Principia Moderni III (Map Game)

Principia Moderni, or "The Beginning of the Modern" in late Latin, was a map game beginning in the final days of the Middle Ages in Europe, and the early days of the Ming Dynasty in China - in 1400 CE, a turbulent era; in other words, an era of change; an era in which power is cemented. The first game was perhaps the most successful map game on the wiki in terms of length, finishing without dying and plausible expansions. However, it did have its problems, and has now finished. The second game, instead of being a worthy successor to the first, was marred by over-expansionism, feuds between players, ambiguity in the rules, which often caused controversy on wars between player nations, over-competitiveness and overall inactivity of the moderators, but was nevertheless successful in reaching the Modern Age. And thus, this third installment has been created. Welcome to Principia Moderni III!

Active

 * 1) Callumthered
 * 2) CrimsonAssassin (Moderator and Mapmaker, Leader of the Autobots)
 * 3) Edgeofnight
 * 4) EiplecOco (Mapmaker, Neutrality Bringer, Air Breather)
 * 5) Monster Pumpkin (Moderator-in-Chief)
 * 6) SkyGreen24 (Moderator, Algorithm Fixer, Mapmaker)
 * 7) Scrawland Scribblescratch (Mapmaker only)

Honourary

 * Andr3w777 (Moderator extraordinaire, Destroyer of Worlds)
 * AwesomePeruvian
 * Commandante Lemming
 * Cosman246 (creator of the first game)
 * CourageousLife
 * Collie Kaltenbrunner (Former Moderator-in-Chief, Assistant Mapmaker)
 * Detectivekenny (moderator-in-chief of the first game)
 * Fedelede
 * Feudalplague (Algo Mod, ASB Hunter, Mapmaker,  Emperor of the World )
 * Galaguerra1
 * LurkerLordB (moderator-in-chief of Principia Moderni II until about 1580)
 * NovaSims
 * PitaKang
 * Saamwiil (Moderator, Arbiter, Map editor)
 * Scandinator   (Mapmaker, Disaster Mod)
 * Sine dei gloriem (Moderator and Mapmaker)
 * VonGlusenburg

Current Map
Map rules: 
 * As a note to everyone, do not edit the map unless you are authorized as a mapmaker. Inability to follow this rule will be met with action.
 * Remember to align the map to the center.
 * Please use the posted map as the Base map for editing from now on.
 * All mods, please update the current map instead of adding a new file from now on, there is no need to have three files if two of them are unused.

Industrial Map as of 1889 

Sign-ups

 * See Also: Territories

Western Europe (France and Iberia)

 * Democratic French Commonwealth -
 * Autonomous Region of Burgundy -
 * Autonomous Region of Normandy -
 * Autonomous Region of Occitania -
 * Kingdom of the Netherlands -tao64
 * Luxembourg -tao64
 * Portugal - Agent Fires
 * United Spain -

Northern Europe (Britain and Scandinavia)

 * Scandinavia
 * Denmark - Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svgLabarum.jpgCrimsonAssassin- I have special eyes
 * Sweden - Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svgLabarum.jpgCrimsonAssassin- I have special eyes
 * Norway - Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svgLabarum.jpgCrimsonAssassin- I have special eyes
 * Schleswig - Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svgLabarum.jpgCrimsonAssassin- I have special eyes
 * Albion - &#34;SO SAYETH THE EAGLE&#34; - Fascist Eagle ಠ_ಠ (talk) 19:00, May 25, 2015 (UTC)
 * Éire - &#34;SO SAYETH THE EAGLE&#34; - Fascist Eagle ಠ_ಠ (talk) 19:00, May 25, 2015 (UTC)
 * England - &#34;SO SAYETH THE EAGLE&#34; - Fascist Eagle ಠ_ಠ (talk) 19:00, May 25, 2015 (UTC)
 * Wales - &#34;SO SAYETH THE EAGLE&#34; - Fascist Eagle ಠ_ಠ (talk) 19:00, May 25, 2015 (UTC)
 * Dublin - &#34;SO SAYETH THE EAGLE&#34; - Fascist Eagle ಠ_ಠ (talk) 19:00, May 25, 2015 (UTC)
 * Scotland - &#34;SO SAYETH THE EAGLE&#34; - Fascist Eagle ಠ_ಠ (talk) 19:00, May 25, 2015 (UTC)

Central Europe

 * Swiss Confederacy- Ratcolor (talk)
 * Czechia -
 * Silesia -
 * United Commonwealth of Germany
 * Commonwealth State of Bavaria  - Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Commonwealth State of Austria  - Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Commonwealth State of Venezia  - Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Commonwealth State of Brandenburg  - Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Commonwealth State of Pomerania  - Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Commonwealth State of Bremen - Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Commonwealth State of Saxony - Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Commonwealth State of Swabia - Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Commonwealth Kingdom of Hamburg-Mecklenburg - I am that guy (talk)
 * Commonwealth Kingdom of Hanover - I am that guy (talk)
 * Commonwealth Kingdom of Rhineland - I am that guy (talk)
 * Commonwealth Kingdom of Westphalia - I am that guy (talk)
 * Commonwealth Kingdom of Prussia - I am that guy (talk)
 * Commonwealth Kingdom of Kuba - I am that guy (talk)
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg - Callumthered (talk)
 * Commonwealth Lordship of Neu Norderney - Callumthered (talk)

Southern Europe (Italy and the Balkans)

 * Roman (Byzantine) Empire - Monster Pumpkin
 * Croatian Archvoivodeship - SkyGreen24
 * Carantania
 * Lombardy - Scarlet Outlaw

Eastern Europe

 * Russia (In Civil War) -
 * Provisional Tartary -
 * Pskov/Union of Konigsberg - -Lx (leave me a message)Azarath Flag.png
 * Ruthenia - Yank
 * Romania - Fallacyman (talk)
 * Poland -
 * Lithuania -
 * Kashubia -
 * Sorbia -
 * Slovakia -
 * Carpathia -

Anatolia and Caucasia

 * Kingdom of Armenia -
 * Kingdom of Georgia -

Mesopotamia

 * Grand Principality of Assyria -

Arabia

 * Hashemite Caliphate -

South Asia

 * Bengal Sultanate - ♣There is no good or evil: only power and those too weak to seek it♣
 * Bahmani Sultanate - ♣There is no good or evil:  only power and those too weak to seek it♣
 * Vijaynagara Rajya - ♣There is no good or evil: only power and those too weak to seek it♣
 * Udaipur Sultanate - ♣There is no good or evil: only power and those too weak to seek it♣
 * Punjab Confederacy - ♣There is no good or evil: only power and those too weak to seek it♣
 * Empire of Lanka -  Flippedlion.png NicDonalds, Beginning Editor  Talk Lionsymbol.png 03:36, May 12, 2015 (UTC)

East Asia

 * Western Chagatai Khanate --
 * Japanese Empire - KawaiiKame
 * Formosa - KawaiiKame
 * Yantai - KawaiiKame
 * Qingdao - KawaiiKame


 * Shanghai - KawaiiKame
 * Heinan - KawaiiKame
 * Paupa (Colony) - KawaiiKame
 * Kiamigutai (Colony) - KawaiiKame


 * Korea - Seiga
 * Mongol Khanate - Harvenard2 (talk) 00:47, June 26, 2015 (UTC)
 * Tibet -
 * Shun China - So, Principia Moderni III, huh? Sounds good.

South-East Asia

 * Ayutthaya -
 * Loas -
 * Pegu -
 * Dawei -
 * Shan States -
 * Singapore (Spanish protectorate) - Scraw
 * Taungoo   -

Asian Islands

 * Aru -
 * Bima -
 * Bone -
 * Kutai -
 * Makassar -
 * Minahasa -
 * Dipa -
 * Pagaruyung -
 * Selebar -
 * Siak -
 * Spanish East Indies (Spanish colony) (may or may not include many other things on this list) - Scraw
 * Sukadang -
 * Tidore -
 * Tondo -
 * Tulang Bawang -
 * Timor -
 * Philippines (Japanese possession) - KawaiiKame

North Africa

 * Gasfa -
 * Kingdom of Algeria (Spanish protectorate) - Scraw
 * Kingdom of Morocco -
 * Zab -

West Africa

 * Igala -
 * Jenne -
 * Kanem Empire -
 * Kwararafa -
 * Mema -
 * Salum -
 * Siine -
 * Songhay -
 * Takur -
 * Tuareg -
 * Wolof - Reme
 * Kingdom of the Kongo -

South Africa

 * Great Zimbabwe -
 * on -
 * Cape Ferdinand (Andean Protectorate) - ~Edge
 * Maravi Confederacy -

East Africa

 * Aleppraqht -
 * Al-Somal -
 * Mogadishi -
 * Iritriya -
 * Ethiopian Empire -
 * Interlacustrine States (fragmented) -
 * Empire of Madagasikara -
 * Swahili City-States
 * Al-Swahili -
 * Dar es Salaam -
 * Kilwa -
 * The Republic - Toby2: THEY CALL ME Mr. Awesome!!!
 * The Republic - Toby2: THEY CALL ME Mr. Awesome!!!

Oceania

 * Marrikuwuyanga -
 * New Mecklenburg: I am that guy (talk)
 * Hawaii - Great showing. B23 (talk) 09:58, June 29, 2015 (UTC)
 * Timor Sultanate - SunnyKhan688

Borealia

 * Reme - Saturn120 18:27, April 4, 2015 (UTC)
 * Algonquian Sachemate -Shikata ga nai!
 * Sahtudene - Shikata ga nai!
 * United Commonwealth of Borealia - Nathan1123 (talk)

Lower Borealia

 * Cuba (territory of Hamburg) - I am that guy (talk)
 * Mexaca -

Hesperia

 * Andea: #PraiseRoosevelt. 11:03, June 17, 2015 (UTC)
 * Empire of Brazil: Fritzmet (talk)
 * Kingdom of Guiana (Independent Brazilian Satellite):
 * Emeraldie  - Dreamcaster1 (talk) 16:36, May 31, 2015 (UTC)

Wall of Shame
This list is for users currently prohibited from participating in the game.
 * User: Arceus The God of Pokemon : Permanent ban for sockpuppetting on the first game.
 * User: Eldwolf : Permanent ban for deleting the entire page of the first game and replacing it with profanities.
 * User: Twisty123456789 : Permanent ban for sockpuppeting on the second game.
 * User: Ratc3333 : Permanent ban for sockpuppeting.
 * User: Vivaporious : Permanent ban for ignoring mods, excessive implausibility and inability to remain civil with other players.
 * User: Scarlet Outlaw: One week for excessive implausibility. Was warned on chat before hand.

1910
''' War keeps going. Hooray ... '''


 * Indian Empire: Queen Farah Shah was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 341,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented on ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of Bengal, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones, bulbs, electricity.India carries on offensive against Roman Venad, sending 2,500,000 troops. In other news, the Indian Empire builds the first tank. However, it more like an armoured automobile with a turret attached to it. It is estimated that a perfect tank would be built by 1913. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 68.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights. We fight the enemies.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 48.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Punjab exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well. We fight the enemies.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 38.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagar's exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well. We fight the enemies.
 * Indian Overseas Territories: Aceh, Mauritius, Tromelin and Reunion.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science.


 * Romania: In Moldavia and Dobruja, we begin agricultural industrialisation. We build more factories in our nation. More collectivisation occurs. Tractors begin to be used on farms. We export many agricultural goods to our Communist allies. We defeated several Roman attacks on the Ardelean line and continue mobilization. Woman are sent to the work force.
 * Borealia_Flag_2.pngUnion of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold tra191de, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Electrical power continues to spread, although one scientist claims to have created better light by conducting gas. A theory of quanta is developed to explain phenomenon as smaller levels, and more theories follow to develop machines at this level. Tanks continue to be developed. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Airplanes begin to be built on the Remen design in Pannenstiel. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast. Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. Support continues to be given to the Republican rebels in China. In sympathy for the oppression of Communism in Europe, a small Communist Party emerges this year in New Vienna. These people are viewed suspiciously, however, as Communism usually has no place in Borealian culture. Seeing the remarkable bravery of Kabulistan stand up against the Indian Empire, many people in Borealia begin showing sympathy of their cause, particularly by selling merchandise with Kabulistan's motto on them. This "Bullistani movement", however, only lasts a few months. 
 * The State of Australia: The state greatly increases this year by beginning joint control over the colony of New Mecklenburg, provided by Germany on the provision of ceding the whole colony by 1929. The capital of the state is centered at Dandiri (OTL Brisbane), which administers over all land settlements and the Luwrit Sea (OTL Tasman Sea). Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry. Settlements begin to grow around the Lake Eyre region.
 *  German Dip:   No. We are not ceding eastern New Mecklenburg. The deal was eastern New Mecklenburg was to be a joint-control region, before we let you annex it in 30 years. Now, you are ceding the eastern chunk of New Mecklenburg, which is completely contrary to our deal. If you keep going on this track of betraying diplomatic agreements, we will be forced to once more sever relations with Borealia and resume proscribing your country as a state enemy. Retconned, my mistake. -Nathan
 * The Commonwealth of Oceana: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base on Midway. Exploration of West Antarctica continues. The navy also claims several islands near New Zealand (OTL Auckland, Chatham, and Macquarie Islands).
 * Colony of Kinshasa: With the incorporated French colony, continues to expand its lumber and mining companies with cheap labor picked up from surrounding natives. An organized government forms along with some small villages. The border expands inward.
 * Morocco: The Sultanate of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 500,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 15 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 750,000 soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships, 14 frigates, 14 cruisers and 18 destroyers. Continue mass building of early fighters and bombers on military airports, which later added into Moroccan Air Force. The nation expends south by 16,000 sq km (undoing Moroccan colonial wars in last ten years. I know what sq km means, Spain expends its colonies by 16,000 sq km every year.), with a few new cities being built. Morocco continues mobilization. Roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer museums, colleges and more houses, schools, hospitals, power plants and mining plants are built. The mining plants produces materials coal, iron and now gold and copper, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. The telephone/communications and mosaics industries continue to grow under a few large monopolies. With parts of the country hooked up to electricity, few middle class citizens and rich citizens have light in their homes. The telegraph is popular with the rich and business people. The telephone is popular with the rich people of society. A few docks and mosques are built. In political news, the previous king Abdelaziz is deposed and Abdelhafid succeeds to throne as the new king of Morocco. The Moroccan Navy continues building a series of armored destroyers, cruisers and cargo ships which destroyers later added to Moroccan Navy and cargo ships are for trade and for future tensions. Trade with various major European powers decides economic boom of Morocco and Morocco's largest exports are mosaics and largest imports are mostly food. Artillery becomes more widely used in combat and more industries continues building a series of wartime artillery, which later added it to Moroccan Armed Forces. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and one new railway line is opened in service. Sultan Abdelaziz continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. (Ignore German flag burnings, Banishment of all German books and cut off relations with Germany in 1908) Morocco continues building a series a military camps for soldiers living at Moroccan-German border and Moroccan-Spanish border.
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: The war continues on, with casualties always increasing. The population remains hopeful, however, and happy in the knowledge that the war is a just one. The military focuses heavily on developing dirigible technology, with tests of hydrogen-filled prototypes taking place over the Jade Bite. It's hoped that the airships could be used to drop bombs on unsuspecting enemies below. The entire army has been kitted out in the new Feldgrau service uniform, replacing the characteristic yellow coat. Frontline deaths from sniper fire mysteriously drop.
 * Commonwealth Lordship of Neu Norderney: Lord Conrad VIII thanks Algonquia for its re-assurances. Neu Norderners continue fighting in the war, with a second Expeditionary Force leaving for the front. Meanwhile, the First Nation peoples take the war as an opportunity to ask for more speed in processing their claims to traditional lands. Whilst the war is taking a toll on the size of the still-new bureaucracy, the Premier gives his assurances that all will be done to ensure land rights claims are processed as quickly as humanly possible.
 * Nederlanden- The Ardennes Front makes minor gains. Fokker sets up a company in the Netherlands. He is contracted to build Recon planes. Later, he accidentally invents the synchronized MG. When presented to the high command, they immediately order it. With the eendekker, the Nederlandse Koninklijke Luchtmacht (Dutch Royal Air Force) rules the skies. Eco and Mil turn.
 * Belgium: Wars. Eco and Mil.
 * Luxembourg: Wars. Eco and Mil.
 * Andea: Rapidly develops its industry. Industrial work becomes the most common field to work in. Average wage for industrial workers stands at 1000 reals, but the government set minimum wage stands at 400 reals. Yellow-Dog Contracts are offically outlawed this year in Andea. The Military expands to include 650,000 men. With the outbreak of war overseas, the draft is enacted and funding is poured into military. The Grant-Ramon 2 rifle is adopted (ATL Springfield Rifle). The navy expands dramaticlly, with the inclusion of Dreadnoughts and Armored Cruisers making ironclads irrelevant. The Republican Party wins the Presidency, beating out the Nationals, Democrats, Hesperian, and the Progressives. This year sees the creation of the first movie theater in Andea, as well as the rise of  We ask to purchase the gains made by Brazil in Namibia.
 * Protectorate of Cape Ferdinand: rapidly develops shipyards and docks to increase the economic influence of the nation. Population stands at 165,000, and a garrison of 50,000 men remains active.
 * Protectorate of Sudafrica: The nation continues to centralize. Population stands at five million. A garrison of 110,000 remains active.


 * Algonquia continues to produce submarines for the navy, with the battleship program abandoned. This creates a surplus of naval funding, which speeds advancement in the areas of focus. The development of combined diesel-electric engines gives submarines greater range and safety and enables them to operate virtually silently. Torpedo technology also continues to improve, with radio-guiding technology vastly increasing their effectiveness. The naval high command decides to produce a new class of submarine, dubbed the U-20, to incorporate these innovations. A couple of airships are also built this year for the navy, which plans to use them in conjunction with its new submarines as spotters. Torpedo boat and destroyer production also increases.
 * Sahtudene and Kitlineq continue to expand. Icebreakers are based at Tukotaktuk to keep the Northwest Passage open later.
 * The Zollern Insels duly hold a referendum, as promised last year. The vote is narrowly against independence (the choice of 35% of voters), with most voters (45%) choosing increased autonomy. In recognition of this choice, the Zollern Insels are made a republic, which would send representatives to the Council of Sachems but separately elect its own local administration. Elections will be held next year.
 * Brazil: War continues in Namibia, with the colonial governments of Porto Natal and São Tomé and Príncipe officially declaring war and mobilizing for combat. With Namibia completely blockaded by our fleet, Namibia is unable to reinforce or supply itself, and soon falls without heavy fighting. The Treaty of Porto Natal is signed officially ending the war, officially annexing the region into the Empire of Brazil. Settlement of Brazil’s new African territories is encouraged, especially in Porto Natal, Porto Centauro (Richard’s Bay), named for military leader Manuel Marques de Sousa, Barreto (Pietermaritzburg), named for José Luís Mena Barreto, Vila João (Johannesburg), named for King João of Guiana, and Vinicia (Pretoria). The territory north of Porto Natal is organized into a second colony, named Solumbuso, with Emepror Pedro’s third son Prince Afonso appointed as its first governor. Solumbuso attracts thousands of Spanish and Dutch inhabitants of the region, known as Estancieros, who are attracted by promises of riches and work under Brazilian rule. With the threat of the Zulu eliminated diamond and gold industries can be fully exploited, and a mass immigration occurs to the region from other portions of South Africa, Hesperia, and Europe. After the popularity of the Fortaleza-class battleship (dreadnought) in warfare, the nation’s military begins researching and designing an even larger battleship, dubbed the super-fortalezas. The first battleship of this type, the Caçador-class, began construction in 1907 with the world seemingly in the eve of a world war. The Caçador features a 13.5-inch gun, as opposed to the twelve-inch guns, with its high velocity fifty calibre, had been ineffective in combat. Bore erosion had plagued these guns, causing them to lose their accuracy and effectiveness, and a lower velocity weapon is created to combat this problem. The newer 13.5-inch gun would be 45 calibres long, and shoot a much heavier projectile, of about 1250 to 1400 pounds. To compensate for the lower velocity, the maximum elevation of the gun is increased from fifteen to twenty degrees. All-centreline armaments are also adopted, as opposed to a superfiring pair of turrets aft in an effort to save deck space. The armor belt is increased to twelve inches in order to match the general increase in gun calibre among potential adversaries. By this year the Caçador, Monarca, and Trovão are completed of this class. Governor Afonso of Solumbuso organizes a plan for further expansion in Africa, by ordering a military operation into Swaziland. After a few brief weeks of fighting Labotsibeni Mdluli agrees to become a Brazilian protectorate.
 * Regency Republic of Britannia:  With the coming civil war and forced abdication of the Dutch royal family by the Communists, the Parliament led by Oswold Chaddock and his Conservatives party, in fear of the same happening in Britannia, only with a Syndicalist uprising as opposed to a Communist one, draft and pass the Britannic Sedition Act of 1906. This newly created act makes it illegal to openly protest the government in such way that implies violent action. Using this new law, the military forces of Britannia go about arresting lower and more regional leaders of the Syndicalists, claiming that their intent to create a Syndicalist government would involve the possible violent removal of Parliament (As per the Syndicalist Pamphlet), and therefore counts as an implication of violent action. However, due to disgruntlment and protests from these arrests, Devon Goddard, the author of the Syndicalist Pamphlet, and leader of its movement in Britannia, is not arrest due to internal fears that it would spark a rebellion.


 * ​Britannic Desircit:  The colony begins its inland expasion again as supplies become more regulated as stability increases. With the increase of supplies and stability, industry begins to redevelop on the largest coastal cities, mainly focused on refining goods from other Britannic colonies.  
 * New Guerney:  Sugar and coffee plantations are still the most popular for this colony, and continue to be a source of revenue. Though it lacks much heavy industry, it more than makes up for it in excessive shipments of raw goods.
 * Britannic Afrika:  Army/Econ turn
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue their industrial development. Research on airship construction also continues.
 * Emeraldie: The land forces stand at 90,000 men, with 70,000 in reserve, modernisation of the armed forces occur. Vast industrial expansion occurs in the region following years of government encouragement and subsidies, the transnational railway is completed. We expand 800 px into the continent's interior. Work continues on construction of the Emerald Canal (current estimates show it will be completed by 1914) and vast expansion of oil production begins after the government provides subsidies to entrepreneurs. With the booming economy, the government begins investing heavily in education and infrastructure. In other new the first domestically produced cars are built, with companies taking advantage of the growing petrol supply. The government continues the rebuilding effort. The Emeraldian government offers support for any non-Communist nations in the upcoming war, these include reduced oil prices and a land lease policy. We expand our armaments factories to meet the land lease policy targets.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories: A legislative parliament is created to take care of local issues. The South Pacific station is expanded with new modern ships. The territory government is granted the ability to control a small armed force to maintain peace in the region and protect from native aggression, its current numbers are around 7000 men.


 * Peoples Republic of China: We advance into Qinghai further, our forces taking control of most of Golog. We continue to distribute propaganda throughout the PRC and Qinghai. We begin using our scouter planes to gather information from Qinghai, particularly battle plans. This generation, from 1900-1920, is called by many philosophers the War Generation, as a result of the Sino-Japanese War and the Great War, with many people born in this generation in Chinanationalist and jingoist. We boost our economy to deal with the ongoing war, which is damaging our economy.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures toward Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself toward the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman and Vlachian forces move in, securing the southern part of the country and stopping at the Wallachian-Moldavian border, as per the compromise between the Communists and Monarchists. Support for the true Vlachian government rises, and the Roman Empire provides the southern government the resources it needs to get itself back on its feet. To help stabilize its northern border, train cars full of weapons and ammo are sent to Croatia, hopefully to bolster that front. The rebel Syrians are seen as an annoyance, and as such local forces are tasked with putting them down. Troops are stationed in Syria after the cancellation of the supposed alliance, and alliances with Georgia and Assyria are affirmed again. With war declared upon the Roman Empire, the Roman Empire declares war in return and requests that all of its allies join in the defense. The military and economy are put on total war footing and all needed efforts to help the war effort are taken.
 * Tartar Empire:  The fall of the Tartary is a huge surprise, and many officials fled to Roman lands. However, the Roman Empire was able to set up a puppet government claiming legitimacy from the remnants of the Tartary. The Tartar royal family is installed as the leaders of this puppet state, with much of the government based on that of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire does what it can to industrialize and modernize the puppet state, which effectively only controls the Black Sea coast. Effort is put entirely into the army, as there is no power that can challenge the might of the Roman navy in the Black Sea. Demoralized remnants of the Tartar Army along with volunteers are trained by Roman officers to help get the state back on its feet.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The Franqi brothers begin experimenting with the idea of heavier-than-air flight, but the task is daunting and will take some time to perfect a flying device. They manage to create a working model which flies for several seconds. However, it isn't impressive enough and they continue their work. Following the outbreak of war, the Reman Empire declares war on France and sends troops to help the Spanish in their front.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started to be worked on.
 * Imperial Japan: The Emperor looks out of his window into the shining pearly sea of Tokyo and addresses his people. ''' Foreign Minister Riyu signs the Treaty of Midway, ushering a new era of peace and prosperity in the Pacific and results in an economic boom thanks to an increase in trade in the Pacific. We also observe the various wars that the world is falling into, and we prepare for a massive war by investing our new found money into a massive military build up as well as improving our economy by improving our trade routes/  Our condolensces go out to the dead Caliph. As the new century dawns, so does the new Empire of Japan with the implementation of the treaty of Beijing Japan. When Emperor Raijingusan was born the empire was a collection of Japan proper and a couple of ports, but now Japan is a shining empire in the Pacific, and is now considered a superpower in terms of vast greatness in not only territory, but also infrastructure, art, science, engineering literature, and education. The Emperor’s dream for Japan is fufilled, and as a result of the new century and new Japanese Empire there is a surge of nationalism. On the topic of literature, the book on the First-Sino Japanese War is published as well as the book “On the History of Japanese War history” and “On the History of Imperial Japan” is published. Emperor Rajiangstan himself attended New Munich, and noted “This city is a spectacular city, with lights gleaming over the fresh lakes, twinkling in the twilight, with the telephone that connects two voices from a far, and the kaleidoscope that has me see a beautiful rainbow of colors, indeed New Munich is a beacon upon a hill, and I hope Japan adopts the Borelian model of modernization.” The Emperor also returns to Tokyo, signs the Treaty of the Hague and the Treaty of Beijing, only to die, ushering an era of peace. “I was born, destined for something great, and something great I became, for I have made Japan the pinnacle of hope and light, sharing the greatness of the rising sun, to all four corners of the world. I may die today, but the Empire of Japan shall be eternal.” There is a massive memorial service held in Emperor Rajiangstan’s honor, and his first son, Emperor Heiwa to Han'ei, succeeds him, and begins to adopt the Borealian model of industrialization, trying to make Tokyo like New Munich. Seeing the German Empire quickly hand over IndoChina, Japan declares war upon and invades Spain. The Empire of Japan offers an ultimatum to the German Empire, cede Indochina to us, offer us a ten year NAP, and give us trading rights to the German Pacific colonies of Brunei and Australia. In a major speech in Kyoto, later repeated in Tokyo, the Emperor of Japan says " With Japanese dominance secured in the Pacific as a result of their deals with Germany and Spain we turn to our new enemy, the Communist Russians. The Communists threaten our very existance as a nation and we attack them to ensure Japanese dominance and political hegemony in the Pacific and Asia. We call upon two million able-bodied young men to bring honor to your family, friends, nation, and empire and invade the Communist menance from Japanese Siberia." '''


 * Empire of Northern China: With the Signing of the Treaty of Beijing Manchuria and Northern China are merged, establishing the Empire of Northern China, with Emperor Wu, Emperor Rajiangstan’s second son, as Emperor. Major reforms are enacted and there is immediate construction to railroads, schools, hospitals, homes, factories, ports, and cities in order to rebuild Northern China after the war. Mining operations also continue. the Empire is also noted as one of the most diverse places in the Japanese Empire. We invest in developing the cities of Beijing and Tianjin. Emperor Waizu marries into the the Qing Dynasty, restoring the dynasty of the Manchu Empire of old.
 * Japanese Formosa: We invest in Formosa by implementing a massive railroad construction program as well as port construction to further the transportation of Formosa. We implement a program of both industry and agriculture in Formosa, with the industry being for Japan and the agriculture being for Formosa. We also make massive public education reform in Formosa. Industry also speeds up as a result of the wartime economy. Eco/Mil turn. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Shanghai: We industrialize Shanghai and upgrade its port and infrastructure, including education. We have Shanghai specialize in shipbuilding and trading, making it a hub for trade in East Asia. We rapidly increase port building to make this city a hub for trade.
 * Northern Philippines: We welcome the former French Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Southern Philippines: We welcome the former Hamburgian Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Siberia: We welcome the former Tartary territory into our empire and we begin an extensive program to rebuild the area after the war by expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. We also expan the economy of the area. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Jiangsu: Major rebuilding reforms are enacted and there is immediate construction to railroads, schools, hospitals, homes factories, ports, and cities in order to rebuild Northern China after the war. We also construct a major irrigation system of Jiangsu and farm crops such as rice and wheat and make industry based on textiles and food and develop Shanghai and Nanking as important major cities.
 * Guangdong: We begin developing the infrastructure of Guangdong by implementing major reform, and we build railroads, factories, schools, hospitals, homes, ports, and cities. In order to fuel this, we focus on developing the ports in the Pearl Delta River region making them a hub for trade in the Pacific. We open the Pearl River Delta to other nations in the Pacific and are willing to make a trade deal with them.

1911
''' War keeps going, you know how this works. '''

''' Saturday is Algo Day. Never skip Algo day. '''


 * Commonwealth Kingdoms of Hamburg, Hanover, Westphalia, Rhineland, Prussia, Kuba, and the non-incorporated Kingdom of New Rugia: New Mecklenburg, Kameroon, and German West Africa expand by 750 px each. Despite having only been launched in 1903, the SMS Fürchtennicht, the first all big-gun battleship in the world and who started a new era in naval ship design, is retired with three of its sister ships, in light of newer and larger designs. The name is transferred to a new SMS Fürchtennicht, armed with ten fifteen inch guns in five centerlined turrets (similar to the otl König class warship). Friedrich von Güstrow wins the German Chancellory election, calling for Germany's territorial gains from the war to be properly incorporated, via the creation of a "Commomwealth Duchy of Alsace" under the rule of a cadet branch of the Hamburg or Oldenburg royal families. He also proposes the incorporation of the Kingdom of New Rugia, the only member of the previous United German Kingdoms not to be incorporated into Germany upon unification.
 * Commonwealth States: We support the incorporation of Rugia. However, if Alsace is to be a Duchy, we'd prefer it to be under the rule of an independent, non-aligned royal family.


 * Indian Empire: Queen Farah Shah was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 341,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented on ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of Bengal, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones, bulbs, electricity. India achieves a decisive victory in Venad, and prepares to launch a direct Invasion of the Roman Empire. In other news, the Indian Empire continues investing into constructing a proper tank, after the success of a prototype in 1910. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 68.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights. Declares war upon Roman Empire.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 48.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Punjabs exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well. Declares war on Roman Empire
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 38.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagars exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well. Declares war on Roman Empire
 * Indian Overseas Territories: Aceh, Mauritius, Tromelin and Reunion.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science. The Hyundai Motor Company is founded by Kwon Ju-yung and begins creating the first Korean car.
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue their industrial development. Research on airship construction also continues
 * Borealia_Flag_2.pngUnion of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Electrical power continues to spread, although one scientist claims to have created better light by conducting gas. A theory of quanta is developed to explain phenomenon as smaller levels, and more theories follow to develop machines at this level. Tanks continue to be developed. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Airplanes begin to be built on the Remen design in Pannenstiel. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast. Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. Support continues to be given to the Republican rebels in China. In sympathy for the oppression of Communism in Europe, a small Communist Party emerges this year in New Vienna. These people are viewed suspiciously, however, as Communism usually has no place in Borealian culture. The Curia decides to send some economic support to Rome in the hope of seeing them as an ally.
 * The State of Australia: The state greatly increases this year by beginning joint control over the colony of New Mecklenburg, provided by Germany on the provision of ceding the whole colony by 1929. The capital of the state is centered at Dandiri (OTL Brisbane), which administer over all land settlements and the Luwrit Sea (OTL Tasman Sea). Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry. Settlements begin to grow around the Lake Eyre region. With respect to the German colonial government, we ask Croatia to purchase the part of the outback north of Lake Eyre.
 * The Commonwealth of Oceana: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base on Midway. Exploration of West Antarctica continues. The navy also claims several islands near New Zealand (OTL Auckland, Chatham, and Macquarie Islands).
 * Colony of Kinshasa: With the incorporated French colony, continues to expand its lumber and mining companies with cheap labor picked up from surrounding natives. An organized government forms along with some small villages. The border expands inward 750 px.


