User:NuclearVacuum/Sandbox/Russian America

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Unorganized Chaos
The following will include ideas I have for Alaska that will be worked on in the future.


 * Automotive




 * Alaskan road signs would follow the standards. Unlike in Russia, Alaskan  would display the word «стой» (stoy), which can mean "stop" in Russian.


 * , the automotive industry of Alaska "failed" to develop domestic companies. Instead, foreign companies were allowed to establish factories to employ and supply Alaskans. Car brands from Japan, Russia/USSR, and the United States currently dominate Alaskan roads. It's also likely that Yugoslav cars (i.e., the ) would be very popular in Alaska.


 * Cuisine


 * would be the "national condiment" of Alaska. This seems like a "ideal outcome" of (favorite condiment of Americans) and  (favorite condiment of Russians). Given the sauce's [possible] origins in, it shouldn't be far-fetched to manipulate the origins over to Alaska (ATL).


 * would become a capitalized and mass produced beverage within Alaska. Many different brands would exist. Though American soft drinks also be popular, consumption of kvass would be greater and universal among all age groups. Kvass may have also spread into neighboring counties in the Americas.
 * Because kvass is a fermented, slightly alcoholic beverage, I could see Borealia and the United States attempting to (or continuing to) prohibit the consumption of this drink by minors.


 * Culture


 *  &mdash; Большенога (Bolshenoga, lit. "Bigfoot")


 * Though I initially opposed this, I'm now somewhat interested in having Alaska retain the (instead of adopting the Metric System). Since Alaska would oppose the USSR and would be closer to the USA, I can see this being a 50/50 situation. (See "Metrication in Alaska:0:0").
 * If Alaska retains the old units, I could potentially see the post-Soviet republics (especially Russia) move to partially reinstate the old measurements (at least at the de facto level). Somewhat comparable to what Canada and the UK currently do.
 * Версты в час (Versty v chas) (в/ч) &mdash;
 * Квадратная верста (Kvadratnaya versta) (кв. в.) &mdash;
 * Despite having been phased out of Russia by the 1830s, it might be interesting to see Alaska retain the to this day. Maybe the scale remained in use colloquially.
 * Делиль (nominative); Делиля (genitive)


 * Law


 * Alaskan law would be a mix of (based on American and British laws) and  (based on Russian law). Though this system can be attributed to Alaska's relations with the UK and the USA, in reality it would have more to do with Russian law and how it has  over the centuries.


 * Alaskan law would allow for the wider use of s (named after the mother) when s (named after the father) are inappropriate or undesired. This would especially be the case for the children of.
 * Example &mdash; Наталья (Natalya)
 * Натальевич (Natalyevich, "Son of Natalya")
 * Натальевна (Natalyevna, "Daughter of Natalya")


 * The Supreme Court of Alaska (Верховный суд Аляски, Verkhovny sud Alyaski) would be modeled after . Justices would serve a life-term, would be nominated by the President, and confirmed by the Senate. The "SCOTADFR" would have no less than nine justices, though it could always be comprised of more than SCOTUS (9 to 15). I personally like 11 (nine number).
 * may be a Justice of the "SCOTADFR."


 * Religion


 * An church would likely be established within Alaska. This would come about due to its independence and fears of communist influence from the . The  (OTL) would form the basis for an "Alaskan Orthodox Church."


 * It might be possible for an Alaskan church to incorporate non-Russian practices and traditions as a way to show solidarity with the non-Russian Orthodox Christians of Alaska (e.g., ). Such a move may persuade the Greek-oriented churches to support Alaska's autocephaly (where they currently oppose the OCA OTL).


 * Similar to Greece, the Alaskan Church may opt to adopt the . would likely exist as a consequence of this.


 * Another holdover from Greek and Imperial Russia would be Alaska's differing celebration of (compared to the Western World). The period between December 25 to January 6 will be regarded as a twelve-day holiday.
 * December 25 (Christmas) will not be celebrated the same as in the United States. This day is mostly to observe the birth of . No Santa... just yet.
 * January 1 (New Year's Day) will be the day that a jolly fat and bearded man travels around the world and delivers presents to good children. This day is in sync with the secular Soviet holiday of New Year's Day (Новый год, Novy god) and the Greek holiday (also celebrated on January 1). In both the USSR and Greece, this is the day that children are visited by a gift bringer.
 * Similar to the United States, the Alaskan gift giving figure would blend the traditions of several differing traditions. The Russian would be the most prominent, though it would also include the Greek  (which may become an alias of Alaska's Ded Moroz) and also the American . The  (the granddaughter of Ded Moroz) would accompany him in giving gifts. There may also include American and Germanic features such as elves/trolls making the gifts, a slay of flying reindeer, and possibly a "Mrs. Clause" (?).
 * Similar to Russia (today), there would likely exist a rift between Ded Moroz and the Americanized Santa Claus. Unlike Russia, I don't see this rift being as negatively charged in Alaska. One idea I have in mind could be an alliance between Ded Moroz and Santa Clause and agreeing to divide the world to assure good children are rewarded.


 * Technology


 * With and  being Alaskans,  would likely become an Alaskan company. Because of this, computer production may become one of Alaska's major industries.
 * Apple &mdash; Яблоко (Yabloko, lit. "Apple").


 * Television


 * (Alaskan) would not develop '. Instead, Groening is compelled to expand upon his ' series. It would be this series which becomes a television series and (potentially) the "national cartoon" of Alaska.
 * Life in Hell &mdash; Жизнь в аду (Zhizn v adu)


 * Depending on whether would be an Alaskan, than  would likely be an Alaskan-based animation company.
 * &mdash; Соленин/Соленина (Solenin/Solenina, lit. "Pickles")


 * War


 * If not butterflied out of existence, Alaska may be one of the biggest (if not the biggest) accepters of . This may be a result of sympathy from Alaskans, many of whom are the decedents of White Emigres from Russia.

Potential Alaskans


The following will be a list of of [predominantly] and  nationals whom I believe could qualify as being Alaskans within the Russian America timeline. I will be adding these people based strictly on their ancestry and not on their location of birth.

I've made a fun map showing how my [personal] criteria works. For those individuals whose ancestry can be traced back to the darkest colored nations, than they are very likely to be Alaskans here. This likelihood is dropped when dealing with the lighter colors. So based on this, all Russian CanAmericnas would very likely be Alaskans (obviously), while English CanAmericans would be less likely.

It should be noted that this criteria is NOT a perfect science and that I don't canonize individuals automatically. I take the time to research the ancestry of each person before I conclude their placement for this timeline.


 * Likely Alaskans




 * (Croatian)
 * (maybe)
 * (maybe)
 * (possibly)
 * (1992 candidate)
 * (German immigrants to the Gold Rush)
 * (Kaminsky)
 * (Armenian father)
 * (potentially)
 * (Vuytsitsky)
 * (Vladimir John Ondrasik)
 * (potentially)
 * (Anglo-Russian?)
 * (interesting)
 * (Macedonian)
 * and
 * (Kaminsky)
 * (Armenian father)
 * (potentially)
 * (Vuytsitsky)
 * (Vladimir John Ondrasik)
 * (potentially)
 * (Anglo-Russian?)
 * (interesting)
 * (Macedonian)
 * and
 * (Vuytsitsky)
 * (Vladimir John Ondrasik)
 * (potentially)
 * (Anglo-Russian?)
 * (interesting)
 * (Macedonian)
 * and
 * (interesting)
 * (Macedonian)
 * and
 * (interesting)
 * (Macedonian)
 * and
 * and
 * and
 * and


 * Suspected Alaskans (Need More Data)


 * (maybe not)
 * (German American father and Korean mother)
 * (I'm trademarking their alternate realities XP)
 * (possibly)
 * (maybe not)
 * (German American father and Korean mother)
 * (I'm trademarking their alternate realities XP)
 * (possibly)


 * Non-Alaskans of Possible Interest


 * (Mexican?)

Alaskan and Russian Antarctica



 * The Russian Empire opts to formally claim territory on Antarctica. This is due to the Russian Empire's larger global presence throughout the 19th Century.


 * Russia would formally make their claim shortly after the Russo-Japanese War, yet prior to the British formalizing their claims. This would not stop the British (or Argentinians and Chileans for that matter), but this would give Russia more prestige internationally (potentially making their claims stronger).


