Witiges (Fidem Pacis)

Witiges was King of Spain from 803 to 817, the brother and successor of Theoderic III. Not much is known of his reign, but among his first acts was to agree to peace with the Emperor Charlemagne, whose emerging empire had surpassed Spain during the reign of Theoderic. Witiges recognized Charlemagne's use of the imperial title and accepted the loss of Aquitaine, and in return was offered trade rights and financial assistance in rebuilding his capital, Barcelona.

However, the peace treaty did not mean that Spain was content to remain submissive forever. The country never forgave the Papacy for supporting Charlemagne's cause, thus providing the seeds for Spain's schism from the Church sixty years later.

Witiges died in 817 and was succeeded by his son, Ferdinand I.