Kingdom of Montenegro (German Heritage)

KOM
The Kingdom of Montenegro (Serbian: Краљевина Црнa Горa / Kraljevina Crna Gora) was a monarchy in Southern Europe.

Prince Nicholas of Montenegro proclaimed the Kingdom of Montenegro in Cetinje on 28 August 1910, elevating the country from the rank of Principality. King Nicholas I had ruled the country as Prince since 1860, and had initiated several modernising reforms at the beginning of the 20th century, such as introducing a constitution and a new currency, the Montenegrin perper. During the First World War, Montenegro was occupied by the Austrian-Hungarian Army. Initially, Montenegro was to be annexed by Austria-Hungary. However, with the fragile political balance in place in Austria in 1918, this plan never came to fruition. Instead, Karl I of Austria decided to make, a member of the Tuscan branch of the Habsburgs, the new monarch of Montenegro. Montenegro instead fell under the influence of Austria.

Leopold Salvator’s election as the King of Montenegro was confirmed by, which dealt with the Balkan Allies. In the terms of the Treaty, union with was forbidden, in an attempt to destroy the  so prevalent in 1918. An revolt lead by in October 1918 attempted to overthrow the independent Montenegrin state and integrate it into the. He was bitterly opposed by the “Greens” led by Krsto Popović, who would become Chief of the Montegrin Army in 1922. Guerrilla Warfare lasted until the mid-1920s, when the final Pan-Serbian militias crossed the border into Serbia.

During (1936-39), Montenegro was invaded by Serbia, who completely annexed the territory and created the Serbian. In 1939, after Bulgarian success on the Eastern Front, Montenegro was liberated as part of the. The last Serbian troops withdrew in April 1940, just five months after the signing of the treaty. Public Opinion, which had historically pro-Serbian, now distanced itself from Yugoslavism and became more committed to an independent Montenegro.