1890 to 1899 (Principia Moderni III Map Game)

This page is an archive for the Principia Moderni III map game, from 1890 to 1899.

1890
'''In late September, a man drives a wagon into central Paris, right outside the central military headquarters during the height of the day. Within twenty minutes the wagon explodes, killing at least 34 people and wounding an unknown number. Those responsible are not caught and their allegiance is unknown.'''

'''Over the last ten years an estimated 2.5 million have emigrated from Europe, primarily due to conflict. Many have fled to nations like Reme, Emeraldie, Brazil, and Andea. '''

'''The first modern Olympiad has been chosen to take place in Sparta, Roman Empire! Please check the Olympic Games page for details and to propose or vote on future locations. '''


 * United German Kingdoms: New Mecklenburg in Australia expands by 750 px. The relative success in the recent war propels the governing center-right coalition, in particular the Crown Loyalist Party, to over 475 of 525 seats in the House of Commons, and further kills the relevance of left-wing parties in the UGK like the Socialists. The government of the UGK sends Spain a letter asking for an alliance, in particular in case of the increasingly hostile Communist states around it attacks. In other news, the census results are published, showing the population of the UGK standing at 18.7 million people.
 * Spain agrees.


 * Indian Empire: Queen Nur Jehan was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 318,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented with ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of Bengal, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones. The Indian Empire shows interest in joining the Olympics, secretly hoping to acquire recognition as the sole representatives of India. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 60.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 45.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and fruits maintained a major presence in Punjab's exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 36.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagar's exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well. Vijaynagar requests the Roman Empire to return the city of Chennai.
 * BoraliaFlag.png Union of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Radios become commonplace for media communication. One engineer claims that electricity can be more efficient than oil. As scientists explore mechanisms at smaller levels, it is theorized that all matter behaves like a particle and wave. Machine guns continue to improve with Andean supplies. Fatalities in surgeries are drastically reduced with modern medicine. Automobiles completely replace travel by horse. Submarines begin to be built for the purpose of breaking through northern ice caps. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry. As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast. A new port is built on the north coast of Borealia with the purpose of accessing the Atlantic Ocean. The Borealian navy lays claim to the several islands in the Pacific, (OTL Marshall Islands, Nauru, and Micronesia) and these are merged together as an overseas territory. Borealia moves to annex Hawaii this year and incorporate it as a province of the Union. Retconned.
 * The Territory of Australia: The ports continue to be expanded and the new city of Dandiri is built on the Pacific Coast. As more businesses are taken up by Muslim natives, the German colonists begin migrating to the new communities farther inland. Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. An irrigation program continues to be designed, with the hopes of aiding settlements in the outback.
 *  Imperial Japanese Dip:  We strongly suggest that Borelia does not move to annex Hawaii this year for this may lead to war with Rome, for Rome has publically invested into keeping Hawaii independent. Retconned.
 * Czechia: We continue to build up our military. The building of a railroad throughout the nation continues. Factories continue to make railroad tracks. Our local railroads now attach to the European railroads that are being made. Many factories hire both men and women. The farming industry is still the biggest industry of the nation. Our border control team now allows anyone into the nation. We are now allies with Poland and all the other Communist nations. We send troops to Silesia to attack them and help Poland.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist, Neo-Confucian and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Monarch Heonjong continues to plan new reforms for Korea and continues investing heavily in technology and science. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration).
 * France: After the attacks in Central Paris, we begin to immediately blame Brittany for the attack, and hence our forces stationed on the border are ordered to invade the country and secure it for France. (War to be decided in algorithm). Meanwhile, our ten-Year Plan begins the first year of implementation, and with the birth of the People's Entente with the Orleans Conference last year, we invite Czechia to join the organization. As a result, many in our nation are optimistic about the future of France, and we begin a conscription program to allow our troops to increase. Meanwhile, the People's Republic of France decide to fund rebellions in Lombardy.Tthe Netherlands and the Federal German Commonwealth to install Communist governments there.
 * Bavaro-German Dip: Bavaria takes note of French meddling in our country, and has thus expelled French agents, arrested Communist leaders, and is currently utilizing full civic force to crush any coup.
 * In Spain, the nation continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities lead to more people moving to the cities. Stronger cements are produced, whatever that means, leading to the construction of much taller buildings, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Valencia, and Madrid. Steamboats and cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica and proposes a Trans-European rail link from Lisbon to Constantinople and Moscow. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Aragon takes all the people from Edgistan. Boats and guns. Spain commissions a more ironclads based on the German designs. More artillery stuff. Kerguelen is a crown possession of Spain. The Spanish government condemns the Communists. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain proposes the formation of an anti-Communist league. Spain extends a hand of friendship and protection toward Britanny. Spain also seeks the return of Gibraltar and Ceuta from Croatia. Spain also seeks to purchase Dutch West Africa for x million Spanish currency units. (Mod response.) Spanish people develop an automatic weapon. #NoMoreWikiaChanges
 * Prince Peter is crowned King of Algeria from the territory that was recently acquired. Algeria adopts the Spanish system of government and begins drafting a constitution and elections are planned. Algeria naturally supports Spain's anti-Communist stance and reaches out to Rome, Croatia, Bavaria, and the Caliphate to form alliances. Algeria expands 5000 sq km south as part a new nationalistic campaign to become a great nation in the African continent.
 * Navarre continues to fare well. As part of the new diarchy with Spain, Navarre begins to adopt Spanish customs. Navarre also adopts the Spanish currency for relative ease of commerce and finance. Navarre legalizes voting for all male Navarrese citizens above the age of 21. Navarre is also given representation in the newly expanded Spanish parliament as part of the union.
 * Dutch Dip: Rejected.
 * Caliphate Dip: Already having an alliance with Rome, we delay joining the league, as with the invasion of the Tartary is underway.
 * Bavaro-German Dip: Bavaro-Germany is a very liberal, socialist state, and our government and economy shares many fundamental tenets with Communist thought. However, the actions, policies, and leadership of the Communist nations of Poland and Russia, and others, are too hardline and borderline oppressive for Bavaria. Regardless, we will not join the anti-Communist league, BUT we will create a special alliance with Spain, unlike all other alliances currently standing. We hope this alliance will support socialist, liberal, and leftist governments in Europe, while battling extremist, oppressive Communist regimes at the same time.
 * People's Republic of Poland: General Secretary Sokoloff is pleased by Czechia's acceptance of the ultimatum and he makes a speech in the nation's capital of Prague with its new leader, Voivode Viktor Havel. General Secretary Sokoloff continues into year three of his Ten Year Plan of reforming Poland according to the principles and ideals Jakkopism-Ayernovism. He also agrees to Spain's proposal of a Trans-European rail link and says that it may go through Warsaw. Under the orders of the General Secretary, Foreign Minister Dubanowski sends another ultimatum, but instead to Silesia, demanding that Poland be allowed to install a Communist government or their will be war. HM Starek moves the 90,000 troops previously spread over the Czech border and concentrates them on the Silesian border. War is also declared upon Brittany in support of France's attack but only supplies are sent to the war for the moment as their is currently a home front war in Poland. After the relative current stalemate in the Czech-Polish Invasion of Silesia, HM Starek decides to raise 300,000 troops to attack Silesia. After the entry of Croatia into the war, the Foreign Minister prepares for surrender in the following year.
 * ​Silesian Dip: Rejected.
 * Polish Diplomacy: War is declared upon Silesia and the advance commences.
 * Morocco: The Kingdom of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 100,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 8.7 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 74,000 soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships and 14 frigates. The nation expands by 1000 px per year to keep it stronger and independent, with a few new cities are built, roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer schools, colleges and more houses and mining planets are built. The mining plants produces materials coal and iron, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. A few docks and mosques are built. Two new museums are built and opened in cities of Marrakesh and Fes. As the Olympics Games stated in 1892 in Sparta, Morocco declares to join the Olympics as an attending country. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and one new railway line are opened in service. Nine of 14 wooden frigates are upgraded to armored iron frigates built by Moroccan harbors in Essaouira and Safi. Sultan Aslal I continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science.
 * Croatia joins the war to defend Silesia. 
 * Algonquia: Continues to recover from the recent conflicts, with some portions of the military being demobilized. Algonquia's navy continues to grow, with a new battleship being commissioned this year, with ironclads perceived as increasingly outdated. Uzvards guns come into wide use in the army. Trade continues to grow, with newly open markets providing large amounts of wealth. A colony is founded on Kitlineq to bring more of the Arctic under Algonquian sovereignty, and expands along the coast, bringing Inuit bands under the Algonquian government. With Algonquia needing settlers for the prairies willing to farm, it begins offering free land to anyone willing to settle in the prairies, resulting in a rush for land. Algonquian emissaries advertise this in Central and Eastern Europe, notably in Carpathia, Czechia, Vlachia, Ruthenia, and Silesia, as well as in China. Tens of thousands of peasants, fleeing conflict-torn regions with serfdom often still in place, emigrate to Algonquia.
 * Sahtudene: Expands 5000 km along the Arctic Coast. Charting of the Northwest Passage continues, with an expedition finally reaching the Pacific in June this year. The railway linking Tuktoyaktuk with the south is completed, making it finally possible for large-scale Algonquian commerce with the Pacific to begin.
 * Lukaian: Continues to re-inforce its Prussian and Livonian national identity, with the former national languages being revived, align with native Lucayan. Russian continue to emigrate back to Pskov or to Russia, while some Algonquians arrive. A local militia of 8000, plus a larger Algonquian garrison, is created. Large quantities of tea, coffee, sugar and rubber are grown to feed Algonquia's industrial sector.
 * The Caliphate: Drastically tries to develop military and the economy of the nation. We begin to construct the nation to its previous extent and glory. With the agreement with Rome, we begin to ease tensions with our previous enemy. Also, with the ownership of the entire Persian Gulf, we dominate trade in the region. We improve Mecca every year, donating a significant part of our treasury to the Holy City. A significant number of ships are built for our fleet. We resume to improve cities and establish the capital of the Caliphate as Baghdad, as for diplomatic reason, Mecca is impractical. We also start to press claims on Tartary-owned Persia and Central Asia. The Caliphate: with the war, we try to maintain our economy at a minimum. We begin to construct the nation to its previous extent and glory. With the agreement with Rome, we begin to ease tensions with our previous enemy. Also, with the ownership of the entire Persian Gulf, we dominate trade in the region. We improve Mecca every year, donating a significant part of our treasury to the Holy City. A significant number of ships are built for our fleet. We resume to improve cities and establish the capital of the Caliphate as Baghdad, as for diplomatic reason, Mecca is impractical. We also start to press claims on Tartary-owned Persia and Central Asia. We welcome and accept all trade proposals. Caliph Malik incorporates the old system of Shura, democratically electing the new Caliph after the current one those, however, with a little modification: Caliphs can be only elected from one of four houses, all of them requiring to claim to come from Prophet Muhammad: House Hashemite, House Abbasid, House Fatimid, and the Alids or House of Ali, to please the Shias living in the realm. With the conference taking place in Baghdad; many expect it to last at least a year, and two at most. As with most nations, we partcipate in the Olympic Games. With claims on Tartar Central America and Persia, we jointly invade the Tartary with Communist Russia. In addition to this, we hold the Treaty of Armenia with Croatia and Rome, discussing several border exchanges in Armenia and Africa. 
 * ​WTF? ~Edge
 * Russia joins the war
 * Edge, if I had to guess, he meant Central Asia. ~Toby
 * Yea, I did. ~Josh
 * Emeraldie: New construction starts on the nation's ports, farms and mines to increase the nation's exports and economic strength. The new royal palace is complete and the king makes a speak on how Emeraldie is the true successor of France and promises the people a grand and prosperous future. The government enacts several new policies designed to encourage the industrialisation of the nation. We expand 500 px into the continents interior.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories: The first colonists and missionaries arrive in the region after the Emeraldian government portrays the territories as a lush tropical paradise. A naval base begins construction in Tahiti. The territory is expanded to include the Cook islands and Tokelau.
 * Andea: Military begins to downsize, from 675,000 to 600,000. The Hesperia First party continues to grow. The military draft is met with mixed reactions, with many seeing it as a positive though many also comment that it increases the power and influence of the military. The industrial expansion slows, creating a minor panic in Andea. The normalization of Relations with Germany leads to increased trade, and an increased desire with bilateral relations with the UGK, seeing them as a good counter for Communist France. Population hits 41 million this year, with most of them being Quechua-Spanish Meztizos. Quechua remains the first language for most of the nation's residents. The government passes the Torrez-Sanchez Act, dictating election reforms, laws of succession for the president, and laws regarding running mates. Starting in the 1888 election, all presidents will pick their own vice president. Despite the ongoing war, the National Party remains popular in the countrysides of both Peru and the Amazon, though many major cities see the rise of the Hesperia First Reactionary Party. With the ongoing turmoil in Europe, both in the German wars and the Spanish wars, Andea increases the number of visas the government is able to administer. Average yearly wage sees a slight decrease from 486 Reals to 484 Reals, while the number of days a worker works a year increases from 355 to 356. Average work day remains at 11 hours. The tariff is raised to sponsor the rise of domestic industry, though this is unpopular in the rural areas of Apeac and the Amazon. The income tax remains set at 10% on those making more than 500 Reals and 5% for those making more than 300 reals. The average price of land remains 50 cents per acre, a 5% increase from 1850. With the Re-Admittance of Vorylaycor coming next year, the federal government ends the occupation. The federal government issues a formal apology for the burning of North Eastern Nov Xoyron, and spends considerable funds to reconstruct the city.
 * Osean Confederation: With the outbreak of war, the nation rapidly develops its industry and military to fit the need for war. Railroads are bulit up to allow the quick transfer of natural resources and industrial goods. The nation offically adopts conscription, raising a military of 150,000 men. Population stands at eight million, with the largest republic in the confederation being North Osea, with a population of 1.3 Million people. Average yearly wage increases to 360 reals. Average work day remains at ten hours. The nation remains mostly Spanish in culture, though Quechua remains the most spoken language (though not the widest used or largest first language) with 66% of the population being able to speak Quechua, as opposed to 59% being able to speak Spanish. As stated, Spanish is still the most used language and 48% of Oseans listing Spanish as their first language (as opposed to 36% listing Quechua as their first language). One thing of note regarding the lingustics of Osea is the dialect or diction of Spanish and Quechua. While Quechua in Andea and Osea is the same language, Quechua has Latin style pronunciation as opposed to traditional Quechua, while the areas once held by the British have a Germanic Influence on them. Spanish sees a similar development, with the larger, more traditionally Spanish republics using a high, traditonal diction as opposed to areas such as Paraguay, Santiago and Cordoba which have lower diction, noticeably different from that of Europeans.
 * Patagonia: Patagonia continues to recover from its occupation by the once stagnant British Empire. The nation Patagonia has three republics that will be admitted to Osea over the course of the next ten years. The first is the Republic of South Argentina, with one million people, to be admitted next year. The second is the Republic of Patagonia, with a population of 600,000. The third is the Republic of New Spain, with a population of 240,000.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures towards Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. Roman forces continue to battle remnants of the French African forces, who by the end of the year are largely defeated by Roman forces. However, fighting is still ongoing in the fringes of the desert between die-hard loyalists and some Berber tribes. Berbers from Barbaria and French exiles are brought in to help Roman administration of the new territory while Roman engineers and industrialists work hard to help restore basic utilities and transportation for the people. Telephone lines are laid and railroads repaired as part of the general effort. The Senatorial Olympic Committee explores the possibility of restarting the Olympics, and narrows down the choice of cities between Sparta and Patras, both in southern Greece near the original site of Olympia.
 * Ethiopia: We will send a small delegation of athletes to the Olympic Games.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation ofNew navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Reme continues its current expansion into the native dark-grey clusterfuck, expanding another 150 pixels into it. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started to be worked on.
 * Federal Commonwealth of Germany: Capital: Augsburg; Other cities: Wittelsbach, Munich, Vienna, Venice, Berlin; Population: 40.2 million. Commonly known as Bavaro-Germany. Brief history: Bavaro-Germany traces its roots to the Duchy of Bayern-Landshut. Over the course of the fifteenth-century, Bayern-Landshut was able to grow large enough to re-unite the fractured Duchy of Bavaria. In the sixteenth century, Bavaria made territorial gains in Saxony, Thuringia, and Swabia, as well as colonial advancements in Borealia.. In the seventeenth century, Bavaria helped to dismantle the Austrian monarchy, and won Brandenburg, Pomerania, and northern Austria as a result. In the eighteenth century, after a war with Spain, Bavaria acquired Venezia and several colonial holdings. A series of power-struggles and civil wars in the 1750s and 1760s changed Bavaria greatly, transforming it from a noble, feudal state to a high-class power. A further revolution in the 1790s federalized the country. In the 1870s and 1880s, lower-class revolts succeeded in abolishing the monarchy and instituting a left-wing government. Throughout its history, Bavaria has engendered a distinctive liberal tradition, including the Bavarian Commands of the 1490s, the Austrian Reconstruction in the 1660s, and Marian Commands in the 1790s, all of which events or documents greatly impacted the social, legal, and political fabric of the Bavarian nation.
 * National Developments: The grain, coal and railway industries remain heavily regulated. The Liberal Party remains in power in Augsburg. Women enter the national stage as ancient laws are repealed. However, many politicians fight to have women kept out of the government. In Stuttgart, the German Unification Party earns much support and attracts the eye of Hamburgian leadership. Markus Helenkamp wins the national chancellery elections of 1890, and continues to support German unification. In other news, the government catches on to French efforts to stage a Communist coup in Bavaro-Germany. In response to this, Communist leaders are arrested, deported, or stripped of public service.
 * Commonwealth of Bavaria:  The army is expanded, and the economy expands as well. Liberals maintain dominance in national government as conservatives retain the blame for economic disaster. Bavaria maintains alliances with Hamburg, Rome, France, Croatia, and Scandinavia. Markus Helenkamp continues serving as Chancellor, with elections coming up in 1895.
 * Commonwealth of Austria: The army and navy are expanded, as is the economy. Vienna remains a center of music, writing, art, and political power. The current governor is Leonardo von Benekat serving from 1885 to 1890. The Curia Austria remains one of the more moderate legislatures in the country, and is lax on regulation and economics. The Austrian Diet begins discussing universal suffrage for women. The Austrian Diet, mostly stocked with liberals, agrees to vote in women suffrage. Women above the age of 20 are able to vote beginning on June 1.
 * Commonwealth of Brandenburg: The army is expanded, as is the economy. Berlin remains an important city in Germany, and hosts a large economic center for the whole country. Mikael von Urbacher is governor. The Liberal Party enacts a series of far-left reforms that slap heavy regulations on child labor and establishes government watchdog groups for several manufacturing companies. In Berlin, the Democratic Federal party is founded, advocating leftist policies and a strong central government. It is led by Magnus Alischermann. The Democrat Federalists are opposed by the older Berlin Conservatives, who advocate monarchism and social conservatism.
 * Commonwealth of Pomerania: The army and navy are expanded. Pomerania remains an important port for the country. The Curia Pomerania stands as a center-right beacon for German politics.
 * Commonwealth of Venezia: The army and navy are expanded. Venice remains one of the oldest and culturally diverse cities and ports in Germany, providing the country with a large Italian population. The Curia Venexia supports a largely center-left composure, supporting economic regulation to a limited degree and supporting most social liberal policies.
 * Commonwealth of Bremen: The army and navy are expanded. Bremen remains one of the most important and strategically located ports in all of the country. Being a part of Germany since the middle ages, the port of Bremen has served it loyally and is thus made a full commonwealth of the German nation. The political scene is moderately liberal.
 * Commonwealth of Pearl River: The army and navy are expanded. Pearl River was established as a colonial Borealian outpost hundreds of years ago, and due to its loyalty, is made a full commonwealth in Germany. The political scene is very centrist. Pro-Borealian and Pro-independence movements collapse by 1886 in face of the war, and pro-Bavarian movements rise in their place. Despite the collapse of radical movements, the government of Pearl River graciously accepts Borealian aid and agrees to cover the logistical cost. In 1890, the Federal government allows Pearl River to hold a referendum on the future of its status in the world. Voting, which will be open to both men, and women, provided they are citizens, will consist of one question: What should the political status of Pearl River be after 1891? The following answers are: A commonwealth of Bavaro-Germany; a part of the Remian Republic; a part of Borealia; or Independent. Voting will take place in 1890, while the results will be revealed in 1891.
 * Mexaca continues to industrial growth.
 * Ethiopia: Continues to expand trade into eastern Europe. Slow westernization begins as nobels and merchants begin to adopt the languages of Croatian, Coptic and Greek.
 * Ban Republic of Croatia (Banska Republika Hrvatska): Sewerage systems similar to Ragusan ones are built in major towns of the Archvoivodeship. With growing Ragusan influence, and the beginning of further colonization, the navy expands rapidly using much of the Ragusan expertise. Moreover, with the influx of new resources in form of lumber, labour and metals, the navy begins expanding at a fast rate. More and more ships capable of crossing the Atlantic with ease are built. The Sabor intends to restore the glorious naval culture of the Neretva peoples and plans to do so by expanding the navy. The kravata (tie) is more and more used as an accessory. Trade routes are strengthened and the salt mines around Tuzla are explored as well as the salt industry in Pag and Nin. Using irrigation from the Danube, Sava, Drava, Drina, Cetina, Una, Vrbaš, Kupa, Neretva and other rivers the fields in the kingdom are developed, used for crops such as wheat, rye and barley. With trade routes increasing and Croatia entering an era of peace and of stability, the development of new trade ships is issued. Stone mining is furthered as well as the timber industry. The need for these resources rises as urbanization carries on. Iron ores in Dugopolje, Zenice and at last the 'mud' ore in Vojvodina and Eastern Slavonia are to be exploited alongside the silver and copper ores more frequently and of better quality than the iron ores. The exploitation of iron ores in the Lika and Gorski kotar areas continues. The salt industry in Ston is funded by the government. The influx of resources from Dahomey aids the economy. However, the government makes sure that the gold arriving isn't immediately put on the market in order to control the inflation in the worth of gold. The silver mine in Srebrenica is mined. The administrative reform continues. Kotor Saraka (Adelaide) continues to expand. With the spread of Communism, and the influence of utopian and other ideas, the numerous progressive burghers and nobility of Croatia create the concept of Transitional Communism (a combination of Luxemburgism, Council Communism, Titoism and Socialism) which will serve as a transitional phase until true Communism can be achieved. On a partially related note, the nation is renamed to the Ban Republic of Croatia wit the voting right extended to wealthy citizens as well as the nobility.
 * Županija Dahomey: The natural resources are quickly put to use, such as coconuts, cotton both refined and raw as well as the gold. Finally, the wood industry prospers as materiel is needed for new ships that would help keep the connection between Croatia and Dahomey strong.
 * Isles of the Archvoivodeship (Otoci Nadvojvodstva): The infrastructure is built up.
 * Županija of Hercules Pillars' (Županija Herkulovih Stupova): The županija's pivotal position as a trade nod creates an a sufficite allowing for the economy to expand.
 * Ban Republic of Carantania (Banska Republika Karantanija): Being Alpine Slavic nation, the leaders begin a programme to create a standardized Carantanian language that will reflect on both the Slavic and Alpine (Germanic) aspects of Carantania.
 * Sukadang Županija: Croatization. Expansion onto the other parts of Borneo.
 * Empire of Lanka: The Lankan government focuses on industrialization. Dutch architecture and infrastructure such as canal design continue to influence Lankan culture. The army continues to be one of the most modern in Asia due to Dutch support. The Lankan army stays supplied with up-to-date with the newest rifles, side arms, and artillery. The army maintains Dutch military structure with infantry, cavalry, and artillery. They continue to train in Dutch tactics and warfare. As the populations move to the cities, more and more men are recruited in the Lankan army. The most recent census taken in 1860, accounts for 2,992,224 citizens. Although the expansion of Dutch trade ports in Lanka have stopped, they continue to be in heavy use with expansion of trade in Asia. Significant urbanization causes the cities of Waardige, Sri Jaywardenepura Kotte, Kandy, Kalmunai, and Galle, to be flooded with people. Waardige continues to be a trade, technological and industrial center in Asia. The complex Waardige canal system continues to be used for trade. The Kust Weg continues to be used, mostly for military reasons. The Island Spoorwegmaatschappij (ISW: Island Rail Company) is formed by the government, which begins to use experimental railroads. The first railroad by the company is built in the same path as Kust Weg and is named Kust Spoorweg. Religion in the empire continues to be mixed with the three main religions of Hinduism, Buddhism and Dutch Reformist being worshipped on the main island while there are a few animist natives on Nava Kotte. The previous education reform instituted by Ranjit I continues to be working successfully. The Lankan navy continues to be up-to-date with Dutch-supplied warships and the shared ownership of an ironclad. The provincie system instituted in 1773 is changed to be less feudal and more bureaucratic, which basically turns them into an administrative division. The the title of the head of the provincie is changed from Count to Emperor's Commissioner. The King's Commissioner is also the head of the parliament (provinciale staten) in the provincie. Along with there being provinciale statens, a main parliament is also created. This main parliament will be assembled on the Emperor's command, and is used to decide issues, create public projects, and pass laws for the whole empire. Last year the emperor called the main parliament to discuss the issue of public education and the idea of the creating a constitution. The Emperor and the parliament passed the Compulsory Education Act of 1886, which states that education in Lanka for the ages of five to ten is compulsory. In elementary school the children learn Sinhala and Dutch (Reading and Writing) and basic Mathematics. Also incorporated in this act is an edict against children working over thirteen hours a day. The emperor and parliament also created a constitution that officially set up the bureaucratic system. Last year parliament wanted to start to pursue a policy of faster industrialization, and to do this they passed the Edict of 1888 which abolished the caste system and slavery as well.
 * Empire of Lanka: The Lankan government focuses on industrialization. Dutch architecture and infrastructure such as canal design continue to influence Lankan culture. The army continues to be one of the most modern in Asia due to Dutch support. The Lankan army stays supplied with up-to-date with the newest rifles, side arms, and artillery. The army maintains Dutch military structure with infantry, cavalry, and artillery. They continue to train in Dutch tactics and warfare. As the populations move to the cities, more and more men are recruited in the Lankan army. The most recent census taken in 1860, accounts for 2,992,224 citizens. Although the expansion of Dutch trade ports in Lanka have stopped, they continue to be in heavy use with expansion of trade in Asia. Significant urbanization causes the cities of Waardige, Sri Jaywardenepura Kotte, Kandy, Kalmunai, and Galle, to be flooded with people. Waardige continues to be a trade, technological and industrial center in Asia. The complex Waardige canal system continues to be used for trade. The Kust Weg continues to be used, mostly for military reasons. The Island Spoorwegmaatschappij (ISW: Island Rail Company) is formed by the government, which begins to use experimental railroads. The first railroad by the company is built in the same path as Kust Weg and is named Kust Spoorweg. Religion in the empire continues to be mixed with the three main religions of Hinduism, Buddhism and Dutch Reformist being worshipped on the main island while there are a few animist natives on Nava Kotte. The previous education reform instituted by Ranjit I continues to be working successfully. The Lankan navy continues to be up-to-date with Dutch-supplied warships and the shared ownership of an ironclad. The provincie system instituted in 1773 is changed to be less feudal and more bureaucratic, which basically turns them into an administrative division. The the title of the head of the provincie is changed from Count to Emperor's Commissioner. The King's Commissioner is also the head of the parliament (provinciale staten) in the provincie. Along with there being provinciale statens, a main parliament is also created. This main parliament will be assembled on the Emperor's command, and is used to decide issues, create public projects, and pass laws for the whole empire. Last year the emperor called the main parliament to discuss the issue of public education and the idea of the creating a constitution. The Emperor and the parliament passed the Compulsory Education Act of 1886, which states that education in Lanka for the ages of five to ten is compulsory. In elementary school the children learn Sinhala and Dutch (Reading and Writing) and basic Mathematics. Also incorporated in this act is an edict against children working over thirteen hours a day. The emperor and parliament also created a constitution that officially set up the bureaucratic system. Last year parliament wanted to start to pursue a policy of faster industrialization, and to do this they passed the Edict of 1888 which abolished the caste system and slavery as well.


 * In the Grand Union (Pskov), the GDP rises along with average wages. The Inter-Republic Road network is expanded. The Science and technology aspect of Pskov is not overlooked either. As prosperity in the nation increases, the amount of money and new people investing in institutions of higher learning. As such, the various schools that existed in Nizhegorodsk-Na-Narve unite and form the "University of Nizhegorodsk", beginning a rivalry between it and Pskov. The Pskovians want to encourage emigration from Russia, and are somewhat more successful with the Muscovite serfs, who can move around freely with their landlord's consent. This puts many issues with the leadership of Novgorod and Muscovy, who think Pskov is just looking for a fight. The ruble is becoming more and more used and is becoming the unofficial currency of Russia. The idea of currency reform, to reform it to a decimal system is put out, in order to simplify much trade (even though it is already simple enough with multiples of 20). Zlatobrezhie becomes wealthier and wealthier as more people get used to over one hundred years of Pskovian governance. A side-loading rifle is introduced to the armed forces. A rapid-fire firearm is invented with a rotating multiple barrels, crank-powered (OTL Gatling gun) by Genrik Uzvards, a Latvian. It is subsequently named the Uzvard Gun, and several are commissioned by the government. Meanwhile, an attempt at making an electrically-powered light source are now common amongst the science community, and a reward of 10,000 zolotniks is offered to the first to give the Pskov Academy of Sciences a working, feasible prototype. The Conservatives set up another "International Slavic Congress", and invites representatives from all slavic nations to join a celebration of traditions that unite all slavs in Pskov. Last year's election results are as follows: The Grand Union looks to the east with despair. The Government officially refuses to recognize the Socialist Republic, and decides to advance some forces in, promising asylum to all current residents. Many flee in the coming months, the Grand Union sends agents into Russia for the smuggling of human refugees fleeing the "red terror". Fortifications are built along the demilitarized zone, and some schools begin to "black out" captured areas on maps, calling them the "occupied territories". The first election since 1880 is held this year, with the Liberal government and the now-rebranded New Democratic Party competing against one another, and using the fact that their government defended the nation against the Communists, with the NDP condemning what they see as "false socialism" in the bordering Communist nations. The Opposition, the Christian Social Union and National-Conservative Parties attempt to associate the cause of the war to the Liberal-New Socialist coalition. The Agrarian Party gains much support in Belarus, which suffered the most in the war, because they are a party that voted against a war that lost them a lot of territory, and many voters their homes(due to mass evacuations with pending Communist advances). Because of votes being split between the Christians and the Conservatives, and the great animosity between those two parties, and the voting system(esentially a series of run-off elections until one person gets more than 50%). In the end of the campaign, the United Liberals and New Democrats barely manage to scratch an unsafe minority coalition government with the support of the unaligned members. The Communist party failed to gain even a single deputee (with many candidatges being disqualified for dubious reasons, leading to mass Communist boycotts of the election, leading to no representation). The final results are as follows: A Government is formed by the United Liberal Party, controlling 328 seats, and the New Democratic Party, controlling 91 seats. The Opposition is represented in an official capacity by the Christian Social Union, controlling 201 seats. The Government is also opposed by the National Conservative Party, controlling 115 setas, the Agrarian Party, controling 51 seats, the Lithuanian Nationalist Union, controlling 42 setas, the Latvian National Democratic Coalition, controlling 26 seats, and the Industrialist faction, loosely represented by 24 seats. 89 members sit without allegiance, and 33 seats are vacant. One of the first acts of this government is to send out envoys to Spain, Rome and both Germanies in order to discuss the possibility of an alliance in order to "defend and fight the forces of extremism"
 * Duchy of Oldenburg:' Our diplomats in Bavaria continue to hammer out the principles of German Unification. One last warship is sent to Algonquia persuant of the treaty, economy expands.
 * Imperial Japan: The book On The Hamburgian War is published and it chronicles the events of the Hamburgian War, the first modern war Japan has entered. It also writes down the strategies and taticts of the war. Thus, military academies pop up and use the book as a guide and many young men are enlisted to the Imperial Japanese Military and massive military build up happens. We declare war on the Tartary by joining on the side of Russia and the Caliphate and send 30,000 soldiers to the Tartary. The 10,000 soldiers from the Hamburgian War return home in victory and are hailed as national Japanese heroes and there is a massive parade as a result of the victory and those who lived and died hold the highest honors in Japan, and shall forever go down in Japanese history as heroes. As a result of this victory, there is a surge of Japanese nationalism across the empire, for the tradition of both Japanese honor to our allies and Japanese militarism has resulted in the unification of the Phillipines under Japanese rule, the fuffilliment of our debt to Borelia, and a new friend, our former enemy Hamburg. These positive results ensure that the Japanese way is the best way, and we continue our militarism. While the war increased the build up of our industry, it also negatively effected the economy. As such, we continue to fund our military and work on our economy. In order to build up our economy, we propose a trade pact with all the participants of the Great Hamburgian War. We also send emergency aid to those afflicted by the tsunami in China by giving them food, water, and shelter. We begin rebuilding our military and expand our Papau territories.


 * ​Japanese Manchuria: In order to fuel our modernization of the mainland, mines are built on a massive scale in Japanese Manchuria as well as farms to grow food for the mainland. We encourage young Japanese males to immigrate to the sparsely populated Manchuria to build it up and we reward them large plots of land. Ports are also built up as well as railroads to link the mining and farming. Factories also pop up as well as schools and hospitals. We heavily invest in industrializing Japanese Manchuria. Econ/mil turn./
 * Japanese Formosa: We invest in Formosa by implementing a massive railroad construction program as well as port construction to further the transportation of Formosa. We implement a program of both industry and agriculture in Formosa, with the industry being for Japan and the agriculture being for Formosa. We also make massive public education reform in Formosa. Industry also speeds up as a result of the wartime economy. Econ/mil turn. ' 
 * Japanese Shanghai: We industrialize Shanghai and upgrade its port and infrastructure, including education. We have Shanghai specialize in shipbuilding and trading, making it a hub for trade in East Asia. We rapidly increase port building to make this city a hub for trade.
 * Northern Philippines: We welcome the former French Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy.
 * Southern Philippines: We welcome the former Hamburgian Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. 
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue to expand industry as a way to repair the economy after the end of the war. More and more people move to the city from the country in pursuit of jobs.

1891
''' The Czech people take up arms against their new, pro-Communist government after the government enacted anti-Communist laws just a single year before, resulting in the death of a signifigant group of Czech population. (Popular Revolt) '''

''' Many non-Communist Slavs appeal to the Slavic league, imploring the league to at least address the rapid expansion of Communism within the league itself. '''

 Tensions rise amongst shipping lanes in the Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Baltic, between Communist and non-Communist aligned ships, 

- Posting events for MP. -Cookie


 * Indian Empire: Queen Nur Jehan was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 318,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented with ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of Bengal, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones. The Queen of India gives moral support to the Caliphate in the war against the Tatar infidels. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 60.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 45.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Punjab's exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 36.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagar's exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well. Vijaynagar requests the Roman Empire to return the city of Chennai to its rightful owners, Vijaynagar.
 * United German Kingdoms: New Mecklenburg in Australia expands by 750 px. UGK athletes make plans to attend the first modern Olympiad in Sparta next year. The government also begins putting together a plan to propose that the City of Hamburg host the 1900 Olympics. When word of the Czech rebellion reaches Hamburg, citizens cheered in the streets glad to see that people will not stand for being oppressed by Communism. The UGK begins funding underground anti-Communist resistance movements, particularly both pro-democratic and royalist supporters. Communists back home in the UGK fare poorly, with speakers sent from France or Poland dragged off their podiums by angry mobs, the lucky one get away with broken bones, the unlucky ones are found lynched from street lights and telegram/telephone poles to chants of "Go home, Communists!" from the angry mod in question. In light of rising tensions in the shipping lanes, a ship or two is assigned to a merchant convoy as an escort, just in case a Communist gets a little over-aggressive.


 * People's Republic of Poland: After the sudden turn of the war in favour of Silesia with the entrance of Croatia, Foreign Minister Dubanowski offers a peace treaty sending reparations to Silesia and Croatia for any costs caused by the war. The Foreign Minister is surprised by the rebellion in Czechia and the 600,000 troops now open after the end of the recent war are sent to help the government. He also continues funding and promoting peaceful Communist organizations in Silesia, Slovakia, Croatia, Romania, Transylvania, Pskov, and Ruthenia. General Secretary Sokoloff is outraged by the rebellion in Czechia, but continues implementation of his Ten Year Plan, now on its fourth year, with partial collectivization almost complete throughout the nation. The increased food and other resource outputs from the new reforms have led increased production in factories in the country as well.
 * Croatia: Accepts the peace treaty.
 * Silesia Also accepts the peace treaty.