 * The Russian Empire may go all out and claim the entire continent. Bellingshausen was the first to spot the continent, giving the Russians more president to have a large claim. Since the UK was also considering this same strategy and (to some degree) doing this in OTL, there would exist president for Russia to do the same.


 * It may also be possible for Russia to claim the . Excluding South Georgia, about half of the SSIs were discovered, mapped, and named by Russian explorers. As with before, this would not stop the British [et al.] from making a counterclaim. Meaning these islands would continue to be disputed.


 * Following the collapse of the Russian Empire, its territorial claims are taken over by both Alaska and the Soviet Union. Since both would claim to be the rightful successor to the Russian Empire's Antarctic claims, we will see a situation where two countries claim the exact same territory.


 * Links


 * File:All Antarctic Claims past and present.PNG
 * Expeditions map
 * Antarctica should have been made part of Russia (Pravda)

Neft i Gaz



 * Prior to the 1960s, the oil and gas markets within Alaska were dominated by American companies. This changed following the election of Vasily Kardash:0:0, who moved to nationalize the Alaskan oil market and to prevent monopolization by the US.


 * A state-run "Alaskan Oil and Gas Company" (Аляскинская Нефть и Газ) was established during this time. The company has now been privatized and goes by the name "Neft i Gaz" (lit. "Oil and Gas"). Many English-speakers have corrupted the name as "Nifty Gas," which is now commonly used in English-speaking Alaska, Borealia, and the United States.


 * Unique to Alaska, federal law requires all gas stations to be full-service (a la and ). This means that gas is slightly more expensive in Alaska, yet this allows for more jobs as attendants will check and fill-up cars. Some governorates may have eliminated the need for tips, which are instead included within the attendant's paycheck.

Russian-American Company

 * Following the Russo-Spanish War, the Russian Empire will gradually take over the governmental duties of the Russian-American Company. The company would continue to hold a monopoly on the fur-trade within Russian America.


 * The RAC is partially dissolved following the Russian Revolution. RAC general stores and duties are gradually taken over by regional branches of the RAC. These regional branches later merge into a reformed RAC following Alaskan reunification.


 * What Would the RAC Be?


 * The RAC will be a chain of s which are divided into sections for various goods. These stores would be comparable to.


 * These stores would include groceries, retail, and other general goods.


 * The hypermarket-model came about during the 1920s as a larger version of the general stores of the Imperial RAC. These larger stores were built to give Alaskans more security during the Alaskan Wars and during the Great Depression.


 * WIP


 * With more land access (including formerly HBC lands), the RAC would've done much better than OTL.


 * Along with fur trading, the RAC may have possibly expanded into other fields. Possibilities would include the many gold rushes and constructing the railroads.


 * It would be likely that the RAC (for all intense and purposes) would've been "discouraged" in the Alaskan Socialist Republic:0:0 and the Republic of New Albion:Commonwealth of Columbia:0. The ASR would favor eliminating anything capitalist and imperialist, while Columbia would've wished for de-Russification.


 * The RAC may have taken some part in the infamous "." I'd also suspect that they would've taken some part in transporting alcohol into the United States during.


 * While this company would be international, the primary users of their services (aside from Alaska) would be: Western Borealia:0:0, Northern Mexico:0:0, the Russia:0:0n Far East, and the Northwestern United States:0:0.


 * The company is now simply referred to as the RAC (: РАК, RAK). Either as intentionally or as a joke, many English-speaking Alaskans simply refer to the company as the PAK.


 * The logo of the RAC would be white, blue, and red; and comparable to the old flag of the RAC.

Postal Services

 * External links: Why Can't You Start a Rival Post Office? and Competition in Mail Delivery


 * Either from internal pressure or for the sheer love of, Alaska would adopt a ing system which has never been attempted OTL.


 * Alaska (either initially or over time) would not monopolize their mail and instead would allow for dozens of companies (both private and public) to handle mail services (locally and nationally).


 * How Would This Work?


 * All businesses and households will still be assigned an address in the same manner as other nations. The key difference will be that the residence will be able to choose their mail provider (provided they operate in that region).


 * The Alaskan government will assign and regulate . Instead of being assigned a single code, a region may have several, overlapping codes (something akin to the for s).


 * Each code will represent one of the many mail providers within the assigned region. This assures that all mail reaches its desired region and (company specific).


 * Rather than having a single, company-specific boxes will be provided for a region.


 * To help the couriers identify their customers, residential es may be required to display their chosen mail carrier (possibly in the form of a company sticker).


 * Company-specific s will be sold (with competing prices to secure business).


 * Any improperly addressed or marked parcels (including the "common" accident of sending mail to the wrong company) are left to the couriers discretion. The two commonly employed practices are returning them to their sender or kindly redirecting them to the correct provider (possibly with a minor fee). In said situations, no company is allowed to either destroy or keep any parcels.


 * Excluding prepaid stamp (which is what all nations do), Alaskans would be required to pay for daily door-to-door mail delivery. Though competition has kept these costs considerably lower than other utilities (e.g., electricity and water), these postal companies have also lower costs by delivering advertisements to their customers (a service which can be removed for an additional fee).


 * Because numerous private companies deliver mail, tampering with mailboxes or stealing mail is not regarded as a federal crime in Alaska (rather being against the homeowner or the company involved).


 * Company Ideas




 * Alyapochta (short for the Alaskan Post) &mdash; This will be the government-controlled company (on par with the ). This company is mostly paid through taxes, meaning basic services are much cheaper (if not free). This company is also the preferred/required courier for all government-related mail (at least for federal agencies).


 * "Musher" &mdash; This company is prevalent in the north. It originated from the dog sled era of Alaska, and would play on these founding. Its symbol would be a husky (probably similar looking to the logo of the USPS). See also: .
 * Doggy Express (Собачий Экспресс or Собачий Курьер) &mdash; Similar in name to the.


 *  (UPS) &mdash; This company was founded in (OTL). Though it would not be the same company, I find it interesting to see an alternate-version of the UPS being established in Alaska.
 * American Messenger Company (Американская Посыльная Компания)
 * Merchants Parcel Delivery (Торговый Посыльная Доставка)
 * United Parcel Service (Объединённая Посыльная Служба) &mdash; OPS
 * Literal translation = "United Messenger Service"


 * Yellow Boy (Жёлтый Мальчик or Жёлтый Доставщик) &mdash; This company would only exist in some southern governorates. The origin of this name could've derived from the use of cheap Chinese labor to deliver mail (a -esque situation).
 * Yellow Bike (Жёлтый Велик) &mdash; An alternative.


 * Hermes (Гермес) &mdash; Named after the . Possibly founded by a Greek immigrant.
 * Slogan = Посланник богов (Messenger of the Gods)

Airlines

 * Gorizont:Gorizont – Alaskan Airlines:0 (Горизонт – Аляскинские авиалинии, Gorizont - Alyaskinskiye avialinii)
 * (OTL)
 * (OTL)
 * 

Russo-Japanese War and State Duma

 * The is able to defeat the . This is due to more Russian ports in the Pacific Ocean that are able to continually attack Japan to the point that they could no longer fight.


 * Despite their victory, a occurs across the Russian Empire. This is especially true in Russian America, who suffered the most from the war against Japan.


 * The rebellions are stopped across Eurasia, but the Russians are unable to gain complete control in North America. To prevent the loss of the territory, the Russian Empire agrees to give Russian America autonomy and a democratic parliament (the State Duma).


 * Despite the hopes of a Commonwealth-like situation happening in Alaska, reserved final say and the right to dissolve the parliament. This allowed the Russian Empire to keep de facto control over the territory. This situation is comparable to OTL's State Duma.


 * Notes


 * Because the fails in Eurasia, the  of the Russian Empire is never established. Because of this, the  is butterflied out of existence. Instead, the  (or possibly earlier) marks the beginning of the Russian Revolution.


 * would be a member of the State Duma and an active voice in favor of Alaskan sovereignty. He may be exiled due to his socialist leanings (as in OTL).


 * Those who were in favor of Alaskan sovereignty were collectively referred to as Amerikaniki (Американики, lit. "Americanists"). The movement was divided between those who favored a Commonwealth-like status for Alaska and those which favored completely independence.


