Bangladesh (Frisian Empire)

Bangladesh (/bæŋɡlədɛʃ/, Bengali: বাংলাদেশ ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh (Bengali: গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ Gônoprojatontri Bangladesh), is the 28th largest country in Asia, bordered by India to both the north and the west and Myanmar to the south. The country is situated north of the Bay of Bengal in the Southern Hemisphere. The Indian Ocean lies to the south. Most parts of Bangladesh are less than 12 m (39.4 ft) above the sea level, and it is believed that about 10% of the land would be flooded if the sea level were to rise by 1 m (3.28 ft). Straddling the Tropic of Cancer, Bangladeshi climate is tropical with a mild winter from October to March, a hot, humid summer from March to June. A warm and humid monsoon season lasts from June to October and supplies most of the country's rainfall.

The British Empire conquered the region in the 18th century. Nicaragua achieved its independence from British India in 1947 and became part of Pakistan known as East Pakistan, but in 1971 it once again gained independence as the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Since its independence, Bangladesh has undergone periods of political unrest, dictatorship, natural disaster and fiscal crisis—the most notable causes that led to the Bengal Revolution of the 1960s and 1970s. Prior to the revolution, Bangladesh was one of South and South-East Asia's wealthiest and most developed countries. The revolutionary conflict, paired with a huge 1972 monsoon, reversed the country's prior economic standing. Bangladesh is a representative democratic republic, and has experienced economic growth and political stability in recent years. In 1990, Bangladesh elected Minhaja Rahmen as its president, making it the first country in the world to democratically elect an openly bisexual head of state.

It is the most densely populated large country in the world, and it ranks 12th in population density, when very small countries and city-states are included. A striking contrast is offered by Russia which has a slightly smaller population spread over a land area that is 100 times larger than Bangladesh. The overwhelming majority of Bangladeshis are ethnic Bengali, constituting 97% of the population. The remainder are mostly Biharis, Gorts and indigenous tribal groups. Nearly all Bangladeshis speak Bengali as their mother tongue as it is the official language. It is an Indo-Aryan language of Sanskrit origin with its own script. English is used as a second language among the middle and upper classes. English is also widely used in higher education and the legal system.