 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist, Neo-Confucian and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Monarch Heonjong continues to plan new reforms for Korea and continues investing heavily in technology and science. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Heonjong writes up a constitution, and soon Korea turns into a Constitutional Monarchy. Monarch Heonjong also reforms the government, and creates a Parliament and a Prime Minister position. Elections start up near the end of the year for the Prime Minister position and results will be in next year.
 * BoraliaFlag.png Union of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Radios become commonplace for media communication, although this year the first full full-length movie is released, All's Quiet on the Visayas. New Munich becomes the first city partially run on electrical power. As scientists explore mechanisms at smaller levels, it is theorized that all matter behaves like a particle and wave. Machine guns continue to improve with Andean supplies. Fatalities in surgeries are drastically reduced with modern medicine. Automobiles completely replace travel by horse. Submarines begin to be built for the purpose of breaking through northern ice caps. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast. A new port is built on the north coast of Borealia with the purpose of accessing the Atlantic Ocean, and expeditions farther north continue. Intense training is made among the best athletic programs in Neuosterriech in preparation for the Olympic Games.
 * The Territory of Australia: The ports continue to be expanded and the new city of Dandiri is built on the Pacific Coast. As more businesses are taken up by Muslim natives, the German colonists begin migrating to the new communities farther inland. Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. An irrigation program continues to be designed, with the hopes of aiding settlements in the outback. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry.
 * The Borealian Maritime Territory: Naval bases continue to be built to enforce claims on several islands (OTL Marshall Islands, Nauru and Micronesia). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Moving farther east, the Borealian navy lays claim to a few additional islands (OTL Mariana Islands, Guam and Palau).
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue to expand industry as a way to repair the economy after the end of the war. More and more people move to the city from the country in pursuit of jobs.
 * France: Our military continues to smash through Breton defenses, as we begin to send more troops to fight there. Meanwhile, we hereby condemn the Czech people for their rebellion, and we immediately begin a military buildup on the Bavaro-French border. This is used as a move to keep the Bavaro-Germans in check, and our forces are ready to fire against the Roman Navy on the Mediterranean. Meanwhile, we begin to use our agents as part of a rescue operation to liberate Communists in Bavaro-Germany, (RNG as to whether success or failure), and this is used as part of a bigger plan to install pro-Communist governments. We continue funding Communists in Lombardy and the Netherlands, and begin instigating Communist rebellions in Spain as well. Meanwhile, the Ten-Year Plan to rebuild France continues its implementation, and with the People's Entente losing a potential member, we decide to ask for interference on Poland and Russia's behalf against Czechia in order to protect the Communist government there. In local news, we begin industrialize our economy, and providing new technologies to the French people.
 * Bavaro-German Dip: In order to divert conflict, the Bavarian government is willing to release and/or extrade Communist leaders currently imprisoned in our country. Communist leaders may live in France or, if we are willing, continue to live and work in Bavaria. However, any Communist person, whether native Bavarian or French, must not instigate rebellion or a coup. We look kindly upon political protest and free speech, but we draw a clear line between free speech and agitation.
 * Imperial Japan: After the Emperor has expressed his desire to spread the greatness of modern Japan to the rest of Asia he and his close advisors met on how to do this. During this time, the Emperor found out that he was a direct descendant of the Chinese Emperor Xu Fu, as various sources state that he died in Japan and he started the Japanese Royal Lineage. In light of this information, pamphlets are published stating how Emperor of Japan is a direct descendant of Emperor Xu Fu, as well as how great the standard of living is of modern Imperial Japan in comparison to the Shun Dynasty, thus the only logical conclusion is that the Emperor of Japan has the true Mandate of Heaven. The pamphlets are distributed via the various Japanese ports on mainland China. The book On The Hamburgian War is published and it chronicles the events of the Hamburgian War, the first modern war Japan has entered. It also writes down the strategies and taticts of the war. Thus, military academies pop up and use the book as a guide and many young men are enlisted to the Imperial Japanese military and massive military build up happens. We declare war on the Tartary by joining on the side of Russia and the Caliphate and send 30,000 soldiers to the Tartary. The 10,000 soldiers from the Hamburgian War return home in victory and are hailed as national Japanese heroes and there is a massive parade as a result of the victory and those who lived and died hold the highest honors in Japan, and shall forever go down in Japanese history as heroes. As a result of this victory, there is a surge of Japanese nationalism across the empire, for the tradition of both Japanese honor to our allies and Japanese militarism has resulted in the unification of the Philippines under Japanese rule, the fulfillment of our debt to Borelia, and a new friend, our former enemy Hamburg. These positive results ensure that the Japanese way is the best way, and we continue our militarism. While the war increased the build up of our industry, it also negatively effected the economy. As such, we continue to fund our military and work on our economy. In order to build up our economy, we propose a trade pact with all the participants of the Great Hamburgian War. We also send emergency aid to those afflicted by the tsunami in China by giving them food, water, and shelter. We begin rebuilding our military and expand our Papau territories.
 * ​Japanese Manchuria: In order to fuel our modernization of the mainland, mines are built on a massive scale in Japanese Manchuria as well as farms to grow food for the mainland. We encourage young Japanese males to immigrate to the sparsely populated Manchuria to build it up and we reward them large plots of land. Ports are also built up as well as railroads to link the mining and farming. Factories also pop up as well as schools and hospitals. We heavily invest in industrializing Japanese Manchuria. Econ/mil turn./
 * Japanese Formosa: We invest in Formosa by implementing a massive railroad construction program as well as port construction to further the transportation of Formosa. We implement a program of both industry and agriculture in Formosa, with the industry being for Japan and the agriculture being for Formosa. We also make massive public education reform in Formosa. Industry also speeds up as a result of the wartime economy. Econ/mil turn. ' 
 * Japanese Shanghai: We industrialize Shanghai and upgrade its port and infrastructure, including education. We have Shanghai specialize in shipbuilding and trading, making it a hub for trade in East Asia. We rapidly increase port building to make this city a hub for trade.
 * Northern Philippines: We welcome the former French Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy.
 * Southern Philippines: We welcome the former Hamburgian Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy.
 * Czechia: We continue to build up our military. The building of a railroad throughout the nation continues. Factories continue to make railroad tracks. Our local railroads now attach to the European railroads that are being made. Many factories hire both men and women. The farming industry is still the biggest industry of the nation. Our border control team now allows anyone into the nation. most people that come into our nation are people from the west that are Communists that do not fit in with western nations. With many revolts happening around the nation our Voivode Viktor Havel makes many speeches telling the people to calm down and go back to what you were doing. About 500 people die in these revolts. The military arrests about one hundred revolt leaders. After the major revolts happen in our nation, things go back to normal.
 * Mexaca: Continues recovering from the war, and workers rights groups begin springing up. As industrial work continues to modernize the nation, workers rights groups form the Socalist Party, which quickly gains support. Many feel that elections should be held, and it is decided that they will be held next year.
 * Algonquia: continues to recover from the recent conflicts. Algonquia's navy continues to grow, a new battleship being commissioned this year, with ironclads perceived as increasingly outdated. Uzvards guns come into wide use in the army. Trade continues to grow, with newly open markets providing large amounts of wealth. A colony is founded on Kitlineq to bring more of the Arctic under Algonquian sovereignty, and expands along the coast, bringing Inuit bands under the Algonquian government. With Algonquia needing settlers for the prairies willing to farm, it begins offering free land to anyone willing to settle in the prairies, resulting in a rush for land. Algonquian emissaries advertise this in Central and Eastern Europe, notably in Carpathia, Czechia, Vlachia, Ruthenia, and Silesia, as well as in China. Tens of thousands of peasants, fleeing conflict-torn regions with serfdom often still in place, emigrate to Algonquia. Tensions begin to rise with the Netherlands over its mistreatment of the native Beothuk population. Internal tensions also rise between landowners and industrialists and the socialist government. The government subsidizes merchant ship owners to arm their ships in order to defend themselves against attacks in the Atlantic. Algonquian merchants reach Japan this year for the first time, and request a trade deal with Japan.
 * Sahtudene: Expands 5000 km along the Arctic Coast. Charting of the Northwest Passage continues, with an expedition finally reaching the Pacific in June this year. The railway linking Tuktoyaktuk with the south is completed, making it finally possible for large-scale Algonquian commerce with the Pacific to begin.
 * Lukaian: Continues to re-inforce its Prussian and Livonian national identity, with the former national languages being revived, align with native Lucayan. Russian continue to emigrate back to Pskov or to Russia, while some Algonquians arrive. A local militia of 8000, plus a larger Algonquian garrison, is created. Large quantities of tea, coffee, sugar and rubber are grown to feed Algonquia's industrial sector.
 * Imperial Japanese Dip: We accept the trade deal with Algonquia.
 * Emeraldie: New construction starts on the nation's ports, farms and mines to increase the nation's exports and economic strength. The new royal palace is complete and the king makes a speak on how Emeraldie is the true successor of France and promises the people a grand and prosperous future. The government enacts several new policies designed to encourage the industrialisation of the nation. We expand 500 px into the continents interior.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories:  The first colonists and missionaries arrive in the region after the Emeraldian government portrays the territories as a lush tropical paradise. A naval base begins construction in Tahiti.
 * ​Emeraldie Dip: We request acceptance into the Olympic games as the sole representative of the French people.
 * Morocco: The Kingdom of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 100,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 8.8 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 76,000 soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships and 14 frigates. The nation expands by 1000 px per year to keep it stronger and independent, with a few new cities are built, roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer schools, museums, colleges and more houses and mining planets are built. The mining plants produces materials coal and iron, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. A few docks and mosques are built. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and one new railway line are opened in service. Ten of 14 wooden frigates are upgraded to armored iron frigates built by Moroccan harbors in Essaouira and Safi. Sultan Aslal I continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. Morocco request the glorious and powerful nations, Roman Empire and France, for alliance and trade agreement.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures towards Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself towards the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry, and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. To help expand said alliance, the Roman Empire formally asks its newfound puppet state the Tatar Empire and its neighbor Vlachia to join the military alliance to help consolidate eastern European protection against the Communist threat. (Mod response, please). The Roman Empire accepts the trade agreement of Morocco but turns down a formal alliance.
 * Accepted
 * Africa: The new Exarchate of Africa is formed to help rebuilt the region after the Roman intervention. Roman engineers and industrialists move in to help repair the infrastructure and get basic services back in motion. Telephone lines are laid, ports repaired, and railroads set back into motion. The Roman Empire also rebuilds many of the fortifications damaged in the intervention, to help protect the region now under Roman control. Fortifications soon ring the capital of Carthage and other major cities like Hippona, Oea, and Cirta. People with Berber or French heritage are brought in to aid in local administration and build up a sense of trust with the locals. Roman military officers begin training a dedicated and loyal militia forces to help the Roman forces in policing the territory. Expansion to the south in pursuit of trade begins in earnest.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Reme continues its current expansion into the native dark-grey clusterfuck, expanding another 150 pixels into it. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started to be worked on.
 * In the Grand Union (Pskov), the GDP rises along with average wages. The Inter-Republic Road network is expanded. The Science and technology aspect of Pskov is not overlooked either. As prosperity in the nation increases, the amount of money and new people investing in institutions of higher learning. As such, the various schools that existed in Nizhegorodsk-Na-Narve unite and form the "University of Nizhegorodsk", beginning a rivalry between it and Pskov. The idea of currency reform, to reform it to a decimal system is put out, in order to simplify much trade (even though it is already simple enough with multiples of 20). Zlatobrezhie becomes wealthier and wealthier as more people get used to over one hundred years of Pskovian governance. The first practical recoil-operated machine gun is developed by Emilian Glinka, nicknamed the Glinka gun. This new weapon's designs are purchased by the government, and Glinka is given a government contract to produce them. The Uzvards firearms corporation, responsible for the first generation of repeating weapons, singns a merger, and the Glinka-Uzvards Firearms Co. is born. Their first model, the GUMG-91, is produced in bulk for the national army, replacing the much older Uzvards models. Meanwhile, a joint effor by the Universities of Pskov and Nizhegorodsk build the technology for the first hydroelectric dam, at the river Narva's headwaters. This produces a lot of alternating current, which is soon used to electrify the cities of Nizhegorodsk-Na-Narve and Narva. Plans to build mroe electric power stations are conceived, and some rivers are selected, especially where Lake Peipus joins Lake Pskov, the hydroelectric dam which is 75% complete. The Conservatives set up another "International Slavic Congress", and invites representatives from all slavic nations to join a celebration of traditions that unite all slavs in Pskov. Last year's election results are as follows: The Grand Union looks to the east with despair. The Government officially refuses to recognize the Socialist Republic, and decides to advance some forces in, promising asylum to all current residents. Many flee in the coming months, the Grand Union sends agents into Russia for the smuggling of human refugees fleeing the "red terror". Many more Communists are lynched in the streets, with "traitors" carved into their now-naked bodies. The authorities once again condemn "barbarism" but do little to punish people. Fortifications are built along the demilitarized zone, and some schools begin to "black out" captured areas on maps, calling them the "occupied territories". The Border with Russia is strengthened along the demilitarized zone, which is quickly becoming, quite ironically, one of the most militarized zones in the world (due to lots of "you put one unit, I put two" mentality on both sides). The first commercial airship is launched by Wealthy entrepreneur Grigori Jacobeit, a Prussian Lithuanian. The government takes note, and wonders if they can use this in war ... The Pskovians sends some money to the anti-Communist revolters in czechia in secret. Underground movements are secretly funded in Russia, especialy around Novgorod.


 * Andea: Military begins to downsize, from 675,000 to 600,000. The Hesperia First party continues to grow. The military draft is met with mixed reactions, with many seeing it as a positive though many also comment that it increases the power and influence of the military. The industrial expansion slows, creating a minor panic in Andea. The normalization of Relations with Germany leads to increased trade, and an increased desire with bi-lateral relations with the UGK, seeing them as a good counter for Communist France. Population hits 45 million this year, with most of them being Quechua-Spanish Meztizos. Quechua remains the first language for most of the nation's residents. The government passes the Torrez-Sanchez Act, dictating election reforms, laws of succession for the president, and laws regarding running mates. Starting in the 1888 election, all presidents will pick their own vice president. Despite the ongoing war, the National Party remains popular in the countrysides of both Peru and the Amazon, though many major cities see the rise of the Hesperia First Reactionary Party. With the ongoing turmoil in Europe, both in the German wars and the Spanish wars, Andea increases the number of visas the government is able to administer. Average yearly wage sees a slight decrease from 486 Reals to 484 Reals, while the number of days a worker works a year increases from 355 to 356. Average work day remains at 11 hours. The tariff is raised to sponsor the rise of domestic industry, though this is unpopular in the rural areas of Apeac and the Amazon. The income tax remains set at 10% on those making more than 500 Reals and 5% for those making more than 300 reals. The average price of land remains 50 cents per acre, a 5% increase from 1850. With the Re-Admittance of Vorylaycor coming next year, the federal government ends the occupation. The federal government issues a formal apology for the burning of North Eastern Nov Xoyron, and spends considerable funds to reconstruct the city.
 * Indian Diplomacy: We're willing to sell cotton to Andea for 50% of the price that Reme sells, in return for the Maxim gun.
 * Osean Confederation: With the outbreak of war, the nation rapidly develops its industry and military to fit the need for war. Railroads are bulit up to allow the quick transfer of natural resources and industrial goods. The nation offically adopts conscription, raising a military of 150,000 men. Population stands at ten million, with the largest republic in the confederation being North Osea, with a popualtion of 1.3 Million people. Average yearly wage increases to 380 reals. Average work day remains at ten hours. The nation remains mostly Spanish in culture, though Quechua remains the most spoken language (though not the widest used or largest first language) with 66% of the population being able to speak Quechua, as opposed to 59% being able to speak Spanish. As stated, Spanish is still the most used langue and 48% of Oseans listing Spanish as their first language (as opposed to 36% listing Quechua as their first language). One thing of note regarding the lingustics of Osea is the dialect or diction of Spanish and Quechua. While Quechua in Andea and Osea is the same language, Quechua has Latin style pronunciation as opposed to traditional Quechua, while the areas once held by the British have a Germanic Influence on them. Spanish sees a similar development, with the larger, more traditionally Spanish republics using a high, traditonal diction as opposed to areas such as Paraguay, Santiago and Cordoba which have lower diction, noticeably different from that of Europeans.
 * Patagonia: Patagonia continues to recover from its occupation by the once stagnant British Empire. The nation Patagonia has three republics that will be admitted to Osea over the course of the next ten years. The first is the Republic of South Argentina, with one million people, to be admitted next year. The second is the Republic of Patagonia, with a population of 600,000. The third is the Republic of New Spain, with a population of 240,000.
 * Ban Republic of Croatia (Banska Republika Hrvatska): Sewerage systems similar to Ragusan ones are built in major towns of the Archvoivodeship. With growing Ragusan influence, and the beginning of further colonization, the navy expands rapidly using much of the Ragusan expertise. Moreover, with the influx of new resources in form of lumber, labour and metals, the navy begins expanding at a fast rate. More and more ships capable of crossing the Atlantic with ease are built. The Sabor intends to restore the glorious naval culture of the Neretva peoples and plans to do so by expanding the navy. The kravata (tie) is more and more used as an accessory. Trade routes are strengthened and the salt mines around Tuzla are explored as well as the salt industry in Pag and Nin. Using irrigation from the Danube, Sava, Drava, Drina, Cetina, Una, Vrbaš, Kupa, Neretva and other rivers the fields in the kingdom are developed, used for crops such as wheat, rye and barley. With trade routes increasing and Croatia entering an era of peace and of stability, the development of new trade ships is issued. Stone mining is furthered as well as the timber industry. The need for these resources rises as urbanization carries on. Iron ores in Dugopolje, Zenice and at last the 'mud' ore in Vojvodina and Eastern Slavonia are to be exploited alongside the silver and copper ores more frequently and of better quality than the iron ores. The exploitation of iron ores in the Lika and Gorski kotar areas continues. The salt industry in Ston is funded by the government. The influx of resources from Dahomey aids the economy. However, the government makes sure that the gold arriving isn't immediately put on the market in order to control the inflation in the worth of gold. The silver mine in Srebrenica is mined. The administrative reform continues. Kotor Saraka (Adelaide) continues to expand. The Transitional Communist-led government heeds the call of the Slavs in need, and calls for a meeting of the non-Communist members of the Slavic League to discuss the future of said League.
 * Županija Dahomey: The natural resources are quickly put to use, such as coconuts, cotton both refined and raw as well as the gold. Finally, the wood industry prospers as materiel is needed for new ships that would help keep the connection between Croatia and Dahomey strong.
 * Isles of the Archvoivodeship (Otoci Nadvojvodstva): The infrastructure is built up.
 * Županija of Hercules Pillars' (Županija Herkulovih Stupova): The županija's pivotal position as a trade nod creates an a sufficite allowing for the economy to expand.
 * Ban Republic of Carantania (Banska Republika Karantanija): Being Alpine Slavic nation, the leaders begin a programme to create a standardized Carantanian language that will reflect on both the Slavic and Alpine (Germanic) aspects of Carantania.
 * Sukadang Županija: Croatization. Expansion onto the other parts of Borneo.
 * In Silesia, the war against Poland and Czechia takes a quick turn for the better as Czechia breaks out into civil war and Poland surrenders and offers massive reparations. This success early on in the year paves the way for a final battle near Uostrawa, in which the Czech Communists are defeated. While there, Voivode Patryk Waldau issues the Declaration of Uostrawa which liberalizes the Voivodeship significantly by giving the Sabor control over almost all domestic affairs. The Ban then uses his new authority to conduct a major purge of Communists, claiming that they are traitors that supported the Poles and Czechs during the recent conflict. This culminates on one day in late summer, at which time the military storms dozens of municipal precinct headquarters of the Communist Party, seizing the property and murdering hundreds of party members acting on warrants. As the war ends, the economy sees large reparation-fueled cash infusions, creating new factories and reinforcing the rail system.
 * Empire of Lanka: The Lankan government focuses on industrialization. This year the parliaemnt meets and discusses a plan on Lankan industrialization. With approval from the Emperor, the parliament passes the Edict of 1891. The first action the edict does is it separates the Empire of Lanka from the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The parliament feels that the Treaty of Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is greatly restricting the Lankan government. Specifically the terms that constrict trade with certain nations and require the Lankan government to give a percentage of raw or valuable resources to the Dutch. They cite the Fourth Term of Article Four in the treaty that states: " This Treaty shall remain in full force and effect until nullification is declared by either party and recognized by the other party". In this instance the Lankan government is declaring nullification, and respects that the Dutch government shall recognize the separation, especially since the relationship has grown distant over the three hundred years.  The second action the edict does is ratifies The Waardige Accord, which basically guarantees Bavaro-German protection of the Lankan Empire, and gives funding for the industrialization of Lanka from many modern states. Also signed this year is the Treaty of Kolkata in which the empire cedes the territory of Nagapattinam to the Indian Empire for money, a non-aggression pact, and Indian funding of Lankan industrialization for twenty-five years. Dutch architecture, arts, and culture have had a permanent effect on Lankan culture, although Lankan culture still remains with its own identity. The army remains one of the most modern in Asia due to the permanent result of European military from the Dutch throughout the protectoratecy.  As the populations move to the cities, more and more men are recruited in the Lankan army. The most recent census taken in 1860, accounts for 2,992,224 citizens. The trade ports on the island remain in heavy use with expansion of trade in Asia.  Significant urbanization causes the cities of Waardige, Sri Jaywardenepura Kotte, Kandy, Kalmunai, and Galle, to be flooded with people. Waardige continues to be a trade, technological and industrial center in Asia.  The complex Waardige canal system sees fall in use as more and more it becomes outdated due to changes in ships. The Kust Weg continues to be used, mostly for military reasons. The Island Spoorwegmaatschappij (ISW: Island Rail Company) is formed by the government, which begins to use experimental railroads.   The first railroad by the company is built in the same path as Kust Weg and is named Kust Spoorweg. Religion in the empire continues to be mixed with the three main religions of Hinduism, Buddhism and Dutch Reformist being worshipped on the main island while there are a few animist natives on Nava Kotte. The Lankan navy still holds warships that were supplied during the protectoratecy. The provincie system instituted in 1773 is changed to be less feudal and more bureaucratic, which basically turns them into an administrative division. The the title of the head of the provincie is changed from Count to Emperor's Commissioner. The King's Commissioner is also the head of the parliament (provinciale staten) in the provincie. Along with there being provinciale statens, a main parliament is also created. This main parliament will be assembled on the Emperor's command, and is used to decide issues, create public projects, and pass laws for the whole empire. Last year the emperor called the main parliament to discuss the issue of public education and the idea of the creating a constitution. The Emperor and the parliament passed the Compulsory Education Act of 1886, which states that education in Lanka for the ages of five to ten is compulsory. In elementary school the children learn Sinhala and Dutch (Reading and Writing) and basic Mathematics. Also incorporated in this act is an edict against children working over thirteen hours a day. The emperor and parliament also created a constitution that officially set up the bureaucratic system. Last year parliament wanted to start to pursue a policy of faster industrialization, and to do this they passed the Edict of 1888  which abolished the caste system and slavery as well. Lankan industrial funding is used to build factories in the capital first, and then creating factiories across major cities in the empire. Minor flag changes are made.

Brazil:''' After a brief economic recession, in large part blamed on the seemingly inactive republic in place, a military coup is launched by Pedro Braganza, a wealthy landowner and general, as well as a relative of the Portuguese royal family. A new constitution is created in which the rights and abilities of the General Assembly are preserved. The assembly becomes more inclusive and open, and creates legislative, moderating, executive and judicial branches within the many regions of the nation. Many democratic policies from before the coup are preserved, such as elections and regional governors. Pedro Braganza is crowned Emperor of Brazil, and uses the military to ensure a swift transition in government. In order to preserve the nation’s political ties and foreign relations, the emperor signs all existing treaties and agreements, including alliances with Emeraldie and Peru. The military begins heavy improvement and training under Emperor Pedro, who sets out to create a modern fighting force. Pedro’s son-in-law, Gaston d’Valois-Arc, married to Pedro’s daughter Maria, is appointed head general of the Brazilian Army. Additionally the British born officer, Henry Bartle Frere, is appointed to a leading position in the military, after being attracted to Brazil from Great Britain. The rapid buildup of military competence and preparedness helps bring the nation out of recession, as weapon manufacturers and other war related industries are subsidized and improved by the government. Pedro also takes a deep interest in naval warfare, and orders the creation of several drydocks and shipyards in Brazil’s major port cities. Hoping to become a strong naval contender on the continent, the navy begins heavy repairs, which at this point only includes a number of small coast-defense vessels. José Paranhos, the Empire of Brazil’s first foreign minister advocates for a complete naval overhaul, believing that in order to compete on the international level Brazil must possess a strong navy. A law is passed authorizing major construction of Brazilian vessels, totalling three small battleships, three armored cruisers, six destroyers, twelve torpedo boats, three submarines, a collier, and a training ship. We begin working with the British to help design these new ships, and also ask Reme and Peru for assistance in upgrading our nation’s navy. Seeking to take advantage of a recent rubber boom in the Amazon region, as well begin exploiting other natural resources in the region, a wave of rubber tappers and other settlers began expanding to the direct northwest of our nation. The city of Belém becomes an important port in the north of our nation, as the last stop in this rubber exporting industry, and the government expands the city as much as possible to take advantage of this increase. Unorganized settlers follow the River Amazon farther inland, often overlapping with Dutch settlers, creating tension along the border with Guianas. We ask the Guianas Colonial Government and the Kingdom of the Netherlands if we can purchase a section of their southern territory, which is largely undeveloped and unsettled by Dutch citizens, near OTL Manaus. A number of settlements prop up in this region, some limited by the Dutch borders. Many Pardos and Afro-Brazilians, in some areas marginalized by the ruling Portuguese class, began moving increasingly westward. João da Cruz e Sousa, an Afro-Brazilian leader, begins calling for a migration from the white dominated east, leading to the so called “Great Trek”. The trekkers, known as Seringueiros, settle many tributaries of the River Amazon in the north, but also to some degree directly west of the nation, near the Peruvian border. Major settlements include Porto Velho in the west and Manacapuru in the north. There are some Seringueiros who advocate for independent nation states in the region, and are particularly hostile to Dutch traders on the River Amazon. After conflict erupts between native and Dutch ships on the Amazon, the government begins to step in to preserve the region’s trade routes. Nilo Peçanha, a Pardo himself, is appointed governor of a colonial government, named Amazonas, encompassing in theory all these newly formed settlements. Each town however remains some degree of autonomy, limiting government power in the region. Economically the central government retains complete control over the region, as it controls the major ports and industrial equipment, forcing these cities to work together with Peçanha’s government. This turn is dedicated to military and/or economy.'''
 *  ​Lankan Diplomacy:   The Empire requests a nation from the Waardige Accord to sell Lanka ironclads and fit a Lankan port for the manufacture of ironclads. Bavaro-Germany accepted.
 * The Caliphate: Drastically tries to develop military and the economy of the nation. We begin to construct the nation to its previous extent and glory. With the agreement with Rome, we begin to ease tensions with our previous enemy. Also, with the ownership of the entire Persian Gulf, we dominate trade in the region. We improve Mecca every year, donating a significant part of our treasury to the Holy City. A significant number of ships are built for our fleet. We resume to improve cities and establish the capital of the Caliphate as Baghdad, as for diplomatic reason, Mecca is impractical. We also start to press claims on Tartary-owned Persia and Central Asia. The Caliphate: with the war, we try to maintain our economy at a minimum. We begin to construct the nation to its previous extent and glory. With the agreement with Rome, we begin to ease tensions with our previous enemy. Also, with the ownership of the entire Persian Gulf, we dominate trade in the region. We improve Mecca every year, donating a significant part of our treasury to the Holy City. A significant number of ships are built for our fleet. We resume to improve cities and establish the capital of the Caliphate as Baghdad, as for diplomatic reason, Mecca is impractical. We also start to press claims on Tartary-owned Persia and Central Asia. We welcome and accept all trade proposals. Caliph Malik incorporates the old system of Shura, democratically electing the new Caliph after the current one those, however, with a little modification: Caliphs can be only elected from one of four houses, all of them requiring to claim to come from Prophet Muhammad: House Hashemite, House Abbasid, House Fatimid, and the Alids or House of Ali, to please the Shias living in the realm. With the last year of the conference taking place in Baghdad; several theological issues are resolved, with both sides accepting defeat. However, the conference is required to be extended to resolve the remaining issues. At the end of the year Caliph Hakeem appoints a regent from House Hashemite for two months as he goes off on an envoy of ships to "visit" the Empress of India. With the acquisition of Tartary Central Asia, we begin to promote a pan-Muslim state, instead of an Arab state. We emphasize that the Caliph is the leader of the entire Islamic community, rather than Arabs. 
 * The Union of Borealia would like to extend a trade alliance, and expresses hope of establishing closer relations between our respective governments.
 * Algonquia: Offers a trade agreement.
 * Federal Commonwealth of Germany: Capital: Augsburg; Other cities: Wittelsbach, Munich, Vienna, Venice, Berlin; Population: 40.2 million. Commonly known as Bavaro-Germany. Brief history: Bavaro-Germany traces its roots to the Duchy of Bayern-Landshut. Over the course of the fifteenth-century, Bayern-Landshut was able to grow large enough to re-unite the fractured Duchy of Bavaria. In the sixteenth century, Bavaria made territorial gains in Saxony, Thuringia, and Swabia, as well as colonial advancements in Borealia.. In the seventeenth century, Bavaria helped to dismantle the Austrian monarchy, and won Brandenburg, Pomerania, and northern Austria as a result. In the eighteenth century, after a war with Spain, Bavaria acquired Venezia and several colonial holdings. A series of power-struggles and civil wars in the 1750s and 1760s changed Bavaria greatly, transforming it from a noble, feudal state to a high-class power. A further revolution in the 1790s federalized the country. In the 1870s and 1880s, lower-class revolts succeeded in abolishing the monarchy and instituting a left-wing government. Throughout its history, Bavaria has engendered a distinctive liberal tradition, including the Bavarian Commands of the 1490s, the Austrian Reconstruction in the 1660s, and Marian Commands in the 1790s, all of which events or documents greatly impacted the social, legal, and political fabric of the Bavarian nation.
 * National Developments: The grain, coal and railway industries remain heavily regulated. The Liberal Party remains in power in Augsburg. Women enter the national stage as ancient laws are repealed. However, many politicians fight to have women kept out of the government. In Stuttgart, the German Unification Party earns much support and attracts the eye of Hamburgian leadership. Markus Helenkamp wins the national chancellery elections of 1890, and continues to support German unification. In other news, Communist leaders are released from prison and allowed to remain in Bavaro-Germany. The Treaty of Brunswick is composed and signed by all German states, officiating German unification for 1895
 * Commonwealth of Bavaria:  The army is expanded, and the economy expands as well. Liberals maintain dominance in national government as conservatives retain the blame for economic disaster. Bavaria maintains alliances with Hamburg, Rome, France, Croatia, and Scandinavia. Markus Helenkamp continues serving as Chancellor, with elections coming up in 1895.
 * Commonwealth of Austria: The army and navy are expanded, as is the economy. Vienna remains a center of music, writing, art, and political power. The current governor is Leonardo von Benekat serving from 1885 to 1890. The Curia Austria remains one of the more moderate legislatures in the country, and is lax on regulation and economics.
 * Commonwealth of Brandenburg: The army is expanded, as is the economy. Berlin remains an important city in Germany, and hosts a large economic center for the whole country. Mikael von Urbacher is governor. The Liberal Party enacts a series of far-left reforms that slap heavy regulations on child labor and establishes government watchdog groups for several manufacturing companies. In Berlin, the Democratic Federal party is founded, advocating leftist policies and a strong central government. It is led by Magnus Alischermann. The Democrat Federalists are opposed by the older Berlin Conservatives, who advocate monarchism and social conservatism.
 * Commonwealth of Pomerania: The army and navy are expanded. Pomerania remains an important port for the country. The Curia Pomerania stands as a center-right beacon for German politics.
 * Commonwealth of Venezia: The army and navy are expanded. Venice remains one of the oldest and culturally diverse cities and ports in Germany, providing the country with a large Italian population. The Curia Venexia supports a largely center-left composure, supporting economic regulation to a limited degree and supporting most social liberal policies.
 * Commonwealth of Bremen: The army and navy are expanded. Bremen remains one of the most important and strategically located ports in all of the country. Being a part of Germany since the middle ages, the port of Bremen has served it loyally and is thus made a full commonwealth of the German nation. The political scene is moderately liberal.
 * Commonwealth of Pearl River: The army and navy are expanded. Pearl River was established as a colonial Borealian outpost hundreds of years ago, and due to its loyalty, is made a full commonwealth in Germany. The political scene is very centrist. Pro-Borealian and Pro-independence movements collapse by 1886 in face of the war, and pro-Bavarian movements rise in their place. Despite the collapse of radical movements, the government of Pearl River graciously accepts Borealian aid and agrees to cover the logistical cost. In 1891, Pearl River voters vote to join Reme.
 * In  Spain , the nation continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities lead to more people moving to the cities. Stronger cements are produced, whatever that means, leading to the construction of much taller buildings, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Valencia, and Madrid. Steamboats and cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica and proposes a  Trans-European rail link  from Lisbon to Constantinople and Moscow. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Aragon takes all the people from Edgistan. Boats and guns. Spain commissions a more ironclads based on the German designs. More artillery stuff. Kerguelen is a crown possession of Spain. The Spanish government condemns the Communists. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain proposes the formation of an  anti-Communist league .  Spain also seeks the return of  Gibraltar  and  Ceuta  from  Croatia .  #NoMoreWikiaChanges


 * Algeria: Expands 5000 sq km south as part of the nationalistic campaign to become a great nation in the African continent. Military technology is brought in from Spain, as well as other things.
 * Navarre: Continues to fare well. Thanks to the union with Spain, Navarre's economy prospers.

1892
''' In the 1892 Olympiad in Sparta, the Roman Empire came first with 58 medals, followed by Andea with 50 and Bavaria with 44. Be sure to vote and propose for other games. '''