 * Those that favored remaining in the Russian Empire were known as Sootechestvenniki (Соотечественник, lit. "Compatriots"). They believed Russian America was no different than Siberia and that the Russian Empire should remain a single nation.

Revolution and Civil War

 * As with the rest of the Russian Empire, the majority of those in Russian America were quickly loosing support for . This would become more pronounced following the decision to recruit more Russian Americans to fight and die in Europe.


 * By March 1917, the two factions of the State Duma agree to unilaterally declare their independence as the Alaskan Republic. The Russian Empire refuses to recognize the independence of Alaska, but is unable to recapture the territory due to the situation in Europe. Following the months later,  recognizes Alaska's independence.


 * Without a "common foe" to be angry at, the varying factions of the Alaskan State Duma begin to despise one another and bicker over the nation's future.


 * By early 1918, the predominantly liberal governorates of southern Alaska grew weary of the government in New Archangel (which continued to be controlled by the pro-Empire factions). After months of no change, the southern governorates proclaimed their secession as the Oregonian Republic. New Archangel refuses to accept this declaration, yet fails to recapture the territories.


 * During the same time, the Russo-dominated government in Columbia is overthrown by the Anglo majority. Rather than continuing to cooperate with either Alaska or Oregon, they opt to declare their independence as the Anglo-dominated Commonwealth of Columbia. The new nation quickly claims the Anglo-populated regions of and New Caledonia (the former remains Oregonian after they agree to recognize their independence).




 * By the early 1920s, all of Russian America became overwhelmed by waves of refugees fleeing the Russian Civil War. Angered by the economy because of immigration and years of war, many began to protest for change. With some of the protesters being backed by Communists, the Russian American states moved to suppress the protests and regain order.


 * Across Sonoma, the are able to achieve total control over the region. These soviets collectively agree to declare their independence as the Sonoman People's Republic.


 * The suppression of riots in New Archangel and Nikolayevsk soon turned into a bloody conflict. Communist sympathizers regroup in Nushagak and proclaim the establishment of the Alaskan Socialist Republic. The new Communist government quickly moves to capture New Archangel and beyond.


 * With the advance of Communism into North America, the New Archangel government unanimously appoints to the presidency and give him special powers to fight off Communism.


 * The New Archangel government is able to effectively fight off the Communist forces. After years of fighting, the and the  effectively act as the de facto boundaries between the competing governments.


 * Notes


 * Along with the and the, there would exist a third faction within North America. Known as the Blues (синегвардеецы, sinyegvardyeyetsy, lit. "Blue Guardsmen"), this faction was heavily influenced by the United States. Unlike the Reds or the Whites, the Blues were less idealistic and more centrist. They favored , , and . The Blues and the Whites would later ally themselves against communism, as well as both shaping the layout of Alaska today.


 * It should be noted that Sonoma was never a . Despite having a and -based government, Sonoma championed  and encourage public input. Effectively, Sonoma's government is more comparable to that of  during the early years of the Russian Revolution.


 * There initially was wide support for the establishment of a "Russian American Empire" in New Archangel, with (the Younger) becoming the new Tsar. This was ultimately scrapped as a means to appease those that favored Alaskan independence and republicanism. As a compromise, the Grand Duke was appointed to the presidency and given special powers.

Reunification and Conclusion

 * Following the death of in early 1929, the White-dominated government in New Archangel began to loose the support of the people (many of whom opposed the far-right policies of the government throughout the 1920s).




 * Seizing the opportunity, the Blue Guard captured New Archangel and quickly formed a new government based on democracy and liberalism. Among those in the new government was Mikhail Luchkovich:0:0 (the first president of the ADFR).


 * The new government began talks with Columbia, Oregon, and Sonoma on the reunification of Alaska. Killing two birds with one stone, the benefits of reunification included economic stability and security from Communism.


 * These talks were accelerated following and the beginning of the . Knowing the chaos from the past decade, it was believed the combined efforts of Russian Americans would benefit the nation.


 * The Alaskan Republic and Oregon establish a temporary confederation in late 1929. This is formalized into the Alaskan Democratic Federative Republic in 1931 with the ratification of the first constitution.


 * Columbia and Sonoma are admitted into the ADFR within a few years. While Sonoma was optimistic for the new nation, the Doug-controlled government of Columbia was initially hesitant of becoming part of a Russian-majority nation. The deciding factors for Columbia's admission were solely economical.


 * The governments of Mikhail Luchkovich and initially hoped to win over the Communists to join peacefully. These moves were opposed by common Alaskans, who viewed their government as sucking up to the Communists.


 * Following the in 1941, the Communist government in Nushagak quickly lost their lifeline and only ally. The instability of the Nushagak government quickly turned into border clashes with the ADFR. In order to save face, the Farley government declares war and invades the Alaskan Socialist Republic. The Communist forces are overwhelmed and the government opts to flee across the  to the USSR. The ASR is quickly occupied and annexed into the ADFR.


 * Notes


 * The territories of the [former] Alaskan Socialist Republic is subjected to treatment comparable to the during the . Vasily Kardash:0:0 &mdash; a former soldier of the [Alaskan] Red Army and future President of Alaska &mdash; would become the first post-Reconstruction Governor of Shelikof (the self proclaimed successor to the ASR).

Competing Governments during the Revolution

 * Alaskan Republic:0:0 (Аляскинская Республика) (1917-1929)


 * Oregon:Oregonian Republic:0 (Орегонская Республика) (1918-1929)


 * Commonwealth of Columbia:0:0 (Колумбийское Содружество) (1919-1933)


 * Sonoma:Sonoman People's Republic:0 (Сономинская Народская Республика) (1921-1935)


 * Alaskan Socialist Republic:0:0 (Аляскинская Социалистическая Республика) (1921-1942)

Dialects and Languages of Alaska


The will be the de facto language of Alaska:0:0, with the vast majority of Alaskans being native speakers. As is the case with and  (just to name a few), the vernacular of Alaskan Russian will (more or less) differ from the vernacular of Standard Russian.

The following sections will attempt to explain and organize said dialects.

Doukhobor and Ninilchik
To my amazement, there actually exists two dialects of Russian that are native to North America: and.


 * Doukhobor Russian &mdash; Spoken by the s (a religious group), this dialect was first influenced by the and the . Upon their move to, the dialect picked up many  and  characteristics.
 * English for Doukhobors


 * Ninilchik Russian &mdash; This dialect originates from the . Unlike Doukhobor, the Ninilchik dialect was a holdover from the original Russian settlers of Alaska. Excluding minor influences from English and several native languages, this dialect effectively developed in isolation and was natively spoken up until the mid 20th Century (as access to the town became easier).
 * The Linguistic Legacy of Russians in Alaska (PDF)
 * The Story of the Ninilchik Community (PowerPoint)
 * Ninilchik Russian lecture (Video)
 * The Ninilchik Variety of Russian: Linguistic Heritage of Alaska (PDF)
 * I Like Humpy Salmon, in Russian (Video)
 * Russian language in Alaska: Ninilchik Russian
 * У бывших русских на Аляске нет женщин, только бабы (Russian)
 * Alaskan Russian: A Special Result of Language Contact (PowerPoint)
 * Язык Африка Фульбе (Russian)

Aleut and Medny Aleut

 * Catherinian Creole?
 * Екатерининский креольский язык
 * ЕКЯ (abbreviation)
 * ЕКЯ (abbreviation)




 * 

http://library.alaska.gov/hist/hist_docs/docs/anlm/02057447.pdf


 * Governorate of Aleutia = Унáҥам Шлуҥ (Unangam ŝlung; lit. "Aleut District")


 * http://www.philology.ru/linguistics4/golovko-97a.htm

More Details for Ninilchik Russian

 * Notes


 * All instances of «В» will be pronounced as a  for all but the following cases.
 * At the end of words, the letter «В» will be pronounced as an.
 * When preceded by a voiceless consonant it will be pronounced as an.
 * Examples
 * Шелихов =
 * Шелиховская губерния =
 * Остров Ванкувер =


 * The pronunciation of the letter «Х» as an  would be seen as a trait of Europeans and Jews within Alaska.

