300 BCE's (Athenian Legacy)

398 BCE-392 BCE- First Syracusan War-Dionysius I of Syracuse, the Cruel Tyrant of the City, decides to take matters into his own hands. Supported by Kamarina and Akragas, Dionysius marches upon Himera, a recent member of the Delian League. The initial Syracusan attack is extremely successful, and brings a number of Athenian Colonies to their knees. The Pagondas Reformsare then fully implemented. Athens eventually recovers and defeats Syracuse and Thebes in a large number of major military conflicts, culminating in a Athenian victory that forces major Syracusan concessions. Conon and Pagondas are slain in the battles. The Samus League is formed across independent Greek, Cretan, and Italian states to counter the growing Athenian power.

392 BCE-380 BCE. Battle of Allia in 390 BCE, Gallic tribes sack Rome but are then driven out by a Roman ex-consul, Marcus Furius Camilius. 388 BCE, Spartans prepare to publicly denounce Athens and destroy the democracy, but are delayed by slave dissent. 387 BCE, Persia alligns itself with the Spartan conspirators, who are on the verge of returning the old Monarchy to power. 385 BCE, Plato founds his academy a few miles north of Athens. 345 BCE, Pharos is founded in modern day Croatia by Athenian colonists. 384 BCE, a pro-Samus Party led by a Spartan conspirator overthrows the Theban rulership and installs a Pro-Spartan government in Thebes. The Athenian army then marches back into Thebes and restores the old government to the throne, foiling Spartan plans. 381 BCE, Persia installs a puppet King in Cyprus. Athens makes its largest annual income in the history of its empire. Rome conquers Tusculum. 380 BCE, Spartan Conspirators gain the majority in Sparta, and begin to re-implement conservative policies. Civil strife in Egypt ends the reign of the 29th Dynasty.

379 BCE-370 BCE: On the fourth of March, the Athenian backed Spartan democracy is overthrown by the Spartan conspirators who place Agesilaus II, the half-brother of Agis II, on the throne of Sparta. Athens, infuriated by the act of defiance prepares to march on Sparta. The Samus League, however, announces its willingness to fight Athens in the scenario that Athens marches on Sparta. The Athenian Government, spearheaded by the victorious Hamener, is forced to back down under this threat of another Greek war, which Athens cannot afford with its lack of manpower reserve. The Samus League quickly becomes a force to be reckoned with, but its power dissolves during the Great Helot Revoltthat ruins Sparta. Timotheus, the son of Conon the Great, becomes the leading statesman and Strategos in Athens, integrating other cultural and ethnic groups within Athenian borders. In 374 BCE, Timotheus wages a series of short wars with neighboring states in the Pelleponesis. For the next four years, Timotheus leads Athens through its first "golden" era, though the situation begins to spiral out of control.

369 BCE-360 BCE- A series of conflicts in Thessaly and the North of Greece erupt, eventually dragging Athens to the verge of war.

369 B.C: After establishing his supremacy over the other claimants to the throne, the new King Alexander II of Macedon is pulled into a conflict in Thessaly. Alexander, the Tyrant of Thessaly, establishes a regime whose cruelty provokes King Alexander of Macedon to intervene on behalf of Alueadae of Larissa, a prominent "Lord" in Macedon. The King of Macedon succesfully occupies Larissa in support of Aluedae, but breaks his word and garrisons the area to begin an integration process. This action prompts an Athenian emissary led by Thimotheus and his son, Helmetrus, to negotiate with Alexander II. The King of Macedon is forced to withdraw from Thesally under threat of Athenian intervention. Under the counsel of his advisors, Alexander hands over a series of hostages as part of an alliance pact- including the future king, Philip.

In 368 BCE, Tyrant Alexander continues his abuses in Thessaly, and the people of the region again cry out. Thimoteus rides back north with a new emissary, but is imprisoned by the Tyrant. The Athenian Assembly then votes for revenge, and Helmetrus is sent north to confront the Tyrant with a fresh army. Himetrus engages the Tyrant later that year at the Battle of Ctemenae, where he is victorious.

367 BCE:: Dionyiusus I of Syracuse, the unpopular ruler of Syracuse, dies at the age of 63 and is then succedded by his son, Dionyiusus II. Dionysius, is a weak and feeble, allowing his uncle, Dion, to truly ascend to power.

366 BCE: Timotheus persuades the Assembly to begin the construction of a new city on the island of Kos, named Kos itself. Also, in Sicily, Dionysius becomes aware of the plot and attempts to banish Dion and his teacher, Plato, though a large group of supporters overwhelm the Tyrant. Dionyisus himself is banished from Syracuse and Dion is proclaimed the Tyrant.

364 BCE: Phillip II of Macedon is returned from Athens to Northern Greece after being held held hostage for five years. Trouble in the North continues, as a series of agressive actions against Athens by the Thracian King, Kotys I, brings Thrace and Athens to war. Timotheus, who is battling a endless war against rebellious cities in the east, allows his son, Helmetrus to march North. Helmetrus succesfully defeats Kotys, and secures Athenian dominance in former Thracian areas as well as bringing in Thracian controlled Crimean territrories as colonies.

361 BCE- Continued resentment between the former allies of Corinth and Athens eventually reaches its pinicale when the Corinthian government declines any Athenian influence with its state, eventually resulting in the Corinthian invasion of the Isthmus of Corinth, initiating the Third Peloponnesian War.