 * Romania: In Moldavia and Dobruja, we begin agricultural industrialisation. We build more factories in our nation. More collectivisation occurs. Tractors begin to be used on farms. We export many agricultural goods to our Communist allies. With a minor victory, we capture some Vlachian territory and expand the Ardelean Line.
 * Nederlands: WARS GALORE. Eco and Mil.
 * Lux.: Wars. Eco and Mil.
 * Belgium: Wars. Eco and Mil.
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: The war continues. The military's experimentation with airships has gone incredibly well, to the extent that the navy commissions ten of the large airships for reconnaissance and bombing work. The airships will also be armed with heavy mounted machine guns, to guard against smaller flying craft, or to use when capturing enemy surface ships. A small naval detachment travels to Christiandorf on Svalbard. On leaving, a company of marines remains to guard the fledgling settlement.
 * Commonwealth Lordship of Neu Nordeney: True to its word, the government manages to process three native land claims by the end of the year, with all three gaining approval. The boost in confidence from the Dirst Nations people's leads to a jump in enlistment from those groups.
 * Morocco: The Sultanate of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 500,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 15.5 million people, while the number of military troops stands atone million soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships, 14 frigates, 14 cruisers and 18 destroyers. Continue mass building of early fighters and bombers on military airports, which later added into Moroccan Air Force. The nation expends south by 16,000 sq km, with a few new cities being built. Morocco stops mobilization, as the country declares neutrality in Great War. Roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer museums, colleges and more houses, schools, hospitals, power plants and mining plants are built. The mining plants produces materials coal, iron and now gold and copper, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. The telephone/communications and mosaics industries continue to grow under a few large monopolies. With parts of the country hooked up to electricity, few middle class citizens and rich citizens have light in their homes. The telegraph is popular with the rich and business people. The telephone is popular with the rich people of society. A few docks and mosques are built. The Moroccan Navy continues building a series of armored destroyers, cruisers and cargo ships which destroyers later added to Moroccan Navy and cargo ships are for trade and for future tensions. Trade with various major European powers decides economic boom of Morocco and Morocco's largest exports are mosaics and largest imports are mostly food. Artillery becomes more widely used in combat and more industries continues building a series of wartime artillery, which later added it to Moroccan Armed Forces. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and one new railway line is opened in service. Sultan Abdelaziz continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. Morocco continues building a few military camps for soldiers living at Moroccan-German border and Moroccan-Spanish border.
 * Andea: Rapidly develops its industry. Industrial work becomes the most common field to work in. Average wage for industrial workers stands at 1000 reals, but the government set minimum wage stands at 400 reals. Yellow-Dog Contracts are offically outlawed this year in Andea. The Military expands to include 650,000 men. With the outbreak of war overseas, the draft is enacted and funding is poured into military. The Grant-Ramon 2 rifle is adopted (ATL Springfield Rifle). The navy expands dramaticlly, with the inclusion of Dreadnoughts and Armored Cruisers making ironclads irrelevant. The Republican Party wins the Presidency, beating out the Nationals, Democrats, Hesperian, and the Progressives. This year sees the creation of the first movie theater in Andea, as well as the rise of consumer culture. Tanks make their first showcase in Andea this year. We send 80,000 men and supplies to our Roman Allies.
 * Protectorate of Cape Ferdinand: rapidly develops shipyards and docks to increase the economic influence of the nation. Population stands at 165,000, and a garrison of 50,000 men remains active.
 * Protectorate of Sudafrica: The nation continues to centralize. Population stands at five million. A garrison of 110,000 remains active.
 * Peoples Republic of China: Due to a sudden surge in troop morale for Qinghai, neither side is now easily winning, so the invasion of Qinghai descends into trench warfare. Golog has fallen to PRC forces along with Hainan and as part of our planned encirclement of the Qinghai capital an invasion of Huangnan begins. We begin writing up the terms of Qinghai surrender, hoping to soon force Qinghai to sign them. Research into tanks officially begins with the beginning of trench warfare. Meanwhile, we continue spying on Qinghai with spy planes.
 * Imperial Japanese Dip: We are infuriated with the PRC's attack on Qinghai, violating the sacred Treaty of Beijing by invading Qinghai, not only breaking the treaty, but the alliance, thus we are forced to aid Qinghai and declare war on the PRC. TO aid the Qinghai in their struggle against the PRC, we send 900,000 troops to aid them after our two million troops return home victoriously from Russia (in which we get 6% of its land).
 * Algonquia continues to produce submarines for the navy, with the battleship program abandoned. This creates a surplus of naval funding, which speeds advancement in the areas of focus. The development of combined diesel-electric engines gives submarines greater range and safety and enables them to operate virtually silently. Torpedo technology also continues to improve, with radio-guiding technology vastly increasing their effectiveness. The naval high command decides to produce a new class of submarine, dubbed the U-20, to incorporate these innovations. A couple of airships are also built this year for the navy, which plans to use them in conjunction with its new submarines as spotters. Torpedo boat and destroyer production also increases. Airships are also produced for civilian use. Numerous refugees arrive from Europe, particularly from France. Algonquia requests a trade deal with Portugal.
 * Sahtudene and Kitlineq continue to expand. Icebreakers are based at Tukotaktuk to keep the Northwest Passage open later.
 * The Zollern Insels elect Wilhelm von Hohenfall, a merchant, as the first Burgrav go the Zollern Insels. An airships passenger service is created to Algonquia, travelling twice each month.
 * Emeraldie: The land forces stand at 90,000 men, with 70,000 in reserve, modernisation of the armed forces occur. Vast industrial expansion occurs in the region following years of government encouragement and subsidies, the transnational railway is completed. We expand 800 px into the continent's interior. Work continues on construction of the Emerald Canal (current estimates show it will be completed by 1914) and vast expansion of oil production begins after the government provides subsidies to entrepreneurs. With the booming economy, the government begins investing heavily in education and infrastructure. In other new the first domestically produced cars are built, with companies taking advantage of the growing petrol supply. The government continues the rebuilding effort. The emeraldian government offers support for any non-Communist nations in the upcoming war, these include reduced oil prices and a land lease policy. We expand our armaments factories to meet the land lease policy targets.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories: A legislative parliament is created to take care of local issues. The South Pacific station is expanded with new modern ships. The territory government is granted the ability to control a small armed force to maintain peace in the region and protect from native aggression, its current numbers are around 7000 men.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures toward Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself toward the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman and Vlachian forces move in, securing the southern part of the country and stopping at the Wallachian-Moldavian border, as per the compromise between the Communists and Monarchists. Support for the true Vlachian government rises, and the Roman Empire provides the southern government the resources it needs to get itself back on its feet. To help stabilize its northern border, train cars full of weapons and ammo are sent to Croatia, hopefully to bolster that front. The rebel Syrians are seen as an annoyance, and as such local forces are tasked with putting them down. Troops are stationed in Syria after the cancellation of the supposed alliance, and alliances with Georgia and Assyria are affirmed again. With war declared upon the Roman Empire, the Roman Empire declares war in return and requests that all of its allies join in the defense. The military and economy are put on total war footing and all needed efforts to help the war effort are taken.
 * Tartar Empire:  The fall of the Tartary is a huge surprise, and many officials fled to Roman lands. However, the Roman Empire was able to set up a puppet government claiming legitimacy from the remnants of the Tartary. The Tartar royal family is installed as the leaders of this puppet state, with much of the government based on that of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire does what it can to industrialize and modernize the puppet state, which effectively only controls the Black Sea coast. Effort is put entirely into the army, as there is no power that can challenge the might of the Roman navy in the Black Sea. Demoralized remnants of the Tartar Army along with volunteers are trained by Roman officers to help get the state back on its feet.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The Franqi brothers begin experimenting with the idea of heavier-than-air flight, but the task is daunting and will take some time to perfect a flying device. They manage to create a working model which flies for several seconds. However, it isn't impressive enough and they continue their work. Following the outbreak of war, the Reman Empire declares war on France and sends troops to help the Spanish in their front.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started to be worked on.
 * Spain  continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities led to more people moving to the cities. The buildings rise higher and the trains run faster, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Barcelona and Madrid. Cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Boats and guns and cars. Spain begins to mass troops along the border with France and increases patrols around the entire coast of Spain. Spain continues to commission destroyers and increases the number of battle ready battleships in the Royal Armada. More artillery stuff. Carlo Ferreira continues to develop aeroplanes and makes great advances. The Spanish government condemns the Communist nations. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain continues to advocate the expansion of the anti-Communist league. The Spanish colony of West Africa expands 8000 sq km north in the west and east, totaling 16,000 sq km. Croats in Dahomey retain their rights. Dahomey expands 8000 sq km into the interior of Africa. The Spanish colony in southwest Africa expands 8000 sq km inland as well. In the French front, Spain deploys armored vehicles unlike anything ever seen before. They roll across France to limited success, as they still have many flaws. Cool name for tanks coming later. Also, Spain launches its first dreadnought. Armed planes fight in France sort of. Dogfights and the such. France falls and a Spanish diplomatic entourage goes to Stuttgart to present Spanish post-war terms. #NoMoreWikiaChanges
 * Spain  continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities led to more people moving to the cities. The buildings rise higher and the trains run faster, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Barcelona and Madrid. Cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Boats and guns and cars. Spain begins to mass troops along the border with France and increases patrols around the entire coast of Spain. Spain continues to commission destroyers and increases the number of battle ready battleships in the Royal Armada. More artillery stuff. Carlo Ferreira continues to develop aeroplanes and makes great advances. The Spanish government condemns the Communist nations. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain continues to advocate the expansion of the anti-Communist league. The Spanish colony of West Africa expands 8000 sq km north in the west and east, totaling 16,000 sq km. Croats in Dahomey retain their rights. Dahomey expands 8000 sq km into the interior of Africa. The Spanish colony in southwest Africa expands 8000 sq km inland as well. In the French front, Spain deploys armored vehicles unlike anything ever seen before. They roll across France to limited success, as they still have many flaws. Cool name for tanks coming later. Also, Spain launches its first dreadnought. Armed planes fight in France sort of. Dogfights and the such. France falls and a Spanish diplomatic entourage goes to Stuttgart to present Spanish post-war terms. #NoMoreWikiaChanges

'''Imperial Japan: The Emperor looks out of his window into the shining pearly sea of Tokyo and addresses his people. Foreign Minister Kogan Riyu and the Emperor himself signs the Treaty of  '''Urajiosutoku, ending the Russo-Japanese War and ushering a new era of peace and prosperity with Russia and our men return home and are hailed as national heroes. However, there is a new threat on the horizon, the PRC, which has invaded Qinghai, and thus we are forced to declare war on the PRC per the Treaty of Beijing. After successfuly defending Qinghai, we invade the PRC with two million troops. Foreign Minister Riyu signs the Treaty of Midway, ushering a new era of peace and prosperity in the Pacific and results in an economic boom thanks to an increase in trade in the Pacific. We also observe the various wars that the world is falling into, and we prepare for a massive war by investing our new found money into a massive military build up as well as improving our economy by improving our trade routes/  Our condolensces go out to the dead Caliph. As the new century dawns, so does the new Empire of Japan with the implementation of the treaty of Beijing Japan. When Emperor Raijingusan was born the empire was a collection of Japan proper and a couple of ports, but now Japan is a shining empire in the Pacific, and is now considered a superpower in terms of vast greatness in not only territory, but also infrastructure, art, science, engineering literature, and education. The Emperor’s dream for Japan is fufilled, and as a result of the new century and new Japanese Empire there is a surge of nationalism. On the topic of literature, the book on the First-Sino Japanese War is published as well as the book “On the History of Japanese War history” and “On the History of Imperial Japan” is published. Emperor Rajiangstan himself attended New Munich, and noted “This city is a spectacular city, with lights gleaming over the fresh lakes, twinkling in the twilight, with the telephone that connects two voices from a far, and the kaleidoscope that has me see a beautiful rainbow of colors, indeed New Munich is a beacon upon a hill, and I hope Japan adopts the Borelian model of modernization.” The Emperor also returns to Tokyo, signs the Treaty of the Hague and the Treaty of Beijing, only to die, ushering an era of peace. “I was born, destined for something great, and something great I became, for I have made Japan the pinnacle of hope and light, sharing the greatness of the rising sun, to all four corners of the world. I may die today, but the Empire of Japan shall be eternal.” There is a massive memorial service held in Emperor Rajiangstan’s honor, and his first son, Emperor Heiwa to Han'ei, succeeds him, and begins to adopt the Borealian model of industrialization, trying to make Tokyo like New Munich. Seeing the German Empire quickly hand over Indochina, Japan declares war upon and invades Spain. The Empire of Japan offers an ultimatum to the German Empire, cede Indochina to us, offer us a ten-year NAP, and give us trading rights to the German Pacific colonies of Burnei and Australia. In a major speech in Kyoto, later repeated in Tokyo, the Emperor of Japan says "With Japanese dominance secured in the Pacific as a result of their deals with Germany and Spain we turn to our new enemy, the Communist Russians. The Communists threaten our very existance as a nation and we attack them to ensure Japanese dominance and political hegemony in the Pacific and Asia. We call upon two million able-bodied young men to bring honor to your family, friends, nation, and empire and invade the Communist menance from Japanese Siberia."
 * ​Algeria expands 5000 sq km south as part of the nationalistic campaign to become a great nation on the African continent. Military technology is brought in from Spain, as well as other things. Berbers are satisfied with their legal conditions now. Fabran government remains in power.
 * Singapore also begins to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain. Singapore also greatly benefits from the newly re-invigorated trade in the region. Singapore continues to accumulate wealth as a center of trade and all that nonsense.
 * Empire of Northern China: With the Signing of the Treaty of Beijing Manchuria and Northern China are merged, establishing the Empire of Northern China, with Emperor Wu, Emperor Rajiangstan’s second son, as Emperor. Major reforms are enacted and there is immediate construction to railroads, schools, hospitals, homes, factories, ports, and cities in order to rebuild Northern China after the war. Mining operations also continue. the Empire is also noted as one of the most diverse places in the Japanese Empire. We invest in developing the cities of Beijing and Tianjin. Emperor Waizu marries into the the Qing Dynasty, restoring the dynasty of the Manchu Empire of old.
 * Japanese Formosa: We invest in Formosa by implementing a massive railroad construction program as well as port construction to further the transportation of Formosa. We implement a program of both industry and agriculture in Formosa, with the industry being for Japan and the agriculture being for Formosa. We also make massive public education reform in Formosa. Industry also speeds up as a result of the wartime economy. Eco/Mil turn. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Shanghai: We industrialize Shanghai and upgrade its port and infrastructure, including education. We have Shanghai specialize in shipbuilding and trading, making it a hub for trade in East Asia. We rapidly increase port building to make this city a hub for trade.
 * Northern Philippines: We welcome the former French Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Southern Philippines: We welcome the former Hamburgian Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Siberia: We welcome the former Tartary territory into our empire and we begin an extensive program to rebuild the area after the war by expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. We also expan the economy of the area. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Jiangsu: Major rebuilding reforms are enacted and there is immediate construction to railroads, schools, hospitals, homes factories, ports, and cities in order to rebuild Northern China after the war. We also construct a major irrigation system of Jiangsu and farm crops such as rice and wheat and make industry based on textiles and food and develop Shanghai and Nanking as important major cities.
 * Guangdong: We begin developing the infrastructure of Guangdong by implementing major reform, and we build railroads, factories, schools, hospitals, homes, ports, and cities. In order to fuel this, we focus on developing the ports in the Pearl Delta River region making them a hub for trade in the Pacific. We open the Pearl River Delta to other nations in the Pacific and are willing to make a trade deal with them.
 * Brazil: Settlement of Brazil’s new African territories is encouraged, especially in Porto Natal, Porto Centauro (Richard’s Bay), named for military leader Manuel Marques de Sousa, Barreto (Pietermaritzburg), named for José Luís Mena Barreto, Vila João (Johannesburg), named for King João of Guiana, and Vinicia (Pretoria). The territory north of Porto Natal is organized into a second colony, named Solumbuso, with Emepror Pedro’s third son Prince Afonso appointed as its first governor. Solumbuso attracts thousands of Spanish and Dutch inhabitants of the region, known as Estancieros, who are attracted by promises of riches and work under Brazilian rule. With the threat of the Zulu eliminated diamond and gold industries can be fully exploited, and a mass immigration occurs to the region from other portions of South Africa, Hesperia, and Europe. After the popularity of the Fortaleza-class battleship (dreadnought) in warfare, the nation’s military begins researching and designing an even larger battleship, dubbed the super-fortalezas. The first battleship of this type, the Caçador-class, began construction in 1907 with the world seemingly in the eve of a world war. The Caçador features a 13.5-inch gun, as opposed to the twelve-inch guns, with its high velocity fifty calibre, had been ineffective in combat. Bore erosion had plagued these guns, causing them to lose their accuracy and effectiveness, and a lower velocity weapon is created to combat this problem. The newer 13.5-inch gun would be 45 calibres long, and shoot a much heavier projectile, of about 1,250 to 1,400 pounds. To compensate for the lower velocity, the maximum elevation of the gun is increased from fifteen to twenty degrees. All-centreline armaments are also adopted, as opposed to a superfiring pair of turrets aft in an effort to save deck space. The armor belt is increased to twelve inches in order to match the general increase in gun calibre among potential adversaries. By this year the Caçador, Monarca, and Trovão are completed of this class.

1912
''' I imagine that the Olympics have been either cancelled or postponed, or something. IDK. If a mod really wants to do them, feel free. '''


 * Commonwealth Kingdoms of Hamburg, Hanover, Westphalia, Prussia, Rhineland, Kuba, and New Rugia: New Mecklenburg, Kameroon, and German West Africa expand by 750 px each. Chancellor von Güstrow, with Bavarian support, is able to pass the incorporation of New Rugia as the seventh Commonwealth Kingdom. Emperor Mary, as the head of state of each, is more known as "King of the Seven Kingdoms" when being mentioned in specific regard to those seven states and not to her status as Holy Roman Emperor and King of the Germans. Von Güstrow also proposes a man named Friedrich Augustus von Eggenburg, to be named the new Duke of Alsace, citing his near-nonexistent familial connections to the Hamburgian and Oldenburger families. In non-political news, Michael Augen, a New Rugian citizen, reaches the South Pole the first to do so, utilizing supply depots set up by previous ventures. In accordance to her promise over a decade ago, Augen and the four other member of his party are knighted by Mary.


 * Indian Empire: Queen Farah Shah was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 441,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented on ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of India, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones, bulbs, electricity. Indian forces back the Caliphate-led invasion of the Roman Empire. However, secretly enter into negotiations as well with the Roman Empire. Along the same time, the Empire continues massively funding into the tank, after the Empire had suffered major causalities from artillery bombardment and machine gun fire during the Venad Offensive. Meanwhile, dreadnoughts are introduced into the national navy. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 70.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights. Declares war upon Roman Empire.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 50.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Punjab's exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well. Declares war on Roman Empire
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 40.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagars exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well. Declares war on Roman Empire
 * Indian Overseas Territories: Aceh, Mauritius, Tromelin, Reunion and Seychelles.
 * Nederlanden: WARSWARSWARS. But seriously, it's just wars. nothing unusual. Eco and Mil.
 * Belgium: Eco and Mil.
 * Luxembourg: Eco and Mil.


 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science. The Hyundai Motor Company continues creating the first Korean car, with the final parts of it being completed on the seventh month. The car is tested, and comes back with successful results. The Hyundai Motor Company begins making more of it, and will release the Hyundai A1 (official name for the first car) to the market next year.
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue their industrial development. Research on airship construction also continues. Most of the country is now reachable by rail. The Ruthenians begin to replace their ships with steam-powered ironclads.
 * Borealia_Flag_2.pngUnion of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Electrical power continues to spread, although one scientist claims to have created better light by conducting gas. A theory of quanta is developed to explain phenomenon as smaller levels, and more theories follow to develop machines at this level. Tanks continue to be developed. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Airplanes begin to be built on the Remen design in Pannenstiel. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast. This year the Curia authorizes the creation of the Borealian Aeronautics Engineering Laboratory (BAEL) to administrate over developments in airplanes and other flying machines. Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. Support continues to be given to the Republican rebels in China. In sympathy for the oppression of Communism in Europe, a small Communist Party emerges this year in New Vienna. These people are viewed suspiciously, however, as Communism usually has no place in Borealian culture. We ask Spain to aid us in a joint Antarctic expedition to the South Pole.
 * The State of Australia: The state greatly increases this year by beginning joint control over the colony of New Mecklenburg, provided by Germany on the provision of ceding the whole colony by 1929. The capital of the state is centered at Dandiri (OTL Brisbane), which administer over all land settlements and the Luwrit Sea (OTL Tasman Sea). Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry. Settlements begin to grow around the Lake Eyre region. With respect to the German colonial government, we ask Croatia to purchase the part of the outback north of Lake Eyre.
 * The Commonwealth of Oceana: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base on Midway. Exploration of West Antarctica continues. The navy also claims several islands near New Zealand (OTL Auckland, Chatham, and Macquarie Islands).
 * Colony of Kinshasa: With the incorporated French colony, continues to expand its lumber and mining companies with cheap labor picked up from surrounding natives. An organized government forms along with some small villages. The border expands inward 750 px.


 * Romania: In Moldavia and Dobruja, we begin agricultural industrialisation. We build more factories in our nation. More collectivisation occurs. Tractors begin to be used on farms. We export many agricultural goods to our Communist allies. We fight along the Ardelean Line.
 * Emeraldie: The land forces stand at 90,000 men, with 70,000 in reserve, modernisation of the armed forces is completed. Vast industrial expansion occurs in the region following years of government encouragement and subsidies. We expand 800 px into the continent's interior. Work continues on construction of the Emerald Canal (current estimates show it will be completed by 1914) and vast expansion of oil production begins after the government provides subsidies to entrepreneurs. With the booming economy, the government begins investing heavily in education and infrastructure. In other new the first domestically produced cars are built, with companies taking advantage of the growing petrol supply. The government continues the rebuilding effort. The emeraldian government offers support for any non-Communist nations in the upcoming war, these include reduced oil prices and a land lease policy. We expand our armaments factories to meet the land lease policy targets. The government announces the creation of the Royal Air Corp, taking advantage of the new technology. However, at the moment most planes are donated and are used for reconnaissance.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories: A legislative parliament is created to take care of local issues. The South Pacific station is expanded with new modern ships. The territory government is granted the ability to control a small armed force to maintain peace in the region and protect from native aggression, its current numbers are around 8000 men.
 * Peoples Republic of China: With Japan aiding Qinghai, we begin to be pushed out of Qinghai, despite the Qinghai advance being slow. Wanting not to lose the war, we request aid from all Eurasian nations, even promising aid for Rome if they help us. We continue to spread propaganda throughout Qinghai, hoping to send them into civil war. We declare full mobilisation, putting the total force of our military at five million. We offer to open peace negotiations with Japan, accepting our defeat.
 * Imperial Japanese Diplomacy: We accept the PRC's declaration of surrender, ending the war, and enter in negoation with the PRC.
 * Mexaca continues to industrialize, and is growing in strength.
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: The Navy's airships are deployed for the first time to the front this year, proving themselves to be. Dry useful for both reconnaissance and bombing raids. Another ten are ordered by the admiralty. At the same time, the army begins its testing of aeroplanes, using designs inspired by other countries. The war generally continues. In other news, OHG surveyors charting Spitzbergen (Svalbard) discover large coal deposits throughout the archipelago. The news is kept highly secret, only being passed on to the Board of the OHG, the Premier, and the Duke. In political news, elections are held for the Landtag. The Catholic Bloc remains the strongest party, followed by the Socialists, thus ensuring the Landtag's support for Premier Br Friederich Ritter von Schuhmacher. The Konservativen have, however, greatly increased their share of the seats, to the detriment of the established coalition. Their relative success is attributed to the party's violently anti-Communist platform and support from wealthy interests.
 * Commonwealth Lordship of Neu Norderney: The Lordship continues with the war. The authorities are very interested in Oldenburg's airship experiments, and very soon a plan is conceived for a regular Trans-Atlantic airship service, to supplement the bi-weekly steamer packet. Naturally, the plan will have to remain shelved for the duration of the war. A small number of submarines begin construction in Jacqueline's dockyards, which the newly established Neu Norderney Admiralty hope will form the nucleus of a small but effective independent navy (Neu Norderney still relies heavily on Oldenburger and other German naval protection, so much so that Oldenburg still stations its Borealia Squadron in Jacqueline Harbour).
 * Morocco: The Sultanate of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 500,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 16 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 1.1 million soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships, 14 frigates, 14 cruisers and 18 destroyers. Continue mass building of early fighters and bombers on military airports, which later added into Moroccan Air Force. The nation expends south by 16,000 sq km, with a few new cities being built. Roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Morocco declares neutrality in the Great War. Fewer museums, colleges and more houses, schools, hospitals, power plants and mining plants are built. The mining plants produces materials coal, iron and now gold and copper, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. The telephone/communications and mosaics industries continue to grow under a few large monopolies. With parts of the country hooked up to electricity, few middle class citizens and rich citizens have light in their homes. The telegraph is popular with the rich and business people. The telephone is popular with the rich people of society. The first Moroccan built airship is built, and Tank Reach begins, planning to finished in 1918. A few docks and mosques are built. The Moroccan Navy continues building a series of armored destroyers, cruisers and cargo ships which destroyers later added to Moroccan Navy and cargo ships are for trade and for future tensions. Trade with various major European powers decides economic boom of Morocco and Morocco's largest exports are mosaics and largest imports are mostly food. Artillery becomes more widely used in combat and more industries continues building a series of wartime artillery, which later added it to Moroccan Armed Forces. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and one new railway line is opened in service. Sultan Abdelaziz continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. Morocco continues building a few military camps for soldiers living at Moroccan-German border and Moroccan-Spanish border.
 * Spain  continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities led to more people moving to the cities. The buildings rise higher and the trains run faster, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Barcelona and Madrid. Cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Boats and guns and cars. Spain begins to mass troops along the border with France and increases patrols around the entire coast of Spain. Spain continues to commission destroyers and increases the number of battle ready battleships in the Royal Armada. More artillery stuff. Carlo Ferreira continues to develop aeroplanes and makes great advances. The Spanish government condemns the Communist nations. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain continues to advocate the expansion of the anti-Communist league. The Spanish colony of West Africa expands 8000 sq km north in the west and east, totaling 16,000 sq km. Croats in Dahomey retain their rights. Dahomey expands 8000 sq km into the interior of Africa. The Spanish colony in southwest Africa expands 8000 sq km inland as well. In the French front, Spain deploys armored vehicles unlike anything ever seen before. They roll across France to limited success, as they still have many flaws. Cool name for tanks coming later. Also, Spain launches more dreadnoughts. Armed planes fight in France sort of. Dogfights and the such. France falls and a Spanish diplomatic entourage goes to Stuttgart to present Spanish post-war terms. FREE OCCITANIA. #NoMoreWikiaChanges

'''Imperial Japan: The PRC has surrendered and has accepted their defeat, thus the Japanese-PRC War ends and the Imperial Japanese Foreign Minister Kogan Riyu attends the peace conference in the PRC's capital and the soldiers return home and are hailed as national heroes. However, Imperial Japan notices the break down of law and order in Russia and considers the Treaty of Vladivostock to be null and void, for a new oppressive government has taken over, and thus Imperial Japan is forced to intervene upon the Tartar/Siberian Separatists in their struggle against this tyranical new government that is oppressing them, and thus we declare war on the current government of Russia and invade from Japanese Siberia with two million soldiers. Meanwhile, the book on the Russo-Japanese War is published, and our soldiers are trained based on that book. The Emperor looks out of his window into the shining pearly sea of Tokyo and addresses his people. Foreign Minister Kogan Riyu and the Emperor himself signs the Treaty of  '''Urajiosutoku, ending the Russo-Japanese War and ushering a new era of peace and prosperity with Russia and our men return home and are hailed as national heroes. However, there is a new threat on the horizon, the PRC, which has invaded Qinghai, and thus we are forced to declare war on the PRC per the Treaty of Beijing. After successfuly defending Qinghai, we invade the PRC with two million troops. Foreign Minister Riyu signs the Treaty of Midway, ushering a new era of peace and prosperity in the Pacific and results in an economic boom thanks to an increase in trade in the Pacific. We also observe the various wars that the world is falling into, and we prepare for a massive war by investing our new found money into a massive military build up as well as improving our economy by improving our trade routes/  Our condolensces go out to the dead Caliph. As the new century dawns, so does the new Empire of Japan with the implementation of the treaty of Beijing Japan. When Emperor Raijingusan was born the empire was a collection of Japan proper and a couple of ports, but now Japan is a shining empire in the Pacific, and is now considered a superpower in terms of vast greatness in not only territory, but also infrastructure, art, science, engineering literature, and education. The Emperor’s dream for Japan is fufilled, and as a result of the new century and new Japanese Empire there is a surge of nationalism. On the topic of literature, the book on the First-Sino Japanese War is published as well as the book “On the History of Japanese War history” and “On the History of Imperial Japan” is published. Emperor Rajiangstan himself attended New Munich, and noted “This city is a spectacular city, with lights gleaming over the fresh lakes, twinkling in the twilight, with the telephone that connects two voices from a far, and the kaleidoscope that has me see a beautiful rainbow of colors, indeed New Munich is a beacon upon a hill, and I hope Japan adopts the Borelian model of modernization.” The Emperor also returns to Tokyo, signs the Treaty of the Hague and the Treaty of Beijing, only to die, ushering an era of peace. “I was born, destined for something great, and something great I became, for I have made Japan the pinnacle of hope and light, sharing the greatness of the rising sun, to all four corners of the world. I may die today, but the Empire of Japan shall be eternal.” There is a massive memorial service held in Emperor Rajiangstan’s honor, and his first son, Emperor Heiwa to Han'ei, succeeds him, and begins to adopt the Borealian model of industrialization, trying to make Tokyo like New Munich. Seeing the German Empire quickly hand over IndoChina, Japan declares war upon and invades Spain. The Empire of Japan offers an ultimatum to the German Empire, cede Indochina to us, offer us a ten-year NAP, and give us trading rights to the German Pacific colonies of Brunei and Australia. In a major speech in Kyoto, later repeated in Tokyo, the Emperor of Japan says "With Japanese dominance secured in the Pacific as a result of their deals with Germany and Spain we turn to our new enemy, the Communist Russians. The Communists threaten our very existance as a nation and we attack them to ensure Japanese dominance and political hegemony in the Pacific and Asia. We call upon two million able-bodied young men to bring honor to your family, friends, nation, and empire and invade the Communist menance from Japanese Siberia."
 * Algeria: Expands 5000 sq km south as part of the nationalistic campaign to become a great nation on the African continent. Military technology is brought in from Spain, as well as other things. Berbers are satisfied with their legal conditions now. Fabran government remains in power.
 * Singapore: Also begins to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain. Singapore also greatly benefits from the newly re-invigorated trade in the region. Singapore continues to accumulate wealth as a center of trade and all that nonsense.
 * Russia: Polunin dies by assassination, the bullet of an Anarchist, as his motorcade. People don't mourn him like Ayernov. The wars on both fronts go horribly.Millions die, and the peasants, those who know someone who died, have enough. People riot in open distraught, only to be put down by blood and sword. The revolution is over, many think, the state has lost its initial values. Meanwhile, the government splits in two, forming separate blocs as the ayernovist Anarcho-Communists and the pro-Polunin revisionists, . These pro-ayernov members are actively persecuted and purged. In November, the former Tartary occupied areas declare independence, But things really hit rock bottom on December 14th, when open warfare between the two Communist alliances, as well as pro democracy, orthodox fundamentalists, and Tartar separatists pick up weaponry. In Siberia, the trans-SIberian railroad is blown up again by Tartar Separatists. The Ayernov statue is blown up by The Theocrats. The Massacre of Pleskov occurs, where chemical weapons are used against civilians. The grand expirement has failed. But many people want a second chance. The pro-ayernovist Anarcho-Communists, supported by the naval remnants, flee to Africa, settling at the unclaimed mouth of the Lukuledi River. Starting as a population of 4000 military officers and officers, it gains the name of simply "The Republic" after the famed work of Plato. Development of basic infrastructure and housing complexes begins in said Republic. Meanwhile, war with Japan officially ends.
 * Caliphate drastically improves infrastructure, industry and economy. As we seek to protect our possessions, we become less expansionist into foreign cultures and lands. We continue westernization efforts especially in urban, developed regions, such as Baghdad. As with every year, we maintain our two Holy cities and donate a small amount of our income to charity, especially to the poor: beggars, widows, and more of the like. We maintain our military, but the military becomes less emphizied with the signing of the pan-Asian pact, which protects the Caliphate from any foreign invasion and threats. We improve relations with the Afghans, hoping to bring them into the Pact in the near future. With the death of Caliph Hakeem bin Malik many of our young citizens call him the "Magnificent", specifically for his republican reforms, implementing the Shura. With the westernization and increasing democratic power, we begin, on a small scale, implementing railroads, especially connecting urban cities and regions. We also begin construction of a small scale Ironclad fleet, as there is no need for a large, because of the protection of India and Japan. With the full implementation and the construction of roads, postal service, railroads, transportation and news travels faster than ever, allowing the unity of the Caliphate. We begin to encourage urban cities sto start developing their own newspapers, as along with the arrival of radios into the Caliphate, due to the Westernization Effort. We continue to support the idea of the Caliphate as a pan-Islamic state, not Pan-Arabic. The Government completely reforms, seeking Hakeem's dream of a truly democratic Caliphate. A new office is created: Sultan. The Caliph becomes only the religious leader of the Caliphate, with the Sultan being elected from the Shura. We accept the alliance Morocco offered. The Caliphate begins to become federalized, with every province of the Caliphate holding a small amount of power. We continue to attempt to convert Shia Muslims, even bribing local religious leaders to begin to teach Sunni beliefs. We postpone the treaty of Isfahan until hostilaties are solved. As of 1909, the Islamic Caliphate, hegemon of the Arabia and Iran, continue the war for liberation of Muslims in the Roman Levant. One of the last words of the Prophet: Conquer the Romans, many are inspired by the current war and the state exploits it as propaganda as thousands of pious young men flock to recruitment. As with the Treaty of Isfahan in haitus, we go ahead and reform our policies of colonies and the colonies theirselves in Africa, changing specifically borders. The Offensive against the Roman Empire continues but due to relatively low results, and mass casualities on both sides, the Caliphate secretly starts negotiations with the Roman Empire.
 * Ban Republic of Croatia (Banska Republika Hrvatska): Sewerage systems similar to Ragusan ones are built in major towns of theBan Republic. With growing Ragusan influence, and the beginning of further colonization, the navy expands rapidly using much of the Ragusan expertise. Moreover, with the influx of new resources in form of lumber, labour and metals, the navy begins expanding at a fast rate. More and more ships capable of crossing the Atlantic with ease are built. The Sabor intends to restore the glorious naval culture of the Neretva peoples and plans to do so by expanding the navy. The kravata (tie) is more and more used as an accessory. Trade routes are strengthened and the salt mines around Tuzla are explored as well as the salt industry in Pag and Nin. Using irrigation from the Danube, Sava, Drava, Drina, Cetina, Una, Vrbaš, Kupa, Neretva and other rivers the fields in the kingdom are developed, used for crops such as wheat, rye and barley. With trade routes increasing and Croatia entering an era of peace and of stability, the development of new trade ships is issued. Stone mining is furthered as well as the timber industry. The need for these resources rises as urbanization carries on. Iron ores in Dugopolje, Zenice and at last the 'mud' ore in Vojvodina and Eastern Slavonia are to be exploited alongside the silver and copper ores more frequently and of better quality than the iron ores. The exploitation of iron ores in the Lika and Gorski kotar areas continues. The salt industry in Ston is funded by the government. The influx of resources from Dahomey aids the economy. However, the government makes sure that the gold arriving isn't immediately put on the market in order to control the inflation in the worth of gold. The silver mine in Srebrenica is mined. Kotor Saraka (Adelaide) continues to expand. Draganić continues his research. The war with Poland draws to an end and Croatia as well as the rest of the Slavic League begin writing up a treaty.
 * Isles of the Archvoivodeship (Otoci Nadvojvodstva): The infrastructure is built up.
 * Ban Republic of Carantania (Banska Republika Karantanija): Being Alpine Slavic nation, the leaders begin a programme to create a standardized Carantanian language that will reflect on both the Slavic and Alpine (Germanic) aspects of Carantania.
 * Sukadang Županija: Croatization. Expansion onto the other parts of Borneo.
 * Croatian Africa: Continues to expand.
 * Empire of Northern China: With the Signing of the Treaty of Beijing Manchuria and Northern China are merged, establishing the Empire of Northern China, with Emperor Wu, Emperor Rajiangstan’s second son, as Emperor. Major reforms are enacted and there is immediate construction to railroads, schools, hospitals, homes, factories, ports, and cities in order to rebuild Northern China after the war. Mining operations also continue. the Empire is also noted as one of the most diverse places in the Japanese Empire. We invest in developing the cities of Beijing and Tianjin. Emperor Waizu marries into the the Qing Dynasty, restoring the dynasty of the Manchu Empire of old.
 * Japanese Formosa: We invest in Formosa by implementing a massive railroad construction program as well as port construction to further the transportation of Formosa. We implement a program of both industry and agriculture in Formosa, with the industry being for Japan and the agriculture being for Formosa. We also make massive public education reform in Formosa. Industry also speeds up as a result of the wartime economy. Eco/Mil turn. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Shanghai: We industrialize Shanghai and upgrade its port and infrastructure, including education. We have Shanghai specialize in shipbuilding and trading, making it a hub for trade in East Asia. We rapidly increase port building to make this city a hub for trade.
 * Northern Philippines: We welcome the former French Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Southern Philippines: We welcome the former Hamburgian Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Siberia: We welcome the former Tartary territory into our empire and we begin an extensive program to rebuild the area after the war by expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. We also expan the economy of the area. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Jiangsu: Major rebuilding reforms are enacted and there is immediate construction to railroads, schools, hospitals, homes factories, ports, and cities in order to rebuild Northern China after the war. We also construct a major irrigation system of Jiangsu and farm crops such as rice and wheat and make industry based on textiles and food and develop Shanghai and Nanking as important major cities.
 * Guangdong: We begin developing the infrastructure of Guangdong by implementing major reform, and we build railroads, factories, schools, hospitals, homes, ports, and cities. In order to fuel this, we focus on developing the ports in the Pearl Delta River region making them a hub for trade in the Pacific. We open the Pearl River Delta to other nations in the Pacific and are willing to make a trade deal with them.