Alaskan Vocabulary
{{legend|lightblue|Word Which is Used in Vocabulary}} {{legend|lightgreen|Word Which is Used in Vocabulary}}


 * Russo-Ukrainian usage "f" at the end of words
 * Russo-Ukrainian usage "f" at the end of words


 * Okanye (оканье) &mdash; The phenomenon where the unstressed vowels "a" and "o" are pronounced differently.
 * Okanye (оканье) &mdash; The phenomenon where the unstressed vowels "a" and "o" are pronounced differently.


 * Веканье (Vekanye) &mdash; a possible name for the pronunciation of "V" as "W".
 * Actually the name of placing a "V" at the beginning of some words.

Names of Alaska and New Archangel

 * Alaska


 * New Archangel


 * : New Archangel
 * : Nowo-Archangelsk
 * Traditional: 新阿爾漢格爾斯克 (xīnā'ěrhàngé'ěrsīkè)
 * Simplified: 新阿尔汉格尔斯克 (xīnā'ěrhàngé'ěrsīkè)
 * : Novo-Arkhangelsk
 * : Новоархангельск (Novoarkhangelsk)
 * : Nuevo Arcángel
 * : Nuevo Arcángel

Telephone Numbers
I've decided to have Alaska use the country calling code of +7. This number is also used by Russia and Kazakhstan, and was once used for the whole of the Soviet Union. A similar number system (+1) is used within Canada, the Caribbean, and the United States (making it easy for me to understand).

Alaska would adopt this number upon its establishment (I believe within the late 1940s). The decision to share a number with the (then) Soviet Union was primarily based on practicality, as the infrastructure of pre-Revolution Russia remained in use.

Alaska and the former Soviet Union are divided into hundreds of three-digit s. These numbers are based on geography, meaning nearby areas have similar numbers. The area codes beginning with 7, 8, and 9 are strictly reserved for Alaska (with 0-6 having been reserved for the USSR). This number plan may have been reorganized following the collapse of the USSR (much like OTL).

Currently all of the countries using this system (if not solely Alaska) have adopted a closed numbering plan (in which also telephone numbers are comprised of the same number of digits). Excluding the area code, all number are comprised of seven digits (xxx-xxxx).




 * http://telhistory.ru/en/telephone_history/razvitie-telefonnoy-svyazi-v-rossii/
 * http://telhistory.ru/en/telephone_history/razvitie-telefonnoy-svyazi-v-rossii/reform-telephone-numbering-/

Hockey in Russian America



 * The "national sport" of Alaska will be, which is often treated as if it were a religion (akin to elsewhere).


 * Prior to the 1970s, several competing leagues existed in Alaska (a holdover from the Alaskan Wars?). A single super-league then dominated the nation until being absorbed into the (KHL).


 * Several Alaskan teams first participated in the 2009-2010 season of the KHL, and have continuously done so since.


 * With Alaska being such a key figure, many more nations would quickly participate within the KHL (more so than OTL).


 * Currently, the KHL would be divided into six divisions (equally distributed within two conferences). This system was once used by the NHL, so it should be workable here.


 * Alaska would virtually be within its own division (given its likely team proportion). This division will be known as the "Gretzky Division" (named after the ).


 * (Glow Puck) is adopted by Alaska?


 * Member States (OTL)




 * Expanded Member States (ATL)


 * Alaska:0:0
 * (maybe)
 * Prussia:0:0
 * Hanover:0:0
 * (anti-Japan)
 * Manchuria:0:0
 * (too much?)
 * (anti-Japan)
 * Manchuria:0:0
 * (too much?)

Alaskan Teams



 * Furugelmsk Balto («Балто» Фуругельмск, "Balto" Furugyel'msk)


 * New Archangel Hero («Богатырь» Новоархангельск, "Bogatyr'" Novoarkhangyel'sk)


 * New Westminster Dougs («Даги» Нью-Уэстминстер, "Dagi" N'yu-Uestminstyer)


 * Nushagak Worker («Закатчик» Нушагак, "Zakatchik" Nushagak)


 * Ross Sea Otters («Морские Выдры» Росс, "Morskiye Vydry" Ross)


 * Willamette Convicts («Каторжанини» Вилламетт, "Katorzhanini" Villamyett)


 * Zavalishino Prospector («Золотоискатель» Завалашино, "Zolotoiskatyel'" Zavalashino)

A Different Russia



 * Point of Divergence


 * The Constitutional Crisis of 1993 concludes with the armed forces siding with and the Supreme Soviet.  is removed from office and Russia goes down a different path.


 * Yeltin's is either curbed or slowed down. The 1998 Economic crash is butterflied out of this timeline.


 * The new Russian government is more open to territorial expansion. Abkhazia, Belarus, South Ossetia, and Eastern Ukraine are eventually annexed.


 * Government and Politics


 * The Russian Federation will be a instead of a . This comes about due to the victory of the Supreme Soviet (legislature) during the Constitutional Crisis and the opposition of Yeltin's "abuse of power." The head of government will officially be known as the "" (or the "Prime Minister" in English sources).


 * The Presidency would become a (mostly) ceremonial role. The office would still be democratically elected (a la ). Alexander Rutskoy would serve as the President throughout the 1990s. I could also see him molding the office into an important part within the Russian government.


 * The Federal Assembly (legislature) would be comprised of the and the . The CPD is currently elected using  (a la ). The FC would be modeled after the US Senate and (more likely) the Alaskan Senate, with each republic having equal say.


 * Republics


 * With Boris Yeltsin being deposed, the "political inequalities" of Russia's federal subjects would continue beyond OTL. Because of this, the many movement to upgrade krais and oblasts into republics continue to gain ground.


 * When a new constitution is ratified, the Russian Federation is formally organized into a federation of equal and sovereign republics (comparable to US states and Alaskan governorates).


 * With the exception of the federal cities, all of Russia's federal subjects are reorganized into larger republics. All of these republics would be subdivided into their s, meaning all of the old federal subjects (krais and oblast) would cease to exist.


 * All of the republics would adopt their own constitutions and would elect their own governments. It would be likely that these republics would also adopt a parliamentary-form of government.


 * Ukraine


 * A breaks out during the 1990s. Russian troops go into Ukraine and cease the southernmost, pro-Russia regions.


 * The Russian Federation would annex the southernmost oblasts of Ukraine. The only variables would be the oblasts of and.
 * In all likelihood, these two would remain within a rump Ukrainian state due to international pressure. The main argument would be for Ukraine to continue to have a coastline.
 * If added to Russia, these two (along with the ) would comprise their own republic ("Chernomorye" and "Pridnestrovye" would be appropriate names).


 * Regardless of its border, the rump Ukrainian state would be politically closer to the Europe and the (potentially being a member of both or the latter).

List of Russian Republics



 * 1) Abkhazia:0:0 (Абхазия) &mdash;
 * 2) Altai:0:0 (Алтай) &mdash; ?
 * 3) Baikal:0:0 (Байкал) &mdash;
 * 4) Baltica:0:0 (Балтика) &mdash;
 * 5) Belarus:0:0 (Беларусь) &mdash;
 * 6) Burtas:0:0 (Буртас) &mdash;
 * 7) Chernozemye:0:0 (Чернозёмье) &mdash;
 * 8) Cossackia:0:0 (Казакия) &mdash; ?
 * 9) Crimea:0:0 (Крым) &mdash;
 * 10) Dagestan:0:0 (Дагестан) &mdash;
 * 11) Donets:0:0 (Донец) &mdash;
 * 12) Elbrus:0:0 (Эльбрус) &mdash;
 * 13) Idel-Ural:0:0 (Идель-Урал) &mdash;
 * 14) Kamchatka:0:0 (Камчатка) &mdash; ?
 * 15) Krivia:0:0 (Кривия) &mdash;
 * 16) Meshchera:0:0 (Мещёра) &mdash;
 * 17) Middle Ural:0:0 (Северный Урал) &mdash;
 * 18) Novgorod:0:0 (Новгород) &mdash;
 * 19) Novorossiya:0:0 (Новороссия) &mdash;
 * 20) Ossetia:0:0 (Оссетия) &mdash;
 * 21) Podmoskovye:0:0 (Подмосковье) &mdash;
 * 22) Pomorye:0:0 (Поморье) &mdash;
 * 23) Primorye:0:0 (Приморье) &mdash;
 * 24) Sakha:0:0 (Саха) &mdash;
 * 25) Sarai:0:0 (Сарай) &mdash;
 * 26) South Ural:0:0 (Южный Урал) &mdash;
 * 27) Tobol:0:0 (Тобол) &mdash;
 * 28) Vainakhia:0:0 (Вайнахия) &mdash;
 * 29) Vasyuganye:0:0 (Васюганье) &mdash;
 * 30) Yenisei:0:0 (Енисей) &mdash;
 * 31) Zalesye:0:0 (Залесье) &mdash;


 * Federal Cities



Alaskan Missile Crisis

 * The and an atmosphere of  would effect all of Alaska:0:0 during the 1950s. As a consequence, Alaskans favor closer ties with the United States:0:0 (including military assistance).


