New Brunswick (Canadian Republic)

New Brunswick (French: Nouveau-Brunswick;  Canadian French pronunciation:  [nuvobʁɔnzwɪk]  ( listen) ) is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces (together with Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia) and is the only province to have exclusively English and French as official languages. The principal cities are Fredericton, the capital, Greater Moncton, currently the largest metropolitan (CMA) area and the most populous city, and the port city of Saint John, which was the first incorporated city in Canada and largest in the province for 231 years until 2016.

In the Canada 2016 Census, Statistics Canada estimated the provincial population to have been 747,101, down very slightly from 751,171 in 2011, on an area of almost 73,000 km2. The majority of the population is English-speaking of Anglo and Celtic heritage, but there is also a large Francophone minority (33%), chiefly of Acadian origin. It was created as a result of the partitioning of the British colony of Nova Scotia in 1784 and was originally named New Ireland with the capital to be in Saint John. The name was soon replaced with New Brunswick by King George II. The provincial flag features a ship superimposed on a yellow background with three white maple leaves on red pennon above it.