Timeline (Rule, Britannia!)

Timeline for Rule, Britannia!

11th century

 * 1016: The Danes and English engage in battle at Assandun. Canute of Denmark is killed and English victory is proclaimed. The English then proceed to drive the Danes from England.
 * 1051: Edmund II and is succeeded by his son Edward (the Exile OTL).
 * 1053: Margaret of Scotland marries Malcolm III of Scotland..
 * 1065: Edward the Peacemaker is succeeded by his son Edgar the Æþeling (Æthelin) after his death.
 * 1066: William, Duke of Normandy (the Conqueror) attempts the First Norman Invasion of England. At Hastings, Edgar defeats William and sends him back across the Channel.
 * 1071: Edgar dies without children. His nephew, Edgar of Scotland attempts to press his claim to the throne, but William of Normandy begins the Second Norman Invasion and defeats and kills Edgar. William is proclaimed King of England.
 * 1087: William dies and is succeeded by his second son Richard in England and his eldest son Robert in Normandy.
 * 1090: Robert, with the help of his younger brothers William Rufus and Henry Beauclerc.
 * 1096: The First Crusade is launched. Among its leaders are Godfrey of Bouillon and Robert I. Robert dies during the Siege of Antioch. The English end up separating from the rest of the Crusaders. Antioch is abandoned and the army collapses soon after.
 * 1096: William Clito returns from the Crusade and is coronated as William II of England (III of Normandy).

1100s

 * 1107: William II invades Wales and is killed. The English leave Wales and William Rufus becomes King.
 * 1114: William III dies. His nephew William Adelin succeeds him as William IV.
 * 1151 - 1155: The Second Crusade is launched. Throughout the Crusade, the Muslims are expelled from Lisbon and are reduced to southern Iberia. In the Middle East, the Crusaders re-establish the County of Edessa (the only Crusader state of the First Crusade). They also establish the Principality of Antioch and the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
 * 1153: Robert, son of William IV, dies in the Battle of Jerusalem.
 * 1157: The Pope gives the King William IV of England overlordship of Ireland.
 * 1159: William IV dies and is succeeded by his nephew Henry I.
 * 1160s: Henry I of England expands his territories on the continent and Ireland.
 * 1171: Salah ad-Din creates the Ayyubid dynasty in Egypt.
 * 1189 - 1194: As a result of the Muslim attacks on the Crusader states, the Third Crusade is launched. Henry II of England and Philip II of France unite to fight, as well as Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa. Under Barbarossa's leadership, the Crusaders recapture Jerusalem from the Muslims. King Henry, however, dies during the attempt to retake Antioch. He is succeeded by his brother Arthur. Barbarossa later died during the Siege of Acre, resulting in Arthur taking control of the Crusader army. The King of France refused to cooperate with him, and the French slowly left for home. Arthur led the remaining English and German forces in an assault on Jerusalem. After they retook Jerusalem, the newly arrived Leopold V of Austria backed Conrad of Montferrat for the title of King. However, Arthur supported the former King Guy. Eventually, Guy became king, with Conrad to inherit upon his death. This arrangement later became irrelevant, when a Muslim army led by Saladin's brother Al-Adil took Jerusalem back, resulting in the death of Conrad. As the Crusaders retreated, they were pursued by Saladin, who took Arthur capture. In the end, the Crusaders maintained control of Antioch and Edessa, as well as the newly created County of Tripoli. Arthur's sister Joan was married to Al-Adil as part of the negotiations. Upon his release, however, Duke Leopold had him arrested because he suspected him of causing Conrad's death during the retreat from Jerusalem. Both sides claimed victory, despite also having faced heavy casualties and other great losses. The Kingdom of Cyprus was established, and the Kingdom of Jerusalem continued to exist, despite not controlling the actual city.

13th century

 * 1202 - 1206: Arthur the Lionheart invades Wales, intiating the Welsh Wars. He conquers several more Welsh territories that his predecessors had not before Gwynedd, led by Llywelyn ap Iorwerth the Great, threw him back and took back large swaths of land from him. In 1206, Richard met Llywelyn at Caernarfon, killing him and solidying English control over Wales. He invested his son Edmund with the title Duke of Wales, a title that would become that of the heir apparent.
 * 1211: King Arthur I of England dies and is succeeded by his eldest son Edmund.