Principia Moderni IV (Map Game)

The Ming Dynasty still rules over the vast lands of China. On the other side of the world, the Hundred Years War continues between England and France. Europe is still stuck in the old ways of feudalism and chivalry while the notions of a New World are considered figments of the imagination.

We welcome you to the long-awaited fourth expansion of that immortal series. Welcome to Principia Moderni IV! Starting in 1400 AD, this is the dawn of the modern world and the tail end of the Middle Ages. The Renaissance is just kicking off in Europe, while the nations in the western side of the continent are locked in the last gasp of the Hundred Years War. The Muslim world is still reeling from the invasions of Turks and Mongols, with the Caliphate resting in the collapsing Mamluk Egypt and the Ottomans on the rise in Anatolia. Make it count.

The first game was the most successful on the wiki, leading all the way to the modern day with mostly plausible posts and little controversy. The second game reached almost to the modern day, but failed due to a plethora of ASB events and moderator bias. The third game was much more worthy of the first, almost running into implausibility but climbing back into a shining glory by the end. Riding on the latest reforms of map games since the end of PMIII, this is the most logical next step in that evolution. Remember,  above all other rules, — have fun.



Important Pages

 * Rules and Algorithm
 * Alliances 
 * Holy Roman Empire
 * Feudal Dynasties
 * College of Cardinals
 * Nations

The Night's Watch (Moderators)

 * Lord Commander Scrawland
 * First Ranger Wolves
 * First Builder Callumthered
 * First Steward SkyGreen24
 * Maester GunsnadGlory
 * The Mountain that Rides Feudy McPlagueface
 * The Rising Tide Solace
 * Eunuch User:Person67

The Wildlings
All users currently on the wiki may play unless otherwise noted.

Banned Users
A ban from plausibility strikes lasts 30 days, after which the third strike is repealed and the banned player is unbanned. However, the newly unbanned player rejoins the game with two strikes, as a form of probation.
 * Bear - 1648

Plausibility Strikes
'''Three strikes and you're out! Each strike resets after 30 years of the most recent strike.'''
 * Fallacy I

Moderator Strikes
These are strikes for moderators and how they moderate. The same three strikes rules apply. If a moderator is banned from moderating. However, they can still play as their nation. Mod strikes can be delivered in one of three ways: Moderators can be given strikes for the following reasons:
 * 1) If a sufficient number of players (more than half of all players voting) vote to give a moderator a strike.
 * 2) If I, Scraw, give them a strike.
 * 3) If a majority of all mods (i.e., more than half of the total number of mods, excluding that moderator) vote to give a moderator a strike.
 * 1) Exhibiting bias that would benefit the nation they are playing.
 * 2) Exhibiting bias that would negatively affect a player they have a personal dispute with.
 * 3) Making a ruling that contradicts a proven fact from OTL or an established fact from earlier in the game.
 * 4) Overruling a decision of a majority of moderators.



1840
'''You should not be industrialising and I mean by that building factories, railways, vast shipyards or anything else the mods interpret to be industrialising unless you're approved. '''

''' The war between Burgundy and France continues with the current front lines having been completely foraged out forcing both sides to move all supplies from their homeland to the troops. '''

''' Fighting breaks out in Texas between white and Aztlan settlers. '''


 * Republica Iberia: The Civil War is brutal as the poorly armed but numerous rebels combat increasingly desperate Consular forces across the country. The Rebels quickly gain control of the provinces of Andalucia, La Manch, Murcia, Valencia, and Catalonia. Additionally General Zapico and his 8th Legion hold the capital at Vallodolid in Leon. For eight months the rebels wage a war of attrition against the disheartened troops of the Consular Army. Despite early successes, the Consular Army begins to run out of steam after losing the main production regions of Catalonia and the iron producing region around Toledo. Trapped in the highlands of northern Iberia, and with Zapio’s army pursuing them, the remains of the Consular Army surrender at Salamanca. Although the war lasted only one year, the cost has been great. A Consular campaign of scorched earth has left thousands homeless across the country. Refugees from ravaged countrysides flee to the relative safety of the city only to find food has become 30% more expensive in the course of three months. Madrid and Toledo receive the most refugees from the damaged heartland of Iberia, but many others are concentrated in cities such as Sevilla and Cordoba. Following the war, a Provisional Iberian Republic is proclaimed with its capital in Madrid. Despite the surrender, small bands of loyalists remain dedicated to the cause and being a guerrilla campaign against the New Republic. These loyalists continue attacks across Iberia throughout the remainder of the year.
 * En las Antillas Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of sugar for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other sugar producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial governor of the Antillas Ibéricas pledges loyalty to the new republic after hearing word of the resounding defeat faced by the Consular forces. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En las Indias Orientales Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of spices for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other spice producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial governor of the Indias Orientales Ibéricas pledges loyalty to the new republic after hearing word of the resounding defeat faced by the Consular forces. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En África Ocidental Ibérica: The Iberian Civil War, although brief, has huge implications of the growing Iberian Colony at Banco de Arguin. While the Colonial governor, Santiago Fernández continues his expansion of the Iberian colony, the timetable of the expansion is pushed back a little. For now, the colony at Banco de Arguin pushes up the coast with the establishment of a new fort 500 kilometers north along the coast, with towers built every 50 kilometers. (Expands 10 px along the coast north)
 * Empire of Ethiopia: After a period of quietness the young emperor Ioshua continues the work of his predecessors. He begins to get trade overland and on the water back to a very profitable state. He begins to decommission the older ships of the navy in order to have a more modern fleet. The navy is based around the twin steamers built over a decade earlier. Workshops all across the country continue to produce the most profitable good and military arms. The old water project of Axum is brought to Addis Ababa to allow some sort of flowing water through the city. Advisers are sent to Europe to learn new battle techniques, while the older guards of the Royal guard pass on their knowledge. Also, troops are sent around to do the annual training of farmers.
 * No. Read the Industrialization requirements. -Solace


 * Argentine: The Slow Industrialization process continues with no major advancements, and any sort of industrialization, is Mainly in the cities, where seven factories stand in New Vichy, though factory jobs are unpopular, and have relatively low wages (trying to be as fair as I can, as I’m trying not to get a strike for any implausibility, nor am I trying to industrialize fast, I am simply starting the Argentine industrialization process, due to Belkan support) . The Argentine government announces that it supports the Belkan government and says it will seize any Belkan ships that claim allegiance to the Greek Federation while in Argentine ports or in Argentine waters. We continue to militarize our border with Burgundian Patagonië, keeping a close eye on it.  we send a request to the Peruvians, which asks if they will allow an Argentine Warship to dock at their major ports to help protect their ports from any possible foreign invasion (MOD RESPONSE ABSOLUTELY NEEDED!!). Colonization of North Patagonië increases as always, and any remaining native tribes are scared off and kicked out of their native lands, causing many hard feelings and anger among many natives, with many wanting revenge against the “White Thieves” as they like to call the Argentinian settlers. Agriculture continues as usual, and many farms contribute to Argentine by giving a portion of their food to markets in the cities. In fact, many farms are now being required to send a portion of the food they grow to the markets, to feed the hungry city dwellers. Stability increases, nationalism increases, and wealth increases this year, as some homeless people find well paying jobs for the cottage industry, while many just either freeze to death in the cold nights, or die in a murder or muggings. Freedom and democracy becomes more integrated into the society and culture of Argentine, and many forms of government, such as monarchy and feudalism, are looked down upon, and children are taught that they are very lucky to be born in a nation like Argentine. The Navy develops slightly this year, while the army begins research on new weapons and artillery, using tax money to help fund their research. A new prime minister is elected this year, Eugene Thiers, a devout liberal and Catholic, and vows to institute liberal reforms to the Argentinian Economy and the Argentinian Nation as a whole. Eugene’s first order of business is his “Emancipation Proclamation”, where he basically makes slavery illegal, and has ordered for the emancipation of all slaves in Argentine, and sends soldiers to the south of the country, where slavery is most commonly used, to enforce this law, this act sparks controversy among the white southerners, but nothing much is done about it.
 * You were told no industrialising without approval which you do not have. Ask for approval. Person
 * Mod Peru: No, Person. 
 * Yet I’ve been slowly industrializing for the past few turns, T_T. Also, I explained that I wasn’t trying to quickly industrialize, nor was I trying to break any rules.
 * I understand you weren't trying to break any rules. Nevertheless, in spite of what may have happened previously, you will request approval for industrialisation. Person. 
 * I understand and have sent a request to industrialize.


 * Belkan Federation: Dimitiglou's home is destroyed by a rebel bombing raid, and as such he flees from the area to seek shelter on his own. The Slavist government under Vozhd Cosova devoted most of their military effort to launch an offensive by sea from Trieste, being most concerned about putting down the Mediterranean Revolt, as well as devoting land forces against Albania. He also took the opportunity to push through a number of radical liberal reforms, seeing the conservatives fully removed from the legitimate government. Labor laws and corporate regulations are nationalized, an emancipation proclamation is issued for Turkish people, and a crude form of income tax is drafted. Although some people suggested that the legitimate government might have issues enforcing these laws, most of the Supreme Soviet was confident they will be able to enforce everything after the south is subdued. However, the Slavists overestimated the industrial power of the Bulgarian province, and over the summer multiple districts had opened in revolt to join the rebellion. At the Danube River, however, the battle lines saw a fierce clash between the two sides, reaching a stalemate in a few weeks. Each side dug down a series of long trenches in August and September, almost completely splitting Bulgaria in half. In Albania, however, the Slavists manage to score a decisive victory, pushing the rebels back to the Greek border. The Albanian government, however, escapes into exile back to the Greek Federation. The military of Belka is largely then stored in Serbia and Croatia, using forced quartering of local Croat villages when the barracks ran out of space. An underground rebel movement, unrelated to the Greeks, begins assembling in Croatia and northern Serbia, based on many fundamentalist Unitarian churches. At the end of the year, both governments begin employing more experimental, industrial weaponry, in order to attempt to get an edge. Ferdinand Kuchk returns back to Belka for four weeks, before returning to Hongzhou, hoping to stay away from Belka's unstable climate. He stays in the Cantonese regions, where the sun can properly bleach his hair.
 * Kingdom of Prussia: Maximilian IV is crowned king of Prussia after the death of his father days before. Following this, He begins to push for a better Prussia and with intents of supporting German Unity from all people, he begins to focus on building up the nation's navy and holds military parades in September in Berlin. This would be the first out of the annual Berlin Parades where following which, Maximilian would deliver a speech to the nation. A very popular fashion company is founded named Alcasta and begins opening eight shops across Berlin and back to the city of Konigsberg. 8000 men are recruited to the army this year and plans for the naval construction of another eight naval vessels are made. As Maximilian settles down his foothold and rule, he also becomes having sights on expansion. With this, under his first year of rule, he offers anywhere between 400,000 and 900,000 in estimated USD to Bohemia and Belka in exchange for Silesia (PLAYER RESPONSE). A trade agreement is also offered to the United Kingdom to boost the amount of goods coming into the nation. Works on needle guns are made as well. Many cannons are also produced in factories within the nation. German nationalism also makes a rise. Maximilian thinks quite negatively about the Polish state and in secret begins working with generals on a possible action of war against the Polish State known as War Plan Gray. All the recruited men this year begin to go through heavy training and this also includes about 24,000 other men this year with more plans for the years ahead. With a 26-year old ambitious leader leading Prussia, no one is sure what the future awaits.