 * Empire of Lanka: The Lankan government focuses on industrialization. Accelerated industrialization in Lanka continues. The Edict of 1891 and Waardige Accord stay in effect. Dutch architecture, arts, and culture have had a permanent effect on Lankan culture, although Lankan culture still remains with its own identity. The army remains one of the most modern in Asia due to the permanent result of European military from the Dutch throughout the protectorate. As the populations move to the cities, more and more men are recruited in the Lankan army. The parliament enacts nationwide conscription to reform the military, requiring all able-bodied men above twenty-one need to have at least eight years in active service, following by three years in the reserves. As the populations move to the cities, more and more men are recruited in the Lankan army. The most recent census taken in 1860, accounts for 2,992,224 citizens. The trade ports on the island remain in heavy use with expansion of trade in Asia. Significant urbanization causes the cities of Waardige, Sri Jaywardenepura Kotte, Kandy, Kalmunai, and Galle, to be flooded with people. Waardige continues to be a trade, technological and industrial center in Asia. The complex Waardige canal system sees fall in use as more and more it becomes outdated due to changes in ships. The Island Spoorwegmaatschappij starts massive construction of railroads across the islands. Religion in the empire continues to be mixed with the three main religions of Hinduism, Buddhism and Dutch Reformist being worshipped on the main island while there are a few animist natives on Nava Kotte. The Lankan navy still holds warships that were supplied during the protectorat. The provincie system instituted in 1773 is changed to be less feudal and more bureaucratic, which basically turns them into an administrative division. The the title of the head of the provincie is changed from Count to Emperor's Commissioner. The King's Commissioner is also the head of the parliament (provinciale staten) in the provincie. Along with there being provinciale statens, a main parliament is also created. This main parliament will be assembled on the Emperor's command, and is used to decide issues, create public projects, and pass laws for the whole empire. Last year the emperor called the main parliament to discuss the issue of public education and the idea of the creating a constitution. The Emperor and the parliament passed the Compulsory Education Act of 1886, which states that education in Lanka for the ages of five to ten is compulsory. In elementary school the children learn Sinhala and Dutch (reading and writing) and basic mathematics. Also incorporated in this act is an edict against children working over thirteen hours a day. The emperor and parliament also created a constitution that officially set up the bureaucratic system. Last year parliament wanted to start to pursue a policy of faster industrialization, and to do this they passed the Edict of 1888 which abolished the caste system and slavery as well. Lankan industrial funding is used to build factories in the capital first, and then creating factories across major cities in the empire. To assist accelearted industrialization, Lanka tries to define its national unity. The government establishes the national language to be Sinhalese, and enforces this in schools. Buddhism continues to be the national religion and is inserted into the national curriculum. Lanka starts massively producing and exporting cigars (and other uses for tobacco), rubber, and mining diamonds and other precious gems. Galle continues to be fit by the Germans to build ironclads. Ironclads continue being purchased from the Germans. Lanka signs an alliance and trade pact with Spain, and a separate trade pact is signed with India. Seeing international reactions on the Tamil language ban, the Emperor modifies the law in the Edict of 1904. The edict states that Tamil is allowed to be spoken everywhere, but only written in public places in Tamil majority areas, and on Tamil religious buildings. The Empire begins to modernize its military by purchasing weapons from Japan and Rome, and specifically the Maxim Gun from India. The empire states that it will remain neutral in the current wars thus far. No draft occurrs, but the empire does make defense preparations in case of the invasion of the island.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures toward Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself toward the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman and Vlachian forces move in, securing the southern part of the country and stopping at the Wallachian-Moldavian border, as per the compromise between the Communists and Monarchists. Support for the true Vlachian government rises, and the Roman Empire provides the southern government the resources it needs to get itself back on its feet. To help stabilize its northern border, train cars full of weapons and ammo are sent to Croatia, hopefully to bolster that front. The rebel Syrians are seen as an annoyance, and as such local forces are tasked with putting them down. Troops are stationed in Syria after the cancellation of the supposed alliance, and alliances with Georgia and Assyria are affirmed again. With war declared upon the Roman Empire, the Roman Empire declares war in return and requests that all of its allies join in the defense. The military and economy are put on total war footing and all needed efforts to help the war effort are taken.
 * Tartar Empire:  The fall of the Tartary is a huge surprise, and many officials fled to Roman lands. However, the Roman Empire was able to set up a puppet government claiming legitimacy from the remnants of the Tartary. The Tartar royal family is installed as the leaders of this puppet state, with much of the government based on that of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire does what it can to industrialize and modernize the puppet state, which effectively only controls the Black Sea coast. Effort is put entirely into the army, as there is no power that can challenge the might of the Roman navy in the Black Sea. Demoralized remnants of the Tartar Army along with volunteers are trained by Roman officers to help get the state back on its feet.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The Franqi brothers begin experimenting with the idea of heavier-than-air flight, but the task is daunting and will take some time to perfect a flying device. They manage to create a working model which flies for several seconds. However, it isn't impressive enough and they continue their work. Following the outbreak of war, the Reman Empire declares war on France and sends troops to help the Spanish in their front.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started to be worked on.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started to be worked on.

1913
''' The Great War has largely ended on the battlefield, with the general 12/12/12 Armistice being established on all front lines as diplomats and statesmen negotiate behind closed doors. '''

''' The Great War has killed millions of soldiers and has deeply affected global thought. Technology has lept forward in the ability to for Humans to kill other Humans. '''

''' Communism as an ideology has largely been discredited as a result of the war. Many Communist parties see a drop in membership. Only Transitional Communism, with its slow drawn-out approach, survives largely untouched. '''


 * The Seven Commonwealth Kingdoms: New Mecklenburg, German West Africa, and Kameroon expand by 750 px each. The rejoice of the German victory in the Great War is overshadowed in the Commonwealth Kingdoms by the death of Emperor Mary at 74 years old. The funeral procession travels through the United German capital of Marystadt toward the train station, where her body is loaded to be taken to Hamburg City. When the train arrives at the Hamburg station, the streets have already been cleared so the procession can proceed to Duke Karl Cathedral. Thousands of people line the sidewalks to pay their respects, many waving the flags of the Commonwealth Kingdoms or that of Germany as a whole. Toward the end, the civilians give way to military attendees who salute as the casket passes, then in the final leg, giving way to the members of the various Houses of Lords of her realm, dressed in full regalia. As her casket passes, each Lord draws his or her ceremonial sword, puts the tip on the ground in front of them, and drops to one knee in a final show of dedication to the person who they swore their allegiance. After the funeral, the previous heir-apparent, Karl, Prince of Hanover, announces he will not accept the Crown, same with his twin sister, Sophia, Princess of Königsberg, who cites her disability following a carriage accident as a teenager. So, Mary's third and youngest child, Friedrich, Prince of Kassel, reluctantly accepts and takes the King's Oath, taking the Regnal name Friedrich V.
 * Commonwealth States of Bavaria, Austria, Venezia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Saxony, Swabia, and Bremen:  The Augsburg Diet continues to operate, being able to pass universal female suffrage in 1896. In military news, the Governor-General allows the training of more troops and research into modern military technology. In other news, Germany annexes Alsace and Lorraine, incorporating them as Duchies. We mourn the death of Emperor Mary, and prepare to vote on a new Emperor. In Bavarian news, Klaudia Mikelssen launches a campaign for the Assembly, hoping to earn a seat. She remains very popular in her home district, and a victory is likely. We occupy the Autonomous Region of Burgundy, starting our ten year occupation period.


 * Indian Empire: Queen Farah Shah was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 441,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented on ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of India, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones, bulbs, electricity. The Indians finally develop the very first tank, introducing the Agni I into the Indian Empire. However, by now the armstrice had been signed and negotiations were largely over. Regardless, the new weapon was seen as effective tool to be used in warfare and the Indian Queen immediately summoned the Emperor of Japan and Caliph of the Caliphate to Kolkata. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 70.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 50.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Punjabs exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 40.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagars exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Indian Overseas Territories: Aceh, Mauritius, Tromelin and Reunion.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science. The Hyundai Motor Company releases the Hyundai A1 to the market, and in the meantime continues to make more cars.
 * Ruthenia: Ruthenia declares war on the chaotic remnants of Russia when units of the former Communist Russian Army cross the Ruthenian border and seize a small town. The disorganized rabble, little more than bandits, is quicky defeated by the Ruthenian Army. Most of the former Russian soldiers are either captured or killed. It was then revealed they were fleeing from a former Russian General who intends on conquering Ruthenia and turning it into his personal kingdom. They reveal that he had gone completely mad after the Civil War began, as he now claims that he is a Prophet of the Lord. The so-called "Prophet Mikhail" preaches a savage and demented bastardization of Christianity. The "Mikhailites" practice a version of communion much more literal than any orthodox form of Christianity. They brutally murder Russian peasants and feast on their flesh and drink their blood. They do this because Russia is caught up in a terrible famine, and the Mad "Prophet" had decided that the weak mush be fed to keep up the strength of the warriors. The Ruthenians become more determined to see the defeat of the Mad Prophet to save the Russians from living under the rule of the mad man.
 * Borealia_Flag_2.pngUnion of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Electrical power continues to spread, although one scientist claims to have created better light by conducting gas. A theory of quanta is developed to explain phenomenon as smaller levels, and more theories follow to develop machines at this level. Tanks continue to be developed. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Airplanes begin to be built on the Remen design in Pannenstiel. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast. This year the Curia authorizes the creation of the Borealian Aeronautics Engineering Laboratory (BAEL) to administer over developments in airplanes and other flying machines. Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. Support continues to be given to the Republican rebels in China. In sympathy for the oppression of Communism in Europe, a small Communist Party emerges this year in New Vienna. These people are viewed suspiciously, however, as Communism usually has no place in Borealian culture. We ask Spain to aid us in a joint Antarctic expedition to the South Pole.
 * The State of Australia: The state greatly increases this year by beginning joint control over the colony of New Mecklenburg, provided by Germany on the provision of ceding the whole colony by 1929. The capital of the state is centered at Dandiri (OTL Brisbane), which administer over all land settlements and the Luwrit Sea (OTL Tasman Sea). Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry. Settlements begin to grow around the Lake Eyre region. With respect to the German colonial government, we ask Croatia to purchase the part of the outback north of Lake Eyre.
 * The Commonwealth of Oceana: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base on Midway. Exploration of West Antarctica continues. The navy also claims several islands near New Zealand (OTL Auckland, Chatham and Macquarie Islands).
 * Colony of Kinshasa: With the incorporated French colony, continues to expand its lumber and mining companies with cheap labor picked up from surrounding natives. An organized government forms along with some small villages. The border expands inward 750 px.
 * Hawaii: Improvements from economy and military. Meanwhile, some orders in military, could expect some good troops to deliver, the navy has some good ships. In meantime, some bases could be a factor, as we expect some more improvements in following year and beyond.
 * The Union of Borealia continues to help improve Hawaii's military from the bases in the Commonwealth of Oceana, in accordance with the Treaty of Midway.
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: The nation celebrates the end of the war, with street parties breaking out spontaneously. Soldiers and sailors begin returning home, except for those involved in the occupations. The government and industrialists are very keen to start using the new technologies developed during the war. The OHG purchases mining rights for the Abenteuerfjord Region from the government, and begins putting a team of mining experts and miners together. Mining operations are expected to begin next year. The economy is worked on.
 * Commonwealth Lordship of Neu Norderney: With the war over, normality returns to Neu Norderney. The government orders ten passenger/cargo rigid airships from the Oldenburger naval works for the planned Trans-Atlantic air link.


 * Romania: In Moldavia and Dobruja, we begin agricultural industrialisation. We build more factories in our nation. More collectivisation occurs. Tractors begin to be used on farms. With the war ending, we hold talks with Vlachia on the reunion of the two states.
 * Romanian Diplomacy: We open talks with Rome and Vlachia for the Reunion of Romania.
 * The Republic: Work on its capital begins, taking the name Sokratgrad. Thousands of refugees from all walks of life appear in its borders. Communists and Anarchists from Poland and France, as well as countries where such people are oppressed, see the Republic as a new beginning for civilization. Also appearing are escaped political prisoners, and native africans fleeing their own nations oppression or colonial rule. This mass migration gains the name the Red émigré, and the state swells to 600,000 by the end of the year  The government becomes a fusion of Plato's thought and that of Ivan Ayernov, while the society is ruled by a select few Philosophers and statesman, the regime is given little control over the state as a whole. Private property is abolished. The Anarchists find much of this rather displeasing. However, for many it is their best option. Communities organize in the same way, and justice is carried out by said communities. The Republic begins to expand inland to support the ever growing population, many of whom hold an agricultural background.
 * Morocco: The Sultanate of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 500,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 16.5 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 1,100,000 soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships, 14 frigates, 15 cruisers and 20 destroyers. Continue building a series of early fighters, bombers and now a few airships on military airports, which later added into Moroccan Air Force. The nation expends south by 16,000 sq km, with a few new cities being built. Roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Morocco declares neutrality in the Great War. Fewer museums, colleges and more houses, schools, hospitals, power plants and mining plants are built. The mining plants produces materials coal, iron and now gold and copper, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. The telephone/communications and mosaics industries continue to grow under a few large monopolies. With parts of the country hooked up to electricity, few middle class citizens and rich citizens have light in their homes. The telegraph is popular with the rich and business people. The telephone is popular with the rich people of society. A few docks and mosques are built. The Moroccan Navy continues building a series of armored destroyers, cruisers and cargo ships which destroyers later added to Moroccan Navy and cargo ships are for trade and for future tensions. Trade with various major European powers decides economic boom of Morocco and Morocco's largest exports are mosaics and largest imports are mostly food. Artillery becomes more widely used in combat and more industries continues building a series of wartime artillery, which later added it to Moroccan Armed Forces. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and few new railway lines is opened in service. Sultan Abdelaziz continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. Morocco continues building a few military camps for soldiers living at Moroccan-German border and Moroccan-Spanish border.


 * Mongolia: In both Mongolia and Chagtai industry is heavily improved. Because of a growing Japanese threat over the border between Mongolia and Manchuria, as well as the sudden collapse of our economic and political partners in the North, reverses the course of Mongolian Socialism in favor of a new policy of economic gradualism and build-up of the national defence. The military is fully mobilized and continues vigorous training in Mongolia, where defensive fortresses are being created. Additionally the nation begins military intervention in Siberia to protect the nation’s interest. Within a few months thousands of Russians have fled into our border, and the Mongolian high command has merged with the Russian high command against foreign invaders. Poluninists and some Tartars align with the Mongolians, and war continues across Siberia. We explicitly stress that we do not condemn the Japanese intervention, but rather work concurrently against secessionist movements and other radicals. In Novosibirsk a puppet government created that isn’t entirely Poluninist, but rather democratic in nature. Officially a republic, the nation of Siberia is still heavily Communist leaning politically, and under a temporary military government. All of geographic Russian Siberia is eventually included within the republic, and fighting spreads into the west. The Krasnoyarsk Accords are signed later this year which create a compromise with the secessionist Tartars, creating a state in the Ural region known as the Transirtysh Republic, which is also temporarily under Mongolian and Communist occupation.
 * Algonquia is deluged with refugees from France, mainly leftists fleeing the defeat of the people's republic who wish to flee to a sympathetic nation with longtime ties with France. Asylum is provided to all such refugees, along with Algonquian citizenship. The refugees provide new skills and knowledge, notably engineer Jean Datour, who sets up a firm to manufacture aircraft, creating Algonquia's first airplane this year. The government orders several aircraft for testing, but remains more heavily focused on airships. In this year's elections, Transitional Communists gain control of the Council of Sachems, and form a grand coalition with the Tribal Socialists, isolating the centrist Liberal-Socialists. Kapapamahchakwew, Transitional Communist leader, becomes High Sachem. With passage already established to the Zollern Insels, airship owners become interested in establishing a trans-Atlantic link, and ask the Portugese government to provide the European end of such a link. (MOD RESPONSE PLEASE)
 * Zollern Insels continue to prosper economically, growing cash crops for Algonquia. Some tension over fishing rights grows with New Guernsey.
 * Sahtudene and the colony of Kitlineq expand the maximum amount.
 * Spain  continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities led to more people moving to the cities. The buildings rise higher and the trains run faster, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Barcelona and Madrid. Cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Boats and guns and cars. Spain begins to mass troops along the border with France and increases patrols around the entire coast of Spain. Spain continues to commission destroyers and increases the number of battle ready battleships in the Royal Armada. More artillery stuff. Carlo Ferreira continues to develop aeroplanes and makes great advances. The Spanish government condemns the Communist nations. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain continues to advocate the expansion of the anti-Communist League. The Spanish colony of West Africa expands 8000 sq km north in the west and east, totaling 16,000 sq km. Croats in Dahomey retain their rights. Dahomey expands 8000 sq km into the interior of Africa. The Spanish colony in southwest Africa expands 8000 sq km inland as well. In the French front, Spain deploys armored vehicles unlike anything ever seen before. They roll across France to limited success, as they still have many flaws. Cool name for tanks coming later. Also, Spain launches more dreadnoughts. Armed planes fight in France sort of. Dogfights and the such. France falls and a Spanish diplomatic entourage goes to Stuttgart to present Spanish post-war terms. FREE OCCITANIA. #NoMoreWikiaChanges

Imperial Japan: Imperial Japanese Foreign Minister Kogan Riyu signs the Krasnoyak Accords, dividing Russia and officially ending the Second Russo-Japanese War and we achieve much diplomatically. However, some things are still needed to be accounted for. With peace finally now achieved, our soldiers return home and we rebuild our military from the years of war, introducing dreadnoughts to our military and begin developing aeroplanes. We also begin to rebuild our economy on a massive scale. The PRC has surrendered and has accepted their defeat, thus the Japanese-PRC War ends and the Imperial Japanese Foreign Minister Kogan Riyu attends the peace conference in the PRC's capital and the soldiers return home and are hailed as national heroes. However, Imperial Japan notices the break down of law and order in Russia and considers the Treaty of Vladivostock to be null and void, for a new oppressive government has taken over, and thus Imperial Japan is forced to intervene upon the Tartar/Siberian Separatists in their struggle against this tyranical new government that is oppressing them, and thus we declare war on the current government of Russia and invade from Japanese Siberia with two million soldiers. Meanwhile, the book on the Russo-Japanese War is published, and our soldiers are trained based on that book. The Emperor looks out of his window into the shining pearly sea of Tokyo and addresses his people. Foreign Minister Kogan Riyu and the Emperor himself signs the Treaty of '''Urajiosutoku, ending the Russo-Japanese War and ushering a new era of peace and prosperity with Russia and our men return home and are hailed as national heroes. However, there is a new threat on the horizon, the PRC, which has invaded Qinghai, and thus we are forced to declare war on the PRC per the Treaty of Beijing. After successfuly defending Qinghai, we invade the PRC with two million troops. Foreign Minister Riyu signs the Treaty of Midway, ushering a new era of peace and prosperity in the Pacific and results in an economic boom thanks to an increase in trade in the Pacific. We also observe the various wars that the world is falling into, and we prepare for a massive war by investing our new found money into a massive military build up as well as improving our economy by improving our trade routes/  Our condolensces go out to the dead Caliph. As the new century dawns, so does the new Empire of Japan with the implementation of the treaty of Beijing Japan. When Emperor Raijingusan was born the empire was a collection of Japan proper and a couple of ports, but now Japan is a shining empire in the Pacific, and is now considered a superpower in terms of vast greatness in not only territory, but also infrastructure, art, science, engineering literature, and education. The Emperor’s dream for Japan is fufilled, and as a result of the new century and new Japanese Empire there is a surge of nationalism. On the topic of literature, the book on the First-Sino Japanese War is published as well as the book “On the History of Japanese War history” and “On the History of Imperial Japan” is published. Emperor Rajiangstan himself attended New Munich, and noted “This city is a spectacular city, with lights gleaming over the fresh lakes, twinkling in the twilight, with the telephone that connects two voices from a far, and the kaleidoscope that has me see a beautiful rainbow of colors, indeed New Munich is a beacon upon a hill, and I hope Japan adopts the Borelian model of modernization.” The Emperor also returns to Tokyo, signs the Treaty of the Hague and the Treaty of Beijing, only to die, ushering an era of peace. “I was born, destined for something great, and something great I became, for I have made Japan the pinnacle of hope and light, sharing the greatness of the rising sun, to all four corners of the world. I may die today, but the Empire of Japan shall be eternal.” There is a massive memorial service held in Emperor Rajiangstan’s honor, and his first son, Emperor Heiwa to Han'ei, succeeds him, and begins to adopt the Borealian model of industrialization, trying to make Tokyo like New Munich. Seeing the German Empire quickly hand over IndoChina, Japan declares war upon and invades Spain. The Empire of Japan offers an ultimatum to the German Empire, cede Indochina to us, offer us a ten-year NAP, and give us trading rights to the German Pacific colonies of Brunei and Australia. In a major speech in Kyoto, later repeated in Tokyo, the Emperor of Japan says "With Japanese dominance secured in the Pacific as a result of their deals with Germany and Spain we turn to our new enemy, the Communist Russians. The Communists threaten our very existance as a nation and we attack them to ensure Japanese dominance and political hegemony in the Pacific and Asia. We call upon two million able-bodied young men to bring honor to your family, friends, nation, and empire and invade the Communist menance from Japanese Siberia."'''
 * The Union of Borealia asks Spain for help on a joint Antarctic expedition in the near future.
 * Algeria expands 5000 sq km south as part of the nationalistic campaign to become a great nation on the African continent. Military technology is brought in from Spain, as well as other things. Berbers are satisfied with their legal conditions now. Fabran government remains in power. The southernmost parts of Algeria are broken off from the nation and given to Spain as a new Spanish colony. Algeria ceases southern expansion.
 * Singapore also begins to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain. Singapore also greatly benefits from the newly re-invigorated trade in the region. Singapore continues to accumulate wealth as a center of trade and all that nonsense.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures toward Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself toward the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman and Vlachian forces move in, securing the southern part of the country and stopping at the Wallachian-Moldavian border, as per the compromise between the Communists and Monarchists. Support for the true Vlachian government rises, and the Roman Empire provides the southern government the resources it needs to get itself back on its feet. To help stabilize its northern border, train cars full of weapons and ammo are sent to Croatia, hopefully to bolster that front. The rebel Syrians are seen as an annoyance, and as such local forces are tasked with putting them down. Troops are stationed in Syria after the cancellation of the supposed alliance, and alliances with Georgia and Assyria are affirmed again. The Russian Civil War opens a large opportunity, and Roman and Tartar troops flood in alongside Ruthenian and Japanese troops to help restore a new order to the region.
 * Tartar Empire:  The fall of the Tartary is a huge surprise, and many officials fled to Roman lands. However, the Roman Empire was able to set up a puppet government claiming legitimacy from the remnants of the Tartary. The Tartar royal family is installed as the leaders of this puppet state, with much of the government based on that of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire does what it can to industrialize and modernize the puppet state, which effectively only controls the Black Sea coast. Effort is put entirely into the army, as there is no power that can challenge the might of the Roman navy in the Black Sea. Demoralized remnants of the Tartar Army along with volunteers are trained by Roman officers to help get the state back on its feet.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The Franqi brothers begin experimenting with the idea of heavier-than-air flight, but the task is daunting and will take some time to perfect a flying device. They manage to create a working model which flies for several seconds. However, it isn't impressive enough and they continue their work. Following the outbreak of war, the Reman Empire declares war on France and sends troops to help the Spanish in their front.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started to be worked on.
 * Caliphate drastically improves infrastructure, industry and economy. As we seek to protect our possesions, we become less expansionist into foreign cultures and lands. We continue westernization efforts especially in urban, developed regions, such as Baghdad. As with every year, we maintain our two Holy cities and donate a small amount of our income to charity, especially to the poor: beggars, widows, and more of the like. We maintain our military, but the military becomes less emphazied with the signing of the pan-Asian pact, which protects the Caliphate from any foreign invasion and threats. We improve relations with the Afghans, hoping to bring them into the Pact in the near future. With the death of Caliph Hakeem bin Malik many of our young citizens call him the "Magnificent", specifically for his republican reforms, implementing the Shura. With the westernization and increasing democratic power, we begin, on a small scale, implementing railroads, especially connecting urban cities and regions. We also begin construction of a small scale Ironclad fleet, as there is no need for a large, because of the protection of India and Japan. With the full implementation and the construction of roads, postal service, railroads, transportation and news travels faster than ever, allowing the unity of the Caliphate. We begin to encourage urban cities sto start developing their own newspapers, as along with the arrival of radios into the Caliphate, due to the Westernization Effort. We continue to support the idea of the Caliphate as a pan-Islamic state, not Pan-Arabic. The Government completely reforms, seeking Hakeem's dream of a truly democratic Caliphate. A new office is created: Sultan. The Caliph becomes only the religious leader of the Caliphate, whose position is heredity, with the Sultan being elected from the Shura. We accept the alliance Morocco offered. The Caliphate begins to become federalized, with every province of the Caliphate holding a small amount of power. We continue to attempt to convert Shia Muslims, even bribing local religious leaders to begin to teach Sunni beliefs. With the war against the Romans ending with status quo ante bellum and restoration of all previous treaties, the Caliphate becomes desperate to look for new wealth. Fortunately, oil is found in the mountains of North-western Persia. we offer to many European countries that they westernize us in exchange for oil, specifically Croatia and the Scandinavians, possibly Germany, Spain, et cetera. We invite both Mongolia and secretly begin discussions within members of the Pact whether to invite Morocco, another Muslim nation, into the Pact, although isolated on the North-western coast of Africa. The Caliphate continues to head to democracy with the foundation set by Caliph Hakeem. 
 * United Nordic Republics
 * ​Republic of Denmark: Denmark capitalizes on the fall of Pskov. With money flowing into the Kattegat and out of Pskovian wallets, there is one undoubted ruler of the Baltic Seas now. Former Communists flee to Jutland since Denmark is a Socialist state. Prime Minister Albert Wagner celebrates the end of the Great War, condemning Communism as a perversion of state-sponsored welfare. He worries that the actions of France have harmed Socialist movements in Europe, setting them back decades. In the meantime, a new destroyer is added to the Danish navy. There are over 113 ships in total flying Danish colors.
 * Republic of Sweden: Sweden also sees profit in the fall of Pskov. With money flowing into the Kattegat and out of Pskovian wallets, there is one undoubted ruler of the Baltic Seas now. Telephone lines are built in Sweden as electricity is brought to the northern cities and towns of Sweden. The Republic of Sweden commissions two destroyers into the Swedish fleet. There are now over 200 ships flying Swedish colors. Sweden offers to westernize the Caliphate in exchange for oil.
 * Republic of Norway: Christjen Sigurson continues his term as president of the Norwegian Republic. Norway produces the Knulleskipetditt-Class protected cruiser, deciding the Stejt-Class is unfit for patrolling the North Sea and the open waters. Three are produced. In the meantime, Norway sends troops to the cause in the Winter War, congratulating Iceland on a victory. Christjen Sigurdson states the necessity of good relations with Algonquia and Borealia following this war. "Now that we've settled these differences, let's get back to making money." There are currently 193 ships flying Norwegian colors.
 * Republic of Finland: Jonna Kekkonnen visits the Karelian cities this year. She wishes to improve the cities of Karelja, forming the Karelja Initiative. In the meantime, landlines to Sweden and Norway are proposed. Construction is mid-way by Christmas this year. She sends money and foodstuff to Helluland in the Winter War. The Anaalihävityksen-Class protected cruiser is commissioned, though Finland is more interested in buying used ships from the Nordic Revolutions where applicable. The city of Helsinki sees drastic growth this year as urbanization in Finland continues. Kekkekon continues to fight for women's rights. There are 73 ships in Finland's navy. In the meantime, seeing Reme's success with powered flight, Finland considers recreating the experiment.
 * Commonwealth of Iceland: Iceland's immediate concern, the Winter War, seems to be over. The people of Iceland rejoice. Literacy programs in Iceland begin. According to the Alting, too many people 'can't figure out how to spell our damn words right.' Reykyjavik sees improvements this year. The University of Reykyjavik opens its doors in 1881. The university is noted for being the 'North Pole of Academia.' Speaking of the North Pole, expeditions are sent to the Arctic ice cap to investigate the North Pole. The navy of Iceland improves, with the Augapóker-Class cruiser being released this year. Iceland wishes to increase relations with Algonquia and Borealia, offering to re-open the embassy in Helluland and Reykjavik.
 * Republic of Finland: Jonna Kekkonnen visits the Karelian cities this year. She wishes to improve the cities of Karelja, forming the Karelja Initiative. In the meantime, landlines to Sweden and Norway are proposed. Construction is mid-way by Christmas this year. She sends money and foodstuff to Helluland in the Winter War. The Anaalihävityksen-Class protected cruiser is commissioned, though Finland is more interested in buying used ships from the Nordic Revolutions where applicable. The city of Helsinki sees drastic growth this year as urbanization in Finland continues. Kekkekon continues to fight for women's rights. There are 73 ships in Finland's navy. In the meantime, seeing Reme's success with powered flight, Finland considers recreating the experiment.
 * Commonwealth of Iceland: Iceland's immediate concern, the Winter War, seems to be over. The people of Iceland rejoice. Literacy programs in Iceland begin. According to the Alting, too many people 'can't figure out how to spell our damn words right.' Reykyjavik sees improvements this year. The University of Reykyjavik opens its doors in 1881. The university is noted for being the 'North Pole of Academia.' Speaking of the North Pole, expeditions are sent to the Arctic ice cap to investigate the North Pole. The navy of Iceland improves, with the Augapóker-Class cruiser being released this year. Iceland wishes to increase relations with Algonquia and Borealia, offering to re-open the embassy in Helluland and Reykjavik.
 * Empire of Northern China: With the Signing of the Treaty of Beijing Manchuria and Northern China are merged, establishing the Empire of Northern China, with Emperor Wu, Emperor Rajiangstan’s second son, as Emperor. Major reforms are enacted and there is immediate construction to railroads, schools, hospitals, homes, factories, ports, and cities in order to rebuild Northern China after the war. Mining operations also continue. the Empire is also noted as one of the most diverse places in the Japanese Empire. We invest in developing the cities of Beijing and Tianjin. Emperor Waizu marries into the the Qing Dynasty, restoring the dynasty of the Manchu Empire of old.
 * Japanese Formosa: We invest in Formosa by implementing a massive railroad construction program as well as port construction to further the transportation of Formosa. We implement a program of both industry and agriculture in Formosa, with the industry being for Japan and the agriculture being for Formosa. We also make massive public education reform in Formosa. Industry also speeds up as a result of the wartime economy. Eco/Mil turn. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Shanghai: We industrialize Shanghai and upgrade its port and infrastructure, including education. We have Shanghai specialize in shipbuilding and trading, making it a hub for trade in East Asia. We rapidly increase port building to make this city a hub for trade.
 * Northern Philippines: We welcome the former French Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Southern Philippines: We welcome the former Hamburgian Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Siberia: We welcome the former Tartary territory into our empire and we begin an extensive program to rebuild the area after the war by expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. We also expan the economy of the area. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Jiangsu: Major rebuilding reforms are enacted and there is immediate construction to railroads, schools, hospitals, homes factories, ports, and cities in order to rebuild Northern China after the war. We also construct a major irrigation system of Jiangsu and farm crops such as rice and wheat and make industry based on textiles and food and develop Shanghai and Nanking as important major cities.
 * Guangdong: We begin developing the infrastructure of Guangdong by implementing major reform, and we build railroads, factories, schools, hospitals, homes, ports, and cities. In order to fuel this, we focus on developing the ports in the Pearl Delta River region making them a hub for trade in the Pacific. We open the Pearl River Delta to other nations in the Pacific and are willing to make a trade deal with them.

1914
''' As the Great War ends, the world economy slowly starts to recover, although significant issues still remain and economic growth is uncertain. '''

''' The African French, now that Communist France has been defeated and France returned to a government of their liking, start protesting Roman rule. By the end of the year, regions of Africa have begun to revolt, enjoying popular support in majority French areas. '''
 * Indian Empire: Queen Farah Shah was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 441,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented on ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of India, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones, bulbs, electricity. The Indians finally develop the very first tank, introducing the Agni I into the Indian Empire. However, by now the armstrice had been signed and negotiations were largely over. Regardless, the new weapon was seen as effective tool to be used in warfare. Along the same time, victory parades are held and nationalism reaches its peak. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 70.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 50.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Punjabs exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 40.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagars exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Indian Overseas Territories: Aceh, Mauritius, Tromelin and Reunion.
 * Borealia_Flag_2.pngUnion of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Electrical power continues to spread, although one scientist claims to have created better light by conducting gas. A theory of quanta is developed to explain phenomenon as smaller levels, and more theories follow to develop machines at this level. Tanks continue to be developed. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Airplanes begin to be built on the Remen design in Pannenstiel. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast. Borealia annonces that it will host an International Air Race from Kristallstadt (OTL Salt Lake City) to Cahokie in 1916, to showcase each nation's aviation technology thus far. The first prize may be up to 1.2 million Stavratons. Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. Support continues to be given to the Republican rebels in China. In sympathy for the oppression of Communism in Europe, a small Communist Party emerges this year in New Vienna. These people are viewed suspiciously, however, as Communism usually has no place in Borealian culture. We ask Spain to aid us in a joint Antarctic expedition to the South Pole.
 * The State of Australia: The state greatly increases this year by beginning joint control over the colony of New Mecklenburg, provided by Germany on the provision of ceding the whole colony by 1929. The capital of the state is centered at Dandiri (OTL Brisbane), which administer over all land settlements and the Luwrit Sea (OTL Tasman Sea). Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry. Settlements begin to grow around the Lake Eyre region. With respect to the German colonial government, we ask Croatia to purchase the part of the outback north of Lake Eyre.
 * The Commonwealth of Oceana: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base on Midway. Exploration of West Antarctica continues. The navy also claims several islands near New Zealand (OTL Auckland, Chatham and Macquarie Islands).
 * German Dip: Borealia is informed that the islands in question were claimed by Hamburg over a century ago, and are considered territories of the Commonwealth Kingdom of New Rugia.
 * Colony of Kinshasa: With the incorporated French colony, continues to expand its lumber and mining companies with cheap labor picked up from surrounding natives. An organized government forms along with some small villages. The border expands inward 750 px.
 * Imperial Japanese Diplomacy: We request to co-develop aeroplanes with each other and we also request to aid Borealia in its planned Antarctic expedition to the South Pole. We also request to renew our trade agreement with Borelia and expand it, in order to rejuvenate both of our post-war economies.
 * Borealia Diplomacy: We accept the Japanese offer and begin the expedition this year. We also ship three experimental planes to Japan for the Emperor's personal use.
 * Indian Diplomacy: The Indian Empire expresses interest in cooperating with Borealia in regards to experimental planes, given that such technology is virtually non-existant in India.
 * Borealia Diplomacy: We will fund a joint Japanese-Indian-Borealian aviation program if India will grant the Borealian Aeronautical Engineering Lab (BAEL) unrestricted use of Fuvahmulah Island for purely scientific use.
 * Indian Diplomacy: The Indian Empire refuses to grant BAEL unrestricted access to the Fuvahmulah islands, given that the islands are under Roman control at the moment. However, the Indian Empire is willing to grant BAEL unrestricted access to the Andaman Islands for scientific use, as long as the Commonwealth of Borealia agrees that Borealian military personnel shall at no point enter the islands. Moreover, the BAEL or any linked organization shall at no point attempt to engage in espionage missions.
 * Borealia Diplomacy: We agree to this proposal.
 * Spain agrees to help Borealia with their thing. Lots of countries are invited to the Antarctic Conference where nations will discuss Antarctica.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science. The Hyundai Motor Company continues to make more cars.