 * United German Kingdoms: Mew Mecklenburg in Australia expands by 750 px. Preparations for German unification, now that the Treaty of Brunswick has been approved by the Parliament, continue. The UGK congratulates its athletes who took part in the first modern Olympiad, and the country is satisfied with the 41 medals it won. In light of recent Communist gains, the UGK begins sending massive aid to states like Lombardy and the Netherlands, propping up their monarchies.
 * Indian Empire: Queen Nur Jehan was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 318,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented with ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of Bengal, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones. The Queen of India announces to the people that the cities of Chennai, Nellore and Nagapattinam have been freed from European Imperialism. She also declares that the Caliphates victory over the Tatar infidels is another occasion for joy and celebration. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 60.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 45.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Punjab's exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 36.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagar's exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist, Neo-Confucian and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Monarch Heonjong continues to plan new reforms for Korea and continues investing heavily in technology and science. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Heonjong asks for a renewal of alliance with Japan, and also aims to have more friendly relations with them. Meanwhile, the results of the elections are in, with Kim Hong-jip elected as the first Prime Minister of Korea.
 * Imperial Japanese Dip: We will accept the Korean offer of a renewal of alliance if Korea agrees to become a protectorate of the Empire of Japan. 
 * Korea Diplomacy: Monarch Heonjong agrees and accepts the Japanese offer.
 * Imperial Japan: Emperor Raijingusan is happy that Korea accepted the Japanese offer and welcomes Korea into the Japanese Empire. We shall respect Korea's autonomy in return for help with any war we go in if we so request it. We will forge the path for renewed friendly relations with Korea, with the first being virtually free trade between Imperial Japan and Korea.
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue to expand industry as a way to repair the economy after the end of the war. More and more people move to the city from the country in pursuit of jobs.
 * BoraliaFlag.png Union of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. Radios become commonplace for media communication, although this year the first full full-length movie is released, All's Quiet on the Visayas. New Munich becomes the first city partially run on electrical power. As scientists explore mechanisms at smaller levels, it is theorized that all matter behaves like a particle and wave. Machine guns continue to improve with Andean supplies. Fatalities in surgeries are drastically reduced with modern medicine. Automobiles completely replace travel by horse. Submarines begin to be built for the purpose of breaking through northern ice caps. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast. Industrial goods are sent to Brazil to improve their economy. The northwest passage is completely open for shipping now (during the summer), and later the same year a final expedition manages to plant the Borealian flag on the geometric north pole. The Curia expresses their pride towards all of the athletes who participated at the Olympics in Sparta, but work continues to improve for the next match.
 * The Territory of Australia: The ports continue to be expanded and the new city of Dandiri is built on the Pacific Coast. As more businesses are taken up by Muslim natives, the German colonists begin migrating to the new communities farther inland. Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. Many people in the territory begin to express interest in becoming a full state such as the regions in Borealia. An irrigation program continues to be designed, with the hopes of aiding settlements in the outback. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry.
 * The Borealian Maritime Territory: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Mariana Islands to Nauru). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Moving farther east, the Borealian navy lays claim to a few additional islands (OTL Vanatu and Tuvalu).
 * People's Republic of Poland: General Secretary Sokoloff continues to express disappointment in the Czech rebellion agains their leaders, and the Polish Army continues to fight in favour of the Communist government. Meanwhile in Poland, the General Secretary continues implementation of the Ten Year Plan, now on its fifth year, with the partial collectivization essentially done and now the government starts to use the resource increase caused by the partial collectivization to increase industrial output, and that combined with the resources now being made are being used to make more factories throughout the nation, significantly increasing the industrial output of the state. While that happens, Foreign Minister continues to fund Communist organizations in Czechia, Silesia, Slovakia, Croatia, Transylvania, Romania, Pskov, and Ruthenia.
 * Romania: With foreign aid into Communist societies of Romania, Communism begins to gain traction and attracts many supporters in the proletariat and even some sympathetic bourgeois. In July, 1892, the government and King Claudiu passed the Communism Suppression Act, banning all Communist meetings and rallies. This, no doubt, arose tensions in the country and in August, 12th, a Romanian Communist leader Mihai Ardelean openly rebelled in the port city of Constanta. By the end of the year, the Communist revolution had took most of North and East Romania, leaving only lands west of the counties Prahova and Ialomita in governmental hands. The new Communist government was established in December, 23rd with capital Constantin, proclaimed the People's Republic of Romania. Meanwhile, we started receiving supplies from our Communist allies in Poland and Russia.
 * Mexaca's election results show that the Socialist Party has gained a sizeable amount of seats in Parliament, and so has a newly formed Republican Party. Recovery continues, and much of the nations industrial efforts are beginning to pay off, with the nation becoming more and more industrial.
 * West Czechia: We continue to build up our military. The building of a railroad throughout the nation continues. Factories continue to make railroad tracks. Our local railroads now attach to the European railroads that are being made. Many factories hire both men and women. The farming industry is still the biggest industry of the nation. Our border control team now allows anyone into the nation. most people that come into our nation are people from the west that are Communists that do not fit in with western nations. After the nation split into two nation, Voivode Vikto Havel takes control of the western part and the capital of Prague. The military sends small special ops teams into East Czechia, so that we can kill important people of the nation. A few Communist politicians from West Czechia go into East Czechia to make the nation Communist by having speeches and having revolts.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures towards Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself towards the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry, and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman troops mass in Bulgaria on the Vlachian border, demanding that the Communist government stand down and return to democratic principles or face invasion by the Roman Empire and the Holy League, of which Vlachia was a member. 
 * Africa:   The new Exarchate of Africa is formed to help rebuilt the region after the Roman intervention. Roman engineers and industrialists move in to help repair the infrastructure and get basic services back in motion. Telephone lines are laid, ports repaired, and railroads set back into motion. The Roman Empire also rebuilds many of the fortifications damaged in the intervention, to help protect the region now under Roman control. Fortifications soon ring the capital of Carthage and other major cities like Hippona, Oea, and Cirta. People with Berber or French heritage are brought in to aid in local administration and build up a sense of trust with the locals. Roman military officers begin training a dedicated and loyal militia forces to help the Roman forces in policing the territory. Expansion to the south in pursuit of trade begins in earnest.
 * Tatar Empire: The fall of the Tartary is a huge surprise, and many officials fled to Roman lands. However, the Roman Empire was able to set up a puppet government claiming legitimacy from the remnants of the Tartary. The Tatar royal family is installed as the leaders of this puppet state, with much of the government based on that of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire does what it can to industrialize and modernize the puppet state, which effectively only controls the Black Sea coast. Effort is put entirely into the army, as there is no power that can challenge the might of the Roman navy in the Black Sea. Demoralized remnants of the Tartar Army along with volunteers are trained by Roman officers to help get the state back on its feet.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Reme continues its current expansion into the native dark-grey clusterfuck, expanding another 150 pixels into it. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started to be worked on.
 * Morocco: The Kingdom of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 100,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 8.9 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 78,000 soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships and 14 frigates. The nation expands by 1000 px per year to keep it stronger and independent, with a few new cities are built, roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer schools, museums, colleges and more houses and mining planets are built. A new university is built in Tangier. The mining plants produces materials coal and iron, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. A few docks and mosques are built. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and one new railway line are opened in service. 12 of 14 wooden frigates are upgraded to armored iron frigates built by Moroccan harbors in Essaouira and Safi. Sultan Aslal I continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. Morocco begins improving relations with Roman Empire and France to seek friendly alliances in future. Morocco also begins to claim northern parts of UGK West Africa from United German Kingdoms, which later on in future they join Morocco.
 * Brazil: As a compromise between Emperor Pedro’s conservative base and the partially republican parliament, Pinheiro Machado is selected as the emperor’s prime minister, as a known supporter of democracy. The Emperor’s economic policies successfully curb the effects of inflation and recession in the nation, by combatting the issue as a supply problem. The nation experiences the largest period in conservatism to date, with a high focus on industry and capitalistic enterprise. The industrialization attracts immigrants and migrants to the nation’s major cities, where jobs are more abundant. This is contrary to the vast countryside, where the majority of the population is isolated in individual communities. In the aftermath of slavery in our nation, wealth and landownership is heavily concentrated among a small number of capitalists with this extreme concentration reminiscent of feudal aristocracy. Recent innovations worldwide cause an industrial revolution across our nation, as a direct reaction to European and North American demand for primary products and foodstuffs. Agriculture becomes dominated by cotton, sugar and coffee, as well as other profitable cash crops. The nation’s recent focus on cash crops however comes at the expense of domestic consumption, forcing the nation to import a majority of its grain needs to sustain its population. Able to bypass the power of the landowners with his new found power, Emperor Pedro I orders a new agricultural program to increase the nation’s independence from imports. Additionally the patriarchal agricultural communities propped up by wealthy estates are infiltrated by the government, helping to end this semi-autonomy across the nation’s poorer regions. Sensing a lapse in the nation’s domestic industrial base in the wake of the technologically, economically and politically superior North Atlantic, Emperor Pedro sets out to break the nation’s dependency of foreign made factory goods. The nation institutes the first ever tariffs with European nations, forcing capitalists to step in domestically. Additionally many industries, including weapon manufacturers, ammunition plants, and shipyards are subsidized by the government in some way, in addition to the already increasing boom brought on by heavy modernization of the military. The ineffective slash-and-burn method is largely phased out, as are primitive and largely non-mechanized farming equipment, as the government begins offering large tax cuts and discounts on mechanization. Additionally the government passes the Herdade Act of 1893, offering any settler to claim land in the west up to 160 acres. This is both to encourage settlement, and also to increase farmland under Brazilian control. This program goes as far as to increase immigration from Europe, and is projected to heavily increase settlement within the next few years. Farms become more profitable with the advent of mechanical improvements, especially after bad yields in Europe in the 1880s made Brazilian commodities highly sought after. Many isolated communities become dependent on river transportation and railroads, which becoming heavily monopolistic. Railroad owners and eastern bankers are blamed for many of the financial problems experienced by these settlers, and farmers begin looking for new tactics to increase profits. The individualistic communities in the west began to pool their resources and yields, creating more centralized market systems, stores, processing plants, factories, and co-operatives. Known as the Granjeiro Movement, these farmers successfully pass laws limiting railroad and warehouse fees. In the aftermath of the financial crisis, known as the Encilhamento, new practices are put in place to prevent unbridled speculation, increased inflation, and fraudulent initial public offerings and takeovers. The Federal Depósito Seguro Corporação (FDSC; OTL: FDIC) is created as a permanent agency of the government capable of insuring deposits in banks. The organization is also tasked with examining and supervising certain financial institutions for safety and soundness, as well performing certain consumer-protection functions, and managing banks in receiverships. These new programs are monitored without parliamentary appropriations, instead being funded entirely by premiums that banks and thrift institutions pay for deposit insurance coverage and from earnings on investments in securities. One of the still remaining major hindrances to the nation’s economic recovery is the lack of a centralized national economy, as up to this point regional markets had been able to export their own specialty products to European and Hesperian markets, as without an internal market with overland transportation, except for the mule trains, economic integration was impeded. This also hurts the nation’s political cohesion and military efficiency. Military drills continue, with 100,000 men receiving military training following the introduction of light conscription. Additionally, some 250,000 men are slated to follow suit, making up the basis of a reserve army. Armed settlers in the Amazon region continue to overlap with Dutch settlers, causing violence in southern Guianas. Both Emperor Pedro and the republican prime minister Machado agree that a strong military is necessary in order to gain control over the situation. While domestic production of warships continue, the Empire of Brazil also asks several European nations to purchase battleships from foreign shipyards. The settlement by the Seringueiros continues in the west, with Nilo Peçanha’s government proving successful in organizing the territory.
 * In order to strenghten the ties between Brazil and Croatia, Croatia offers a marriage between Petar Krešimir VII of the Trpimirović dynasty and a female member of the ruling house of Brazil.
 * Shun China: The Isolationist Emperor of China dies, and his Nationalist, Expansionalist son takes control of the nation. The new Emperor immediately builds up the military, angering the population, which had been used to fairly quiet peace. Many Chinese troops are deployed to the border with the Mongol Khanate, which is not taken well by the Mongols. Meanwhile, the Emperor looks for alliances with countries in order to advance the Cchinese technology, which causes it to ask for an alliance with Russia.
 * As a fellow member of the Pacific Protection Sphere, the Union of Borealia sends industrial goods and engineers to China, offering to construct electrical grids.
 * Emeraldie: New construction starts on the nation's ports, farms and mines to increase the nation's exports and economic strength. The new royal palace is complete and the king makes a speak on how Emeraldie is the true successor of France and promises the people a grand and prosperous future. The government enacts several new policies designed to encourage the industrialisation of the nation. We expand 800 px into the continents interior.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories: The more colonists and missionaries arrive in the region after the Emeraldian government portrays the territories as a lush tropical paradise. The naval base is completed in Tahiti. The territory annexes the Samoan islands.
 * Algonquia: Continues to recover from the recent conflicts. Algonquia's navy continues to grow, a new battleship being commissioned this year, with ironclads perceived as increasingly outdated. Uzvards guns come into wide use in the army. Trade continues to grow, with newly open markets providing large amounts of wealth. A colony is founded on Kitlineq to bring more of the Arctic under Algonquian sovereignty, and expands along the coast, bringing Inuit bands under the Algonquian government. With Algonquia needing settlers for the prairies willing to farm, it begins offering free land to anyone willing to settle in the prairies, resulting in a rush for land. Tens of thousands of peasants, fleeing conflict-torn regions with serfdom often still in place, emigrate to Algonquia. With tensions rising between landowners and industrialists and the leftist government, conservative forces stage a coup in Nemiscau this year, seizing the Council of Sachems with private forces. The coup messily fails when several dozen parliamentarians, including several of the most vociferous Socialists, escape and launch a counterattack. Several weeks of bloody street fighting see the reactionary forces put down, although the conflicts spread to other major cities. Order is largely restored by the year's end, with the leftists firmly back in control. Many figures are convinced of the need to strengthen the military in response to this, and a nationwide National Guard is created.
 * Sahtudene: Expands 5000 km along the Arctic Coast. Charting of the Northwest Passage continues, with an expedition finally reaching the Pacific in June this year. The railway linking Tuktoyaktuk with the south is completed, making it finally possible for large-scale Algonquian commerce with the Pacific to begin. Many people flee the conflict in Southern Algonquia and arrive in Sahtudene.
 * Lukaian: Continues to re-inforce its Prussian and Livonian national identity, with the former national languages being revived, align with native Lucayan. Russian continue to emigrate back to Pskov or to Russia, while some Algonquians arrive. A local militia of 8000, plus a larger Algonquian garrison, is created. Large quantities of tea, coffee, sugar and rubber are grown to feed Algonquia's industrial sector. Lukaian is largely untouched by the conflict in mainland Algonquia.
 * France: As the war with Brittany concludes in a decisive victory, we demand that the country surrender, and decide to immediately annex whatever territories under our control. With this in mind, we pay attention to issues in Eastern Europe that are currently facing problems, and General Secretary Jacques Deschalms officially and strongly condemns the Roman Empire for their aggressive actions against the new revolutionary government in Romania, and threaten immediate action should the country be invaded. However, noting the situation, he decides to invite Romania to the People's Entente and in exchange, will guarantee the protection from Roman aggression, and will, in the scenario of invasion, be called upon the Communist nations of Earth to defend each other from capitalist aggression. Meanwhile, in domestic news, we continue our Ten-Year Plan to reconstruct the nation, and with the newly annexed territories of Brittany, we begin to apply the plan to rebuild those regions as well.
 * In the Grand Union (Pskov), the GDP rises along with average wages. The Inter-Republic Road network is expanded. The Science and technology aspect of Pskov is not overlooked either. As prosperity in the nation increases, the amount of money and new people investing in institutions of higher learning. As such, the various schools that existed in Nizhegorodsk-Na-Narve unite and form the "University of Nizhegorodsk", beginning a rivalry between it and Pskov. The idea of currency reform, to reform it to a decimal system is put out, in order to simplify much trade (even though it is already simple enough with multiples of 20). Zlatobrezhie becomes wealthier and wealthier as more people get used to over one hundred years of Pskovian governance. The first practical recoil-operated machine gun is developed by Emilian Glinka, nicknamed the Glinka gun. This new weapon's designs are purchased by the government, and Glinka is given a government contract to produce them. The Uzvards firearms corporation, responsible for the first generation of repeating weapons, signs a merger, and the Glinka-Uzvards Firearms Co. is born. Their first model, the GUMG-91, is produced in bulk for the national army, replacing the much older Uzvards models. Meanwhile, a joint effort by the Universities of Pskov and Nizhegorodsk build the technology for the first hydroelectric dam, at the river Narva's headwaters. This produces a lot of alternating current, which is soon used to electrify the cities of Nizhegorodsk-Na-Narve and Narva. Plans to build more electric power stations are conceived, and some rivers are selected, especially where Lake Peipus joins Lake Pskov, the hydroelectric dam for which is 75% complete. The Conservatives set up another "International Slavic Congress", and invites representatives from all slavic nations to join a celebration of traditions that unite all slavs in Pskov. Last year's election results are as follows: The Grand Union looks to the east with despair. The Government officially refuses to recognize the Socialist Republic, and decides to advance some forces in, promising asylum to all current residents. Many flee in the coming months, the Grand Union sends agents into Russia for the smuggling of human refugees fleeing the "red terror". Many more Communists are lynched in the streets, with "traitors" carved into their now-naked bodies. The authorities once again condemn "barbarism" but do little to punish people. Fortifications are built along the demilitarized zone, and some schools begin to "black out" captured areas on maps, calling them the "occupied territories". The Border with Russia is strengthened along the demilitarized zone, which is quickly becoming, quite ironically, one of the most militarized zones in the world (due to lots of "you put one unit, I put two" mentality on both sides). Supreme Prince Ilya Semashko resigns this year, and a new electoral council is called. This council elects General Evgeni Alexandrovich Kondratiev, the man who led the defence of Pskov and later took over the Belarussian front, and stopped the advancing armies is elected the new Supreme Prince. The Jacobeit Airship Co. expands its commercial buisness, and offes its first tour of the Grand Union's capitals to the newly elected Supreme Prince, going from Pskov, to Narva, to Tallinn, to Riga, North-Klapedia, Vilnus, and Minsk, before finally returning to Pskov. He happily accepts and the two men discuss at length a certain topic. Six months later the production of 20 new airships is announced. The Pskovians sends some money to the anti-Communist revolters in czechia in secret. Underground movements are secretly funded in Russia, especially around Novgorod. We expand 10,000 sq km into African interior in both our African colonies.
 * In Silesia, Voivode Patryk Waldau uses his already mobilized military to begin constructing extensive defensive fortifications along the northern border with Poland, fearing another possible retaliatory attack. Despite the hostilities, we continue to profit off of Polish reparations. These go toward new and experimental solutions. In the coal mines, workers begin to organize and form unions to promote common interests. So far, these unions have managed to work amicably with management, but the seeds of future tension begin to be planted. The nation engages in a lot of exporting activity, further propelling the economy forward. We hear of the Olympics that took place this year in Sparta, and begin to plan to attend 1896's Olympics in Augsburg. Meanwhile, in Wrocłow, work begins on a huge cathedral to house the Archdiocese. This project, which will face the River Odra, is expected to take about a decade to complete, but should be one of the most impressive architectural accomplishments of the century. Many remaining Communists, who were heavily disrupted last year, begin to look into transitional Communism, which is the ruling ideology in Croatia and was brought over by their troops. The economy and infrastructure improve.
 * Federal Commonwealth of Germany: Capital: Augsburg; Other cities: Wittelsbach, Munich, Vienna, Venice, Berlin; Population: 40.2 million. Commonly known as Bavaro-Germany. Brief history: Bavaro-Germany traces its roots to the Duchy of Bayern-Landshut. Over the course of the fifteenth-century, Bayern-Landshut was able to grow large enough to re-unite the fractured Duchy of Bavaria. In the sixteenth century, Bavaria made territorial gains in Saxony, Thuringia, and Swabia, as well as colonial advancements in Borealia.. In the seventeenth century, Bavaria helped to dismantle the Austrian monarchy, and won Brandenburg, Pomerania, and northern Austria as a result. In the eighteenth century, after a war with Spain, Bavaria acquired Venezia and several colonial holdings. A series of power-struggles and civil wars in the 1750s and 1760s changed Bavaria greatly, transforming it from a noble, feudal state to a high-class power. A further revolution in the 1790s federalized the country. In the 1870s and 1880s, lower-class revolts succeeded in abolishing the monarchy and instituting a left-wing government. Throughout its history, Bavaria has engendered a distinctive liberal tradition, including the Bavarian Commands of the 1490s, the Austrian Reconstruction in the 1660s, and Marian Commands in the 1790s, all of which events or documents greatly impacted the social, legal, and political fabric of the Bavarian nation.
 * National Developments: The grain, coal and railway industries remain heavily regulated. The Liberal Party remains in power in Augsburg. Women enter the national stage as ancient laws are repealed. However, many politicians fight to have women kept out of the government. In Stuttgart, the German Unification Party earns much support and attracts the eye of Hamburgian leadership. Markus Helenkamp wins the national chancellery elections of 1890, and continues to support German unification. In other news, Communist leaders are released from prison and allowed to remain in Bavaro-Germany. The Treaty of Brunswick is composed and signed by all German states, officiating German unification for 1895. In 1892, in accordance with the referendum, Pearl River is allowed to join Reme.
 * Commonwealth of Bavaria:  The army is expanded, and the economy expands as well. Liberals maintain dominance in national government as conservatives retain the blame for economic disaster. Bavaria maintains alliances with Hamburg, Rome, France, Croatia, and Scandinavia. Markus Helenkamp continues serving as Chancellor, with elections coming up in 1895.
 * Commonwealth of Austria: The army and navy are expanded, as is the economy. Vienna remains a center of music, writing, art, and political power. The current governor is Leonardo von Benekat serving from 1885 to 1890. The Curia Austria remains one of the more moderate legislatures in the country, and is lax on regulation and economics.
 * Commonwealth of Brandenburg: The army is expanded, as is the economy. Berlin remains an important city in Germany, and hosts a large economic center for the whole country. Mikael von Urbacher is governor. The Liberal Party enacts a series of far-left reforms that slap heavy regulations on child labor and establishes government watchdog groups for several manufacturing companies. In Berlin, the Democratic Federal party is founded, advocating leftist policies and a strong central government. It is led by Magnus Alischermann. The Democrat Federalists are opposed by the older Berlin Conservatives, who advocate monarchism and social conservatism.
 * Commonwealth of Pomerania: The army and navy are expanded. Pomerania remains an important port for the country. The Curia Pomerania stands as a center-right beacon for German politics.
 * Commonwealth of Venezia: The army and navy are expanded. Venice remains one of the oldest and culturally diverse cities and ports in Germany, providing the country with a large Italian population. The Curia Venexia supports a largely center-left composure, supporting economic regulation to a limited degree and supporting most social liberal policies.
 * Commonwealth of Bremen: The army and navy are expanded. Bremen remains one of the most important and strategically located ports in all of the country. Being a part of Germany since the middle ages, the port of Bremen has served it loyally and is thus made a full commonwealth of the German nation. The political scene is moderately liberal.
 * Duchy of Oldenburg: In one of his last acts as duke, Dietrich III signs the German Unification treaty. He dies later in the year, aged 93. He is succeeded by his son, Christian VII, who is crowned by the Prince-Bishop of Osnabruck. In other news, with increased interest in the Polar regions, an expedition is sent to build a small settlement on Svalbard in order to protect Oldenburg's land from other nations.

Imperial Japan: The joint Russo-Caliphate-Japanese Invasion of the Tartary has gone phenomanlly well and with the signing of the Treaty of Samarkland the Japanese gain former Tartary territory in the Sea of Omsk, and the territory is renamed Japanese Siberia. The soldiers who went to war return home and are hailed as national heroes and there is once again a resurgence in Japanese nationalism. The book "On the Tartary War" is published and we train soldiers based on the book in combination with the Hamburg book. After the Emperor has expressed his desire to spread the greatness of modern Japan to the rest of Asia he and his close advisors met on how to do this. During this time, the Emperor found out that he was a direct descendant of the Chinese Emperor Xu Fu, as various sources state that he died in Japan and he started the Japanese Royal Lineage. In light of this information, pamphlets are published stating how Emperor of Japan is a direct descendant of Emperor Xu Fu, as well as how great the standard of living is of modern Imperial Japan in comparison to the Shun Dynasty, thus the only logical conclusion is that the Emperor of Japan has the true Mandate of Heaven. The pamphlets are distributed via the various Japanese ports on mainland China. The'''book On The Hamburgian War is published and it chronicles the events of the Hamburgian War, the first modern war Japan has entered. It also writes down the strategies and taticts of the war. Thus, military academies pop up and use the book as a guide and many young men are enlisted to the Imperial Japanese military and massive military build up happens. We declare war on the Tartary by joining on the side of Russia and the Caliphate and send 30,000 soldiers to the Tartary. The 10,000 soldiers from the Hamburgian War return home in victory and are hailed as national Japanese heroes and there is a massive parade as a result of the victory and those who lived and died hold the highest honors in Japan, and shall forever go down in Japanese history as heroes. As a result of this victory, there is a surge of Japanese nationalism across the empire, for the tradition of both Japanese honor to our allies and Japanese militarism has resulted in the unification of the Philippines under Japanese rule, the fulfillment of our debt to Borelia, and a new friend, our former enemy Hamburg. These positive results ensure that the Japanese way is the best way, and we continue our militarism. While the war increased the build up of our industry, it also negatively effected the economy. As such, we continue to fund our military and work on our economy. In order to build up our economy, we propose a trade pact with all the participants of the Great Hamburgian War. We also send emergency aid to those afflicted by the tsunami in China by giving them food, water, and shelter. We begin rebuilding our military and expand our Papau territories.'''
 * ​Japanese Manchuria: In order to fuel our modernization of the mainland, mines are built on a massive scale in Japanese Manchuria as well as farms to grow food for the mainland. We encourage young Japanese males to immigrate to the sparsely populated Manchuria to build it up and we reward them large plots of land. Ports are also built up as well as railroads to link the mining and farming. Factories also pop up as well as schools and hospitals. We heavily invest in industrializing Japanese Manchuria. Econ/mil turn./
 * Japanese Formosa: We invest in Formosa by implementing a massive railroad construction program as well as port construction to further the transportation of Formosa. We implement a program of both industry and agriculture in Formosa, with the industry being for Japan and the agriculture being for Formosa. We also make massive public education reform in Formosa. Industry also speeds up as a result of the wartime economy. Econ/mil turn. ' 
 * Japanese Shanghai: We industrialize Shanghai and upgrade its port and infrastructure, including education. We have Shanghai specialize in shipbuilding and trading, making it a hub for trade in East Asia. We rapidly increase port building to make this city a hub for trade.
 * Northern Philippines: We welcome the former French Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy.
 * Southern Philippines: We welcome the former Hamburgian Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy.
 * Japanese Siberia: We welcome the former Tartary territory into our empire and we begin an extensive program to rebuild the area after the war by xpanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. We also expan the economy of the area.


 * In  Spain , the nation continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities lead to more people moving to the cities. Stronger cements are produced, whatever that means, leading to the construction of much taller buildings, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Valencia, and Madrid. Steamboats and cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica and proposes a  Trans-European rail link  from Lisbon to Constantinople and Moscow. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Aragon takes all the people from Edgistan. Boats and guns. Spain commissions a more ironclads based on the German designs. More artillery stuff. Kerguelen is a crown possession of Spain. The Spanish government condemns the Communists. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain proposes the formation of an  anti-Communist league .  Spain also seeks the return of  Gibraltar  and  Ceuta  from  Croatia .  #NoMoreWikiaChanges


 * Algeria: expands 5000 sq km south as part of the nationalistic campaign to become a great nation in the African continent. Military technology is brought in from Spain, as well as other things.
 * Navarre: Continues to fare well. Thanks to the union with Spain, Navarre's economy prospers.

1893
West Czechia: We continue to build up our military. The building of a railroad throughout the nation continues. Factories continue to make railroad tracks. Our local railroads now attach to the European railroads that are being made. Many factories hire both men and women. The farming industry is still the biggest industry of the nation. Our border control team now allows anyone into the nation. most people that come into our nation are people from the west that are Communists that do not fit in with western nations or that are from East Czechia that did not like that the country split. The military continues to send small special ops teams into East Czechia, so that we can kill important people of the nation. A few Communist politicians from West Czechia continue to go into East Czechia to make the nation Communist by having speeches and having revolts.
 * United German Kingdoms: New Mecklenburg, German West Afrcia, New Lüneburg (OTL Liberia), and Kameroon expand 750 px each. In 1893, inventor Heinrich Maximilian independently invents a belt fed rapid firing machine gun, to replace the Keudez-Uzvark guns, and as an answer to the rumors of a similar weapon in Andean service. Dubbed "Maxim's Gun", it's soon ready to enter army service. Also in 1893, another inventor by the name of Dietrich Volkard patents his design for a "motor carriage", propelled by a gasoline powered engine. Emperor Mary sends her condolences to Oldenburg upon hearing of the passing of Duke Dietrich, and apologizes for not being able to attend Christians coronation, being consumed with preparations for unification. The UGK offers to send aid to the Netherlands in its current war if it agrees to sign over its South African colony, and Singapore, Malacca, and Brunei. The Dutch are also encouraged to send a counter-offer. (Mod response, please)
 * IATG, can you sign the Kolkata Agreement? The stuff we agreed on chat isn't there but I'll give it to you. It's just not there in the agreement because it won't make sense but you'll get your share. ♣There is no good or evil: only power and those too weak to seek it♣
 * Mod Response RNG, 1-5 no, 6-10 yes, 5, the Dutch decline ceding so much territory for aid from a state they are allied with.
 * Indian Empire: Queen Nur Jehan was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 318,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented with ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of Bengal, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones.The Queen of India that the Caliphate's victory over the Tatar infidels is another occasion for joy and celebration. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 60.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 45.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Punjab's exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 36.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagar's exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Indian - British Diplomacy: The Indian Empire requests Britannia to hand over its Indian enclaves to the Indian Empire, just as the Roman Empire, Lankan Empire and the United German Kingdoms have done. [Mod Response]
 * Burman Dip: Emperor Thiha offers gifts to the Indian empire, and seeks to open up diplomatic ties as well as other talks for more major trade and potentials for other diplomatic pursuits.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist, Neo-Confucian and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Heonjong dies this year and is succeeded by his only child, Princess Hyomyeong, who becomes the new Monarch of Korea. Hyomyeong continues her father's investment in technology and science.
 * People's Republic of Poland: General Secretary Sokoloff continues his support of West Czechia in the rebellion, but seeing no end to it currently, urges the two sides to find a temporary compromise. Meanwhile, he continues implementation of the Ten-Year Plan, now on its sixth year, with large increases of agricultural and industrial output already being seen in Poland. More factories are built throughout, mainly armaments, munitions, agricultural equipment, and fertilizer factories. Though occupied with the current affairs of the military, HM Starek decides to reform the Polish Navy, with 25 ironclads commissioned in Gdansk, of a new Polish model based on the current French models. The construction of the ironclads is finished within the year, and they are to be maintained at the best of shape in case of any wars. A former Communist sympathizer in pre-Revolution, now a member of the Polish Communist Party and a manager of a state-run small arms factory near Warsaw, Mieczysław Zuraw, designs a new gun design based on Russian and French designs currently used in Poland but more suited to the Polish climate. The end design is named ZW-93, standing for Zuraw, the last name of the designer, Warszawa for the place where it was designed, and 93 for the year it was made. The ZW-93 has less firepower than its Russian or French counterparts but is easier to produce and more adapted to the Polish climate. After initial success in trials for the design, the gun is put into mass production in small arms throughout the nation, becoming the army's main weapon. Foreign Minister Dubanowski continues his funding and support of peaceful Communist groups in West Czechia, Silesia, Slovakia, Croatia, Transylvania, Romania, Ruthenia, and Pskov. He starts support of Russia's underground Communist group which is being used to combat the current atrocities in Pskov. He also prepares for Poland's entrance into the Olympic Games in 1896 at Augsburg.
 * BoraliaFlag.png Union of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. More films are made this year, rivaling radio entertainment. New Munich becomes the first city partially run on electrical power, and now light bulbs begin replacing gas lamps. As scientists explore mechanisms at smaller levels, it is theorized that all matter behaves like a particle and wave. Machine guns continue to improve with Andean supplies. Fatalities in surgeries are drastically reduced with modern medicine. Automobiles completely replace travel by horse. Submarines begin to be built for the purpose of breaking through northern ice caps. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast. Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. Borealia offers to give the Dutch more naval support if they sell her the Islands near Papua. (Mod response, please)
 * The Territory of Australia: The ports continue to be expanded and the new city of Dandiri is built on the Pacific Coast. As more businesses are taken up by Muslim natives, the German colonists begin migrating to the new communities farther inland. Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. Many people in the territory begin to express interest in becoming a full state such as the regions in Borealia. An irrigation program continues to be designed, with the hopes of aiding settlements in the outback. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry.
 * The Borealian Maritime Territory: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Tuvalu). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Moving farther south, the Borealian navy lays claim to a few additional islands (OTL New Caledonia, Fiji, and Wallis). Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base in Midway.
 * RNG mod response, 1-5 no, 6-10 yes, 9, the Dutch accept. 
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue to expand industry as a way to repair the economy after the end of the war. More and more people move to the city from the country in pursuit of jobs. The Ruthenian government condemns the White Terror taking place in Pskov. The Ruthenians execute a group of Pskovite hardliners who murdered a member of a peaceful Communist party who attempted to flee to Ruthenia for safety. The Ruthenians also condemn the illegal human trafficking going on between Russia and Pskov. The Ruthenian government offers to recognize the new Russian government in exchange for Russia and Poland not invading or funding Communist groups intent on violent revolution. Some of the Ruthenian peaceful Communists form the Ruthenian Worker's Party, and agree to swear an oath recognizing the Grand Duke as the Ruthenian head of state.
 * Mexaca: Continues to build up the industrial might of the empire, and automobile factories are built, along with tractors. Everything related to industry is improved upon, and the military is given modern weapons. As the nation becomes more industrial based, it also begins installing telephone poles for communication by telephone.
 * Emeraldie: New construction starts on the nation's ports, farms and mines to increase the nation's exports and economic strength. The government enacts major overhauls to the nations military, particularly its navy, part of which includes the construction of several modern ironclads and three armoured cruisers. The land forces is reorganised to include 80,000 men, with 60,000 in reserve. The government enacts several new policies designed to encourage the industrialisation of the nation. We expand 800 px into the continents interior.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories: The more colonists and missionaries arrive in the region after the Emeraldian government portrays the territories as a lush tropical paradise. The Emeraldian navy announces the creation of the South Pacific station, which is designed to establish a true military presence in the region. The territory government is granted the ability to control a small armed forces to maintain peace in the region and protect from native aggression, its current numbers are around 1000 men.
 * Morocco: The Kingdom of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 200,000 people every year, as Moroccan government wanted to grow up faster as a stronger nation at Moroccan Population Growth Act 1893. The population of Morocco now stands at nine million people, while the number of military troops stands at 80,000 soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships and 14 frigates. The nation expands by 1000 px per year to keep it stronger and independent, with a few new cities are built, roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer schools, museums, colleges and more houses and mining planets are built. A new university is built in Tangier. The mining plants produces materials coal and iron, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. A few docks and mosques are built. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and one new railway line are opened in service. 13 of 14 wooden frigates are upgraded to armored iron frigates built by Moroccan harbors in Essaouira and Safi. Sultan Aslal I continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. Morocco continue improving relations with Roman Empire and France to seek friendly alliances in future. Morocco continues to claim northern parts of UGK West Africa from United German Kingdoms, which later on in future they join Morocco.
 * France: We begin to train our forces extensively and provide them with new equipment, and the Ten-Year Plan continues implementation. Although, the nation has mostly rebuilt from the Civil War, we still need to rebuild Brittany from the nation's invasion as conducted last year. Meanwhile, we begin to send support to People's Republic of Romania, hoping to allow them to join the People's Entente. However, with our allies coming under fire from the capitalists, led by Rome, we decide to make it very clear that if Rome attempts any sort of move that threatens the sovereignty and integrity of the Romanian people, we will use lethal force. As we take note of the acts of barbarism still being conducted in Pskov, we officially demand that the government of the Grand Union/Pskov stop the atrocities committed against our fellow Communists, speaking on the behalf of the People's Entente. In scientific news, a French-Breton mathematician and physics teacher named Germain Guérin begins to found his theories on rocketry, and with the creation of what future generations call "the Guérin Equation" leading to the fact that change in velocity (delta-v) equals effective exhaust velocity times the natural logarithm of the initial mass divided by the final mass. To simplify: ∆v=ve*ln(m0/m1). This is published as part of the Exploration of Outer Space by Means of Rocket Devices (French: Exploration de L'espace Extra par des Dispositifs de Roquettes).
 * Romania: In March, 25th, the Communist rebels captured Bucharest and by May, 17th, they had took control of the whole country. Mihai Ardelean becomes the first premier of the People's Republic of Romania and unveils a plan of rapid agricultural industrialization, dubbed the first Five-Year Plan. Romania adopts a form of transitional Communism, similar to Croatia.
 * Romanian Dip: We ask for an alliance with the Communist nations of the world.
 * Polish Diplomacy: Foreign Minister Dubanowski accepts the offer of alliance.
 * French Diplomacy: France hereby invites Romania to the People's Entente.
 * Shun China: Outraged by the pamphlets being distributed in China by the Japanese, we demand an end to the Japanese propaganda. Due to the propaganda leaflets, unrest and anger in China continues and worsens. Rumour of a civil war spreads. We continue to ask Russia for an alliance. We happily accept the offer of Borealian aid and begin constructing electrical grids, boosting infrastructure.
 * Imperial Japanese Dip: We also have a series of demands for Shun China, we demand the reason as to why we should respect Shun China when you not only do not respect your own people, but also your people do not even respect you. We demand the reason why Shun China's previous emperor had became a figurehead and the power went to inept beaucrats in 1875, we demand the reason why Shun China failed to help its own people during the flood of 1887 when Imperial Japan went to help the Chinese people, we demand the reason why the new Emperor is seeking expansion into Mongolia when he can't even provide for the needs of the Chinese, we demand to know the reason why the nation of Shun China is on the brink of civil war because of a few pamphlets. We demand to know the reason why there are so many problems in China if they have the Mandate of Heaven, when Imperial Japan is a great nation of food, water, modernization, industrialization, militarianism, imperialism, glory, honor, power, art, science, mathematics, architecture, engineering, education when China is a state of poverty, flooding, backwardness, cowardness, pseudo-imperialism, condemnation, dishoner, inepetness, ugliness, supersitution, and ignorance. We demand that Shun China gets its stuff together and retain order in its own nation. Failure to meet the demand of maintaining order shall result in a state of war between Shun China and Imperial Japan, and we shall free the Chinese people from your oppression. To prove we mean buisiness, we deploy troops to the port cities on the Chinese border, as well as near the Chinese border of Japanese Manchuria and Japanese Siberia.
 * Empire of Burma: The new monarch of the Empire of Burma rises up named Thiha. With the defeat of a final regional lord in the North, He immediately declares the formation of the Empire of Burma and immediately looks to remove the years of Diplomatic isolation and relative decentralization. With a moderately sized population of about 10.3 million Emperor Thiha begins to look to increase the production and prosperity of his newly centralized monarchy. Due to the war footing he had been on for nearly seven years, he keeps the military at a force of about 100,000 at any given moment, with a potential to call up another 50,000 at a moment notice from his loyal subjects. With the formation of the new India empire to the West, Emperor Thiha sends envoys to open up diplomatic relations with the Indians in an attempt to gather some new friends and potential allies. Along with this envoys are sent to Laos, and Kengtung (the small state to my east) to open up an alliance with Laos and begin the influence of Kengtung back into the Burmese culture particularly with re-integration in mind. The Emperor while distrustful of western customs and among other things due to the previous colonialism from spains generations prior, as well as the increasing aggressiveness from westerners in recent years, sees the need in reforming various systems to avoid being a colony. This immediately brings in the potential of bringing many of the Burman technologies, and customs up to date to prevent their conquest. Thiha begins looking for potential purchases and deals for the importation of technologies to facilitate this but expects this to take quite some time.
 * In the Grand Union (Pskov), the GDP rises along with average wages. The Inter-Republic Road network is expanded. The Science and technology aspect of Pskov is not overlooked either. As prosperity in the nation increases, the amount of money and new people investing in institutions of higher learning. As such, the various schools that existed in Nizhegorodsk-Na-Narve unite and form the "University of Nizhegorodsk", beginning a rivalry between it and Pskov. The idea of currency reform, to reform it to a decimal system is put out, in order to simplify much trade (even though it is already simple enough with multiples of 20). Zlatobrezhie becomes wealthier and wealthier as more people get used to over one hundred years of Pskovian governance. The first practical recoil-operated machine gun is developed by Emilian Glinka, nicknamed the Glinka gun. This new weapon's designs are purchased by the government, and Glinka is given a government contract to produce them. The Uzvards-Glinka Firearms Co. expands as more government contracts are heading their way for the production of the GUA-91 machine gun to replace older Uzvards models. A new bottom-loading semi-automatic rifle with a 15-round magazine is developed by gunsmith working for the Einzbern rifle co. It is named the Einzbern model 93, and many of them are ordered by the governemnt to replace their old equipment. The old equipment is sold as army surplus to various organizations, and some anti-Communist orgonizations. The model-93 quickly becomes the main rifle of the Grand Union Armed Forces. More electric power stations are built as cities are elctrified. he Conservatives set up another "International Slavic Congress", and invites representatives from all slavic nations to join a celebration of traditions that unite all slavs in Pskov. The Grand Union looks to the east with despair. The Government officially refuses to recognize the Socialist Republic, and decides to advance some forces in, promising asylum to all current residents. Many flee in the coming months, the Grand Union sends agents into Russia for the smuggling of human refugees fleeing the "red terror". The lynchings of Communists are quieting down, as many people turn to patriotism. The authorities once again condemn "barbarism" but do little to punish people. Fortifications are built along the demilitarized zone, and some schools begin to "black out" captured areas on maps, calling them the "occupied territories". The Border with Russia is strengthened along the demilitarized zone, which is quickly becoming, quite ironically, one of the most militarized zones in the world (due to lots of "you put one unit, I put two" mentality on both sides). The Jacobeit Airship Co. launches ten new airships this year, after revieving much funding from the government, and give them to the government as "personal transport craft". These "personal transport craft" for members of the government are quickly tested as bombers in secret ... the results are positive ... The Pskovians sends some money to the anti-Communist revolters in czechia in secret. Underground movements are secretly funded in Russia, especialy around Novgorod. We expand 10,000 sq km into African interior in both our African colonies. Politically, The First Senator Bryakin resigns, citing his old age and waning health as causes. This causes a rift in the government, as many independant members that followed the government out of respect for Bryakin no longer have his strong leadership illciting their confidence. His succesor as leader of the United libearl Party, Nicolai Lavrov, does little to attract their respect. Even Aliksandr Aavik, the leader of the New Democrats, is getting fed up with his antics. THe border with Ruthenia is strengthened after the execution of one of the GU's citizens, and non-compliance with extradition requests. Ruthenia is laughed at in many newspapers as the "Communist lapdog".
 * Ruthenian Diplomacy: Pskovite citizens had committed murder on Ruthenian soil. They would have been executed regardless of the political affiliations of the victim. The Ruthenians point to a number of cases where confirmed murderers were let go without punishment in Pskovite courts because the victim was a Communist. Extradition to Pskov would have all but guaranteed that the murderer would have been set free by courts willing to turn a blind eye to Communists being murdered. Pskov is mocked in Ruthenian newspapers as the "land of savage murderers". One Ruthenian newspaper coins the term "Pskovite Jury", which is a slang term for a lynch mob. The refusal of Pskovite authorities to prosecute these political murders is effectively the Pskovite government condoning them, as the halfhearted statements condemning them do little to dissuade those committing them.
 * My bad then, from what I read of your post, the guy was fleeing Pskov and you killed him anyway
 * Polish Diplomacy: The Polish government supports the current stance being taken by Ruthenia against the current atrocities being committed in the nation of Pskov towards innocent Communists, and demands the government of Pskov take action against the criminal activities that they have condoned by lack of action against those that commit the crimes. Foreign Minister Dubanowski offers safety to any Communists who happen to be fleeing from the White Terror of Pskov. HM Starek conscripts 60,000 troops and plants them along the Pskovite demilitarized border.
 * French Diplomacy: With the current situation getting out of control, we immediately declare support for the Anti-Juror Action, and immediately consider any further acts against the Communists to be an act of war against the People's Entente, and we immediately threaten to ensure that the alliance is envoked should any further executions continue.
 * Andea:The Nation of Andea rapidly expands its industry, with a growing call for labour rights. The average yearly wage increases to 550 reals, and for the first time the government set a yearly minum wage of 300 reals per year (for adults working full time jobs). The cost of living remains low, at roughly 1000 reals, with some areas having as low as 670 reals and as high as 8000 reals. City Living becomes more popular, as more jobs emerge in the industrial sector of the economy. The Cities of Cuzco, Peru, and Nazca all have populations Greater than one million, while Chirbaya-Cuzco has a population of 900,000. New Burgandy also grows to a population of 600,000. The Military stands at 550,000 men, with service remaining compulsory. Population continues to grow steadily, with the population standing at 46.6 Million and rising steadly. The Telephone/Communications industry continues to grow under a few large monopolies. This industry trend is not unique to, but most notable in the Communications Industry. The Hesperia First Party continues to gain political steam, while the Nationals and Republicans lose more and more power. 12 parties officially announce presidental canadicy: The Freedom Party, the Socalist Party, the Communist Party, the Isolationist Party, The Royalist Party, the National-Democratic Party, The Democratic Party, The Republican Party, The National Party, The Hesperia First Party, The United Hesperia Party, and the National-Democratic Republican Party. The Navy expands rapidly, with the introduction of Armored Cruisers and Greek fire. The Army also expands, with the adoption of the Galvin 2, an improved version of the Galvin Repeater. A new rifle, the Grant-Ramon Rifle, is adopted into the Andean Military. Census results, combined with government esitmates, place the number Andeans (Quechua, Mapuche or Mestizo) at 63% of the nations population, with the next largest group being Spanish (13%) French (9%), German (6%), East Asian (5%), and other (4%). Census Results find that the fastest growing ethnic group is East Asian.
 * Osea Confedereation: The Confederation increases its ties to Andea, as more Andeans move into the nation. The Government also begins to expand industry. The Lower Cost of Living in much of Osea draws in more Andean settlers, who find it easier to get by within the Confederation than Andea proper. Average wage is slightly lower than Andea, with the median being 490 reals. Cost of living stands at 800 reals on average, and is lower in some of the Republics (Santiago has the lowest at 690 reals, and East Osea and Buenos Aires are tied for the highest at 965 reals). Several Republics now have Andean majorities, including Santiago, Paraguay, Castile, and Cordoba. Population of the Confederation stands at nine million. The Territory of Patagonia is offically annexed.
 * The Caliphate: Drastically tries to develop military and the economy of the nation. We begin to construct the nation to its previous extent and glory. With the agreement with Rome, we begin to ease tensions with our previous enemy. Also, with the ownership of the entire Persian Gulf, we dominate trade in the region. We improve Mecca every year, donating a significant part of our treasury to the Holy City. A significant number of ships are built for our fleet. We resume to improve cities and establish the capital of the Caliphate as Baghdad, as for diplomatic reason, Mecca is impractical. We also start to press claims on Tartary-owned Persia and Central Asia. The Caliphate: with the war, we try to maintain our economy at a minimum. We begin to construct the nation to its previous extent and glory. With the agreement with Rome, we begin to ease tensions with our previous enemy. Also, with the ownership of the entire Persian Gulf, we dominate trade in the region. We improve Mecca every year, donating a significant part of our treasury to the Holy City. A significant number of ships are built for our fleet. We resume to improve cities and establish the capital of the Caliphate as Baghdad, as for diplomatic reason, Mecca is impractical. We also start to press claims on Tartary-owned Persia and Central Asia. We welcome and accept all trade proposals. Caliph Hakeem continues to incorporates the old system of Shura, democratically electing the new Caliph after the current one those, however, with a little modification: Caliphs can be only elected from one of four houses, all of them requiring to claim to come from Prophet Muhammad: House Hashemite, House Abbasid, House Fatimid, and the Alids or House of Ali, to please the Shias living in the realm. With the acquisition of Tartary Central Asia, we begin to promote a pan-Muslim state, instead of an Arab state. We emphasize that the Caliph is the leader of the entire Islamic community, rather than Arabs. With the conference finishing, most issues have been resolved and most tensions between Sunni and Shia have eased. However, it is not known if the schism has truely been mended. [MOD DECISION]
 * Mod Response: While most differences have either been resolved or at the least accepted, it is concluded that the two sects will largely remain separate, but at peace. At least, under current conditions.
 * Russia: The horrid oppression and fear mongering of the imperialist Grand Union regime has turned the tide of immigration, as hundreds of thousads of people begin to flee the nation for fear of being murdered (see, I can do it, too!). However, many of the immigrants are told to stay back in the Grand Union, and are armed. The armed peasants are then hidden back into Pskovian society. Non military age males, females, and children are trained in arms and are disguised as capitalists, being snuck into Pskov by the smugglers. These people combined form a rather quiet group Anti-Juror Action. For those who enter Russia, tales are told of their relatives being executed in the night. The Russian government condemns the Grand Union attack and boasts the fact that we made great gains in liberating the people of eastern Pskov. We issue a formal apology to Ruthenia for the border skirmish that happened years earlier. Meanwhile, on the home front, land redistribution finalizes, and the newly acquired land in Siberia begins a "Trans-Siberian Railroad". Military and Infrastructure. We ally with Romania.
 * In Spain, the nation continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities lead to more people moving to the cities. Stronger cements are produced, whatever that means, leading to the construction of much taller buildings, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Valencia, and Madrid. Steamboats and cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica and proposes a Trans-European rail link from Lisbon to Constantinople and Moscow/Pskov. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Aragon takes all the people from Edgistan. Boats and guns. Spain commissions a more ironclads based on the German designs. More artillery stuff. The Spanish government condemns the Communists. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain proposes the formation of an anti-Communist league. Spain also seeks the return of Gibraltar and Ceuta from Croatia. Spain declares war on the Netherlands for the glory of the Spanish empire. Spanish ships begin the attack on Dutch West Africa and the Dutch East Indies. #NoMoreWikiaChanges
 * Algeria: Expands 5000 sq km south as part of the nationalistic campaign to become a great nation in the African continent. Military technology is brought in from Spain, as well as other things. Algeria supports Spain's war but does not join it.
 * Navarre: Continues to fare well. Thanks to the union with Spain, Navarre's economy prospers. King Peter falls ill. Navarre provides limited aid to Spain in its current war but does not get heavily directly involved.
 * Andea joins her ally and declares war on the Netherlands, deploying to the Falkland Islands and Dutch South Africa
 * Imperial Japan: Decides to help her friends and joins the Anti-Dutch Colliation by declaring war on the Netherlands and send an invasion force of 40,000 to the Dutch East Indies.
 * Duchy of Oldenburg: Duke Christian VII thanks Hamburg for their condolences, and makes plans to visit his closest neighbour and ally next year. The Landtag devotes a lot of this year's budget towards modernising the military. Tales of Hamburg's "Maxim's Gun" are very appealing to the Army Brass, and plans are made to acquire some soon.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures towards Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself towards the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry, and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman troops mass in Bulgaria on the Vlachian border, demanding that the Communist government stand down and return to democratic principles or face invasion by the Roman Empire and the Holy League, of which Vlachia was a member. 
 * Africa:   The new Exarchate of Africa is formed to help rebuilt the region after the Roman intervention. Roman engineers and industrialists move in to help repair the infrastructure and get basic services back in motion. Telephone lines are laid, ports repaired, and railroads set back into motion. The Roman Empire also rebuilds many of the fortifications damaged in the intervention, to help protect the region now under Roman control. Fortifications soon ring the capital of Carthage and other major cities like Hippona, Oea, and Cirta. People with Berber or French heritage are brought in to aid in local administration and build up a sense of trust with the locals. Roman military officers begin training a dedicated and loyal militia forces to help the Roman forces in policing the territory. Expansion to the south in pursuit of trade begins in earnest.
 * Tatar Empire: The fall of the Tartary is a huge surprise, and many officials fled to Roman lands. However, the Roman Empire was able to set up a puppet government claiming legitimacy from the remnants of the Tartary. The Tatar royal family is installed as the leaders of this puppet state, with much of the government based on that of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire does what it can to industrialize and modernize the puppet state, which effectively only controls the Black Sea coast. Effort is put entirely into the army, as there is no power that can challenge the might of the Roman navy in the Black Sea. Demoralized remnants of the Tartar Army along with volunteers are trained by Roman officers to help get the state back on its feet.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Reme continues its current expansion into the native dark-grey clusterfuck, expanding another 150 pixels into it. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started to be worked on.
 * Algonquia: Is left conflicted by the civil infighting from last year. The new High Sachem the radical socialist Sikosew Inew, decides that a war will unify the nation and enable it to concentrate on external rather than internal enemies. Seeking to take advantage of the new military infrastructure and test out Keudek-Uzvards guns and breechloading artillery, a surprise attack is launched into Dutch Newfoundland via the leased area from Neu Juist. Heavily militarized, the area is sufficient to act as a base. Using the national guard and new militias, 300,000 men are mobilized for service. Although some chaos results, things generally work surprisingly well, and at least 250,000 are available for service in Newfoundland. Local Beothuk act as guides for the invading forces. Local militias are mobilized to serve as defence against counterattacks, while the heavily mined St. Lawrence is invulnerable to naval attack. The unprepared Dutch are quickly pushed back from the northwest of Newfoundland, as Algonquian Uzvards guns and artillery throw the Dutch out of their prepared positions, enabling the superior Algonquian numbers to overwhelm them.
 * Sahtudene: Expands another 5000 km, as does the colony of Kitlineq. Trade with the Pacfic via the Northwest Passage continues.
 * Lukaian: Builds up its economy, while the garrison remains on the defensive against a Dutch counterattack.