 * Kingdom of Burgundy: Patagonië expands by 50 px. The army’s continued ability to hold off the French armies continues to raise spirits in the country, instilling more and more pride into the Kingdom's armed forces. Crown Prince Willem, Commander of the Army of Lorraine in the south, reports that the troops themselves are in high spirits after the recent victories. At the front line, the Royal Army has built extensive trenches and defensive fortifications to aid in the defense of the country. This year, some 60,000 more troops from New Netherlands, Maryland, Kuba, and Guyana arrive in Burgundy and are divided between the northern and southern fronts. As a result of the war so far, industry has grown at an explosive rate, with the railroads in the country to have gained thousands of miles of new track since the initial French invasion . With the front lines having been foraged dry for food and supplies, the railroads prove their use even more so with the transport of additional supplies and munitions to the troops.
 * Argentine Delegation: An Argentine delegation arrives by ship in the Burgundian colony of Patagonië. They offer to purchase the Burgundian Colony for 100 million USD, and in return, we will support Burgundian efforts against France, and possibly declare war on France if this ultimatum is accepted, as long as Burgundian support is guaranteed, this also means Argentine would attack and occupy any nearby colonies and/or colonies in Africa.
 * No, you're not growing to thousands of miles of railroads yet especially while at war. Person


 * French Republic: Stalemates continue, but more and more breakthroughs in the Burgundian defenses keep many of the soldiers on the front lines nationalistic . All naval ships are ordered to begin attacking and destroying all of the blockades in an effort to re-invigorate the proper trading ports to help with getting food to masses. Although some ports are freed in the south, not all of the region is unblocked. To help pay for the war and the its ever-increasing length, a proper tax rate is set at a minimum of 20% and a maximum of 45%, which allows for a big enough budget to consistently keep producing the weaponry and materials needed to combat the Burgundian defenses. With the large blockades in much of Southern France proving more disastrous than previously though, most of the exported goods from Benin and other French colonial states are smuggled in through Iberia, due to their lack of border security and its close proximity to the mainland (Steph said he was cool with it). Rationing food begins. Trade with Sicily, Rhineland and the Maghreb continues through unblocked ports. All fronts are given an additional 100,000 men.
 * French Indonesia: Expansion is made further in Papua New Guinea. Piracy is encouraged in the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea in efforts to raid and capture important Burgundian ships, as well as to raid and destroy most Burgundian ships.
 * French Benin: Following the capturing of the Burgundian port, the port is properly put under occupation, while exports continue to be sent to mainland France to help the war effort.
 * You haven't made any breakthroughs. Person
 * Japan: Japan today is in a complex state. The merchant empire continues to grow as our trade increases, sending spices and exotica from our trade partner Hawaii and our colony of Guinea to the lucrative markets in China, India and Europe. Seeing the bankruptcy of the Chinese East India Company, Japan would like to accept China's earlier offer of ceding its Australian colonies to Japan (Mod/China Response). In the mainland, art and culture flourishes. The Emperor orders the construction of a vast baroque palace in Kyoto to show off the riches of the empire. Shipyards are constructed by the Japanese East India Company and a trading post is established OTL Somerset, Australia, as a place for Japanese merchants to sell their wares and not be tied down by Uluruan laws. Japanese Papua expands 10 px along the southern coast of Papua New Guinea. Seeing the French occupied in their war with Burgundy, Japan makes moves to occupy French Papua New Guinea and we offer to join the war on the Burgundian side if Japan is allowed to take over French Java (Burgundian Response). The Japanese Navy continues expanding as the Japanese East India Company grows.
 * Burgundian Response: The Japanese offer is accepted.
 * The Japanese Navy is mobilized and we begin attacking French ships in Indonesia. The Japanese colonial garrisons in Sulawesi and Papua are reinforced and and a militia consisting of several Papua chiefs and Japanese soldiers storm the French settlement and attempt to incite a native uprising in French Papua.
 * United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland: Parliament decides to continue their neutrality in the Franco-Burgundian conflict due to the stalemated nature of it. 3000 troops with supporting cavalry and artillery are located in Bonapaartstad (OTL Comodoro Rivadavia) along with a fleet of two first-rate ships-of-the-line, five second-rate ships-of-the-line and 13 frigates. The British regulars and the local populace are impressed into making the area defensible by constructing further medium defenses. Geographers at the British run University of Cairo are still exploring the Sinai peninsula looking for the potential of a canal route. England has 13.5 million people and inside of that London has a population of 1.4 million, Wales has one million, Ireland has 6.6 million people and Scotland 2.4 million. In Britain, based in southern England, the army rests at 10,000 professionals with 5000 men in Ireland. There are two fleets: one at Portsmouth and one at Bristol, each comprise ten first-rate ships-of-the-line, 24 second-rate ships-of-the-line and 50 frigates. The number of railways being built increases with connections between the coal mines and industry towns on the north. Industry is expanding quickly due to Britain's trade networks. The British continue to colonise the Yorke peninsula setting up farms as they bring more people in. Explorers supported by the knowledge of the Uluru local farmers find gold east of Eora in a river and this is publicised in Britain in an attempt to encourage investment in Uluru. This should lead to a gold rush. Emboldened by this success further searches for gold are conducted elsewhere. The British interact in New Zealand with Maori tribes with investors back in England talking of colonies as the drive for British expansion continues. Robert Bunsen invents the Bunsen cell. The Uniform Penny post is introduced as a big reform.
 * India: The New Indian Army continues to grow and a new training academy is established for the entire army regardless of whether they originate from Britain and India. They take the same courses and such and start at the same rank even if a British-born officer is more likely to advance quicker. Some of the experienced Sepoy are put into officer training if they are Muslims. With Hindus it is done based upon caste while more British people trained in civil service academies are sent to India. The growth of charity schools in India continues. The administration sets out on keeping up work a new strategic fortress with the harbour at Rajapuri significantly expanded and defenses are built around it consisting of ditches and blockhouses connected by trenches. This will take some time to build. Murud-Janjira Fort is renovated to protect the entry the harbour. Money is put into schools.
 * Kingdom of Avalon, Iroquois and Savannah: The Kingdom of Iroquois expands 50 px west from Henry's Land into OTL Kentucky and Ohio. The Kingdom of Avalon 50 px expands along the northern side of the Great Lakes. Migration of those struggling due to industrialisation continues. There is an exploding amount of population with immigration, high birthrates and vast amounts of undiscovered land. The population of Avalon is 1.6 million. Iroquois has four million and Savannah 3.8 million. There is fighting between the Iroquois tribes and the Kingdom of Iroquois because of the years of expansion into their land.


 * Swahili: We continue colonial expansion in Northern Somalia, in the South and in the Malindi and Mombasa area. Colonization steadily increases as medicine and weaponry become more widespread. The past decades were a period of growth in the Swahili scientific and technological fields followed by peace at the end of the civil war and a need for recovery. More soldiers enter the Swazi land, now numbering 50,000, to assist them with defense.
 * Sefuwa: The colony of Sefuwa continues development.
 * Huriya: Political integration continues with Swahili bureaucrats being sent to oversee more political processes.
 * Rowzi: Political integration continues with Swahili bureaucrats being sent to oversee more political processes.
 * Swahili Diplomacy to Iberia: We propose peace with Iberia upon the following terms:
 * All prewar Iberian colonies in South West Africa (Congo and the like), except the northernmost one, shall be transferred to Swahili.
 * Swahili and Iberia shall be allowed to dock their navies in all of these colonies.
 * Swahili shall return the Iberian trade quarter on Pemba Island to Iberia.
 * Swahili should pay reparations of 100,000 Swahili dinars.
 * Swahili and Iberia shall sign a non-aggression pact for 30 years.
 * Swahili and Iberia shall declare each other as favoured trade status.
 * Iberian Diplomatic Envoy: These terms are acceptable. We agree.

