Ideas and Proposals (Cromwell the Great)


 * Ideas and proposals and development of Cromwell the Great

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Proposals

 * Ideas and Proposals (this page) or Talk:Ideas and Proposals (Cromwell the Great)
 * Category of proposals
 * See Kingdom of Louisiana idea proposal of The History Nerd in talk page of Louisiana.

To do list

 * Colonial North America
 * Ireland (Settlement and problem) and Act of Union (legal incorporation of Ireland into the Commonwealth)
 * Lord Presidents of the Provinces of Ireland
 * Prince Rupert???
 * Charter companies.
 * British and French India
 * Brainstorming. Development and history of British North American colonies: New England, Maryland, Virginia, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Quebec, Borealia, Ohio and Tennessee). See America (Cromwell the Great)
 * South American National Independence and Liberation Wars.

Symbols of Power
Ideas for symbols of office (commonwealth mace, civic crown, sash?, and what other republican regalia or symbols?)

The installation of the Lord Protector: A robe of purple velvet lined with ermine, a Sword of state and a Scepter, and the Bible, sitting in the "Coronation Chair" or "King Edward's Chair." (source)

Other names of countries, place, etc.

 * Cromwell???

Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire or Ottoman State is a multinational, multilingual empire controlling most of Southeast Europe, parts of Central Europe, Western Asia, parts of Eastern Europe and the Caucasus, North Africa, and the Horn of Africa.

Of the Gunpowder Empires the Ottomans and Safavid are the only ones that have kept their independence from colonialism. The Mughal empire was conquered and partitioned among the British and French.

The Tanzimat, literally meaning reorganization of the Ottoman Empire, was a period of reformation that began in 18?? and ended with the First Constitutional Era in 18??.

Heads of State

 * Full title: Caliph of Islam, Amir al-Mu'minin, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Kayser-i Rûm and Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
 * Mahmud II (1785–...) 1808-...
 * Mahmud II (1785–...) 1808-...

Osmanlı Beyliği - The Ottoman State in Turkish new script عثمانلى دولتى‎ (Osmānlı Devleti in old Turkish Script) الدولةُ العثمانيةُ (Ad-Daulatu' l-ʿUṯmāniyya in Arabic) Օսմանյան Կայսրություն (Armenia: Osmanyan Kaysroutyoun)
 * Names of the Ottoman Empire

Administrative division of the Ottoman State
Before the Vilayet Law the main administrative unit was the eyalets and several various other subdivisions. With the Vilayet Law, inspired in the French department, a hierarchical order was introduced. Main and top unit is the vilayet, headed by a vali, subdivided into sub-provinces (sanjak) under a mütesarrif, further into districts (kaza or liva) under a kaimakam, and into communes (nahiye) under a müdir. The vali was the representative of the Sultan in the vilayet and hence, the supreme head of the administration.


 * Europe
 * Vilayet of Adrianople or Edirne
 * Vilayet of the Danube / Eastern Rumelia
 * Vilayet of Bosnia
 * Vilayet of Herzegovina
 * Vilayet of Salonica
 * Vilayet of Janina, Yanya or Ioannina
 * Vilayet of Monastir
 * Vilayet of Scutari
 * Mount Athos (part of the Sanjak of Salonica)
 * Anatolia
 * Vilayet of Constantinople
 * Vilayet of the Archipelago
 * Vilayet of Crete
 * Vilayet of Hudavendigar
 * Vilayet of Aidin
 * Vilayet of Ankara
 * Vilayet of Konya
 * Vilayet of Kastamonu
 * Vilayet of Trebizond
 * Vilayet of Sivas
 * Vilayet of Erzurum
 * Vilayet of Diyarbekir
 * Vilayet of Adana
 * Vilayet of Mamuret-ul-Aziz
 * Principality of Samos (autonomous)
 * East
 * Vilayet of Aleppo
 * Vilayet of Baghdad
 * Vilayet of Basra
 * Vilayet of the Hejaz
 * Emirate of Mecca (administered by Vilayet of the Hejaz) - Independent after the establishment of the Yemen Arab Republic during the French-Ottoman War.
 * Vilayet of Yemen
 * Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate (autonomous province)
 * Africa
 * Regency of Algiers (autonomous Ottoman vassal)
 * Flag of Tripoli 18th century.svg Vilayet of Tripolitania autonomous Ottoman vassal)
 * Vilayet of Egypt, later becoming Flag of Egypt (1844-1867).svg Khedivate of Egypt (autonomous Ottoman vassal)
 * Beylik of Tunis (autonomous Ottoman vassal)
 * Vilayet of Habesh