With airship passage already established to the Zollern Insels, airship owners become interested in establishing a trans-Atlantic link, and ask the Portugese government to provide the European end of such a link. (MOD RESPONSE PLEASE).
 * Romania: In Moldavia, Vlachia and Dobruja, we begin agricultural industrialisation. We build more factories in our nation. More collectivisation occurs. Tractors begin being used on farms. We begin mining operations in Vlachia. We start democratic elections.
 * Morocco: The Sultanate of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 500,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 17 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 1.2 million soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships, 14 frigates, 15 cruisers and 20 destroyers. Continue building a series of early fighters, bombers and now a few airships on military airports, which later added into Moroccan Air Force. The nation expends south by 16,000 sq km, with a few new cities being built. Roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer museums, colleges and more houses, schools, hospitals, power plants and mining plants are built. The mining plants produces materials coal, iron and now gold and copper, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. The telephone/communications and mosaics industries continue to grow under a few large monopolies. With parts of the country hooked up to electricity, few middle class citizens and rich citizens have light in their homes. The telegraph is popular with the rich and business people. The telephone is popular with the rich people of society. A few docks and mosques are built. The Moroccan Navy continues building a series of cargo ships, which cargo ships are for trade and for future tensions. Trade with various major European powers decides economic boom of Morocco and Morocco's largest exports are mosaics and largest imports are mostly food. Artillery becomes more widely used in combat and more industries continues building a series of wartime artillery, which later added it to Moroccan Armed Forces. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and few new railway lines are opened in service. Sultan Abdelaziz continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. Morocco continues building a few military camps for soldiers living at Moroccan-German border and Moroccan-Spanish border.
 * Hawaii: More improvements kept working on military and economy. Hawaii hopes for more cities to be build within one island, but as population keeps grow in following next year. Meanwhile, the navy could bring some more ships in the factory and also some military equipments around the country. In Honolulu, infrastructure is improving while builds up for good population to keep grow within the buildings.
 * The Republic: Continues to grow in population due to the worldwide migration of Communists and Anarchists. Many scientists and engineers from the former nations that have alluded athorities appear in the nation, and work on bringing the industrialization there to the levels of their home nations begins, and becomes a heavy focus, as does build on a naval force. The capital of Sokratgrad continues construction, and a port is built. Expands inland and north to contain the fastly growing population. This year holds a good harvest.
 * Netherlands: With the aid of the reparations, the government distributes the money to the public. There are experiments with trucks with mounted MGs and artillery and trucks with armor, culminating in the first Dutch use of armored vehicles. Mil and Eco
 * Belgium: Mil and Eco.
 * Luxembourg: Mil and Eco.
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians officially end their intervention in the wartorn nation of Russia, as the Russian Civil War has come to a close. The Ruthenians had personally hunted down the Mad Prophet Mikhail and his more rabid followers and officially executed them after a short trial. Much of southern Russia has been considerably depopulated due to Mikhail and his forces rampaging through the country.
 * Algonquia is deluged with refugees from France, mainly leftists fleeing the defeat of the people's republic who wish to flee to a sympathetic nation with longtime ties with France. Asylum is provided to all such refugees, along with Algonquian citizenship. The refugees provide new skills and knowledge, notably engineer Jean Datour, who sets up a firm to manufacture aircraft, creating Algonquia's first airplane this year. The government orders several aircraft for testing, but remains more heavily focused on airships. Kapapamahchakwew, Transitional Communist leader, becomes High Sachem. An Algonquian expedition reaches the geographic North Pole this year, leading the government to consider expanding its suzerainty in the High Arctic. Algonquia expands the maximum amount northward.
 * Zollern Insels continue to prosper economically, growing cash crops for Algonquia. Some tension over fishing rights grows with New Guernsey.
 * Sahtudene and the colony of Kitlineq expand the maximum amount.
 * Emeraldie: The land forces stand at 90,000 men, with 70,000 in reserve, modernisation of the armed forces is completed. Vast industrial expansion occurs in the region following years of government encouragement and subsidies. We expand 800 px into the continent's interior. The Emerald Canal is completed with the first ships passing through the canal, bring a new source of income to the nation. With the booming economy, the government begins investing heavily in education and infrastructure. In other new the first domestically produced cars are built, with companies taking advantage of the growing petrol supply. The Royal Air Corps is expanded with new purpose built aircraft, it now includes 32 planes and two bomber Zeppelins, naval designers wanting to take advantage of the new air force propose the creation of a floating airstrip, referred to as an aircraft carrier by the navy, though this remains in the planning stages.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories: A legislative parliament is created to take care of local issues. The South Pacific station is expanded with new modern ships. The territory government is granted the ability to control a small armed force to maintain peace in the region and protect from native aggression, its current numbers are around 8000 men. A region detachment of the RAC is created with a new airport built in Tahiti.
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: The economy slowly improves. A number of army veterans and their families are offered migration packages to Christiandorf on Spitzbergen, increasing the population by a hundred or so people. The OHG's mining team arrives in Spitzbergen and begin an early exploratory mine. It produces very promising results, and bigger equipment is shipped from Germany, allowing the mining work to begin in earnest. A statue is erected in the main public park in Oldenburg honouring the late, great Empress Mary.
 * Commonwealth Lordship of Neu Norderney: The first test flights for the Trans-Atlantic airship service take place this year, with the government hoping that the service will be functional by next year.
 * Seeing Neu Norderney's interest in experimental aircraft, the Union of Borealia asks if the Lordship would be interested in attending the international air race in two years.
 * The Lordship's government is thrilled by the invitation, and looks forward to fielding a team.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures toward Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself toward the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman and Vlachian forces move in, securing the southern part of the country and stopping at the Wallachian-Moldavian border, as per the compromise between the Communists and Monarchists. Support for the true Vlachian government rises, and the Roman Empire provides the southern government the resources it needs to get itself back on its feet. To help stabilize its northern border, train cars full of weapons and ammo are sent to Croatia, hopefully to bolster that front. The rebel Syrians are seen as an annoyance, and as such local forces are tasked with putting them down. Troops are stationed in Syria after the cancellation of the supposed alliance, and alliances with Georgia and Assyria are affirmed again. Troops are sent to contain the uprising in Africa.
 * Tartar Empire:  The fall of the Tartary is a huge surprise, and many officials fled to Roman lands. However, the Roman Empire was able to set up a puppet government claiming legitimacy from the remnants of the Tartary. The Tartar royal family is installed as the leaders of this puppet state, with much of the government based on that of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire does what it can to industrialize and modernize the puppet state, which effectively only controls the Black Sea coast. Effort is put entirely into the army, as there is no power that can challenge the might of the Roman navy in the Black Sea. Demoralized remnants of the Tartar Army along with volunteers are trained by Roman officers to help get the state back on its feet.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of new navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The Franqi brothers begin experimenting with the idea of heavier-than-air flight, but the task is daunting and will take some time to perfect a flying device. They manage to create a working model which flies for several seconds. However, it isn't impressive enough and they continue their work. Following the outbreak of war, the Reman Empire declares war on France and sends troops to help the Spanish in their front.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started being worked on.
 * The Union of Borealia: Asks if the Reman or Roman empires would be interested in participating in the international air race in two years.
 * Spain: Continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities led to more people moving to the cities. The buildings rise higher and the trains run faster, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Barcelona and Madrid. Cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Boats and guns and cars. Spain begins to mass troops along the border with France and increases patrols around the entire coast of Spain. Spain continues to commission destroyers and increases the number of battle ready battleships in the Royal Armada. More artillery stuff. Carlo Ferreira continues to develop aeroplanes and makes great advances. The Spanish government condemns the Communist nations. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain continues to advocate the expansion of the anti-Communist League. The Spanish colony of West Africa expands 8000 sq km north in the west and east, totaling 16,000 sq km. Croats in Dahomey retain their rights. Dahomey expands 8000 sq km into the interior of Africa. The Spanish colony in southwest Africa expands 8000 sq km inland as well. In the French front, Spain deploys armored vehicles unlike anything ever seen before. They roll across France to limited success, as they still have many flaws. Cool name for tanks coming later. Also, Spain launches more dreadnoughts. Planes improve. Spain opens the Antarctica Conference. A Spanish ship, the Titanic sets sail from Gibraltar to New Copenhagen (new name?). People say it will sink and stuff but it actually makes it all the way despite a close encounter with an iceberg in the North Atlantic. A Spanish diplomatic entourage goes to Stuttgart to present Spanish post-war terms. GIB SARDINIA. #NoMoreWikiaChanges
 * Algeria: Expands 5000 sq km south as part of the nationalistic campaign to become a great nation on the African continent. Military technology is brought in from Spain, as well as other things. Berbers are satisfied with their legal conditions now. Fabran government remains in power. The southernmost parts of Algeria are broken off from the nation and given to Spain as a new Spanish colony. Algeria ceases southern expansion.
 * Singapore: Also continues to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain. Singapore also greatly benefits from the newly re-invigorated trade in the region. Singapore continues to accumulate wealth as a center of trade and all that nonsense.


 * Andea: Rapidly develops its industry. Industrial work becomes the most common field to work in. Average wage for industrial workers stands at 1000 reals, but the government set minimum wage stands at 400 reals. Yellow-Dog Contracts are offically outlawed this year in Andea. The military expands to include 650,000 men. With the outbreak of war overseas, the draft is enacted and funding is poured into military. The Grant-Ramon 2 rifle is adopted (ATL Springfield Rifle). The navy expands dramaticlly, with the inclusion of Dreadnoughts and Armored Cruisers making ironclads irrelevant. The Republican Party wins the Presidency, beating out the Nationals, Democrats, Hesperian, and the Progressives. This year sees the creation of the first movie theater in Andea, as well as the rise of consumer culture. Tanks make their first showcase in Andea this year. We send 80,000 men and supplies to our Roman Allies.
 * Protectorate of Cape Ferdinand: rapidly develops shipyards and docks to increase the economic influence of the nation. Population stands at 165,000, and a garrison of 50,000 men remains active.
 * Protectorate of Sudafrica: The nation continues to centralize. Population stands at five million. A garrison of 110,000 remains active.

Imperial Japan: Imperial Japanese Foreign Minister Kogan Riyu signs the Krasnoyak Accords, dividing Russia and officially ending the Second Russo-Japanese War and we achieve much diplomatically. However, some things are still needed to be accounted for. With peace finally now achieved, our soldiers return home and we rebuild our military from the years of war, introducing dreadnoughts to our military and begin developing aeroplanes. We also begin to rebuild our economy on a massive scale. The PRC has surrendered and has accepted their defeat, thus the Japanese-PRC War ends and the Imperial Japanese Foreign Minister Kogan Riyu attends the peace conference in the PRC's capital and the soldiers return home and are hailed as national heroes. However, Imperial Japan notices the break down of law and order in Russia and considers the Treaty of Vladivostock to be null and void, for a new oppressive government has taken over, and thus Imperial Japan is forced to intervene upon the Tartar/Siberian Separatists in their struggle against this tyranical new government that is oppressing them, and thus we declare war on the current government of Russia and invade from Japanese Siberia with two million soldiers. Meanwhile, the book on the Russo-Japanese War is published, and our soldiers are trained based on that book. The Emperor looks out of his window into the shining pearly sea of Tokyo and addresses his people. Foreign Minister Kogan Riyu and the Emperor himself signs the Treaty of '''Urajiosutoku, ending the Russo-Japanese War and ushering a new era of peace and prosperity with Russia and our men return home and are hailed as national heroes. However, there is a new threat on the horizon, the PRC, which has invaded Qinghai, and thus we are forced to declare war on the PRC per the Treaty of Beijing. After successfuly defending Qinghai, we invade the PRC with two million troops. Foreign Minister Riyu signs the Treaty of Midway, ushering a new era of peace and prosperity in the Pacific and results in an economic boom thanks to an increase in trade in the Pacific. We also observe the various wars that the world is falling into, and we prepare for a massive war by investing our new found money into a massive military build up as well as improving our economy by improving our trade routes/  Our condolensces go out to the dead Caliph. As the new century dawns, so does the new Empire of Japan with the implementation of the treaty of Beijing Japan. When Emperor Raijingusan was born the empire was a collection of Japan proper and a couple of ports, but now Japan is a shining empire in the Pacific, and is now considered a superpower in terms of vast greatness in not only territory, but also infrastructure, art, science, engineering literature, and education. The Emperor’s dream for Japan is fufilled, and as a result of the new century and new Japanese Empire there is a surge of nationalism. On the topic of literature, the book on the First-Sino Japanese War is published as well as the book “On the History of Japanese War history” and “On the History of Imperial Japan” is published. Emperor Rajiangstan himself attended New Munich, and noted “This city is a spectacular city, with lights gleaming over the fresh lakes, twinkling in the twilight, with the telephone that connects two voices from a far, and the kaleidoscope that has me see a beautiful rainbow of colors, indeed New Munich is a beacon upon a hill, and I hope Japan adopts the Borelian model of modernization.” The Emperor also returns to Tokyo, signs the Treaty of the Hague and the Treaty of Beijing, only to die, ushering an era of peace. “I was born, destined for something great, and something great I became, for I have made Japan the pinnacle of hope and light, sharing the greatness of the rising sun, to all four corners of the world. I may die today, but the Empire of Japan shall be eternal.” There is a massive memorial service held in Emperor Rajiangstan’s honor, and his first son, Emperor Heiwa to Han'ei, succeeds him, and begins to adopt the Borealian model of industrialization, trying to make Tokyo like New Munich. Seeing the German Empire quickly hand over IndoChina, Japan declares war upon and invades Spain. The Empire of Japan offers an ultimatum to the German Empire, cede Indochina to us, offer us a ten-year NAP, and give us trading rights to the German Pacific colonies of Brunei and Australia. In a major speech in Kyoto, later repeated in Tokyo, the Emperor of Japan says "With Japanese dominance secured in the Pacific as a result of their deals with Germany and Spain we turn to our new enemy, the Communist Russians. The Communists threaten our very existance as a nation and we attack them to ensure Japanese dominance and political hegemony in the Pacific and Asia. We call upon two million able-bodied young men to bring honor to your family, friends, nation, and empire and invade the Communist menance from Japanese Siberia."'''
 * Empire of Northern China: With the Signing of the Treaty of Beijing Manchuria and Northern China are merged, establishing the Empire of Northern China, with Emperor Wu, Emperor Rajiangstan’s second son, as Emperor. Major reforms are enacted and there is immediate construction to railroads, schools, hospitals, homes, factories, ports, and cities in order to rebuild Northern China after the war. Mining operations also continue. the Empire is also noted as one of the most diverse places in the Japanese Empire. We invest in developing the cities of Beijing and Tianjin. Emperor Waizu marries into the the Qing Dynasty, restoring the dynasty of the Manchu Empire of old.
 * Japanese Formosa: We invest in Formosa by implementing a massive railroad construction program as well as port construction to further the transportation of Formosa. We implement a program of both industry and agriculture in Formosa, with the industry being for Japan and the agriculture being for Formosa. We also make massive public education reform in Formosa. Industry also speeds up as a result of the wartime economy. Eco/Mil turn. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Shanghai: We industrialize Shanghai and upgrade its port and infrastructure, including education. We have Shanghai specialize in shipbuilding and trading, making it a hub for trade in East Asia. We rapidly increase port building to make this city a hub for trade.
 * Northern Philippines: We welcome the former French Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Southern Philippines: We welcome the former Hamburgian Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Siberia: We welcome the former Tartary territory into our empire and we begin an extensive program to rebuild the area after the war by expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. We also expan the economy of the area. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Jiangsu: Major rebuilding reforms are enacted and there is immediate construction to railroads, schools, hospitals, homes factories, ports, and cities in order to rebuild Northern China after the war. We also construct a major irrigation system of Jiangsu and farm crops such as rice and wheat and make industry based on textiles and food and develop Shanghai and Nanking as important major cities.
 * Guangdong: We begin developing the infrastructure of Guangdong by implementing major reform, and we build railroads, factories, schools, hospitals, homes, ports, and cities. In order to fuel this, we focus on developing the ports in the Pearl Delta River region making them a hub for trade in the Pacific. We open the Pearl River Delta to other nations in the Pacific and are willing to make a trade deal with them.

1915
''' Can't think of any major events this turn, other mods are free to contribute. '''


 * Commonwealth Kingdoms of Hamburg, Hanover, Prussia, Westphalia, Rhineland, Kuba, and New Rugia: New Mecklenburg, Kameroon, and German West Africa expand by 750 px each. There is some celebration at Friedrich V being elected King of the Germans, and he is coronated in Frankfurt. GDP in the Commomwealth Kingdoms continue to recover from the War, though naval development continues, under the premise that Germany is a globally spanning nation-state, and a strong navy is needed to protect Germans wherever they live. Another exploratory expedition is sent to the South Pole, where they find the frayed German quint-color joined by Spain and Borealias flags. They replace the German flag, take some pictures for newspapers back home, and head back to the shore of Kaiser Mary Land.


 * Indian Empire: Queen Farah Shah was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 441,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. Indian reserachers land in Antarctica for research and exploration. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented on ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of India, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones, bulbs, electricity. The Indians finally develop the very first tank, introducing the Agni I into the Indian Empire. However, by now the armstrice had been signed and negotiations were largely over. Regardless, the new weapon was seen as effective tool to be used in warfare. Along the same time, victory parades are held and nationalism reaches its peak. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 70.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 50.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Punjabs exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 40.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagars exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Indian Overseas Territories: Aceh, Mauritius, Seychelles Tromelin and Reunion.
 * Caliphate drastically improves infrastructure, industry and economy. As we seek to protect our possesions, we become less expansionist into foreign cultures and lands. We continue westernization efforts especially in urban, developed regions, such as Baghdad. As with every year, we maintain our two Holy cities and donate a small amount of our income to charity, especially to the poor: beggars, widows, and more of the like. We maintain our military, but the military becomes less emphazied with the signing of the pan-Asian pact, which protects the Caliphate from any foreign invasion and threats. We improve relations with the Afghans, hoping to bring them into the Pact in the near future. With the death of Caliph Hakeem bin Malik many of our young citizens call him the "Magnificent", specifically for his republican reforms, implementing the Shura. With the westernization and increasing democratic power, we begin, on a small scale, implementing railroads, especially connecting urban cities and regions. We also begin construction of a small scale Ironclad fleet, as there is no need for a large, because of the protection of India and Japan. With the full implementation and the construction of roads, postal service, railroads, transportation and news travels faster than ever, allowing the unity of the Caliphate. We begin to encourage urban cities sto start developing their own newspapers, as along with the arrival of radios into the Caliphate, due to the Westernization Effort. We continue to support the idea of the Caliphate as a pan-Islamic state, not Pan-Arabic. The Government completely reforms, seeking Hakeem's dream of a truly democratic Caliphate. A new office is created: Sultan. The Caliph becomes only the religious leader of the Caliphate, whose position is heredity, with the Sultan being elected from the Shura. We accept the alliance Morocco offered. The Caliphate begins to become federalized, with every province of the Caliphate holding a small amount of power. We continue to attempt to convert Shia Muslims, even bribing local religious leaders to begin to teach Sunni beliefs. With the war against the Romans ending with status quo ante bellum and restoration of all previous treaties, the Caliphate becomes desperate to look for new wealth. Fortunately, oil is found in the mountains of North-western Persia. we offer to many European countries that they westernize us in exchange for oil, specifically Croatia and the Scandinavians, possibly Germany, Spain, et cetera. We invite both Mongolia and secretly begin discussions within members of the Pact whether to invite Morocco, another Muslim nation, into the Pact, although isolated on the North-western coast of Africa. The Caliphate continues to head to democracy with the foundation set by Caliph Hakeem. 
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern
 * Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science. The Hyundai Motor Company continues to make more cars.
 * Lombardy: Our military is continuing to increase due to war rising in Europe. Factories mostly make weapons and vehicles for our military. With the increase of factories in the nation, more jobs are being made. The employment rate has continue increase in the nation. Agriculture is our best industry in the nation. The railway industry is continuing to work on improving the tracks. Doctors are now continue to use X-rays to see the inside of people. Trade goes well with the Roman Empire. The navy continues to make ships for trade and for future tensions. We continue to build many buildings like hospitals, colleges, and banks. There are seven years left on us occupying Sardinia. Our King is thinking about annexing Sardinia after the ten years of occupancy is done with.
 * Nederlanden: The armored calvalry is created. The first Dutch armored car is created, armed with MGs. Improvements are made to the E-III. We warn Lombardy to not annex Sardinia or there will be consequences in the long-term. We make new ships. Mil and Eco
 * Belgium: Mil and Eco.
 * Luxembourg: Mil and Eco.


 * Andea: Rapidly develops its industry. Industrial work becomes the most common field to work in. Average wage for industrial workers stands at 1000 reals, but the government set minimum wage stands at 400 reals. Yellow-Dog Contracts are offically outlawed this year in Andea. The military expands to include 650,000 men. With the outbreak of war overseas, the draft is enacted and funding is poured into military. The Grant-Ramon 2 rifle is adopted (ATL Springfield Rifle). The navy expands dramaticlly, with the inclusion of Dreadnoughts and Armored Cruisers making ironclads irrelevant. The Republican Party wins the Presidency, beating out the Nationals, Democrats, Hesperian, and the Progressives. This year sees the creation of the first movie theater in Andea, as well as the rise of consumer culture. The number of tanks is increased. We send 80,000 men and supplies to our Roman Allies. Population stands at 81 million. The Andean navy and air force expand as well.
 * Protectorate of Cape Ferdinand: rapidly develops shipyards and docks to increase the economic influence of the nation. Population stands at 165,000, and a garrison of 50,000 men remains active.
 * Protectorate of Sudafrica: The nation continues to centralize. Population stands at five million. A garrison of 110,000 remains active.

Algonquia is deluged with refugees from France, mainly leftists fleeing the defeat of the people's republic who wish to flee to a sympathetic nation with longtime ties with France. Asylum is provided to all such refugees, along with Algonquian citizenship. The refugees provide new skills and knowledge, notably engineer Jean Datour, who sets up a firm to manufacture aircraft, creating Algonquia's first airplane this year. The government orders several aircraft for testing, but remains more heavily focused on airships. Kapapamahchakwew, Transitional Communist leader, becomes High Sachem. An Algonquian expedition reaches the geographic North Pole this year, leading the government to consider expanding its suzerainty in the High Arctic. Algonquia expands the maximum amount northward.With airship passage already established to the Zollern Insels, airship owners become interested in establishing a trans-Atlantic link, and ask the Portugese government to provide the European end of such a link (MOD RESPONSE PLEASE).
 * Romania: In Moldavia, Vlachia and Dobruja, we begin agricultural industrialisation. We build more factories in our nation. More collectivisation occurs. Tractors begin being used on farms. We begin mining operations in Vlachia. We start democratic elections.
 * Borealia_Flag_2.pngUnion of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Electrical power continues to spread, although one scientist claims to have created better light by conducting gas. A theory of quanta is developed to explain phenomenon as smaller levels, and more theories follow to develop machines at this level. Tanks continue to be developed. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Airplanes begin to be built on the Remen design in Pannenstiel. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast. Borealia annonces that it will host an International Air Race from Kristallstadt (OTL Salt Lake City) to Cahokie in 1916, to showcase each nation's aviation technology thus far. The first prize may be up to 1.2 million Stavratons. We specifically invite the nations of Rome, Reme, and Andea to consider joining. Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. Support continues to be given to the Republican rebels in China. In sympathy for the oppression of Communism in Europe, a small Communist Party emerges this year in New Vienna. These people are viewed suspiciously, however, as Communism usually has no place in Borealian culture. A joint expedition with Spain and Japan this year travels Antarctica and plants all three flags at the geometric South Pole. On the return trip, a semi-permanent settlement is established at the North Antarctic Peninsula (OTL Palmer Land)
 * The State of Australia: The state greatly increases this year by beginning joint control over the colony of New Mecklenburg, provided by Germany on the provision of ceding the whole colony by 1929. The capital of the state is centered at Dandiri (OTL Brisbane), which administer over all land settlements and the Luwrit Sea (OTL Tasman Sea). Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry. Settlements begin to grow around the Lake Eyre region. With respect to the German colonial government, we ask Croatia to purchase the part of the outback north of Lake Eyre.
 * The Commonwealth of Oceana: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base on Midway. Exploration of West Antarctica continues. The nation considers expanding the Treaty of Midway over the waters within the Luwrit Sea. 
 * Colony of Kinshasa: With the incorporated French colony, continues to expand its lumber and mining companies with cheap labor picked up from surrounding natives. An organized government forms along with some small villages. The border expands inward 750 px.
 * Reme: Will participate in the air race.
 * Zollern Insels continue to prosper economically, growing cash crops for Algonquia. Some tension over fishing rights grows with New Guernsey.
 * Sahtudene and the colony of Kitlineq expand the maximum amount.
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: Work continues on rebuilding the economy, and the government offers prizes for industrialists and inventors who use new technology from the war in a peaceful way that benefits the people. The OHG ships the first load of coal from the Spitzbergen coal mine this summer.
 * Commonwealth Lordship of Neu Norderney: The Trans-Atlantic airship link with Oldenburg is opened this year to much celebration. Mail and passengers make the trip, which is slightly faster than by conventional packet steamer. The service is, however, less frequent. In other news, aviators and aviatrixes across the country work on aeroplane designs for the upcoming race.
 * Hawaii: Some improvement going on for military and economy. While it's going, it feels that most of likely economy could be a good profit. Not only that it's bad, but runs good within the company. At the military, troops could be eligable to equip their own weapons. It's most likely that it could be in training room, but no briefings reported over its country.
 * Morocco: The Sultanate of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 500,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 17.5 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 1,300,000 soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships, 14 frigates, 15 cruisers and 20 destroyers. Continue building a series of early fighters, bombers and now a few airships on military airports, which later added into Moroccan Air Force. The nation expends south by 16,000 sq km, with a few new cities being built. Roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer museums, colleges and more houses, schools, hospitals, power plants and mining plants are built. The mining plants produces materials coal, iron and now gold and copper, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. The telephone/communications and mosaics industries continue to grow under a few large monopolies. With parts of the country hooked up to electricity, few middle class citizens and rich citizens have light in their homes. The telegraph is popular with the rich and business people. The telephone is popular with the rich people of society. A few docks and mosques are built. The Moroccan Navy continues building a series of cargo ships, which cargo ships are for trade and for future tensions. Trade with various major European powers decides economic boom of Morocco and Morocco's largest exports are mosaics and largest imports are mostly food. Artillery becomes more widely used in combat and more industries continues building a series of wartime artillery, which later added it to Moroccan Armed Forces. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and few new railway lines are opened in service. Sultan Abdelaziz continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. Morocco prepares to join International Air Race and needs two best pilots to participate as Moroccan pilots. In El Jadida, the Moroccan Air Race is hosted by Moroccan government and 12 pilots teamed up in six teams from other regions of Morocco, only one team can win as best pilots of Morocco ever.
 * Emeraldie: The land forces stand at 90,000 men, with 70,000 in reserve, modernisation of the armed forces is completed. Vast industrial expansion occurs in the region following years of government encouragement and subsidies. We expand 800 px into the continent's interior. The Emerald Canal is completed with the first ships passing through the canal, bring a new source of income to the nation. With the booming economy, the government begins investing heavily in education and infrastructure. In other news, the first domestically produced cars are built, with companies taking advantage of the growing petrol supply. The Royal Air Corps is expanded with new purpose built aircraft, it now includes 32 planes and two bomber Zeppelins, naval designers wanting to take advantage of the new air force propose the creation of a floating airstrip, referred to as an aircraft carrier by the navy, though this remains in the planning stages. The Government prepares to join the international air race, providing the military's best pilots and large government grants to the aeronautical companies in the nation, as well as a tournament to select the participating team.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories: A legislative parliament is created to take care of local issues. The South Pacific station is expanded with new modern ships. The territorial government is granted the ability to control a small armed force to maintain peace in the region and protect from native aggression, its current numbers are around 8000 men. A region detachment of the RAC is created with a new airport built in Tahiti.
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians begin absorbing the newly-obtained lands in Belarus into their nation. The local Belarusians get official recognition of their language as a regional language of the Ruthenian government. Most government business still relies somewhat on the Ruthenian language. The Ruthenians resume their industrial development as well as the research into airships.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures toward Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself toward the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman and Vlachian forces move in, securing the southern part of the country and stopping at the Wallachian-Moldavian border, as per the compromise between the Communists and Monarchists. Support for the true Vlachian government rises, and the Roman Empire provides the southern government the resources it needs to get itself back on its feet. To help stabilize its northern border, train cars full of weapons and ammo are sent to Croatia, hopefully to bolster that front. The rebel Syrians are seen as an annoyance, and as such local forces are tasked with putting them down. Troops are stationed in Syria after the cancellation of the supposed alliance, and alliances with Georgia and Assyria are affirmed again. Troops are sent to contain the uprising in Africa.
 * Tartar Empire:  The fall of the Tartary is a huge surprise, and many officials fled to Roman lands. However, the Roman Empire was able to set up a puppet government claiming legitimacy from the remnants of the Tartary. The Tartar royal family is installed as the leaders of this puppet state, with much of the government based on that of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire does what it can to industrialize and modernize the puppet state, which effectively only controls the Black Sea coast. Effort is put entirely into the army, as there is no power that can challenge the might of the Roman navy in the Black Sea. Demoralized remnants of the Tartar Army along with volunteers are trained by Roman officers to help get the state back on its feet.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The Franqi brothers begin experimenting with the idea of heavier-than-air flight, but the task is daunting and will take some time to perfect a flying device. They manage to create a working model which flies for several seconds. However, it isn't impressive enough and they continue their work. Following the outbreak of war, the Reman Empire declares war on France and sends troops to help the Spanish in their front.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started being worked on.
 * Brazil: Settlement of Brazil’s new African territories is encouraged, especially in Porto Natal, Porto Centauro (Richard’s Bay), named for military leader Manuel Marques de Sousa, Barreto (Pietermaritzburg), named for José Luís Mena Barreto, Vila João (Johannesburg), named for King João of Guiana, and Vinicia (Pretoria). With the threat of the Zulu eliminated diamond and gold industries can be fully exploited, and a mass immigration occurs to the region from other portions of South Africa, Hesperia and Europe. Brazil takes special interest in newly forming aviation industries, with a Brazilian pilot participating in the International Air Race. The Embraer Sociedade Anônima is founded as the nation’s first aerospace company in Santa Cruz, and begins designing its own line of Brazilian planes. Additionally the Ministério da Aeronáutica is founded to fund research and development of aviation related industries. The first all metal fighter prototype is created, denoted the Embraer C-7. This aircraft is capable of reaching a speed of 225 km/h, sustaining flight for one and a half hours, and armed with two fixed, forward-firing Cartuchos machine guns.
 * Spain: Continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities led to more people moving to the cities. The buildings rise higher and the trains run faster, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Barcelona and Madrid. Cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Boats and guns and cars. Spain begins to mass troops along the border with France and increases patrols around the entire coast of Spain. Spain continues to commission destroyers and increases the number of battle ready battleships in the Royal Armada. More artillery stuff. Carlo Ferreira continues to develop aeroplanes and makes great advances. The Spanish government condemns the Communist nations. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain continues to advocate the expansion of the anti-Communist League. The Spanish colony of West Africa expands 8000 sq km north in the west and east, totaling 16,000 sq km. Croats in Dahomey retain their rights. Dahomey expands 8000 sq km into the interior of Africa. The Spanish colony in southwest Africa expands 8000 sq km inland as well. In the French front, Spain deploys armored vehicles unlike anything ever seen before. They roll across France to limited success, as they still have many flaws. Cool name for tanks coming later. Also, Spain launches more dreadnoughts. Planes improve. Spain opens the Antarctica Conference. The Spanish Aeronautics Committee is created. Spanish diplomatic entourage goes to Stuttgart to present Spanish post-war terms. SARDINIA FOR SPAIN. #NoMoreWikiaChanges
 * Algeria expands 5000 sq km south as part of the nationalistic campaign to become a great nation on the African continent. Military technology is brought in from Spain, as well as other things. Berbers are satisfied with their legal conditions now. Fabran government remains in power. The southernmost parts of Algeria are broken off from the nation and given to Spain as a new Spanish colony. Algeria ceases southern expansion.
 * Singapore: Also continues to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain. Singapore also greatly benefits from the newly re-invigorated trade in the region. Singapore continues to accumulate wealth as a center of trade and all that nonsense.
 * Singapore: Also continues to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain. Singapore also greatly benefits from the newly re-invigorated trade in the region. Singapore continues to accumulate wealth as a center of trade and all that nonsense.

Imperial Japan: With peace formally achieved, We invest in restoring our economy as well as preparing for the International Air Race. Now that peace is achieved, The philosophy of East Asianism begins, meaning that all East Asians are equal, for they all are subjects of Imperial Japan. With Imperial Japanese Foreign Minister Kogan Riyu signs the Krasnoyak Accords, dividing Russia and officially ending the Second Russo-Japanese War and we achieve much diplomatically. However, some things are still needed to be accounted for. With peace finally now achieved, our soldiers return home and we rebuild our military from the years of war, introducing dreadnoughts to our military and begin developing aeroplanes. We also begin to rebuild our economy on a massive scale. The PRC has surrendered and has accepted their defeat, thus the Japanese-PRC War ends and the Imperial Japanese Foreign Minister Kogan Riyu attends the peace conference in the PRC's capital and the soldiers return home and are hailed as national heroes. However, Imperial Japan notices the break down of law and order in Russia and considers the Treaty of Vladivostock to be null and void, for a new oppressive government has taken over, and thus Imperial Japan is forced to intervene upon the Tartar/Siberian Separatists in their struggle against this tyranical new government that is oppressing them, and thus we declare war on the current government of Russia and invade from Japanese Siberia with two million soldiers. Meanwhile, the book on the Russo-Japanese War is published, and our soldiers are trained based on that book. The Emperor looks out of his window into the shining pearly sea of Tokyo and addresses his people. Foreign Minister Kogan Riyu and the Emperor himself signs the Treaty of '''Urajiosutoku, ending the Russo-Japanese War and ushering a new era of peace and prosperity with Russia and our men return home and are hailed as national heroes. However, there is a new threat on the horizon, the PRC, which has invaded Qinghai, and thus we are forced to declare war on the PRC per the Treaty of Beijing. After successfuly defending Qinghai, we invade the PRC with two million troops. Foreign Minister Riyu signs the Treaty of Midway, ushering a new era of peace and prosperity in the Pacific and results in an economic boom thanks to an increase in trade in the Pacific. We also observe the various wars that the world is falling into, and we prepare for a massive war by investing our new found money into a massive military build up as well as improving our economy by improving our trade routes/  Our condolensces go out to the dead Caliph. As the new century dawns, so does the new Empire of Japan with the implementation of the treaty of Beijing Japan. When Emperor Raijingusan was born the empire was a collection of Japan proper and a couple of ports, but now Japan is a shining empire in the Pacific, and is now considered a superpower in terms of vast greatness in not only territory, but also infrastructure, art, science, engineering literature, and education. The Emperor’s dream for Japan is fufilled, and as a result of the new century and new Japanese Empire there is a surge of nationalism. On the topic of literature, the book on the First-Sino Japanese War is published as well as the book “On the History of Japanese War history” and “On the History of Imperial Japan” is published. Emperor Rajiangstan himself attended New Munich, and noted “This city is a spectacular city, with lights gleaming over the fresh lakes, twinkling in the twilight, with the telephone that connects two voices from a far, and the kaleidoscope that has me see a beautiful rainbow of colors, indeed New Munich is a beacon upon a hill, and I hope Japan adopts the Borelian model of modernization.” The Emperor also returns to Tokyo, signs the Treaty of the Hague and the Treaty of Beijing, only to die, ushering an era of peace. “I was born, destined for something great, and something great I became, for I have made Japan the pinnacle of hope and light, sharing the greatness of the rising sun, to all four corners of the world. I may die today, but the Empire of Japan shall be eternal.” There is a massive memorial service held in Emperor Rajiangstan’s honor, and his first son, Emperor Heiwa to Han'ei, succeeds him, and begins to adopt the Borealian model of industrialization, trying to make Tokyo like New Munich. Seeing the German Empire quickly hand over IndoChina, Japan declares war upon and invades Spain. The Empire of Japan offers an ultimatum to the German Empire, cede Indochina to us, offer us a ten-year NAP, and give us trading rights to the German Pacific colonies of Brunei and Australia. In a major speech in Kyoto, later repeated in Tokyo, the Emperor of Japan says "With Japanese dominance secured in the Pacific as a result of their deals with Germany and Spain we turn to our new enemy, the Communist Russians. The Communists threaten our very existance as a nation and we attack them to ensure Japanese dominance and political hegemony in the Pacific and Asia. We call upon two million able-bodied young men to bring honor to your family, friends, nation, and empire and invade the Communist menance from Japanese Siberia."'''
 * Empire of Northern China: With the Signing of the Treaty of Beijing Manchuria and Northern China are merged, establishing the Empire of Northern China, with Emperor Wu, Emperor Rajiangstan’s second son, as Emperor. Major reforms are enacted and there is immediate construction to railroads, schools, hospitals, homes, factories, ports, and cities in order to rebuild Northern China after the war. Mining operations also continue. the Empire is also noted as one of the most diverse places in the Japanese Empire. We invest in developing the cities of Beijing and Tianjin. Emperor Waizu marries into the the Qing Dynasty, restoring the dynasty of the Manchu Empire of old.
 * Japanese Formosa: We invest in Formosa by implementing a massive railroad construction program as well as port construction to further the transportation of Formosa. We implement a program of both industry and agriculture in Formosa, with the industry being for Japan and the agriculture being for Formosa. We also make massive public education reform in Formosa. Industry also speeds up as a result of the wartime economy. Eco/Mil turn. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Shanghai: We industrialize Shanghai and upgrade its port and infrastructure, including education. We have Shanghai specialize in shipbuilding and trading, making it a hub for trade in East Asia. We rapidly increase port building to make this city a hub for trade.
 * Northern Philippines: We welcome the former French Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Southern Philippines: We welcome the former Hamburgian Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Siberia: We welcome the former Tartary territory into our empire and we begin an extensive program to rebuild the area after the war by expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. We also expan the economy of the area. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Jiangsu: Major rebuilding reforms are enacted and there is immediate construction to railroads, schools, hospitals, homes factories, ports, and cities in order to rebuild Northern China after the war. We also construct a major irrigation system of Jiangsu and farm crops such as rice and wheat and make industry based on textiles and food and develop Shanghai and Nanking as important major cities.
 * Guangdong: We begin developing the infrastructure of Guangdong by implementing major reform, and we build railroads, factories, schools, hospitals, homes, ports, and cities. In order to fuel this, we focus on developing the ports in the Pearl Delta River region making them a hub for trade in the Pacific. We open the Pearl River Delta to other nations in the Pacific and are willing to make a trade deal with them.