1841
''' Continued fighting in Texas leads to the declaration of the Republic of Texas. The rebels fight against settlers and soldiers from Aztlan and reach out to the British for help. '''

''' Getting food to the front lines has become a major issue in the Franc- Burgundy war. More so to French due to lack of railways and more troops. Soldiers are hungry and disease is more common. Desertion and death occur a bit in both armies. '''
 * Belkan Federation: Vozhd Kostfolios of the Greek Federation, in response to the domestic policies of Belka, begins implementing extremist conservative policies across the Federation. A secret police is created, known as the Ministry of Information (MoI), in order to root out any suspected Slavist supporters. As the MOI abuse their power in the countryside, Jakob Dimitiglou goes undercover, trying to keep one step ahead of the MOI. In Bulgaria, the troops from both the Liberals and Conservatives stall at a full stalemate in the trenches, both sides unable to remove the other one. Larger and larger weapons dealing more massive death is engaged in the Bulgarian trenches, but only a few feet is gained in either direction. As a result, the local populations of Bulgaria face an apocalyptic level of destruction, leaving hundreds of thousands of people homeless. In Albania, the region is largely held secure by the Slavist military, but the conservatives hold the high ground and manage to mount several decent counteroffensives up from Macedonia, although these are unable to gain much ground. At sea, the largest battle of the war so far is seen at the Battle of Lesbos, where the Slavists strike a decisive blow in preventing the Greeks from suppressing the Turkish revolts. The Islamic Republic of Samothrace becomes the most dominant party of the Turkish front, helping to establish local Emirates in Krete, Rhodes and Naxos. In the north, the Croat Unitarians throw out the moderate leaders from the region, establishing a paramilitary group known as the Armies of the Lord. Seeing their cause as a response to the oppression of Belkan orthodoxy for many years, the extremist Unitarians begin striking strategic terrorist attacks against Slavist military outposts in the region. Their leader, the Reverend Mikhael Vodel, considers himself an avatar of the One True God, and radicalizes his followers to cleanse the land of devil-worshipping Trinitarians.
 * Japan: The Emperor's Cabinet advises the Emperor that, due to the overstretched nature of the French Colonial Empire, we could just buy Java and New Guinea from France without going to war. Therefore, we offer France a treaty in which we purchase all of French Indonesia save for the island of Denpasar (French Response). Several universities are constructed and trade flourishes. The Shogun, Emperor and Cabinet work on creating a unified constitution for the Empire of Japan as to mediate power in the complex political situation. Several Japanese generals visit the battlefields between Burgundy and France to study modern warfare. A University of Napoleonic tactics is opened up in Kyoto. Several prominent Japanese scholars suggest the establishment of a parliament to replace the current system of the Shogun, Emperor and Cabinet having power. Construction of boats continues as shipyards expand. Trade continues to expand and population booms. People begin moving from the countryside to the cities where many begin working in maritime industries. The idea of "Living Space for the Japanese People" emerges as a prominent scholar authors a political book on the importance of Colonial Enterprise to keep up with Europe and to ensure a that the booming population has places to go. In order to keep up this empire, Japan must "Enrich the country, Strengthen the Industry". The scholar, who was educated at the university of Zurich in Switzerland and is a devout Catholic, emphasizes Japan's need to westernize and not to "fly too high" as to upset the nearby powers of Britain and Burgundy. More and more people move to the cities and away from the countryside. The Port in Somerset grows 10 px as trade continues with Uluru. A second trading post is established in New Caledonia. We officially claim New Caledonia as Japanese Territory and name the island New Formosa. The cabinet also addresses that the Japanese flag will be changed to something simpler so merchants flying it will easily be recognized as Japanese.
 * Papuanyu (New Guinea): The local Papua population continues to intermix with Japanese settlers. Expansion is made along the coast of the island. With French Papua bought, we claim the entire island of New Guinea as Japanese Territory. Large portions of forest are cleared as large plantations sprout up. Most of the people working in the plantations are native Papuans who have gone from subsistence agriculture to growing cash crops such as cocoa and coffee. Due to the growing of these new things, Japanese cuisine slowly changes as more and more people, especially in cities, drink coffee to stay awake throughout long working hours in farms around the cities and in crafts and factories in the cities.
 * Argentine: Argentine soldiers are put on high alert as no answer has been given by the Burgundians in our previous turn (Respond, Burgundy player). Expansion southward into Patagonië has begun once again, as cartographers head down south to map out the region (the area is around the south of Burgundian Patagonië’s border), and troops are ready for southern expansion. The Argentinian economy continues to expand and continues to prosper. Argentinian colonization into North Patagonië continues. More to be added. The natives in the south are incorporated into our plans for southern expansion, and soldiers are told that feared fighting between the native tribes and the Argentinian Armed Forces could occur. We send a delegation to Peru to establish an embassy, and to see if they would like an official alliance, as it's the least they can do in return for us supporting their independence. (MOD RESPONSE NEEDED! We decide to stay neutral in the Aztlan-Tejas issue. Liberalization of The Argentine economy continues and more and more slaves are freed everyday. Industrialization does not continue.
 * You can't make an event in land you don't hold. Person.
 * Better?
 * Russia: Colonial expansion in Arcadia continues as the first settlers cross into the Rockies and the Great Basin. Explorers are hired by the government to explore the vast northern interior of the continent. The Republic of Texas is recognized. Peace is offered to Aztlan following the capture of Honolulu. Withdraw from Hawaii, and renounce claims to the Pacific Island chains claimed by Hawaii (Mod Response).
 * Aztlan accepts. -Sol
 * Republica Iberia: The Republica Iberia continues to face the Loyalist guerrilla forces which harass republican forces across the highlands of north central Iberia. However, after six months of raids and attacks a Republican force of 48,000 troops under the command of General Andre Pao finally manage to surround and force the surrender of the Loyalist forces. Meanwhile, General Zapico and other revolutionary leaders begin to organize the creation of the new Iberian Republic. They settle upon a unicameral legislature, La Asamblea General, comprised of 80 Representatives distributed to the provinces based on population. The provincial seats - as they are known - are distributed in regional elections. These representatives then choose a head of government to rule the country as presidente. The judicial branch is then appointed by the president and confirmed by the representatives. The Provisional Republic begins holding elections to ratify the new constitutional document. Backlash against the landed-elite and aristocracy mounts as many of the revolutionary leaders blame them for the faults of the old government. Popular sentiment and anti-nobility streaks within the Provisional Republic led to a spate of arrests and land seizures. Hundreds of aristocratic estates are redistributed to communities across Iberia for use as communal space. Additionally, the vast wealth of these individuals are seized and used to pay off state debts. Many aristocrats and much of the nobility flee from Iberia. The economy, which had suffered greatly during the recession and civil war begins to recover. The increased urban population due to mass immigration from the countrysides has led to increased demand for food. This demand has encouraged farmers to purchase more modern agricultural tools and machines from English, Belkan and Burgundian merchants. (Just to be clear, this is not industrialization, but simply the purchase of agricultural tools from industrialized nations.) Additionally, farmers begin experimenting with crop rotation, but face difficulties because conventional northern European crops simply will not grow in the Iberian climate.
 * En Las Antillas Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of sugar for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other sugar producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En las Indias Orientales Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of spices for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other spice producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En África Ocidental Ibérica: The Iberian Civil War, although brief, has huge implications of the growing Iberian Colony at Banco de Arguin. Colonial governor, Santiago Fernández continues his expansion of the Iberian colony. With stability returned to the national government Fernández requests and then receives permission to accelerate his agenda. The colony now begins to expand both north and south along the coast simultaneously. Small fishing communities along the coast are integrated into the colony as the expansion gains momentum. By years end the colony has expanded several hundred kilometers both north and south. (50 px total both north and south.)
 * Kingdom of Prussia: With much more growth occurring in the nation, Maximilian sets his eyes on grabbing land from Bohemia, he orders the quick and swift capture of lands across Bohemia lead by several military generals and leading staff with an army of 200k men and they begin several campaigns and capturing the capital city of Prague. The city was left in shambles and government centers were lit on fire while the people of Silesia were spared from the worst of the conflict. As the Bohemian men were steamrolled and having their cities fall one after another, The fighting ceased. Maximilian escorted by 500 men to the Palace of Prague, meets with the Bohemian leader and request for the annexation of Silesia (MOD RESPONSE). We begin to establish railroads nationwide with a new and famous passenger line named the Berlin Express that moves at quick speeds from Konigsberg to Hamburg and mainly makes most of its money from Berlin citizens looking for a quick commute. Maximilian notes this and decides to open up the foundation of railroads for specifically military transportation of goods. A buildup of Naval development is pushed upon further in Hamburg ports with 12 more warships being worked on. Completion of these vessels should occur in a couple of years. As winter sets in, hefty harvests and such are exploited and a surplus of crops have led to the value of certain food products being lower in price. Mines for silver and iron are open as well. More Prussian merchant ships venture to the Indies returning back with valuable goods. A charter is passed for the establishment of a town on the West Coast of Africa on the Ivory Coast to be used as an international merchant town and to be used as a midpoint from Indies Trade and goods from other nearby European power ports across the Atlantic Ocean.
 * Bohemia accepts. -Solace
 * Salish Nation: As California is settled with Salish people, dissent begins to die out as the Mzerkan resistance is crushed. Continuing the trend of California pioneering agricultural techniques, a farmer in Pimo perfects a method of growing different crops each year to increase agricultural production by quite a bit. Ambassadors are sent to France, meaning to further Salish diplomatic ties.
 * French Republic: With rumors of supplies declining rapidly on the front lines, President Auguste has made it mandatory for large food companies to donate a portion of their agricultural harvest to the Armed Forces. Due to the conscription pool still increasing rapidly and the total army having raised to just under one million, an additional front is opened in the northeast (not the east or Somme, but the northeast) to surprise the Burgundian's and hopefully begin occupying territory, as well as securing the first victory for the French in the long war, with 100,000 French soldiers being sent. Smuggling food from Benin through Iberia continues, as well as the numerous ships continuing to attack and push the Burgundians out of Southern France, with the free ports being hot spots for imports of goods and other supplies. President Auguste asks the Sultan of Maghreb for support in breaking the blockade and in return will receive industrial technology, as well as be paid handsomely for his efforts, regardless of whether or not it succeeds. The same offer is sent to Sicily. The deal offered by Japan is accepted, with most of the French merchants and rich citizens moving back to France proper or the Island of Denpasar. 
 * French Benin: Expansion is made between the captured Burgundian port and French Ere. Food is still shipped to the French homeland.
 * Kingdom of Burgundy: the blockade continues to tighten its grip on French ports, with captured food shipments being sent to the homeland to be distributed. With the supply situation at the front deteriorating, food shipments via rail are increased. A newly constructed rail line from Amsterdam to Brussels helps with the distribution of food coming in via sea, and another rail line from Luxembourg to Mons helps with the transfer of food from eastern Burgundy. At the front, fortification of the army's positions is intensified. Newly arrived this year are more troops from the colonies, 40,000 from Guyana, Kuba, Maryland, and New Netherlands, as well as 60,000 from Ceylon, Malaya, Aceh, and Sumatra. These forces are initially organized into a new army, the Army of the Orient under the command of veteran General Herzog Jakob van Waterloo. However, individual units are rotated into the front lines to relieve Burgundian units who’ve been fighting longer, allowing the fresh colonial troops to take their place while surrounded by experienced fighting men. The end result is the Army of the Orient comprising of fresh colonial troops supporting a strong core of veteran men. With word of a new French offensive into Champagne, Herzog Waterloo is ordered to move the 100,000 man Army of the Orient to meet them and fortify their positions when possible.
 * Ethiopian Empire: Ioshua continues to bring the nation back up to its previous power. Colonies are started once again close to Lake Turkana to help the nation grow even further. The Bank of Ethiopia begins to slowly introduce more coins into production, which causes a boom in gold mining and the search of gold for the government. The Royal Guard continues to follow modern practices with tradition mixed into readily combat and problems military. The wood from decommissioned ships is sold for cheap to help the populace and the economy.
 * Woah woah woah, now I am a moderator, so I can’t strike this, but I’m 99% sure your emperor is a bit too young/a puppet of the military. I know it’s been a couple of years, but you haven’t mentioned anything about what happened to that whole military junta controlling Ethiopia. Also, I think your economy most likely suffered after the loss of Egypt in the Egyptian Revolution, along with losing your only coast and contact with Europe. Also, I don’t think an African country not even directly in contact with Europe should have a central bank to keep up your funds. I think you need to research more bout Ethiopia during this time, and see how they managed their economy, as you are getting a lot of things inaccurate here. Just a friendly note from a former Ethiopian player - History Nerd
 * Eh, I don't see anything major he is doing that is implausible. -Sol
 * United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland: Since there is fighting in Tejas a task force of some 10,000 British soldiers, two first-rate ships-of-the-line, seven second-rate ships-of-the-line and 18 frigates set out to land in the Kingdom of Savannah where they are joined by 8000 regulars from the Army of Savannah. The British strike into Tejas from the east of it while Savannah strikes in from the north with the goal of reaching the sea. We are doing this to help our culturally similar allies. Parliament decides to continue their neutrality in the Franco-Burgundian conflict due to the stalemated nature of it. 3000 troops with supporting cavalry and artillery are located in Bonapaartstad (OTL Comodoro Rivadavia) along with a fleet of two first-rate ships-of-the-line, five second-rate ships-of-the-line and 13 frigates. The British regulars and the local populace are impressed into making the area defensible by constructing further medium defenses. Geographers at the British run university of Cairo are still exploring the Sinai peninsula looking for the potential of a canal route. England has 13.5 million people and inside of that London has a population of 1.4 million, Wales has one million, Ireland has 6.6 million people and Scotland 2.4 million. In Britain, based in southern England, the army rests at 10,000 professionals with 5000 men in Ireland. There are two fleets: one at Portsmouth and one at Bristol, each comprise ten first-rate ships-of-the-line, 24 second-rate ships-of-the-line and 50 frigates. The number of railways being built increases with connections between the coal mines and industry towns on the north. Industry is expanding quickly due to Britain's trade networks. The British continue to colonise the Yorke peninsula setting up farms as they bring more people in. Explorers supported by the knowledge of the Uluru local farmers find gold east of Eora in a river and this is publicised in Britain in an attempt to encourage investment in Uluru. This should lead to a gold rush. Emboldened by this success further searches for gold are conducted elsewhere. The British interact in New Zealand with Maori tribes with investors back in England talking of colonies as the drive for British expansion continues. Robert Bunsen invents the Bunsen cell. The Uniform Penny post is introduced as a big reform.
 * India: The New Indian Army continues to grow and a new training academy is established for the entire army regardless of whether they originate from Britain and India. They take the same courses and such and start at the same rank even if a British-born officer is more likely to advance quicker. Some of the experienced Sepoy are put into officer training if they are Muslims. With Hindus it is done based upon caste while more British people trained in civil service academies are sent to India. The growth of charity schools in India continues. The administration sets out on keeping up work a new strategic fortress with the harbour at Rajapuri significantly expanded and defenses are built around it consisting of ditches and blockhouses connected by trenches. This will take some time to build. Murud-Janjira Fort is renovated to protect the entry the harbour. Money is put into schools.
 * Kingdom of Avalon, Iroquois and Savannah: The Kingdom of Iroquois expands 50 px west from Henry's Land into OTL Kentucky and Ohio. The Kingdom of Avalon 50 px expands along the northern side of the Great Lakes. Migration of those struggling due to industrialisation continues. There is an exploding amount of population with immigration, high birthrates and vast amounts of undiscovered land. The population of Avalon is 1.6 million. Iroquois has four million and Savannah 3.8 million. There is fighting between the Iroquois tribes and the Kingdom of Iroquois because of the years of expansion into their land.
 * 'Swiss Confederacy:' With Switzerland being a relatively small nation in the center of conflicts in Europe, the Tagastzung gets worried about the safety of the nation. During most of the year, the army becomes fully mobilized with troops being gathered from each canton for the national army. Cantons that have militias decide to expand them slightly for their own defense. Small parts of the army are also used to capture and jail the small conservative groups that are trying to rebel against our great, perfect and equal state. Proto-factories in the cities continue to become more efficient. Banking industry continues to expand.