 * Imperial Japan: We join the war against the Dutch Empire and we seek to liberate them from European Colonialism by joining the Anti-Dutch coalition. By joining, we send an invasion force 40,000 troops to the Dutch East Indies. The joint Russo-Caliphate-Japanese Invasion of the Tartary has gone phenomanlly well and with the signing of the Treaty of Samarkland the Japanese gain former Tartary territory in the Sea of Omsk, and the territory is renamed Japanese Siberia. The soldiers who went to war return home and are hailed as national heroes and there is once again a resurgence in Japanese nationalism. The book "On the Tartary War" is published and we train soldiers based on the book in combination with the Hamburg book. After the Emperor has expressed his desire to spread the greatness of modern Japan to the rest of Asia he and his close advisors met on how to do this. During this time, the Emperor found out that he was a direct descendant of the Chinese Emperor Xu Fu, as various sources state that he died in Japan and he started the Japanese Royal Lineage. In light of this information, pamphlets are published stating how Emperor of Japan is a direct descendant of Emperor Xu Fu, as well as how great the standard of living is of modern Imperial Japan in comparison to the Shun Dynasty, thus the only logical conclusion is that the Emperor of Japan has the true Mandate of Heaven. The pamphlets are distributed via the various Japanese ports on mainland China. Thebook On The Hamburgian War is published and it chronicles the events of the Hamburgian War, the first modern war Japan has entered. It also writes down the strategies and taticts of the war. Thus, military academies pop up and use the book as a guide and many young men are enlisted to the Imperial Japanese military and massive military build up happens. We declare war on the Tartary by joining on the side of Russia and the Caliphate and send 30,000 soldiers to the Tartary. The 10,000 soldiers from the Hamburgian War return home in victory and are hailed as national Japanese heroes and there is a massive parade as a result of the victory and those who lived and died hold the highest honors in Japan, and shall forever go down in Japanese history as heroes. As a result of this victory, there is a surge of Japanese nationalism across the empire, for the tradition of both Japanese honor to our allies and Japanese militarism has resulted in the unification of the Philippines under Japanese rule, the fulfillment of our debt to Borelia, and a new friend, our former enemy Hamburg. These positive results ensure that the Japanese way is the best way, and we continue our militarism. While the war increased the build up of our industry, it also negatively effected the economy. As such, we continue to fund our military and work on our economy. In order to build up our economy, we propose a trade pact with all the participants of the Great Hamburgian War. We also send emergency aid to those afflicted by the tsunami in China by giving them food, water, and shelter. We begin rebuilding our military and expand our Papau territories.
 * ​Japanese Manchuria: In order to fuel our modernization of the mainland, mines are built on a massive scale in Japanese Manchuria as well as farms to grow food for the mainland. We encourage young Japanese males to immigrate to the sparsely populated Manchuria to build it up and we reward them large plots of land. Ports are also built up as well as railroads to link the mining and farming. Factories also pop up as well as schools and hospitals. We heavily invest in industrializing Japanese Manchuria. Econ/mil turn./
 * Japanese Formosa: We invest in Formosa by implementing a massive railroad construction program as well as port construction to further the transportation of Formosa. We implement a program of both industry and agriculture in Formosa, with the industry being for Japan and the agriculture being for Formosa. We also make massive public education reform in Formosa. Industry also speeds up as a result of the wartime economy. Econ/mil turn. ' 
 * Japanese Shanghai: We industrialize Shanghai and upgrade its port and infrastructure, including education. We have Shanghai specialize in shipbuilding and trading, making it a hub for trade in East Asia. We rapidly increase port building to make this city a hub for trade.
 * Northern Philippines: We welcome the former French Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy.
 * Southern Philippines: We welcome the former Hamburgian Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy.
 * Japanese Siberia: We welcome the former Tartary territory into our empire and we begin an extensive program to rebuild the area after the war by xpanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. We also expan the economy of the area.
 * Brazil:''' The first two battleships of the Braganza-class are completed, with a displacement of 5029 tons and a length of 93.33 meters. With an installed horsepower of 4500 these new ships can reach a speed of sixteen knots, and are armed with four 240 mm, six 120 mm guns, six 47mm guns, and five 356 mm torpedo tubes. Additionally, six Pará-class destroyers are completed, with a displacement of 560 long tons, and a length of 73 meters. Powered by vertical triple expansion steam engines, the Pará-class destroyers can reach a speed of twenty-seven knots. Each ship is also armed with two 102mm guns, four 47mm guns, and two single tubes for a8 in torpedoes. With violence mounting in the north along the border with Guianas, Nilo Peçanha as governor of the Amazonas colony begins organizing a militia to attack the Dutch as a unified force. As such multiple raids across the River Amazon ensue to deadly effect. Multiple settlements in the area held by our nation are attacked in retaliation, causing fury among the nation’s government. The Empire of Brazil’s foreign minister, José Paranhos, urges Emperor Pedro and the parliament to take action, believing the nation and its coalition of allies to be powerful enough for an invasion of Guianas. The nation votes for full scale war and declares war on the Kingdom of the Netherlands soon after. Our military is fully mobilized and siege weapons are prepared. Soon after the declaration of war a contingent of soldiers from Pará is mobilized and sent along the River Amazon. This well trained military force joins alongside experienced guerrilla fighters, and full scale war breaks out against a collection of Dutch towns in the vicinity. The Amazon campaign culminates in the Siege of Manaus, after the raids of the Brazilian regulars manage to cut off the city from re-inforcements by river. Cut off from re-inforcements down river, the city falls to Brazilian forces, unable to supply the city’s garrison. In the east the Brazilian navy is mobilized and moved north, joining the Brazilian army under Gaston d’Valois-Arc at Macapá, seized with little fighting within the first few days of the war. Believing a full scale march into the jungle to be too costly and foolish, Gaston orders Brazilian forces to hold the major cities in the north, electing to use local forces and militias to seize the region north of the River Amazon. The Brabanza and a detachment of six destroyers, supported by numerous other ships, follows the coast north before engaging the Dutch regional capital at Paramaribo. The large ships catch the Dutch by surprise, and the city is shelled from the shore for several days. Having tested the waters, the entirety of the Brazilian navy was mobilized to support the battleship, and also raid along the coast. A blockade is put into effect along the Guianas coast, while the majority of the Brazilian army is still prepared in the south. Several months into the conflict, the first Brazilian soldiers enter Paramaribo and other major cities on the coast, after an ambitious amphibious landing. Allied forces manage to secure the western section of the country, helping to alleviate pressure on our landing. By the end of the year, with the territory’s capital in our possession, an interim war government is created from Brazilian officials, and the last of the Dutch colonial government is captured. Additionally the Braganza continues north and successfully defeats a Dutch fleet in the Imperial Sea, pressuring the Dutch’s few remaining Imperial Sea possessions to surrender to our forces. A plan is created for further intervention in Africa, with a naval dispatch being sent to the Gulf of Guinea, seizing the region’s islands, and possibly paving the way for a landing in the continent. Believing a Dutch fleet to still be operational off the coast of Hesperia in the west, we begin preparations for an attack on Polynesia, hoping to eliminate the threat of a western invasion of Hesperia. The war jumpstarts the nation’s economy, with war time industries heavily increasing. The war also proves heavily profitable for Hesperia cash crop industries, as Guianas’ own plantations are seized to supply our own war ambitions.'''
 * Federal Commonwealth of Germany: Capital: Augsburg; Other cities: Wittelsbach, Munich, Vienna, Venice, Berlin; Population: 40.2 million. Commonly known as Bavaro-Germany. Brief history: Bavaro-Germany traces its roots to the Duchy of Bayern-Landshut. Over the course of the fifteenth-century, Bayern-Landshut was able to grow large enough to re-unite the fractured Duchy of Bavaria. In the sixteenth century, Bavaria made territorial gains in Saxony, Thuringia, and Swabia, as well as colonial advancements in Borealia.. In the seventeenth century, Bavaria helped to dismantle the Austrian monarchy, and won Brandenburg, Pomerania, and northern Austria as a result. In the eighteenth century, after a war with Spain, Bavaria acquired Venezia and several colonial holdings. A series of power-struggles and civil wars in the 1750s and 1760s changed Bavaria greatly, transforming it from a noble, feudal state to a high-class power. A further revolution in the 1790s federalized the country. In the 1870s and 1880s, lower-class revolts succeeded in abolishing the monarchy and instituting a left-wing government. Throughout its history, Bavaria has engendered a distinctive liberal tradition, including the Bavarian Commands of the 1490s, the Austrian Reconstruction in the 1660s, and Marian Commands in the 1790s, all of which events or documents greatly impacted the social, legal, and political fabric of the Bavarian nation.
 * National Developments: The grain, coal and railway industries remain heavily regulated. The Liberal Party remains in power in Augsburg. Women enter the national stage as ancient laws are repealed. However, many politicians fight to have women kept out of the government. In Stuttgart, the German Unification Party earns much support and attracts the eye of Hamburgian leadership. Markus Helenkamp wins the national chancellery elections of 1890, and continues to support German unification. In other news, Communist leaders are released from prison and allowed to remain in Bavaro-Germany. Bavaro-Germany joins the war on the Dutch, sending 100,000 troops and artillery weaponry.
 * Commonwealth of Bavaria:  The army is expanded, and the economy expands as well. Liberals maintain dominance in national government as conservatives retain the blame for economic disaster. Bavaria maintains alliances with Hamburg, Rome, France, Croatia, and Scandinavia. Markus Helenkamp continues serving as Chancellor, with elections coming up in 1895.
 * Commonwealth of Austria: The army and navy are expanded, as is the economy. Vienna remains a center of music, writing, art, and political power. The current governor is Leonardo von Benekat serving from 1885 to 1890. The Curia Austria remains one of the more moderate legislatures in the country, and is lax on regulation and economics.
 * Commonwealth of Brandenburg: The army is expanded, as is the economy. Berlin remains an important city in Germany, and hosts a large economic center for the whole country. Mikael von Urbacher is governor. The Liberal Party enacts a series of far-left reforms that slap heavy regulations on child labor and establishes government watchdog groups for several manufacturing companies. In Berlin, the Democratic Federal party is founded, advocating leftist policies and a strong central government. It is led by Magnus Alischermann. The Democrat Federalists are opposed by the older Berlin Conservatives, who advocate monarchism and social conservatism.
 * Commonwealth of Pomerania: The army and navy are expanded. Pomerania remains an important port for the country. The Curia Pomerania stands as a center-right beacon for German politics.
 * Commonwealth of Venezia: The army and navy are expanded. Venice remains one of the oldest and culturally diverse cities and ports in Germany, providing the country with a large Italian population. The Curia Venexia supports a largely center-left composure, supporting economic regulation to a limited degree and supporting most social liberal policies.
 * Commonwealth of Bremen: The army and navy are expanded. Bremen remains one of the most important and strategically located ports in all of the country. Being a part of Germany since the middle ages, the port of Bremen has served it loyally and is thus made a full commonwealth of the German nation. The political scene is moderately liberal.

1894
''' Many spectators were wowed by a Roman businessman's automobile at the Sparta Oylmpiad. Many return to their home countries, eager to recreate the design and begin in earnest. (Sorry about this, should've happened last turn.) '''


 * Well this is awkward, seeing as I had a guy patent a "motor carriage" design last year :/. -Guy

''' What this means is feel free to develop cars and stuff, just don't go overboard. Cars were limited until the early 1910s in OTL. '''

''' Pskovite lynch mobs generate considerable debate and outrage within the Grand Union, with many debating the merits of such action within a democratic society. '''


 * United German Kingdoms: New Mecklenburg, German West Africa, Kameroon, and New Lüneburg expand by 750 px. Seeing that the Netherlands has refused the UGKs offer, and they betrayed the UGK's trust when they refused to aid them in their previous war, the UGK declares a state of war between the two states is in effect. German troops station themselves on the Dutch border, not invading, however tempted, but only in case the Netherlands decides to invade. The majority of action occurs in the East Indies, where battle tested soldiers of German indochina and New Mecklenburg invade Malacca, Brunei, and Singapore, all long Hamburgian claims.


 * Indian Empire: Queen Nur Jehan was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 318,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented with ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of Bengal, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones. With the sudden war in East Indies, India launches an attack upon Dutch colonies. The Queen of India also takes note of the Empire of the Rising Sun, and visits Japan through the longer but safer land route.  [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 60.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 45.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Punjab's exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 36.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagar's exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Indian - British Diplomacy: The Indian Empire requests Britannia to hand over its Indian enclaves to the Indian Empire, just as the Roman Empire, Lankan Empire and the United German Kingdoms have done. [Mod Response]
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue to expand industry as a way to repair the economy after the end of the war. More and more people move to the city from the country in pursuit of jobs.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist, Neo-Confucian and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science.
 * The Union of Borealia asks to purchase the Solomon Islands, allowing any Korean and Japanese military presence to retain sovereignty. 
 * Korea Diplomacy: Monarch Hyomyeong kindly declines in selling Haejagang, as it is a province of Korea, and is Korea's only colony.
 * In the Grand Union (Pskov), the GDP rises along with average wages. The Inter-Republic Road network is expanded. The Science and technology aspect of Pskov is not overlooked either. As prosperity in the nation increases, the amount of money and new people investing in institutions of higher learning. As such, the various schools that existed in Nizhegorodsk-Na-Narve unite and form the "University of Nizhegorodsk", beginning a rivalry between it and Pskov. The idea of currency reform, to reform it to a decimal system is put out, in order to simplify much trade (even though it is already simple enough with multiples of 20). Zlatobrezhie becomes wealthier and wealthier as more people get used to over one hundred years of Pskovian governance. The first practical recoil-operated machine gun is developed by Emilian Glinka, nicknamed the Glinka gun. This new weapon's designs are purchased by the government, and Glinka is given a government contract to produce them. The Uzvards-Glinka Firearms Co. expands as more government contracts are heading their way for the production of the GUA-91 machine gun to replace older Uzvards models.Many more Einzbern model-93s are produced for the armed forces in industrial plants. More electric power stations are built as cities are electrified. The Conservatives set up another "International Slavic Congress", and invites representatives from all slavic nations to join a celebration of traditions that unite all slavs in Pskov. The Grand Union looks to the east with despair. The Government officially refuses to recognize the Socialist Republic, and decides to advance some forces in, promising asylum to all current residents. Many flee in the coming months, the Grand Union sends agents into Russia for the smuggling of human refugees fleeing the "red terror". Fortifications are built along the demilitarized zone, and some schools begin to "black out" captured areas on maps, calling them the "occupied territories". The border with Russia is strengthened along the demilitarized zone, which is quickly becoming, quite ironically, one of the most militarized zones in the world (due to lots of "you put one unit, I put two" mentality on both sides). The Jacobeit Airship Co. launches ten new airships this year, after revieving much funding from the government, and give them to the government as "personal transport craft". The government is defeated when they fail to pass their new budget this year, causing new elections to be called. Lynch mobs become a source of large debate, and what actions to be taken or new laws to be enacted to counter such threat. While things have been calming down quite a bit, with only two happening this month. The Social Christain Union, utilizing the public debate, promise to use their powers if they get elected in order to prosecute many participants, with the leaders promised to be at least sent to do penal labour in Africa. Some people, however, are supportive, because they believe that "people's justice" can acomplish what red tape cannot (with many still fearful of Communists as possible Russian agents). Tragedy strikes as three New Democratic, four Christian, and two Conservative deputees, as well as ten members of the council of nations are trampled to death in Riga while attempting to protect an innocent bystander the mob believed to be a Russian agent. This tragedy makes headlines, and even those who were happy to turn a blind eye when the only victims were Communist finally see the true danger of mob justice and mass hysteria. The Liberal interim-government, in an attempt to salvage their reputation, find the men responsible after three weeks of spending all resources in the investigation. The ten "ringleaders" are sentenced to "life in the mines of Africa" (a fate considered by many to be worse than death), while the other participants sentenced to between ten years in prison and 20 years in African mines. Many psychologists wonder at the culpability the crowd, and the distribution of responsibility internally. If one man is killed by 20, every member contributed, but they can all have a clean conscience because their individual blow is not the killing blow, and it is impossible to know which one actually did the act. Lynch mob legislation becomes a prime electoral issue, and one that the Christian Social Union used to their advantage to win this year's election. The first buisness, after the budget of course, was the initiation of new "anti-mob Legislation". The resources that go towards solving such crimes are increased significantly, and culpability is "distributed 80% to the leaders, and 20% evenly to the other participants, the logic being that the mob mentality makes it harder to go against the group, and thus limiting free will (also, they might not have landed killing blow). THe Penalties are life in the mines and hard labour. The final results are as follows: The government is formed by a coalition of the Christian social Union, controlling 304 seats, and the National-Conservative Party, controlling 116 seats. The Opposition is represented in an official capacity by the United Liberal Party, controlling 225 seats. The Government is also opposed by the New Democratic Party, controlling 96 seats, the Grand Union Agrarian Party, controlling 56 seats, the Lithuanian Nationalist Union, controlling 35 seats, the Latvian National Democratic Coalition, controlling 22 seats, and the Industrialist Faction, loosely represented by 16 seats. Ninety Seven members sit without allegiance, and thirty-three seats are vacant.
 * BoraliaFlag.png Union of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. More films are made this year, rivaling radio entertainment. New Munich becomes the first city partially run on electrical power, and now light bulbs begin replacing gas lamps. As scientists explore mechanisms at smaller levels, it is theorized that all matter behaves like a particle and wave. Machine guns continue to improve with Andean supplies. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Submarines begin to be built for the purpose of breaking through northern ice caps. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast. Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies.
 * The Territory of Australia: The ports continue to be expanded and the new city of Dandiri is built on the Pacific Coast. As more businesses are taken up by Muslim natives, the German colonists begin migrating to the new communities farther inland. Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. An irrigation program continues to be designed, with the hopes of aiding settlements in the outback. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry. The Curia grants Australia the rights and privileges of a State. 
 * The Borealian Maritime Territory: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base in Midway. The Borealian navy occupies the islands near Papua, and incorporates them into the territory. Some military aid is also given to the Dutch, although this sends a backlash as many see it as a violation of the Marmtilleq Declaration.
 * Colony of Kinshasa: Also this year, the Curia authorizes for the creation of a small settlement in central Africa, funded by the same entrepreneurs who opened up the northwest passage. The first objective of this company is to set up a mining company, opening up to the African natives as cheap labor. A few houses begin construction as well.
 * "Automobiles completely replace travel by horse": A humorous "screw you" to authority, honest mistake, or purposeful disregard for the word of the mods? YOU decide.Callumthered (talk) 13:49, June 10, 2015 (UTC)
 * a simple "no" would suffice
 * Distance is way too far for you to maintain any colony. #PraiseRoosevelt. 13:55, June 10, 2015 (UTC)
 * Downsized as per discussion
 * France: Military buildup and economic expansion continues. As the French government continues its Ten-Year Plan, we begin to finally celebrate the tenth anniversary of the French Revolution, in which Jacques Deschalms' personnel praises the Pskovite government in light of their recent attempts to stop the lynching of fellow Communists everywhere, and he also has desires to negotiate with Rome, in order to prevent war, although some of the more extreme members of the Politburo have actually proposed all-out war against Rome, these are rejected by Deschalms in favor of a compromise. France officially recommends Rome to sign the Treaty of Berlin of 1894 in Neutral Ground as part of a compromise to delay eventual conflict. Meanwhile, as Jacques Deschalms returns from the signing of the Treaty, he is later diagnosed with lung cancer, as a result of his smoking habit. He eventually decides to stop smoking, and he apparently appears less and less in public, due to his disease. However, in private, Deschalms chooses his successor: Daniel Paget, a former member of the People's Army, and also known for being among one of the most loyal members of the Communist Party of France. He was also a veteran of the French Civil War, and fought against enemy forces in the mainland, with forces under his command being able to defeat the Republicans during the Battle of Orleans and the Second Battle of Versailles. The announcement is kept secret until the day that Deschalms is to perish. In other news, cars begin to appear in the streets of Paris, and Versailles, allowing for increased transporation and faster ways of getting from city to city in hours instead of days, compared to wagons.
 * Bavaro-German Dip: We don't recall allowing Berlin to be the location of a treaty signing. We ask you to find another city in which to sign a treaty.
 * West Czechia: We continue to build up our military. The building of a railroad throughout the nation continues. Factories continue to make railroad tracks. Our local railroads now attach to the European railroads that are being made. Many factories hire both men and women. The farming industry is still the biggest industry of the nation. Our border control team now allows anyone into the nation. most people that come into our nation are people from the west that are Communists that do not fit in with western nations or that are from East Czechia that did not like that the country split. The military continues to send small special ops teams into East Czechia, so that we can kill important people of the nation. A few Communist politicians from West Czechia continue to go into East Czechia to make the nation Communist by having speeches and having revolts.
 * In  Spain, the nation continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities lead to more people moving to the cities. Stronger cements are produced, whatever that means, leading to the construction of much taller buildings, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Valencia, and Madrid. Steamboats and cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica and proposes a  Trans-European rail link  from Lisbon to Constantinople and Moscow/Pskov. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Aragon takes all the people from Edgistan. Boats and guns. Spain commissions a more ironclads based on the German designs. More artillery stuff. The Spanish government condemns the Communists. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain proposes the formation of an anti-Communist league. Spain also seeks the return of Gibraltar and Ceuta from Croatia. Spain declares war on  the Netherlands  for the glory of the Spanish empire. In West Africa, the conquest is easy and ends when Spanish forces defeat the last Dutch garrisons in the region. The colony of Spanish West Africa is declared. Meanwhile, the war in the East Indies continues, though not as successfully. #NoMoreWikiaChanges


 * Algeria: Expands 5000 sq km south as part of the nationalistic campaign to become a great nation on the African continent. Military technology is brought in from Spain, as well as other things. Algeria supports Spain's war but does not join it.
 * Navarre: Continues to fare well. Thanks to the union with Spain, Navarre's economy prospers. King Peter dies and is succeeded by King Charles of Spain. Navarre prepares to join the United Kingdom of Spain. Navarre provides limited aid to Spain in its current war but does not get heavily directly involved.
 * People's Republic of Poland: Now that the revolt in Czechia has reached a general stalemate and a temporary compromise reached for the moment, the majority of the troops sent to West Czechia are pulled out, leaving 100,000 troops out of the 600,000 troops sent there are still stationed there. HM Starek posts the remaining 500,000 troops along the Pskovite demilitarized border, now numbering 560,000 troops along the Pskovite border. He also decides to rebuild the harbour in the city of Gdansk, hoping to enhance it so that it may hold more ships in the future. General Secretary Sokoloff continues implementation of his Ten-Year Plan, now on its seventh year, which has greatly increased the industrial and agricultural output of Poland. More factories are built throughout the nation. Production of the ZW-93 continues and the army continues to be equipped with the new weapon. General Secretary publicly condemns the former Pskovite for its blatant disregard for the safety of its people for so long, allowing its own citizens to murder innocent Communists, but lauds the new government for finally taking action against the crimes being committed throughout the nation of Pskov. He declares that Poland is a safe haven for any Pskovite Communists who are fleeing the White Terror. Meanwhile, Foreign Minister Dubanowski continues funding of peaceful Communist groups in West Czechia, Silesia, Slovakia, Croatia, Romania, Transylvania, Ruthenia, Pskov, and Prussia. He also funds Anti-Juror Action in Pskov. The Foreign Minister also supports France in its endeavours to compromise with Rome. He also continues to prepare for Poland's entrance into the Olympics in 1896 at Augsburg.
 * ​In response to the increased aggression by Poland, The Grand Union increases presence in the now-ironically named demilitarized zone by 200,000 soldiers.
 * Federal Commonwealth of Germany: Capital: Augsburg; Other cities: Wittelsbach, Munich, Vienna, Venice, Berlin; Population: 40.2 million. Commonly known as Bavaro-Germany. Brief history: Bavaro-Germany traces its roots to the Duchy of Bayern-Landshut. Over the course of the fifteenth-century, Bayern-Landshut was able to grow large enough to re-unite the fractured Duchy of Bavaria. In the sixteenth century, Bavaria made territorial gains in Saxony, Thuringia, and Swabia, as well as colonial advancements in Borealia.. In the seventeenth century, Bavaria helped to dismantle the Austrian monarchy, and won Brandenburg, Pomerania, and northern Austria as a result. In the eighteenth century, after a war with Spain, Bavaria acquired Venezia and several colonial holdings. A series of power-struggles and civil wars in the 1750s and 1760s changed Bavaria greatly, transforming it from a noble, feudal state to a high-class power. A further revolution in the 1790s federalized the country. In the 1870s and 1880s, lower-class revolts succeeded in abolishing the monarchy and instituting a left-wing government. Throughout its history, Bavaria has engendered a distinctive liberal tradition, including the Bavarian Commands of the 1490s, the Austrian Reconstruction in the 1660s, and Marian Commands in the 1790s, all of which events or documents greatly impacted the social, legal, and political fabric of the Bavarian nation.
 * National Developments: The grain, coal and railway industries remain heavily regulated. The Liberal Party remains in power in Augsburg. Women enter the national stage as ancient laws are repealed. However, many politicians fight to have women kept out of the government. In Stuttgart, the German Unification Party earns much support and attracts the eye of Hamburgian leadership. Markus Helenkamp dies of heart failure in 1894, and his vice-chancellor Felipe DiRegenati succeeds him. DiRegenati states that he mourns the late chancellor dearly, and will campaign in 1895 to keep his legacy alive. Furthermore, he will also campaign in 1896, for chancellor of United Germany.
 * Commonwealth of Bavaria: The army is expanded, and the economy expands as well. Liberals maintain dominance in national government as conservatives retain the blame for economic disaster. Bavaria maintains alliances with Hamburg, Rome, France, Croatia, and Scandinavia. Felipe DiRegenati, a Venezian politican and Helenkamp's vice-chancellor since 1890, succeeds to the Chancellery following Helenkamp's untimely death in 1894.
 * Commonwealth of Austria: The army and navy are expanded, as is the economy. Vienna remains a center of music, writing, art, and political power. The current governor is Leonardo von Benekat serving from 1885 to 1890. The Curia Austria remains one of the more moderate legislatures in the country, and is lax on regulation and economics.
 * Commonwealth of Brandenburg: The army is expanded, as is the economy. Berlin remains an important city in Germany, and hosts a large economic center for the whole country. Mikael von Urbacher is governor. The Liberal Party enacts a series of far-left reforms that slap heavy regulations on child labor and establishes government watchdog groups for several manufacturing companies. In Berlin, the Democratic Federal party is founded, advocating leftist policies and a strong central government. It is led by Magnus Alischermann. The Democrat Federalists are opposed by the older Berlin Conservatives, who advocate monarchism and social conservatism.
 * Commonwealth of Pomerania: The army and navy are expanded. Pomerania remains an important port for the country. The Curia Pomerania stands as a center-right beacon for German politics.
 * Commonwealth of Venezia: The army and navy are expanded. Venice remains one of the oldest and culturally diverse cities and ports in Germany, providing the country with a large Italian population. The Curia Venexia supports a largely center-left composure, supporting economic regulation to a limited degree and supporting most social liberal policies.
 * Commonwealth of Bremen: The army and navy are expanded. Bremen remains one of the most important and strategically located ports in all of the country. Being a part of Germany since the middle ages, the port of Bremen has served it loyally and is thus made a full commonwealth of the German nation. The political scene is moderately liberal.
 * Mexaca: Continues the policy of industrial building, and begins working on improving the military. However, in the process, Communist revolutionaries in the Yucatan, Guatemala, and other parts of Southern Mexaca declare independence as the Socalist Republics of Mexaca, leading to tensions between the Empire and the SRM. Eventually, war breaks out with SRM forces attack the Mexacan fort of Maxamillian, killing over one hundred men. The Emperor of Mexaca declares a state of civil war between the Empire and the SRM, and deploys the military to fight against the rebels. However, the SRM has several compentent generals who prove capable of defeating the Mexacan forces. David Villa is the President of the SRM, and tries to gain support from overseas. Mexaca starts a blockade of the coast, and uses its larger army to fight the smaller forces of the SRM.
 * Romania: As we attempt to establish order in the country, aristocrats, bourgeois and the imperial family strikes back at the revolution. Armed, supplies and subsidised by the Roman Empire, they, despite lacking in the morale and passion of the Communist militias, began pushing back the People's Republic's Armed Forces, now named the People's Liberation Army. This, combined with the fear of a Roman intervention, led to Mihai Ardelean, premier of the People's Republic, proclaiming a strategic retreat into Moldavia and leaving all lands West of Danube to the aristocrats and dubs it "The Great March". However, Mihai also commanded the removal of all industrial machinery from Walachia to Moldavia, along with the burning of farmlands in Walachia to effectively "starve out" the bourgeois and aristocrats. In June, 23rd, the march began. More than one hundred thousand Communist militias set off, as well as up to a million Wallachian civilians, fearing persecution and revenge from the aristocrats and bourgeois. With control over Dobruja, the most populated and industrialised part of the country, and Moldavia, as well as the immigration from the Great March, the PRR controls more than 70% of Romania's population. In Moldavia and Dobruja, we begin agricultural industrialisation, implementing industrial fertilisers in farming. We send most of our army to the border between Romania and Rome and start building a series of forts and defenses across it.
 * Romanian Dip: We enter the People's Entente. We ask for technological support from Communist nations.
 * Duchy of Oldenburg: The entire nation is getting ready for next year's entry into the United Commonwealth of Germany. As the clock ticks down, the nation's newspapers reflect on the achievements of an independent Oldenburg, and ponder the greatness it could reach as part of a strong, unified Germany. Military expands.
 * Shun China: Outraged at the "insults on the monarch" aimed at his lack of skill in ruling the country, the monarch declares war on Japan, launching an invasion of Korea. In retaliation, revolters attack a military base. In retaliation, the emperor declares all potential revolters enemies of the state, accusing them of treason, initiating the Chinese Civil War. The revolters are in three different factions: Those that support Communism, those that support democracy and those that support the monarchy but want a new dynasty. The latter is weak, but the former two are stronger, with the Communists making up most of the rebels. An army mutiny begins with many soldiers favouring the idea of a new dynasty in charge but some supporting the other two factions. We send Borealia a message asking for aid in the Civil War.
 * Korea Diplomacy: In response to the Chinese invasion, Prime Minister Kim Hong-jip declares war against China and deploys 145,000 military personnel to fight against the invading forces.
 * Imperial Japan: We declare war on China and assist Korea with 5000 troops. Just ask, and we shall provide with help, meanwhile, we launch an invasion on China.  
 * Morocco: The Kingdom of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 200,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 9.2 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 82,000 soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships and 14 frigates. The nation expands by 1000 px per year to keep it stronger and independent, with a few new cities are built, roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer schools, museums, colleges and more houses and mining planets are built. The mining plants produces materials coal and iron, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. A few docks and mosques are built. In political news, the previous king Aslal I dies at age 58 and Abdelaziz succeeds to throne as the new king of Morocco. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and one new railway line are opened in service. All of 14 wooden frigates are finally upgraded to armored iron frigates built by Moroccan harbors in Essaouira and Safi and Abdelaziz thinks the Moroccan navy no longer needs wooden ships as weakest. Sultan Abdelaziz continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. Morocco continue improving relations with Roman Empire and France to seek friendly alliances in future. Morocco continues to claim northern parts of UGK West Africa from United German Kingdoms, which later on in future they join Morocco. Morocco prepares for entrance into the Olympic Games in 1896 at Augsburg.
 * Emeraldie: New construction starts on the nation's ports, farms and mines to increase the nation's exports and economic strength. The government enacts major overhauls to the nations military, particularly its navy, part of which includes the construction of several modern ironclads and three armoured cruisers. The land forces is reorganised to include 80,000 men, with 60,000 in reserve. The government enacts several new policies designed to encourage the industrialisation of the nation. We expand 800 px into the continents interior.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories: The more colonists and missionaries arrive in the region after the Emeraldian government portrays the territories as a lush tropical paradise. The Emeraldian navy announces the creation of the South Pacific station, which is designed to establish a true military presence in the region. The territory government is granted the ability to control a small armed force to maintain peace in the region and protect from native aggression, its current numbers are around 1000 men.
 * Emeraldie Dip: We honour our alliance with Andea and invade Dutch Guiana. We also support the Royalists in Mexica by sending supplies to them, as well as encouraging volunteers to fight in the Mexican royalist armies.
 * Andea:The Nation of Andea rapidly expands its industry, with a growing call for labour rights. The average yearly wage increases to 550 reals, and for the first time the government set a yearly minum wage of 300 reals per year (for adults working full time jobs). The cost of living remains low, at roughly 1000 reals, with some areas having as low as 670 reals and as high as 8000 reals. City Living becomes more popular, as more jobs emerge in the industrial sector of the economy. The cities of Cuzco, Peru and Nazca all have populations Greater than one million, while Chirbaya-Cuzco has a population of 900,000. New Burgandy also grows to a population of 600,000. The Military stands at 550,000 men, with service remaining compulsory. Population continues to grow steadily, with the population standing at 46.6 Million and rising steadly. The Telephone/Communications industry continues to grow under a few large monopolies. This industry trend is not unique to, but most notable in the Communications Industry. The Hesperia First Party continues to gain political steam, while the Nationals and Republicans lose more and more power. 12 parties officially announce presidential candidacy: The Freedom Party, the Socalist Party, the Communist Party, the Isolationist Party, The Royalist Party, the National-Democratic Party, The Democratic Party, The Republican Party, The National Party, The Hesperia First Party, The United Hesperia Party, and the National-Democratic Republican Party. The Navy expands rapidly, with the introduction of Armored Cruisers and Greek fire. The Army also expands, with the adoption of the Galvin 2, an improved version of the Galvin Repeater. A new rifle, the Grant-Ramon Rifle, is adopted into the Andean Military. Census results, combined with government estimates, place the number Andeans (Quechua, Mapuche or Mestizo) at 63% of the nations population, with the next largest group being Spanish (13%), French (9%), German (6%), East Asian (5%), and other (4%). Census results find that the fastest growing ethnic group is East Asian. War against the Dutch continues, with Andean forces sweeping through the Falkland Islands and being successful in their invasion of South Africa.
 * Osea Confederation: The Confederation increases its ties to Andea, as more Andeans move into the nation. The Government also begins to expand industry. The lower cost of living in much of Osea draws in more Andean settlers, who find it easier to get by within the Confederation than Andea proper. Average wage is slightly lower than Andea, with the median being 490 reals. Cost of living stands at 800 reals on average, and is lower in some of the Republics (Santiago has the lowest at 690 reals, and East Osea and Buenos Aires are tied for the highest at 965 reals). Several Republics now have Andean majorities, including Santiago, Paraguay, Castile, and Cordoba. Population of the Confederation stands at nine million. The Territory of Patagonia is offically annexed.
 * Federal Commonwealth of Germany: Capital: Augsburg; Other cities: Wittelsbach, Munich, Vienna, Venice, Berlin; Population: 40.2 million. Commonly known as Bavaro-Germany. Brief history: Bavaro-Germany traces its roots to the Duchy of Bayern-Landshut. Over the course of the fifteenth-century, Bayern-Landshut was able to grow large enough to re-unite the fractured Duchy of Bavaria. In the sixteenth century, Bavaria made territorial gains in Saxony, Thuringia, and Swabia, as well as colonial advancements in Borealia.. In the seventeenth century, Bavaria helped to dismantle the Austrian monarchy, and won Brandenburg, Pomerania, and northern Austria as a result. In the eighteenth century, after a war with Spain, Bavaria acquired Venezia and several colonial holdings. A series of power-struggles and civil wars in the 1750s and 1760s changed Bavaria greatly, transforming it from a noble, feudal state to a high-class power. A further revolution in the 1790s federalized the country. In the 1870s and 1880s, lower-class revolts succeeded in abolishing the monarchy and instituting a left-wing government. Throughout its history, Bavaria has engendered a distinctive liberal tradition, including the Bavarian Commands of the 1490s, the Austrian Reconstruction in the 1660s, and Marian Commands in the 1790s, all of which events or documents greatly impacted the social, legal, and political fabric of the Bavarian nation.
 * National Developments: The grain, coal and railway industries remain heavily regulated. The Liberal Party remains in power in Augsburg. Women enter the national stage as ancient laws are repealed. However, many politicians fight to have women kept out of the government. In Stuttgart, the German Unification Party earns much support and attracts the eye of Hamburgian leadership. Markus Helenkamp wins the national chancellery elections of 1890, and continues to support German unification. In other news, Communist leaders are released from prison and allowed to remain in Bavaro-Germany.
 * Commonwealth of Bavaria: The army is expanded, and the economy expands as well. Liberals maintain dominance in national government as conservatives retain the blame for economic disaster. Bavaria maintains alliances with Hamburg, Rome, France, Croatia, and Scandinavia. Markus Helenkamp continues serving as Chancellor, with elections coming up in 1895.
 * Commonwealth of Austria: The army and navy are expanded, as is the economy. Vienna remains a center of music, writing, art, and political power. The current governor is Leonardo von Benekat serving from 1885 to 1890. The Curia Austria remains one of the more moderate legislatures in the country, and is lax on regulation and economics.
 * Commonwealth of Brandenburg: The army is expanded, as is the economy. Berlin remains an important city in Germany, and hosts a large economic center for the whole country. Mikael von Urbacher is governor. The Liberal Party enacts a series of far-left reforms that slap heavy regulations on child labor and establishes government watchdog groups for several manufacturing companies. In Berlin, the Democratic Federal party is founded, advocating leftist policies and a strong central government. It is led by Magnus Alischermann. The Democrat Federalists are opposed by the older Berlin Conservatives, who advocate monarchism and social conservatism.
 * Commonwealth of Pomerania: The army and navy are expanded. Pomerania remains an important port for the country. The Curia Pomerania stands as a center-right beacon for German politics.
 * Commonwealth of Venezia: The army and navy are expanded. Venice remains one of the oldest and culturally diverse cities and ports in Germany, providing the country with a large Italian population. The Curia Venexia supports a largely center-left composure, supporting economic regulation to a limited degree and supporting most social liberal policies.
 * Commonwealth of Bremen: The army and navy are expanded. Bremen remains one of the most important and strategically located ports in all of the country. Being a part of Germany since the middle ages, the port of Bremen has served it loyally and is thus made a full commonwealth of the German nation. The political scene is moderately liberal.
 * Brazil: War with the Kingdom of the Netherlands continues, particularly in the jungles north of the River Amazon. By the middle of the year the cities of the Guianas have been captured by soldiers from Brazil and Emeraldie, and the Guianas colonial government surrenders. The focus in the Amazonas switches entirely to local militias and native forces to continue the war, however by this point the majority of Dutch forces have surrendered as well. Naval assets assist in the Emeraldie takeover of Dutch islands in the Imperial Sea, and also off the coast of Africa, where Spanish forces are making headway. A forward operating base is established in the Gulf of Guinea, ready to provide assistance to ground troops along the coast. Additionally a naval expedition is launched into the Pacific Ocean, arriving in Dutch Polynesia this year. Numerous island chains are captured, and we begin assisting the war in the Pacific against the Dutch Pacific Fleet. Although initially many republicans advocated for Brazilian neutrality, in order to preserve and maintain markets for the export of coffee and other crops, the conflict is now seen as a way to create possible new markets in Africa and the Pacific, and the Brazilian government is prepared to negotiate terms involving trade rights in the Netherlands and their former empire. With the war ending in general success for Brazil and its allies, a conference at The Hague is proposed to begin negotiating peace. A large delegation, including Dom Pedro I himself, Pinheiro Machado as prime minister, José Paranhos as foreign minister, Gaston d’Valois-Arc as minister of war, Henry Bartle Frere as deputy to the minister of war, João da Cruz e Sousa on behalf of Nilo Peçanha, governor of the Amazonas, and as provincial foreign minister, and Fernando Octavio de L Menezes, Professor of International Law at Santa Cruz. Trade alliances/agreements with the nations of Borealia are accepted, as is the marriage proposal from the nation of Croatia.
 * Imperial Japan: Emperor Yamamoto Raijingusan Genryuusai is outraged and infuriated with the Shun Dynasty, with his rage personally kindled against the new Emperor of China, for the New Emperor of China has not only declared war on Imperial Japan, but also invaded our allies, and worse off, their allies, the Empire of Korea, all because Imperial Japan “insulted” them. Not only was the New Emperor of China both a fool for going against the strongest nation in Asia (Japan), and a dishonorable backstabber for invading his former allies of Korea, but also is inept and incompetent, for he lead his own nation, the once great Shun Dynasty, to collapse into anarchy and civil war for the petty reason of feeling “insulted”. The Emperor of Japan has no remorse for this poor excuse of a leader, and states that all the events that happened this year are proof of all the insults/ “The Emperor of China neither desires pity nor mercy” Since the Emperor of China caused disorder to his own nation,  in order to restore order in China we are forced to declare war on the Shun Dynasty. The Emperor’s of China betrayal of Korea and  the new Emperor of China is made public throughout Japan and we mobilize a force of 250,000 men for the initial invasion of Shun China, with a reserve force of 50,000. The invasion is launched from the Sino-Korean border and the invasion plan is to cross the Sino-Korean border and advance to Beijing, the capital of Shun China. The invading army is helped with the publication of the books on the Hamburgian War, the Tartary War, The Dutch War, and the Chinese Invasion of Korea (two of these are published this year.) as well as a surge of nationalism. All the nations industry is dedicated to this war and as a result the nations military expands. We cease military operations in the Dutch East Indies as we enter diplomatic mode and our troops return as heroes. Mil/Infra turn.
 * ​Japanese Manchuria: In order to fuel our modernization of the mainland, mines are built on a massive scale in Japanese Manchuria as well as farms to grow food for the mainland. We encourage young Japanese males to immigrate to the sparsely populated Manchuria to build it up and we reward them large plots of land. Ports are also built up as well as railroads to link the mining and farming. Factories also pop up as well as schools and hospitals. We heavily invest in industrializing Japanese Manchuria. Econ/mil turn. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Formosa: We invest in Formosa by implementing a massive railroad construction program as well as port construction to further the transportation of Formosa. We implement a program of both industry and agriculture in Formosa, with the industry being for Japan and the agriculture being for Formosa. We also make massive public education reform in Formosa. Industry also speeds up as a result of the wartime economy. Econ/mil turn. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Shanghai: We industrialize Shanghai and upgrade its port and infrastructure, including education. We have Shanghai specialize in shipbuilding and trading, making it a hub for trade in East Asia. We rapidly increase port building to make this city a hub for trade.
 * Northern Philippines: We welcome the former French Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Southern Philippines: We welcome the former Hamburgian Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Japanese Siberia: We welcome the former Tartary territory into our empire and we begin an extensive program to rebuild the area after the war by expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. We also expan the economy of the area. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures towards Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself towards the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry, and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman and Vlachian forces move in, securing the southern part of the country and stopping at the Wallachian-Moldavian border, as per the compromise between the Communists and Monarchists.
 * Africa:   The new Exarchate of Africa is formed to help rebuilt the region after the Roman intervention. Roman engineers and industrialists move in to help repair the infrastructure and get basic services back in motion. Telephone lines are laid, ports repaired, and railroads set back into motion. The Roman Empire also rebuilds many of the fortifications damaged in the intervention, to help protect the region now under Roman control. Fortifications soon ring the capital of Carthage and other major cities like Hippona, Oea, and Cirta. People with Berber or French heritage are brought in to aid in local administration and build up a sense of trust with the locals. Roman military officers begin training a dedicated and loyal militia forces to help the Roman forces in policing the territory. Expansion to the south in pursuit of trade begins in earnest.
 * Tatar Empire: The fall of the Tartary is a huge surprise, and many officials fled to Roman lands. However, the Roman Empire was able to set up a puppet government claiming legitimacy from the remnants of the Tartary. The Tatar royal family is installed as the leaders of this puppet state, with much of the government based on that of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire does what it can to industrialize and modernize the puppet state, which effectively only controls the Black Sea coast. Effort is put entirely into the army, as there is no power that can challenge the might of the Roman navy in the Black Sea. Demoralized remnants of the Tartar Army along with volunteers are trained by Roman officers to help get the state back on its feet.
 * In Silesia, the defensive fortifications with Poland near completion. This plan includes extensive use of trenches that are set to house defensive efforts. We invest heavily in the most modern types of artillery to further strengthen our positions. Unions continue to develop in coal mines, which become increasingly profitable. The economy also starts to diversify, as steel-works are now vying with the mines for labor. The Cathedral of Wrocłow continues to be built. The spread of transitional Communism among the ranks of die-hard Communists continues. Meanwhile, in Katowicy, a young inventor by the name of Viktor Cienawski releases plans for a four-legged mechanized carriage. The idea catches on marvelously with the upper classes of Silesian society, and soon he has enough investment to form Automatyczne Przewóz Fabryka  Katowicy (Automated Carriage Factory of Katowicy, or APFK), which begins to slowly and meticulously develop automobiles.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Reme continues its current expansion into the native dark-grey clusterfuck, expanding another 150 pixels into it. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started to be worked on.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started to be worked on.