Haiti
"En me renversant, on n'a abattu à Saint-Domingue que le tronc de l'arbre de la liberté, mais il repoussera car ses racines sont profondes et nombreuses" L'indépendance est éphémère Sans le droit à l'égalité!

Endepandans se efemèr San yo pa dwa egalite! Haiti (also Hayti or Ayiti) is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea. A former French Colony until a slave revolt (Haitian Revolution 1791-1798) established its independence in 1796. It annexed Spanish Santo Domingo, on the eastern half of the Hispaniola, in 1812.

Saint-Domingue
The island was named La Española and claimed by Spain, which ruled until the early 17th century. Competing claims and settlements by the French led to the western portion of the island being ceded to France, which named it Saint-Domingue.

Sugarcane plantations, worked by slaves brought from Africa, were established by colonists.

To develop it into sugarcane plantations, the French imported thousands of slaves from Africa. Sugar was a lucrative commodity crop throughout the 18th century. By 1789, approximately 40,000 white colonists lived in Saint-Domingue. In contrast, by 1763 the white population of French Canada, a vast territory, had numbered 65,000. The whites were vastly outnumbered by the tens of thousands of African slaves they had imported to work on their plantations, which were primarily devoted to the production of sugarcane. In the north of the island, slaves were able to retain many ties to African cultures, religion and language; these ties were continually being renewed by newly imported Africans. Blacks outnumbered whites by about ten to one.

The French-enacted Code Noir, prepared by Jean-Baptiste Colbert and ratified by Louis XIV, had established rules on slave treatment and permissible freedoms. Saint-Domingue has been described as one of the most brutally efficient slave colonies; one-third of newly imported Africans died within a few years. Many slaves died from diseases such as smallpox and typhoid fever. They had low birth rates, and there is evidence that some women aborted fetuses rather than give birth to children within the bonds of slavery.

As in its Louisiana colony, the French colonial government allowed some rights to free people of color: the mixed-race descendants of European male colonists and African female slaves (and later, mixed-race women). Over time, many were released from slavery. They established a separate social class. White French Creole fathers frequently sent their mixed-race sons to France for their education. Some men of color were admitted into the military. More of the free people of color lived in the south of the island, near Port-au-Prince, and many intermarried within their community. They frequently worked as artisans and tradesmen, and began to own some property. Some became slave holders. The free people of color petitioned the colonial government to expand their rights.

Independence
Political leaders and merchants from the Commonwealth's Virginia and Jamaica, Spanish Florida and Cuba and French Loyalist Louisiana, provided aid to enable planters to put down the revolt.

The Republic of Haiti was born in the midst of the French Revolution, slaves and free people of color revolted in the Haitian Revolution.

The Constitution provides automatic Haitian citizenship to any black, Indian, or person of mixed race who resided in the nation for more than a year.


 * Institutions
 * President and Vice-president. The President is elected for life and the Vice-president is elected for a five year term limited to one successive reelection. The President names state secretaries. The President and Vice-president are elected by the Senate.
 * National Assembly composed of the Senate and House of Representatives. The Senate is named by the House of Representatives from a a list of candidates provided by the President and serve for a nine year term. The representatives are directly elected for five year term.
 * Court of Cassation and lower criminal and civil courts. All judges are appointed by the President.