1842
 Hey girl, why don't you come over and let me help you industrialize in PMIV). It's Solace and the Night's Watch here for that new turn. 

''' Further British involvement in the Baluchistan state of British India leads to conflict between the British soldiers and Baluchistan militants. '''

''' There are still supply shortages on both sides in the Franco-Burgundy war because it is an issue of moving supplies to the front lines. The war drags on as both sides strain themselves fighting for this long. The war at sea is confusing as no one seems to know quite how many ships there are out there. Either I see some numbers for ships or there are no ships. '''

''' In the Rhineland the Germania Front is formed as a coalition of independent politicians and wins a victory in the elections gaining a majority in the legislature and push for an agenda of a new German unification. The Germania Front forms an armed wing as well comprised of older veterans of the last war. The Germania front calls for more power to the people. '''


 * Republica Iberia: After the ratification of the Constitution of 1841, the new Republica Iberia begins a series of intense reforms aimed at pulling Iberia into step with the rest of Europe. General Zapico, now the high commander of the Fuerzas Armadas de Iberia, begins to reform the professional army. Drawing upon his experience in combat he begins writing a manual, En la Velocidad en Guerra, for the future management of the Iberian Army. His reforms include plans to convert the Iberian Army into a largely mounted force comprised of independently acting brigades of two types. The first type of brigade, a Brigada Rápida, would have a core of 6000 Carabineros supported by two battalions of light and heavy cavalry and with two further contingents of mobile horse-artillery. While the Carabineros travel on horseback, they fight primarily on foot as line infantry with specialized grenadier companies for use in assaulting enemy positions. The second type of brigade would be almost entirely heavy line infantry equipped with accurate rifles and with a large artillery support unit. This Brigada de Asalto would be used primarily for the defense of fortified positions and to attack enemy positions head on. Economically, the government officially sanctions a large set of land reforms aimed at increasing agricultural productivity. The government seeing that agricultural technology abroad encourages the growing trend of importing agricultural machines and techniques. In addition to the increased demand from the now steadily growing coastal cities of Northern Iberia and Portugal the end of the war has seen an increase in the growth rate of the Iberian population. The increased demand has further encouraged farmers to purchase more modern agricultural tools and machines from English, Belkan and Burgundian merchants. With the economic incentives mounting and the government encouraging the use of more advanced farming techniques agricultural productivity begins to slowly increase. The experiments with crop rotations continues, but the progress is slowed by difficulties because conventional northern European crops simply will not grow in the Iberian climate. A major works project is begun in Andalucia to repair and expand the still serviceable Moorish system of aqueducts and irrigation. The goal is to increase the region’s productivity so that Iberia may begin to compete in the production of grain, wine, olive-oil, cotton, and citrus. With the old aristocratic government replaced with an emphasis on the more professional-class of lawyers, banker, merchants, and craftsmen the resentment against the old aristocracy continues. The redistribution of old aristocratic land-holdings continues across Iberia. In some cases the land is sold off in parceles and in other cases it is given to the local municipality to use in whatever way they see fit. Additionally, the vast wealth of these individuals are seized and used to pay off state debts. The government spending kickstarts the Iberian economy and by years end the economy is well on its way to recovery after the unrest and conflict.
 * En las Antillas Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of sugar for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other sugar producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En las Indias Orientales Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of spices for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other spice producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En África Ocidental Ibérica: The Iberian Civil War, although brief, has huge implications of the growing Iberian Colony at Banco de Arguin. Colonial governor, Santiago Fernández continues his expansion of the Iberian colony. With stability returned to the national government Fernández requests and then receives permission to accelerate his agenda. The colony now begins to expand both north and south along the coast simultaneously. Small fishing communities along the coast are integrated into the colony as the expansion gains momentum. By years end the colony has expanded several hundred kilometers both north and south. (50 px both north and south.)


