Mongolia (Twilight of a New Era)

The Mongolian People's Republic (Mongolian: Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Ард Улс (БНМАУ), Bügd Nairamdakh Mongol Ard Uls (BNMAU)) is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia FSR to the north and China to the south, east and west.

Until 1911 it was part of China in the region known has Outer Mongolia. When Xinhai Revolution had begun in China, and in December 1911 the Mongols deposed the Manchu amban (high Official) in Ikh Khuree (present Ulan Bator) and declared their independence under the leadership of the 8th Jebtsundamba Khutuktu, who was appointed Bogd Khan of Mongolia, breaking away from the Manchu Empire. During the Russian Revolution, Mongolia was part of the battleground between the Red Army and the White Forces. In 1919-1921 China sent a expeditionary force to recover Mongolia, which was defeated by a combined force of the Red Army and the Mongolian People's Army. The Mongolian People's Republic was proclaimed in 1921.