 * It as during this time that the Alaskan government and military began to expand their . Due to a lack of nuclear resources within its borders, the domestic program never developed a nuclear bomb.


 * In 1955, Igor Vaare:0:0 is elected to the presidency. His administration focused on improving Alaska's infrastructure as a deterrent against a possible Soviet attack. This also included expanding military relations with the United States.


 * Under the, a military agreement is established between Alaska and the United States. Under the provisions, American missiles are allowed to be stationed within Alaska.


 * Throughout the deployment of these weapon systems, average Alaskans would be kept in the dark that many of these "defensive" missiles would (in fact) include nuclear warheads.


 * The Soviet Union:0:0 would push itself into the situation by 1960. Unhappy that his country was completely surrounded by enemy missiles (combined with the two incidences of American planes being shot down over the USSR), opts to make public the evidence (collected by spies and surveillance) of American nuclear weapons being stationed in Alaska.


 * Though not acting militarily, the USSR puts pressure on both Alaska and the United States. Japan:0:0 also places pressures on the two, believing that missiles in Alaska would also threaten their security.


 * Following these revelations, Alaskans make it clear that they oppose the stationing of nukes within their nation and the level of secrecy the government took to hide this fact. Though split on the issue, most Alaskans demand the nukes be withdrawn from the country.


 * It would be during this national debate that Alaskan and  form a political coalition against the decades of militarization. This coalition would form the basis of the Peace Party:0:0.


 * The nuclear debate in Alaska is intensified in early 1961, when a B-52 (carrying two nuclear bombs) near, resulting in the accidental detonation of both weapons. Thousands are killed during the incident. Fears of a similar accident possibly occurring in Alaska, the debate shifts completely against anything nuclear within Alaska.


 * A few months later, Pacifist and devout socialist, Vasily Kardash:0:0, is elected to the presidency. The new Kardash administration pushes for the complete removal of American missiles from Alaska and the reorientation towards within the Cold War.


 * Though continuing to cooperate with the United States on defensive issues, American personal and weaponry would be removed from the nation during the 1960s. Alaska would later withdrawal from the Rio Pact shortly after the collapse of the Soviet Union.


 * Additions


 * During the 1950s, Alaska expanded its domestic nuclear weapons program (begun under the Gnatyshin administration). But due to the lack of nuclear material within Alaska's borders, this program was ultimately scrapped.


 * among NATO members were all done in secret and were all deployed by the late 1950s. With a domestic program being unrealistic, Alaska would conduct similar talks with the United States (potentially under the Rio Treaty?).

Yefimok


The yefimok (: ефимок) is (essentially) the Russian name for the (which gave us the word dollar) and the  (which gave us the word peso). The word is derived from the first part of the name Joachimsthaler (thaler came from the end of the word). The Russian Empire effectively used this currency up until the 19th Century.

During the period of Russian American, the colonists would use the name as an umbrella term for dollars and pesos (both of which would've been used to some degree). As the Alaskan currency began to mirror those of its neighbors, the name would be formalized following its independence.

The potential subdivision of the yefimok could be the sotka, which literally translates as "hundredth" (as in one hundredth of a thing). From what I've been able to deduce, this name appears to be the Russian equivalent to the (Bulgarian) and the  (Slovene). Both names are derived from "hundredth" (as is the case with the word cent) and both currencies are descended from the. It should be noted that the word sotka could also mean "one hundred of something" (as in 100 rubles) and is also currently used as a measurement for alcohol and area. Ironically, the word is also used as the Russian name for, which (to me) seems to support this names use for coins. Alternate names could include the tsent (цент, "cent") or the kopeyka (копейка, "kopek").

The currency sign I've designed for the yefimok will be a letter "J" with a stroke through it. The "J" is currently untouched (currency wise), and can be based on the German/Scandinavian translation jefimok (not to mention Joachimsthaler). This symbol would partially resemble those of the and the, but those symbols were recently made. Prior to its adoption (somewhere around the 1970s, I predict), the "$" was used (as it is also the symbol of the dollar and peso).

Denomination Possibilities

 * Coins


 * 1¢
 * 2¢
 * 3¢
 * 5¢
 * 10¢ (parchment color = brown )
 * 25¢ (parchment color = black )
 * 50¢ (parchment color = lilac )
 * $1 (parchment color = green or yellow )
 * $3


 * Banknotes


 * $5 (parchment color = blue )
 * $10 (parchment color = red )
 * $25
 * $50
 * $100
 * $250
 * $500
 * $1000

Color Possibilities
The color selections of both the coins and banknotes are to be based (as close as possible) to the old Russian-American Company parchments.


 * The lowest coin denominations (10 cents and lower) will be made of copper. This is to mimic the brown coloring of the 10 kopek parchment.


 * The middle coin denominations (lower than a yefimok) will be made of silver. This is to mimic the black/grey coloring of the 25 kopek parchment.


 * The nighest coin denominations (one yefimok and over) will be made of gold. This is to mimic the yellow coloring of the 1 ruble parchment.


 * The 5 and 10 yefimok banknotes will be blue and red (respectively). These are the same color selections as on the 5 and 10 ruble parchments.


 * Excluding lilac and green (which were given to parchments that are going to be coins), no other colors are mentioned and assumed to not exist. As a compromise, I've decided to use the patter (based on the use of blue and red) to determine the coloring of the higher denominations. Using the rainbow spectrum (R-O-Y-G-B-I-V), the denominations higher than 10 will be colored (in increasing number): yellow, cyan, purple, orange, green, and repeating from blue and red.

Portrait Possibilities
One idea I have in mind will be that the yefimok will depict a noted explorer or merchant from Alaska's history. This would include Russians and non-Russians.


 * (1740s)
 * (1780s)
 * (1780s)
 * (1790s)
 * (1790s)
 * (1790s)
 * (1800s)
 * (1800s)
 * (1810s)

Other Possibilities

 * Each banknote will also include imagery of a specific region within Alaska. The region will correspond roughly to that explored by the person depicted.


 * The observe of the banknote will depict the person and native art of their specific region.


 * The reverse will depict a regional landmark (natural or artificial).


 * The coins (with the possible exception of the higher denominations) will depict an animal on the front and the coat of arms on the back.

Political Parties 2.0

 * Contemporary


 * Evergreen Party:0:0 &mdash;, , ,


 * Freedom Party:0:0 &mdash;, , ,


 * Peace Party:0:0 &mdash;, , ,


 * Historic (Pre-Revolution)


 *  &mdash; ,


 * Republican Party &mdash; ,


 *  &mdash; ,


 *  &mdash; ,


 *  &mdash;, , ,


 * Historic (Alaskan Wars)


 * Communist Party ← Social Democratic Labour Party


 * Constitutional Democratic Party


 * Nationalist Party ← Union of October 17


 * Republican Party


 * Socialist Party ← Socialist Revolutionary Party


 * Historic (Post-Wars)


 * Constitutional Democratic Party &mdash;→ Evergreen Party:0:0


 * Fascist Party ← Nationalist Party


 * Republican Party &mdash;→ Evergreen Party:0:0


 * Socialist Party &mdash;→ Peace Party:0:0


 * Workers' Party ← Communist Party &mdash;→ Peace Party:0:0

Fascism in Alaska



 * and would gain national popularity during the late 1920s and throughout the 1930s.


 * Alaskan Fascists would be elected/appointed to both chambers of the General Congress of Alaska:General Congress:0 during this time.