 * Salish Revolutionary Republic:The Californian government has taken an interest in the crop rotation methods developed at Pimo. They begin pushing hard for its adoption. In other news, requests are sent to United Kingdoms, Burgundy, China, Scandinavia, Belka, Russia, Rhineland, Iberia, Japan, and Swahili to establish an embassy for further diplomatic ties. Boromir Kharkov officially opens Lucentium Harbor to European Traders (with the exception of Russian traders), hoping to promote business. At Dwuamish Harbor, five new sloops are launched.
 * No to embassy with China, Japan and Swahili. Person
 * Japan: The Constitution of Japan is created in which the power of the Daimyos and Samurai is solidified as completely ceremonial while governors would be elected by the landowners and would be loyal to the central government. The Shogun's power is also reformed as the position becomes elected by the governors who also are representatives of their respective regions at the parliament which will decide civilian matters while the Shogun, who reigns for life once elected unless the parliament unanimously votes to impeach him, will have control over military and foreign policy matters. The Emperor will have ceremonial power and will share executive power with the Shogun over military and foreign policy matters. By this time, Catholicism has become the second largest religion in Japan with about two-fifths of the population subscribing to it. Kyushu has the highest concentration of Catholics with them being an overwhelming majority. With the elections of the first governors, several political factions have formed. The two main factions are the traditionalist "Bushido" faction which seeks to keep the wealth and power of the Daimyo, Samurai, and Emperor, as well as to keep Shinto the dominant religion and the reformist "Seiyoka" faction which seeks to westernize and reform Japan into an industrial power. The Seiyoka score a majority over the Bushido and Ito Hirobumi is appointed. Ito advocates westernization and expansion of the navy as well as expansion of the Japanese colonial empire into Indochina and cooperation with Burgundy. The trading post in Cape York expands as more traders settle it. Knowing that Britain has near hegemony over Uluru, we ask the British for an agreement allowing Japanese settlement of the Cape York Peninsula in Northern Australia (British Response). Settlement in New Caledonia continues. Shogun Hirobumi oversees a vast ship-building project under the "Strengthen the Navy, Enrich the Country" doctrine. Shogun Hirobumi also decides upon wearing western military garb and issues western uniforms to all Japanese soldiers. We also offer to buy the island of Kauai from Hawaii for 200,000 USD and a shipment of modern weapons as well as a treaty of friendship (Mod Response for Hawaii).
 * Papuanyu: Deforestation occurs as plantations expand. Plantations mainly grow cocoa, coffee and wheat. People from the overcrowded home islands continue to settle in Papuanyu and become workers on the large plantations. With the purchase of French New Guinea, a road is made to connect Angu-Zia and Bird's Head Peninsula and we lay claim to the entire island of New Guinea.
 * Java: With the purchase of Java from the French, a governor and viceroy are appointed to the colony. The Viceroy is Japanese and represents the Emperor while the governor is Javanese and represents the Javanese people. The former French port is renamed Jakarta and Japanese settlement is encouraged. Jakarta remains the only urban center on the island and the rest is set out for plantations which continue growing sugar, rice and rubber as they did under the French. Tea plantations are cleared and replaced with coffee plantations as it seems that the Japanese much prefer coffee to tea due to long hours of most jobs and the need to stay awake.
 * British Dip: No, we don't recognise any Japanese settlement in the British protectorate of Uluru.
 * The Japanese port in Uluru is closed to respect British demands.
 * No building roads through the jungle. Person
 * The road goes along the coast. Robby
 * Argentine: Argentinian soldiers move into the south of Patagonië, which was scouted and mapped out a year before. The land extends down to the end of Burgundian Patagonië, and Argentine forces set up new defenses and guard post along the new extended border, along with the southern border. Numerous Native tribes resist the expansion, and fighting breaks out between Natives who had previously been chased off their land by Argentine forces years ago, and now find themselves being taken off the land they were just forced upon a few years ago. The natives are swiftly defeated, as Argentine soldiers quickly gun them down. A Federation of Native Tribes forms, called the Araucanían Federation, and quickly combine their warriors in a fight for survival against the advancing Argentine forces. We announce that we will accept any outcome in the Aztlan-Tejas Conflict, but will currently stay neutral on the subject until it is solved. Mods, please respond to my mod response requests, as it seems you are overlooking my turns lately, so please respond to last turn’s and this turn's Mod Requests. The economy is developed, government officials sit and wait until the day comes when Argentine can finally industrialize. Argentine Nationalism is at an all time high, and Argentinian values are kept sacred, and are taught to children at a very young age. Some troubled farmers and former plantation and slave owners go on strike/protest against local governments, along with the federal government as a whole. A young peasant farmer, and pro-slavery activist named Orélie-Antoine de Tounens (real guy, and French too, what luck I have) actively supports and empathizes with these farmers and plantation owners, and begins to become disillusioned with democracy and aristocratic capitalism (don’t worry, I’m not going to try to create communism again), and begins to organize his own protests and strikes, in order to show the Prime Minister that the peasants will not stand up for his policies. The Prime Minister would, consequentially, ignore these strikes and protests, and ordered for the local authorities to arrest the strikers, seeing them as just troublemakers and no big deal. Antoine manages to avoid his arrest, and runs away to a local town, and wouldn't make any major moves for months to come. We continue to openly support Peruvian sovereignty and democracy, sending much aid and supplies to the fledgling nation. We are furious that Burgundy has still yet to reply to our offer to purchase the Patagonië colony in exchange for us attacking French bases in the New World, and begin to get ready for a possible war, with the first move being the cutting of ties between Argentine and Burgundy. Many conservatives and Pro-Slavery politicians despise the reforms made by the new Prime Minister, and hope to reverse these policies if they win the next election. All in all, many changes are going on in Argentine, and many may be for the worse, or for the better, who knows?
 * Mod Peru: We establish an embassy but no thanks on an alliance. Person.
 * British Dip: We warn against an attack on Burgundian Patagonië.
 * French Dip: We encourage an attack on Burgundian Patagonië.
 * Siam: (Ignore noncanon previous post). The King of Thailand in an intent to modernize the military. The king believes the European powers will colonize his land should modernization not occur. In private talks, he is open to becoming a protectorate like Malaya. First action he does, is executes unpopular nobles. He then deals with a peasant revolt, utilizing elephants and primitive Firearms based off very old Sino-Korean model. The revolt is crushed, but shows the weakness of the Thai state in the long amount of time it took. Seeing this, the king requests firearms from France, or Burgundy. He also would like advisors and military trainers. (PLAYER RESPONSE, PLEASE).

Thailand agrees, also wanting help with westernization potentially.
 * Japan offers to send firearms, advisors, and military trainers to the King of Thailand in exchange for a trade agreement and alliance.


 * Wait, Muslims???? You mean Buddhists. Islam is not the majority religion in Thailand, no way Muslims would have popularity among the populace, nor would they even have power in government. Islam is a minority, and if the Muslims gained power they would quickly lose power. It’s as if I had a bunch of Shintoists trying to take over Argentine. I suggest you start to research more on Thailand’s history in the map game and in real life, as this just ain’t possible. If Islam is a popular religion in this map game, then I apologize, but if you’re trying to create an Islamic State in Thailand, then you will fail. The History Nerd.
 * Let the moderators handle this, Colgan. -Sol
 * I took it away because I thought it was implausible at a second glance. However, keep in mind Siam does have a Muslim minority due to Nate’s Missionary work in game, and Makanism is canon. Although I didn’t want a Muslim state, no, these Muslims would be more like China’s Hui than anything. Anyway, I left it as is.
 * UPDATE: I got rid of the old post altogether due to the ASB.
 * Swiss Confederacy: After long talks and visits of French diplomats, the Tagastzung decides to join the Franco-Burgundian War. The main reason the Tagastzung cites is to gain access to Lake Geneva and its city as well as expanding trade with an up-and-coming empire, the French. This would be valuable to Swiss industry, trade and the growing banking industry. 40,000 men from the national army invade Burgundy's flank to their surprise. It is largely undefended as most of the men are dedicated to the French front, allowing the Swiss troops to gain ground quickly. A smaller militia and armed force is left in Switzerland to defend itself. A bank holiday and other measures are taken to protect the banking industry.
 * Rhineland: Karl Moltke, chairman of the Germania Front and currently the most powerful man in Rhineland, sees opportunity in the Franco-Burgundian War to help in German Unification. With Switzerland entering into the war and Burgundy at a crucial junction, Moltke gathers the entirety of the Rhenish army around Alsace and the Swiss border. Moltke sends a diplomat to Burgundy on entering the war if the Rhine is allowed to gain Switzerland and Alsace (Burgundian Response). Veterans and supporters of the Germania front support the war wholeheartedly while the king remains secluded in the palace and remains removed from political affairs.


 * Burgundian Dip: King Lodewijk and the States-General accept.


 * Due to Alsace being completely separated from France, Rhenish troops quickly overrun it.