1895
''' Bavaria, Hamburg, and Oldenburg officially unite this year into the United Commonwealth of Germany. While Germans celebrate, many others are worried. While most world leaders send congratulations, some worry the united Germany will change the balance of power in Europe, while others are suspicious of the new Germany and its agreements after Hamburg's attempted backstab of its ally the Netherlands. '''

''' Roman and Vlachian forces center themselves around the "provisional" capital of Bucharest while Communist forces solidify their control over the equally "provisional" capital of Iasi. '''


 * Commonwealth Kingdoms of Hamburg, Hanover, Prussia, Westphalia-Rhineland, Kuba, and the non-incorporated Kingdom of New Rugia: New Mecklenburg, German West Africa, New Lüneburg, and Kameroon expand 750 px each. The population of the Kingdoms celebrates German unification, taking to the streets for days in joyous celebration. In the administrative end, the government works to solidify Hamburg's jurisdiction in the former Rhineland, Mainz, and Palatinate after their mediation to Hamburg. In Prussia, the attempts by Poland to spark a Communist movement is met with open hostility, and on several occasions, their spies encounter violence that makes the events in Pskov seem tame. Poland is then sent a message, demanding they cease their activities, lest their own people they send to Prussia suffer. Hamburg is also pleased by Borealia's willingness to negotiate regarding the German territories in the New World. While they note that fringe, often far-left, nationalist parties have always existed and they are allowed to run for office, they disagree with the term that allows them to be funded by offices in Borealia, noting that previous law banned foreign donations to political parties running for office. But Hamburg waits for Bavarias and Oldenburgs input before writing an official response.
 * ​Commonwealth States Dip: We fully support Hamburg's stance against foreign donations to political parties.
 * Oldenburger Dip: The Duke agrees with Hamburg's wise proposal. 


 * Indian Empire: Queen Nur Jehan was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 318,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented with ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of Bengal, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones. Empress Farah Shah visits Baghdad where she signs the Tripartite Pact along with Caliph Hakeem bin Malik and Emperor Yamamoto Raijingusan.. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 60.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 45.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Punjab's exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 36.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagar's exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist, Neo-Confucian and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science. Following a successful repel of the Chinese forces, Prime Minister Kim Hong-jip orders the 142,000 military personnel to continue on and invade China for revenge.
 * In  Spain, the nation continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities lead to more people moving to the cities. Stronger cements are produced, whatever that means, leading to the construction of much taller buildings, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Valencia, and Madrid. Steamboats and cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica and proposes a  Trans-European rail link  from Lisbon to Constantinople and Moscow/Pskov. The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Aragon takes all the people from Edgistan. Boats and guns. Spain commissions a more ironclads based on the German designs. More artillery stuff. The Spanish government condemns the Communists. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain proposes the formation of an anti-Communist league. Spain also seeks the return of Gibraltar and Ceuta from Croatia. Spain wins the war against the Netherlands. The now Spanish colony of West Africa expands 500 px inward for each half, totaling 1000 px. In the East Indies, Spain crafts the new colonies of Malay and the Spanish East Indies (Sumatra and Java). Spain also forms a protectorate in Singapore. Navarre is officially incorporated into Spain. Spain supports the Mexacan democratic government. # NoMoreWikiaChanges


 * ​ Algeria:  Expands 5000 sq km south as part of the nationalistic campaign to become a great nation on the African continent. Military technology is brought in from Spain, as well as other things.
 * Singapore: Begins to recover from the economic problems created by the war. Singapore also begins to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain.
 * France: Military buildup and economic expansion continue. Jacques Deschalms announces support for the Mexacan Rebels and immediately sends the People's Navy to break the blockade conducted by Mexacan forces. Although this is meant to be a purely naval operation, no ground troops are to be sent to Mexacan soil due to the risk of tensions. However, if we can break the blockade, France will be able to send humanitarian aid to the rebels, and provide weapons and equipment for rebel use. Meanwhile, Deschalms officially announces his health issues and announces the choosing of his successor, while France immediately decides to make round of naval exercises in the Mediterranean. Meanwhile, in domestic news, the Ten-Year Plan finally finishes rebuilding the nation, four years ahead of schedule. However, the Ten-Year Plan continues to adapt France to Communism, and to help modernize the nation.
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue to expand industry as a way to repair the economy after the end of the war. More and more people move to the city from the country in pursuit of jobs.
 * BoraliaFlag.png Union of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. More films are made this year, rivaling radio entertainment. New Munich becomes the first city partially run on electrical power, and now light bulbs begin replacing gas lamps. As scientists explore mechanisms at smaller levels, it is theorized that all matter behaves like a particle and wave. Machine guns continue to improve with Andean supplies. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Submarines begin to be built for the purpose of breaking through northern ice caps. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast. Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. Seeing as how China violated the sanctity of Pacific Trade by invading Korea, the Curia declares a state of hostility with the Chinese government, and begins funding the Republican rebels in the region. Sanctions will be declared if China shows any more aggression against its neighbors. Also this year, a fake radio broadcast convinces thousands that a massive earthquake was about to strike San Francisco. Even after the debacle was dealt with, panic still looms over the possibility of an earthquake in the region, causing many to invest in means of avoiding such a disaster.
 * The State of Australia: The ports continue to be expanded and the new city of Dandiri is built on the Pacific Coast. As more businesses are taken up by Muslim natives, the German colonists begin migrating to the new communities farther inland. Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. An irrigation program continues to be designed, with the hopes of aiding settlements in the outback. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry.
 * The Borealian Maritime Territory: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base in Midway. The Borealian navy occupies the islands near Papua, and incorporates them into the territory. Some military aid is also given to the Dutch, although this sends a backlash as many see it as a violation of the Marmtilleq Declaration.
 * Colony of Kinshasa: Also this year, the Curia authorizes for the creation of a small settlement in central Africa, funded by the same entrepreneurs who opened up the northwest passage. The first objective of this company is to set up a mining company, opening up to the African natives as cheap labor. A few houses begin construction as well.
 * People's Republic of Poland: General Secretary Sokoloff is happy with the current period of peace that seems to be upon Poland, and is grateful that Rome and Romania could find a peaceful solution to the tensions between the two nations. The General Secretary give an official declaration of support in protecting North Romania's sovereignty in the future. He also continues the implementation of his Ten Year Plan, now on its eighth year, which continues to increase the industrial and agricultural output of Poland. More factories are built throughout the nation. Meanwhile, the idea of automobiles reaches Poland, and some of Poland's great engineers and designers start making designs based on the information that has released the nation. HM Starek continues rebuilding the harbour of Gdansk, repairing it to modern standards. The HM also starts building of fortifications upon the Pskovite demilitarized border, as the amount of troops Pskov has posted on the border has made him more aware of the possible threat of another war in the future. He also continues production of the ZW-93 and its equipment throughout the Polish Army. Foreign Minister Dubanowski continues funding of peaceful Communist organizations in West Czechia, Silesia, Slovakia, Croatia, North Romania, Ruthenia, Pskov, and Prussia. The Foreign Minister also continues funding of the Anti-Juror Action in Pskov. He also continues preparing Poland for its entrance into the Olympics in the following year. 
 * In Silesia, Sabor elections take place. A major power struggle took place early in the year when Voivode Patryk Waldau and Iwan Pilarska, the Ban, fought over whether or not the Communists should be allowed to contest the elections. Pilarska, being the typical liberal, believed that they had as much a right as any other party while Waldau felt that national security precluded the option. Ultimately, the Republican coalition partner of the Liberals defected, siding with Waldau. In the elections, the Republicans have the largest pick-up, but the Conservatives and Nationals also have pick-ups at the expense of the Liberals. When Ban elections come up, the Liberals (who had ousted Pilarska as leader) backed a fringe Republican named Franciszek Wikóz over the Conservative candidate. When a 75-75 tie emerged (as Pilarska backed his Conservative rival over his Republican enemy), Voivode Waldau cast the deciding vote for Wikóz. The new Ban oversees the continued development of unions, which spread to factories this year. The Cathedral of Wrocłow continues to be built. Viktor Cienawski's Automatyczne Przewóz Fabryka Katowicy (APFK) continues to slowly and meticulously develop automobiles. The economy and infrastructure grow.
 * Romania: In Moldavia and Dobruja, we begin agricultural industrialisation, implementing industrial fertilisers in farming. We send most of our army to the border between Romania and Rome and start building a series of forts and defences across it and we finish creating a line of trenches, now expanding it to artillery forts and machine gun nests (Is the Machine Gun invented yet?). With the civil war drawing to a close with fear of Roman intervention, we start decreasing our army from 200,000 militias to 40,000 elite forces. In Iasi, we establish our first fertiliser factory with production of up to 300 tons of fertilisers year. The fertilisers are sent to the most fertile lands of the People's Republic, which would be used to increase agricultural production. We also build our first industrialized iron mill in Constanta. With the invention of the automobile, some military officials see use in it, especially to conduct rapid warfare. The speed and relative durability of the automobile delighted Mihai Ardelean, who thought that it can be used to conduct a quick attack into the Romanian homelands of Walachia and Transylvania and construct a defence line along the border before Roman reaction. As a result, Romanian scientists begin studying the automobile. Meanwhile, some small-scale collectivisation begins to occur in Dobruja, the most fertile region of the Republic, encouraged by the government.
 * Romanian Dip: We ask for technological support from Communist nations.
 * Just to let you know that the region of Transylvania now serves as the new Hungarian homeland of Carpathia. Most of the population consists of Hungarians as a result.
 * Andea: The Nation of Andea rapidly expands its industry, with a growing call for labour rights. The average yearly wage increases to 550 reals, and for the first time the government set a yearly minum wage of 300 reals per year (for adults working full time jobs). The cost of living remains low, at roughly 1000 reals, with some areas having as low as 670 reals and as high as 8000 reals. City Living becomes more popular, as more jobs emerge in the industrial sector of the economy. The cities of Cuzco, Peru and Nazca all have populations Greater than one million, while Chirbaya-Cuzco has a population of 900,000. New Burgandy also grows to a population of 600,000. The Military stands at 550,000 men, with service remaining compulsory. Population continues to grow steadily, with the population standing at 46.6 Million and rising steadly. The Telephone/Communications industry continues to grow under a few large monopolies. This industry trend is not unique to, but most notable in the Communications Industry. The Hesperia First Party continues to gain political steam, while the Nationals and Republicans lose more and more power. 12 parties officially announce presidential candidacy: The Freedom Party, the Socalist Party, the Communist Party, the Isolationist Party, The Royalist Party, the National-Democratic Party, The Democratic Party, The Republican Party, The National Party, The Hesperia First Party, The United Hesperia Party, and the National-Democratic Republican Party. The Navy expands rapidly, with the introduction of Armored Cruisers and Greek fire. The Army also expands, with the adoption of the Galvin 2, an improved version of the Galvin Repeater. A new rifle, the Grant-Ramon Rifle, is adopted into the Andean Military. Census results, combined with government estimates, place the number Andeans (Quechua, Mapuche or Mestizo) at 63% of the nations population, with the next largest group being Spanish (13%), French (9%), German (6%), East Asian (5%), and other (4%). Census results find that the fastest growing ethnic group is East Asian.
 * Osea Confederation: The Confederation increases its ties to Andea, as more Andeans move into the nation. The Government also begins to expand industry. The lower cost of living in much of Osea draws in more Andean settlers, who find it easier to get by within the Confederation than Andea proper. Average wage is slightly lower than Andea, with the median being 490 reals. Cost of living stands at 800 reals on average, and is lower in some of the Republics (Santiago has the lowest at 690 reals, and East Osea and Buenos Aires are tied for the highest at 965 reals). Several Republics now have Andean majorities, including Santiago, Paraguay, Castile, and Cordoba. Population of the Confederation stands at nine million. The Territory of Patagonia is offically annexed.
 * Protectorate of Cape Ferdinand: The Protectorate, now free of the Dutch, begins an expansion of its navy and military. An Andean garrison of 35,000 men is stationed in the territory, with an additional 5000 local troops. The territory remains a critical location for travel. Population stands at 80,000. In the Name of Cape Ferdinand, Andea seeks to establish trade with the Caliphate.
 * Morocco: The Kingdom of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 200,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 9.4 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 84,000 soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships and 14 frigates. The nation expands by 1000 px per year to keep it stronger and independent, with a few new cities are built, roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. The Moroccan territory now removes another 700 px in west, Moroccan settlers that settled previously in this land will move to largest cities like Casablanca and Rabat. Fewer schools, museums, colleges and more houses and mining planets are built. The mining plants produces materials coal and iron, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. A few docks and mosques are built. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and one new railway line are opened in service. Sultan Abdelaziz continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. Morocco continue improving relations with Roman Empire and France to seek friendly alliances in future. Morocco continues to claim northern parts of UGK West Africa from United German Kingdoms, which later on in future they join Morocco.
 * West Czechia: We continue to build up our military. The building of a railroad throughout the nation continues. Factories continue to make railroad tracks. Our local railroads now attach to the European railroads that are being made. Many factories hire both men and women. The farming industry is still the biggest industry of the nation. Our border control team now allows anyone into the nation. most people that come into our nation are people from the west that are Communists that do not fit in with western nations or that are from East Czechia that did not like that the country split. The military continues to send small special ops teams into East Czechia, so that we can kill important people of the nation. A few Communist politicians from West Czechia continue to go into East Czechia to make the nation Communist by having speeches and having revolts. Our leader does not like that three nations joined together to form one big nation called Germany. We ask East Czechia to unify with us due to The unification of Germany.
 * Mexaca: Is still in a state of civil war between the Royalists and the Communists. Fighting is mainly occurring around the Yucatan, with an attempted Royalist landing being heavily contested. Demand for weapons, troops and supplies for the front sees massive industrial progress to met these needs.
 * Spain sends x number of ships to help the Mexacan royalists fight the Communists.
 * China: A temporary alliance is forged between the Democrats and Communists to stop the Japanese from taking over China. The new alliance attacks the Monarchists, who refused to join the temporary alliance, destroying the Monarchist faction. The now united, though unstable, China, attacks the Japanese invaders with much more force. Meanwhile, the leaders of the alliance try to create a treaty with Japan, hoping to end the war, though both the Communists and Democrats will both need to agree. Meanwhile, the Communists encourage the Japanese to rise up against their oppresors and overthrow the Bourgouisie. The Alliance of Democrats and Communists invades Beijing to attempt to liberate it.
 * Imperial Japan: With word of the Chinese coming to Beijing we send an additional 60,000 reserve force to defend it, totaling our troop number of 500,000 men to defend Beijing. We were going to consider a peaceful route, but considering how the Chinese decided to counter-invade Beijing, we are forced to stand our ground and defend Beijing to the death. The results of this Battle of Beijing will decide the terms and conditions of the Treaty of Beijing.
 * Emeraldie: New construction starts on the nation's ports, farms and mines to increase the nation's exports and economic strength. The government enacts major overhauls to the nations military, particularly its navy, part of which includes the construction of several modern ironclads and three armoured cruisers. The land forces is reorganised to include 80,000 men, with 60,000 in reserve. Vast industrial expansion occurs in the region following years of government encouragement and subsidies, to match this, the government begins to build the transnational railway which will connect all major cities and existing railways in the nation. We expand 800 px into the continent's interior.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories: The more colonists and missionaries arrive in the region after the Emeraldian government portrays the territories as a lush tropical paradise. The Emeraldian navy announces the creation of the South Pacific station, which is designed to establish a true military presence in the region. The territory government is granted the ability to control a small armed force to maintain peace in the region and protect from native aggression, its current numbers are around 2300 men.
 * Spain seeks a trade pact with Emeraldie.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures towards Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself towards the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry, and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman and Vlachian forces move in, securing the southern part of the country and stopping at the Wallachian-Moldavian border, as per the compromise between the Communists and Monarchists. Support for the true Vlachian government rises, and the Roman Empire provides the southern government the resources it needs to get itself back on its feet.
 * Africa:   The new Exarchate of Africa is formed to help rebuilt the region after the Roman intervention. Roman engineers and industrialists move in to help repair the infrastructure and get basic services back in motion. Telephone lines are laid, ports repaired, and railroads set back into motion. The Roman Empire also rebuilds many of the fortifications damaged in the intervention, to help protect the region now under Roman control. Fortifications soon ring the capital of Carthage and other major cities like Hippona, Oea, and Cirta. People with Berber or French heritage are brought in to aid in local administration and build up a sense of trust with the locals. Roman military officers begin training a dedicated and loyal militia forces to help the Roman forces in policing the territory. Expansion to the south in pursuit of trade begins in earnest.
 * Africa:   The new Exarchate of Africa is formed to help rebuilt the region after the Roman intervention. Roman engineers and industrialists move in to help repair the infrastructure and get basic services back in motion. Telephone lines are laid, ports repaired, and railroads set back into motion. The Roman Empire also rebuilds many of the fortifications damaged in the intervention, to help protect the region now under Roman control. Fortifications soon ring the capital of Carthage and other major cities like Hippona, Oea, and Cirta. People with Berber or French heritage are brought in to aid in local administration and build up a sense of trust with the locals. Roman military officers begin training a dedicated and loyal militia forces to help the Roman forces in policing the territory. Expansion to the south in pursuit of trade begins in earnest.


 * ​The Kingom of Algeria would like to establish a rail link between Algiers and Tunis to help expand the economic power of both naitons along the North African coast.
 * Tatar Empire: The fall of the Tartary is a huge surprise, and many officials fled to Roman lands. However, the Roman Empire was able to set up a puppet government claiming legitimacy from the remnants of the Tartary. The Tatar royal family is installed as the leaders of this puppet state, with much of the government based on that of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire does what it can to industrialize and modernize the puppet state, which effectively only controls the Black Sea coast. Effort is put entirely into the army, as there is no power that can challenge the might of the Roman navy in the Black Sea. Demoralized remnants of the Tartar Army along with volunteers are trained by Roman officers to help get the state back on its feet.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Reme continues its current expansion into the native dark-grey clusterfuck, expanding another 150 pixels into it. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started to be worked on.
 * Commonwealth States of Bavaria, Austria, Venezia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, and Bremen: We officially unite with the other German states this year, and many are thrilled at such a historic moment. The seat of Bavarian chancellor is voted to be turned into Governor-General, with Felipe DiRegenati now serving as Governor-General of all Commonwealth States. Similarly, the Deutsche Diet is renamed to the Augsburg Diet, as Augsburg is made capital of all Commonwealth states. Also, the country is excited about the construction of Marystadt, the new German capital. In other news, Brandenburg votes to allow all women citizens to vote in all elections. Felipe DiRegenati launches his 1896 Chancellor campaign.
 * Algonquia: Is victorious in the war, the armed forces having performed well overall. Tactical lessons learned in the war are quickly implemented, with the army abandoning mass cavalry attacks in favour of a greater focus on infantry and artillery mobility. The navy performed badly, however, and the High Sachem orders a major programme of naval construction. Two new battleships are laid down, both named after Algonquian victories in the recent war; the Walsburg and the Siesburg. The High Sachem also orders a major programme of state intervention with an eye to encouraging industrialization, particularly in the form of workers' co-operatives. Meanwhile, concern for the state of natives in remaining European colonies grows, and Algonquia begins funding native political parties in nearby colonies. With the return of the leased territory to Oldenburg impending, Algonquia helps the Beothuk and Innu in the territory organize a political party, the Social Nationalist Party, to fight for their rights throughout the colonies. It also sets up substantial investments and deposits funds in their name to ensure they can be funded constantly without infringing the new laws over foreign funding in Germany.
 * Sahtudene: Expands 5000 km east, while Kitlineq expands also. Inuit groups on Inuvik (OTL Banks Island) are brought under Algonquian suzerainty and begin expanding across the island.
 * Lukaian: Continues to build up its economy, with subsidies benefiting it heavily.
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: There is immense celebration throughout the land and the colonies, with 101-gun salutes ringing out wherever there are cannons enough to do them. In other news, Oldenburg's diplomatic corps begins working double-time to ensure foreign governments that the newly united Germany poses no problem, and is merely a formalisation of the already close bonds between the German nations.


 * In the Grand Union (Pskov), the GDP rises along with average wages. The Inter-Republic Road network is expanded. The Science and technology aspect of Pskov is not overlooked either. As prosperity in the nation increases, the amount of money and new people investing in institutions of higher learning. As such, the various schools that existed in Nizhegorodsk-Na-Narve unite and form the "University of Nizhegorodsk", beginning a rivalry between it and Pskov. The idea of currency reform, to reform it to a decimal system is put out, in order to simplify much trade (even though it is already simple enough with multiples of 20). Zlatobrezhie becomes wealthier and wealthier as more people get used to over one hundred years of Pskovian governance. The first practical recoil-operated machine gun is developed by Emilian Glinka, nicknamed the Glinka gun. This new weapon's designs are purchased by the government, and Glinka is given a government contract to produce them. The Uzvards-Glinka Firearms Co. expands as more government contracts are heading their way for the production of the GUA-91 machine gun to replace older Uzvards models.Many more Einzbern model-93s are produced for the armed forces in industrial plants. More electric power stations are built as cities are electrified. The Conservatives set up another "International Slavic Congress", and invites representatives from all slavic nations to join a celebration of traditions that unite all slavs in Pskov. The Grand Union looks to the east with despair. The Government officially refuses to recognize the Socialist Republic, and decides to advance some forces in, promising asylum to all current residents. Many flee in the coming months, the Grand Union sends agents into Russia for the smuggling of human refugees fleeing the "red terror". Fortifications are built along the demilitarized zone, and some schools begin to "black out" captured areas on maps, calling them the "occupied territories". The border with Russia is strengthened along the demilitarized zone, which is quickly becoming, quite ironically, one of the most militarized zones in the world (due to lots of "you put one unit, I put two" mentality on both sides). The Jacobeit Airship Co. launches ten new airships this year, after revieving much funding from the government, and give them to the government as "personal transport craft". Fearful of the growing funds from Communist nations in organizations operating inside the Grand Union, the Grand Senate, following Germany's footsteps, bans political parties revieving foreign funding from running in any elections, be they local, regional, or federal, and now require all political parties to be transparent in their funding to reduce corruption (and effectively banning the Communist Party of the Grand Union, amongst others, from participating in elections due to many Polish Zlotys in its coffers until Polish funding is reduced to zero). Two automobile plants open this year, the AVA Auto Corp. and the Leibnitz Electric Carriage Corp. With new battery technology, the race between gasoline-powered and electric automobiles begins in the Grand Union. Continuying the tradition of funding scientific endeavours, the new budget increases funding to scientifc reaserch grants (with no small threats from the opposition regarding no-confidence votes). In september, surprising no one, the Christian Social Union bans the teaching of the "heretical and blasphemous" theory of evolution in government funded schools, passing the "truth in education act" 387 ayes-371 nays, with 87 abstensions and 127 absences. This causes uproar, especialy in areas controled by the more secular Liberal and especialy New Democratic Parties (with the latter espousing a heartdelt opposition to the church). This debate begins to rage, and is looking to be the big issue of the next election, the role of church in government and the censoring of "heretical" discoveries. More trade unions begin to form, and many factory owners begin to be angry at this, because the workers beign demanding higher wages. Many get fired because of unionization, and begin to petition the government to make this type of retalliation illegal. The New Democrats come out in full support of this petition, luring all supporters to sign it, citing that the right to negotiate working conditions is esential to democracy, and the improvement of peoiple's lives. A debate begins in the Liberal Party, with those pro-union form the "Union Liberal" internal faction, and those anti-union form the "Free Market Liberals" (or Free Liberals) internal faction. The Union liberals argue that if they allow unions to form, it will eliminate the need for many government regulations, as pressures from unionized workers will force employers to increase wages and working conditions at a much higher rate than government regulation will ever do, and the Free Liberals argue that making any restrictions on how employers deal with unions infringes on their rights, and will in the long run reduce competition, and thus the overall quality and quantity of production, because they will force employers to sacrifice their creative visions on the whims of the workers, and believe that government regulations are enough to keep standards of living high, and competition between companies will improve standards of living, as they would want to attract more employees in order to make more product, and thus money.

Imperial Japan: The wrath of Imperial Japan is upon the Shun Dyanasty as our heroic and honorable soldiers fought along side our allies the Koreans and we have successfully invaded their Imperial capital of Beijing and toppled the Shun Dynasty, gaining control of Northern China, and it was a glorious victory among the Japanese and Korean peoples. However, our victory was met with opposition against the newly formed Chinese Coalition which went to Counter-Invade Beijing and retake it for the Chinese. However, the Japanese and Korean alliance fought vehemently against their enemies and stood their ground, with the invading force having 600,000 men versus the defending force of 500,000 and Beijing has been successfully defended. It was defended so well that the Anti-Japanese Chinese Coalition retreated, resulting in the Japanese-Korean alliance gaining 2% of their territory. The First Sino-Japanese War has made heroes out of both the Japanese soldiers and the Korean soldiers and Emperor Yamamoto Raijingusan personally bestows them with the highest honors. "Our enemies our no more, for the dishonorable Shun Dynasty has been crushed in battle, and we replaced them with our honorable rule with the help of our allies the Koreans. The Chinese Coalition then tried to retake Beijing, but failed, for we have fought with honor and courage, and now Beijing, the capital of China, is ours, for the Mandate of Heaven is upon us." -Emperor Yamamoto Rajingsuan Genryuusai. Meanwhile, two books are published, On The Japanese Invasion of Beijing and on the Japanese Defense of Beijing. Meanwhile, the homeland, there is a surge of nationalism as we have succeeded in our first major war and industrialization expands as a result of the war and increased nationalism We continue to train soldiers just in case we need more and we also prepare to enter diplomacy if need be. The Emperor is outraged and infuriated with the Shun Dynasty, with his rage personally kindled against the new Emperor of China, for the New Emperor of China has not only declared war on Imperial Japan, but also invaded our allies, and worse off, their allies, the Empire of Korea, all because Imperial Japan “insulted” them. Not only was the New Emperor of China both a fool for going against the strongest nation in Asia (Japan), and a dishonorable backstabber for invading his former allies of Korea, but also is inept and incompetent, for he lead his own nation, the once great Shun Dynasty, to collapse into anarchy and civil war for the petty reason of feeling “insulted”. The Emperor of Japan has no remorse for this poor excuse of a leader, and states that all the events that happened this year are proof of all the insults/ “The Emperor of China neither desires pity nor mercy” Since the Emperor of China caused disorder to his own nation,  in order to restore order in China we are forced to declare war on the Shun Dynasty. The Emperor’s of China betrayal of Korea and  the new Emperor of China is made public throughout Japan and we mobilize a force of 250,000 men for the initial invasion of Shun China, with a reserve force of 50,000. The invasion is launched from the Sino-Korean border and the invasion plan is to cross the Sino-Korean border and advance to Beijing, the capital of Shun China. The invading army is helped with the publication of the books on the Hamburgian War, the Tartary War, The Dutch War, and the Chinese Invasion of Korea (two of these are published this year.) as well as a surge of nationalism. All the nations industry is dedicated to this war and as a result the nations military expands. We cease military operations in the Dutch East Indies as we enter diplomatic mode and our troops return as heroes. Mil/Infra turn
 * ​Japanese Manchuria: In order to fuel our modernization of the mainland, mines are built on a massive scale in Japanese Manchuria as well as farms to grow food for the mainland. We encourage young Japanese males to immigrate to the sparsely populated Manchuria to build it up and we reward them large plots of land. Ports are also built up as well as railroads to link the mining and farming. Factories also pop up as well as schools and hospitals. We heavily invest in industrializing Japanese Manchuria. Econ/mil turn. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Japanese Formosa: We invest in Formosa by implementing a massive railroad construction program as well as port construction to further the transportation of Formosa. We implement a program of both industry and agriculture in Formosa, with the industry being for Japan and the agriculture being for Formosa. We also make massive public education reform in Formosa. Industry also speeds up as a result of the wartime economy. Econ/mil turn. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Japanese Shanghai: We industrialize Shanghai and upgrade its port and infrastructure, including education. We have Shanghai specialize in shipbuilding and trading, making it a hub for trade in East Asia. We rapidly increase port building to make this city a hub for trade.
 * Northern Philippines: We welcome the former French Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Southern Philippines: We welcome the former Hamburgian Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Japanese Siberia: We welcome the former Tartary territory into our empire and we begin an extensive program to rebuild the area after the war by expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. We also expan the economy of the area. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Japanese Northern China: With the heroic conquest and defense of Beijing we claim the Japanese Empire as the next dynasty of China. However, de facto, we only control Northern China, and we do not even have full control over the territory. In order to establish control, the Emperor's son, Waizu, ascends to become Emperor Waizu and declares himself to be the direct successor of Xu Fu. In order to gain more followers, Emperor Waizu embraces modernization and begins developing Northern Chinese infrastructure by building railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. There is also a standing army formed at Beijing that is being trained to maintain order throughout Northern China.

1896
''' A large heat wave strikes the Northeastern coast of the Borealian continent. '''

''' In the 1896 Augsburg Olympiad, the host Germany triumphs with 71 total medals, with Andea and Croatia trailing behind at 49 and 43 medals, respectively. '''
 * United Commonwealth of Germany: Population: ~65 million. Capital: Marystadt. Chancellor: Friedrich von Gustrow (1896 - ):
 * Commonwealth Kingdoms of Hamburg, Hanover, Prussia, Westphalia-Rhineland, Kuba, and the non-incorporated Kingdom of New Rugia: New Mecklenburg, German West Africa, New Lüneburg, and Kameroon expand by 750 px each. In the Commonwealth Kingdoms, there are several reasons to celebrate again this year. First, Emperor Mary is properly crowned "King of the Germans and Protector of the Commonwealth" in addition to Holy Roman Emperor in Frankfurt. Then the Kingdom of Hamburg-born Friedrich von Güstrow wins the first election for Chancellor of a United Germany. Finally, Germany's strong showing in the Augsburg Olympics, winning 71 medals, cause many to take to the streets in celebration, waving their state flags (no unified German flag has been agreed upon yet).
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: The nation is very proud of the athletes it sent to the Ausburg Olympics, and the Oldenburger athletes are welcomed home by a street parade. Duke Christian VI was in attendance at the Games. In other news, whilst the Oldenburger government is happy that Borealia is attempting to better relations with Germany, however it views the proposed concessions as essentially impossible to accept.
 * Commonwealth States of Bavaria, Austria, Venezia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, and Bremen: The Augsburg Diet continues to operate, being able to pass universal female suffrage in 1896. Felipe DiRegenati loses the 1896 national election for chancellor, mostly due to a lacklaster campaign and personal lethargy. He congratulates Friedrich von Gustrow and wishes him the best. DiRegenati does, however, remain the Governor of Bavaria, and Govorner-General of Commonwealth States. He considers running again in 1900. The country does phenominally well in the olympics. Since winning the 1895 Bavarian elections, DiRegenati appoints a vice-governor, who is Berlin native politician Mikael Amherst-Verner.


 * Indian Empire: Queen Nur Jehan was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 318,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented on ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of Bengal, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 60.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 45.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Punjabs exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 36.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagars exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well. Aceh is temporarily controlled by Vijaynagar.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist, Neo-Confucian and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science. The war against China continues.
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue to expand industry as a way to repair the economy after the end of the war. More and more people move to the city from the country in pursuit of jobs.
 * BoraliaFlag.png Union of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. More films are made this year, rivaling radio entertainment. New Munich becomes the first city partially run on electrical power, and now light bulbs begin replacing gas lamps. As scientists explore mechanisms at smaller levels, it is theorized that all matter behaves like a particle and wave. Machine guns continue to improve with Andean supplies. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Submarines begin to be built for the purpose of breaking through northern ice caps. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast. The Curia still congratulates all the athletes who won medals at the Olympics in Augsburg, and grand preparations are made to host the third Olympiad at New Munich in 1900. Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. Support continues to be given to the Republican rebels in China. San Francisco continues to improve earthquake-proofing technology. Borealia welcomes the new union of the motherland with the UKG, and invites the Commonwealth of Germany to join in a mutual accord with the proposed Treaty of San Diego. 
 * The State of Australia: The ports continue to be expanded and the new city of Dandiri is built on the Pacific Coast. As more businesses are taken up by Muslim natives, the German colonists begin migrating to the new communities farther inland. Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. An irrigation program continues to be designed, with the hopes of aiding settlements in the outback. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry.
 * The Borealian Maritime Territory: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base in Midway. 
 * Colony of Kinshasa: Also this year, the Curia authorizes the creation of a small settlement in central Africa, funded by the same entrepreneurs who opened up the northwest passage. The first objective of this company is to set up a mining company, opening up to the African natives as cheap labor. A few houses begin construction as well.
 * Morocco: The Kingdom of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 200,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 9.6 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 86,000 soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships and 14 frigates. The nation expands by 1000 px per year to keep it stronger and independent, with a few new cities are built, roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer schools, museums, colleges and more houses and mining planets are built. The mining plants produces materials coal and iron, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. A few docks and mosques are built. Artillery become more widely used in combat and some industries starts building a series of wartime artillery, which later added it to Moroccan Armed Forces. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and one new railway line are opened in service. Sultan Abdelaziz continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. Morocco continue improving relations with Roman Empire and France to seek friendly alliances in future. Morocco continues to claim northern parts of UGK West Africa from United German Kingdoms, which later on in future they join Morocco.
 * In Silesia, Voivode Patryk Waldau continues to develop a foreign policy based on defensive precautions and quiet anti-Communism. He is widely approved of among the people of Silesia, but the same cannot be said of the first non-plurality Ban in Silesian history, Franciszek Wikóz. Wikóz, who commands only one-sixth of the Sabor, is regularly checked in his policy proposals but one idea does gain significant traction: universal suffrage. Wikóz, a virtual outsider in Wrocłow (having only controlled 12 representatives up to this point), takes to the public who happily receive the idea of allowing women to vote. The major reform is passed by the end of the year with Liberal support, giving the Republicans a huge boost in popularity among women. Meanwhile, construction of the Cathedral of Wrocłow continues. The Republicans also reach out to unions and industrial workers, being only the second party to do so (after the banned Communists). Emboldened, a small mining strike takes places at the village of Jawor, but it is resolved by a settlement with management. Meanwhile, in this year's Augsburg Olympics, Silesian competitors earn a total of 17 medals in their first appearance. This leads to a small renaissance of sporting among wealthier Silesian communities. Viktor Cienawski's APKF continues to produce automated carriages and he soon inspires many other young men to invest in new and novel ideas.
 * West Czechia: We continue to build up our military. The building of a railroad throughout the nation continues. Factories continue to make railroad tracks. Our local railroads now attach to the European railroads that are being made. Many factories hire both men and women. The farming industry is still the biggest industry of the nation. Our border control team now allows anyone into the nation. most people that come into our nation are people from the west that are Communists that do not fit in with western nations or that are from East Czechia that did not like that the country split. The military continues to send small special ops teams into East Czechia, so that we can kill important people of the nation. A few Communist politicians from West Czechia continue to go into East Czechia to make the nation Communist by having speeches and having revolts.
 * Romania: In Moldavia and Dobruja, we begin agricultural industrialisation, implementing industrial fertilisers in farming. We have finished our line across the border, named the Petran Line after our Secretary of Defense, Augustin Petran. We establish more fertiliser factories, reaching 600 tons a year of production. More collectivisation occurs, including a major collective farm, Cooperare, in the Danube, producing 1000 tons of wheat a year. An agricultural automobile is produced, similar to a standard automated carriage, but with a tiller at the end. It is thought to be usable, yet a horribly inefficient and troublesome machine, with issues such as the wheel getting stuck in soil, the engine not producing enough power to till and the extreme expense of the price of the fuel for the automobile.
 * Romanian Dip:   We ask for technological support from Communist nations.