 * The Fascist Party would continue to participate in national politics during the early years of . This was due to its broad popularity and the lack of opposition to . The party is ultimately banned/disbanded by 1945.


 * The party would gained the majority of its support from the population.


 * Though the Fascists would've attempted to gains support by all European Alaskans, the party ultimately remained and.

Possible New Names



 * Civil Unity &mdash; Гражданское Единство ()
 * Party of Regions &mdash; Партия Регионов
 * People's Alliance &mdash; Народный Союз ()


 * Evergreens &mdash; Вечнозелёные
 * Members are referred to as either "Evergreens" or as "Vezels" (Везелы). The word Vezel is the phonetic spelling of the Russian abbreviation VZ (ВЗ). The added "L" is to follow Russian spelling rules and comes from the third letter of the word for green (зелёный).


 * Peace and Freedom Party &mdash; Партия Мира и Свободы
 * Movement for Peace and Freedom &mdash; Движение за Мир и Свободу (ДМС)
 * Movement for Peace and Freedoms &mdash; Движение за Мир и Свободы

Electoral College and Third-Party Votes



 * Governoratewide Rules (Всегубернские правила, ВГП) &mdash; Similar to the status quo of the United States electoral college. Whomever wins the majority of the vote in a governorate shall win all that governorate's electoral votes.


 * Congressional District Rules (Съездовско-окружные правила, CОП) &mdash; Also known as American Rules (Американские правила), this system is comparable to those used in and . Five of the electoral votes are given to the candidate whom wines the majority of the governorate's votes. The remaining electors are awarded to the popular vote winner of each of that governorate's congressional districts. Unlike the US, gerrymandering is not a serious issue.


 * Proportional Rules (Пропорциональные правила, ПП) &mdash; This system is not used in the US. All of the electoral votes are given proportionally to the total votes of each candidate. An alternative could be that five of the votes are automatically given to the popular vote winner (given them a boost).


 * http://www.270towin.com/alternative-electoral-college-allocation-methods/
 * http://refall.ru/1-2623.html

Governors of Alaska

 * {{legend|lightgreen|Evergreen Party:Evergreens:0}}
 * {{legend|pink|Peace Party:Pacifists:0}}


 * Aleutia:0:0 &mdash; (Boris Edgmon)
 * Bering:0:0
 * Columbia:0:0 &mdash; (maybe),  (maybe),  (maybe)
 * Far North:0:0 &mdash; ?


 * Kodiak:0:0
 * New Caledonia:0:0
 * New Irkutsk:0:0 &mdash; ?, ?
 * Oregon:0:0 &mdash; Pavel Goberman
 * Queen Charlotte Islands:0:0
 * Shelikof:0:0
 * Sitka:0:0


 * Tongass:0:0
 * Vancouver Island:0:0
 * Yakutat:0:0 &mdash; ?

China



 * With Japan loosing the, the is butterflied away.


 * would become legitimized with China joining the.


 * During, China may be compelled to invade and occupy , , and (with  and  possibly being included). China would simultaneously invade the Soviet Union in 1941, attacking  and.


 * Japan is pushed into the war when China invades (or threatens to invade) . Japan is thereby a member of the.


 * With the Americans and Europeans focusing on Germany, Japan is initially left to attack China on their own (a la the ). Only after the defeat of Germany do the entire Allied Powers focus on China.


 * For similar political reasons as OTL, the United States may use its two nuclear bombs against two Chinese cities. This would also give a message to the Soviet Union to remain out of China Proper.


 * In a manner similar to Germany, China is carved up between the Allies.
 * The Soviet Union is allowed to annex (Uyghurstan) and  is reunited with [Outer]  (with the whole being annexed by the USSR). [Manchuria would've already been Soviet by this point]
 * The United Kingdom is expands further inland. Along with the, the leased territories of Hong Kong are made permanent (meaning Hong Kong would never be obligated to return to China). The UK also establishes a protectorate over  (which later receives full independence).
 * The (i.e., western ) is carved up between the Soviet Union (Mongolia and Uyghurstan) and the United Kingdom (Tibet).
 * On par with Hong Kong, the colonies of (France) and  (Portugal) are allowed to have their territories expanded and leases voided.
 * Only remains within the rump Chinese state. Japan occupies the majority of the country, while the British/Europeans are [likely] allowed to occupy . Japan ultimately pushes for the re-establishment of the  (a la ). [Taiwan was already a Japanese colony by this point]


 * Macau gains independence as a republic in the 1970s (as a result of the and Portugal's new policy of of anti-colonialism). Around the same time, Hong Kong gains independence as a dominion. Kwangchow Wan would not gain independence by today, either remaining an  (a la French Polynesia) or is incorporated as an overseas department (a la French Guyana).


 * List of Countries


 * China:0:0 &mdash; reformed
 * Hong Kong:0:0 &mdash; British dominion
 * Kwangchow Wan:0:0 &mdash; French overseas territory or department
 * Macau:0:0 &mdash; independent republic
 * Manchuria:0:0 &mdash; former Soviet Socialist Republic
 * Mongolia:0:0 &mdash; former Soviet Socialist Republic
 * Tibet:0:0 &mdash; independent monarchy
 * Uyghurstan:0:0 &mdash; former Soviet Socialist Republic

Congo


Not sure if this can work. But I will still wright it out.


 * The effectively prevents the  from even getting involved in  on the scale of OTL. The  is butterflied away (instead becoming Japan's problem?).


 * Without a communist China, the Soviet Union is more keen to support 's rebellion in 1964.


 * With being a, communism never takes over the island. Because of which,  instead looks towards the  as a just cause he was looking for (if not all of Africa).


 * During the, Guevara encourages the Simbas to keep their "Western weapons" and to abandon superstitious practices. This ultimetally helps the Simbas to successfully capture the (cutting the government forces in half).
 * The eventually falls to Communist forces.


 * The fact that the Democratic Republic of the Congo is supported by and utilizing Western troops within their territory may further strain the image of the DRC. The Simbas (as in OTL) would use this to demonize the ruling government (a la in OTL Vietnam).


 * , which aimed to rescue hostages held by the Simbas, fails and and results in the deaths of hostages and Belgian troops. The incident is used to justify the deployment of American troops (a la the ).


 * The expands their support for the Simbas (a la the ). The Congo Crisis has now become a Vietnam-equivalent for the United States and leads to bitter tensions domestically and internationally.
 * The fact that would be sent to fight against  would likely play a key role in the.


 * The United States reluctantly leaves the Congo by the 1970s after years of stalemate. The Simbas quickly capture the rest of the nation shortly afterwards.


 * Following the in the neighboring  in 1970, the two communist governments agree to unify as a single People's Republic of the Congo.  and  (which are [ironically] only separated by the ) becomes the singular capital of the nation.
 * During the, the may be annexed by the Congo.


 * From the 1970s onward, the Congo begins to industrialize and utilize their vast resources. By today, the nation is an emerging power and is partially regarded similarly to (OTL).
 * "Made in the Congo"


 * Likely continuing to this day, a "Mini Cold War" continues between the Congo and South Africa. Both nations would fight s across Africa (including Angola and Mozambique). Both nations could also be the only African nations to posses (making the situation interesting).


 * Other Notes


 * The national currency of the Congo could be called the  (the Katanga Cross).


 * The Congo could develop their own space program, using its wealth and location along the equator to become the "four space power" (Japan would've still beaten them).


 * Due to it being a "native language" and widely understood in the areas initially controlled by the Communists, it might be possible that would emerge as the ingua franca of the Congo (gradually replacing French over the decades). Comparable to Indonesia's loss of Dutch.
 * Jamhuri ya Watu wa Kongo = People's Republic of the Congo

France and Germany



 * During World War II, the Canada:Republic of Canada:0 (Quebec) occupies (in order to prevent them from being governed by the Axis Powers).


 * Following the war, Canada opts to annex the islands, which would likely be backed by the islanders (via a referendum). The UK and the USA ultimately back Canada, further straining relations between them and (which were already questionable OTL).