1916
''' Hopefully Edge will either do some of the events that he had planned or I think of some in the near future. '''
 * Indian Empire: Queen Farah Shah was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 441,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented on ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of India, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones, bulbs, electricity. The Empress of India, Empress Farah Ashraf Shah enters Venad where she is met with jubilant and cheering crowds. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 70.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 50.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Punjabs exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 40.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagars exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Indian Overseas Territories: Aceh, Mauritius, Seychelles Tromelin and Reunion.
 * Commonwealth Kingdoms of Hamburg, Hanover, Prussia, Westphalia, Rhineland, Kuba, and New Rugia: New Mecklenburg, Kameroon, and German West Africa expand by 750 px each. Naval development continues with a new type of warship designed. While packing the armament of a Fürchtennicht-type battleship, its armor is thinned, reducing its weight and increasing its speed to roughly five to seven knots faster than the fastest current Fürchtennicht. The new warship, the SMS Mercury, is dubbed a "battlecruiser". Meanwhile, the naval squadron based out of Sophiastadt, New Rugia is increased with re-inforcements, same with those based in Kuba and Africa. A proposal is sent to Oldenburg, proposing the establishment of an Oldenburg-Neu Juist-New Hamburg-Havana airship line, providing for several years to work out the logistics.
 * Mexaca continues to rebuild itself industrially, with much focus being put on automobile factories.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science. The Hyundai Motor Company continues to make more cars.
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue their industrial development as well as the research into airships.
 * Caliphate: Drastically improves infrastructure, industry and economy. As we seek to protect our possesions, we become less expansionist into foreign cultures and lands. We continue westernization efforts especially in urban, developed regions, such as Baghdad. As with every year, we maintain our two Holy cities and donate a small amount of our income to charity, especially to the poor: beggars, widows, and more of the like. We maintain our military, but the military becomes less emphazied with the signing of the pan-Asian pact, which protects the Caliphate from any foreign invasion and threats. We improve relations with the Afghans, hoping to bring them into the Pact in the near future. With the death of Caliph Hakeem bin Malik many of our young citizens call him the "Magnificent", specifically for his republican reforms, implementing the Shura. With the westernization and increasing democratic power, we begin, on a small scale, implementing railroads, especially connecting urban cities and regions. We also begin construction of a small scale Ironclad fleet, as there is no need for a large, because of the protection of India and Japan. With the full implementation and the construction of roads, postal service, railroads, transportation and news travels faster than ever, allowing the unity of the Caliphate. We begin to encourage urban cities sto start developing their own newspapers, as along with the arrival of radios into the Caliphate, due to the Westernization Effort. We continue to support the idea of the Caliphate as a pan-Islamic state, not Pan-Arabic. The Government completely reforms, seeking Hakeem's dream of a truly democratic Caliphate. A new office is created: Sultan. The Caliph becomes only the religious leader of the Caliphate, whose position is heredity, with the Sultan being elected from the Shura. We accept the alliance Morocco offered. The Caliphate begins to become federalized, with every province of the Caliphate holding a small amount of power. We continue to attempt to convert Shia Muslims, even bribing local religious leaders to begin to teach Sunni beliefs. We search from westerners to search for oil within the Caliphate's borders. The Caliphate continues to head to democracy with the foundation set by Caliph Hakeem. 
 * Several private companies from the Union of Boralia volunteer to help search for oil in Arabia.
 * Diplomats from India visit the Caliphate to discuss oil search before any final deal is reached. So basically, talk to me before you sign another treaty.


 * Romania: In Moldavia, Vlachia and Dobruja, we begin agricultural industrialisation. We build more factories in our nation. More collectivisation occurs. Tractors begin being used on farms. We begin mining operations in Vlachia. Due to the population boom in Moldavia and Dobruja, the Socialist Party is elected.
 * Borealia_Flag_2.pngUnion of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Electrical power continues to spread, although one scientist claims to have created better light by conducting gas. A theory of quanta is developed to explain phenomenon as smaller levels, and more theories follow to develop machines at this level. Tanks continue to be developed. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Airplanes begin to be built on the Remen design in Pannenstiel. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast.  Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. Support continues to be given to the Republican rebels in China. In sympathy for the oppression of Communism in Europe, a small Communist Party emerges this year in New Vienna. These people are viewed suspiciously, however, as Communism usually has no place in Borealian culture. In a miraculous turn of events at the International Air Race, a last-minute entry from the constituent Kingdom of Kuba wins the grand prize of 1.1 million Stavratons in Reichstaler equivalent. The pilot Juan de la Avanne is awarded a silver wreath personally by the General President before an erupting crowd. Many journalists in Borealia hope that this will bring the native Hispanics of Kuba back into the public eye since their annexation by Germany in the Treaty of Toledo. The prominent female engineer Amelia Elcherson of Borealia wins the second prize of 900,000 Stavratons, while the Franqi brothers split the third prize of 800,000 Stavratons.
 * The State of Australia: The state greatly increases this year by beginning joint control over the colony of New Mecklenburg, provided by Germany on the provision of ceding the whole colony by 1929. The capital of the state is centered at Dandiri (OTL Brisbane), which administer over all land settlements and the Luwrit Sea (OTL Tasman Sea). Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry. Settlements begin to grow around the Lake Eyre region. With respect to the German colonial government, we ask Croatia to purchase the part of the outback north of Lake Eyre.
 * The Commonwealth of Oceana: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base on Midway. Exploration of West Antarctica continues. The nation considers expanding the Treaty of Midway over the waters within the Luwrit Sea. 
 * Colony of Kinshasa: With the incorporated French colony, continues to expand its lumber and mining companies with cheap labor picked up from surrounding natives. An organized government forms along with some small villages. The border expands inward 750 px.
 * Colony of North Antarctica: A small base is established on Antarctica's most northern peninsula, inhabited only six months of the year. A lighthouse begins construction to aid shipping that travels south of Cape Horn.
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: Various inventors have come up with ways of using wartime technology for a diverse array of new, peaceful purposes. Their designs and prototypes are put on show in Oldenburg, where the government and private companies judge them and invest in developing the best. In other news, the OHG sends more miners to Spitzbergen to work in the new, very profitable coal mine. Oldenburg-controlled Territory expands the maximum extent.
 * Commomwealth Lordship of Neu Norderney: The country is thrilled by Kuba's unexpected win in the Air Race, and are quite proud of Field Marshall von Osnabruck's solid fourth place for Neu Norderney. The Head of the newly-established Department of Aeronautics informs Hamburg of the department's excitement and willingness for the proposal.
 * Lombardy: Our military is continuing to increase due to war rising in Europe. Factories mostly make weapons and vehicles for our military. With the increase of factories in the nation, more jobs are being made. The employment rate has continue increase in the nation. Agriculture is our best industry in the nation. The railway industry is continuing to work on improving the tracks. Doctors are now continue to use X-rays to see the inside of people. Trade goes well with the Roman Empire. The navy continues to make ships for trade and for future tensions. We continue to build many buildings like hospitals, colleges and banks. There are six years left on us occupying Sardinia. Our King is continuing to think about annexing Sardinia after the ten years of occupancy is done with. Spain really wants the island of Sardinia, but we are not giving it up. Due to Spain wanting what we own, Spain is now an enemy of the nation.
 * United Nordic Republics
 * ​Republic of Denmark: Denmark capitalizes on the fall of Pskov. With money flowing into the Kattegat and out of Pskovian wallets, there is one undoubted ruler of the Baltic Seas now. Former Communists flee to Jutland since Denmark is a Socialist state. Prime Minister Albert Wagner celebrates the end of the Great War, condemning Communism as a perversion of state-sponsored welfare. He worries that the actions of France have harmed Socialist movements in Europe, setting them back decades. In the meantime, a new destroyer is added to the Danish navy. There are over 113 ships in total flying Danish colors.
 * Republic of Sweden: Sweden also sees profit in the fall of Pskov. With money flowing into the Kattegat and out of Pskovian wallets, there is one undoubted ruler of the Baltic Seas now. Telephone lines are built in Sweden as electricity is brought to the northern cities and towns of Sweden. The Republic of Sweden commissions two destroyers into the Swedish fleet. There are now over 200 ships flying Swedish colors. Sweden offers to westernize the Caliphate in exchange for oil.
 * Republic of Norway: Christjen Sigurson continues his term as president of the Norwegian Republic. Norway produces the Knulleskipetditt-Class protected cruiser, deciding the Stejt-Class is unfit for patrolling the North Sea and the open waters. Three are produced. In the meantime, Norway sends troops to the cause in the Winter War, congratulating Iceland on a victory. Christjen Sigurdson states the necessity of good relations with Algonquia and Borealia following this war. "Now that we've settled these differences, let's get back to making money." There are currently 193 ships flying Norwegian colors.
 * Republic of Finland: Jonna Kekkonnen visits the Karelian cities this year. She wishes to improve the cities of Karelja, forming the Karelja Initiative. In the meantime, landlines to Sweden and Norway are proposed. Construction is mid-way by Christmas this year. She sends money and foodstuff to Helluland in the Winter War. The Anaalihävityksen-Class protected cruiser is commissioned, though Finland is more interested in buying used ships from the Nordic Revolutions where applicable. The city of Helsinki sees drastic growth this year as urbanization in Finland continues. Kekkekon continues to fight for women's rights. There are 73 ships in Finland's navy. In the meantime, seeing Reme's success with powered flight, Finland considers recreating the experiment.
 * Commonwealth of Iceland: Iceland's immediate concern, the Winter War, seems to be over. The people of Iceland rejoice. Literacy programs in Iceland begin. According to the Alting, too many people 'can't figure out how to spell our damn words right.' Reykyjavik sees improvements this year. The University of Reykyjavik opens its doors in 1881. The university is noted for being the 'North Pole of Academia.' Speaking of the North Pole, expeditions are sent to the Arctic ice cap to investigate the North Pole. The navy of Iceland improves, with the Augapóker-Class cruiser being released this year. Iceland wishes to increase relations with Algonquia and Borealia, offering to re-open the embassy in Helluland and Reykjavik.
 * Morocco: The Sultanate of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 500,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 18 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 1.4 million soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships, 14 frigates, 15 cruisers and 20 destroyers. Continue building a series of early fighters, bombers and now a few airships on military airports, which later added into Moroccan Air Force. The nation expends south by 16,000 sq km, with a few new cities being built. Roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer museums, colleges and more houses, schools, hospitals, power plants and mining plants are built. The mining plants produces materials coal, iron and now gold and copper, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. The telephone/communications and mosaics industries continue to grow under a few large monopolies. With parts of the country hooked up to electricity, few middle class citizens and rich citizens have light in their homes. The telegraph is popular with the rich and business people. The telephone is popular with the rich people of society. A few docks and mosques are built. The Moroccan Navy continues building a series of cargo ships, which cargo ships are for trade and for future tensions. Trade with various major European powers decides economic boom of Morocco and Morocco's largest exports are mosaics and largest imports are mostly food. Artillery becomes more widely used in combat and more industries continues building a series of wartime artillery, which later added it to Moroccan Armed Forces. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and few new railway lines are opened in service. Sultan Abdelaziz continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. When Lombardy declares Spain as its main enemy due to two nations wants Sardinia, Morocco requests Lombardy for alliance and trade agreement.
 * Hawaii: While more improvement comes out, the nation looks to grow the population even more. The population stands about 500k. At the military, the plans have been engaged, but for some reason, the expansion could be ruled out because some countries are very close but friendly. The islands even do good.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures toward Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself toward the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman and Vlachian forces move in, securing the southern part of the country and stopping at the Wallachian-Moldavian border, as per the compromise between the Communists and Monarchists. Support for the true Vlachian government rises, and the Roman Empire provides the southern government the resources it needs to get itself back on its feet. To help stabilize its northern border, train cars full of weapons and ammo are sent to Croatia, hopefully to bolster that front. The rebel Syrians are seen as an annoyance, and as such local forces are tasked with putting them down. Troops are stationed in Syria after the cancellation of the supposed alliance, and alliances with Georgia and Assyria are affirmed again. Troops are sent to contain the uprising in Africa.
 * Tartar Empire:  The fall of the Tartary is a huge surprise, and many officials fled to Roman lands. However, the Roman Empire was able to set up a puppet government claiming legitimacy from the remnants of the Tartary. The Tartar royal family is installed as the leaders of this puppet state, with much of the government based on that of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire does what it can to industrialize and modernize the puppet state, which effectively only controls the Black Sea coast. Effort is put entirely into the army, as there is no power that can challenge the might of the Roman navy in the Black Sea. Demoralized remnants of the Tartar Army along with volunteers are trained by Roman officers to help get the state back on its feet.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The Franqi brothers begin experimenting with the idea of heavier-than-air flight, but the task is daunting and will take some time to perfect a flying device. They manage to create a working model which flies for several seconds. However, it isn't impressive enough and they continue their work. Following the outbreak of war, the Reman Empire declares war on France and sends troops to help the Spanish in their front.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started being worked on.
 * Emeraldie: The land forces stand at 90,000 men, with 70,000 in reserve, modernisation of the armed forces is completed. Vast industrial expansion occurs in the region following years of government encouragement and subsidies. We expand 800 px into the continent's interior. The Emerald Canal is completed with the first ships passing through the canal, bring a new source of income to the nation. With the booming economy, the government begins investing heavily in education and infrastructure. In other news, the first domestically produced cars are built, with companies taking advantage of the growing petrol supply. The Royal Air Corps is expanded with new purpose built aircraft, it now includes 40 planes and four bomber Zeppelins, construction of the world's first aircraft carrier begins using modified hulls of giant ocean liners, it should be completed in 1918. Following the international air race, new technologies are learnt from the event which are then used to further improve our aircraft. In other news the Royal Airship company is founded and with backing from the government, lays out plans for a system of routes connecting the major cities.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories: A legislative parliament is created to take care of local issues. The South Pacific station is expanded with new modern ships. The territorial government is granted the ability to control a small armed force to maintain peace in the region and protect from native aggression, its current numbers are around 8000 men. A region detachment of the RAC is created with a new airport built in Tahiti. Native islanders are given the ability to vote in local and general elections.
 * Commonwealth States of Bavaria, Austria, Venezia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Saxony, Swabia, and Bremen:  The Augsburg Diet continues to operate, being able to pass universal female suffrage in 1896. In military news, the Governor-General allows the training of more troops and research into modern military technology. In other news, Germany annexes Alsace and Lorraine, incorporating them as Duchies. We mourn the death of Emperor Mary, and prepare to vote on a new Emperor. In Bavarian news, Klaudia Mikelssen launches a campaign for the Assembly, hoping to earn a seat. She remains very popular in her home district, and a victory is likely. We occupy the Autonomous Region of Burgundy, starting our ten year occupation period.

1917
'''Someone seriously dropped the ball on the turn transition. Not to mention that the Olympics came and went without a war to plausibly cancel them.'''

'''I blame edge. '''


 * Commonweath Kingdoms of Hamburg, Hanover, Prussia, Westphalia, Rhineland, Kuba, and New Rugia: New Mecklenburg, Kameroon, and German West Africa expand by 750 px each. Chancellor Michael Dietrich, a centrist and successor to Friedrich von Güstrow (due to lack of a proper election on our part) continues the programs of his predecessor. Dietrich proposes to the Diet a higher minimum safety standard for factories. The Commomwealth Kingdoms also sees further ship development, civilian as well as naval, and airship companies, both private and government operated, begin springing up. Meanwhile, several oil reserves are discovered in New Mecklenburg, and oil companies begin looking to open wells and refineries in the colony.


 * Indian Empire: Queen Farah Shah was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 441,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented on ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of India, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones, bulbs, electricity.  The Empress of India rejects the Roman offer to wait till 1922, and annexes Venad into the Indian Empire.  [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 70.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 50.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Punjabs exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 40.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagars exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well. Venad is incorporated into Vijaynagar.
 * Indian Overseas Territories: Aceh, Mauritius, Seychelles Tromelin and Reunion.
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue their industrial development as well as the research into airships.
 * Borealia_Flag_2.png Union of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Electrical power continues to spread, although one scientist claims to have created better light by conducting gas. A theory of quanta is developed to explain phenomenon as smaller levels, and more theories follow to develop machines at this level. Tanks continue to be developed. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Airplanes begin to be built on the Remen design in Pannenstiel. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast.  Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. Support continues to be given to the Republican rebels in China. In sympathy for the oppression of Communism in Europe, a small Communist Party emerges this year in New Vienna. These people are viewed suspiciously, however, as Communism usually has no place in Borealian culture. Several private companies begin sponsoring geologic surveys to assess the extent of oil in Arabia. According to Rubidson's research from 1907, the extent of oil deposits may be very vast. If that is the case, the companies ask the Caliph for 20% of the profits obtained from these resources. 
 * The State of Australia: The state greatly increases this year by beginning joint control over the colony of New Mecklenburg, provided by Germany on the provision of ceding the whole colony by 1929. The capital of the state is centered at Dandiri (OTL Brisbane), which administer over all land settlements and the Luwrit Sea (OTL Tasman Sea). Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry. Settlements begin to grow around the Lake Eyre region. With respect to the German colonial government, we ask Croatia to purchase the part of the outback north of Lake Eyre.
 * The Commonwealth of Oceana: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base on Midway. Exploration of West Antarctica continues. The nation considers expanding the Treaty of Midway over the waters within the Luwrit Sea. 
 * Colony of Kinshasa: With the incorporated French colony, continues to expand its lumber and mining companies with cheap labor picked up from surrounding natives. An organized government forms along with some small villages. The border expands inward 750 px.
 * Colony of North Antarctica: A small base is established on Antarctica's most northern peninsula, inhabited only six months of the year. A lighthouse begins construction to aid shipping that travels south of Cape Horn.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science. The Hyundai Motor Company continues to make more cars. Elections occur this year with Syngman Rhee winning and becoming the next Prime Minister.
 * Morocco: The Sultanate of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 500,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 18.5 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 1.4 million soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships, 14 frigates, 15 cruisers and 20 destroyers. Continue building a series of early fighters, bombers and now a few airships on military airports, which later added into Moroccan Air Force. The nation expends south by 16,000 sq km, with a few new cities being built. Roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer museums, colleges and more houses, schools, hospitals, power plants and mining plants are built. The mining plants produces materials coal, iron and now gold and copper, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. The telephone/communications and mosaics industries continue to grow under a few large monopolies. The first Moroccan automobile manufacturer headquartered in‎ Beni-Mellal, named Mellahu Motor Group, is founded on 8 august 1917 by Manihali brothers after successfully making its first car and it test driven. After, the newly born company begins mass building more cars. With parts of the country hooked up to electricity, few middle class citizens and rich citizens have light in their homes. The telegraph is popular with the rich and business people. The telephone is popular with the rich people of society. A few docks and mosques are built. The Moroccan Navy continues building a series of cargo ships, which cargo ships are for trade and for future tensions. Trade with various major European powers decides economic boom of Morocco and Morocco's largest exports are mosaics and largest imports are mostly food. Artillery becomes more widely used in combat and more industries continues building a series of wartime artillery, which later added it to Moroccan Armed Forces. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and few new railway lines are opened in service. Sultan Abdelaziz continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. A Moroccan embassy is built and established in Indian capital city to symbolize friendship between Morocco and India. One month later, another Moroccan embassy is built and established in Roman capital city.
 * Lombardy: Our military is continuing to increase due to technology becoming better. Factories still make weapons and vehicles for our military, but it is not the mostly made item. With the increase of factories in the nation, more jobs are being made. The employment rate has continue increase in the nation. Agriculture is our best industry in the nation. The railway industry is continuing to work on improving the tracks. Doctors are now continue to use X-rays to see the inside of people. Cars are now being popular within the middle class people, and not just the rich society. Trade goes well with the Roman Empire. The navy continues to make ships for trade and for future tensions. We continue to build many buildings like hospitals, colleges and banks. There are five years left for us occupying Sardinia.
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: The military is beefed up this year, with new technologies such as the battle cruiser, aeroplanes, and armoured cars being gradually introduced. By popular demand, the bright yellow coat is reintroduced as peacetime wear, even on duty. A modern, steel version of the traditional Burgonet helmet is introduced for wartime duty for all infantry. The Spitzbergan coal mines continue to expand, making big profits for the OHG. Spitzbergen territory expands. In Greenland, work begins on an airship airport to assist with trans-Atlantic flights.
 * Commonwealth Lordship of Neu Norderney: The Department of Aeronautics liaisons with their Hamburger and Kuban counterparts, and hope that the expanded airship route will be ready within two years, if not late next year. Work also begins on new railways, to connect the more remote areas of the Lordship.
 * Andea: Rapidly develops its industry. Industrial work becomes the most common field to work in. Average wage for industrial workers stands at 1000 reals, but the government set minimum wage stands at 400 reals. Yellow-Dog Contracts are offically outlawed this year in Andea. The military expands to include 650,000 men. With the outbreak of war overseas, the draft is enacted and funding is poured into military. The Grant-Ramon 2 rifle is adopted (ATL Springfield Rifle). The navy expands dramaticlly, with the inclusion of Dreadnoughts and Armored Cruisers making ironclads irrelevant. The Republican Party wins the Presidency, beating out the Nationals, Democrats, Hesperian, and the Progressives. This year sees the creation of the first movie theater in Andea, as well as the rise of consumer culture. The number of tanks is increased. We send 80,000 men and supplies to our Roman Allies. Population stands at 81 million. The Andean navy and air force expand as well.
 * Protectorate of Cape Ferdinand: rapidly develops shipyards and docks to increase the economic influence of the nation. Population stands at 165,000, and a garrison of 50,000 men remains active.
 * Protectorate of Sudafrica: The nation continues to centralize. Population stands at five million. A garrison of 110,000 remains active.
 * Spain: Continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities led to more people moving to the cities. The buildings rise higher and the trains run faster, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Barcelona and Madrid. Cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Boats and guns and cars. Spain begins to mass troops along the border with France and increases patrols around the entire coast of Spain. Spain continues to commission destroyers and increases the number of battle ready battleships in the Royal Armada. More artillery stuff. Carlo Ferreira continues to develop aeroplanes and makes great advances. The Spanish government condemns the Communist nations. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain continues to advocate the expansion of the anti-Communist League. The Spanish colony of West Africa expands 8000 sq km north in the west and east, totaling 16,000 sq km. Croats in Dahomey retain their rights. Dahomey expands 8000 sq km into the interior of Africa. The Spanish colony in southwest Africa expands 8000 sq km inland as well. Spain continues to develop better tanks. Also, Spain launches the super-dreadnought. Planes improve. Spain opens the Antarctica Conference. The Spanish Aeronautics Committee is created. SARDINIA FOR SPAIN. #NoMoreWikiaChanges
 * Algeria: Has an election. Ion Basurto succeeds Fabran as the Prime Minister, and is of his party. Algeria begins to near the Spanish level of military technology. Boats, guns, planes, money.
 * Singapore: Also continues to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain. Singapore also greatly benefits from the newly re-invigorated trade in the region. Singapore continues to accumulate wealth as a center of trade and all that nonsense.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures toward Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself toward the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman and Vlachian forces move in, securing the southern part of the country and stopping at the Wallachian-Moldavian border, as per the compromise between the Communists and Monarchists. Support for the true Vlachian government rises, and the Roman Empire provides the southern government the resources it needs to get itself back on its feet. To help stabilize its northern border, train cars full of weapons and ammo are sent to Croatia, hopefully to bolster that front. The rebel Syrians are seen as an annoyance, and as such local forces are tasked with putting them down. Troops are stationed in Syria after the cancellation of the supposed alliance, and alliances with Georgia and Assyria are affirmed again. Troops are sent to contain the uprising in Africa.
 * Tartar Empire:  The fall of the Tartary is a huge surprise, and many officials fled to Roman lands. However, the Roman Empire was able to set up a puppet government claiming legitimacy from the remnants of the Tartary. The Tartar royal family is installed as the leaders of this puppet state, with much of the government based on that of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire does what it can to industrialize and modernize the puppet state, which effectively only controls the Black Sea coast. Effort is put entirely into the army, as there is no power that can challenge the might of the Roman navy in the Black Sea. Demoralized remnants of the Tartar Army along with volunteers are trained by Roman officers to help get the state back on its feet.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The Franqi brothers begin experimenting with the idea of heavier-than-air flight, but the task is daunting and will take some time to perfect a flying device. They manage to create a working model which flies for several seconds. However, it isn't impressive enough and they continue their work. Following the outbreak of war, the Reman Empire declares war on France and sends troops to help the Spanish in their front.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started being worked on.

1918
''' By this point, millions of people have died in Russia and the Tartary following years of war and epidemics of disease like typhus and cholera. '''

''' The last of the Mikhailites are massacred by Russian forces outside of the city of Tver, ending their heretic horrors once and for all. The movement had been on its last legs since the Ruthenians executed the Mad Prophet and the rest of the upper leadership in 1914. The consquences of the Mad Prophet's rampage are still felt as it has caused a revival of Slavic paganism in southern Russia. Quite a few people have moved away from Christianity due to the association with the "Prophet" Mikhail and his psychotic thugs. '''

''' Olympics of last turn will be done as soon as I can do them. Sorry for the delay, last night was a bad time for all the mods. '''

Antarctica Conference

Andea:  Rapidly develops its industry. Industrial work becomes the most common field to work in. Average wage for industrial workers stands at 1000 reals, but the government set minimum wage stands at 400 reals. Yellow-Dog Contracts are offically outlawed this year in Andea. The military expands to include 650,000 men. With the outbreak of war overseas, the draft is enacted and funding is poured into military. . The navy expands dramaticlly, with the inclusion of Dreadnoughts and Armored Cruisers making ironclads irrelevant. The Republican Party wins the Presidency, beating out the Nationals, Democrats, Hesperian, and the Progressives. This year sees the creation of the first movie theater in Andea, as well as the rise of consumer culture. The number of tanks is increased. We send 80,000 men and supplies to our Roman Allies. Population stands at 81 million. The Andean navy and air force expand as well.
 * Indian Empire: Queen Farah Shah was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 441,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented on ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of India, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones, bulbs, electricity.  Venad, which was occupied during the Great War still has Indian troops present and Indian civilians are allowed to move to and fro. The government of Venad, however, remains Roman and the Indian troops shall continue to stationed in Venad until the Romans withdraw from India on a later unspecified date, which is assumed to be between 1920 and 1922. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 70.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 50.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Punjabs exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 40.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagars exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Indian Overseas Territories: Aceh, Mauritius, Seychelles, Tromelin and Reunion.
 * Caliphate drastically improves infrastructure, industry and economy. As we seek to protect our possesions, we become less expansionist into foreign cultures and lands. We continue westernization efforts especially in urban, developed regions, such as Baghdad. As with every year, we maintain our two Holy cities and donate a small amount of our income to charity, especially to the poor: beggars, widows, and more of the like. We maintain our military, but the military becomes less emphazied with the signing of the pan-Asian pact, which protects the Caliphate from any foreign invasion and threats. We improve relations with the Afghans, hoping to bring them into the Pact in the near future. With the death of Caliph Hakeem bin Malik many of our young citizens call him the "Magnificent", specifically for his republican reforms, implementing the Shura. With the westernization and increasing democratic power, we begin, on a small scale, implementing railroads, especially connecting urban cities and regions. We also begin construction on large-scale of an Ironclad fleet, in order to combat the Roman fleet. With the full implementation and the construction of roads, postal service, railroads, transportation and news travels faster than ever, allowing the unity of the Caliphate. We begin to encourage urban cities sto start developing their own newspapers, as along with the arrival of radios into the Caliphate, due to the Westernization Effort. We continue to support the idea of the Caliphate as a pan-Islamic state, not Pan-Arabic. The Government completely reforms, seeking Hakeem's dream of a truly democratic Caliphate. A new office is created: Sultan. The Caliph becomes only the religious leader of the Caliphate, whose position is heredity, with the Sultan being elected from the Shura. The Caliphate begins to become federalized, with every province of the Caliphate holding a small amount of power. We continue to attempt to convert Shia Muslims, even bribing local religious leaders to begin to teach Sunni beliefs. With the war against the Romans ending with status quo ante bellum and restoration of all previous treaties, the Caliphate becomes desperate to look for new wealth. With oil found in Persia, and predictions of an even greater oil field by Borealian geologists, the Caliphate offers to grant Borealian companies 20% of all profits from oil sales, starting from the year the Caliphate first starts exporting oil. The Caliphate continues to head to democracy with the foundation set by Caliph Hakeem.
 * Commonwealth Kingdoms of Hamburg, Hanover, Prussia, Westphalia, Rhineland, Kuba, and New Rugia: New Mecklenburg, Kameroon, German West Africa expand by 750 px each. In light of the Antarctic Conference, several stations, mostly for research purposes, are established on the coast of Kaiser Mary Land to support the German claim to the land. Some oil drilling in New Mecklenburg, after the discovery of oil last year, begins, and more plans are made for expansions next year. Meanwhile, the first airship to travel from Sophiastadt, New Rugia to Keudez, New Mecklenburg (otl Sydney) does so this year.
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue their industrial development as well as the research into airships.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science. The Hyundai Motor Company continues to make more cars.
 * Borealia_Flag_2.png Union of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Electrical power continues to spread, although one scientist claims to have created better light by conducting gas. A theory of quanta is developed to explain phenomenon as smaller levels, and more theories follow to develop machines at this level. Tanks continue to be developed. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Airplanes begin to be built on the Remen design in Pannenstiel. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast.  Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. Support continues to be given to the Republican rebels in China. In sympathy for the oppression of Communism in Europe, a small Communist Party emerges this year in New Vienna. These people are viewed suspiciously, however, as Communism usually has no place in Borealian culture. Companies continue to search for oil in Arabia.
 * The State of Australia: The state greatly increases this year by beginning joint control over the colony of New Mecklenburg, provided by Germany on the provision of ceding the whole colony by 1929. The capital of the state is centered at Dandiri (OTL Brisbane), which administer over all land settlements and the Luwrit Sea (OTL Tasman Sea). Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry. Settlements begin to grow around the Lake Eyre region. With respect to the German colonial government, we ask Croatia to purchase the part of the outback north of Lake Eyre.
 * The Commonwealth of Oceana: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base on Midway. Exploration of West Antarctica continues. The nation considers expanding the Treaty of Midway over the waters within the Luwrit Sea. 
 * Colony of Kinshasa: With the incorporated French colony, continues to expand its lumber and mining companies with cheap labor picked up from surrounding natives. An organized government forms along with some small villages. The border expands inward 750 px.
 * Colony of North Antarctica: A small base is established on Antarctica's most northern peninsula, inhabited only six months of the year. A lighthouse begins construction to aid shipping that travels south of Cape Horn.
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: The airship-port in Greenland is completed, allowing for midway stops in Trans-Atlantic flights. Spotzbergen Territory expands.
 * Commonwealth Lordship of Neu Norderney: Work continues throughout the year on the new Great Airship Route, with all but the final touches complete by the year's end. The government sets up a pension scheme for all soldiers who took part in the Great War, with injured soldiers, and the families of the dead, receiving special payments.
 * Hawaii: Improvement from military and economy. Some work are still in the factory, planning for development. Military could expect more troops to join and train for good. Even some islands are in safe condition but some cities will be built if guaranteed.
 * Morocco: The Sultanate of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 500,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 19 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 1.4 million soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships, 14 frigates, 15 cruisers and 20 destroyers. Continue building a series of early fighters, bombers and now a few airships on military airports, which later added into Moroccan Air Force. The nation expends to south by 8,000 sq km and to east by 8,000 sq km, totaling 16,000 sq km, with a few new cities being built. Roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer museums, colleges and more houses, schools, hospitals, power plants and mining plants are built. The mining plants produces materials coal, iron and now gold and copper, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. The telephone/communications and mosaics industries continue to grow under a few large monopolies. The Moroccan automobile manufacturer Mellahu Motor Group continues mass building of cars and begins to sold its cars into Spain and Roman Empire. With parts of the country hooked up to electricity, few middle class citizens and rich citizens have light in their homes. The telegraph is popular with the rich and business people. The telephone is popular with the rich people of society. Cars are popular with middle and the rich class. A few docks and mosques are built. In political news, the previous king Abdelaziz dies and Abdelhafid succeeds to throne as the new sultan of Morocco. The Moroccan Navy continues building a series of cargo ships, which cargo ships are for trade and for future tensions. Trade with various major European powers decides economic boom of Morocco and Morocco's largest exports are mosaics and largest imports are mostly food. Artillery becomes more widely used in combat and more industries continues building a series of wartime artillery, which later added it to Moroccan Armed Forces. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and few new railway lines are opened in service. Sultan Abdelhafid continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. The Moroccan national state-owned broadcaster, named Moroccan Berber's Broadcasting Service (MBBS), is founded and headquartered in Rabat, marking its first national radio broadcast in Morocco as MBBS's first radio channel is founded.
 * Lombardy: Our military is continuing to increase due to technology becoming better. Factories still make weapons and vehicles for our military, but it is not the mostly made item. With the increase of factories in the nation, more jobs are being made. The employment rate has continue increase in the nation. Agriculture is our best industry in the nation. The railway industry is continuing to work on improving the tracks. Doctors are now continue to use X-rays to see the inside of people. Cars are now being popular within the middle class people, and not just the rich society. Trade goes well with the Roman Empire. The navy continues to make ships for trade and for future tensions. We continue to build many buildings like hospitals, colleges and banks. There are four years left for us occupying Sardinia.
 * Emeraldie: The land forces stand at 90,000 men, with 70,000 in reserve, modernisation of the armed forces is completed. Vast industrial expansion occurs in the region following years of government encouragement and subsidies. We expand 800 px into the continent's interior. With the booming economy, the government begins investing heavily in education and infrastructure. In other news, the first domestically produced cars are built, with companies taking advantage of the growing petrol supply. The Royal Air Corps is expanded with new purpose built aircraft, it now includes 40 planes and four bomber Zeppelins, the world's first aircraft carrier is completed, christened HMES Charlemagne, it represents the pinnacle of naval aeronautics. In other news the Royal Airship company is founded and with backing from the government, lays out plans for a system of routes connecting the major cities.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories: The territorial government is granted the ability to control a small armed force to maintain peace in the region and protect from native aggression, its current numbers are around 8000 men. A region detachment of the RAC is created with a new airport built in Tahiti.
 * Spain: Continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities led to more people moving to the cities. The buildings rise higher and the trains run faster, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Barcelona and Madrid. Cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Boats and guns and cars. Spain begins to mass troops along the border with France and increases patrols around the entire coast of Spain. Spain continues to commission destroyers and increases the number of battle ready battleships in the Royal Armada. More artillery stuff. Carlo Ferreira continues to develop aeroplanes and makes great advances. The Spanish government condemns the Communist nations. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain continues to advocate the expansion of the anti-Communist League. The Spanish colony of West Africa expands 8000 sq km north in the west and east, totaling 16,000 sq km. Croats in Dahomey retain their rights. Dahomey expands 8000 sq km into the interior of Africa. The Spanish colony in southwest Africa expands 8000 sq km inland as well. Cars. Spain continues to develop better tanks. Also, Spain launches the super-dreadnought. Planes improve. Spain continues the Antarctica Conference. SARDINIA FOR SPAIN. #NoMoreWikiaChanges
 * Algeria: Has an election. Ion Basurto succeeds Fabran as the Prime Minister, and is of his party. Algeria begins to near the Spanish level of military technology. Boats, guns, planes, cars, money.
 * Singapore: Also continues to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain. Singapore also greatly benefits from the newly re-invigorated trade in the region. Singapore continues to accumulate wealth as a center of trade and all that nonsense.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures toward Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself toward the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman and Vlachian forces move in, securing the southern part of the country and stopping at the Wallachian-Moldavian border, as per the compromise between the Communists and Monarchists. Support for the true Vlachian government rises, and the Roman Empire provides the southern government the resources it needs to get itself back on its feet. To help stabilize its northern border, train cars full of weapons and ammo are sent to Croatia, hopefully to bolster that front. The rebel Syrians are seen as an annoyance, and as such local forces are tasked with putting them down. Troops are stationed in Syria after the cancellation of the supposed alliance, and alliances with Georgia and Assyria are affirmed again. Troops are sent to contain the uprising in Africa.
 * Tartar Empire:  The fall of the Tartary is a huge surprise, and many officials fled to Roman lands. However, the Roman Empire was able to set up a puppet government claiming legitimacy from the remnants of the Tartary. The Tartar royal family is installed as the leaders of this puppet state, with much of the government based on that of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire does what it can to industrialize and modernize the puppet state, which effectively only controls the Black Sea coast. Effort is put entirely into the army, as there is no power that can challenge the might of the Roman navy in the Black Sea. Demoralized remnants of the Tartar Army along with volunteers are trained by Roman officers to help get the state back on its feet.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The Franqi brothers begin experimenting with the idea of heavier-than-air flight, but the task is daunting and will take some time to perfect a flying device. They manage to create a working model which flies for several seconds. However, it isn't impressive enough and they continue their work. Following the outbreak of war, the Reman Empire declares war on France and sends troops to help the Spanish in their front.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started being worked on.
 * Protectorate of Cape Ferdinand: rapidly develops shipyards and docks to increase the economic influence of the nation. Population stands at 165,000, and a garrison of 50,000 men remains active.
 * Protectorate of Sudafrica: The nation continues to centralize. Population stands at five million. A garrison of 110,000 remains.

