Egypt in the Middle Ages (Many Wonderful Things)

The Greco-Roman domination of Egypt came to an end in 639 AD, when Egypt came under the rule of the Rashidun Caliphate originating from Arabia. This brought an age of over one thousand years in which Egypt was dominated by Muslim rulers until the French invasion of Napoleon in 1799. Most of these dynasties originated from Arabia itself, ending with the Ottoman Empire which ruled from Turkish origin. Almost all of these dynasties lasted around one hundred years, a perod of time sacred to certain Muslim scholars at the time such as Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406).

In the early Islamic Period, lasting until 969 AD, Egypt was dominated mostly by the existing Caliphate ruling from the Middle East. In the High Islamic Period, lasting until 1253, Egypt exerted itself as having more dominant autonomy, particularly under its own native Caliphate descended from Fathima, as well as the great jihadist Salah al-Din Ayyub (Saladin). In the Late Islamic period, Egypt would suffer great decline uner external turkish dynasties such as the Mamlukes (white slaves) and later the Ottomans.

List of Dynasties

 * Rashidun Caliphate (636-661 AD)
 * Rebellion of Amr ibn al-'As (656-661 AD)
 * Umayyad Caliphate (661-750 AD)
 * Abbassid Caliphate (750-935 AD)
 * Tulunid Sultanate (868-905 AD)
 * Ikhshidid Dynasty (935-969 AD)
 * Fathimid Caliphate (969 AD-1171)
 * Ayyubid Sultanate (1171-1252)
 * Mamluke Sultanates (1252-1517)
 * Bahri Dynasty (1252-1382)
 * Burji Dynasty (1382-1517)
 * Ottoman Empire (1517-1798)