 * Andea: The Nation of Andea rapidly expands its industry, with a growing call for labour rights. The average yearly wage increases to 550 reals, and for the first time the government set a yearly minum wage of 300 reals per year (for adults working full time jobs). The cost of living remains low, at roughly 1000 reals, with some areas having as low as 670 reals and as high as 8000 reals. City Living becomes more popular, as more jobs emerge in the industrial sector of the economy. The cities of Cuzco, Peru and Nazca all have populations Greater than one million, while Chirbaya-Cuzco has a population of 900,000. New Burgandy also grows to a population of 600,000. The Military stands at 550,000 men, with service remaining compulsory. Population continues to grow steadily, with the population standing at 46.6 Million and rising steadly. The Telephone/Communications industry continues to grow under a few large monopolies. This industry trend is not unique to, but most notable in the Communications Industry. The Hesperia First Party continues to gain political steam, while the Nationals and Republicans lose more and more power. The Republican Party wins the presidency and the Upper House of the Senate. The Communist and Socalist parties also see signifigant gains, gaining one seat each. The Hesperia First party gains 18 seats, and the Nationals lose 33 seats. The Navy expands rapidly, with the introduction of Armored Cruisers and Greek fire. The Army also expands, with the adoption of the Galvin 2, an improved version of the Galvin Repeater. A new rifle, the Grant-Ramon Rifle, is adopted into the Andean military. Census results, combined with government estimates, place the number Andeans (Quechua, Mapuche or Mestizo) at 63% of the nations population, with the next largest group being Spanish (13%), French (9%), German (6%), East Asian (5%), and other (4%). Census results find that the fastest growing ethnic group is East Asian.
 * Osea Confederation::  The Confederation increases its ties to Andea, as more Andeans move into the nation. The Government also begins to expand industry. The lower cost of living in much of Osea draws in more Andean settlers, who find it easier to get by within the Confederation than Andea proper. Average wage is slightly lower than Andea, with the median being 490 reals. Cost of living stands at 800 reals on average, and is lower in some of the Republics (Santiago has the lowest at 690 reals, and East Osea and Buenos Aires are tied for the highest at 965 reals). Several Republics now have Andean majorities, including Santiago, Paraguay, Castile, and Cordoba. Population of the Confederation stands at nine million. The Territory of Patagonia is offically annexed.
 * Protectorate of Cape Ferdinand: The Protectorate, now free of the Dutch, begins an expansion of its navy and military. An Andean garrison of 35,000 men is stationed in the territory, with an additional 5000 local troops. The territory remains a critical location for travel. Population stands at 81,000. In the Name of Cape Ferdinand, Andea seeks to establish trade with the Caliphate.
 * Independent State of China: The Battle of Beijing continues, with the battle being one of the most decisive in the entire war. Meanwhile, the alliance of the Communists and Democrats form the temporary Independent State of China with the destruction of the last Loyalists and Shun China forces. We begin to improve our technology and provide a better standard of living for everyone. We continue to support dissenters in Imperial Japan. The peasants begin to be trained by the military rebels and military-grade weapons are given to the rebels.
 * Emeraldie:  New construction starts on the nation's ports, farms and mines to increase the nation's exports and economic strength.  The government enacts major overhauls to the nations military, particularly its navy, part of which includes the construction of several modern ironclads and three armoured cruisers. The land forces is reorganised to include 80,000 men, with 60,000 in reserve.  Vast industrial expansion occurs in the region following years of government encouragement and subsidies, to match this, the government begins to build the transnational railway which will connect all major cities and existing railways in the nation.  We expand 800 px into the continent's interior.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories:  The more colonists and missionaries arrive in the region after the Emeraldian government portrays the territories as a lush tropical paradise.  The South Pacific station is expanded with new modern ships.  The territory government is granted the ability to control a small armed force to maintain peace in the region and protect from native aggression, its current numbers are around 2700 men.
 * Emeraldian Dip: We accept Spain's offer of an agreement.
 * In  Spain, the nation continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities lead to more people moving to the cities. The buildings rise higher and the trains run faster, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Valencia and Madrid. Steamboats and cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica and continues to push for the completion of the  Trans-European rail link  from Zaragoza to Paris to Marystadt so that the eastern part (Poland-Rome/Pskov) and the western part (Lisbon-Zaragoza). The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Aragon takes all the people from Edgistan. Boats and guns. Spain commissions a more ironclads based on the German designs. More artillery stuff. The Spanish government condemns the Communists. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain proposes the formation of an anti-Communist league. Spain also seeks the return of Gibraltar and Ceuta from Croatia. The Spanish colony of West Africa expands 500 px inward for each half, totaling 1000 px. In the East Indies, Spain crafts the new colonies of Malay and the Spanish East Indies (Sumatra and Java). Spain also forms a protectorate in Singapore. Navarre is officially incorporated into Spain. Spain supports the Mexacan democratic government. # NoMoreWikiaChanges
 * ​Algeria:  Expands 5000 sq km south as part of the nationalistic campaign to become a great nation on the African continent. Military technology is brought in from Spain, as well as other things.
 * Singapore: Singapore also begins to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain. Singapore also greatly benefits from the newly re-invigorated trade in the region. Singapore builds new infrastructure with its wealth and the General-Secretary of Singapore announces his plan to make sure Singapore has the highest standard of living for all of its citizens in the new century.
 * People's Republic of Poland: General Secretary Sokoloff makes a speech in the capital of Warsaw, congratulating the country's successes in the Olympics in Augsburg. The General Secretary also continues the implementation of his Ten-Year Plan, now on its ninth year, which continues to increase the industrial and agricultural output of Poland. More factories are built throughout the nation. Production of automobiles starts but is still in its experimental stages throughout the nation. HM Starek's repairs of Gdansk's harbour finish this year, increasing the harbour's capacity, allowing more ships to be produced and trade to be increased. He also continues building fortifications along the Pskovite border. Meanwhile, Foreign Minister Dubanowski continues funding of peaceful Communist organizations in West Czechia, Silesia, Slovakia, Croatia, North Romania, Ruthenia, Pskov, and Prussia. The Foreign Minister also continues funding of the Anti-Juror Action in Pskov.


 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures towards Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself towards the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry, and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman and Vlachian forces move in, securing the southern part of the country and stopping at the Wallachian-Moldavian border, as per the compromise between the Communists and Monarchists. Support for the true Vlachian government rises, and the Roman Empire provides the southern government the resources it needs to get itself back on its feet.
 * Africa:   The new Exarchate of Africa is formed to help rebuilt the region after the Roman intervention. Roman engineers and industrialists move in to help repair the infrastructure and get basic services back in motion. Telephone lines are laid, ports repaired, and railroads set back into motion. The Roman Empire also rebuilds many of the fortifications damaged in the intervention, to help protect the region now under Roman control. Fortifications soon ring the capital of Carthage and other major cities like Hippona, Oea, and Cirta. People with Berber or French heritage are brought in to aid in local administration and build up a sense of trust with the locals. Roman military officers begin training a dedicated and loyal militia forces to help the Roman forces in policing the territory. Expansion to the south in pursuit of trade begins in earnest. The region also begins building border posts and rail links with Algeria.
 * Tatar Empire:  The fall of the Tartary is a huge surprise, and many officials fled to Roman lands. However, the Roman Empire was able to set up a puppet government claiming legitimacy from the remnants of the Tartary. The Tatar royal family is installed as the leaders of this puppet state, with much of the government based on that of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire does what it can to industrialize and modernize the puppet state, which effectively only controls the Black Sea coast. Effort is put entirely into the army, as there is no power that can challenge the might of the Roman navy in the Black Sea. Demoralized remnants of the Tartar Army along with volunteers are trained by Roman officers to help get the state back on its feet.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Reme continues its current expansion into the native dark-grey clusterfuck, expanding another 150 pixels into it. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The Franqi brothers begin experimenting with the idea of heavier-than-air flight, but the task is daunting and will take some time to perfect a flying device.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started to be worked on.
 * In the Grand Union (Pskov), the GDP rises along with average wages. The Inter-Republic Road network is expanded. The Science and technology aspect of Pskov is not overlooked either. As prosperity in the nation increases, the amount of money and new people investing in institutions of higher learning. As such, the various schools that existed in Nizhegorodsk-Na-Narve unite and form the "University of Nizhegorodsk", beginning a rivalry between it and Pskov. The idea of currency reform, to reform it to a decimal system is put out, in order to simplify much trade (even though it is already simple enough with multiples of 20). Zlatobrezhie becomes wealthier and wealthier as more people get used to over one hundred years of Pskovian governance. The Uzvards-Glinka Firearms Co. expands as more government contracts are heading their way for the production of the GUA-91 machine gun to replace older Uzvards models.Many more Einzbern model-93s are produced for the armed forces in industrial plants. More electric power stations are built as cities are electrified. Einzbern makes a new model of bolt-action rifle that is slightly more reliable, and is named the model-96, and made for sharpshooter divisions. Some even try to attatck spyglasses, called "scopes" for increased range. These Units begin to be known as "sniper" units. The Conservatives set up another "International Slavic Congress", and invites representatives from all slavic nations to join a celebration of traditions that unite all slavs in Pskov. The Grand Union looks to the east with despair. The Government officially refuses to recognize the Socialist Republic, and decides to advance some forces in, promising asylum to all current residents. Many flee in the coming months, the Grand Union sends agents into Russia for the smuggling of human refugees fleeing the "red terror". Fortifications are built along the demilitarized zone, and some schools begin to "black out" captured areas on maps, calling them the "occupied territories". The border with Russia is strengthened along the demilitarized zone, which is quickly becoming, quite ironically, one of the most militarized zones in the world (due to lots of "you put one unit, I put two" mentality on both sides). The Jacobeit Airship Co. continues to construct new and improved airship models. The Leibnitz Electric Carriages and AVA Automobiles continue their rivalry, with Leibnitz releasing their first model to the public. IT is quite expensive, but the wealthiest people decide to purchase them for status. AVA comes in soon afterwards, but tis model is more clunky, and while it does provide better horsepower, the inconvenient thing is that the engine must be hand-cranked. Anoter corporation, named Enkidy motorized bicycles, releases their new model, with a small internal combustion engine providing power, it can reach speeds of approx. 30 km/h on flat surfaces. It seems motor technology is evolving rather quickly. More debates about the government and religion begin to grow, as the anti-evolution laws are stalled in the Council of Nations, with more readings comming. After an attack by the Polish-backed Anti-Juror Action, the police forces and Secret service are on the case, and arrest 20 men under suspicon of being foreign agents. They are soon found guilty of inciting terror and espionage, receiving a sentance of 20 years of hard labour in Africa. Several prototypes of flying macine emerge, but none are succesful thus far, with some attempting interesting designs. The longest flight that was achieved was two seconds in the air, but it quickly came down.
 * France: Military buildup and economic expansion continue under the Ten-Year Plan. This year, Jacques Deschalms dies of lung cancer, as announced, and Daniel Paget comes to power. As a result, during the 12th anniversary of the French Revolution, Deschalms is given a funeral to which all members of the Entente are invited. Daniel Paget personally attends the funeral calling him "A Hero of France and the Leader of a Revolution." With Deschalms gone, General Secretary Paget continues to implement the 10-Year Plan, and begins to focus on expanding into Iberia while our military exercises in the Mediterranean continue. Unfortunately, the fact that Rome protects Iberia would mean risking a continental war, and thus Paget decides to wait a while longer before conquering the region. However, while this happens, we begin to sponsor several Communist rebellions in Pskov, despite their recent outlawing of receiving foreign money, and we even begin smuggling weapons and ammunition to the rebels there. However, this is kept secret to prevent further discrediting to the International Community.
 * Japan: With the immense victory against the Chinese Coalition of Beijing we declare victory in the First Sino-Japanese War and enter diplomatic mode by making the Treaty of Beijing. We thus enter into peace mode and begin economic recovery by investing in the economy, using the money from the buildup up of industry. We also invest in maintaining the military. The wrath of Imperial Japan is upon the Shun Dynasty as our heroic and honorable soldiers fought along side our allies the Koreans and we have successfully invaded their Imperial capital of Beijing and toppled the Shun Dynasty, gaining control of Northern China, and it was a glorious victory among the Japanese and Korean peoples. However, our victory was met with opposition against the newly formed Chinese Coalition which went to Counter-Invade Beijing and retake it for the Chinese. However, the Japanese and Korean alliance fought vehemently against their enemies and stood their ground, with the invading force having 600,000 men versus the defending force of 500,000 and Beijing has been successfully defended. It was defended so well that the Anti-Japanese Chinese Coalition retreated, resulting in the Japanese-Korean alliance gaining 2% of their territory. The First Sino-Japanese War has made heroes out of both the Japanese soldiers and the Korean soldiers and Emperor Yamamoto Raijingusan personally bestows them with the highest honors. "Our enemies our no more, for the dishonorable Shun Dynasty has been crushed in battle, and we replaced them with our honorable rule with the help of our allies the Koreans. The Chinese Coalition then tried to retake Beijing, but failed, for we have fought with honor and courage, and now Beijing, the capital of China, is ours, for the Mandate of Heaven is upon us." -Emperor Yamamoto Rajingsuan Genryuusai. Meanwhile, two books are published, On The Japanese Invasion of Beijing and on the Japanese Defense of Beijing. Meanwhile, the homeland, there is a surge of nationalism as we have succeeded in our first major war and industrialization expands as a result of the war and increased nationalism We continue to train soldiers just in case we need more and we also prepare to enter diplomacy if need be. The Emperor is outraged and infuriated with the Shun Dynasty, with his rage personally kindled against the new Emperor of China, for the New Emperor of China has not only declared war on Imperial Japan, but also invaded our allies, and worse off, their allies, the Empire of Korea, all because Imperial Japan “insulted” them. Not only was the New Emperor of China both a fool for going against the strongest nation in Asia (Japan), and a dishonorable backstabber for invading his former allies of Korea, but also is inept and incompetent, for he lead his own nation, the once great Shun Dynasty, to collapse into anarchy and civil war for the petty reason of feeling “insulted”. The Emperor of Japan has no remorse for this poor excuse of a leader, and states that all the events that happened this year are proof of all the insults/ “The Emperor of China neither desires pity nor mercy” Since the Emperor of China caused disorder to his own nation,  in order to restore order in China we are forced to declare war on the Shun Dynasty. The Emperor’s of China betrayal of Korea and  the new Emperor of China is made public throughout Japan and we mobilize a force of 250,000 men for the initial invasion of Shun China, with a reserve force of 50,000. The invasion is launched from the Sino-Korean border and the invasion plan is to cross the Sino-Korean border and advance to Beijing, the capital of Shun China. The invading army is helped with the publication of the books on the Hamburgian War, the Tartary War, The Dutch War, and the Chinese Invasion of Korea (two of these are published this year.) as well as a surge of nationalism. All the nations industry is dedicated to this war and as a result the nations military expands. We cease military operations in the Dutch East Indies as we enter diplomatic mode and our troops return as heroes. Mil/Infra turn.
 * Japanese Manchuria: In order to fuel our modernization of the mainland, mines are built on a massive scale in Japanese Manchuria as well as farms to grow food for the mainland. We encourage young Japanese males to immigrate to the sparsely populated Manchuria to build it up and we reward them large plots of land. Ports are also built up as well as railroads to link the mining and farming. Factories also pop up as well as schools and hospitals. We heavily invest in industrializing Japanese Manchuria. Econ/mil turn. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Brazil: With the war with the Kingdom of the Netherlands over, we begin withdrawing our forces from occupied regions. The Treaty of The Hague is signed, ending a decisively victorious war for the Empire of Brazil and its allies. The war creates an industrial boom in our nation, as war time industries continue high production, and the nation heavily profits from the eliminate of rival competitors and the introduction of new markets. With the recent acquisition of agricultural production in the Kingdom of Guiana, prices increase for Brazilian foodstuffs and cash crops, as a large portion of the market is curtailed. Following the recent success of the Brazilian navy and its upgrade’s payoff, expansion of the navy continues. Techniques from the war are studied and experienced commanders continue drills in the Imperial Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Garrisons are created in newly acquired Dutch territories, ensuring peace and ending Dutch administration in these regions. Small naval garrisons are deployed to recently acquired islands in the Pacific, and to further expand Brazilian interests in the region, the parliament passes the Guano Islands Act, allowing any citizen to take possession of islands containing guano deposits, backed up by the Brazilian military. The act decrees that Baker Island, the French Frigate Shoals, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef/Danger Rock, Midway Atoll, Navassa Island, Palmyra Atoll, Bajo Nuevo Bank, Serranilla Bank, and Swains Island belong to the Empire of Brazil. This is followed by the Atlantic Ocean Islands Act, which officially occupies the Saint Peter and Paul Rocks, Rocas Atoll, Fernando de Noronha, and Tridade and Martin Vaz. The first expedition to Antarctica is launched, with Brazilian sailors charting the coast of the continent south of Hesperia. Preparations are made for further exploration of the continent, with ships landing in the OTL Weddel Sea, named the Ferreira Sea after lead explorer Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira. Association Football leagues began to become popular in Brazil after the war, with major cities such as Santa Cruz sporting major teams. The first national organizations to regulate rules and organize games are founded, and in a highly publicized match to begin organized games in Brazil, Santa Cruz defeats the Esporte Clube Bahia two to zero. Later that year the first meeting of the Federação Internacional de Futebol Associado (FIFA) is held, and plans begin for the first international games across Hesperia.

1897
''' A major diplomatic incident takes place this year when a Communist Czechian politician is caught crossing the Czechian divide. He is tried by the East Czechians and executed as a spy. Border security is tightened as a result. '''


 * United Commonwealth of Germany:  Population: ~65 million. Capital: Marystadt. Chancellor: Friedrich von Gustrow (1896 - ):


 * Commonwealth Kingdoms of Hamburg, Hanover, Prussia, Westphalia-Rhineland, Kuba, and the non-incorporated Kingdom of New Rugia: New Mecklenburg, German West Africa, Kameroon, and New Lüneburg expand 750px each. Negotiations with the New Munich Pact continue. The Commonwealth Kingdoms also begin pushing for the modernization of the constituent state's navies, including the construction of newer and larger warships.
 * Commonwealth States of Bavaria, Austria, Venezia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, and Bremen: The Augsburg Diet continues to operate, being able to pass universal female suffrage in 1896. Felipe DiRegenati loses the 1896 national election for chancellor, mostly due to a lacklaster campaign and personal lethargy. He congratulates Friedrich von Gustrow and wishes him the best. DiRegenati does, however, remain the Governor of Bavaria, and Govorner-General of Commonwealth States. He considers running again in 1900. The country does phenominally well in the olympics. Since winning the 1895 Bavarian elections, DiRegenati appoints a vice-governor, who is Berlin native politician Mikael Amherst-Verner.


 * Indian Empire: Queen Nur Jehan was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 318,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented on ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of Bengal, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 60.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 45.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Punjabs exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 36.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagars exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Indian Overseas Territories: Aceh, Mauritius, Tromelin and Reunion.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist, Neo-Confucian and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science.
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue to expand industry as a way to repair the economy after the end of the war. More and more people move to the city from the country in pursuit of jobs.
 * Andea: The Nation of Andea rapidly expands its industry, with a growing call for labour rights. The average yearly wage increases to 550 reals, and for the first time the government set a yearly minum wage of 300 reals per year (for adults working full time jobs). The cost of living remains low, at roughly 1000 reals, with some areas having as low as 670 reals and as high as 8000 reals. City Living becomes more popular, as more jobs emerge in the industrial sector of the economy. The cities of Cuzco, Peru and Nazca all have populations Greater than one million, while Chirbaya-Cuzco has a population of 900,000. New Burgandy also grows to a population of 600,000. The military stands at 550,000 men, with service remaining compulsory. Population continues to grow steadily, with the population standing at 46.6 Million and rising steadly. The Telephone/Communications industry continues to grow under a few large monopolies. This industry trend is not unique to, but most notable in the Communications Industry. The Hesperia First Party continues to gain political steam, while the Nationals and Republicans lose more and more power. The Republican Party wins the presidency and the Upper House of the Senate. The Communist and Socalist parties also see significant gains, gaining one seat each. The Hesperia First party gains 18 seats, and the Nationals lose 33 seats. The Navy expands rapidly, with the introduction of Armored Cruisers and Greek fire. The Army also expands, with the adoption of the Galvin 2, an improved version of the Galvin Repeater. A new rifle, the Grant-Ramon Rifle, is adopted into the Andean military. Census results, combined with government estimates, place the number Andeans (Quechua, Mapuche or Mestizo) at 63% of the nations population, with the next largest group being Spanish (13%), French (9%), German (6%), East Asian (5%), and other (4%). Census results find that the fastest growing ethnic group is East Asian. Andea becomes drawn to the idea of constructing a canal in the Panamaian Ithmus, and request co-operation with Emeraldie on the Project. Andea also lays claims to several miles of the Antarctic Coast, sending expeditions to the territory.
 * Osea Confederation:: The Confederation increases its ties to Andea, as more Andeans move into the nation. The Government also begins to expand industry. The lower cost of living in much of Osea draws in more Andean settlers, who find it easier to get by within the Confederation than Andea proper. Average wage is slightly lower than Andea, with the median being 490 reals. Cost of living stands at 800 reals on average, and is lower in some of the Republics (Santiago has the lowest at 690 reals, and East Osea and Buenos Aires are tied for the highest at 965 reals). Several Republics now have Andean majorities, including Santiago, Paraguay, Castile, and Cordoba. Population of the Confederation stands at nine million. The Territory of Patagonia is offically annexed.
 * Protectorate of Cape Ferdinand: The Protectorate, now free of the Dutch, begins an expansion of its navy and military. An Andean garrison of 35,000 men is stationed in the territory, with an additional 5000 local troops. The territory remains a critical location for travel. Population stands at 81,000. In the Name of Cape Ferdinand, Andea seeks to establish trade with the Caliphate.
 * Spain would like to remind Andea of the fact that Antarctica is a Spanish territory and has been for a long time now. Andean explorers are welcome to visit this land but Andea the nation cannot claim that which is already Spanish.
 * Romania: In Moldavia and Dobruja, we begin agricultural industrialisation, implementing industrial fertilisers in farming. We establish more fertiliser factories, reaching 1000 tons a year of production. More collectivisation occurs. Our scientist continues development on the agricultural automobile and compared soil to snow. Hence, he thought of placing skis on the wheels of the automobile; while it did fail, it inspired the engineers to create a structure that would form a flat platform at all times.
 * Romanian Dip: We ask for technological support from Communist nations.
 * BoraliaFlag.png Union of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. More films are made this year, rivaling radio entertainment. New Munich becomes the first city partially run on electrical power, and now light bulbs begin replacing gas lamps. As scientists explore mechanisms at smaller levels, it is theorized that all matter behaves like a particle and wave. Machine guns continue to improve with Andean supplies. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Submarines begin to be built for the purpose of breaking through northern ice caps. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast. The Curia announces the creation of a World's Fair Exhibition scheduled for 1900, to complement the New Munich Olympics the same year, inventors from all over world are invited to showcase their innovations while the Olympics take place. Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. Support continues to be given to the Republican rebels in China. San Francisco continues to improve earthquake-proofing technology. Borealia continues to push through the proposed Treaty of San Diego, hoping to reach out to other constituent states of Germany. 
 * The State of Australia: The ports continue to be expanded and the new city of Dandiri is built on the Pacific Coast. As more businesses are taken up by Muslim natives, the German colonists begin migrating to the new communities farther inland. Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. An irrigation program continues to be designed, with the hopes of aiding settlements in the outback. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry.
 * The Borealian Maritime Territory: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base in Midway. 
 * Colony of Kinshasa: Also this year, the Curia authorizes the creation of a small settlement in central Africa, funded by the same entrepreneurs who opened up the northwest passage. The first objective of this company is to set up a mining company, opening up to the African natives as cheap labor. A few houses begin construction as well.
 * Morocco: The Kingdom of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 200,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 9.8 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 88,000 soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships and 14 frigates. The nation expands by 1000 px per year to keep it stronger and independent, with a few new cities are built, roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer schools, museums, colleges and more houses and mining planets are built. The mining plants produces materials coal and iron, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. A few docks and mosques are built. Artillery become more widely used in combat and some industries continues building a series of wartime artillery, which later added it to Moroccan Armed Forces. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and one new railway line are opened in service. Sultan Abdelaziz continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. Morocco continue improving relations with Roman Empire and France to seek friendly alliances in future. Morocco continues to claim northern parts of UGK West Africa from United German Kingdoms, which later on in future they join Morocco . Afulay Nommiard now becomes Morocco's and one of worlds richest people even seen, thanks to his inventions of Dynamite, Gelignite and Ballistite. In November 1897, Nommiard announced after his death, all of his money would go to this established set of annual international awards named Nommiard Prize (OTL Nobel Prize).
 * No. Morocco is in no position to be that advanced.
 * Independent State of China: The Battle of Beijing is a total failure and all 600,000 Chinese troops are captured or killed, a devastating blow for the coalition. The last few remaining Chinese warlords surrender to the Independent State of China or are killed, putting an end to the Chinese Civil War, for now. Meanwhile, the Communists ask to become a satellite of Russia for the same reasons. We tell the Japanese that China will never be Japanese. The Communists continue to support Japanese Communists to try to weaken Japan.
 * (Why would the Chinese warlords surrender to the Independent State of China if they just suffered a catastrophic defeat to Imperial Japan? This defeat would result in the loss of faith in the ISC and cause the warlords to fight harder against the ISC, exploiting their weakness. -KawaiiKame)
 * Britannia:  Currently, there is still no monarchy re-established in Britannia yet, so Prime Minister Oswold Chaddock is still the technical leader of the Regent-Republic. Seeing no end to this regency yet, Prime Minister Oswold decides to go forward with his newfound powers in an attempt to restore Britannia to stability. He focuses this year on the Britannic military in order to increase the size of the officer pool and increase the normal soldiers combat abilities in order to prepare them for any increase in revolutionary sentiment. In order to attempt to control the inflation, Prime Minister Oswold also introduces a bill that is designed to cap how much money a Britannic citizen is allowed to take out of their bank over a given period of time in order to try to prevent the sudden withdrawal of all the banks' funds and a lack of money in the Britannic economy due to hoarding. The Britannic Pound Sterling is moderately successful at becoming the new currency of Britannia, but due to the volatility of the markets and relative newness of the currency, it fails to still take hold in the smaller and more private markets. Protests and riots still continue due to the inflation not being stopped immediately, the wage decreases still in effect, as well as gradually more unsafe working conditions in many heavy industries. This leads to the ever-growing popular of Devon Goddard, a popular protestor and syndicalist, to the point that the Parliament is starting to consider him a threat. In an effort to combat this growing threat to their government and rule, the Parliament invites Devon Goddard and his so-called 'Britannic Syndicalist Council' to a private meeting in order to end or at least diminish protests so that revolutionary sentiment and riotous actions die down greatly.


 * Britannic Desircit: The colony begins its inland expasion again as supplies become more regulated as stabiltiy increases. With the increase of supplies and stability, industry begins to redevelop on the largest coastal cities, mainly focused on refining goods from other Britannic colonies. 
 * New Guerney: Sugar and coffee plantations are still the most popular for this colony, and continue to be a source of revenue. Though it lacks much heavy industry, it more than makes up for it in excessive shipments of raw goods.
 * Britannic Afrika: Army/Econ turn.
 * Brazil: In order to replace the less regulated football fields being used in São Sebastião, the São Sebastião Football Club begins construction of the Velodrome de São Sebastião, a 5000 capacity stadium within the city. Other teams, such as the Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas and Clube de Regatas do Flamengo, emerge from popular rowing crews. A collection of these new teams around the city pool their resources and investments to create Finca Football Stadium, a 10,000 capacity stadium owned partially by the city’s yacht clubs. Football catches the attention of Emperor Pedro I, who believes the sport can make the Empire of Brazil stand out in the international community. He orders the construction of a 20,000 capacity stadium in São Sebastião, known as the Estádio de São Pedro Apóstolo. Football spreads across South America, with the Kingdom of Guiana and several other Hesperian republics affiliating with the Federação Internacional de Futebol Associado. In the Pacific representatives from the Empire of Brazil and various Pacific territories owned by our nation meet in Port Vila to reorganize Brazilian territories in the region in the wake of the war with the Netherlands. The Treaty of Port Vila, also known as the Port Vila Compact, is signed later this year, declaring an international economic and political union, in which each territory of the Brazilian empire in the Pacific is granted semi autonomy and protectorate status. The Pacific Confederation Union is declared, encompassing Polynesia, Samoa, Vanuatu, Tuvalu, Kiribati, and Nauru, as well as the so called unincorporated, unorganized territories of Brazil, which include the Pacific Islands referenced in the Guano Islands Act of 1896. Brazilian ships seize the islands of Guam, Northern Mariana, and other islands in Micronesia from the Dutch, and a temporary military government is organized on these islands. As part of the Port Vila Compact, naval bases begin construction across the Pacific, in order to facilitate, repair, and garrison a Pacific fleet for the collective union’s protection, with one of the largest being at Guam. We also begin influencing the nation of Tidore, and a naval expedition is sent to open up trade on the islands. A second expedition to Antarctica is sent, landing in the Ferreira Sea. The entire plateau surrounding the South Pole is named the Terra de Pedro in honor of Emperor Pedro I. A joint Guiana-Brazilian expedition led by Vitor Negrete lands in OTL Droning Maud Land and names the region Terra de Rei Fernando after the Emperor’s brother. Manaus is declared the new capital of the Amazonas after the war with the Netherlands, and a new regional government is established under Nilo Peçanha. One of the region’s head military commanders during the guerrilla war in the Guianas, Cândido Rondon, as well as a former engineer in Mato Grosso, is appointed as head of the Amazona’s far west territories, and Cândido Rondon sets out to explore and chart the entire region. He successfully pacifies a number of hostile Brazilian tribes in the far west, and helps to lay thousands of miles of telephone lines and other communication technologies into the remote Amazonas. Expeditions under Cândido Rondon discover a number of important tributaries of the River Amazon, reaching Andea by river and connecting a number of distant tribes. Cândido Rondon’s expeditions open the door for further settlement of the west, particularly by the Seringueiros.
 * Spain would like to remind Brazil of the fact that Antarctica is a Spanish territory and has been for a long time now. Brazilian explorers are welcome to visit this land but Brazil the nation cannot claim that which is already Spanish.
 * Algonquia: Continues to incorporate Kolossland into the Sachemate. Although the territory does not yet receive representation in the Council of Sachems, plans exist for it do receive such in the next few years. The government tries a more conciliatory policy with the Dutch inhabitants of Newfoundland than with the Arcadians, respecting their national traditions but emphasizing their separate national identity from the corrupt and imperialistic Netherlands. The naval buildup continues, with the two new battleship nearly ready for launch in the next couple of years. Settlement of and expansion into the west and north continues, with Kitlineq expanding 5000 km. Algonquia also officially lays claim to Ellesmere Island and all associated islands as an expedition reaches the region this year. In the leased portion of Neu Juist, the Beothuk inhabitants are increasingly concerned about the area's impending return to Oldenburg. Algonquia, seeing the brutality against political dissidents occurring in parts of Europe, notably Northern Germany, is moved to reconsider the territory's return, fearing for the lives of its Beothuk inhabitants if they should dispute the majority's position and advocate for autonomy. Algonquia distributes arms to them and helps them form and train a civic militia to protect against mob violence. It also announces to the Oldenburger government that Southern Neu Juist will only be returned if adequate guarantees against violent majoritarianism and mob rule can be provided.
 * Sahtudene: Expands 5000 km east, while trade with the Pacific via the Northwest Passage increases per capita wealth in the territory greatly.
 * Lukaian: Continues to make huge profits from growing and exporting cash crops. East Asian crops like tea and silk are widely grown, along with rubber, sugar and coffee.
 * West Czechia: We continue to build up our military. The building of a railroad throughout the nation continues. Factories continue to make railroad tracks. Our local railroads now attach to the European railroads that are being made. Many factories hire both men and women. The farming industry is still the biggest industry of the nation. Our border control team now allows anyone into the nation. most people that come into our nation are people from the west that are Communists that do not fit in with western nations or that are from East Czechia that did not like that the country split. We declare war on East Czechia.
 * Emeraldie:  New construction starts on the nation's ports, farms and mines to increase the nation's exports and economic strength.  The government enacts major overhauls to the nations military, particularly its navy, part of which includes the construction of several modern ironclads and three armoured cruisers. The land forces is reorganised to include 90,000 men, with 70,000 in reserve.  Vast industrial expansion occurs in the region following years of government encouragement and subsidies, to match this, the government begins to build the transnational railway which will connect all major cities and existing railways in the nation.  We expand 800 px into the continent's interior.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories:  The more colonists and missionaries arrive in the region after the Emeraldian government portrays the territories as a lush tropical paradise.  The South Pacific station is expanded with new modern ships.  The territory government is granted the ability to control a small armed force to maintain peace in the region and protect from native aggression, its current numbers are around 2700 men.
 * Algonquia, wishing to consolidate its Caribbean territories, offers the Lesser Antilles and $1 million francs for Emeraldie's portion of the Bahamas.
 * Emeralie accepts.
 * France: Military buildup and economic expansion continues, under the 10-Year Plan, which has been focused on modernizing the French nation and industry. Technological research begins on key military fields, as we seek to create a vehicle capable of smashing through enemy lines, and creating new weapons designs. As a result, new research is poured in into making flying machines capable of combat. But these designs can barely last for a few seconds on the air, and are not mainly combat suited. While this occurs, new investments come in from the X-ray invention half-way across the ocean, and we begin to theorize that we can apply them to medical technologies, and extend lifespan across all aspects of French life. Meanwhile, General Secretary Paget heads to West Czechia, recommending them that they join Poland, to prevent the people there from being oppresed by capitalism again, and we recommend that the People's Entente directly intervene in the Czechian Civil War, and effectively deal with the East Czechian problem, in order to prevent the capitalists from regaining control. Funding for pro-Communist and secessionist groups in Pskov continue, and we begin providing them with weapons and equipment.
 * In the Grand Union (Pskov), the GDP rises along with average wages. The Inter-Republic Road network is expanded. The Science and technology aspect of Pskov is not overlooked either. As prosperity in the nation increases, the amount of money and new people investing in institutions of higher learning. As such, the various schools that existed in Nizhegorodsk-Na-Narve unite and form the "University of Nizhegorodsk", beginning a rivalry between it and Pskov. The idea of currency reform, to reform it to a decimal system is put out, in order to simplify much trade (even though it is already simple enough with multiples of 20). Zlatobrezhie becomes wealthier and wealthier as more people get used to over one hundred years of Pskovian governance. The Uzvards-Glinka Firearms Co. expands as more government contracts are heading their way for the production of the GUA-91 machine gun to replace older Uzvards models.Many more Einzbern model-93s are produced for the armed forces in industrial plants. More electric power stations are built as cities are electrified. Einzbern makes a new model of bolt-action rifle that is slightly more reliable, and is named the model-96, and made for sharpshooter divisions. Some even try to attack spyglasses, called "scopes" for increased range. These Units begin to be known as "sniper" units. The Conservatives set up another "International Slavic Congress", and invites representatives from all slavic nations to join a celebration of traditions that unite all slavs in Pskov. The Grand Union looks to the east with despair. The Government officially refuses to recognize the Socialist Republic, and decides to advance some forces in, promising asylum to all current residents. Many flee in the coming months, the Grand Union sends agents into Russia for the smuggling of human refugees fleeing the "red terror". Fortifications are built along the demilitarized zone, and some schools begin to "black out" captured areas on maps, calling them the "occupied territories". The border with Russia is strengthened along the demilitarized zone, which is quickly becoming, quite ironically, one of the most militarized zones in the world (due to lots of "you put one unit, I put two" mentality on both sides). The Jacobeit Airship Co. continues to construct new and improved airship models. Leibnitz and AVA continue their rivalry, while the motorcycle becomes a bit more popular. IN any case, the debate of anti-union and pro-union rages in the General Assembly, as the petition discussed a few years ago is presented to the Grand Senate in December. Discusions will continue next year.
 * French Diplomacy: We recommend to the people of Pskov that they stand down on the DMZ, and France, as leader of the People's Entente, will be willing to negotiate a compromise between Pskov and Russia to prevent war. \
 * The Grand Union Will not remove its troops from the DMZ until Poland removes its 600 000 men from the border (an action that can be seen as a preparation for war).
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures towards Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself towards the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry, and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman and Vlachian forces move in, securing the southern part of the country and stopping at the Wallachian-Moldavian border, as per the compromise between the Communists and Monarchists. Support for the true Vlachian government rises, and the Roman Empire provides the southern government the resources it needs to get itself back on its feet. Influence and ties with Armenia increase.
 * Africa:   The new Exarchate of Africa is formed to help rebuilt the region after the Roman intervention. Roman engineers and industrialists move in to help repair the infrastructure and get basic services back in motion. Telephone lines are laid, ports repaired, and railroads set back into motion. The Roman Empire also rebuilds many of the fortifications damaged in the intervention, to help protect the region now under Roman control. Fortifications soon ring the capital of Carthage and other major cities like Hippona, Oea, and Cirta. People with Berber or French heritage are brought in to aid in local administration and build up a sense of trust with the locals. Roman military officers begin training a dedicated and loyal militia forces to help the Roman forces in policing the territory. Expansion to the south in pursuit of trade begins in earnest. The region also begins building border posts and rail links with Algeria. The territoriy is annexed at the end of the year.
 * Tatar Empire:  The fall of the Tartary is a huge surprise, and many officials fled to Roman lands. However, the Roman Empire was able to set up a puppet government claiming legitimacy from the remnants of the Tartary. The Tatar royal family is installed as the leaders of this puppet state, with much of the government based on that of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire does what it can to industrialize and modernize the puppet state, which effectively only controls the Black Sea coast. Effort is put entirely into the army, as there is no power that can challenge the might of the Roman navy in the Black Sea. Demoralized remnants of the Tartar Army along with volunteers are trained by Roman officers to help get the state back on its feet.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Reme continues its current expansion into the native dark-grey clusterfuck, expanding another 150 pixels into it. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The Franqi brothers begin experimenting with the idea of heavier-than-air flight, but the task is daunting and will take some time to perfect a flying device. They manage to create a working model which flies for several seconds, however it isn't impressive enough and they continue their work.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started to be worked on.
 * In  Spain, the nation continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities lead to more people moving to the cities. The buildings rise higher and the trains run faster, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Barcelona and Madrid. Barcelona overtakes Valencia as the third largest city in Spain. Steamboats and cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica and continues to push for the completion of the  Trans-European rail link  from Zaragoza to Paris to Marystadt so that the eastern part (Poland-Rome/Pskov) and the western part (Lisbon-Zaragoza). The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Aragon takes all the people from Edgistan. Boats and guns. Spain commissions a more ironclads based on the German designs. More artillery stuff. The Spanish government condemns the Communists. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain proposes the formation of an anti-Communist league. Spain also seeks the return of Gibraltar and Ceuta from Croatia. The Spanish colony of West Africa expands 8000px north. # NoMoreWikiaChanges
 * ​Algeria:  Expands 5000 sq km south as part of the nationalistic campaign to become a great nation on the African continent. Military technology is brought in from Spain, as well as other things.


 * Singapore: Singapore also begins to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain. Singapore also greatly benefits from the newly re-invigorated trade in the region. Singapore builds new infrastructure with its wealth and the General-Secretary's five year growth plan continues.

