Second Crusade (Ard Marjhoola)

The Second Crusade was a conflict between Christian forces led by the Papal States against the Abbasid Caliphate's advances against the Byzantine Empire. The Fatimid Caliphate was also subjected to a degree of attacks, although did not fight alongside the Abbasids. The Crusade started in 1027 and continued until 1053 over a series of Popes beginning with Pope John XIX.

The Crusade went through two periods of particular activity, slowing down somewhat by the election of Pope Benedict IX in 1032. By Pope Sylvester III's election the conflict had peaked again, and ended during his reign.