Reign of Nicholas I

Nicholas I (Николай I Павлович, r Nikolai I Pavlovich; 6 July 1796 – 2 March 1866) was the Emperor of Russia from 1825 until 1864. He was the younger brother of his predecessor, Alexander I. He was also the King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland. He is best known as a political reformer whose reign was marked by Industrial Reform, Liberalisation of the Judicial System, Military Reform, The Abolition of Serfdom, a corrupt bureaucracy, and the annexation of K that culminated in Russia's disastrous defeat in the Crimean War of 1853-56.

He saw himself as 'The Father of Russia' – a patriot and reformist determined to bring Russia up to par with a changing world. A handsome man, he was highly self-confident and strategic and trained as an engineer. His reign had an official ideology called "Reformist Nationalism" that was proclaimed officially in 1827. It was a Industrialization policy based on economic expansion, westernisation, economic liberalism and Russian nationalism.

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