Japan: We celebrate 20 years of the Emperor's rule. With the immense victory against the Chinese Coalition of Beijing we declare victory in the First Sino-Japanese War and enter diplomatic mode by making the Treaty of Beijing. We thus enter into peace mode and begin economic recovery by investing in the economy, using the money from the buildup up of industry. We also invest in maintaining the military. The   wrath of Imperial Japan is upon the Shun Dynasty as our heroic and honorable soldiers fought along side our allies the Koreans and we have successfully invaded their Imperial capital of Beijing and toppled the Shun Dynasty, gaining control of Northern China, and it was a glorious victory among the Japanese and Korean peoples. However, our victory was met with opposition against the newly formed Chinese Coalition which went to Counter-Invade Beijing and retake it for the Chinese. However, the Japanese and Korean alliance fought vehemently against their enemies and stood their ground, with the invading force having 600,000 men versus the defending force of 500,000 and Beijing has been successfully defended. It was defended so well that the Anti-Japanese Chinese Coalition retreated, resulting in the Japanese-Korean alliance gaining 2% of their territory. The First Sino-Japanese War has made heroes out of both the Japanese soldiers and the Korean soldiers and Emperor Yamamoto Raijingusan personally bestows them with the highest honors. "Our enemies our no more, for the dishonorable Shun Dynasty has been crushed in battle, and we replaced them with our honorable rule with the help of our allies the Koreans. The Chinese Coalition then tried to retake Beijing, but failed, for we have fought with honor and courage, and now Beijing, the capital of China, is ours, for the Mandate of Heaven is upon us." -Emperor Yamamoto Rajingsuan Genryuusai. Meanwhile, two books are published, On The Japanese Invasion of Beijing and on the Japanese Defense of Beijing. Meanwhile, the homeland, there is a surge of nationalism as we have succeeded in our first major war and industrialization expands as a result of the war and increased nationalism We continue to train soldiers just in case we need more and we also prepare to enter diplomacy if need be. The Emperor is outraged and infuriated with the Shun Dynasty, with his rage personally kindled against the new Emperor of China, for the New Emperor of China has not only declared war on Imperial Japan, but also invaded our allies, and worse off, their allies, the Empire of Korea, all because Imperial Japan “insulted” them. Not only was the New Emperor of China both a fool for going against the strongest nation in Asia (Japan), and a dishonorable backstabber for invading his former allies of Korea, but also is inept and incompetent, for he lead his own nation, the once great Shun Dynasty, to collapse into anarchy and civil war for the petty reason of feeling “insulted”. The Emperor of Japan has no remorse for this poor excuse of a leader, and states that all the events that happened this year are proof of all the insults/ “The Emperor of China neither desires pity nor mercy” Since the Emperor of China caused disorder to his own nation,  in order to restore order in China we are forced to declare war on the Shun Dynasty. The Emperor’s of China betrayal of Korea and  the new Emperor of China is made public throughout Japan and we mobilize a force of 250,000 men for the initial invasion of Shun China, with a reserve force of 50,000. The invasion is launched from the Sino-Korean border and the invasion plan is to cross the Sino-Korean border and advance to Beijing, the capital of Shun China. The invading army is helped with the publication of the books on the Hamburgian War, the Tartary War, The Dutch War, and the Chinese Invasion of Korea (two of these are published this year.) as well as a surge of nationalism. All the nations industry is dedicated to this war and as a result the nations military expands. We cease military operations in the Dutch East Indies as we enter diplomatic mode and our troops return as heroes. Mil/Infra turn.
 * Japanese Manchuria: In order to fuel our modernization of the mainland, mines are built on a massive scale in Japanese Manchuria as well as farms to grow food for the mainland. We encourage young Japanese males to immigrate to the sparsely populated Manchuria to build it up and we reward them large plots of land. Ports are also built up as well as railroads to link the mining and farming. Factories also pop up as well as schools and hospitals. We heavily invest in industrializing Japanese Manchuria. Econ/mil turn. Industry is dedicated to the war


 * Japanese Formosa: We invest in Formosa by implementing a massive railroad construction program as well as port construction to further the transportation of Formosa. We implement a program of both industry and agriculture in Formosa, with the industry being for Japan and the agriculture being for Formosa. We also make massive public education reform in Formosa. Industry also speeds up as a result of the wartime economy. Econ/mil turn. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Japanese Shanghai: We industrialize Shanghai and upgrade its port and infrastructure, including education. We have Shanghai specialize in shipbuilding and trading, making it a hub for trade in East Asia. We rapidly increase port building to make this city a hub for trade.
 * Northern Philippines: We welcome the former French Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Southern Philippines: We welcome the former Hamburgian Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Siberia: We welcome the former Tartary territory into our empire and we begin an extensive program to rebuild the area after the war by expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. We also expan the economy of the area. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Northern China: With the heroic conquest and defense of Beijing we claim the Japanese Empire as the next dynasty of China, however de facto we only control Northern China, and we do not even have full control over the territory. In order to establish control, the Emperor's son, Waizu, ascends to become Emperor Waizu and declares himself to be the direct successor of Xu Fu. In order to gain more followers, Emperor Waizu embraces modernization and begins developing Northern Chinese infrastcuture by building railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. There is also a standing army formed at Beijing that is being trained to maintain order throughout Northern China.
 * Japanese Northern China: With the heroic conquest and defense of Beijing we claim the Japanese Empire as the next dynasty of China, however de facto we only control Northern China, and we do not even have full control over the territory. In order to establish control, the Emperor's son, Waizu, ascends to become Emperor Waizu and declares himself to be the direct successor of Xu Fu. In order to gain more followers, Emperor Waizu embraces modernization and begins developing Northern Chinese infrastcuture by building railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. There is also a standing army formed at Beijing that is being trained to maintain order throughout Northern China.

1898
''' Beginnings of recession in eastern Asia soon become apparent. If peace in the region is not soon established, economic recession could hit Japan and collapse the already very fragile Chinese government. '''


 * Indian Empire: Queen Nur Jehan was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 318,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented on ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of Bengal, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones. The Queen has two twin male babies. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 60.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 45.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Punjabs exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 36.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagars exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Indian Overseas Territories: Aceh, Mauritius, Tromelin and Reunion.
 * United Commonwealth of Germany: Pop: 65 million; Capital: Marystadt; Chancellor: Gustrow, since 1897.
 * Commonwealth Kingdoms of Hamburg, Hanover, Prussia, Westphalia-Rhineland, Kuba, and the non-incorporated Kingdom of New Rugia: New Mecklenburg, German West Africa, Kameroon, and New Lüneburg expand 750px each. The German government is displeased that Borealia has decided to cut off negotiations, seeing as they seemingly won't be able to legally fund separatist parties in the New World enclaves. Hearing of Spain's claim to the whole of Antarctica, and their messages to Brazil and Andea, a group of men and a couple ships head directly south from New Rugia. After weeks of mapping the unfrozen coastline, the men disembark, claiming a twelve degree longitude wide area (OTL Ross Dependency plus one degree east and west), calling it Kaiser Maria Land. Reportedly, the expedition leader said upon arrival, "I don't see any spaniards or their flags". When Emperor Mary hears of the expedition, she endorses it, and offers a knightship to the first German to reach the geographic South Pole.
 * Commonwealth States of Bavaria, Austria, Venezia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, and Bremen: The Augsburg Diet continues to operate, being able to pass universal female suffrage in 1896. In military news, Felipe DiRegenati allows his war ministers to arm the border of Bavaria and France, seeing as how war becomes more likely each passing day. In a rare newspaper interview, DiRegenati speaks "It is under no expectation that war won't happen... Continually French and Communist aggression simply makes war prevention a very hard task, and I am prepared to deal with that truth." Despite tensions flaring, DiRegenati announces he will run for German chancellor in 1900, choosing Amherst-Verner as his running mate.
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: The Lord of Neu Norderney issues a proclamation in response to the increase in violence amongst the Beothuk population. The proclamation makes provisions for the establishment of an Autonomous Beothuk Territory which would be governed by Beothuk laws, whilst remaining an integral part of Neu Norderney. Beothuk accused of crimes, even outside of their autonomous territory, would have the option of being tried in Beothuk courts according to their customary law. Duke Christian VII invites Algonquian observers to Neu Norderney so they can see first hand the concern Oldenburg has for the welfare of the indigenous of Neu Norderney and Neu Juist. The Duke and his entire Government also send their assurances to Algonquia that, regardless of the success or otherwise of the negotiations in San Diego, Oldenburg harbours nothing but goodwill towards the nation of Algonquia.


 * Andea: The Nation of Andea rapidly expands its industry, with a growing call for labour rights. The average yearly wage increases to 550 reals, and for the first time the government set a yearly minum wage of 300 reals per year (for adults working full time jobs). The cost of living remains low, at roughly 1000 reals, with some areas having as low as 670 reals and as high as 8000 reals. City Living becomes more popular, as more jobs emerge in the industrial sector of the economy. The cities of Cuzco, Peru and Nazca all have populations Greater than one million, while Chirbaya-Cuzco has a population of 900,000. New Burgandy also grows to a population of 600,000. The military stands at 550,000 men, with service remaining compulsory. Population continues to grow steadily, with the population standing at 46.6 Million and rising steadly. The Telephone/Communications industry continues to grow under a few large monopolies. This industry trend is not unique to, but most notable in the Communications Industry. The Hesperia First Party continues to gain political steam, while the Nationals and Republicans lose more and more power. The Republican Party wins the presidency and the Upper House of the Senate. The Communist and Socalist parties also see significant gains, gaining one seat each. The Hesperia First party gains 18 seats, and the Nationals lose 33 seats. The Navy expands rapidly, with the introduction of Armored Cruisers and Greek fire. The Army also expands, with the adoption of the Galvin 2, an improved version of the Galvin Repeater. A new rifle, the Grant-Ramon Rifle, is adopted into the Andean military. Census results, combined with government estimates, place the number Andeans (Quechua, Mapuche or Mestizo) at 63% of the nations population, with the next largest group being Spanish (13%), French (9%), German (6%), East Asian (5%), and other (4%). Census results find that the fastest growing ethnic group is East Asian.  Andea becomes drawn to the idea of constructing a canal in the Panamanian Ithmus, and request co-operation with Emeraldie on the Project. 
 * Osea Confederation: The Confederation increases its ties to Andea, as more Andeans move into the nation. The Government also begins to expand industry. The lower cost of living in much of Osea draws in more Andean settlers, who find it easier to get by within the Confederation than Andea proper. Average wage is slightly lower than Andea, with the median being 490 reals. Cost of living stands at 800 reals on average, and is lower in some of the Republics (Santiago has the lowest at 690 reals, and East Osea and Buenos Aires are tied for the highest at 965 reals). Several Republics now have Andean majorities, including Santiago, Paraguay, Castile, and Cordoba. Population of the Confederation stands at nine million. The Territory of Patagonia is offically annexed.
 * Protectorate of Cape Ferdinand: The Protectorate, now free of the Dutch, begins an expansion of its navy and military. An Andean garrison of 35,000 men is stationed in the territory, with an additional 5000 local troops. The territory remains a critical location for travel. Population stands at 81,000. In the name of Cape Ferdinand, Andea seeks to establish trade with the Caliphate.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist, Neo-Confucian and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science.
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue to expand industry as a way to repair the economy after the end of the war. More and more people move to the city from the country in pursuit of jobs.
 * In Spain, the nation continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities led to more people moving to the cities. The buildings rise higher and the trains run faster, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Barcelona and Madrid. Barcelona overtakes Valencia as the third largest city in Spain. Steamboats and cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica and continues to push for the completion of the Trans-European rail link from Zaragoza to Paris to Marystadt so that the eastern part (Poland-Rome/Pskov) and the western part (Lisbon-Zaragoza). The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Aragon takes all the people from Edgistan. Boats and guns. Spain commissions a more ironclads based on the German designs. More artillery stuff. Tragedy strikes Spain when Prince Tomas and his wife Princess Marta are shot down in the streets of Madrid by a gunman, leaving behind their son Bruno, the only heir to the Duke of Valencia. The Spanish government condemns the Communists. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain proposes the formation of an anti-Communist league. Spain also seeks the return of Gibraltar and Ceuta from Croatia. The Spanish colony of West Africa expands 8000 px north. #NoMoreWikiaChanges
 * ​Algeria: Expands 5000 sq km south as part of the nationalistic campaign to become a great nation on the African continent. Military technology is brought in from Spain, as well as other things. Princess Diana of Algeria is disinherited for marrying a common man. She returns to Spain to live with the main family. Algeria's Prime Minister dies of lung cancer. A new election happens, leading to the victory of the Progressive Party. The new Prime Minister is Heraclio Moulin, known for his position on business regulation and the maintenance of a fair government. He is also a hero of the people for supporting equal rights for all citizens.
 * Singapore: Singapore also begins to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain. Singapore also greatly benefits from the newly re-invigorated trade in the region. Singapore builds new infrastructure with its wealth and the General-Secretary's five-year growth plan continues.
 * Borealia_Flag_2.pngUnion of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. More films are made this year, rivaling radio entertainment. New Munich becomes the first city partially run on electrical power, and now light bulbs begin replacing gas lamps. As scientists explore mechanisms at smaller levels, it is theorized that all matter behaves like a particle and wave. Machine guns continue to improve with Andean supplies. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Submarines begin to be built for the purpose of breaking through northern ice caps. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast. The Curia announces the creation of a World's Fair Exhibition scheduled for 1900, to complement the New Munich Olympics the same year, inventors from all over world are invited to showcase their innovations while the Olympics take place. Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. Support continues to be given to the Republican rebels in China. San Francisco continues to improve earthquake-proofing technology. Seeing as Germany is unwilling to compromise on any peaceful terms, the representatives of the German Foreign Office are forcefully removed from San Diego. A new flag symbolizing the Union of Borealia in the modern era was designed in 1896, and this year completely replaces the old flag.
 * Commonwealth Bavarian Dip: Felipe DiRegenati laughs at the brash, ridiculous actions the Borealian government has taken. With our secretaries and ministers safely in our nation, we wonder why Borealia has taken such harsh measures. The Treaty of San Diego is an entirely unacceptable document to sign, and it's as if Borealia expects Germany to bend the knee and support such a document. The government of Borealia must remember that Germany, particularly Bavaria, is its motherland, and we peacefully, and happily, granted the land independence. We can easily become your enemy if you continue on this imperialistic, aggressive foreign policy initiative.
 * Union of Borealia Dip: The Borealian State Department finds Germany's accusations contemptible. Do you actually consider us imperialist by desiring all states to have equal opportunity for independence? Do you consider it ridiculous to make some kind of compromise when Borealia and her allies bend over backwards to make concessions ourselves? Our admiration for the motherland is unbounded, but our patience for this imposing, patronizing behavior is quite limited. Why should Borealia make any more concessions to Germany if they unwilling to give anything in return. The ministers are welcome to return to San Diego when they are willing to propose some sort of compromise. 
 * The State of Australia: The ports continue to be expanded and the new city of Dandiri is built on the Pacific Coast. As more businesses are taken up by Muslim natives, the German colonists begin migrating to the new communities farther inland. Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. An irrigation program continues to be designed, with the hopes of aiding settlements in the outback. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry.
 * The Borealian Maritime Territory: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base in Midway. 
 * Colony of Kinshasa: Also this year, the Curia authorizes the creation of a small settlement in central Africa, funded by the same entrepreneurs who opened up the northwest passage. The first objective of this company is to set up a mining company, opening up to the African natives as cheap labor. A few houses begin construction as well.
 * Empire of Lanka: The Lankan government focuses on industrialization. Accelerated industrialization in Lanka continues. The Edict of 1891 and Waardige Accord stay in effect. Dutch architecture, arts, and culture have had a permanent effect on Lankan culture, although Lankan culture still remains with its own identity. The army remains one of the most modern in Asia due to the permanent result of European military from the Dutch throughout the protectoratecy. As the populations move to the cities, more and more men are recruited in the Lankan army. The parliament enacts nationwide conscription to reform the military, requiring all able-bodied men above twenty-one need to have at least eight years in active service, following by three years in the reserves. As the populations move to the cities, more and more men are recruited in the Lankan army. The most recent census taken in 1860, accounts for 2,992,224 citizens. The trade ports on the island remain in heavy use with expansion of trade in Asia. Significant urbanization causes the cities of Waardige, Sri Jaywardenepura Kotte, Kandy, Kalmunai, and Galle, to be flooded with people. Waardige continues to be a trade, technological and industrial center in Asia. The complex Waardige canal system sees fall in use as more and more it becomes outdated due to changes in ships. The Island Spoorwegmaatschappij starts massive construction of railroads across the islands. Religion in the empire continues to be mixed with the three main religions of Hinduism, Buddhism and Dutch Reformist being worshipped on the main island while there are a few animist natives on Nava Kotte. The Lankan navy still holds warships that were supplied during the protectoratecy.The provincie system instituted in 1773 is changed to be less feudal and more bureaucratic, which basically turns them into an administrative division. The the title of the head of the provincie is changed from Count to Emperor's Commissioner. The King's Commissioner is also the head of the parliament (provinciale staten) in the provincie. Along with there being provinciale statens, a main parliament is also created. This main parliament will be assembled on the Emperor's command, and is used to decide issues, create public projects, and pass laws for the whole empire. Last year the emperor called the main parliament to discuss the issue of public education and the idea of the creating a constitution. The Emperor and the parliament passed the Compulsory Education Act of 1886, which states that education in Lanka for the ages of five to ten is compulsory. In elementary school the children learn Sinhala and Dutch (reading and writing) and basic mathematics. Also incorporated in this act is an edict against children working over thirteen hours a day. The emperor and parliament also created a constitution that officially set up the bureaucratic system. Last year parliament wanted to start to pursue a policy of faster industrialization, and to do this they passed the Edict of 1888 which abolished the caste system and slavery as well. Lankan industrial funding is used to build factories in the capital first, and then creating factiories across major cities in the empire. To assist accelearted industrialization, Lanka tries to define its national unity. The government establishes the national language to be Sinhalese, and enforces this in schools. A law is created to ban the use of the Tamil language on signs and in public places. Buddhism is also made the national religion and is inserted into the national curriculum. Lanka starts massively producing and exporting cigars (and other uses for tobacco), rubber, and mining diamonds and other precious gems. Galle continues to be fit by the Germans to build ironclads. Ironclads continue being purchased from the Germans. Lanka also enters into the Olympic Committee, but does not attend the 1900 due to location.
 * Indian Diplomacy: The Amir of Vijaynagar, Raja Rajendra Chola condemns the ban on Tamil and requests the Lankan government to immediately revoke the law as it is unfair to the ethnic Tamil population who reside in Lanka.
 * Romania: In Moldavia and Dobruja, we begin agricultural industrialisation. We build more factories in our nation. More collectivisation occurs. We create our first tractor, with a wooden, but later iron track.
 * Romanian Dip: We ask for technological support from Communist nations.
 * Morocco: The Kingdom of Morocco renames to Sultanate of Morocco in honor of Sultan Abdelaziz and continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 300,000 people every year, thanks to Moroccan Population Growing Act 1898 signed by Sultan Abdelaziz. The population of Morocco now stands at ten million people, while the number of military troops stands at 90,000 soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships and 14 frigates. The nation expands by 1000 px per year to keep it stronger and independent, with a few new cities are built, roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer schools, museums, colleges and more houses and mining planets are built. The mining plants produces materials coal, iron and now gold and copper, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. A few docks and mosques are built. Artillery become more widely used in combat and some industries continues building a series of wartime artillery, which later added it to Moroccan Armed Forces. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and one new railway line are opened in service. Sultan Abdelaziz continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. Morocco continue improving relations with Roman Empire and France to seek friendly alliances in future. Morocco continues to claim northern parts of UGK West Africa from United German Kingdoms, which later on in future they join Morocco. The earliest known first Moroccan film is a silent film with title Sultans Dreamland, is produced and released on 23 May 1898. The Moroccan film history begins with Borealian film stars visited Morocco and learned Moroccans with how to produce a film.
 * Independent State of China: We ask the Japanese for the country to be divided into less nations, with only 1-5 strong nations to keep peace. The last remaining Chinese Coalition forces, with the powerful warlord armies under their control, make a defensive line, the last hope for China. The Communists continue to support Communists in Japan and tells the Democrats to do likewise. We ask all Communist nations to become a sattelite of them. We refuse to sign the Treaty of Beijing.
 * West Czechia: We continue to build up our military. The building of a railroad throughout the nation continues. Factories continue to make railroad tracks. Our local railroads now attach to the European railroads that are being made. Many factories hire both men and women. The farming industry is still the biggest industry of the nation. Our border control team now allows anyone into the nation. most people that come into our nation are people from the west that are Communists that do not fit in with western nations or that are from East Czechia that did not like that the country split. Our military send troops into East Czechia to try to unify the lands. Some how a East Czechian trooper gets into our nation and assassinates our leader Viktor Havel. Quickly a new leader is replaced. Silvester Duran is elected as the new leader of the nation. His political party is Social Anarchism. Silvester tries to unify both West and East Czechia under one ruler, by asking East Czechia that we will allow Communists to corrupt our minds with evil ideas.
 * Algonquia continues to incorporate Kolossland into the Sachemate. Although the territory does not yet receive representation in the Council of Sachems, plans exist for it do receive such in the next few years. The government tries a more conciliatory policy with the Dutch inhabitants of Newfoundland than with the Arcadians, respecting their national traditions but emphasizing their separate national identity from the corrupt and imperialistic Netherlands. The naval buildup continues, with one of the new battleships launched. The military expands somewhat, helping reduce unemployment. Settlement of and expansion into the west and north continues, with Kitlineq expanding the max amount. Algonquian continues to back Beothuk nationalist groups in Neu Norderney and Neu Juist, regardless of the outcome of the San Diego negotiations. Arms are sent to them for defence against the mob violence against dissidents that seems increasingly common in Germany. Some in the nationalist groups worry that they may need to escalate to an insurgency in order to get any public airing for their ideas, since peaceful dissent is too dangerous at present, although Algonquia currently advises against this. The government also reiterates that the leased territory will not be returned until the government can be confident of the welfare of the Boethuk population.
 * Sahtudene: Expands the maximum amount east, while trade with the Pacific via the Northwest Passage increases per capita wealth in the territory greatly.
 * Lukaian: Continues to make huge profits from growing and exporting cash crops. East Asian crops like tea and silk are widely grown, along with rubber, sugar and coffee. The Emeraldie Bahamas are incorporated, while the Antilles pass to Emeraldie.
 * United German Dip: Germany assures Algonquia that as long as the Boethuk do not attempt to incite revolt (like the spies Poland sends into Germany), they will be treated fairly.
 * Algonquia finds these assurances satisfactory, and returns the territory to Oldenburger control.
 * Brazil:''' Another expedition is sent to Antarctica, commanded by Pedro Possuelo, landing in the Ferreira Sea near OTL Belgrando II. A base camp is established near the landing site to act as a permanent structure that will be temporarily settled by Brazilian scientists and explorers throughout the year. The area in the immediate vicinity is nicknamed Terra de Rondon after the Brazilian hero and explorer Cândido Rondon (OTL Coat’s Land). After traveling across the Antarctic Plateau, the Terra de Pedro, after several months of travel Possuelo’s expedition reaches the South Pole, and after a brief stay begins the return journey back to the base camp, now known as Paranhos after the empire’s first foreign minister. At the same time a second expedition under Afonso Gonçalves Baldaia lands in the OTL South Orkney Islands, which he calls the Rochas Sagrados. Baldaia’s expedition lands east of Possuelo’s, and he sets up another temporary camp at OTL Halley. Rather than march on the pole, Baldaia charts out the coastal region. On his return journey Baldaia follows the coast of Antarctica to the tip of Hesperia, landing on OTL King George Island, which he names Ilha do Príncipe Afonso. When word reaches Brazil of the German expeditions to the continent, the foreign minister Paranhos states that the Empire of Brazil will respect German claims, as long as the Brazilian claims (OTL Weddell Sea, Coat’s Land, Droning Maud Land) are respected. The foreign minister also agrees that Spain’s weak claim to the entire continent is frivolous, although is willing to recognize a more logical Spanish claim. That said the Brazilian government assesses that neither side would be willing to war over such a valueless continent, and claims are not adamantly rejected. In São Sebastião the Velodrome de São Sebastião, a 5000 capacity stadium within the city, and the Finca Football Stadium, a 10,000 capacity stadium owned partially by the city’s yacht clubs, is completed, and the city’s football organizers begin a proper season between the Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas, Clube de Regatas do Flamengo, the São Sebastião Football Club, and other newly formed teams. Construction of the 20,000 capacity stadium in São Sebastião, known as the Estádio de São Pedro Apóstolo, continues. Influence of the nation of Tidore continues, after Brazilian ships forcefully open up trade. Brazilian officials meet with the nation’s government and sign a one-sided trade agreement, although in the long run the agreement also aims to increase standards of living on the small Pacific nation itself. Seeing the need to continuously protect the Empire of Brazil’s growing naval and colonial interests, several more battleships, destroyers and auxiliary ships begin construction. Additionally the battleships Campos Gerais and São Sebastião are completed, while production on the Santa Cruz and Espírito Santo continues. With military personnel having firmly secured Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands, construction begins on a military base at Guam, and local governments are established to rule over the territories. Settlement of the Amazonas continues, spearheaded by the efforts of Cândido Rondon and the Seringueiros.'''
 * Lombardy: Giovanni Martini becomes the king of the nation. The king ask the Roman Empire for an alliance. Our military is increasing due to tensions rising in Europe. Factories mostly make weapons for our military. with the increase of factories in the nation, more jobs are being made. The employment rate as increased in the nation. Both men and women can get equal jobs. Agriculture is our second best industry in the nation. The railway industry is continuing to work on improving the tracks.
 * United Nordic Republics
 * ​Republic of Denmark: The repair of Copenhagen continues this year. Hans Kuschek continues to lead the free people of Denmark with a 63% approval rating. Denmark continues sending troops to Iceland as the Winter War draws to a close. With the Treaty of Rekyjavik being signed, Denmark applauds Iceland's efforts in its victory against Borealia and Algonquia. It eagerly anticipates a return to peace. Roads are repaired in Jutland after the winter as docks are serviced. In the meantime, a telephone line is established between Zealand and Jutland, allowing for faster communication. A phone line across the Kattegat is planned as early as 1884. A new protected cruiser class, the Stejlt-Class, is produced. The Stejlt-Class is replacing the Jernskrog-Class cruiser, which saw heavy action during the Nordic Revolutions. There are over 200 ships in total flying Danish colors.
 * Republic of Sweden: Rebuilding efforts in Stockholm continues. Three former members of the Reiksdag of Sweden are found and beheaded in Copenhagen. The Intemerhuvudsak is invented. This device beheads people quickly and painlessly. Construction on the new Riksdag Building continues  in Stockholm. The roads to Finland and Norway are repaved. These roads, which saw extensive damage due to weathering and the Nordic Revolutions, are in dire need of repair. Currently, the Riksdag is dominated by the Social Democratic party, with a whopping 82% of popular vote going to the Social Democratic party of Sweden. Juhanni Eriksen remains in power. Sweden adopts the Stejt-Class protected cruiser. Currently, there are 93 ships in total flying Swedish colors. The military of Sweden improves.
 * Republic of Norway: Christjen Sigurson continues his term as president of the Norwegian Republic. Norway produces the Knulleskipetditt-Class protected cruiser, deciding the Stejt-Class is unfit for patrolling the North Sea and the open waters. Three are produced. In the meantime, Norway sends troops to the cause in the Winter War, congratulating Iceland on a victory. Christjen Sigurdson states the necessity of good relations with Algonquia and Borealia following this war. "Now that we've settled these differences, let's get back to making money." There are currently 193 ships flying Norwegian colors.
 * Republic of Finland: Jonna Kekkonnen visits the Karelian cities this year. She wishes to improve the cities of Karelja, forming the Karelja Initiative. In the meantime, landlines to Sweden and Norway are proposed. Construction is mid-way by Christmas this year. She sends money and foodstuff to Helluland in the Winter War. The Anaalihävityksen-Class protected cruiser is commissioned, though Finland is more interested in buying used ships from the Nordic Revolutions where applicable. The city of Helsinki sees drastic growth this year as urbanization in Finland continues. Kekkekon continues to fight for women's rights. There are 73 ships in Finland's navy.
 * Commonwealth of Iceland: Iceland's immediate concern, the Winter War, seems to be over. The people of Iceland rejoice. Literacy programs in Iceland begin. According to the Alting, too many people 'can't figure out how to spell our damn words right.' Reykyjavik sees improvements this year. The University of Reykyjavik opens its doors in 1881. The university is noted for being the 'North Pole of Academia.' Speaking of the North Pole, expeditions are sent to the Arctic ice cap to investigate the North Pole. The navy of Iceland improves, with the Augapóker-Class cruiser being released this year. Iceland wishes to increase relations with Algonquia and Borealia, offering to re-open the embassy in Helluland and Rekyjavik.
 * People's Republic of Poland: General Secretary is furious with the recent events that have taken place in West Czechia, and refuses to acknowledge the new government that has formed in the new nation of unified Czechia. However, the new effects of his Ten Year Plan which finished last year continue to be seen throughout the nation, with large increased in agricultural and industrial output throughout the country. More factories continue to be built throughout the nation. HM Starek's changes in the harbour of Gdansk continue to be seen with increased trading output and capacity for ships. The HM commissions five new ironclads which are finished by the end of the year and put into service. Meanwhile, Foreign Minister Dubanowski continues funding of peaceful Communist organizations in Czechia, Silesia, Slovakia, Croatia, North Romania, Ruthenia, Pskov, and Prussia. The Foreign Minister also continues funding of the Anti-Juror Action in Pskov.


 * The Caliphate: Improves both the infrastructure and economy aross the realm. With the arrival of two twin sons, the younger, named Abu Bakr, will rule over the Caliphate, the older, Abd al-Hamid, will rule over the Indian Empire. Reciving westernization efforts from th e Roman Empire, the Caliphate under Caliph Hakeem bin Malik, begins a drastic westernization effort. Facing opposition from political enimies and risk of revolt, the Caliph incorporates the "Shura", the equivilent of Western Parliaments, into the Caliphate. With almost identical system to the Roman Empire, the implementation of the Shura was a display of Westernization wthin the Caliphate. With the deluge of the Tartary, we begin to promote the idea of a pan-Islamic State, espcially with the same house of the Caliphate also ruling over the the Indian Empire. The Caliphate encourages five main regions for population growth: Central Tigris-Euphrates Basin, for Muslims only, Mecca and Medina, around the Aral Sea, and Central-Southern Persia. With the signing of pact, uniting India, the Caliphate, and Japan, eventually, other nations, we attempt to find new resources to exploit with the arrival of westernization, making a profitable business. We also begin to incorporate Somalia directly into the Caliphate, trying to get rid of the idea that they are a colony of the Caliphate. Caliph Hakeem completely renovates the provincial system, the new one being extremely based on culture and ethnicity, so persons are able to feel represented by their own people. With recent urbanization, we also promote population growth in places such as Sana'a, Aden, and Muscat. We donate a moderate sum of our income to the maintainence and improvement of our two Holy Cities, Medina and Mecca. Trying to find a new city on the Southern Persian gulf, we drastically improve the small town of Dubai, hoping to make it a major trading hub. We begin to improve relations with both the Roman Empire, Ethiopia, and Afghanistan. We progressively convert the people in Iran and Oman to Sunni Islam, bribing local heretical religious leaders. [Inf/Eco]
 * Ban Republic of Croatia (Banska Republika Hrvatska): Sewerage systems similar to Ragusan ones are built in major towns of the Archvoivodeship. With growing Ragusan influence, and the beginning of further colonization, the navy expands rapidly using much of the Ragusan expertise. Moreover, with the influx of new resources in form of lumber, labour and metals, the navy begins expanding at a fast rate. More and more ships capable of crossing the Atlantic with ease are built. The Sabor intends to restore the glorious naval culture of the Neretva peoples and plans to do so by expanding the navy. The kravata (tie) is more and more used as an accessory. Trade routes are strengthened and the salt mines around Tuzla are explored as well as the salt industry in Pag and Nin. Using irrigation from the Danube, Sava, Drava, Drina, Cetina, Una, Vrbaš, Kupa, Neretva and other rivers the fields in the kingdom are developed, used for crops such as wheat, rye and barley. With trade routes increasing and Croatia entering an era of peace and of stability, the development of new trade ships is issued. Stone mining is furthered as well as the timber industry. The need for these resources rises as urbanization carries on. Iron ores in Dugopolje, Zenice and at last the 'mud' ore in Vojvodina and Eastern Slavonia are to be exploited alongside the silver and copper ores more frequently and of better quality than the iron ores. The exploitation of iron ores in the Lika and Gorski kotar areas continues. The salt industry in Ston is funded by the government. The influx of resources from Dahomey aids the economy. However, the government makes sure that the gold arriving isn't immediately put on the market in order to control the inflation in the worth of gold. The silver mine in Srebrenica is mined. Kotor Saraka (Adelaide) continues to expand. A large military reform is put into motion by the government, and the Roman Empire is asked to aid with technological innovations, basing the reasons on their long-lasting good relations among other things.
 * Županija Dahomey: The natural resources are quickly put to use, such as coconuts, cotton both refined and raw as well as the gold. Finally, the wood industry prospers as materiel is needed for new ships that would help keep the connection between Croatia and Dahomey strong.
 * Isles of the Archvoivodeship (Otoci Nadvojvodstva): The infrastructure is built up.
 * Županija of Hercules Pillars' (Županija Herkulovih Stupova): The županija's pivotal position as a trade nod creates an a sufficite allowing for the economy to expand.
 * Ban Republic of Carantania (Banska Republika Karantanija): Being Alpine Slavic nation, the leaders begin a programme to create a standardized Carantanian language that will reflect on both the Slavic and Alpine (Germanic) aspects of Carantania.
 * Sukadang Županija: Croatization. Expansion onto the other parts of Borneo.
 * In the Grand Union (Pskov), the GDP rises along with average wages. The Inter-Republic Road network is expanded. The Science and technology aspect of Pskov is not overlooked either. As prosperity in the nation increases, the amount of money and new people investing in institutions of higher learning. As such, the various schools that existed in Nizhegorodsk-Na-Narve unite and form the "University of Nizhegorodsk", beginning a rivalry between it and Pskov. The idea of currency reform, to reform it to a decimal system is put out, in order to simplify much trade (even though it is already simple enough with multiples of 20). Zlatobrezhie becomes wealthier and wealthier as more people get used to over one hundred years of Pskovian governance. The Uzvards-Glinka Firearms Co. expands as more government contracts are heading their way for the production of the GUA-91 machine gun to replace older Uzvards models.Many more Einzbern model-93s are produced for the armed forces in industrial plants. More electric power stations are built as cities are electrified. Einzbern makes a new model of bolt-action rifle that is slightly more reliable, and is named the model-96, and made for sharpshooter divisions. Some even try to attatck spyglasses, called "scopes" for increased range. These Units begin to be known as "sniper" units. The Conservatives set up another "International Slavic Congress", and invites representatives from all slavic nations to join a celebration of traditions that unite all slavs in Pskov. The Grand Union looks to the east with despair. The Grand Union sends agents into Russia for the smuggling of human refugees fleeing the "red terror", and for funding militant organizations in Poland secretly (oy, Will, you do it to me first). Fortifications are built along the demilitarized zone, and some schools begin to "black out" captured areas on maps, calling them the "occupied territories". The border with Russia and Poland are strengthened along the demilitarized zone, which is quickly becoming, quite ironically, one of the most militarized zones in the world (due to lots of "you put one unit, I put two" mentality on both sides). The Jacobeit Airship Co. continues to construct new and improved airship models. Leibnitz and AVA continue their rivalry, while the motorcycle becomes a bit more popular. More money is invested into reaserch grants, and many people continue experimenting (with much failure, may I add) in attempting to create heavier-than-air flying machines powered by aerodynamic lift. Viktor Kadinsky begins studying birds in an attempt to figure out how to create a better aircraft. In any case, the debate of anti-union and pro-union rages in the General Assembly, as the petition discussed a few years ago is presented to the Grand Senate in December. The Liberal Caucus is divided on the issue, with more debates occurring. Before the split can become more strenuous, the Free and Unionist Liberals reach a compromise. They both agree that competition must prevail, and that the free market and free trade are the best way to success. The party comes to a collective decision that Unions are indispensible to the rights of the workers, because it will give them a collective voice against possible tyrranical practices, and that to be fired for simply being part of a union is incredibly unfair and against workers' rights. Promises never to unionize are considered "unreasonable" contracts. They both agree that government should only minimaly intervene in the economy, and that monopolies are the bane of competition, be it corporate, or union monopolies (i.e., there should not be a single union, because then the unions could not compete amongst themselves as to ensure better conditions for workers). This is done in part to get votes from the New Democrats, and from the Christians and Conservatives, who have taken the opposite stance, that the best way to ensure workers rights and to fight poeverty is through personal charity. Debates about more rights and government aid become common, and the idea of universal healthcare is talked about, much like the minimal education standard. The New Democrats adopt this as a platform. The Grand Union tells France that unless Poland removes its 600,000 men from the DMZ there will be no chance of the Grand Union removing its forces as well.
 * Regency Republic of Britannia: The talks between the parliament and Devon Goddard are met with little success other than an agreement to tone down rhetoric from both sides due to the current political climate of Europe. This however, has not prevented Goddard from releasing a revolutionary pamphlet advocating for Syndicalism called The Syndicalist Pamphlet which advocates for an extreme version of Syndicalism that borders on anarchy. Due to current working conditions, wage payments, and inflation, this pamphlet has little trouble getting popular with the masses, but due to agreements to tone down rhetoric, there is currently no active leader to condense these feelings of the common folk. Industry does begin to pick up, however, despite the inflation, with hopes that the increase in common goods will allowed prices to fall. The Royal Officers Corp has recovered mostly with increased recruitment and graduates, allowing for perhaps a competant army now on its own. With the increase of the size of the Royal Officers Corp and the now the size of the overall military, extra emphasis is being put on increasing the supplies in such things as guns, ammunition, and uniforms.
 * Britannic Desircit: The colony begins its inland expasion again as supplies become more regulated as stabiltiy increases. With the increase of supplies and stability, industry begins to redevelop on the largest coastal cities, mainly focused on refining goods from other Britannic colonies. 
 * New Guerney: Sugar and coffee plantations are still the most popular for this colony, and continue to be a source of revenue. Though it lacks much heavy industry, it more than makes up for it in excessive shipments of raw goods.
 * Britannic Afrika: Army/Econ turn.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures towards Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself towards the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry, and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman and Vlachian forces move in, securing the southern part of the country and stopping at the Wallachian-Moldavian border, as per the compromise between the Communists and Monarchists. Support for the true Vlachian government rises, and the Roman Empire provides the southern government the resources it needs to get itself back on its feet. Influence and ties with Armenia increase.
 * Africa:   The new Exarchate of Africa is formed to help rebuilt the region after the Roman intervention. Roman engineers and industrialists move in to help repair the infrastructure and get basic services back in motion. Telephone lines are laid, ports repaired, and railroads set back into motion. The Roman Empire also rebuilds many of the fortifications damaged in the intervention, to help protect the region now under Roman control. Fortifications soon ring the capital of Carthage and other major cities like Hippona, Oea, and Cirta. People with Berber or French heritage are brought in to aid in local administration and build up a sense of trust with the locals. Roman military officers begin training a dedicated and loyal militia forces to help the Roman forces in policing the territory. Expansion to the south in pursuit of trade begins in earnest. The region also begins building border posts and rail links with Algeria. The territoriy is annexed at the end of the year.
 * Tatar Empire:  The fall of the Tartary is a huge surprise, and many officials fled to Roman lands. However, the Roman Empire was able to set up a puppet government claiming legitimacy from the remnants of the Tartary. The Tatar royal family is installed as the leaders of this puppet state, with much of the government based on that of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire does what it can to industrialize and modernize the puppet state, which effectively only controls the Black Sea coast. Effort is put entirely into the army, as there is no power that can challenge the might of the Roman navy in the Black Sea. Demoralized remnants of the Tartar Army along with volunteers are trained by Roman officers to help get the state back on its feet.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Reme continues its current expansion into the native dark-grey clusterfuck, expanding another 150 pixels into it. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The Franqi brothers begin experimenting with the idea of heavier-than-air flight, but the task is daunting and will take some time to perfect a flying device. They manage to create a working model which flies for several seconds. However, it isn't impressive enough and they continue their work.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started to be worked on.
 * Imperial Japan: We declare peace in the First Sino-Japanese War and invest in rejuvinating our economy, we shall give the various governments of China two years, until 1900, to reform under the Treaty of Beijing. Econ mil/turn. celebrate 20 years of the Emperor's rule. With the immense victory against the Chinese Coalition of Beijing we declare victory in the First Sino-Japanese War and enter diplomatic mode by making the Treaty of Beijing. We thus enter into peace mode and begin economic recovery by investing in the economy, using the money from the buildup up of industry. We also invest in maintaining the military. The   wrath of Imperial Japan is upon the Shun Dynasty as our heroic and honorable soldiers fought along side our allies the Koreans and we have successfully invaded their Imperial capital of Beijing and toppled the Shun Dynasty, gaining control of Northern China, and it was a glorious victory among the Japanese and Korean peoples. However, our victory was met with opposition against the newly formed Chinese Coalition which went to Counter-Invade Beijing and retake it for the Chinese. However, the Japanese and Korean alliance fought vehemently against their enemies and stood their ground, with the invading force having 600,000 men versus the defending force of 500,000 and Beijing has been successfully defended. It was defended so well that the Anti-Japanese Chinese Coalition retreated, resulting in the Japanese-Korean alliance gaining 2% of their territory. The First Sino-Japanese War has made heroes out of both the Japanese soldiers and the Korean soldiers and Emperor Yamamoto Raijingusan personally bestows them with the highest honors. "Our enemies our no more, for the dishonorable Shun Dynasty has been crushed in battle, and we replaced them with our honorable rule with the help of our allies the Koreans. The Chinese Coalition then tried to retake Beijing, but failed, for we have fought with honor and courage, and now Beijing, the capital of China, is ours, for the Mandate of Heaven is upon us." -Emperor Yamamoto Rajingsuan Genryuusai. Meanwhile, two books are published, On The Japanese Invasion of Beijing and on the Japanese Defense of Beijing. Meanwhile, the homeland, there is a surge of nationalism as we have succeeded in our first major war and industrialization expands as a result of the war and increased nationalism We continue to train soldiers just in case we need more and we also prepare to enter diplomacy if need be. The Emperor is outraged and infuriated with the Shun Dynasty, with his rage personally kindled against the new Emperor of China, for the New Emperor of China has not only declared war on Imperial Japan, but also invaded our allies, and worse off, their allies, the Empire of Korea, all because Imperial Japan “insulted” them. Not only was the New Emperor of China both a fool for going against the strongest nation in Asia (Japan), and a dishonorable backstabber for invading his former allies of Korea, but also is inept and incompetent, for he lead his own nation, the once great Shun Dynasty, to collapse into anarchy and civil war for the petty reason of feeling “insulted”. The Emperor of Japan has no remorse for this poor excuse of a leader, and states that all the events that happened this year are proof of all the insults/ “The Emperor of China neither desires pity nor mercy” Since the Emperor of China caused disorder to his own nation,  in order to restore order in China we are forced to declare war on the Shun Dynasty. The Emperor’s of China betrayal of Korea and  the new Emperor of China is made public throughout Japan and we mobilize a force of 250,000 men for the initial invasion of Shun China, with a reserve force of 50,000. The invasion is launched from the Sino-Korean border and the invasion plan is to cross the Sino-Korean border and advance to Beijing, the capital of Shun China. The invading army is helped with the publication of the books on the Hamburgian War, the Tartary War, The Dutch War, and the Chinese Invasion of Korea (two of these are published this year.) as well as a surge of nationalism. All the nations industry is dedicated to this war and as a result the nations military expands. We cease military operations in the Dutch East Indies as we enter diplomatic mode and our troops return as heroes. Mil/Infra turn.
 * Japanese Manchuria: In order to fuel our modernization of the mainland, mines are built on a massive scale in Japanese Manchuria as well as farms to grow food for the mainland. We encourage young Japanese males to immigrate to the sparsely populated Manchuria to build it up and we reward them large plots of land. Ports are also built up as well as railroads to link the mining and farming. Factories also pop up as well as schools and hospitals. We heavily invest in industrializing Japanese Manchuria. Econ/mil turn. Industry is dedicated to the war


 * Japanese Formosa: We invest in Formosa by implementing a massive railroad construction program as well as port construction to further the transportation of Formosa. We implement a program of both industry and agriculture in Formosa, with the industry being for Japan and the agriculture being for Formosa. We also make massive public education reform in Formosa. Industry also speeds up as a result of the wartime economy. Econ/mil turn. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Japanese Shanghai: We industrialize Shanghai and upgrade its port and infrastructure, including education. We have Shanghai specialize in shipbuilding and trading, making it a hub for trade in East Asia. We rapidly increase port building to make this city a hub for trade.
 * Northern Philippines: We welcome the former French Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Southern Philippines: We welcome the former Hamburgian Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Siberia: We welcome the former Tartary territory into our empire and we begin an extensive program to rebuild the area after the war by expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. We also expan the economy of the area. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Northern China: With the heroic conquest and defense of Beijing we claim the Japanese Empire as the next dynasty of China, however de facto we only control Northern China, and we do not even have full control over the territory. In order to establish control, the Emperor's son, Waizu, ascends to become Emperor Waizu and declares himself to be the direct successor of Xu Fu. In order to gain more followers, Emperor Waizu embraces modernization and begins developing Northern Chinese infrastcuture by building railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. There is also a standing army formed at Beijing that is being trained to maintain order throughout Northern China.
 * Japanese Northern China: With the heroic conquest and defense of Beijing we claim the Japanese Empire as the next dynasty of China, however de facto we only control Northern China, and we do not even have full control over the territory. In order to establish control, the Emperor's son, Waizu, ascends to become Emperor Waizu and declares himself to be the direct successor of Xu Fu. In order to gain more followers, Emperor Waizu embraces modernization and begins developing Northern Chinese infrastcuture by building railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. There is also a standing army formed at Beijing that is being trained to maintain order throughout Northern China.