 * French Republic: After consulting with the National Assembly, French President Auguste decides to bring about the end of the Franco-Burgundian War, although making it known that the terms settled upon will not bring about a full surrender, suggesting that a white peace will be in order. A general ceasefire is ordered on the front lines as diplomats are sent into Burgundy, and it's assumed that the Burgundians will follow suit, of which if they continue fighting, then the French soldiers will be ordered to return fire (Burgundian Response).
 * Burgundian Dip: King Lodewijk and the States-General accept the French ceasefire proposal, and the armies are ordered to hold their positions and to not engage French troops unless to defend against French advances and ceasefire violations.
 * Kingdom of Prussia: While Maximilian plans out and finalizes War Plan Gray, he enacts Operation Guter Glaube. With a young man personally leading his army, he alters their military uniform and tests out a new helmet for his infantrymen called the Pikelhaube. The coats of the men are also changed to a black and gold color. In late January, war is declared on Saxony. Our men numbering higher then what they were able to sustain in Our Campaigns that we had waged. The areas surrounding Verden had overrun their forces, Maximilian pushed for a siege in Hannover where we capture the city and pushing them to defeat in the region and securing the north. He then ordered armies out East to push into Liepzig to lay siege to the city as one unit. There, after having achieved victory, the Saxon men had all pushed into retreat for one last battle in the capital of Dresden. Although there were many defenses abroad, they were incapable of holding up and eventually succumbed to the armies. Maximilian in military uniform reached the Palace of Dresden and enter with 380 well armed men and all go to the leader of Saxony and offers his demands of laying claim of making Saxony his vassal and annexing The territories of Hannover and Northern Saxony. Following this, men that waited outside the palace in the City had helped themselves by talking and greeting the local Saxons. Victims of war that were civilians were helped buried with their families by Prussian soldiers and Saxon soldiers that had surrendered were now becoming more like friends and would drink and eat together. Locals were helped with the recovery while we also helped with distributing rations and food. In the meantime to the north, and all around occupied Saxony, the same treatment was given. One General named Hanz Goerbel was quoted say “We are brothers and brothers must treat each other with respect” implying to the fact that the Prussian Germans and Saxon Germans were one and the same and implied to German Unity. Meanwhile, back in Berlin, Nationalism is on the rise with German unification under one banner becomes more and more so popular. In Silesia, people are getting back on their feet and new businesses are established while more men in the Homeland are recruited to the army.
 * Rhenish Diplomacy: The Ruling Germania Front, also possessing pan-German views, proposes a federal union between the German states of Rhineland and Prussia, with the King of Rhineland offering to resign so the two kingdoms can be under a personal union.
 * Saxony surrenders. -Sol
 * Belkan Federation: The civil war begins to enter some of its most bitter times. The MoI in the Greek Federation has begun rounding up suspected people-groups into encampments, fitted with tents and armed guards. Jakob Dimitoglou barely managed to escape this purge, and took up a job as a border security guard under a false identity. The Bulgarian front has slaughtered soldiers and countrymen beyond hundreds of thousands, up to a million people. The largest cause of this death toll is the use of trench warfare on both sides, permanently locked in combat. The experimental industrial weaponry have laid waste to the land, including attempts at poison gas. Hearing of it from returning soldiers, Jakob composes poems of the horror of bloodshed and the futility of war in general. Albania is also a hostile front, although there are relatively few direct attacks this year. The exiled Albanian government has almost fully reorganized their military from within Greece, and prepares to mount a counteroffensive. In the Aegean, the lack of fully-mobilized navy from either Belka or Greece has allowed the Islamic governments to become more centrally-organized. Al-Aziz Abu Boris, the Chief Minister for the Islamic Republic of East Samothrace, manages to organize the islands of Naxos and Morea to enter a political union with Krete, officially reestablishing the Emirate of Krete. Abu Boris is elected the first Vizier of Krete, with more direct power than the Emir. The budding fleet of the Muslims manages to fend off a poorly-planned offensive by the Greed Federation to take Samothrace. In the north, the Armies of the Lord are fully under the control of Reverend Mikhael Vodel, who is subsequently declared pope by his followers. They mostly roam across from Trieste to Ragusa, sacking cities and burning Orthodox churches. Two Orthodox clerics are publicly executed. So far, the Armies of the Lord are mostly confined to a thin strip of land around geographical Croatia, as most of Serbia remains loyal to the Slavists and pushes out the fanatics by civil defenses. Jakob Dimitiglou's description of the armies coins the term terrorist for the first time in history. The land de facto held by the Armies of the Lord are unofficially referred to as "the Holy State of Croatia and Serbia".
 * Russia: The arms trade with Burgundy continues. Colonization of the New World continues. The tsar places an order to modernize the fleet, namely the Pacific fleet, which is reinforced with ships from two centuries ago. However, the means of producing ships on the Eastern Seaboard is strained by logistics. The aging tsar, Konstatin II puts funds from the Imperial Treasury into a massive infrastructure project to improve the Russian roadways. Two men, Vasili and his son Antony Cherdenko begin to experiment with steam technology. Vasili predicts he could have a working steam locomotive in a decade.


 * Swahili: We continue colonial expansion in Northern Somalia, in the South and in the Malindi and Mombasa area. Colonization increases as medicine and weaponry become more widespread. The past decades were a period of growth in the Swahili scientific and technological fields followed by peace at the end of the civil war and a need for recovery. The steel plow is developed in Malindi in 1835, and mass production had begun in Malindi and Aliwa. In the madrassah of Mogadishu, urea has been first extracted in experiments in the early 1830s. Calculus undergoes development in the madrassah of Malindi, with the scholar Farer developing a method of writing functions as the sum of trigonometric functions, the scholar Basaro presenting the intermediate value theorem and the scholar Darik developing number theory. Aliwa undergoes a period of rapid development, as the area's wealth of coal, iron ore and other minerals led to the construction of multiple mining towns and small factories to exploit the cheap energy found there. Experiments on electricity are done in the madrassah of Quelimane. Aluminum has also been discovered in the madrassah of Ibo. In the Swahili heartland, the profitability of cloth factories and cotton farming had led to a sharp increase in number of slaves. Several foreign steam engines have been imported and domestic variants are under development . More soldiers enter the Swazi land, now numbering 70,000, to assist them with defense. With the war with Iberia over, a small garrison is left in the Western colonies, as the navy is tasked to blockade the Zulus. The 8000 strong marine force is tasked to land and raid the Zulu Coast. During the war against Iberia, a number of tactics had been developed, including the development of a specific landing craft, a joint general staff for naval and amphibious operations and the specialization of marines as a separate branch of the navy.
 * Sefuwa: The colony of Sefuwa continues development.
 * Huriya: Political integration continues with Swahili bureaucrats being sent to oversee more political processes.
 * Rowzi: Political integration continues with Swahili bureaucrats being sent to oversee more political processes.
 * No industrialising without approval. Person.
 * United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland: Keeping up with the fighting in Tejas the British force which has made a breakthrough continues its advance westward while the troops from Savannah keep engaging Aztlan troops. This should drive Aztlan out of Tejas allowing a resolution of the internal conflict. Parliament decides to continue their neutrality in the Franco-Burgundian conflict due to the stalemated nature of it. 3000 troops with supporting cavalry and artillery are located in Bonapaartstad (OTL Comodoro Rivadavia) along with a fleet of two first-rate ships-of-the-line, five second-rate ships-of-the-line and 13 frigates. The British regulars and the local populace are impressed into making the area defensible by constructing further heavy defenses. Geographers at the British run university of Cairo believe it to difficult to make a canal due to terrain differences. England has 13.9 million people and inside of that London has a population of 1.4 million, Wales has one million, Ireland has 6.6 million people and Scotland 2.4 million. In Britain, based in southern England, the army rests at 10,000 professionals with 5000 men in Ireland. There are two fleets: one at Portsmouth and one at Bristol, each comprise ten first-rate ships-of-the-line, 24 second-rate ships-of-the-line and 50 frigates. The number of railways being built increases with connections between the coal mines and industry towns on the north. Industry is expanding quickly due to Britain's trade networks. James Nasmyth patents his design of steam hammer in England and introduces an improved planing machine. In Uluru, the gold rush has begun as in Eora as prospectors come directly from Britain and send the first of the gold back to Britain. Many farmers abandon their posts in the Yorke Penisula though which is bad. The British form the New Zeeland company and land at the Firth of Thames, it is backed by the government worried about Burgundian presence in the South Pacific in relation to Australian gold.
 * India: 6000 Hindu soldiers supported by a European force of 1000 are moved to OTL Karachi and ordered to keep their heads down. Hopefully any problems in Balochistan should blow over with British forces moved out of the countryside to make them have a less visible presence. Work on the strategic fortress at Rajapuri continues.

1843
''' With everything and anything going on in Belka, exports from Belka have ceased while trade in the areas has been halted and refugees are travelling to Turkey and Austria. '''

''' As the war between France and Burgundy ends a lot of soldiers return home and war expenditures fall leading to a rise in unemployment, business slowdown as the war economy ends and both sides are saddled with debts. Since trade with Germany and Belka is disrupted and banks are hesitant to make loans this leads to a pan- European recession of less production and incomes. '''


