Hungary (Giovinezza)

Hungary, officially the Kingdom of Hungary, is a unitary constitutional monarchy in Central Europe. It is bordered by Slovakia to the north, South Germany to the east, Slovenia to the south-west, the Moesian Federation to the south, Romania to the south-east and the Commonwealth of Independent States to the east. With about 13 million inhabitants, Hungary is a medium-sized European country in terms of population and is the eleventh most populous country on the continent.

Following centuries of successive habitation by Celts, Romans, Slavs, Gepids and Avars, the foundation of Hungary was laid in the late 9th century by the Hungarian grand prince Árpád in the conquest of the Carpathian Basin. His great-grandson Stephen I ascended to the throne in 1000, converting the country to a Christian kingdom. By the 12th century, Hungary became a middle power within the Western world, reaching a golden age by the 15th century.[11] Following the Battle of Mohács in 1526 and about 150 years of partial Ottoman occupation (1541–1699), Hungary came under Habsburg rule, and later formed the great power Austro–Hungarian Empire together with Austria.

Hungary was significantly downsized by the Treaty of Trianon after their defeat in the First World War; the country lost 71% of its territory, 58% of its population and 32% of ethnic Hungarians. Following the interwar period, Hungary joined the Axis Powers in World War II, suffering significant damage and casualties. In the aftermath, the country was divided between east and west, with the former eventually becoming a Soviet satellite state under a communist dictatorship and the latter establishing a Fascist regime and an alliance with Italy. After the collapse of East Hungary's communist government, it reunited with its western counterpart and formed the modern democratic constitutional monarchy of today.