 * These strains further complicate matters in Occupied Germany. Due to which, France completely rejects any notion of a cooperation with the UK or the USA (via a ). is effectively abandoned due to which, resulting in the establishment of several small states.
 * The French Zone(s) are merged with portions of the American Zone (via referenda) to establish the nations of and.
 * The is annexed by France during this time.
 * What remains of the American Zone is granted independence as the.
 * The British Zone is reorganized into a known as the (reformed)  (headed by the ).
 * The Soviet Zone is reorganized into a known as  (which is virtually the same as OTL's ).
 * would continue to be divided and occupied throughout the Cold War. is incorporated into Prussia, while  remains ambiguous. The  is still erected, and the entire city is reunited with Prussia during the 1990s.
 * Due to its overall relations with the UK and the USA, France may opt to recall their troops from Berlin and hand over their zone to either the Bizone or the USSR (either option seems acceptable).


 * France would still moves to establish the (the predecessor to the ) and may be more compelled to ratify the.


 * List of Countries


 * Bavaria:0:0 &mdash; American-backed republic
 * &mdash; republic
 * Hanover:0:0 &mdash; British-backed constitutional monarchy
 * Hesse:0:0 French-backed republic
 * Prussia:0:0 &mdash; Russian-backed republic
 * &mdash; Soviet-backed communist state
 * Swabia:0:0 &mdash; French-backed republic

Indonesia and the Netherlands



 * Japan would never . Due to which, the doesn't become as big of a force as OTL.


 * As part of, the Netherlands may opt to partition the East Indies into regional within the  (on par with the  and ). The Dutch East Indies are essentially made into smaller dominions.


 * Some of these dominions may gain full independence by today ( being the most likely candidate).


 * Possible Countries (WIP)


 * &mdash; Independence?
 * (/) &mdash; Independence?
 * &mdash; Independence?
 * &mdash; Independence?
 * &mdash; Independence?
 * &mdash; Independence?
 * &mdash; Independence?
 * &mdash; Independence?

http://www.alternatehistory.com/discussion/showthread.php?t=278872

Japan and Korea



 * Japan looses the . As a consequence of this, the Russian Empire receives all of the and establishes a  over.


 * Another consequence is that the Japanese would not view themselves as invincible as OTL and instead adopt a more pragmatic foreign policy (i.e., no imperial expansion). The (as we know it) is butterflied away.


 * Following the, Japan would reoccupy the Kuril Islands (as well as parts of the Russian Far East) and establish itself as the new protector of Korea. Excluding the Kurils, Russia regains all of its territory during the 1920s.


 * Under similar circumstances to OTL, Japan would annex Korea (just at a later date). By the end of World War II, the entire peninsula is incorporated and divided into . Around the same time, the (i.e., ) is also incorporated into Japan as the Nan'yō Prefecture.  would retain the same status it did within Japan.


 * During World War II, a invades Korea. Japan declares war on China and soon co-operates with the . Japan attacks China similarly to OTL, though the Chinese would put up more of a fight (thanks to the Axis Powers).


 * Fighting in Asia would continue after the war in Europe ends. China ultimately surrenders following the use of American nuclear weapons on Chinese cities. Though it was done primarily to assist their Japanese ally, the United States also used the bomb to send a message to both Japan and the Soviet Union (a la OTL).




 * The Empire of Japan emerges as the dominant force in Asia. Japan would be the primary occupier of China (with some European troops in the southern provinces). Japan would become one of the founding members of the and would be one of the permanent members of the  (not China). Similar to the Soviet Union (not to mention the United States, which opted-out), Japan may be allowed to receive two additional votes in the General Assembly. Korea and Taiwan may be those two extra votes.


 * Japan would effectively establish their own in regards to Asia. The  is still established, just under very different circumstances. The GEACPS would be more comparable to the  and . Japan will intervene virtually in all subsequent Asian wars, both proxy and conventional. Japan and the GEACPS would effectively be a "third superpower" which is neither supportive of the Soviet Union or the United States.


 * Japan would [likely] not be as as OTL, but would still be socially conservative and nationalist. Japan may still develop into a single-party dominant state, just not under the.


 * Japan may force itself into the (and all the goodies it had to offer).


 * After decades of turmoil (not to mention ), a non-violent revolution occurs during the 1980s. Japan adopts and new constitution, fully becoming a democratic constitutional monarchy (more on par with OTL Japan).


 * Following this revolution, Koreans push for and achieve independence from Japan (via a referendum). Due to a larger Japanese population and closer economic ties to the Home Islands, many "Koreans" may opt-out of the referendum and push for continued incorporation within Japan. The area of the historic may be the most likely candidate.


 * Following independence, Korea may establish closer ties with Manchuria and Russia (mostly as a counterbalance against continued Japanese domination). If Japan does take parts of Korea, conflicts may erupt along the new border.


 * The may establish itself as a major party within Korea. It should be noted that this KWP would be the same as OTL, instead taking influence from the.


 * Notes for "Southern Korea"


 * Probably like all of Korea, the remaining prefectures would be referred to as "do" (道). This would be similar to.


 * = Kyōshō[dō] in Japanese.


 * Korea Notes


 * Because Japan is one of the Allied Powers, they are allowed to keep Korea with little opposition. At best, it would be comparable to how the West viewed some of the Soviet republics (but nothing more).


 * Because the Home Islands are overcrowding and lack resources, the government encourages Japanese (or rather ) migration into Korea. Though all of the peninsula would have some presence of Japanese settlers, the Gyeongsang region would have the most.


 * Today, Korea's population would be roughly a fifth Japanese. The Gyeongsang region would be almost half. Busan would have a Japanese majority.


 * 20th Century Japanese Culture after Russian victory in Russo-Japanese War?

Philippines
Feel free to comment, Tiu (I'd love your opinions).


 * The Philippines still become an American possession following the Spanish-American War.


 * Rather than making the islands a colony (as OTL), the USA grants the Philippines independence. A "" is adopted, treating the Philippines similarly to OTL.

Polynesia



 * Regions to be Included






 * Politics of Polynesia


 * (Prime Minister?)
 * House of Nobles (modeled on House of Lords)?
 * House of Nobles (modeled on House of Lords)?


 * States/Provinces of Polynesia




 * With the being the  of Polynesia, all state/provinces names are to be in Hawaiian (or otherwise d).


 * All preexisting colonies/nations are to retain their exact borders upon joining Polynesia. The only exceptions may include:
 * The French colonies ( and ) could be allowed to be admitted as their constituent subdivisions (instead of remaining amalgamated entities).
 * Due to their larger populations, and  may be partitioned into two or more provinces ( and  from Fiji, and  from Hawaii).


 * Standard Hawaiian Names


 * → Pīkī
 * → Hawaiʻi
 * → Kauaʻi
 * → Kilepaka
 * → Nuʻuhiwa (a la )
 * → Lalakoʻa
 * → Kāmoa or Haʻamoa
 * → Kahiki
 * → Kona
 * → ʻUwea


 * Potential Hawaiian Names (Best Guess)


 * → Kupuaʻi
 * → Pukuna or Hukuna
 * → Niuē
 * → Laʻiākea
 * → Kuamoku or Paʻumoku
 * → Kuwalu
 * → Kuwalu


 * States/Provinces





Provinces Names 2.0

 * 1)  (Pīkī)
 * 2)  (Pukuna)
 * 3)  (Hawaiʻi)
 * 4)  (Kalikimaka)
 * 5)  (Kilepaka)
 * 6)  (Niuē)
 * 7)  (Nuʻuhiwa)
 * 8)  (Paʻumoku)
 * 9)  (Laʻiākea)
 * 10)  (Lapa Nui)
 * 11)  (Lalakoʻa)
 * 12)  (Haʻamoa)
 * 13)  (Kahiki)
 * 14)  (Koʻolau)
 * 15)  (Kona)
 * 16)  (Kupuaʻi)
 * 17)  (Kuwalu)
 * 18)  (ʻUwea)

South Africa



 * Following the loss of and  during the 19th Century, the British Empire moves to strengthen the loyalties in their remaining colonies (including ).


 * This comes to a head in 1922 when  into the.


 * This move increases the British population of South Africa enough to assure the Afrikaner-dominated fails to win the government. Pro-British governments become more common and South Africa never leaves the.


 * Under the continued leadership of, South Africa encourages far more European immigration into the nation (which was opposed by the Afrikaner governments of OTL). South Africa's White population is much larger than OTL (1/3?).