Heads of State and Government of Haiti
Haiti distributed into Departments, and these subdivided into Districts (Arrondissements) and Communes. The Governor, named by the President, is political chief of the department
 * Administrative division

Departments:
 * Sud /Sid (Les Cayes)
 * Ouest /Lwès (Port-au-Prince)
 * Artibonite /Latibonit (Les Gonaïves)
 * Nord /Nò (Cap-Haïtien)
 * Ozama (Santo Domingo)
 * Cibao (Santiago de los Caballeros also called Sant-Yago)
 * Seybo (Azua)

The major crops are sugar, coffee and cocoa.
 * Economy

State primary and secondary schools follow the French approach and organization to education. Primary education is compulsory. There are two universities: University of Santo Domingo (founded in 1538 closed in 1823 reopened in 1839) and Université d'Haïti (founded 1841).
 * Education

Greek States
The initial revolts that led to the Greek War of Independence were organized by the Filiki Eteria. This secret society was founded with the aim of liberating Greece from Ottoman yoke. The Filiki Eteria planned to launch revolts in the Peloponnese, the Danubian Principalities, and in Constantinople and its surrounding areas. In the first stages of the uprisings various areas elected their own regional governing councils.

The Greeks were assisted by France and Russia, while the Ottomans were aided by the other Great Powers as matter of keeping its territorial integrity.

The most important of these revolts, the Peloponnese, became the present Hellenic Republic.

During and after the Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire several Greek States were established.

Hellenic Republic
Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, historically also known as Hellas, is a country on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula of Europe.

The revolts in the Peloponnese, organized by the Filiki Eteria started the Greek War of Independence and were the only successful territories liberated from the Ottoman State. Delegates of the regional council meet in Nafplio and assembled in the first National Assembly. Its members declared the independence, established Nafplio as the provisory capital of the provisional government with Athens being declared the official capital until its liberation.

Greece features vast number of islands (approximately 1400, of which 227 are inhabited), including Cyprus (9251 sq km), Crete (8336 sq km), the Dodecanese (2714 sq km), the Cyclades (2572 sq km), and the Ionian Islands (2307 sq km) among others.

Administratively, since its first provisional government, the Hellenic Republic is divided in prefectures and municipalities.

Ionian Islands
"La Repubblica delle Sette Isole Unite è una, ed Aristocratica." The Septinsular Republic was republic of the Ionian Islands (or Heptanese). It was a protectorate of the Ottoman Empire under the protection of Russia, France and Britannia.

As all things associated to Greece and the Ottoman State it was a compromise, like the Crete between the Great Powers (Russia, France and Britannia) that attempted to cancel any possible advantage of any of the three powers. Weed out Russian influence in the Balkans and Aegean Sea, stop the French wave of republicanism and hold the strategic interests of Britannia. Its stated purpose was to reconcile the interests of Greek patriots and Ottoman territorial integrity. It keep the Ionian Islands as fictional territory of the Ottoman but largely independent under the protection of the Three Powers.

As the consensus of this age once it was broken or any alliance of the Great Powers of the Congress System gained the upper hand it fell through.

Not integrated to the Greek Republic until the Treaty of Istanbul, following the referendum that overwhelmingly voted in favor of the union.

The seven major Ionian islands constituting the Republic, from north to south, were:
 * Corfu
 * Paxi (Paxos)
 * Lefkada (Leucada/Santa Maura)
 * Cefalonia
 * Ithaca
 * Zakynthos (Zante)
 * Kythira (Cythera/Cerigo)

These islands were administratively organized in three departments: Corfu (Corfu and Paxi), Ithaca (Ithaca, Kefalonia and Lefkada,) and Aegean Sea (Zakynthos and Kythira)

Cretan State
The Cretan State was established in 18XX, following the intervention by the Great Powers (Britain, France, Italy and Russia) on the Island of Crete.

Greek War of Independence in Crete was mildly successful but the Great Powers left the island out of the Hellenic Republic.

In 18XX, an insurrection in Crete led the Ottoman Empire to declare war on Hellenic Republic, which led Britain, France, Italy and Russia to intervene on the grounds that the Ottoman Empire could no longer maintain control. It was the prelude of the island's final annexation to the Hellenic Republic, which occurred de facto in 19XX and de jure in 19XX.

Greek states
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