1919
''' After a few years of separation and many years of Russian slavery, the three Tartar states unify into one. They now only look to the Tatar Empire in the south to join them and complete the unification. '''

'''How does that even make sense, and how is it fair to just declare a bunch of nations unify? This is a special type of moderator event, because unlike a rebellion the player can't even fight this. You are essentially controlling a bunch of nations, and clearly at the expense of Mongolia. This is kind of like all the occupied zones of Germany just being unified in 1945. No fighting? What about the occupied governments, and the puppets? And the fact that they are wartorn? This event is pretty arbitrary in that regard. Not to mention all the states are already in a union. Since when do states just combine without any sort of 'paperwork'.'''

''' Many Chinese protest the division of their country and the dominion of Japan over China. Riots soon break out in major cities, and by the end of the year most of China is in popular nationalist revolt, demanding that their country be free, independent and unified. '''

'''It is implausible for the warlord factions in China to unite, in order to fight against the Japanese. The warlord factions may dislike Japan, but that is no reason for them to unite. They've varying interests and would most likely fight their own 'separate' wars. China may be 'united' in opposition to Japan, but not united in a sense that is, under a single government. I'll give a few examples in order to explain why there is no way for China to magically unite.''' '''​I think you guys get the idea now. China doesn't magically unite. I am not saying that China shouldn't revolt, but Chinese unification lacks any sense. I would be the same as if Spain magically united after the Treaty of Toledo. '''
 * Japan empowered the Manchu, and restored Manchu control over Northern China. Without support from Japan, the Manchu state would collapse. Hence, the Manchu interests would be in aiding Japan. 
 * The area that historically constitued the atl Wu Empire would be economically dependent on Japan for trade, and have been dependent on Japan for over 300 years now. They would see no reason to oppose Japan, and would rather support Japan. It should also be important to mention that the Wu fishery industry would also collapse if Japan attempted to blockade Wu. Hence, Wu interests would be in aiding Japan. 
 * SiChuan invaded the state of Qinghai during the Great War, and attempted to have the state annexed into SiChuan. This would naturally result in Qinghai bitterly opposing SiChuan, and would also be keen on supporting Japan considering the fact that it was Japan that intervened to protect Qinghais sovereignity and integrity. Hence, Qinghais interests would be in aiding Japan. 
 * The Uighur state in China, Xinyiang would never support the war. The state is ethnically, culturally and religiously different from the rest of China and would see little to no reason to support the Chinese Nationalist War. Hence, Uighur interests would be in remaining neutral

''' In India, the Hindu people of the south are up in arms, claiming that the promises of the Indian Empress were not fulfilled and that total victory in the Great War was not achieved. Angry at that broken promise and angry for other issues, the Hindus rise up in popular revolt. '''


 * Indian Empire: Queen Farah Shah was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 441,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. Indian scientists explore Antarctica, and set up a base. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 800,000 troops with an additional 500,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented on ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of India, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones, bulbs, electricity. Civilians move to and fro into Venad, although borders are temporarily closed for fears of rebels entering into Venad. The Roman authorities of Venad are warned to keep aware of rebels. At the same time, troops are sent to bring down the Hindu revolt which, however, is made to appear to the general public as an international conspiracy to disturb the success and progress of India. A large force is raised to destroy the rebels. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 70.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 180,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights. Jihad is declared on the Hindu infidels. 
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 50.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and fruits maintained a major presence in Punjabs exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 40.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 200,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagars exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well. The Khedivate largely falls to the rebels, although reinforcements continue to arrive which help to protect Coimbatore from the rebels. Major fighting also takes place at Chennai as the rebels launch an offensive. 
 * Indian Overseas Territories: Aceh, Mauritius, Seychelles, Tromelin and Reunion.
 * Caliphate: Drastically improves infrastructure, industry and economy. As we seek to protect our possesions, we become less expansionist into foreign cultures and lands. We continue westernization efforts especially in urban, developed regions, such as Baghdad. As with every year, we maintain our two Holy cities and donate a small amount of our income to charity, especially to the poor: beggars, widows, and more of the like. We maintain our military, but the military becomes less emphazied with the signing of the pan-Asian pact, which protects the Caliphate from any foreign invasion and threats. We improve relations with the Afghans, hoping to bring them into the Pact in the near future. With the death of Caliph Hakeem bin Malik many of our young citizens call him the "Magnificent", specifically for his republican reforms, implementing the Shura. With the westernization and increasing democratic power, we begin, on a small scale, implementing railroads, especially connecting urban cities and regions. We also begin construction on large-scale of an Ironclad fleet, in order to combat the Roman fleet. With the full implementation and the construction of roads, postal service, railroads, transportation and news travels faster than ever, allowing the unity of the Caliphate. We begin to encourage urban cities sto start developing their own newspapers, as along with the arrival of radios into the Caliphate, due to the Westernization Effort. We continue to support the idea of the Caliphate as a pan-Islamic state, not Pan-Arabic. The Government completely reforms, seeking Hakeem's dream of a truly democratic Caliphate. A new office is created: Sultan. The Caliph becomes only the religious leader of the Caliphate, whose position is heredity, with the Sultan being elected from the Shura. The Caliphate begins to become federalized, with every province of the Caliphate holding a small amount of power. We continue to attempt to convert Shia Muslims, even bribing local religious leaders to begin to teach Sunni beliefs. With the war against the Romans ending with status quo ante bellum and restoration of all previous treaties, the Caliphate becomes desperate to look for new wealth. With oil found in Persia, and predictions of an even greater oil field by Borealian geologists, the Caliphate offers to grant Borealian companies 20% of all profits from oil sales, starting from the year the Caliphate first starts exporting oil. The Caliphate continues to head to democracy with the foundation set by Caliph Hakeem. Military support is sent to the Indian Empire.
 * Nederlanden: We continue improving our military and develops new fighters. The armored cavalry is expanded, now with 12 brigades. Belgium is renamed Dutch France. Eco and Mil
 * Dutch France: Eco and Infra.
 * Luxembourg: Eco and Infra.
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue their industrial development as well as the research into airships.
 * Borealia_Flag_2.png Union of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Films in color are becoming more popular. Electrical power continues to spread, although one scientist claims to have created better light by conducting gas. A theory of quanta is developed to explain phenomenon as smaller levels, and more theories follow to develop machines at this level. Tanks continue to be developed. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Airplanes begin to be built on the Remen design in Pannenstiel. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast.  Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. In sympathy for the oppression of Communism in Europe, a small Communist Party emerges this year in New Vienna. These people are viewed suspiciously, however, as Communism usually has no place in Borealian culture. Companies continue to search for oil in Arabia. Borealia sends economic support to both the Nationalist Government of China and the new Tartar Empire. We ask Japan to consider ceding some of its territory to these native governments. The joint Borealian-Japanese-Indian aviation program greatly increases in its size and scope, planing to perfect passenger planes within three years.
 * The State of Australia: The state greatly increases this year by beginning joint control over the colony of New Mecklenburg, provided by Germany on the provision of ceding the whole colony by 1929. The capital of the state is centered at Dandiri (OTL Brisbane), which administer over all land settlements and the Luwrit Sea (OTL Tasman Sea). Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry. Settlements begin to grow around the Lake Eyre region. With respect to the German colonial government, we ask Croatia to purchase the part of the outback north of Lake Eyre.
 * The Commonwealth of Oceana: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base on Midway. Exploration of West Antarctica continues. The nation considers expanding the Treaty of Midway over the waters within the Luwrit Sea. 
 * Colony of Kinshasa: With the incorporated French colony, continues to expand its lumber and mining companies with cheap labor picked up from surrounding natives. An organized government forms along with some small villages. The border expands inward 750 px.
 * Colony of North Antarctica: A small base is established on Antarctica's most northern peninsula, inhabited only six months of the year. A lighthouse begins construction to aid shipping that travels south of Cape Horn.
 * Spain: Continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities led to more people moving to the cities. The buildings rise higher and the trains run faster, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Barcelona and Madrid. Cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Boats and guns and cars. Spain begins to mass troops along the border with France and increases patrols around the entire coast of Spain. Spain continues to commission destroyers and increases the number of battle ready battleships in the Royal Armada. More artillery stuff. Carlo Ferreira continues to develop aeroplanes and makes great advances. The Spanish government condemns the Communist nations. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain continues to advocate the expansion of the anti-Communist League. The Spanish colony of West Africa expands 8000 sq km north in the west and east, totaling 16,000 sq km. Croats in Dahomey retain their rights. Dahomey expands 8000 sq km into the interior of Africa. The Spanish colony in southwest Africa expands 8000 sq km inland as well. Cars. Spain continues to develop better tanks. Also, Spain launches the super-dreadnought. Planes improve. Spain continues the Antarctica Conference. The borders of Spanish Africa begin to be redrawn to accomodate for colony size and ethnic differences. SARDINIA FOR SPAIN. #NoMoreWikiaChanges
 * Algeria: Has an election. Ion Basurto succeeds Fabran as the Prime Minister, and is of his party. Algeria begins to near the Spanish level of military technology. Boats, guns, planes, cars, money.
 * Singapore: Also continues to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain. Singapore also greatly benefits from the newly re-invigorated trade in the region. Singapore continues to accumulate wealth as a center of trade and all that nonsense.
 * Morocco: The Sultanate of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 500,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 19.5 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 1.4 million soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships, 14 frigates, 15 cruisers and 20 destroyers. Continue building a series of early fighters, bombers and now a few airships on military airports, which later added into Moroccan Air Force. The nation expends to south by 8000 sq km and to east by 8000 sq km, totaling 16,000 sq km, with a few new cities being built. Roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer museums, colleges and more houses, schools, hospitals, power plants and mining plants are built. The mining plants produces materials coal, iron and now gold and copper, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. The telephone/communications and mosaics industries continue to grow under a few large monopolies. The Moroccan automobile manufacturer Mellahu Motor Group continues mass building of cars and begins to sold its cars into Spain and Roman Empire. With parts of the country hooked up to electricity, few middle class citizens and rich citizens have light in their homes. The telegraph is popular with the rich and business people. The telephone is popular with the rich people of society. Cars are popular with middle and the rich class. A few docks and mosques are built. The Moroccan Navy continues building a series of cargo ships, which cargo ships are for trade and for future tensions. Trade with various major European powers decides economic boom of Morocco and Morocco's largest exports are mosaics and largest imports are mostly food. Artillery becomes more widely used in combat and more industries continues building a series of wartime artillery, which later added it to Moroccan Armed Forces. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and few new railway lines are opened in service. Sultan Abdelhafid continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. Morocco begins the Antarctica Conference, claiming lands from east border of OTL British Antarctica to Prime Meridian West.
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: The military is expanded and improved. The army unveils its first squadron of fighter biplanes, to complement the navy's airships. The Spitzbergen mines continue to be highly profitable for the state and the OHG. The OHG, using its newly acquired funds, opens a department store in the Old Town of Oldenburg, in an old mansion. It is instantly popular with the rich and middle class. Chancellor Br Friederich gets his Old Age and Disability Pension Bill through the Landtag.
 * Commonwealth Lordship of Neu Norderney: The Great Airship Route is finally opened this year, with a lucky few holiday goers flying from Oldenburg to Kuba, via Neu Norderney and Neu Mecklenburg. Economy improves.


 * Lombardy: Our military is continuing to increase due to technology becoming better. Factories still make weapons and vehicles for our military, but it is not the mostly made item. With the increase of factories in the nation, more jobs are being made. The employment rate has continue increase in the nation. Agriculture is our best industry in the nation. The railway industry is continuing to work on improving the tracks. Doctors are now continue to use X-rays to see the inside of people. Cars are now being popular within the middle class people, and not just the rich society. Trade goes well with the Roman Empire. The navy continues to make ships for trade and for future tensions. We continue to build many buildings like hospitals, colleges and banks. There are three years left for us occupying Sardinia.
 * Hawaii: Hawaii could provide building factories in the near islands. Honolulu's population grows up little, but to be discussed the troops already doing their work on the weapons but truly it is matter of time which concedes for the empire to grow. Hawaii's economy grows and improves in for a good income taxes, including that more profits could expect a big paid.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science. The Hyundai Motor Company continues to build more cars.
 * Empire of Lanka: The Lankan government focuses on industrialization. Accelerated industrialization in Lanka continues. The Edict of 1891 and Waardige Accord stay in effect. Dutch architecture, arts and culture have had a permanent effect on Lankan culture, although Lankan culture still remains with its own identity. The army remains one of the most modern in Asia due to the permanent result of European military from the Dutch throughout the protectoratecy. As the populations move to the cities, more and more men are recruited in the Lankan army. The parliament enacts nationwide conscription to reform the military, requiring all able-bodied men above twenty-one need to have at least eight years in active service, following by three years in the reserves. As the populations move to the cities, more and more men are recruited in the Lankan army. The most recent census taken in 1860, accounts for 2,992,224 citizens. The trade ports on the island remain in heavy use with expansion of trade in Asia. Significant urbanization causes the cities of Waardige, Sri Jaywardenepura Kotte, Kandy, Kalmunai, and Galle, to be flooded with people. Waardige continues to be a trade, technological and industrial center in Asia. The complex Waardige canal system sees fall in use as more and more it becomes outdated due to changes in ships. The Island Spoorwegmaatschappij starts massive construction of railroads across the islands. Religion in the empire continues to be mixed with the three main religions of Hinduism, Buddhism and Dutch Reformist being worshipped on the main island while there are a few animist natives on Nava Kotte. The Lankan navy still holds warships that were supplied during the protectoratecy. The provincie system instituted in 1773 is changed to be less feudal and more bureaucratic, which basically turns them into an administrative division. The the title of the head of the provincie is changed from Count to Emperor's Commissioner. The King's Commissioner is also the head of the parliament (provinciale staten) in the provincie. Along with there being provinciale statens, a main parliament is also created. This main parliament will be assembled on the Emperor's command, and is used to decide issues, create public projects, and pass laws for the whole empire. Last year the emperor called the main parliament to discuss the issue of public education and the idea of the creating a constitution. The Emperor and the parliament passed the Compulsory Education Act of 1886, which states that education in Lanka for the ages of five to ten is compulsory. In elementary school the children learn Sinhala and Dutch (reading and writing) and basic mathematics. Also incorporated in this act is an edict against children working over thirteen hours a day. The emperor and parliament also created a constitution that officially set up the bureaucratic system. Last year parliament wanted to start to pursue a policy of faster industrialization, and to do this they passed the Edict of 1888 which abolished the caste system and slavery as well. Lankan industrial funding is used to build factories in the capital first, and then creating factories across major cities in the empire. To assist accelearted industrialization, Lanka tries to define its national unity. The government establishes the national language to be Sinhalese, and enforces this in schools. Buddhism continues to be the national religion and is inserted into the national curriculum. Lanka starts massively producing and exporting cigars (and other uses for tobacco), rubber, and mining diamonds and other precious gems. Galle continues to be fit by the Germans to build ironclads. Ironclads continue being purchased from the Germans. Lanka signs an alliance and trade pact with Spain, and a separate trade pact is signed with India. Seeing international reactions on the Tamil language ban, the Emperor modifies the law in the Edict of 1904. The edict states that Tamil is allowed to be spoken everywhere, but only written in public places in Tamil majority areas, and on Tamil religious buildings. The Empire begins to modernize its military by purchasing weapons from Japan and Rome, and specifically the Maxim Gun from India. Lanka begins producing massive amounts of tea to export to Europe. The Compulsory Education Act of 1919 is passed in parliament which extends compulsory education from the ages five to ten, to five to fifteen. The edict also lifts the fourteen hour band on child labor, and instead makes it so children can only work on Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday, and Sunday, while school is hosted on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.
 * United Nordic Republics
 * ​Republic of Denmark: Denmark capitalizes on the fall of Pskov. With money flowing into the Kattegat and out of Pskovian wallets, there is one undoubted ruler of the Baltic Seas now. Former Communists flee to Jutland since Denmark is a Socialist state. Prime Minister Albert Wagner celebrates the end of the Great War, condemning Communism as a perversion of state-sponsored welfare. He worries that the actions of France have harmed Socialist movements in Europe, setting them back decades. In the meantime, a new destroyer is added to the Danish navy. There are over 113 ships in total flying Danish colors.
 * Republic of Sweden: Sweden also sees profit in the fall of Pskov. With money flowing into the Kattegat and out of Pskovian wallets, there is one undoubted ruler of the Baltic Seas now. Telephone lines are built in Sweden as electricity is brought to the northern cities and towns of Sweden. The Republic of Sweden commissions two destroyers into the Swedish fleet. There are now over 200 ships flying Swedish colors. Sweden offers to westernize the Caliphate in exchange for oil.
 * Republic of Norway: Christjen Sigurson continues his term as president of the Norwegian Republic. Norway produces the Knulleskipetditt-Class protected cruiser, deciding the Stejt-Class is unfit for patrolling the North Sea and the open waters. Three are produced. In the meantime, Norway sends troops to the cause in the Winter War, congratulating Iceland on a victory. Christjen Sigurdson states the necessity of good relations with Algonquia and Borealia following this war. "Now that we've settled these differences, let's get back to making money." There are currently 193 ships flying Norwegian colors.
 * Republic of Finland: Jonna Kekkonnen visits the Karelian cities this year. She wishes to improve the cities of Karelja, forming the Karelja Initiative. In the meantime, landlines to Sweden and Norway are proposed. Construction is mid-way by Christmas this year. She sends money and foodstuff to Helluland in the Winter War. The Anaalihävityksen-Class protected cruiser is commissioned, though Finland is more interested in buying used ships from the Nordic Revolutions where applicable. The city of Helsinki sees drastic growth this year as urbanization in Finland continues. Kekkekon continues to fight for women's rights. There are 73 ships in Finland's navy. In the meantime, seeing Reme's success with powered flight, Finland considers recreating the experiment.
 * Commonwealth of Iceland: Iceland's immediate concern, the Winter War, seems to be over. The people of Iceland rejoice. Literacy programs in Iceland begin. According to the Alting, too many people 'can't figure out how to spell our damn words right.' Reykyjavik sees improvements this year. The University of Reykyjavik opens its doors in 1881. The university is noted for being the 'North Pole of Academia.' Speaking of the North Pole, expeditions are sent to the Arctic ice cap to investigate the North Pole. The navy of Iceland improves, with the Augapóker-Class cruiser being released this year. Iceland wishes to increase relations with Algonquia and Borealia, offering to re-open the embassy in Helluland and Reykjavik.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures toward Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself toward the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman and Vlachian forces move in, securing the southern part of the country and stopping at the Wallachian-Moldavian border, as per the compromise between the Communists and Monarchists. Support for the true Vlachian government rises, and the Roman Empire provides the southern government the resources it needs to get itself back on its feet. To help stabilize its northern border, train cars full of weapons and ammo are sent to Croatia, hopefully to bolster that front. The rebel Syrians are seen as an annoyance, and as such local forces are tasked with putting them down. Troops are stationed in Syria after the cancellation of the supposed alliance, and alliances with Georgia and Assyria are affirmed again. Troops are sent to contain the uprising in Africa.
 * Tartar Empire:  The fall of the Tartary is a huge surprise, and many officials fled to Roman lands. However, the Roman Empire was able to set up a puppet government claiming legitimacy from the remnants of the Tartary. The Tartar royal family is installed as the leaders of this puppet state, with much of the government based on that of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire does what it can to industrialize and modernize the puppet state, which effectively only controls the Black Sea coast. Effort is put entirely into the army, as there is no power that can challenge the might of the Roman navy in the Black Sea. Demoralized remnants of the Tartar Army along with volunteers are trained by Roman officers to help get the state back on its feet.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The Franqi brothers begin experimenting with the idea of heavier-than-air flight, but the task is daunting and will take some time to perfect a flying device. They manage to create a working model which flies for several seconds. However, it isn't impressive enough and they continue their work. Following the outbreak of war, the Reman Empire declares war on France and sends troops to help the Spanish in their front.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started being worked on.
 * Brazil: Settlement of Brazil’s new African territories is encouraged, especially in Porto Natal, Porto Centauro (Richard’s Bay), named for military leader Manuel Marques de Sousa, Barreto (Pietermaritzburg), named for José Luís Mena Barreto, Vila João (Johannesburg), named for King João of Guiana, and Vinicia (Pretoria). With the threat of the Zulu eliminated diamond and gold industries can be fully exploited, and a mass immigration occurs to the region from other portions of South Africa, Hesperia, and Europe. Brazil takes special interest in newly forming aviation industries, with a Brazilian pilot participating in the International Air Race. The Embraer Sociedade Anônima is founded as the nation’s first aerospace company in Santa Cruz, and begins designing its own line of Brazilian planes. Additionally the Ministério da Aeronáutica is founded to fund research and development of aviation related industries. The first all metal fighter prototype is created, denoted the Embraer C-7. This aircraft is capable of reaching a speed of 225 km/h, sustaining flight for one and a half hours, and armed with two fixed, forward-firing Cartuchos machine guns. The Embraer C-7 is improved to create the C-9, which begins mass production. Development of a light armoured reconnaissance vehicle begins to be employed in South Africa primarily. The Transvaal Union, a political union of Brazilian colonies and Estancieros republics is created to represent all the communities of South Africa collectively. The Estancieros are granted rule over the union, created a form of autonomy in Porto Natal and Solumbuso.

1920
''' To clarify some of the events of last turn, only the three independent tartar states are unifying, none of the vassals or puppet states are. This does make sense as they are independent, have local and free elections, and would realistically want to unify, since they have no clear force holding them back. '''

''' As for China, it's not unifying straight off the bat, it's a rebellion against the Japanese states and part of their goals is to unify China. If the revolt succeeds, then the Chinese states will unify, not before. '''

''' Spanish Indonesia begins to revolt against the Spanish. By the end of the year the nation is in full scale rebellion. (Non-Popular) '''

''' In the Caliphate, tensions between the Persians and Arabs break out and begin to grow. '''

''' Sudafrica revolts from Andea (Non-Popular). '''


 * Commonwealth Kingdoms of Hamburg, Hanover, Prussia, Westphalia, Rhineland, Kuba, and New Rugia: New Mecklenburg, Kameroon, and German West Africa expand by 750 px each. Naval research and development continues, this time looking to prolong the submerged time of submarines. Another experiment places a flat wooden deck on a cargo ship, intent on turning it into a seaborne airfield. The initial tests show some success, and further tests for next year are scheduled. Meanwhile, Michael Dietrich runs for a second term for German chancellor.


 * Indian Empire: Queen Farah Shah was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 441,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented on ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of India, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones, bulbs, electricity. Indian troops rapidly advance into rebel territory, but are unable to secure a major breakthrough. 700,000 troops are diverted towards Assam and Southern India, with an additional 850,000 troops arriving from Western India. Riots in Kolkata by the Hindu minority are largely curbed, with the areas constituting the late Vijaynagara Empire being the main war zone. To combat the Hindu rebels, Islamist and Nationalist Brigades are also raised; with sufficient success by these groups in Assam after having completely crippled the rebel force advancing upon Visakhapatnam. The Maxim Gun plays a decisive role during the war, ripping through the rebel army, resulting in their heavy losses. The military continues investing into the Tank as well, preparing to introduce the newer and much stronger Agni II. The Empress of India, Farah Shah declares the rebellion to be an international conspiracy to undermine the success and prosperity of India. Along the same time, Punjab is annexed. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 70.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000, with 15% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. The Bahamani port cities of Mahmudpur played a major role in international trade due to its strategic position, competing against Caliphates ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights. Jihad is declared upon the Pan Hindu rebels.
 * Khedivate of Udaipur: The Capital of Udaipur was Ahmadabad and the population was 50.8 million. The Udaipuri military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000, with 20% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. The Udaipuri port cities of Karachi and Surat played a major role in international trade due to their strategic position, competing against Caliphates ports. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Udaipurs exports as well. About the same time, the Udaipur fishery, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well. Recruits are raised to combat the Pan Hindu rebellion. Unlike the rest of the state, Udaipur is largely peaceful. 
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 40.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. The Vijaynagari port city of Chennai played a major role in international trade due to its strategic position, competing against Lankan ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagars exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well. The Khedivate largely falls to the rebels, who further advance towards Assam; capturing various local towns along the way. However, the rebels are kept from Coimbatore where 500,000 reinforcements arriving from Bahamani are able to halt the rebel offensive. Along the same time, the Vijaynagari navy leaves the Chennai harbour and is redirected to the Kolkata Port as the rebels start advancing into Chennai. By the end of the year, Chennai is closed for trade and the port is mostly used in order to deliver reinforcements and supplies.
 * Khedivate of Aceh Darrusalam: The Capital of Aceh was Banda and the population was 13.5 million. The Aceh military was modernised, standing at roughly 30,000 with 10% of the national navy harboured at Aceh ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Acehs exports as well. About the same time, the Aceh fishery, oil and mining industries were of significant importance as well. Major oil and gas reserves are discovered by Spanish and Indian experts in Aceh, who collaborate on the project as per the Treaty of Hague. The Indian Ambassador to Spain informs his Spanish counterpart of the discovery, and requests the Spanish government to provide the given resources in order to begin immediate mining and extraction. 
 * Indian Overseas Territories: Naval bases continue to be built to enforce claims on several islands such as Mauritius, Seychelles, Tromelin and Reunion. The Indian Navy attempted to enforce complete control over the Indian Ocean, aggressively patrolling the sea to combat Somalian pirates.
 * Lankan Diplomacy: The Emperor, Sri Gunananda, offers to send an army of 50,000 men to help supress the Hindu Rebels.
 * Indian Diplomacy: The Governor of Vijaynagar, Rajendra Chola accepts the offer by Lanka. The Indian Empire hopes to see Lanka play an important and decisive role against the rebels during the planned 1921 Offensive.
 * Spanish Oil Co can into Aceh?
 * Caliphate drastically improves infrastructure, industry and economy. As we seek to protect our possesions, we become less expansionist into foreign cultures and lands. We continue westernization efforts especially in urban, developed regions, such as Baghdad. As with every year, we maintain our two Holy cities and donate a small amount of our income to charity, especially to the poor: beggars, widows, and more of the like. We maintain our military, but the military becomes less emphazied with the signing of the pan-Asian pact, which protects the Caliphate from any foreign invasion and threats. We improve relations with the Afghans, hoping to bring them into the Pact in the near future. With the death of Caliph Hakeem bin Malik many of our young citizens call him the "Magnificent", specifically for his republican reforms, implementing the Shura. With the westernization and increasing democratic power, we begin, on a small scale, implementing railroads, especially connecting urban cities and regions. We also begin construction on large-scale of an Ironclad fleet, in order to combat the Roman fleet. With the full implementation and the construction of roads, postal service, railroads, transportation and news travels faster than ever, allowing the unity of the Caliphate. We begin to encourage urban cities sto start developing their own newspapers, as along with the arrival of radios into the Caliphate, due to the Westernization Effort. We continue to support the idea of the Caliphate as a pan-Islamic state, not Pan-Arabic. The Government completely reforms, seeking Hakeem's dream of a truly democratic Caliphate. A new office is created: Sultan. The Caliph becomes only the religious leader of the Caliphate, whose position is heredity, with the Sultan being elected from the Shura. The Caliphate begins to become federalized, with every province of the Caliphate holding a small amount of power. We continue to attempt to convert Shia Muslims, even bribing local religious leaders to begin to teach Sunni beliefs. With the war against the Romans ending with status quo ante bellum and restoration of all previous treaties, the Caliphate becomes desperate to look for new wealth. With oil found in Persia, and predictions of an even greater oil field by Borealian geologists, the Caliphate offers to grant Borealian companies 20% of all profits from oil sales for 15 years, starting from the year the Caliphate first starts exporting oil. The Caliphate continues to head to democracy with the foundation set by Caliph Hakeem. The Caliphate continues promoting Arab, Persian, Swahili and Kurd culture. To further gain support and trust of the Persians, a Persian Governor is appointed to Persia and major development plans are also initiated in Persia. Many Persian groups that oppose the Caliphate are reminded that it was the Caliphate that not only defended Persia from the Assyrian Aggression, but also liberated Persia from the Tatars.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science. The Hyundai Motor Company continues to build more cars.