 * Due to international president (France and Japan ATL), is formally annexed into South Africa (with little opposition internationally). The British also feel more confident to allow for the incorporation of, , and  into the nation.


 * (as we know it) is never implemented within South Africa. Despite this, segregation laws would still be passed across the nation (just not as severe).


 * The never achieves official status within South Africa. This is due mostly to the pro-British government not bringing up the matter, as well as an increase of European immigrants (including Dutch and Germans). To this day,  is the official language (along with English). Afrikaans (at least as we know it) would only be a vernacular language and mostly seen as a dialect.


 * Due to the nation's larger area and disenfranchised Afrikaner population, a federalist movement gains wide support during the 1960s and 1970s. South Africa formally becomes a federation during this time, with the provinces gaining more sovereignty. The is partitioned into three smaller provinces (a la OTL).
 * While there is no precedent for such a move, I'm compelled to have South Africa adopt a single capital following federalization. This comes as a possibility that the [new] federal government may wish to have a secure territory that is outside the neighboring provincial ones (a la the ACT and DC). That being said, and the surrounding territory (west of the OFS and east of the Orange-Vaal Rivers) would make a lovely capital. The city is of historical significance for South Africa (DIAMONDS) and is located halfway between Cape Town and Pretoria.


 * Potential Provinces



Tahuantinsuyo et al.



 * Due to the potential threat of Russo-Mexican domination in the Pacific, (more so) and the  fully back the  during the . Argentina and Chile are unable to defeat the Confederation, securing its prominence in South America.


 * As a consequence of the war, the Confederation secures (most/all) the  and the.


 * With northern expansion and Pacific domination out of the question, Chile puts more effort to secure more of . This eventually leads to a larger Chile and a (slightly) smaller Argentina.


 * The Confederation is able to secure all of its territorial claims. This results in several wars with Ecuador over the years. In 1940, the Confederation may completely occupy and annex Ecuador (which may regain independence by today).


 * Expand upon later


 * Ecuador is also annexed.


 * An Axis Power Tahuantinsuyo? Would make WWII interesting.


 * is not taken by Chile, becoming a European colony and then a state of Polynesia?


 * With European assistance during the War of the Confederation, Peru-Bolivia is able to cease the of northern Chile. The Confederation can claim that the region is historically theirs (due to vague Spanish boundary definitions). Europe recognizes this.

Vietnam

 * Japan pushes for an independent Vietnam under the (/).


 * The were still handed power by the retreating Chinese . The Viet Minh are also backed by Communists and Anti-Japanese forces fighting in southern China.


 * North Vietnam and Southern China become hotbeds for guerrilla groups, resulting in a different Vietnam War.

Uyezds of Sonoma 2.0


Going to try something different. I will be take every County (OTL) that lies within (ATL) Sonoma, take a quick glimpse at their history, and give them an appropriate Russian name. This will be used to get a better look at what the layout of Sonoma should realistically be (IMHO). -- Nuke


 * Корусинский уезд (Korusinskiy uyezd)
 * Based on the native name Koru. The trilled "R" remains, as the Russians can easily pronounce it (as opposed to the Americans). The name is also an homage to the names "Colusa" and the historic "Colusi".
 * Based on the native name Koru. The trilled "R" remains, as the Russians can easily pronounce it (as opposed to the Americans). The name is also an homage to the names "Colusa" and the historic "Colusi".


 * Полумесячный уезд (Polumyesyachnyy uyezd)
 * The Russian translation of crescent.
 * The Russian translation of crescent.


 * Ивовый уезд (Ivovyy uyezd)
 * The Russian translation for willow.
 * The Russian translation for willow.


 * Эвристический уезд (Evristichyeskiy uyezd)
 * Russian translation of eureka (lit. "Heuristic County").
 * Russian translation of eureka (lit. "Heuristic County").


 * Чистоозёрный уезд (Chistoozyornyy uyezd) →, Russia
 * The name is in reference to (lit. "the clear lake county")
 * The name is in reference to (lit. "the clear lake county")


 * Рафаиловский уезд (Rafailovskiy uyezd)
 * Russian translation of Saint Raphael.
 * Seems appropriate that the Mission would remain in use and grow into a city.
 * Seems appropriate that the Mission would remain in use and grow into a city.


 * Юкайинский уезд (Yukayinskiy uyezd)
 * The Russian translation of English Ukiah and Spanish Yokaya.
 * The Russian translation of English Ukiah and Spanish Yokaya.


 * Высокий уезд (Vysokiy uyezd)
 * The Russian translation of "heights" (alturas in Spanish).
 * The Russian translation of "heights" (alturas in Spanish).


 * Напинский уезд (Napinskiy uyezd)
 * After the (a la OTL).
 * After the (a la OTL).


 * Завалишинский уезд (Zavalishinskiy uyezd)
 * Named after Dmitry Zavalishin.
 * Zavalishin was a profound figure in the RAC's expansion into California. He even proposed (OTL) to purchase large stretches of territory from Mexico to settle Russians. He would have more success and notoriety ATL.
 * Zavalishin was a profound figure in the RAC's expansion into California. He even proposed (OTL) to purchase large stretches of territory from Mexico to settle Russians. He would have more success and notoriety ATL.


 * Вайрикинский уезд (Vayrikinskiy uyezd)
 * Russian translation of Yreka.
 * The name "Yreka" comes from the native word wáik'a. The [current] Russian name is a Russification of the this name and the English translation.
 * The name "Yreka" comes from the native word wáik'a. The [current] Russian name is a Russification of the this name and the English translation.


 * Кусковский уезд (Kuskovskiy uyezd)
 * Named after.
 * Very likely General Vallejo would remain in Mexico. The two southern cities could (instead) be named after Kuskov and his wife, Elizabeth.
 * Very likely General Vallejo would remain in Mexico. The two southern cities could (instead) be named after Kuskov and his wife, Elizabeth.


 * Росский уезд (Rosskiy uyezd)
 * May actually be an as opposed to an uyezd.
 * May actually be an as opposed to an uyezd.


 * Краснообрывистый уезд (Krasnoobryvistyy uyezd)
 * Literally translates as "Red Bluff" in Russian.
 * Literally translates as "Red Bluff" in Russian.


 * Ткацкий уезд (Tkatskiy uyezd)
 * The literal Russian translation of "weaver."
 * The literal Russian translation of "weaver."


 * Таинственный уезд (Tainstvyennyy uyezd) ??
 * The Russian translation of  (sacramento in Spanish).
 * Named after the neighboring city of (in Mexico).
 * Named after the neighboring city of (in Mexico).


 * More Uyezds


 * (historic) →
 * Троицкий уезд (Troitskiy uyezd)
 * The Russian translation of "Trinity" (Trinidad in Spanish).


 * Дверечной уезд (Dvyeryechnoy uyezd)
 * The Russian translation of "two rivers" (dos rios in Spanish).
 * I've already established the city of Dve Reki to be the capital of Sonoma. Seems logical that they'd get their own uyezd.
 * I've already established the city of Dve Reki to be the capital of Sonoma. Seems logical that they'd get their own uyezd.


 * Счастливый уезд (Schastlivyy uyezd)
 * Based on the Russian word for happiness (lit. "Happy County").
 * One of the many etymological possibilities for the name "Shasta" is that it was named by the Russians setters from Fort Ross. They [supposedly] called the nearby mountain Schast'ye (which is virtually pronounced the same way as contemporary "Shasta"). I'm well aware that this possible naming origin is dubious, but who says it can't be a possibility here. XP
 * One of the many etymological possibilities for the name "Shasta" is that it was named by the Russians setters from Fort Ross. They [supposedly] called the nearby mountain Schast'ye (which is virtually pronounced the same way as contemporary "Shasta"). I'm well aware that this possible naming origin is dubious, but who says it can't be a possibility here. XP


 * Техаминский уезд (Tyekhaminskiy uyezd)
 * The Russian phonetic translation of "Tahama" (based on Arabic and Spanish).
 * The town of Tehama was originally the center of the county which bears it name, before Red Bluff "stole" it from them. For this timeline, perhaps they remain their own.
 * The town of Tehama was originally the center of the county which bears it name, before Red Bluff "stole" it from them. For this timeline, perhaps they remain their own.