 * Japan: Shogun Ito Hirobumi continues with his naval reforms, overseeing a centralization of the navy with several squadrons devoted to protecting the various seas and ports of the Japanese Empire as well as replacing outdated ships and building massive modern dockyards all over the country. The Colonial governor of Sulawesi raises a large army in Japanese Sulawesi and issues an ultimatum to the kingdom in south Sulawesi to submit to Japanese vassalage or face invasion and blockade (Mod Response). People continue moving to cities. Settlement continues in New Caledonia. A trading post is established on New Britain. An offer is made to the Kingdom of Hawaii to buy the island of Fiji in exchange for a non-aggression pact, 100 state of the art ships, and 1000 USD (Mod Response for Hawaii). Seeing the trade recession in Europe, Japanese merchants take advantage of this and begin stepping up trade with Siam, Tondo, Vietnam, and Burgundian Indonesia. Seiyoka Philosopher Jiji Shimpo begins publishing a newspaper called "Datsu-A Ron" or "Leaving Asia" that advocates for westernization.
 * Papuanyu: Expansion continues along the coast in an effort to establish dominance on the island. Gold is discovered on Bird's Head Peninsula which causes a rush of settlement. Large mines are set up by the state and worked on by both Japanese and Papuan laborers. In Angu-Zia, an underclass of half-Papuan half-Japanese people develops who are mostly farmers. Cocoa, Coffee, Wheat, and Rubber are the main crops planted.
 * Java: Settlement of Jakarta continues. Plantations are opened. Inspired by the discovery in Bird's Head Peninsula, excavations begin on islands on the Java island chain. Some copper is discovered, but nothing else so far.
 * Sulawesi: With Sulawesi united under Japanese Rule.
 * South Sulawesi says "Come get me, Boy. Person.
 * 5000 Japanese troops Invade South Sulawesi. Makassar is Sieged and Destroyed. The king surrenders and all of Sulawesi is now owned by Japan.
 * Hawaii is ruled by Russia or Aztlan, I forget which.
 * Russia liberated Hawaii from Aztlan. Russia owns Midway Island and Hawaii became re-independent. As Hawaii is a sovereign state once more, it should be controlled by a mod.
 * Yeah, OK. Person.
 * Argentine: With the beginning of a recession in European trade, and Europe’s great nations facing their own economic hardships, Argentine decides to cut any trade, although mostly small, trade with Europe. The effects of the recession and the cutoff of trade are not immediately felt, and might not even be noticed by some for a while, as most of the imports and exports that are important to Argentine are mostly with Laurentinan Countries, not Europeans. So there might just be a severe shortage of European goods made in the traditional European way that some couples like to place around their homes for decorations or to show off their wealth but nothing major. Most Argentinian economics experts and theorists who, mind you, are big Eurocentrics, say that this recession in Europe should be very brief, and that it shouldn’t even be considered a recession but more of an economic mishap, and say the economy will go back to normal once jobs reopen after they see their constomers are back and the European governments flip their economies back from wartime to normal economies. Though, when asked about the Belken civil war, and reminded that it had a huge impact on this whole recession, and basically was the cause of it, they either asked the journalists to leave, or that everything will be fine. Despite the predictions of so called “Experts” and “theorists”, economic ministers and personal advisors, along with the entirety of the Prime Minister’s cabinet, heavily advise the PM to take more caution in this European recession, and prepare just in case for any possible economic issues Argentine may face in the future, which he agrees and starts by heavily reducing the economic support Argentine is sending to Peru, and to use the resources for Argentine instead, and to stock up on resources and food. Taxes are slightly raised higher, but stay realtively affordable. Low tariffs are placed on any Asian goods, or European merchants wanting to sell their stuff due to the economic recession in Europe. Many conservatives like the measures taken by the Liberal government, especially the tariffs on foreign goods and merchants, and call for Argentine and the whole of the New World to not help Europe’s recession and to worry about themselves and their neighbors. Many politicians and government officials worry that this European secession could escalate the currently insignificant and small strikes and rebellions in the south by former slave owners, plantation owners and farmers. Argentinian soldiers arrive at the small poor town that Orélie-Antoine de Tounens, organizer of small peasant rebellions and strikes, and demand the townsfolk hand over Antoine, which they stubbornly refuse. The soldiers react to this rejection by force, and begin to search the towns people’s homes, which the people protest against, and many men rush into their homes, grab their guns and start shooting at the soldiers. The soldiers react with shock and many retaliat, but most beg the people to put down their arms and comply with the order, as the soldiers don’t want to deal with the high command punishing them for killing civilians. The captain arrives and asks the people why they resist his demands, they reply by saying that the government hasn’t done anything for them, and said that they rather defend their rights as southerners then to be oppressed. The captain orders them to continue the search and arrest the rebellious townspeople, but are met with fierce resistance, and the people open fire on the soldiers, killing five. Soon a huge battle breaks out between the peasants and the soldiers, and Antoine himself is reported to have been there fighting alongside them. The peasants soon won, and the remaining forces retreated to gain backup, and Antoine was sadly escorted to another location, with the townsfolk pledging loyalty to him. The natives and Argentinian settlers and soldiers continue to skirmish and massacre each other in brutal raids and ambushes. The Araucańian Confederation continues to beat up Argentinian soldiers, with swift and brutal attacks on military outposts and bases, not completely wiping them off the map. Argentinian nationalism increases, but reports show a large decrease in support for Argentine in its current state and Argentinian nationalism in the south. A black family is attacked in a mob lynching in the southern city of Greater Òrleans, with the father and the youngest child being killed, while the widow and two remaining children are subject to curable, but serious, injuries. Many witnesses say that the fatal attack could have been easily and swiftly put down if the observing police hadn’t stood around, as it wasn’t until soldiers and the rest of the police force heard of the lynching or saw the event came running and quickly beat back the mob. No one has been prosecuted.
 * Republica Iberia: In 1843 Republica Iberia continues the reforms aimed at pulling Iberia into step with the rest of Europe. General Zapico, now the high commander of the Fuerzas Armadas de Iberia, begins to reform the professional army. Drawing upon his experience in combat he continues writing En la Velocidad en Guerra, for the future management of the Iberian Army. The military reforms planned from last year begin to be implemented and four Brigada Rápida are raised from the disorganized militias and old army groups left-over from the war. Another eight Brigada de Asalto are raised and equipped with left-over weapons purchased from the French after the Franco-Burgundian war. (Solace gave me his approval) Unfortunately, the economic growth that Iberia had been experiencing slows dramatically as the economic crisis washes over Europe. The government, facing the potential for worse economic crisis continues its efforts to rebuild and redoubles energies on preventing widespread poverty. The land reforms continue and agricultural technology improves as more agricultural equipment is imported and gains widespread use across Iberia. Work on crop rotations suitable for the Iberian climates finally finds a breakthrough with a Barley/Wheat, Vetch (Legumes)/Chickpea, and Sunflower rotation providing improved crop yields and soil protection. Plans are laid down to implement the new production methods across Andalucia, Castile, La Mancha, Portugal, and Catalonia with regional variations as needed. Citrus production begins to flourish, but a lack of demand in Europe for the fruits causes much of the produce to be left on trees or sold cheaply within Iberia for break-even profits. Due to the vast demand for iron and coal in France and Burgundy over the last seven years prices for both resources have been exceedingly high in Iberia. Several mining projects which were planned over the last few years are completed in the spring and begin producing coal in Asturias and La Mancha with iron production nearly doubling in Toledo. Unfortunately the economic slowdown causes these new mines to struggle and the market is flush with cheap iron ore. The major works project begun last year continues, and is even expanded to help cope with the poor sales of luxury farm goods in the later half of the year. The Moorish system of aqueducts and irrigation expands by 20% and the south of Iberia is truly becoming a breadbasket with the ability to yield crops all year round thanks to its mediterranean climate with regular precipitation for most of the year. The system of aqueducts also includes a series of many small dams and lakes designed to store water for the hot and relatively dry summers. The goal is to increase the region’s productivity so that Iberia may compete in the production of grain, wine, olive-oil, cotton, and citrus.
 * En las Antillas Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of sugar for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other sugar producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En las Indias Orientales Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of spices for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other spice producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En África Ocidental Ibérica: Colonial governor, Santiago Fernández continues his expansion of the Iberian colony. Small fishing communities along the coast are integrated into the colony as the expansion gains momentum. By year's end the colony has expanded several hundred kilometers both north and south. (50 px both north and south.)


 * Thailand: The king is surprised by the power of the Japanese and sees them as a true model for the future of his people. However, issues remain and centralized industrialism cannot happen. Instead, he tries his best to do short term changes before anything major. One of which is purchasing Japanese weapons, much of this, in fact, being done by feudal lords. Some lords prefer traditional Thai cavalry, so they still use elephants and poorly equipped peasants as cannon fodder. It is a mixed match, no doubt. However, added altogether these practical private armies are the Thai royal army. Also, in urban centers, entrepreneurship is encouraged, with some peasants making money by selling luxury boxes for present wrapping, sold to neighboring nations and made from bamboo. These are made in small workshops. Also, primitive old Chinese model blast furnaces begin to create jobs in Bangkok, where they produce firearms, some crude copies of Japanese smoothbores, where they sell them to lords. Many Japanese military advisors joke about Thailand and privately laugh at the nobles for greed. SECRET THAI DIPLOMACY TOWARD THE JAPANESE: WE GIVE YOU A LIST OF UNHELPFUL/UNPOPULAR NOBLES TO PURGE (RESPONSE, PLEASE.)
 * Japanese Diplomacy: We propose the establishment of a military base in Bangkok, from there Japanese soldiers and assassins could take care of unpopular nobles. Japanese Advisors are ordered to stop making fun of thailand. Japan also offers the Thai a defensive alliance.
 * Ethiopian Empire: The economic expansion is going well as the of Ethiopia feel it in their pockets, while not as rich as most European countries, Ethiopia is doing well for its continent. The farming villages around Lake Turkana slowly expand as does the crop yield in the area. The emperor orders roads to be built to the lake with the most haste. The Imperial Guard continues to westernize at a moderate pace. Money earned from the economic boom is put back into society with more investment in education and infrastructure. More non-inheriting sons move into the urban centers of the nation, slowly setting up an urban "middle" class. Emperor Ioshua goes on a national tour to see what his people want improved by the government.
 * French Republic: With the collapse of the economy and the failed war against Burgundy, Tobie Auguste fails his re-election bid and is replaced by an ex-military general known as Godefroy Alarie, a hardline nationalist and far-right politician. Within the first few days of his ascension to the presidency, he begins enacting large reforms in the National Committee, replacing many of them with other politicians who follow the same ideological thinking. Following these replacements, he then publishes his thoughts on how industrialization, more government interference in the economy and a large population would bring about a "New World Order". With this, the economy begins to see more government interference as the managed economy is introduced to better help with modernizing and raising the economy. A large boost in population begins following the re-introduction of military men back into society, with the population rising to 24.3 million by the end of the year. Industrialization begins once more as the return of a workforce begins. The first railroad line is constructed, with the thought that future usage of the railroads would allow for the moving of resources from point A to point B in a faster and more efficient manner. Rich individuals who survived the economic collapse begin becoming favorable friends with President Alarie.
 * Kingdom of Prussia: With the recession closing in across the European Sphere, King Maximilian pushes for a change in taxation in which taxes is raised slightly for the higher ups in the nation with the poorest of which having their taxes lowered so they could afford more things. Printing of the Prussian Currency is slowed to lower inflation rate and minting is also lowered in rate. With all this going on, Stocks see a shortening in the bear market and see an ease in the sell out of bounds and such. This leads to more stability and more confidence in the Berlin Market. Focus on repairs and recovery out in Hannover and Liepzig are made as government funds aid the poor and struggling citizens brought into the Kingdom recently with more mine jobs being made and taken to aid in material production and are sent over to factories to produce goods. After calls for a form of Council, The Diet of Berlin established. A debate ensued in the Diet over establishing a true Parliament. One of the summoned officials, a liberal made a speech claiming that the Prussians only thrown out Napoleon only because they were promised a constitution. A young man by the name of Otto Von Bismark stood countering the claim by saying that “the Prussians people only thrown out Napoleon for Prussia. Did the man really think the Prussians wouldn't have stood against an invader without being promised a price of paper?”. The hall erupted with outrage. But Bismark just grabbed a piece of newspaper lying about and waited for the bickering to cease. Then he finished a firey speech that helped give some in the Diet a new perspective. While the Diet continues to debate, King Maximilian earns the label of a great. He focuses further on recruits to compensate for the losses in the last two wars and expands the new Prussian uniforms. Research on our unique needle guns continues while schools and universities are constructed for the great minds of the Kingdom with the Science Academy of Konigsberg opening its doors to undergraduates this year. Things in Prussia seem to be business as usual and with more fairness with the lower classes and greater support for the king, things seem to look bright once the economy across Europe begins to wake up and roar again. In the meantime, homes and such are rebuilt while Silesia almost fully recovers due to little damages there. More Germans settle there in search of precious minerals while other go to sea and head for the newly established Prussian African Port of Elfenbein in search of establishing new lives and adventuring the unknown. Maximilian the great works with several members of a top secret created security council in order to ensure the safety of the king during times of danger and Revolt by planning out safety routes across the nation for the king to hide “underground” until issued within the nation settle. This would also be implemented during times of war when Prussia is on the defensive. Maximilian mainly focuses on teaching his son Heinrich IV who has turned eight years of age self defense and has been being taught privately and to grow up to be a strong leader in the line of succession following the King's death.


