New Granada (Principia Moderni IV Map Game)

The Kingdom of New Granada (Portuguese: Reino da Nova Granada) is a northern Laurentian nation, bordered to the north by Aztlan, Burgundian Laurentia to the east, Brésil to the southeast, and French Peru to the southwest.

The nation's history dates back to the pre-colonial period Having only recently gained independence in 1823, New Granada is led by King Miguel I Braganza, the youngest son of the last king of Iberia.

Pre-Colonial Period
Caverna tribes (OTL Cueva tribe) to the northern region

Colonial Period
1521 -  João Balboa, sent by Portugal's King Manuel to explore the New World; arrives in OTL Panama

1523 - Portuguese claims to OTL Panama established

1526 - Nova Lusitânia chartered; Portuguese Crown Merchant Company established

1529 - Immaculata from the Papal States arrive in Balboa Rocha, the capital of the colony

1532 - Edital de cana de açúcar, or The Sugar Cane Act, offers plots of land for cultivation of the sugar cane

1549 - Church of São Pedro completed, establishing second chartered city (after Balboa Rocha)

1556 - Raised from Apostolic Prefecture to Diocese of São Pedro

1577 - 1,000 Burgundian men attack Nova Lusitânia repelled by 9,000 Portuguese troops

1581 - Influx of Sevillian Christians

Subsequent era of benign neglect and notable expansion

1651 - Alongside other New World colonies, placed under a Viceroy

1653 - Revolt of Aquiminzaque, Maipure-Muisca Confederation

RULERS

Manuel I - 1521-1567

Sancho - 1567 - 1587

Henry II - 1587 -

Panama Wars
First Panama War (1804)

Second Panama War (1816)

1821 - Appointment of Atílio Duarte de Alcantara as Governor of Gran Panama

Third Panama War (1823-1825); Treaty of Guadalajara ended Third Panama War in 1825

Teobaldo Candezón, the marshal

Independent Kingdom
1827 - Ratification of Constitution

1830 - First election

1832 - Second election

1837 - Third election

1842 - Fourth election

1844 - Fifth election

1849 - Sixth election

1850 - Seventh election

1852 - Death of Miguel I, ascension of Tomás

1855 - Eighth election/constitutional reform

1860 - Ninth election

1865 - Tenth election

1870 - Eleventh election

Government
The Kingdom of New Granada is a constitutional monarchy, instituted by King Miguel and largely based upon his seminal Sentimentos do Homem no Novo Mundo, or Sentiments of Man in the New World. The King, as chief executive of New Granada, executes the laws passed by the Cortes Gerais, which possesses the legislative power of New Granada.

The elected leader of the Cortes is the Palestrante. According to the Constitution, elections must be held every five years at a a minimum but may be held in the event of a successful vote of no confidence in the sitting Palestrante.

Royal Family
The royal family in New Granada is the elder branch of the former Iberian House of Braganza. The first King of New Granada was Miguel, who was the eldest surviving son of the last king of Iberia. Miguel married ..., and had three children: Tomás (18xx-present), Ernestina (18xx-present), and Inacio (18xx-present).

King Miguel was a well-respected statesman, who began forging international relations with a number of Laurentian and European powers. Miguel was also notable as a philosophic thinker and had a prominent role in the drafting of the New Granadian constitution. During his reign, which lasted from 1823 to 1852, he played an oversized role in the development of the nation's political character as a liberal constitutional monarcy.

Tomás ascended to the throne of New Granada in 1852. He had grown up in the shadow of his father, and knew that he would have to work with succesive governments to maintan his family's grip on power. To that end, Tomás proposed an amendent to the constitution moving from unpredictable elections (with a five-year maximum) to regularly scheduled five-yearly elections.

Economy
The economy of New Granada is heavily reliant upon the natural resources of the land. The nation has, however, recently entered into a relatively prosperous period since independence from first Iberia and then Mehico. This is due to the openness of foreign markets for exports, whereas under Iberia and later Mehico exports were greatly limited.

Industries that are among the most productive in New Granada are mining, agriculture and ranching, with some contributions by local merchants and artisans. From the late 1820s, Teobaldo Candezón - the nation's first Palestrante - introduced greater efforts at integrating the nations' internal trade. This was to counteract a historic division along regional lines. Candezón's goal was uma nação, um mercado, or "One Nation, One Market."

The wealth in New Granada is still heavily concentrated in the hands of white settlers rather than indigenous peoples or people of African descent. The demand for change of this system is relatively muted due to the lack of wholesale education among these groups, as well as...

"Socioeconomic changes proceeded slowly; the economic system functioned as a loosely related group of regional producers rather than as a national entity. Land and wealth were still the privileges of a minority. Forced labor continued in the mines, and various labor arrangements existed on the haciendas, such as sharecropping and low-wage labor. In each case, those owning the land benefited and those working the land remained impoverished.[3]"

Demographics

 * 1820 census - 1,500,600
 * 1870 - 3,900,000