 * Lombardy: Our military is continuing to increase due to technology becoming better. Factories still make weapons and vehicles for our military, but it is not the mostly made item. With the increase of factories in the nation, more jobs are being made. The employment rate has continue increase in the nation. Agriculture is our best industry in the nation. The railway industry is continuing to work on improving the tracks. Doctors are now continue to use X-rays to see the inside of people. Cars are now being popular within the middle class people, and not just the rich society. Trade goes well with the Roman Empire. The navy continues to make ships for trade and for future tensions. We continue to build many buildings like hospitals, colleges and banks. There are two years left for us occupying Sardinia.
 * Spain: Continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities led to more people moving to the cities. The buildings rise higher and the trains run faster, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Barcelona and Madrid. Cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Boats and guns and cars. Spain begins to mass troops along the border with France and increases patrols around the entire coast of Spain. Spain continues to commission destroyers and increases the number of battle ready battleships in the Royal Armada. More artillery stuff. Carlo Ferreira continues to develop aeroplanes and makes great advances. The Spanish government condemns the Communist nations. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain continues to advocate the expansion of the anti-Communist League. The Spanish colony of West Africa expands 8000 sq km north in the west and east, totaling 16,000 sq km. Croats in Dahomey retain their rights. Dahomey expands 8000 sq km into the interior of Africa. The Spanish colony in southwest Africa expands 8000 sq km inland as well. Cars. Spain continues to develop better tanks. Also, Spain launches the super-dreadnought. Planes improve. Spain continues the Antarctica Conference. The borders of Spanish Africa begin to be redrawn to accomodate for colony size and ethnic differences. Spain sends lots of troops into Indonesia to smack down their bitch asses. SARDINIA FOR SPAIN. #NoMoreWikiaChanges
 * Algeria: Has an election. Ion Basurto succeeds Fabran as the Prime Minister, and is of his party. Algeria begins to near the Spanish level of military technology. Boats, guns, planes, cars, money.
 * Singapore: Also continues to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain. Singapore also greatly benefits from the newly re-invigorated trade in the region. Singapore continues to accumulate wealth as a center of trade and all that nonsense. Martial law is declared in Singapore and associated territories to prevent rebellion in that region.
 * Borealia_Flag_2.png Union of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Films in color are becoming more popular. Electrical power continues to spread, although one scientist claims to have created better light by conducting gas. A theory of quanta is developed to explain phenomenon as smaller levels, and more theories follow to develop machines at this level. Tanks continue to be developed. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Airplanes begin to be built on the Remen design in Pannenstiel. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya. As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast.  Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. In sympathy for the oppression of Communism in Europe, a small Communist Party emerges this year in New Vienna. These people are viewed suspiciously, however, as Communism usually has no place in Borealian culture. Companies continue to search for oil in Arabia. Borealia sends economic support to both the Nationalist Government of China and the new Tartar Empire. We ask Japan to consider ceding some of its territory to these native governments. The joint Borealian-Japanese-Indian aviation program greatly increases in its size and scope, planing to perfect passenger planes within three years. Military support is given to the rebels in Indonesia. Among various Asiatic peoples settling in San Francisco are a group of Nivkh immigrants from Japanese Manchuria. Hearing about how their people were disenfranchised by the Japanese, a massive social movement stressing for Nivkh independence begins in city. By the end of the year, the Tiger-Hand Pastry becomes the fastest-growing industry in San Francisco.
 * The State of Australia: The state greatly increases this year by beginning joint control over the colony of New Mecklenburg, provided by Germany on the provision of ceding the whole colony by 1929. The capital of the state is centered at Dandiri (OTL Brisbane), which administer over all land settlements and the Luwrit Sea (OTL Tasman Sea). Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry. Settlements begin to grow around the Lake Eyre region. With respect to the German colonial government, we ask Croatia to purchase the part of the outback north of Lake Eyre.
 * The Commonwealth of Oceana: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base on Midway. Exploration of West Antarctica continues. The nation considers expanding the Treaty of Midway over the waters within the Luwrit Sea. 
 * Colony of Kinshasa: With the incorporated French colony, continues to expand its lumber and mining companies with cheap labor picked up from surrounding natives. An organized government forms along with some small villages. The border expands inward 750 px.
 * Colony of North Antarctica: A small base is established on Antarctica's most northern peninsula, inhabited only six months of the year. A lighthouse begins construction to aid shipping that travels south of Cape Horn.
 * Caliphate Diplomacy: The state offers to grant Borealian companies 20% of all profits from oil sales for 15 years, starting from the year the Caliphate first starts exporting oil.
 * Borealia agrees to this offer, provided that the social stability of the region is not threatened.
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: Premier Br Friederich Ritter von Schuhmacher succumbs to old age this year and dies in office. Tributes flow in from all over Oldenburg and Neu Norderney honouring the great politician and diplomat. A grand state funeral is performed, presided over by the Prince-Primate of Osnabruck, with Duke Wilhelm II saying the eulogy. At Friederich's own request, he is buried in a simple grave, marked by an ordinary stone cross. The Vice Premier, the Socialist Dietmar Steinbauer, is made Premier, the first member of the Socialist Party to hold the position. Economy expands.
 * Commonwealth Lordship of Neu Norderney: Infrastructure, especially new railways, improves.
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue their industrial development as well as the research into airships.
 * Andea:  Rapidly develops its industry. Industrial work becomes the most common field to work in. Average wage for industrial workers stands at 1000 reals, but the government set minimum wage stands at 400 reals. Yellow-Dog Contracts are offically outlawed this year in Andea. The military expands to include 650,000 men. With the outbreak of war overseas, the draft is enacted and funding is poured into military. The navy expands dramatically, with the inclusion of Dreadnoughts and Armored Cruisers making ironclads irrelevant. The Republican Party wins the Presidency, beating out the Nationals, Democrats, Hesperian, and the Progressives. This year sees the creation of the first movie theater in Andea, as well as the rise of consumer culture. The number of tanks is increased. We send 80,000 men and supplies to our Roman Allies. Population stands at 81 million. The Andean navy and air force expand as well. An Andean engineer by the name of Jose Apaec presents a "Machine Pistol" to his local police force. It quickly spreads to the Andean military. The garrisons active in Cape Ferdinand and Sudafrica are activated to deal with the revolt
 * Union of Sudafrica: more to be added later.
 * <p style="font-size:16px;line-height:26px;">


 * Morocco: The Sultanate of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 200,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 20 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 1.4 million soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships, 14 frigates, 15 cruisers and 20 destroyers. Continue building a series of early fighters, bombers and now a few airships on military airports, which later added into Moroccan Air Force. The nation expends to south by 8000 sq km and to east by 8000 sq km, totaling 16,000 sq km, with a few new cities being built. Roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer museums, colleges and more houses, schools, hospitals, power plants and mining plants are built. The mining plants produces materials coal, iron and now gold and copper, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. The telephone/communications and mosaics industries continue to grow under a few large monopolies. The Moroccan automobile manufacturer Mellahu Motor Group continues mass building of cars and begins to sold its cars into Spain and Roman Empire. With parts of the country hooked up to electricity, few middle class citizens and rich citizens have light in their homes. The telegraph is popular with the rich and business people. The telephone is popular with the rich people of society. About 300,000 classes have a radio in their homes. Cars are popular with middle and the rich class. A few docks and mosques are built. The Moroccan Navy continues building a series of cargo ships, which cargo ships are for trade and for future tensions. Trade with various major European powers decides economic boom of Morocco and Morocco's largest exports are mosaics and largest imports are mostly food. Artillery becomes more widely used in combat and more industries continues building a series of wartime artillery, which later added it to Moroccan Armed Forces. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and few new railway lines are opened in service. Sultan Abdelhafid continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. ANNOUNCEMENT: Eric4e stop posting on years for now, but continues playing as Morocco, due to nine-day holidays in England. On hotels, I can't post any PMIII turns, but Morocco in next nine years will expend its nation at 16,000 sq km every year, totaling 144,000 sq km in the next nine years. Also every year, one impotent event will occur and for now on, Morocco neutrality! We back to PMIII in year 1929, once we took fight from England back home to Sweden.
 * Brazil: Settlement of Brazil’s new African territories is encouraged, especially in Porto Natal, Porto Centauro (Richard’s Bay), named for military leader Manuel Marques de Sousa, Barreto (Pietermaritzburg), named for José Luís Mena Barreto, Vila João (Johannesburg), named for King João of Guiana, and Vinicia (Pretoria). With the threat of the Zulu eliminated diamond and gold industries can be fully exploited, and a mass immigration occurs to the region from other portions of South Africa, Hesperia, and Europe. The Embraer C-9 continues heavy production and use across the nation. Development of a light armoured reconnaissance vehicle begins to be employed in South Africa primarily. A partnership between the company Ed Ferreirinha & Irmão, an automotive business founded by race car driver Eduardo Ferreirinha, and foreign car manufacturers leads to the creation of Brazil’s first domestic car company. The ensuing brand becomes known as Ferreirinha, and begins mass producing domestic vehicles for the Brazilian population. One of the company’s rivals, União Metalo-Mecânica, catches the attention of the government by creating the Metralhadora Carro, or União MC-I, the first armoured reconnaissance vehicle for the Brazilian military. The first Brazilian tank, the Armadura-I, is also created. The tank is equipped with seven to thirteen millimeter armor, two 7.92 millimeter machine guns, and powered by a four cylinder air-cooled gasoline engine to reach a speed of about fifty kilometers per hour on road. The independent colony of Bechuanaland is created as a collection of colonies and settlements in OTL Botswana, and becomes the third official state in the Transvaal Union. Each colony is expected to have the ability to raise an independent army, which is under the direct control of a central authority in Vinicia, Solumbuso. As a test of the nation’s military organization, war is declared on the native nation of Zimbabwe. The first Brazilian tank and armored car divisions are employed in the invasion.
 * Emeraldie: The land forces stand at 90,000 men, with 70,000 in reserve, modernisation of the armed forces is completed. Vast industrial expansion occurs in the region following years of government encouragement and subsidies. We expand 800 px into the continent's interior. With the booming economy, the government begins investing heavily in education and infrastructure. In other news, the first domestically produced cars are built, with companies taking advantage of the growing petrol supply. The Royal Air Corps is expanded with new purpose built aircraft, it now includes 40 planes and four bomber Zeppelins. The world's first aircraft carrier is completed, christened HMES Charlemagne, it represents the pinnacle of naval aeronautics. In other news, the Royal Airship company is beginning building a system of routes connecting the major cities, with work starting on hangars and refuelling stations.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories: The territorial government is granted the ability to control a small armed force to maintain peace in the region and protect from native aggression, its current numbers are around 8000 men.
 * Commonwealth States (Bavaria): The military is improved, and the economy improves as well, after having suffered from the Great War. In political news, Klaudia Mikelssen, Senator from Bavaria, dies of old age, and her death is mourned by many Bavarians. We nominate Marcel Kampfiner, former Mayor of Berlin, for Chancellery candidate. 
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures toward Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself toward the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman and Vlachian forces move in, securing the southern part of the country and stopping at the Wallachian-Moldavian border, as per the compromise between the Communists and Monarchists. Support for the true Vlachian government rises, and the Roman Empire provides the southern government the resources it needs to get itself back on its feet. To help stabilize its northern border, train cars full of weapons and ammo are sent to Croatia, hopefully to bolster that front. The rebel Syrians are seen as an annoyance, and as such local forces are tasked with putting them down. Troops are stationed in Syria after the cancellation of the supposed alliance, and alliances with Georgia and Assyria are affirmed again. Troops are sent to contain the uprising in Africa. This will all be fixed later, when I have time. Following many years of calling for a referendum, the people in Malabar vote to become independent from the Roman Empire and become a new nation. The Empire grants this request, knowing for a while now that the region would never fit in well with the Empire at this time and eager to maintain resources at home.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The Franqi brothers begin experimenting with the idea of heavier-than-air flight, but the task is daunting and will take some time to perfect a flying device. They manage to create a working model which flies for several seconds. However, it isn't impressive enough and they continue their work. Following the outbreak of war, the Reman Empire declares war on France and sends troops to help the Spanish in their front.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started being worked on.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started being worked on.

1921
''' Ethnic Tension between the Persians and Arabs within the Caliphate continues to grow. Many Persians believe that they should be at the center of the empire, and a select few call for independence, but they are small in number. '''


 * Indian Empire: Queen Farah Shah was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 441,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented on ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of India, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education, with major developments in Chemistry, Physics, Biology etc. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones, bulbs, electricity. A temporary ceasefire was secured from January 3 to February 6 until it was broken due to problems on both. Following the cancellation, the war restarted after which Indian troops successfully secured a major breakthrough into rebel territory. 700,000 troops that had been diverted towards Assam were soon redirected to South India in order to facilitate Operation Vijay, with the additional 850,000 troops from Western India meeting up with the main army at Visakhapatnam. The inhabitants of areas that were considered as rebel strongholds were persecuted by the Indian army, and all supplies to these areas were cut off, with a total of 16 million dying in this artificial famine. The Maxim Gun played a decisive role during the war, ripping through the rebel army, resulting in their heavy losses. The military continued investing into the Tank as well, preparing to introduce the newer and much stronger Agni II which was eventually delivered to the battlefield and soon turned the tide on the battlefield. By November, the rebellion had been completely squashed although minor rebels still remain. The Empress of India, Farah Shah declared the rebellion to be an international conspiracy to undermine the success and prosperity of India. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 70.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000, with 15% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. The Bahamani port cities of Mahmudpur played a major role in international trade due to its strategic position, competing against Caliphates ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights. Jihad is declared upon the Pan Hindu rebels.
 * Khedivate of Udaipur: The Capital of Udaipur was Ahmadabad and the population was 50.8 million. The Udaipuri military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000, with 20% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. The Udaipuri port cities of Karachi and Surat played a major role in international trade due to their strategic position, competing against Caliphates ports. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Udaipurs exports as well. About the same time, the Udaipur fishery, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well. Recruits are raised to combat the Pan Hindu rebellion. Unlike the rest of the state, Udaipur is largely peaceful. 
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 40.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. The Vijaynagari port city of Chennai played a major role in international trade due to its strategic position, competing against Lankan ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagars exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well. The Khedivate successfully withstood the brunt of the rebel offensive, and launched Operation Vijay involving 1,250,000 troops seeking to flush out the Hindu rebels. The rebel siege of Coimbatore was broken by March, and the military rapidly advanced towards the rebel capital of Madurai. By August, the rebels completely withdraw from Chennai after having suffered heavy losses to the Maxim Gun, which was later dubbed as the Chennai Gun. On October, the military under the command of Lankan Generals launched a second offensive from Chennai, routing the rebel army and completely annihilating the rebel force in the Battle of Madurai. On November 16th, the rebel capital of Madurai was stormed by the Indian forces who subsequently skinned alive the rebel leaders, torturing them to death. The natives of Madurai as well as surrounding rebel strongholds were genocided, with almost everyone killed and the city burned down. The total civilian casualities during the rebellion reached 20.8 million after which relief efforts finally started.
 * Khedivate of Aceh Darrusalam: The Capital of Aceh was Banda and the population was 13.5 million. The Aceh military was modernised, standing at roughly 30,000 with 10% of the national navy harboured at Aceh ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Acehs exports as well. About the same time, the Aceh fishery, oil and mining industries were of significant importance as well. Major oil and gas reserves are discovered by Spanish and Indian experts in Aceh, who collaborate on the project as per the Treaty of Hague. With the arrival of the Juan Standardo Oilo Company, extraction of the oil begins. Indian geological experts continue to seek out oil deposits, as it is assumed that Aceh has potential for being rich in oil. 
 * Indian Overseas Territories: Naval bases continue to be built to enforce claims on several islands such as Mauritius, Seychelles, Tromelin and Reunion. The Indian Navy attempted to enforce complete control over the Indian Ocean, aggressively patrolling the sea to combat Somalian pirates.
 * Caliphate drastically improves infrastructure, industry and economy. As we seek to protect our possesions, we become less expansionist into foreign cultures and lands. We continue westernization efforts especially in urban, developed regions, such as Baghdad. As with every year, we maintain our two Holy cities and donate a small amount of our income to charity, especially to the poor: beggars, widows, and more of the like. We maintain our military, but the military becomes less emphazied with the signing of the pan-Asian pact, which protects the Caliphate from any foreign invasion and threats. We improve relations with the Afghans, hoping to bring them into the Pact in the near future. With the death of Caliph Hakeem bin Malik many of our young citizens call him the "Magnificent", specifically for his republican reforms, implementing the Shura. With the westernization and increasing democratic power, we begin, on a small scale, implementing railroads, especially connecting urban cities and regions. We also begin construction on large-scale of an Ironclad fleet, in order to combat the Roman fleet. With the full implementation and the construction of roads, postal service, railroads, transportation and news travels faster than ever, allowing the unity of the Caliphate. We begin to encourage urban cities sto start developing their own newspapers, as along with the arrival of radios into the Caliphate, due to the Westernization Effort. We continue to support the idea of the Caliphate as a pan-Islamic state, not Pan-Arabic. The Government completely reforms, seeking Hakeem's dream of a truly democratic Caliphate. A new office is created: Sultan. The Caliph becomes only the religious leader of the Caliphate, whose position is heredity, with the Sultan being elected from the Shura. The Caliphate begins to become federalized, with every province of the Caliphate holding a small amount of power. We continue to attempt to convert Shia Muslims, even bribing local religious leaders to begin to teach Sunni beliefs. With the war against the Romans ending with status quo ante bellum and restoration of all previous treaties, the Caliphate becomes desperate to look for new wealth. With oil found in Persia, and predictions of an even greater oil field by Borealian geologists, the Caliphate offers to grant Borealian companies 20% of all profits from oil sales for 15 years, starting from the year the Caliphate first starts exporting oil. The Caliphate continues to head to democracy with the foundation set by Caliph Hakeem. The Caliphate continues promoting Arab, Persian, Swahili and Turkic culture.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science. The Hyundai Motor Company continues to build more cars.


 * Lombardy: Our military is continuing to increase due to technology becoming better. Factories still make weapons and vehicles for our military, but it is not the mostly made item. With the increase of factories in the nation, more jobs are being made. The employment rate has continue increase in the nation. Agriculture is our best industry in the nation. The railway industry is continuing to work on improving the tracks. Doctors are now continue to use X-rays to see the inside of people. Cars are now being popular within the middle class people, and not just the rich society. Trade goes well with the Roman Empire. The navy continues to make ships for trade and for future tensions. We continue to build many buildings like hospitals, colleges and banks. There is one year left for us occupying Sardinia. The King tells his troops to stay on the island after the year is over. Prince Mario marries his girlfriend Amelia. Cities start to get so big that there is no room for people to live. The countryside starts to become the suburbs.
 * Not how that works. 
 * Borealia_Flag_2.png Union of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Films in color are becoming more popular. Electrical power continues to spread, although one scientist claims to have created better light by conducting gas. A theory of quanta is developed to explain phenomenon as smaller levels, and more theories follow to develop machines at this level. Tanks continue to be developed. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Airplanes begin to be built on the Remen design in Pannenstiel. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya. As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast.  Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. In sympathy for the oppression of Communism in Europe, a small Communist Party emerges this year in New Vienna. These people are viewed suspiciously, however, as Communism usually has no place in Borealian culture. A series of gang warfare begins in New Vienna, primarily using the gavin gun sold on the black market. The maxim gun gains the nickname "the New Vienna typewriter". The Nivkh independence movement continues to spread over Middle California, demanding Japan consider releasing the nation, while the Tiger-Hand Pastry dominates in San Francisco.
 * The State of Australia: The state greatly increases this year by beginning joint control over the colony of New Mecklenburg, provided by Germany on the provision of ceding the whole colony by 1929. The capital of the state is centered at Dandiri (OTL Brisbane), which administer over all land settlements and the Luwrit Sea (OTL Tasman Sea). Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry. Settlements begin to grow around the Lake Eyre region. With respect to the German colonial government, we ask Croatia to purchase the part of the outback north of Lake Eyre.
 * The Commonwealth of Oceana: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base on Midway. Exploration of West Antarctica continues. The nation considers expanding the Treaty of Midway over the waters within the Luwrit Sea. 
 * Colony of Kinshasa: With the incorporated French colony, continues to expand its lumber and mining companies with cheap labor picked up from surrounding natives. An organized government forms along with some small villages. The border expands inward 750 px.
 * Colony of North Antarctica: A small base is established on Antarctica's northernmost peninsula, inhabited only six months of the year. A lighthouse begins construction to aid shipping that travels south of Cape Horn.
 * Morocco: The Sultanate of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 200,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 20.2 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 1.4 million soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships, 14 frigates, 15 cruisers and 20 destroyers. Continue building a series of early fighters, bombers and now a few airships on military airports, which later added into the Moroccan Air Force. The nation expends to south by 8000 sq km and to west by 8000 sq km, totaling 16,000 sq km, with a few new cities being built. After Moroccan borders reached three West African countries, Morocco declares war on three various West African countries as Moroccan Colonial War in Africa, invade it with 20,000 soldiers. Roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer museums, colleges and more houses, schools, hospitals, power plants and mining plants are built. The mining plants produces materials coal, iron and now gold and copper, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. The telephone/communications and mosaics industries continue to grow under a few large monopolies. The Moroccan automobile manufacturer Mellahu Motor Group continues mass building of cars and begins to sell its cars into Spain and Roman Empire. With parts of the country hooked up to electricity, few middle class citizens and rich citizens have light in their homes. The telegraph is popular with the rich and business people. The telephone is popular with the rich people of society. About 600,000 classes have a radio in their homes. Cars are popular with middle and the rich class. A few docks and mosques are built. The Moroccan Navy continues building a series of cargo ships, which cargo ships are for trade and for future tensions. Trade with various major European powers decides economic boom of Morocco and Morocco's largest exports are mosaics and largest imports are mostly food. Artillery becomes more widely used in combat and more industries continues building a series of wartime artillery, which later added it to Moroccan Armed Forces. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and few new railway lines are opened in service. Sultan Abdelhafid continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. ANNOUNCEMENT: Eric4e stops posting on years for now, but continues playing as Morocco, due to nine-days holidays in England. On hotels, I can't post any PMIII turns and also every year, one important event will occur and for now on, Morocco neutrality! We back to PMIII in year 1929, once we took fight from England back home to Sweden. BUT ON THIS DAY, WE STOP EXPANDING THE NATION NEXT TWO YEARS, BECAUSE COLONIZATION IN WEST AFRICA IS COMPLETED. This will be the last nation post in this turn before we leaving off to England for holiday and we back to PMIII in year 1929.
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: Economy improves, with more Spitzbergen coal mines being opened by the OHG. Spitzbergen territory expands.
 * Commonwealth Lordship of Neu Norderney: Work continues on the nation's infrastructure. Cars become more prevalent.
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue their industrial development as well as the research into airships.
 * Emeraldie: The land forces stand at 90,000 men, with 70,000 in reserve, modernisation of the armed forces is completed. Vast industrial expansion occurs in the region following years of government encouragement and subsidies. We expand 800 px into the continent's interior. With the booming economy, the government begins investing heavily in education and infrastructure. In other news, the first domestically produced cars are built, with companies taking advantage of the growing petrol supply. The Royal Air Corps is expanded with new purpose built aircraft, it now includes 40 planes and four bomber Zeppelins. The world's first aircraft carrier is completed, christened HMES Charlemagne, it represents the pinnacle of naval aeronautics. In other news, the Royal Airship company is beginning building a system of routes connecting the major cities, with work starting on hangars and refuelling stations.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories: The territorial government is granted the ability to control a small armed force to maintain peace in the region and protect from native aggression, its current numbers are around 8000 men.
 * United Nordic Republics
 * ​Republic of Denmark: Denmark capitalizes on the fall of Pskov. With money flowing into the Kattegat and out of Pskovian wallets, there is one undoubted ruler of the Baltic Seas now. Former Communists flee to Jutland since Denmark is a Socialist state. Prime Minister Albert Wagner celebrates the end of the Great War, condemning Communism as a perversion of state-sponsored welfare. He worries that the actions of France have harmed Socialist movements in Europe, setting them back decades. In the meantime, a new destroyer is added to the Danish navy. There are over 113 ships in total flying Danish colors.
 * Republic of Sweden: Sweden also sees profit in the fall of Pskov. With money flowing into the Kattegat and out of Pskovian wallets, there is one undoubted ruler of the Baltic Seas now. Telephone lines are built in Sweden as electricity is brought to the northern cities and towns of Sweden. The Republic of Sweden commissions two destroyers into the Swedish fleet. There are now over 200 ships flying Swedish colors. Sweden offers to westernize the Caliphate in exchange for oil.
 * Republic of Norway: Christjen Sigurson continues his term as president of the Norwegian Republic. Norway produces the Knulleskipetditt-Class protected cruiser, deciding the Stejt-Class is unfit for patrolling the North Sea and the open waters. Three are produced. In the meantime, Norway sends troops to the cause in the Winter War, congratulating Iceland on a victory. Christjen Sigurdson states the necessity of good relations with Algonquia and Borealia following this war. "Now that we've settled these differences, let's get back to making money." There are currently 193 ships flying Norwegian colors.
 * Republic of Finland: Jonna Kekkonnen visits the Karelian cities this year. She wishes to improve the cities of Karelja, forming the Karelja Initiative. In the meantime, landlines to Sweden and Norway are proposed. Construction is mid-way by Christmas this year. She sends money and foodstuff to Helluland in the Winter War. The Anaalihävityksen-Class protected cruiser is commissioned, though Finland is more interested in buying used ships from the Nordic Revolutions where applicable. The city of Helsinki sees drastic growth this year as urbanization in Finland continues. Kekkekon continues to fight for women's rights. There are 73 ships in Finland's navy. In the meantime, seeing Reme's success with powered flight, Finland considers recreating the experiment.
 * Commonwealth of Iceland: Iceland's immediate concern, the Winter War, seems to be over. The people of Iceland rejoice. Literacy programs in Iceland begin. According to the Alting, too many people 'can't figure out how to spell our damn words right.' Reykyjavik sees improvements this year. The University of Reykyjavik opens its doors in 1881. The university is noted for being the 'North Pole of Academia.' Speaking of the North Pole, expeditions are sent to the Arctic ice cap to investigate the North Pole. The navy of Iceland improves, with the Augapóker-Class cruiser being released this year. Iceland wishes to increase relations with Algonquia and Borealia, offering to re-open the embassy in Helluland and Reykjavik.
 * Spain continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities led to more people moving to the cities. The buildings rise higher and the trains run faster, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Barcelona and Madrid. Cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Boats and guns and cars. Spain begins to mass troops along the border with France and increases patrols around the entire coast of Spain. Spain continues to commission destroyers and increases the number of battle ready battleships in the Royal Armada. More artillery stuff. Carlo Ferreira continues to develop aeroplanes and makes great advances. The Spanish government condemns the Communist nations. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain continues to advocate the expansion of the anti-Communist League. The Spanish colony of West Africa expands 8000 sq km north in the west and east, totaling 16,000 sq km. Croats in Dahomey retain their rights. Dahomey expands 8000 sq km into the interior of Africa. The Spanish colony in southwest Africa expands 8000 sq km inland as well. Cars. Spain continues to develop better tanks. Also, Spain launches the super-dreadnought. Planes improve. Spain continues the Antarctica Conference. The borders of Spanish Africa begin to be redrawn to accommodate for colony size and ethnic differences. Spain knocks down the bitch ass rebels in Indonesia by way of massive ships and grand guns. The East Indies is restructured with a tighter government and stronger Spanish military presence. #NoMoreWikiaChanges
 * Algeria begins to near the Spanish level of military technology. Boats, guns, planes, cars, money.
 * Singapore also continues to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain. Singapore also greatly benefits from the newly re-invigorated trade in the region. Singapore continues to accumulate wealth as a center of trade and all that nonsense. Singapore is restored to the pre-rebellion status quo since there were no problems in Singapore.
 * STOP REFORMATTING MY POSTS, MOTHERFUCKER.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures toward Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself toward the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman and Vlachian forces move in, securing the southern part of the country and stopping at the Wallachian-Moldavian border, as per the compromise between the Communists and Monarchists. Support for the true Vlachian government rises, and the Roman Empire provides the southern government the resources it needs to get itself back on its feet. To help stabilize its northern border, train cars full of weapons and ammo are sent to Croatia, hopefully to bolster that front. The rebel Syrians are seen as an annoyance, and as such local forces are tasked with putting them down. Troops are stationed in Syria after the cancellation of the supposed alliance, and alliances with Georgia and Assyria are affirmed again. Troops are sent to contain the uprising in Africa. This will all be fixed later, when I have time. 
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The Franqi brothers begin experimenting with the idea of heavier-than-air flight, but the task is daunting and will take some time to perfect a flying device. They manage to create a working model which flies for several seconds. However, it isn't impressive enough and they continue their work. Following the outbreak of war, the Reman Empire declares war on France and sends troops to help the Spanish in their front.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started being worked on.
 * <p style="font-size:16px;line-height:26px;">Andea:  Rapidly develops its industry. Industrial work becomes the most common field to work in. Average wage for industrial workers stands at 1000 reals, but the government set minimum wage stands at 400 reals. Yellow-Dog Contracts are offically outlawed this year in Andea. The military expands to include 650,000 men. With the outbreak of war overseas, the draft is enacted and funding is poured into military. The navy expands dramatically, with the inclusion of Dreadnoughts and Armored Cruisers making ironclads irrelevant. The Republican Party wins the Presidency, beating out the Nationals, Democrats, Hesperian, and the Progressives. This year sees the creation of the first movie theater in Andea, as well as the rise of consumer culture. The number of tanks is increased. We send 80,000 men and supplies to our Roman Allies. Population stands at 81 million. The Andean navy and air force expand as well. The machine pistol presented to the Andean military is named Apaec 1 repeating gun. The garrisons active in Cape Ferdinand and Sudafrica are activated to deal with the revolt.
 * Union of Sudafrica: more to be added later.

1922
''' Ethnic tensions in the Caliphate continue to grow as violence between the two groups grows. The violence escalates to the point of civil war.(Popular) '''

''' The Reformist Church of Latter Day Saints makes a resurgence in Southern and Central Borealia, spreading into Reme and some parts of Mexaca. '''
 * Netherlands: Nothing really. Eco and Mil.
 * Dutch France: Eco and Infra.
 * Luxembourg: Eco and Infra.
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue their industrial development as well as the research into airships.
 * Borealia_Flag_2.png Union of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Films in color are becoming more popular. Electrical power continues to spread, although one scientist claims to have created better light by conducting gas. A theory of quanta is developed to explain phenomenon as smaller levels, and more theories follow to develop machines at this level. Tanks continue to be developed. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Airplanes begin to be built on the Remen design in Pannenstiel. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya. As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast.  Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. In sympathy for the oppression of Communism in Europe, a small Communist Party emerges this year in New Vienna. These people are viewed suspiciously, however, as Communism usually has no place in Borealian culture. A new social movement called the Gothic Movement appears, so named because they stress the importance of the union looking back to their core roots as the colony of New Austria. They accuse the leaders of the Union as having shamelessly abusing the New Munich declaration to their advantage by making imperialist wars on neighboring nations since the 1870s. This movement is most popular among the younger generation. The Nivkh independence movement now encompasses most of California, and spreads to the rest of the union. The core members of the union begin to be more militant in their appeals to Japan.
 * The State of Australia: The state greatly increases this year by beginning joint control over the colony of New Mecklenburg, provided by Germany on the provision of ceding the whole colony by 1929. The capital of the state is centered at Dandiri (OTL Brisbane), which administer over all land settlements and the Luwrit Sea (OTL Tasman Sea). Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry. Settlements begin to grow around the Lake Eyre region. With respect to the German colonial government, we ask Croatia to purchase the part of the outback north of Lake Eyre.
 * The Commonwealth of Oceana: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base on Midway. Exploration of West Antarctica continues. The nation considers expanding the Treaty of Midway over the waters within the Luwrit Sea. 
 * Colony of Kinshasa: With the incorporated French colony, continues to expand its lumber and mining companies with cheap labor picked up from surrounding natives. An organized government forms along with some small villages. The border expands inward 750 px.
 * Colony of North Antarctica: A small base is established on Antarctica's northernmost peninsula, inhabited only six months of the year. A lighthouse begins construction to aid shipping that travels south of Cape Horn.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science. The Hyundai Motor Company continues to build more cars.


 * Lombardy: Our military is continuing to increase due to technology becoming better. Factories still make weapons and vehicles for our military, but it is not the mostly made item. With the increase of factories in the nation, more jobs are being made. The employment rate has continue increase in the nation. Agriculture is our best industry in the nation. The railway industry is continuing to work on improving the tracks. Doctors are now continue to use X-rays to see the inside of people. Cars are now being popular within the middle class people, and not just the rich society. Trade goes well with the Roman Empire. The navy continues to make ships for trade and for future tensions. We continue to build many buildings like hospitals, colleges and banks. With the occupation of Sardinia over, we leave our troops on the island. We try to annex Sardinia into our nation.
 * Emeraldie: The land forces stand at 90,000 men, with 70,000 in reserve, modernisation of the armed forces is completed. Vast industrial expansion occurs in the region following years of government encouragement and subsidies. We expand 800 px into the continent's interior. With the booming economy, the government begins investing heavily in education and infrastructure. In other news, the first domestically produced cars are built, with companies taking advantage of the growing petrol supply. The Royal Air Corps is expanded with new purpose built aircraft, it now includes 40 planes and four bomber Zeppelins. The world's first aircraft carrier is completed, christened HMES Charlemagne, it represents the pinnacle of naval aeronautics. In other news, the Royal Airship company is beginning building a system of routes connecting the major cities, with work starting on hangars and refuelling stations.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories: The territorial government is granted the ability to control a small armed force to maintain peace in the region and protect from native aggression, its current numbers are around 8000 men.
 * <p style="border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;margin-top:3px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:3px;margin-left:0px;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;vertical-align:baseline;line-height:20px;">Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: With the OHG's latest successes in Spitzbergen coalmining and the enduring popularity of its department store (simply called "OHG"), the once nearly bankrupt company has returned to its glory days, once more at the centre of Oldenburger economic life. With this newfound financial prowess, the OHG board begins putting more money into the Konservativen political party, paying for expensive functions and hiring out large halls in which the politicians can speak. This activity is watched closely by the ruling Catholic-Socialist coalition, with the Premier, a Socialist, doing all he can to minimise the potential electoral impact of the Konservativen in the state election in a few years' time. Economy improves, Spitzbergen territory expands.

<p style="border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;margin-top:3px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:3px;margin-left:0px;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;vertical-align:baseline;line-height:20px;">Commonwealth Lordship of Neu Norderney: The Reformist Church of Latter Day Saints establishes a small Communist in the far West of the Lordship. Whilst Oldenburg (and through it, Neu Norderney) have always been relatively tolerant of religious minorities for political expediency, the unorthodoxy and novelty of the sect draws the ire of the majority-Catholic country. Military improves.


 * Roman Empire: The Roman Empire continues to recover from the shock of the Great War, in which many good Romans died. The Empire also focuses on its internal security and stability after noticing the power of the revolt in Africa and remembering painful memories of revolts in Italy and Egypt. Economic and civic policy are seen as key to improving stability and cohesiveness in the Empire. With that said, the Empire does have several foreign policy successes to note as well, mainly the unification of the Tartary and the return of order in the steppes. Trade continues to go well and the military continues to have a major part of Roman society, and new weapons like tanks, planes, and better submarines now play a significant role in the way the Empire wages war.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The Franqi brothers begin experimenting with the idea of heavier-than-air flight, but the task is daunting and will take some time to perfect a flying device. They manage to create a working model which flies for several seconds. However, it isn't impressive enough and they continue their work. Following the outbreak of war, the Reman Empire declares war on France and sends troops to help the Spanish in their front.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started being worked on.
 * Spain  continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities led to more people moving to the cities. The buildings rise higher and the trains run faster, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Barcelona and Madrid. Cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Boats and guns and cars. Spain begins to mass troops along the border with France and increases patrols around the entire coast of Spain. Spain continues to commission destroyers and increases the number of battle ready battleships in the Royal Armada. More artillery stuff. Carlo Ferreira continues to develop aeroplanes and makes great advances. The Spanish government condemns the Communist nations. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain continues to advocate the expansion of the anti-Communist League. The Spanish colony of West Africa expands 8000 sq km north in the west and east, totaling 16,000 sq km. Croats in Dahomey retain their rights. Dahomey expands 8000 sq km into the interior of Africa. The Spanish colony in southwest Africa expands 8000 sq km inland as well. Cars. Spain continues to develop better tanks. Also, Spain launches more super-dreadnoughts. Planes improve. Spain continues the Antarctica Conference. The borders of Spanish Africa begin to be redrawn to accommodate for colony size and ethnic differences. Spain knocks down the bitch ass rebels in Indonesia by way of massive ships and grand guns. The East Indies is restructured with a tighter government and stronger Spanish military presence. #NoMoreWikiaChanges


 * Algeria begins to near the Spanish level of military technology. Boats, guns, planes, cars, money. Prime Minister Ion Basurto is assassinated and succeeded by Ricardo Ali, a Berber.
 * Singapore also continues to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain. Singapore also greatly benefits from the newly re-invigorated trade in the region. Singapore continues to accumulate wealth as a center of trade and all that nonsense.

1923
''' In late April, the Cuzco stock market crashes after riding high for an unprecedented number of months. Shortly after this, the stock market in Constantinople also plummets, sending shockwaves across Europe. By the end of the year, the economy of the world is slower and weaker than it was before. Many busineses go bankrupt, people lose savings in banks, and trade stalls. As a result, political instability rises and extremism on both sides of the political spectrum returns to plague governments. '''
 * Is this an attempt to recreate the Great Depression?


 * The Commomwealth Kingdoms: New Mecklenburg, Kameroon, and German West Africa expand by 750 px each. Soon after the Cuzco and Constantinople stock markets crash, the Lübeck stock market follows suit as trading grounds to a halt. The economy of the Kingdoms begins declining. Offers of alliance and economic cooperation are sent to Ande, Brazil, and Algonquia, with Emperor Friedrich saying now is a time where past differences are forgotten and international cooperation is needed.


