Commonwealth of Mars (Martian Glory)

The Commonwealth of Mars was an early colony established on Mars by the Commonwealth of England, ruled by Oliver Cromwell the Lord Protector. First established in 1653, it continued to practice parliamentarianism and Puritanism long after the restoration of the monarchy in England. Cromwell’s son Richard had been overthrown as Lord Protector in 1660, and the Leadington Plan of 1663 attempted to transport him to Mars where he would rule the Commonwealth, but this failed. The Commonwealth therefore declared itself independent of the Kingdom of England and established home rule. By 1700, the Commonwealth had become a Martian Great Power.