1899
''' Map will be updated to reflect the new century. Post changes and stuff. By now, you know what to do. '''
 * United Commonwealth of Germany:  Pop: 65 million; Capital: Marystadt; Chancellor: Gustrow, since 1897


 * Commonwealth States of Bavaria, Austria, Venezia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, and Bremen: The Augsburg Diet continues to operate, being able to pass universal female suffrage in 1896. In military news, Felipe DiRegenati allows his war ministers to arm the border of Bavaria and France, seeing as how war becomes more likely each passing day. In a rare newspaper interview, DiRegenati speaks "It is under no expectation that war won't happen... Continually French and Communist aggression simply makes war prevention a very hard task, and I am prepared to deal with that truth." Despite tensions flaring, DiRegenati announces he will run for German chancellor in 1900, choosing Amherst-Verner as his running mate. In 1899, Heinrik Paks refuses to return to negotiations about the Treaty of San Diego, thinking it to be a pointless venture.
 * The Union of Borealia: Regrets hearing that Germany's hectic political infighitng prevents them from making any reasonable compromise at this time, and hopes that reconciliation will come in the future.
 * Commonwealth Duchy of Oldenburg: The Beothuk Authonomous Region is officially created this year, with the Beothuk clans sitting in the first session of the Beothuk Council, the legislative body for the Autonomous Region. The Neu Norderney Landtag considers setting aside a few seats for Beothuk, and will vote on the proposition next year. In other news, the Oldenburger military expands. Oldenburger diplomats remain in San Diego, hoping to make some sort of progress despite the general stubbornness prevailing at the meeting.
 * Indian Empire: Queen Nur Jehan was proclaimed the Empress of India in 1888, starting a new era. The Indian population rose to about 331,772,000, and the flocking of the people to coastal cities continued, with a mass increase of population in Kolkata, Mahmudpur, Karachi, Mumbai, Surat and various other minor cities and townships throughout the state. The Indian army, equipped with semi-modern armaments stood at 720,000 troops with an additional 250,000 reserves whilst the Imperial Guard was composed of 20,000 troops and the armament industry thrived on local and national level, with armaments rarely imported from foreign nations. The Indian navy experimented on ironclads and had started production of larger classes of steam engine ships, churning out first rate ironclads for various fleets, and more third rates, and fourth rates with the occasional second rate to augment the smaller patrol fleets with 40% of the national navy harboured at the Andaman and Kolkata ports. In agriculture was the largest economic focus of Bengal, exporting various crops to foreign nations with the international jute and cotton textile production largely under Indian control. Along the same time, the Indian Renaissance were in full swing, with movements such as the Young India movement having aided in national modernisation and a massive rise in literacy and education. Moreover, promotion of industrialisation and capitalism allowed the Imperial authorities to construct a Trans-National Railway, connecting the entire Empire as well as introduction of many other commodities such as telephones. The Queen has two twin male babies. [Mil/Eco Turn]
 * Khedivate of Bahamani: The Capital of Bahamani was Hyderabad and the population was 68.2 million. The Bahamani military was modernised, standing at roughly 80,000 and a major port and naval base was constructed at Mahmudpur, with 25% of the national navy harboured at Bahamani ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as cotton, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Bahamanis exports as well. About the same time, the Bahamani textile and fishery industries reached new heights.
 * Khedivate of Punjab: The Capital of Punjab was Lahore and the population was 48.8 million. The Punjabi military was modernised, standing at roughly 160,000. In the economic sector, wheat played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as rice, cotton, cotton and ruits maintained a major presence in Punjabs exports as well. About the same time, the Punjabi rock-salt, sugar and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Khedivate of Vijaynagar: The Capital of Vijaynagar was Coimbatore and the population was 38.4 million. The Vijaynagari military was modernised, standing at roughly 120,000 with 15% of the national navy harboured at Vijaynagari ports. In the economic sector, rice played the role as a major food crop to be exported. However, other important crops such as tea, sugar cane, mango and tobacco maintained a major presence in Vijaynagars exports as well. About the same time, the Vijaynagari fishery and leather industries were of significant importance as well.
 * Indian Overseas Territories: Aceh, Mauritius, Tromelin and Reunion
 * Ruthenia: The Ruthenians continue to expand industry as a way to repair the economy after the end of the war. More and more people move to the city from the country in pursuit of jobs.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo, Ulsan, and the coastal cities and coastal towns of Southern Gyeongsang Province. Mahayana Tao-Shintoism also continues to grow, and begins gaining followers from the areas where Shinto is growing, with some Shintoists switching to Mahayana Tao-Shintoism. The military in the colony of Haejagang (해자강) continues to be on high alert and continues to heavily patrol the Korean settlements. Meanwhile, industrialisation and modernisation continues in Korea (similar to OTL Japan's Meiji Restoration). Monarch Hyomyeong continues investing in technology and science.
 * Romania: In Moldavia and Dobruja, we begin agricultural industrialisation. We build more factories in our nation. More collectivisation occurs. Tractors begin to be used in farms. With out rapid pace of agricultural industrialization, our agricultural production has been increasing at unforeseen rates and as a result, our population is now growing at 3% per year.
 * Romanian Dip: We ask for technological support from Communist nations.
 * Borealia_Flag_2.pngUnion of Borealia: Both the economy and military improve across all the provinces of the Union. The thriving industries now run entirely on petroleum, procured from the oil collected from Alaska and California. While the traditional hearts of each city, particularly New Vienna, continue to reflect the same idyllic Baroque style, newer expansions to these urban centers are packed with factories and other industrial equipment. Cities recently built in southern California and northern Alaska are much more developed, as some parts of the Kiatagmiut province are almost unrecognizable. The economy of the Union stems from the exportation of natural resources. San Francisco and Mamterlliq continue to be the main centers of the gold trade, while oil wells begin to speckle the coastal range of California. More oil wells are built in Upper Alaska, bringing entrepreneurs to that region. Large monopolies on lumber and animal products are also prevalent in Santiago and Pannenstiel. All of these businesses are connected with diesel trains that span the continent. As the various earlier philosophies continue to grow and factionalize, these turn into competing ideas that promote further progression and ingenuity from the younger generation. More films are made this year, rivaling radio entertainment. New Munich becomes the first city partially run on electrical power, and now light bulbs begin replacing gas lamps. As scientists explore mechanisms at smaller levels, it is theorized that all matter behaves like a particle and wave. Machine guns continue to improve with Andean supplies. X-rays are being used to interpret internal injuries. Submarines begin to be built for the purpose of breaking through northern ice caps. We continue to uphold the New Munich Declaration along with Algonquia, Reme, Mexaca, and Arcadia. An organization for promoting peace in the Pacific is established, whose members currently include Korea, China and Ayutthaya.  As more industrial goods continue to pour in from Reme, Borealian entrepreneurs begin selling more oil, gold, lumber, and livestock to the East Coast. The Curia announces the creation of a World's Fair Exhibition scheduled for 1900, to complement the New Munich Olympics the same year, inventors from all over world are invited to showcase their innovations while the Olympics take place. Industrial goods are sent to Brazil and China to improve their respective economies. Support continues to be given to the Republican rebels in China. San Francisco continues to improve earthquake-proofing technology. Having been sent back to the German embassy in New Vienna, the ministers are welcome to return to San Diego when they are willing to propose a more reasonable compromise. 
 * The State of Australia: The ports continue to be expanded and the new city of Dandiri is built on the Pacific Coast. As more businesses are taken up by Muslim natives, the German colonists begin migrating to the new communities farther inland. Schools and media centers are established that teach Borealianist philosophy along with essential education. An irrigation program continues to be designed, with the hopes of aiding settlements in the outback. Supplies and engineers are continually sent to the Timor Sultanate to improve their industry.
 * The Borealian Maritime Territory: Naval bases continue being built to enforce claims on several islands (from OTL Palau to Fiji). A major naval base is constructed on the Island of Midway in the Republic of Hawaii. Another major naval base is constructed in Fiji to complement the base in Midway. As trade in the Pacific grows, the Borealian navy establishes control over Hupuku Island (OTL Campbell Island) and begins exploring more of Western Antarctica. Plans begin to be made to establish a temporary base on the Western Peninsula (OTL Palmer Land). 
 * Colony of Kinshasa: A slow stream of people seeking work and adventure continues to arrive at the African Territory. Houses continue to be built, but the vast majority of people working at the local mining business originate from local African villages.
 * In Silesia, the Ban continues in his struggle for reform with the Sabor. Meanwhile, the advances of East Czechia calm fears of mass Communist unrest as the discussion of next year's elections begin to come forward. The Liberals once again argue for inclusion, but the Republicans (many of whom have adopted Transitional Communism) stand to gain the most from banning the party again and the Conservatives agree. Therefore, the Communists are again banned. The economy continues to grow, as does the workers movement. In his final hurrah, Wikóz agrees to legalize unions alongside Liberal support.
 * Lombardy: The king ask the Roman Empire for an alliance. Our military is continuing to increae due to tensions rising in Europe. Factories mostly make weapons for our military. With the increase of factories in the nation, more jobs are being made. The employment rate has increased in the nation. Both men and women can get equal jobs. Agriculture is our second best industry in the nation. The railway industry is continuing to work on improving the tracks. Our capital city is one of the few cities to fully runs on electricity. Many more radio stations pop up in the nation. Theaters showing films become popular. Doctors are now using X-rays to see the inside of people. Trade goes well with the Roman Empire. Our population is inseasing at a 5% per year.


 * ​ So much wrong with this post. So much wrong. Population can not grow that fast. If it did, you would have a nation that is one-third ten-year olds after ten years. Electricity did not catch on that fast. Men and women didn't have equal rights in even the most liberal of nations.
 * Andea: The Nation of Andea rapidly expands its industry, with a growing call for labour rights. The average yearly wage increases to 550 reals, and for the first time the government set a yearly minum wage of 300 reals per year (for adults working full time jobs). The cost of living remains low, at roughly 1000 reals, with some areas having as low as 670 reals and as high as 8000 reals. City living becomes more popular, as more jobs emerge in the industrial sector of the economy. The cities of Chiribaya-Cuzco, Peru and Nazca all have populations Greater than one million. Cuzco Now has a population greater than two million. New Burgandy also grows to a population of 600,000. The military stands at 550,000 men, with service remaining compulsory. Population continues to grow steadily, with the population standing at 50.1 Million and rising steadly. The Telephone/Communications industry continues to grow under a few large monopolies. This industry trend is not unique to, but most notable in the Communications Industry. The Hesperia First Party continues to gain political steam, while the Nationals and Republicans lose more and more power. The Republican Party wins the presidency and the Upper House of the Senate. The Communist and Socalist parties also see significant gains, gaining one seat each. The Hesperia First party gains 18 seats, and the Nationals lose 33 seats. The Navy expands rapidly, with the introduction of Armored Cruisers and Greek fire. The Army also expands, with the adoption of the Galvin 2, an improved version of the Galvin Repeater. A new rifle, the Grant-Ramon Rifle, is adopted into the Andean military. Census results, combined with government estimates, place the number Andeans (Quechua, Mapuche or Mestizo) at 63% of the nations population, with the next largest group being Spanish (13%), French (9%), German (6%), East Asian (5%), and other (4%). Census results find that the fastest growing ethnic group is East Asian.  Andea becomes drawn to the idea of constructing a canal in the Panamanian Ithmus, and request co-operation with Emeraldie on the Project. 
 * Osea Confederation: This year, in Osea, the Republics vote on the issue of Union with Andea. After much diliberation, the decision is made to join Andea, winning 398 to 197 in the Grand Congress. Each Republic will be converted to a state, and maintain most of the existing government. Population stands at 13 million.
 * Protectorate of Cape Ferdinand: The Protectorate, now free of the Dutch, begins an expansion of its navy and military. An Andean garrison of 35,000 men is stationed in the territory, with an additional 5000 local troops. The territory remains a critical location for travel. Population stands at 105,000. An additional force of 50,000 men is stationed in the territory.
 * Protectorate of Cape Ferdinand: The Protectorate, now free of the Dutch, begins an expansion of its navy and military. An Andean garrison of 35,000 men is stationed in the territory, with an additional 5000 local troops. The territory remains a critical location for travel. Population stands at 105,000. An additional force of 50,000 men is stationed in the territory.

The Caliphate: Improves both the infrastructure and economy aross the realm. With the arrival of two twin sons, the younger, named Abu Bakr, will rule over the Caliphate, the older, Abd al-Hamid, will rule over the Indian Empire. Reciving westernization efforts from th e Roman Empire, the Caliphate under Caliph Hakeem bin Malik, begins a drastic westernization effort. Facing opposition from political enimies and risk of revolt, the Caliph incorporates the "Shura", the equivilent of Western Parliaments, into the Caliphate. With almost identical system to the Roman Empire, the implementation of the Shura was a display of Westernization wthin the Caliphate. With the deluge of the Tartary, we begin to promote the idea of a pan-Islamic State, espcially with the same house of the Caliphate also ruling over the the Indian Empire. The Caliphate encourages five main regions for population growth: Central Tigris-Euphrates Basin, for Muslims only, Mecca and Medina, around the Aral Sea, and Central-Southern Persia. With the signing of pact, uniting India, the Caliphate, and Japan, eventually, other nations, we attempt to find new resources to exploit with the arrival of westernization, making a profitable business. We also begin to incorporate Somalia directly into the Caliphate, trying to get rid of the idea that they are a colony of the Caliphate. Caliph Hakeem completely renovates the provincial system, the new one being extremely based on culture and ethnicity, so persons are able to feel represented by their own people. With recent urbanization, we also promote population growth in places such as Sana'a, Aden and Muscat. We donate a moderate sum of our income to the maintainence and improvement of our two Holy Cities, Medina and Mecca. Trying to find a new city on the Southern Persian gulf, we drastically improve the small town of Dubai, hoping to make it a major trading hub. We begin to improve relations with both the Roman Empire, Ethiopia and Afghanistan. We progressively convert the people in Iran and Oman to Sunni Islam, bribing local heretical religious leaders. '''We propose a trade deal with the Andeans. [Inf/Eco]'''
 * Morocco: The Sultanate of Morocco continues to improve its economy, infrastructure and build up its military, mainly the army and navy. Morocco continues to westernize the nation and the population continues to grow by adding 300,000 people every year. The population of Morocco now stands at 10.3 million people, while the number of military troops stands at 92,000 soldiers. Number of ships active in Moroccan Navy stands at 40 ironclad ships and 14 frigates. The nation expands by 1000 px per year to keep it stronger and independent, with a few new cities are built, roads and railroads are built between old and new cities. Fewer schools, museums, colleges and more houses and mining planets are built. The mining plants produces materials coal, iron and now gold and copper, which later used as products from industries. Industry continues improving and few factories are built along in cities, creating jobs for people of Morocco. A few docks and mosques are built. Artillery become more widely used in combat and some industries continues building a series of wartime artillery, which later added it to Moroccan Armed Forces. Meanwhile, few new trains are produced and one new railway line are opened in service. Sultan Abdelaziz continues to plan new reforms for Morocco and continues investing heavily in technology and science. Morocco continue improving relations with Roman Empire and France to seek friendly alliances in future. Morocco continues to claim northern parts of UGK West Africa from United German Kingdoms, which later on in future they join Morocco. Thanks to Borealian inventors for its book How to Produce a Film, the second silent film with title X-Ray inside Stomachs, is produced and released on 5 April 1899. As modern inventors grow to become popular, Doctors now for first time using X-rays in hospital and first electricity ran on one street by newly-built Coal Power Plant. Both are located in Morocco's largest city, Casablanca. In political news, Morocco officially prepares for entrance into all Olympic Games after 1900 and beyond.
 * Algonquia: Continues to observe the San Diego negotiations with some concern about the lack of room for compromise.The military expands its active force, and the rearmament with the new breechloading steel artillery and Uzvards guns is complete. Meanwhile, both battleships have been launched, and minelayers carry out exercises in preparation for blocking the St Lawrence estuary if ever necessary. Industrialization continues, increasing per capita wealth, while worker's co-operatives become ever more popular. Factory owners grumble at this, many urging the government to repeal work protection laws. Meanwhile, Beothuk from the recently returned territory in Neu Juist return with alarming news - the Oldenburg government seemingly fails to even recognize that they exist. The Beothuk are increasingly angered by the lack of Oldenburger recognition of their valid concerns. Nobawsit, the Beothuk leader, meets with the High Sachem in February, and the government promises him support as he proclaims the Beothuk Nationalist Front, setting up camps across the border from Neu Juist. Beothuk and Innu from the Oldenburger colonies flock to the camps, where they receive training and arms.
 * I'd recommend you look at my last two posts, I created an Autonomous Beothuk Region and tabled a bill to set aside seats in the parliament for Beothuk. I would suggest that is the exact opposite of a "lack of Oldenburger recognition of their valid concerns". Callumthered (talk) 01:59, June 16, 2015 (UTC)
 * Sahtudene: Expands the max amount east, as does Kitlineq. 
 * Lukaian: Continues to grow cash crops for the Algonquian market, while the local military grows slightly.
 * Independent State of China: The Chinese Coalition officially surrenders after a series of failed battles with few successes. The Communists and Democrats sign the treaty for the breakup of China, also known as the Treaty of Beijing, and seperate into the PRC and ROC. The Chinese economy immediately begins to recover, as well as the Japanese one. Meanwhile, the PRC ask for an alliance with the Communist nations. The Breakup of China is expect to occur next year, giving the Coalition time to prepare.
 * Perhaps I should clear this out to you, but as of right now, you control only Sichuan. Hence, there is no PRC and ROC unless you plan on further dividing the territory you have into Communist and Republic halves.
 * Per Rimp, also the immediate recovery of the Chinese economy is implausible, considering China suffered from both a war with Japan and Korea and a Civil War. Economic recovery is possible, however, but it will be gradual recovery. -KawaiiKame
 * Emeraldie: New construction starts on the nation's ports, farms and mines to increase the nation's exports and economic strength. The government enacts major overhauls to the nations military, particularly its navy, part of which includes the construction of several modern ironclads and three armoured cruisers. The land forces is reorganised to include 90,000 men, with 70,000 in reserve. Vast industrial expansion occurs in the region following years of government encouragement and subsidies, to match this, the government begins to build the transnational railway which will connect all major cities and existing railways in the nation. We expand 800 px into the continent's interior.
 * Emeraldie Pacific Territories: The more colonists and missionaries arrive in the region after the Emeraldian government portrays the territories as a lush tropical paradise. The South Pacific station is expanded with new modern ships. The territory government is granted the ability to control a small armed force to maintain peace in the region and protect from native aggression, its current numbers are around 2700 men.
 * Emeraldie Dip: We agree with Andea's efforts to create a canal in Panama. We offer to split the income the canal would receive 60-40 (in Andea's favour).
 * Andea is willing to split the income 50-50 with Emeralide.
 * Emeraldie accepts.


 * Roman Empire: The Empire is now at a period of peace and prosperity after a long period of war and uncertainty. Roman trade routes stretch across most of the world in the pursuit of wealth and trade goods and Roman military might remains a powerful force in Europe and other parts of the world. The Roman central government does what it can to address all of the issues of the various archonates within the Empire and ensure that their needs are met even as they help instill strength in the central government. Railroads are constructed around the nation to help connect the Empire and its peoples and steamships are used for much the same purpose on water. To further strengthen its position in Africa, the Roman government begins to make official claims in the Saharan desert north of Egypt's southern border. However, some in the Empire scoff at this, suggesting that the Empire is wasting its time claiming barren land and should focus on more resourceful areas of Africa, Asia or Europe. As European interest in Africa begins to heat up, Roman officials begin exploring possible resources or benefits from extended interaction with Madagascar, and trade and diplomats are directed there to assess the situation. Trade also expands with Hawaii, which becomes an impressive conduit of trade for Roman merchants and businesses. As such, the Empire takes an interest in Hawaii, but rather than try to annex it, as it is too far from Roman authority to do so, Roman officials instead would like to see a strong and friendly Hawaii. Weapons and officers are sent to Hawaii to help train their soldiers and protect their independence. The Roman Empire responds to the increased activity of Communist insurgency in other nations in Europe by adopting a more aggressive stance. Troops are sent to Gothia and Ruthenia to protect against potential Communist aggression from the north, and the Roman Empire begins making overtures towards Croatia, Transylvania and Vlachia to prepare their defences. The Roman Empire also deploys more troops to Italy to present a clear vanguard against potential aggression from Communist France or Lombardy, which is seen as soon falling to Communists while the Roman Empire is forbidden by treaty to intervene. The Roman Empire is concerned with the fall of the Tartary to the Communist hordes, and is particularly concerned that the Caliphate has aligned itself towards the hordes. Fears of being surrounded soon start to build up in the Roman government, and as a result the Roman government does what it can to help shore up its defenses both physical and diplomatic. The Roman Empire expands trade, industry, and military training to members of the Holy League, hoping to create and re-inforce a stable and strong military alliance in the Empire's sphere of influence. The Roman Empire is forced to take drastic measures in recent years, as the expansion of Communism is considered unacceptable. Roman officials draft and generally pass Plan East, which calls for strengthening the Roman Empire's allies in the Holy League so they can protect the Roman Empire's flank while the Roman Empire concentrates on a potential eastern front. Military officers and engineers travel to Armenia, Georgia, Assyria, and Transylvania to train and improve those countries in all matters martial and industrial. The same goes for the Caliphate, hoping that the Caliphate would provide the crucial link in the chain for eastern defense. To further update the Empire's strength, the Roman Empire militarizes, and the Senate mandates that the Roman military be at a total size of 850,000 in peacetime and that a million man army must be able to be mobilized within a few weeks. Threats of Communism in Lombardy are too large to be ignored, so Roman forces militarize in Italy and pledge that no former treaty will hold Roman forces back if Lombardy becomes a clear threat. Remnants of the Vlachian government flee to the Roman Empire or Transylvania and call for intervention in Vlachia. Roman and Vlachian forces move in, securing the southern part of the country and stopping at the Wallachian-Moldavian border, as per the compromise between the Communists and Monarchists. Support for the true Vlachian government rises, and the Roman Empire provides the southern government the resources it needs to get itself back on its feet. Influence and ties with Armenia increase, to the point where possible unification is close and discussed by many on both sides. A formal invitation to the Empire is offered to the Armenian government. (Mod Response, Please.)
 * Agreed.
 * Tatar Empire:  The fall of the Tartary is a huge surprise, and many officials fled to Roman lands. However, the Roman Empire was able to set up a puppet government claiming legitimacy from the remnants of the Tartary. The Tatar royal family is installed as the leaders of this puppet state, with much of the government based on that of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire does what it can to industrialize and modernize the puppet state, which effectively only controls the Black Sea coast. Effort is put entirely into the army, as there is no power that can challenge the might of the Roman navy in the Black Sea. Demoralized remnants of the Tartar Army along with volunteers are trained by Roman officers to help get the state back on its feet.
 * Reme: Reme begins to build up its military and economy. Reme elects a new president and starts to build up its navy. Meanwhile, trade is improved on, with industrialization, mainly former Byzantine areas slowly being introduced to populous areas. Lumber, cash crops, and other goods become a major export of Reme, and starts getting Reme a jump-start into the European economy. There is also the creation of New navy ships, to help modernize the Reman navy. Reme continues its current expansion into the native dark-grey clusterfuck, expanding another 150 pixels into it. Coal mines are built, and starts churning out coal at a consistent rate. Coal mining plants are also started to be upgraded. Reme also starts very slowly changing its focus to industrial things, with a nation wide railroad being considered to be built. Industrialization of river areas continue, as well as the production of textiles to cheaper the price of Reman cotton. Meanwhile, a Socialist-based party starts to gain seats in parliament, with plans to make Reme a more self-sufficient state. People are getting anxious over the threat of Communism to Reme, and vote on the crackdown of Communist sympathizers and their families. The Reman government is pleased that Pearl River has voted to join the Empire, and promises that their rights and property will be maintained. The Reman military is improved a bit in an effort to hold up its part of the Fraternal Alliance. The Franqi brothers begin experimenting with the idea of heavier-than-air flight, but the task is daunting and will take some time to perfect a flying device. They manage to create a working model which flies for several seconds. However, it isn't impressive enough and they continue their work.
 * Protectorate of Wolof: Wolof begins to build up its military and economy. Reman food and supplies come in to help the formerly starving nation, as well as the Reman military to help sustain order. Some representation is given in the Reman Parliament, to give Wolof a minimal say in how Reme should be run. Meanwhile, plans to industrialize the coastal areas as well as plans for fortifications are presented, and are started to be worked on.I
 * Imperial Japan: We prepare for the implementation of the Treaty of Beijing next year as well as preparing for the the Olympic games in New Munich and the World's Fair in New Munich. We declare peace in the First Sino-Japanese War and invest in reguvinating our economy, we shall give the various governments of China two years, until 1900, to reform under the Treaty of Beijing. Econ mil/turn. celebrate 20 years of the Emperor's rule. With the immensevictory against the Chinese Coalition of Beijing we declare victory in the First Sino-Japanese War and enter diplomatic mode by making the Treaty of Beijing. We thus enter into peace mode and begin economic recovery by investing in the economy, using the money from the buildup up of industry. We also invest in maintaining the military. The   wrath of Imperial Japan is upon the Shun Dynasty as our heroic and honorable soldiers fought along side our allies the Koreans and we have successfully invaded their Imperial capital of Beijing and toppled the Shun Dynasty, gaining control of Northern China, and it was a glorious victory among the Japanese and Korean peoples. However, our victory was met with opposition against the newly formed Chinese Coalition which went to Counter-Invade Beijing and retake it for the Chinese. However, the Japanese and Korean alliance fought vehemently against their enemies and stood their ground, with the invading force having 600,000 men versus the defending force of 500,000 and Beijing has been successfully defended. It was defended so well that the Anti-Japanese Chinese Coalition retreated, resulting in the Japanese-Korean alliance gaining 2% of their territory. The First Sino-Japanese War has made heroes out of both the Japanese soldiers and the Korean soldiers and Emperor Yamamoto Raijingusan personally bestows them with the highest honors. "Our enemies our no more, for the dishonorable Shun Dynasty has been crushed in battle, and we replaced them with our honorable rule with the help of our allies the Koreans. The Chinese Coalition then tried to retake Beijing, but failed, for we have fought with honor and courage, and now Beijing, the capital of China, is ours, for the Mandate of Heaven is upon us." -Emperor Yamamoto Rajingsuan Genryuusai. Meanwhile, two books are published, On The Japanese Invasion of Beijing and on the Japanese Defense of Beijing. Meanwhile, the homeland, there is a surge of nationalism as we have succeeded in our first major war and industrialization expands as a result of the war and increased nationalism We continue to train soldiers just in case we need more and we also prepare to enter diplomacy if need be. The Emperor is outraged and infuriated with the Shun Dynasty, with his rage personally kindled against the new Emperor of China, for the New Emperor of China has not only declared war on Imperial Japan, but also invaded our allies, and worse off, their allies, the Empire of Korea, all because Imperial Japan “insulted” them. Not only was the New Emperor of China both a fool for going against the strongest nation in Asia (Japan), and a dishonorable backstabber for invading his former allies of Korea, but also is inept and incompetent, for he lead his own nation, the once great Shun Dynasty, to collapse into anarchy and civil war for the petty reason of feeling “insulted”. The Emperor of Japan has no remorse for this poor excuse of a leader, and states that all the events that happened this year are proof of all the insults. “The Emperor of China neither desires pity nor mercy” Since the Emperor of China caused disorder to his own nation,  in order to restore order in China we are forced to declare war on the Shun Dynasty. The Emperor’s of China betrayal of Korea and  the new Emperor of China is made public throughout Japan and we mobilize a force of 250,000 men for the initial invasion of Shun China, with a reserve force of 50,000. The invasion is launched from the Sino-Korean border and the invasion plan is to cross the Sino-Korean border and advance to Beijing, the capital of Shun China. The invading army is helped with the publication of the books on the Hamburgian War, the Tartary War, The Dutch War, and the Chinese Invasion of Korea (two of these are published this year.) as well as a surge of nationalism. All the nations industry is dedicated to this war and as a result the nations military expands. We cease military operations in the Dutch East Indies as we enter diplomatic mode and our troops return as heroes. Mil/Infra turn.
 * Japanese Manchuria: In order to fuel our modernization of the mainland, mines are built on a massive scale in Japanese Manchuria as well as farms to grow food for the mainland. We encourage young Japanese males to immigrate to the sparsely populated Manchuria to build it up and we reward them large plots of land. Ports are also built up as well as railroads to link the mining and farming. Factories also pop up as well as schools and hospitals. We heavily invest in industrializing Japanese Manchuria. Econ/mil turn. Industry is dedicated to the war


 * Japanese Formosa: We invest in Formosa by implementing a massive railroad construction program as well as port construction to further the transportation of Formosa. We implement a program of both industry and agriculture in Formosa, with the industry being for Japan and the agriculture being for Formosa. We also make massive public education reform in Formosa. Industry also speeds up as a result of the wartime economy. Econ/mil turn. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Shanghai: We industrialize Shanghai and upgrade its port and infrastructure, including education. We have Shanghai specialize in shipbuilding and trading, making it a hub for trade in East Asia. We rapidly increase port building to make this city a hub for trade.
 * Northern Philippines: We welcome the former French Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war
 * Southern Philippines: We welcome the former Hamburgian Philippines into our empire and we begin expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, etc. We also expand our economy. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Siberia: We welcome the former Tartary territory into our empire and we begin an extensive program to rebuild the area after the war by expanding its infrastructure and industry by constructing railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. We also expan the economy of the area. Industry is dedicated to the war.
 * Japanese Northern China: With the heroic conquest and defense of Beijing we claim the Japanese Empire as the next dynasty of China, however de facto we only control Northern China, and we do not even have full control over the territory. In order to establish control, the Emperor's son, Waizu, ascends to become Emperor Waizu and declares himself to be the direct successor of Xu Fu. In order to gain more followers, Emperor Waizu embraces modernization and begins developing Northern Chinese infrastcuture by building railroads, bridges, schools, hospitals, ports, and factories. There is also a standing army formed at Beijing that is being trained to maintain order throughout Northern China.
 * In Spain, the nation continues to prosper as a center of the arts and learning. The construction of new buildings, roads and other infrastructure continues. Spanish merchants and emissaries continue to sail around the world to expand the reach of Spain in terms of wealth and diplomatic connections. Spain also becomes a place where artists and intellectual minds meet and do things. It is cool. Due to the burgeoning growth of the economy, new jobs created in the five major cities led to more people moving to the cities. The buildings rise higher and the trains run faster, especially in the major cities such as Zaragoza, Barcelona and Madrid. Cars and railways and all sorts of cool modern stuff. Spain continues to lay claim to Antarctica and continues to push for the completion of the Trans-European rail link from Zaragoza to Paris to Marystadt so that the eastern part (Poland-Rome/Pskov) and the western part (Lisbon-Zaragoza). The construction of ships and weaponry continues. Aragon takes all the people from Edgistan. Boats and guns. Spain begins to commission destroyers and increases the number of battle ready battleships in the Royal Armada. More artillery stuff. Tragedy strikes Spain when Prince Tomas and his wife Princess Marta are shot down in the streets of Madrid by a gunman, leaving behind their son Bruno, the only heir to the Duke of Valencia. The Spanish government condemns the Communists. Spain continues to seek out dissenters in Communist France to weaken the French government's strength. Spain proposes the formation of an anti-Communist league. Spain also seeks the return of Gibraltar and Ceuta from Croatia. The Spanish colony of West Africa expands 8000 px north. #NoMoreWikiaChanges
 * ​Algeria: Expands 5000 sq km south as part of the nationalistic campaign to become a great nation on the African continent. Military technology is brought in from Spain, as well as other things. Prime Minister Moulin continues to push his vigorous economic reform ideals to great success. He is celebrated as a visionary thinker for the new century, although many of his right wing critics believe he is spending too much money. Many predict that Algeria may face a budget crisis in the near future.
 * Singapore: Singapore also begins to develop naval technology to protect its economic interests with the aid of Spain. Singapore also greatly benefits from the newly re-invigorated trade in the region. Singapore builds new infrastructure with its wealth and the General-Secretary's five-year growth plan continues. In contrast to Algeria, Sinagpore is generating wealth and its economy remains in a good state as Singapore begins to return to promise as a great economic hub of the east.
 * In the Grand Union (Pskov), the GDP rises along with average wages. The Inter-Republic Road network is expanded. The Science and technology aspect of Pskov is not overlooked either. As prosperity in the nation increases, the amount of money and new people investing in institutions of higher learning. As such, the various schools that existed in Nizhegorodsk-Na-Narve unite and form the "University of Nizhegorodsk", beginning a rivalry between it and Pskov. The idea of currency reform, to reform it to a decimal system is put out, in order to simplify much trade (even though it is already simple enough with multiples of 20). Zlatobrezhie becomes wealthier and wealthier as more people get used to over one hundred years of Pskovian governance. The Uzvards-Glinka Firearms Co. expands as more government contracts are heading their way for the production of the GUA-91 machine gun to replace older Uzvards models.Many more Einzbern model-93s are produced for the armed forces in industrial plants. More electric power stations are built as cities are electrified. Einzbern makes a new model of bolt-action rifle that is slightly more reliable, and is named the model-96, and made for sharpshooter divisions. Some even try to attatck spyglasses, called "scopes" for increased range. These Units begin to be known as "sniper" units. The Conservatives set up another "International Slavic Congress", and invites representatives from all slavic nations to join a celebration of traditions that unite all slavs in Pskov. The Grand Union looks to the east with despair. The Grand Union sends agents into Russia for the smuggling of human refugees fleeing the "red terror", and for funding militant organizations in Poland secretly (oi, Will, you do it to me first). Fortifications are built along the demilitarized zone, and some schools begin to "black out" captured areas on maps, calling them the "occupied territories". The border with Russia and Poland are strengthened along the demilitarized zone, which is quickly becoming, quite ironically, one of the most militarized zones in the world (due to lots of "you put one unit, I put two" mentality on both sides). The Jacobeit Airship Co. continues to construct new and improved airship models. Leibnitz and AVA continue their rivalry, while the motorcycle becomes a bit more popular. More money is invested into reaserch grants, and many people continue experimenting (with much failure, may I add) in attempting to create heavier-than-air flying machines powered by aerodynamic lift. Kadinsky founds the Kadinsky Aeronautics Co. in an attempt to secure more funding. He does, and begins testing various designs in a wind tunnel late this year. Disputes about trade unions erupt once more in the General Assembly, with the Opposition banding together to vote of no confidence. The motion fails, but barely, with only six more nays than ayes. This is of no consequence, as the government's mandate ends next year. Meanwhile, the Pskov City Veche announces plans to celebrate the new century by opening an underground railroad in the city, a fully-electrified subway, if you will. Meanwhile, more AC generators are built and more cities are electrified across the union.
 * In the Grand Union (Pskov), the GDP rises along with average wages. The Inter-Republic Road network is expanded. The Science and technology aspect of Pskov is not overlooked either. As prosperity in the nation increases, the amount of money and new people investing in institutions of higher learning. As such, the various schools that existed in Nizhegorodsk-Na-Narve unite and form the "University of Nizhegorodsk", beginning a rivalry between it and Pskov. The idea of currency reform, to reform it to a decimal system is put out, in order to simplify much trade (even though it is already simple enough with multiples of 20). Zlatobrezhie becomes wealthier and wealthier as more people get used to over one hundred years of Pskovian governance. The Uzvards-Glinka Firearms Co. expands as more government contracts are heading their way for the production of the GUA-91 machine gun to replace older Uzvards models.Many more Einzbern model-93s are produced for the armed forces in industrial plants. More electric power stations are built as cities are electrified. Einzbern makes a new model of bolt-action rifle that is slightly more reliable, and is named the model-96, and made for sharpshooter divisions. Some even try to attatck spyglasses, called "scopes" for increased range. These Units begin to be known as "sniper" units. The Conservatives set up another "International Slavic Congress", and invites representatives from all slavic nations to join a celebration of traditions that unite all slavs in Pskov. The Grand Union looks to the east with despair. The Grand Union sends agents into Russia for the smuggling of human refugees fleeing the "red terror", and for funding militant organizations in Poland secretly (oi, Will, you do it to me first). Fortifications are built along the demilitarized zone, and some schools begin to "black out" captured areas on maps, calling them the "occupied territories". The border with Russia and Poland are strengthened along the demilitarized zone, which is quickly becoming, quite ironically, one of the most militarized zones in the world (due to lots of "you put one unit, I put two" mentality on both sides). The Jacobeit Airship Co. continues to construct new and improved airship models. Leibnitz and AVA continue their rivalry, while the motorcycle becomes a bit more popular. More money is invested into reaserch grants, and many people continue experimenting (with much failure, may I add) in attempting to create heavier-than-air flying machines powered by aerodynamic lift. Kadinsky founds the Kadinsky Aeronautics Co. in an attempt to secure more funding. He does, and begins testing various designs in a wind tunnel late this year. Disputes about trade unions erupt once more in the General Assembly, with the Opposition banding together to vote of no confidence. The motion fails, but barely, with only six more nays than ayes. This is of no consequence, as the government's mandate ends next year. Meanwhile, the Pskov City Veche announces plans to celebrate the new century by opening an underground railroad in the city, a fully-electrified subway, if you will. Meanwhile, more AC generators are built and more cities are electrified across the union.