 * Indian Empire: Queen Farah Shah was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 441,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented on ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of India, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education, with major developments in Chemistry, Physics, Biology etc. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones, bulbs, electricity. Jubilant crowds celebrate with the success of Operation Vijay, and nationalism reaches its peak, surpassing the one reached in the aftermath of the Great War. Many Muslims fascinated by the prospect of a Holy War press the regime to intervene in Persia. Finally on October 16th, the Indian Empire intervenes in Persia with a force of 400,000 men. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 70.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000, with 15% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. The Bahamani port cities of Mahmudpur played a major role in international trade due to its strategic position, competing against Caliphates ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights.
 * Khedivate of Udaipur: The Capital of Udaipur was Ahmadabad and the population was 50.8 million. The Udaipuri military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000, with 20% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. The Udaipuri port cities of Karachi and Surat played a major role in international trade due to their strategic position, competing against Caliphates ports. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Udaipurs exports as well. About the same time, the Udaipur fishery, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 40.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. The Vijaynagari port city of Chennai played a major role in international trade due to its strategic position, competing against Lankan ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagars exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well. The Hindu rebellion is completely squashed, with the success of Operation Vijay. Approximately 20.6 million people are killed out of which 45% died in Vijaynagar. The rest dying in Bahamani and/or surrounding areas.
 * Khedivate of Aceh Darrusalam: The Capital of Aceh was Banda and the population was 13.5 million. The Aceh military was modernised, standing at roughly 30,000 with 10% of the national navy harboured at Aceh ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Acehs exports as well. About the same time, the Aceh fishery, oil and mining industries were of significant importance as well. Major oil and gas reserves are discovered by Spanish and Indian experts in Aceh, who collaborate on the project as per the Treaty of Hague. With the arrival of the Juan Standardo Oilo Company, extraction of the oil begins. Indian geological experts continue to seek out oil deposits, as it is assumed that Aceh has potential for being rich in oil. 
 * Indian Overseas Territories: Naval bases continue to be built to enforce claims on several islands such as Mauritius, Seychelles, Tromelin and Reunion. The Indian Navy attempted to enforce complete control over the Indian Ocean, aggressively patrolling the sea to combat Somalian pirates.
 * Lombardy: Our military is continuing to increase due to technology becoming better. Factories still make weapons and vehicles for our military, but it is not the mostly made item. With the increase of factories in the nation, more jobs are being made. The employment rate has continue increase in the nation. Agriculture is our best industry in the nation. The railway industry is continuing to work on improving the tracks. Doctors are now continue to use X-rays to see the inside of people. Cars are now being popular within the middle class people, and not just the rich society. Trade goes well with the Roman Empire. The navy continues to make ships for trade and for future tensions. We continue to build many buildings like hospitals, colleges and banks. This is the second straight year we slowly annex Sardinia into our nation.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science. The Hyundai Motor Company continues to build more cars.
 * Roman Empire: The Roman Empire continues to recover from the shock of the Great War, in which many good Romans died. The Empire also focuses on its internal security and stability after noticing the power of the revolt in Africa and remembering painful memories of revolts in Italy and Egypt. Economic and civic policy are seen as key to improving stability and cohesiveness in the Empire. With that said, the Empire does have several foreign policy successes to note as well, mainly the unification of the Tartary and the return of order in the steppes. Trade continues to go well and the military continues to have a major part of Roman society, and new weapons like tanks, planes, and better submarines now play a significant role in the way the Empire wages war. The financial crisis affects the Empire badly, and the economy suffers and many go without work. The current administration works to help mediate the crisis even though it knows its days are numbered. The civil war in the caliphate forces the Empire and its ally Assyria to be on guard. However, there are no current plans to get involved other than to increase security at the border.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The economy suffers a great deal, and as a result the Socialists and outlawed Communists get a bit too eager in their expression that they have the correct answer, resulting in many demonstrations and some riots.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started being worked on.
 * Borealia_Flag_2.png Union of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Films in color are becoming more popular. Electrical power continues to spread, although one scientist claims to have created better light by conducting gas. A theory of quanta is developed to explain phenomenon as smaller levels, and more theories follow to develop machines at this level. Tanks continue to be developed. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Airplanes begin to be built on the Remen design in Pannenstiel. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya. As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast.  Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. In sympathy for the oppression of Communism in Europe, a small Communist Party emerges this year in New Vienna. These people are viewed suspiciously, however, as Communism usually has no place in Borealian culture. The Gothic movement is dominated by the Reformist Church, now led by their Prophet-President Ashiki Schmidt, Jr. from their headquarters in San Francisco. Great protests and demonstrations are held throughout Borealia, Mexeca, and Reme, using the recent economic disaster as a sign of New Munich's moral failing. Charity work to help the impoverished are also created. New Norderney, a German state not part of New Munich, is pointed to by the Church as an example of a more centrally Gothic institution. The Nivkh independence movement also becomes dominant of most of Borealia, particularly among the Kiatagmiut who still remember their long lost ally. The core of the movement continues to become more militant, purchasing more firearms for themselves.
 * The State of Australia: The state greatly increases this year by beginning joint control over the colony of New Mecklenburg, provided by Germany on the provision of ceding the whole colony by 1929. The capital of the state is centered at Dandiri (OTL Brisbane), which administer over all land settlements and the Luwrit Sea (OTL Tasman Sea). Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry. Settlements begin to grow around the Lake Eyre region. With respect to the German colonial government, we ask Croatia to purchase the part of the outback north of Lake Eyre.
 * The Commonwealth of Oceana: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base on Midway. Exploration of West Antarctica continues. The nation considers expanding the Treaty of Midway over the waters within the Luwrit Sea. 
 * Colony of Kinshasa: With the incorporated French colony, continues to expand its lumber and mining companies with cheap labor picked up from surrounding natives. An organized government forms along with some small villages. The border expands inward 750 px.
 * Colony of North Antarctica: A small base is established on Antarctica's northernmost peninsula, inhabited only six months of the year. A lighthouse begins construction to aid shipping that travels south of Cape Horn.
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue their industrial development as well as the research into airships.
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: The Cuzco-Constantinople Crashes are felt strongly in Oldenburg. The OHG's stock prices, at a record high, plummet in value. Most coal mines in Spitzbergen are closed, with the OHG no longer able to cover costs. Politically, the Crashes also cripple Big Business in Oldenburg. The OHG and Big Business-backed Konservativen lose the vast majority of their supporters virtually overnight, as the party's affiliation with the business community -which most, if not all, see as the cause of this mess- has lost it all of its credibility. There is a corresponding growth in support for the Communists which rise, Phoenix-like, from the Crashes' ashes. The economic downturn also causes the emergence of an alarming new political force. The Oldenburger Jewish community has long had great influence over financial institutions in Oldenburg, and the main bank, the Jade Bank, is mostly run and owned by Jews. Many average people who lost their savings in the Jade Bank turn their hatred towards the Jewish bank owners. A small party, the "Patriotic Front" is formed, which mixes anti-Semitic bigotry and violence with anti-capitalist economic policies. Whilst small, it becomes quite vocal and visible in Oldenburg City, with the main Synagogue's windows being smashed during a PF march. This violent anti-semitism is virtually unheard of in Oldenburg, since the Oldenburger Jewish community has long been praised for bringing Oldenburg into financial prosperity. The Premier calls snap elections in August to take advantage of the decline in popularity of the Konservativen, whilst also tactically acting quickly before the Communists and PF can properly organise themselves. The Catholic-Socialist coalition strengthens its position in the Landtag in the election, with only one Konservativ retaining their seat, a mere seven Communists gaining seats. Worrying, however, is the three inner-city seats gained by the PF.
 * Commonwealth Lordship of Neu Norderney: With the RCLDS becoming closely associated with the Gothic Movement (which is apparently pro-Neu Norderney), many Neu Norderners grow more accepting of the RCLDS within the state. This acceptance does not, for the most part, result in conversion to the new Church, although a few hundred in the West do convert. The Vrashes also hit Neu Norderney very hard. The economy is mainly driven by primary industry - logging, farming and fishing - and these suffer heavy losses.
 * Empire of Lanka: The Lankan government focuses on industrialization. Accelerated industrialization in Lanka continues. The Edict of 1891 and Waardige Accord stay in effect. Dutch architecture, arts and culture have had a permanent effect on Lankan culture, although Lankan culture still remains with its own identity. The army remains one of the most modern in Asia due to the permanent result of European military from the Dutch throughout the protectoratecy. As the populations move to the cities, more and more men are recruited in the Lankan army. The parliament enacts nationwide conscription to reform the military, requiring all able-bodied men above twenty-one need to have at least eight years in active service, following by three years in the reserves. As the populations move to the cities, more and more men are recruited in the Lankan army.
 * The most recent census taken in 1860, accounts for 2,992,224 citizens. The trade ports on the island remain in heavy use with expansion of trade in Asia. Significant urbanization causes the cities of Waardige, Sri Jaywardenepura Kotte, Kandy, Kalmunai, and Galle, to be flooded with people. Waardige continues to be a trade, technological and industrial center in Asia. The complex Waardige canal system sees fall in use as more and more it becomes outdated due to changes in ships. The Island Spoorwegmaatschappij starts massive construction of railroads across the islands. Religion in the empire continues to be mixed with the three main religions of Hinduism, Buddhism and Dutch Reformist being worshipped on the main island while there are a few animist natives on Nava Kotte. The Lankan navy still holds warships that were supplied during the protectoratecy. The provincie system instituted in 1773 is changed to be less feudal and more bureaucratic, which basically turns them into an administrative division. The the title of the head of the provincie is changed from Count to Emperor's Commissioner. The King's Commissioner is also the head of the parliament (provinciale staten) in the provincie. Along with there being provinciale statens, a main parliament is also created. This main parliament will be assembled on the Emperor's command, and is used to decide issues, create public projects, and pass laws for the whole empire. Last year the emperor called the main parliament to discuss the issue of public education and the idea of the creating a constitution. The Emperor and the parliament passed the Compulsory Education Act of 1886, which states that education in Lanka for the ages of five to ten is compulsory. In elementary school the children learn Sinhala and Dutch (reading and writing) and basic mathematics. Also incorporated in this act is an edict against children working over thirteen hours a day. The emperor and parliament also created a constitution that officially set up the bureaucratic system. Last year parliament wanted to start to pursue a policy of faster industrialization, and to do this they passed the Edict of 1888 which abolished the caste system and slavery as well. Lankan industrial funding is used to build factories in the capital first, and then creating factories across major cities in the empire. To assist accelerated industrialization, Lanka tries to define its national unity. The government establishes the national language to be Sinhalese,and enforces this in schools. Buddhism continues to be the national religion and is inserted into the national curriculum. Lanka starts massively producing and exporting cigars (and other uses for tobacco), rubber, and mining diamonds and other precious gems. Galle continues to be fit by the Germans to build ironclads. Ironclads continue being purchased from the Germans. Lanka signs an alliance and trade pact with Spain, and a separate trade pact is signed with India. Seeing international reactions on the Tamil language ban, the Emperor modifies the law in the Edict of 1904. The edict states that Tamil is allowed to be spoken everywhere, but only written in public places in Tamil majority areas, and on Tamil religious buildings. The Empire begins to modernize its military by purchasing weapons from Japan and Rome, and specifically the Maxim Gun from India. Lanka begins producing massive amounts of tea to export to Europe. The Compulsory Education Act of 1919was passed in parliament which extends compulsory education from the ages five to ten, to five to fifteen. The edict also lifts the fourteen hour ban on child labor, and instead makes it so children can only work on Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday, and Sunday, while school is hosted on Monday, Wednesday and Friday. The empire hasn't really adopted an official currency since the separation from the Dutch, currencies like the Guilder, Stavraton, Tanki, and Gintsuka would float around Lankan markets. As the world-wide market crash happens, it becomes more evident to the emperor to adopt an official currency. The country begins to print and mint the Lankan Guilder. Industrialization continues, but at a slower rate due to the Lankan economy being tied to that of many other nations.
 * Republic of China: After years of isolationism and recovery from the defeat in the Sino-Japanese war and Chinese-Qinghai war, the PRC is hit yet again by another crisis. The current Global Depression forces us back into isolationism, despite our plan to invade Tibet. Meanwhile, during the isolationist years, a Centre-Right government has been elected. This new government, wanting to emerge from the crisis as an economic power, begins many austerity measures. The left, angry with this, protests and these protests are crushed by the police, sparking major civil unrest which is put down.
 * Emeraldie: The land forces stand at 90,000 men, with 70,000 in reserve, modernisation of the armed forces is completed. Vast industrial expansion occurs in the region following years of government encouragement and subsidies. We expand 800 px into the continent's interior. With the booming economy, the government begins investing heavily in education and infrastructure. In other news, the first domestically produced cars are built, with companies taking advantage of the growing petrol supply. The Royal Air Corps is expanded with new purpose built aircraft, it now includes 40 planes and four bomber Zeppelins. The world's first aircraft carrier is completed, christened HMES Charlemagne, it represents the pinnacle of naval aeronautics. In other news, the Royal Airship company is beginning building a system of routes connecting the major cities, with work starting on hangars and refuelling stations.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories: The territorial government is granted the ability to control a small armed force to maintain peace in the region and protect from native aggression, its current numbers are around 8000 men.
 * Spain:  Continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. The buildings rise higher and the trains run faster, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Barcelona and Madrid. Cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Boats and guns and cars. Spain begins to mass troops along the border with France and increases patrols around the entire coast of Spain. Spain continues to commission destroyers and increases the number of battle ready ships in the Royal Armada. More artillery stuff. Carlo Ferreira continues to develop aeroplanes and makes great advances. The Spanish colony of West Africa expands 8000 sq km north in the west and east, totaling 16,000 sq km. Croats in Dahomey retain their rights. Dahomey expands 8000 sq km into the interior of Africa. The Spanish colony in southwest Africa expands 8000 sq km inland as well. Cars. Spain continues to develop better tanks. Also, Spain launches more super-dreadnoughts. Planes improve. The Madrid Stock Exchange is hit by the economic crisis that attacked Cuzco and Constantinople. Spanish people begin withdrawing money from banks, so the government closes banks, declaring a Bank Holiday to prevent total loss of money in banks. #NoMoreWikiaChanges
 * Algeria: Begins to near the Spanish level of military technology. Boats, guns, planes, cars, money. Algeria is affected by the crisis in Spain.
 * Singapore: Also continues to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain. Singapore is affected by the economic crisis in Spain, but to a smaller degree, so the Singapore government moves fast to put security measures in place to prevent further losses.


 * <p style="font-size:16px;line-height:26px;">Andea:  Andea's economic growth grinds to a halt with the recent stock market crash. The stock market crash in itself would be managable if not for a massive panic triggered in its wake. Very quickly, the Andean banks begin to fail. The governemnt quickly cuts naval funding and pours money into the failing system, hoping to rescue it. Funding for the ANA (Andean National Army) and Marine core remains steady despite the economic hardship. The Machine Pistol is offically adopted as part of the Andean Army and Marines. The National gaurd responds to a massive protest in Arequipa, quickly dispersing the protesters.


 * Union of Sudafrica: The nation continues to see expansions in military, navy, and industry. Despite the economic hardships, the literacy and health of the colony expand drastically.

1924
''' In Sardinia, a dispute between a French businessman and a Lombard army captain ends poorly, ending with the Frenchman and three bystander French citizens being shot down, escalating tensions further regarding the already disputed island. '''

''' Following the financial crisis, Socialists and Communists start causing trouble up north in Arcadia, raising issues between them and the local Reman authorities. '''

''' Olympic Results soon. '''


 * Commonwealth Kingdoms: New Mecklenburg, Kameroon, and German West Africa expand by 750 px each. The economic depression continues, and seems to worsen as the year goes on. Unemployment is believed to have reached 15% this year, and shows no signs of slowing. The government begins considering exporting the growing reserves of oil from New Mecklenburg in an attempt to spur the economy. Andea, Brazil, and Algonquia are again sent the offer of alliance and economic cooperation from last year.


 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science. The Hyundai Motor Company continues to build more cars.
 * Borealia_Flag_2.png Union of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Films in color are becoming more popular. Electrical power continues to spread, although one scientist claims to have created better light by conducting gas. A theory of quanta is developed to explain phenomenon as smaller levels, and more theories follow to develop machines at this level. Tanks continue to be developed. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Airplanes begin to be built on the Remen design in Pannenstiel. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya. As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast.  Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. In sympathy for the oppression of Communism in Europe, a small Communist Party emerges this year in New Vienna. These people are viewed suspiciously, however, as Communism usually has no place in Borealian culture. The Gothic movement continues to protest, considering themselves an authority on the moral failings of the continent, and offer support to the rebels in Arcadia. Local authorities in the union grow concerned. The Reformist Church in New Norderney competes in popularity with the Socialist Catholics, seeing them as an enmity against the Goths, particularly in Borealia. Some Reformists begin preaching that the end of the world is near. The Nivkh independence movement also becomes dominant of most of Borealia, particularly among the Kiatagmiut who still remember their long lost ally. The core of the movement continues to become more militant, purchasing more firearms for themselves. They issue Japan a final warning to release their people.
 * The State of Australia: The state greatly increases this year by beginning joint control over the colony of New Mecklenburg, provided by Germany on the provision of ceding the whole colony by 1929. The capital of the state is centered at Dandiri (OTL Brisbane), which administer over all land settlements and the Luwrit Sea (OTL Tasman Sea). Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry. Settlements begin to grow around the Lake Eyre region. With respect to the German colonial government, we ask Croatia to purchase the part of the outback north of Lake Eyre.
 * The Commonwealth of Oceana: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base on Midway. Exploration of West Antarctica continues. The nation considers expanding the Treaty of Midway over the waters within the Luwrit Sea. 
 * Colony of Kinshasa: With the incorporated French colony, continues to expand its lumber and mining companies with cheap labor picked up from surrounding natives. An organized government forms along with some small villages. The border expands inward 750 px.
 * Colony of North Antarctica: A small base is established on Antarctica's northernmost peninsula, inhabited only six months of the year. A lighthouse begins construction to aid shipping that travels south of Cape Horn.


 * Lombardy: Our military is continuing to increase due to technology becoming better. Factories still make weapons and vehicles for our military, but it is not the mostly made item. With the increase of factories in the nation, more jobs are being made. The employment rate has continue increase in the nation. Agriculture is our best industry in the nation. The railway industry is continuing to work on improving the tracks. Doctors are now continue to use X-rays to see the inside of people. Cars are now being popular within the middle class people, and not just the rich society. Trade goes well with the Roman Empire. The navy continues to make ships for trade and for future tensions. We continue to build many buildings like hospitals, colleges and banks. This is the third straight year we slowly annex Sardinia into our nation. Due to the problem in Sardinia, both the Frenchman and the Italian captain are put into jail. Prince Mario's son Antonio is born.
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue their industrial development as well as the research into airships.
 * Repulic of China: The austerity measures continue, unopposed, and greatly improve the economy. With our new economy, we begin to pour money into our armed forces, building them up to a force of three million. Meanwhile, we offer bailout to some failing Chinese states with fragile economies, warning them of the current Global Depression, if they will essentially become a ROC puppet, hoping to gain control of China through diplomacy this time. We also prepare for an invasion of Tibet, massing troops on the border.
 * Emeraldie: The land forces stand at 90,000 men, with 70,000 in reserve, modernisation of the armed forces is completed. Vast industrial expansion occurs in the region following years of government encouragement and subsidies. We expand 800 px into the continent's interior. With the booming economy, the government begins investing heavily in education and infrastructure. In other news, the first domestically produced cars are built, with companies taking advantage of the growing petrol supply. The Royal Air Corps is expanded with new purpose built aircraft, it now includes 40 planes and four bomber Zeppelins. The world's first aircraft carrier is completed, christened HMES Charlemagne, it represents the pinnacle of naval aeronautics. The government begins in acting austerity to prevent the nation from becoming bankrupt. Despite this, however, the Royal Airship Company begins its first flights across the nation.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories: The territorial government is granted the ability to control a small armed force to maintain peace in the region and protect from native aggression, its current numbers are around 8000 men.
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: The economy remains in a poor state, with more people becoming unemployed by the week. The Patriotic Front slowly gains membership and momentum, much to the dismay of most right-minded Oldenburgers.
 * Commonwealth Lordship of Neu Norderney: The RCLDS does make some small gains in the West of the country, but despite Borealian-Gothic propaganda claims, it is not in a position to "compete in popularity" with the Catholic Church, which is firmly established in most of Neu Norderney. The Catholic-Socialist coalition government vows to be tougher on businesses in the future, but for now, it focuses on supporting those made unemployed through benefits and job creation (on large public projects like bridges).
 * Ban Republic of Croatia (Banska Republika Hrvatska): Sewerage systems similar to Ragusan ones are built in major towns of theBan Republic. With growing Ragusan influence, and the beginning of further colonization, the navy expands rapidly using much of the Ragusan expertise. Moreover, with the influx of new resources in form of lumber, labour and metals, the navy begins expanding at a fast rate. More and more ships capable of crossing the Atlantic with ease are built. The Sabor intends to restore the glorious naval culture of the Neretva peoples and plans to do so by expanding the navy. The kravata (tie) is more and more used as an accessory. Trade routes are strengthened and the salt mines around Tuzla are explored as well as the salt industry in Pag and Nin. Using irrigation from the Danube, Sava, Drava, Drina, Cetina, Una, Vrbaš, Kupa, Neretva and other rivers the fields in the kingdom are developed, used for crops such as wheat, rye and barley. With trade routes increasing and Croatia entering an era of peace and of stability, the development of new trade ships is issued. Stone mining is furthered as well as the timber industry. The need for these resources rises as urbanization carries on. Iron ores in Dugopolje, Zenice and at last the 'mud' ore in Vojvodina and Eastern Slavonia are to be exploited alongside the silver and copper ores more frequently and of better quality than the iron ores. The exploitation of iron ores in the Lika and Gorski kotar areas continues. The salt industry in Ston is funded by the government. The influx of resources from Dahomey aids the economy. However, the government makes sure that the gold arriving isn't immediately put on the market in order to control the inflation in the worth of gold. The silver mine in Srebrenica is mined. Kotor Saraka (Adelaide) continues to expand. Draganić continues his research. 
 * Isles of the Archvoivodeship (Otoci Nadvojvodstva): The infrastructure is built up.
 * Ban Republic of Carantania (Banska Republika Karantanija): Being Alpine Slavic nation, the leaders begin a programme to create a standardized Carantanian language that will reflect on both the Slavic and Alpine (Germanic) aspects of Carantania.
 * Sukadang Županija: Croatization. Expansion onto the other parts of Borneo.
 * Croatian Africa: Continues to expand.
 * White Croatia: Large-scale Croatization, numerous harsh measures are introduced to ensure White Croatia is Croatian.
 * Roman Empire: The Roman Empire continues to recover from the shock of the Great War, in which many good Romans died. The Empire also focuses on its internal security and stability after noticing the power of the revolt in Africa and remembering painful memories of revolts in Italy and Egypt. Economic and civic policy are seen as key to improving stability and cohesiveness in the Empire. With that said, the Empire does have several foreign policy successes to note as well, mainly the unification of the Tartary and the return of order in the steppes. Trade continues to go well and the military continues to have a major part of Roman society, and new weapons like tanks, planes, and better submarines now play a significant role in the way the Empire wages war. The financial crisis affects the Empire badly, and the economy suffers and many go without work. The current administration works to help mediate the crisis even though it knows its days are numbered. The civil war in the caliphate forces the Empire and its ally Assyria to be on guard. However, there are no current plans to get involved other than to increase security at the border.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The economy suffers a great deal, and as a result the Socialists and outlawed Communists get a bit too eager in their expression that they have the correct answer, resulting in many demonstrations and some riots.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started being worked on.
 * Spain  continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning despite economic hardship. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. but government funded projects end as the government begins using money in other places in an effort to save the falling economy. Spanish businesses expand across Spanish territories and in other nations. The buildings rise higher and the trains run faster, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Barcelona and Madrid. Cars and planes and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Boats and guns and cars. Spain increases the number of battle ready ships in the Royal Armada, although at a much slower rate as the new government cuts military spending down to 60%. More automatic weaponry stuff. The Spanish colony of West Africa expands 8000 sq km north in the west and east, totaling 16,000 sq km. Croats in Dahomey retain their rights. Dahomey expands 8000 sq km into the interior of Africa. The Spanish colony in southwest Africa expands 8000 sq km inland as well. Spain continues to develop better tanks. Planes improve. The economic recession leads to massive upheaval across Spain as the Moderates become the majority party in Spanish government. Fortunata Cardona becomes the Prime Minister and begins enacting measures that he believes will save the Spanish economy and lift it from the recession, and hopes that progress made in Spain will help other nations recover as well. #NoMoreWikiaChanges
 * Algeria begins to feel the effects of the recession in Spain. Algerian banks lose money fast, since they did not place security measures in place as soon as possible, unlike Singapore. Boats, guns, planes, cars, money.
 * Singapore also continues to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain. Singapore is affected by the economic crisis in Spain, but to a smaller degree, so the Singapore government moves fast to put security measures in place to prevent further losses.
 * Brazil: Settlement of Brazil’s new African territories is encouraged, especially in Porto Natal, Porto Centauro (Richard’s Bay), named for military leader Manuel Marques de Sousa, Barreto (Pietermaritzburg), named for José Luís Mena Barreto, Vila João (Johannesburg), named for King João of Guiana, and Vinicia (Pretoria). With the threat of the Zulu eliminated diamond and gold industries can be fully exploited, and a mass immigration occurs to the region from other portions of South Africa, Hesperia, and Europe. The Embraer C-9 continues heavy production and use across the nation. Development of a light armoured reconnaissance vehicle begins to be employed in South Africa primarily. A partnership between the company Ed Ferreirinha & Irmão, an automotive business founded by race car driver Eduardo Ferreirinha, and foreign car manufacturers leads to the creation of Brazil’s first domestic car company. The ensuing brand becomes known as Ferreirinha, and begins mass producing domestic vehicles for the Brazilian population. One of the company’s rivals, União Metalo-Mecânica, catches the attention of the government by creating the Metralhadora Carro, or União MC-I, the first armoured reconnaissance vehicle for the Brazilian military. The first Brazilian tank, the Armadura-I, is also created. The tank is equipped with seven to thirteen millimeter armor, two 7.92 millimeter machine guns, and powered by a four cylinder air-cooled gasoline engine to reach a speed of about fifty kilometers per hour on road. The independent colony of Bechuanaland is created as a collection of colonies and settlements in OTL Botswana, and becomes the third official state in the Transvaal Union. Each colony is expected to have the ability to raise an independent army, which is under the direct control of a central authority in Vinicia, Solumbuso.

1925
''' Communists and some of their socialist allies revolt in Arcadia in the Reman Empire. (Non-Popular) '''


 * Caliphate drastically improves infrastructure, industry and economy. As we seek to protect our possesions, we become less expansionist into foreign cultures and lands. We continue westernization efforts especially in urban, developed regions, such as Baghdad. As with every year, we maintain our two Holy cities and donate a small amount of our income to charity, especially to the poor: beggars, widows, and more of the like. We maintain our military, but the military becomes less emphasized with the signing of the pan-Asian pact, which protects the Caliphate from any foreign invasion and threats. We improve relations with the Afghans, hoping to bring them into the Pact in the near future. With the death of Caliph Hakeem bin Malik many of our young citizens call him the "Magnificent", specifically for his republican reforms, implementing the Shura. With the westernization and increasing democratic power, we begin, on a small scale, implementing railroads, especially connecting urban cities and regions. We also begin construction on large-scale of an Ironclad fleet, in order to combat the Roman fleet. With the full implementation and the construction of roads, postal service, railroads, transportation and news travels faster than ever, allowing the unity of the Caliphate. We begin to encourage urban cities sto start developing their own newspapers, as along with the arrival of radios into the Caliphate, due to the Westernization Effort. We continue to support the idea of the Caliphate as a pan-Islamic state, not Pan-Arabic. The Government completely reforms, seeking Hakeem's dream of a truly democratic Caliphate. A new office is created: Sultan. The Caliph becomes only the religious leader of the Caliphate, whose position is heredity, with the Sultan being elected from the Shura. The Caliphate begins to become federalized, with every province of the Caliphate holding a small amount of power. We continue to attempt to convert Shia Muslims, even bribing local religious leaders to begin to teach Sunni beliefs. With the war against the Romans ending with status quo ante bellum and restoration of all previous treaties, the Caliphate becomes desperate to look for new wealth. With oil found in Persia, and predictions of an even greater oil field by Borealian geologists, the Caliphate offers to grant Borealian companies 20% of all profits from oil sales for 15 years, starting from the year the Caliphate first starts exporting oil. The Caliphate continues to head to democracy with the foundation set by Caliph Hakeem. The Caliphate continues promoting Arab, Persian, Swahili and Turkic culture. We accept all oil offers that include us giving oil in exchange for technology or money.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science. The Hyundai Motor Company continues to build more cars.
 * United Nordic Republics
 * ​Republic of Denmark: Denmark capitalizes on the fall of Pskov. With money flowing into the Kattegat and out of Pskovian wallets, there is one undoubted ruler of the Baltic Seas now. Former Communists flee to Jutland since Denmark is a Socialist state. Prime Minister Albert Wagner celebrates the end of the Great War, condemning Communism as a perversion of state-sponsored welfare. He worries that the actions of France have harmed Socialist movements in Europe, setting them back decades. In the meantime, a new destroyer is added to the Danish navy. There are over 113 ships in total flying Danish colors.
 * Republic of Sweden: Sweden also sees profit in the fall of Pskov. With money flowing into the Kattegat and out of Pskovian wallets, there is one undoubted ruler of the Baltic Seas now. Telephone lines are built in Sweden as electricity is brought to the northern cities and towns of Sweden. The Republic of Sweden commissions two destroyers into the Swedish fleet. There are now over 200 ships flying Swedish colors. Sweden offers to westernize the Caliphate in exchange for oil.
 * Republic of Norway: Christjen Sigurson continues his term as president of the Norwegian Republic. Norway produces the Knulleskipetditt-Class protected cruiser, deciding the Stejt-Class is unfit for patrolling the North Sea and the open waters. Three are produced. In the meantime, Norway sends troops to the cause in the Winter War, congratulating Iceland on a victory. Christjen Sigurdson states the necessity of good relations with Algonquia and Borealia following this war. "Now that we've settled these differences, let's get back to making money." There are currently 193 ships flying Norwegian colors.
 * Republic of Finland: Jonna Kekkonnen visits the Karelian cities this year. She wishes to improve the cities of Karelja, forming the Karelja Initiative. In the meantime, landlines to Sweden and Norway are proposed. Construction is mid-way by Christmas this year. She sends money and foodstuff to Helluland in the Winter War. The Anaalihävityksen-Class protected cruiser is commissioned, though Finland is more interested in buying used ships from the Nordic Revolutions where applicable. The city of Helsinki sees drastic growth this year as urbanization in Finland continues. Kekkekon continues to fight for women's rights. There are 73 ships in Finland's navy. In the meantime, seeing Reme's success with powered flight, Finland considers recreating the experiment.
 * Commonwealth of Iceland: Iceland's immediate concern, the Winter War, seems to be over. The people of Iceland rejoice. Literacy programs in Iceland begin. According to the Alting, too many people 'can't figure out how to spell our damn words right.' Reykyjavik sees improvements this year. The University of Reykyjavik opens its doors in 1881. The university is noted for being the 'North Pole of Academia.' Speaking of the North Pole, expeditions are sent to the Arctic ice cap to investigate the North Pole. The navy of Iceland improves, with the Augapóker-Class cruiser being released this year. Iceland wishes to increase relations with Algonquia and Borealia, offering to re-open the embassy in Helluland and Reykjavik.
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: The economy remains stagnant, but unemployment seems to be steadying. The government begins a tranche of reforms, nationalising many vital means of production and providing more jobs. Emigration to Neu Norderney rises. The Patriotic Front continues to slowly gain prominence.
 * Commonwealth Lordship of Neu Norderney: The government embarks on a grand project in the west of the country to provide jobs: building a hydroelectric damn. It is hoped that the thousands of new jobs, and the eventual free source of electricity will help the economy's recovery.


 * Lombardy: Our military is continuing to increase due to technology becoming better. Factories still make weapons and vehicles for our military, but it is not the mostly made item. With the increase of factories in the nation, more jobs are being made. The employment rate has continue increase in the nation. Agriculture is our best industry in the nation. The railway industry is continuing to work on improving the tracks. Doctors are now continue to use X-rays to see the inside of people. Cars are now being popular within the middle class people, and not just the rich society. Trade goes well with the Roman Empire. The navy continues to make ships for trade and for future tensions. We continue to build many buildings like hospitals, colleges and banks. This is the fourth straight year we slowly annex Sardinia into our nation.
 * Borealia_Flag_2.png Union of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Films in color are becoming more popular. Electrical power continues to spread, although one scientist claims to have created better light by conducting gas. A theory of quanta is developed to explain phenomenon as smaller levels, and more theories follow to develop machines at this level. Tanks continue to be developed. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Airplanes begin to be built on the Remen design in Pannenstiel. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya. As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast.  Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. In sympathy for the oppression of Communism in Europe, a small Communist Party emerges this year in New Vienna. These people are viewed suspiciously, however, as Communism usually has no place in Borealian culture. The Gothic movement insists on aiding the rebels in Arcadia, as they see the old destruction of Arcadia to be a violation of their rights. The Curia remains neutral, but tells Reme that they will help put down the rebels in exchange for purchasing parts of Texas, which would give Borealia a port on the Atlantic (Mod response). The Reformist Church continues to grow in the continent, leading many relief efforts for the poor and preaching that the second coming of Christ will come in this generation. In order to neuteralize the Nivkh independence movement, the Curia offers to sell Japan the Island of Palau if they agree to grant the Nivkh independence (MOD RESPONSE PLEASE).
 * The State of Australia: The state greatly increases this year by beginning joint control over the colony of New Mecklenburg, provided by Germany on the provision of ceding the whole colony by 1929. The capital of the state is centered at Dandiri (OTL Brisbane), which administer over all land settlements and the Luwrit Sea (OTL Tasman Sea). Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry. Settlements begin to grow around the Lake Eyre region. With respect to the German colonial government, we ask Croatia to purchase the part of the outback north of Lake Eyre.
 * The Commonwealth of Oceana: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base on Midway. Exploration of West Antarctica continues. The nation considers expanding the Treaty of Midway over the waters within the Luwrit Sea. 
 * Colony of Kinshasa: With the incorporated French colony, continues to expand its lumber and mining companies with cheap labor picked up from surrounding natives. An organized government forms along with some small villages. The border expands inward 750 px.
 * Colony of North Antarctica: A small base is established on Antarctica's northernmost peninsula, inhabited only six months of the year. A lighthouse begins construction to aid shipping that travels south of Cape Horn.
 * Perhaps I should add in the fact that Japan would under no circumstances grant the Nivkh independence. The Nivkh independence movement doesn't even exist in Japan, and entirely exists in Borealia. Sort of like the Khalistan movement in Canada. Moving on, mainland Nivkh has a strategic position for Japan as most Japanese railway routes to Japanese Kamchatka would naturally go through Nivkh territory and Nivkh independence would also threaten Japanese hegemony in the Sea of Japan. Add in the fact that granting the Nivkh independence would also fuel similar movements in the Empire of Japan, considering if Japan somehow decided to succumb to Borealian pressure, it show Japanese weakness. Finally, even if we disregard all of the above, granting the Nivkh independence for a minor island just doesn't make sense. It would be like USA giving Alaska independence to gain a single Carribean island after getting pressured by France to do so because Alaskan refugees in France want to establish an independent Alaskan state -Rimp
 * Rimp, you're not a mod, so this isn't a mod response. First of all, that's a false analogy because the Nivkh are a very tiny state, equal in importance to Palau. It provides equal strategic advantage because Palau is near the Sea of Japan. Furthermore, Japan is already suffering independence movements such as in China, so there would be no point to try stopping any of it now. -Nathan
 * It was never supposed to be a 'Mod Response'. I was merely giving the Mods a background info in regards to the Nivkh situation. In any case, that was a pretty good attempt a straw man argument, as you avoided any defense to my statements. I shall however answers ones. First of all, Nivkh is not minor territory and as mentioned above, if independent would threaten Japanese hegemony over the Sea of Japan as well as result in Japan being completely cut off from Japanese Kamchatka. Moving on, I am not sure what Maps you've been looking at but Palau is nowhere near the Sea of Japan. In fact, why're you offering Palau to Japan anyway? As per the 5th Point of the Treaty of Midway, Palau belongs to Japan. So please don't try to trick people here. Finally, just cause Japan suffered a rebellion in China doesn't mean that Japan will suffer 100 more rebellions and that Japan is going to die. Hence, no reason to give Nivkh independence. Nope Nope Nope -Rimp
 * Rimp, all you're doing is saying 'no' as some authority based on your presuppositions on what the status of the Nivkh are, which you you have no business in whatsoever. I'm not 'avoiding your arguments' because I'm not arguing with you, I just find it very stupid that you stand here giving a false impression on the status of the Nivkh based purely on your opinion. However, I did kindly take your suggestion of offering something of equal importance to Japan, of which you clearly go out of your way to undermine anyway. Even though, again, you have absolutely nothing to gain from it.
 * Roman Empire: The Roman Empire continues to recover from the shock of the Great War, in which many good Romans died. The Empire also focuses on its internal security and stability after noticing the power of the revolt in Africa and remembering painful memories of revolts in Italy and Egypt. Economic and civic policy are seen as key to improving stability and cohesiveness in the Empire. With that said, the Empire does have several foreign policy successes to note as well, mainly the unification of the Tartary and the return of order in the steppes. Trade continues to go well and the military continues to have a major part of Roman society, and new weapons like tanks, planes, and better submarines now play a significant role in the way the Empire wages war. The financial crisis affects the Empire badly, and the economy suffers and many go without work. The current administration works to help mediate the crisis even though it knows its days are numbered. The civil war in the caliphate forces the Empire and its ally Assyria to be on guard. However, there are no current plans to get involved other than to increase security at the border.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The economy suffers a great deal, and as a result the Socialists and outlawed Communists get a bit too eager in their expression that they have the correct answer, resulting in many demonstrations and some riots. Reman forces launch attacks against the upstart communists to contain their rebellion and restore peace and order in the region.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started being worked on.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started being worked on.