Scandinavia (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)

The United Kingdom of Scandinavia (Danish: Forenede Kongerige Skandinavien; Norwegian: Forente kongeriket Skandinavia; Swedish: Förenade konungariket Skandinavien), commonly called as the Scandinavian Union (Danish: Skandinavisk Unionen), or simply just as Scandinavia (Danish: Skandinavien), is a sovereign state that includes of the Jutland Peninsula, the Danish Archipelago, and the Scandinavian Peninsula located in Northern Europe and the island of Greenland in Northern America.

Scandinavia is a parliamentary constitutional monarchy that consists of three constituent polities: Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Greenland and Faroe Island. Scandinavia is an unitary state, with powers to manage internal affairs being devolved from the central government to the constituent polities. Country of Denmark bordered with Germany to the south while country of Sweden bordered with Russia to the northeast and Finland to the east. Country of Greenland in Arctic Archipelago which physiographically being a part of the continent of North America is has a maritime borders with Canada, making Scandinavia as one of largest transcontinental countries in the world.

History
In 1397, Denmark entered into a personal union with Norway and Sweden, united under Queen Margaret I. The three countries were to be treated as equals in the union. However, even from the start Margaret may not have been so idealistic—treating Denmark as the clear "senior" partner of the union. Thus, much of the next 125 years of Scandinavian history revolves around this union, with Sweden breaking off and being re-conquered repeatedly until the Swedish King, Gustav Vasa, conquered the city of Stockholm on 17 June 1523.

The Protestant Reformation came to Scandinavia in the 1530s, and following the Count's Feud civil war, Denmark converted to Lutheranism in 1536. Later that year, Denmark entered into a union with Norway.

After Sweden permanently broke away from the Kalmar Union in 1523, Denmark tried on two occasions to reassert control over Sweden. The first was in the Northern Seven Years War which lasted from 1563 until 1570. The second occasion was the Kalmar War when King Christian IV attacked Sweden in 1611 but failed to accomplish his main objective of forcing Sweden to return to the union with Denmark. The war led to no territorial changes, but Sweden was forced to pay a war indemnity of 1 million silver riksdaler to Denmark, an amount known as the Älvsborg ransom.

Frederick IV became King of Denmark-Norway in 1808 and King of Sweden in 1809 that brought three countries again into a personal union. Following the Danish-British Gunboat War, Denmark-Norway went bankrupt and the Danish-Norwegian union was dissolved by the Treaty of Kiel in 1814. Norway gained its independence and the heir presumptive of the kingdoms of Denmark and Norway, Christian Frederick, elected as the King of Norway.

Christian Frederick assumed the Danish throne in 1839 and become Christian VIII. Denmark, Norway and Sweden once again been put into a personal union under the Danish throne. After the Second War of Schleswig in 1864, Denmark was forced to cede Schleswig and Holstein to Prussia. The Danish defeat triggered a movement to unite three kingdoms into one unified kingdom that would providing a common defence between the Scandinavian countries against rising German Confederation in the south and Russian Empire in the east.

In 1865, Denmark, Sweden and Norway signed a Treaty of Union that formed a single, unified kingdom called the United Kingdom of Scandinavia with Frederick VII being coronated as the King of the Scandinavians.