 * China: The Xindai Emperor continues implementing further trade liberalization, with China attaining a massive trading surplus. The influx of silver reinvigorates the national treasury and continues to underpin domestic commerce. The value of the three different taels relative to each other is established: a gold tael is worth 100 silver taels, which is worth 72 copper taels. Copper taels are used for small-scale transactions, silver taels are used for medium-scale transactions and are often used to pay tax, while gold taels is usually reserved for large-scale transactions. The Bank of China, which originally was intended to keep bullion inside vaults (allowing merchants and the wealthy to store massive amounts of money) and to issue banknotes, begins to officially lend credit and give out loans–therefore turning into a true bank. The mining industry continues to experience a boom. Industrial facilities continue to produce consumer goods and other processed commodities, due to a rise in participation in the consumer market. The metallurgical industry begins to stagnate due to the relative inefficiency and unproductivity of Chinese blast-furnaces. Likewise, the gunpowder and armament industry begins to wane due to low demand and the government dropping its policy of militarization. However, the Chinese army still maintains many arsenals containing outdated but large amounts of armor, firearms and artillery. Due to the reemergence of southern piracy, the navy is reinvigorated. An official diplomatic mission is sent to the countries of Britain, France, Russia, and Belka, as well as the Papal States. Due of the dissolution of the Chinese East Indies Company, the two port cities of Suolong and Nangang are offered to be ceded to France, only under the request that the Chinese settlers that wish to be repatriated to mainland China are to be so as well as monetary compensation of approximately 15 million USD (in-modern day value, for reference, the Louisiana Purchase today is worth approximately 300 million USD) (FRENCH RESPONSE).
 * Nivkh Kingdom (protectorate): The king continues to adopt Korean and Chinese architecture, paving roads to facilitate transport and replacing wood and thatch roofing with stone bricks and clay tiles, respectively.
 * Sakha (protectorate): The Khan continues to adopt Korean and Chinese architecture, paving roads to facilitate transport and replacing wood and thatch roofing with stone bricks and clay tiles, respectively. Siberian crab apples become a local renowned fruit and is particularly prized in Korea and northern China.
 * Xizang (protectorate): Lhasa, the capital, is expanded and modernized. The Tibetan clergy continues to administer the protectorate, with its leader, the Dalai Lama, being considered a vassal or substitute monarch. Many Tibetans are encouraged (via financial incentives) to become more sedentary, with food instead being supplied from nearby Sichuan (thereby reducing over reliance in inefficient herding).
 * North Mongolia (protectorate): Yurt is settled further. A healthy aquiculture industry is established, harvesting and raising fish from Lake Baikal.
 * French Diplomacy: France will buy them once the economy is alleviated.
 * Russia: Colonization of the New World continues with many settlers moving to Novorutenia and Saliya for warmer weather. Modernization of Pacific Fleet starts with new guns and new ships.
 * Belkan Federation: As a last minute effort to prevent losing surplus population, the MoI in the Greek Federation closes the border, seizing passports from all its citizens. Jakob Dimitoglou, however, manages to falsify his own passport, and escapes across the border into Slavic Belka. The sheer devastation and horrific scale of the conflict is staggering over every metric, totalling the casualties on the order of millions. Finally, in August this year a decisive campaign in Albania manages to crush the Slavic defenses, and the Albanian foreign government regains control over the nation, unified with the Greek Federation. The Greek victory is short-lived, however, as the political purges by the MoI are seen as going too far. A secret military order, known as the Order of EZIC, assassinates the heads of the MoI, and attempts to coup the government in general. Meanwhile, in Croatia the Holy State continues their relentless maurading of Orthodox communties. Pope M. Vodel, as his followers call him, blesses their violent acts against the Trinitarians, harbingers of the Antichrist. Vodel also takes special record of his female followers, for reasons unknown. They are generally outnumbered and outgunned by the Slavic forces. However, the unconventional warfare they wage forces the Slavists to pull back from the Bulgarian front, and focus on the chaos in the north. The Emirate of Krete also solidifies more of their control. Ferdinand Kuchk, still living in China, heads straight to Beijing once he hears news of the Belkan situation. He confidently strides in the embassy, declaring that Belka, unlike France, is willing to pay full price for the ports in advance, and claims that Belka is not suffering any economic recession whatsoever. 

1844
''' RIP, Billy Graham, 1918-2018. It's Solace and the Night's Watch here for another turn. '''

''' The economy of Europe is still suffering from low confidence and with the likes of France spending, this leads them and other countries with high spending into deficit. This keeps France with a high employment rate but leads to inflation. Throughout other parts of Europe unemployment rises as confidence falls and spending decreases. A recession occurs as GDP, investment spending, business profits and household incomes falls. This does keep inflation at a steady rate, though. In case Belka doesn't realise, they are in a recession. '''

''' As Argentina decided to cut itself off from trade with Europe, smuggling of European goods begins into the country avoiding the cutoff of trade through neighbouring states while inflation hits Argentina. '''

''' Africans from inland armed with muskets trade with westerners begin raiding French, Iberian and Prussian settlements for food, weapons and people. '''

''' Napoleon II is swept into power by the people of the Rhineland at the head of an angry mob. '''


 * Argentine: We correct the all-knowing gods above that we never put an embargo on European countries and products, and only cut off trade with Europe, so please correct this. Patagoniën settlers are exposed to the ideas of the peasants and plantation owner’s struggles, and gain their support. Orélie-Antoine is exposed to the ideas of Monarchism, and believes that a strong aristocrat, specifically a “People’s King” is needed to protect the rights of the farmers and the plantation owners, and begins to teach his ideology to the people that are currently sheltering him. As inflation hits Argentine, the government scrambles to find a solution, Ministers look up economics to try to figure out how to stop inflation, and the Prime Minister holds and emergency meeting. Those Eurocentric economic experts and theorists quickly find themselves on the streets for their incorrect predictions. The people are shocked with the inflations, and many protest against the government for not doing something sooner. The Argentine government decides maybe trading with Asia could be their savior out of this economic hole, as they know that 99% of the Argentinian population has never seen an Asian product before, which could boost spending on such products. A veteran of the Argentinian War of Independence, Charles Patean, a staunch conservative and pro-slavery, plus a very racist man, and former major now general in the Argentine Army, is our in Command of Forces down south, which are fighting the natives. Charles is known for his brutality in war, so many believe this to be a bad idea, not wanting to be causing a massacre or anything, but many in the army and government reject. Charles begins his streak of terror in Patagonië, and his forces would sweep across the new territory taking many natives prisoners, and even innocent women and children were arrested and forced to follow the groups of soldiers. Once the soldiers were free of fighting, Charles ordered them to march toward a plantation now under military control, that was seized from a striker, and now sat there unused. Charles ordered the natives to grab the tools they wanted to use, and to get to work harvesting cotton, crops and replanting food. The soldiers were shocked that their commander would not hold natives in a prison in the north, and release them after the war was done, and many protested against this, but Charles silenced them, and continued this crime, as he later would put many poor native prisoners-of-war on these plantations to work in harsh conditions.
 * You cut off trade with Europe, that's an embargo for all intents and purposes.


 * Republica Iberia: In 1844 Republica Iberia continues the reforms aimed at pulling Iberia into step with the rest of Europe. General Zapico, now the high commander of the Fuerzas Armadas de Iberia, begins to reform the professional army. Drawing upon his experience in combat he continues writing 'En la Velocidad en Guerra", for the future management of the Iberian Army. The military reforms planned from last year begin to be implemented and two Brigada Rápida Colonia are raised from the disorganized militias and old army groups left over from the war. The Brigada Rápida Colonia are essentially the same as the standard Brigada Rápida but are intended for use in a colonial setting and thus are drilled for combat in a wide variety of terrains. After hearing of raids on Iberian colonies in Africa, General Zapico orders the 8th Brigada Rápida to defend África Ocidental. Unfortunately, the economic growth that Iberia had been experiencing slows dramatically as the economic crisis washes over Europe. The government, facing the potential for worse economic crisis continues its efforts to rebuild and redoubles energies on preventing widespread poverty. The land reforms continue and agricultural technology improves as more agricultural equipment is imported and gains widespread use across Iberia. The government heavily encourages the use of crop rotation and food production increases as farmers take up the new practice. Citrus production continues to flourish, but a lack of demand in Europe for the fruits causes much of the produce to be left on trees or sold cheaply within Iberia for breakeven profits. The cheap iron ore and coal available in central Iberia help to revive the economy around Madrid and Toledo as smelters are able to produce metal cheaply. However, lack of demand also hampers the smelters, but some of their production is used by the military. Realizing that inflation might create a long-term issue, the government takes steps to mitigate the use of money in government works projects. Farmers across Andalucia, where the aqueducts and irrigation works are under construction, are offered access to fresh water from the irrigation system for free for ten years if they provide food to the workers. This cuts government money out of the system and creates hundreds of food-providing jobs for unemployed Iberians which will prevent unnecessary famine and encourage demand for non-necessities. Thus, the major works project begun last year continues. Northern Iberia, however, faces worse challenges as it is more impacted by the economic collapse due to its integration into the global economy. The Republic resolves to create a bank for banks to help prevent total financial collapse. This Banco Nacional will control the printing of money, and the rate at which it lends money will help influence interest rates and thus inflation. By the end of the year the bank is already hard at work providing stability in these uncertain economic times.
 * En las Antillas Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of sugar for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other sugar producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En las Indias Orientales Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of spices for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other spice producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En África Ocidental Ibérica: Colonial governor, Santiago Fernández faces a daunting challenge, the defense of a strung out colony with only 8000 professional troops and another 2000 local conscripts. The forts and towers all receive garrisons and workers are ordered to halt the expansion of the colony. Fernández himself leads the defense of the colonial capital when it is raided by a force of roughly 80.
 * United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland: We send envoys to Aztlan, and ask them to Aztlan recognise British rule in Tejas(mod response). With the whole economy in the dumps and things, the army in Patagonië is recalled to be taken over by Burgundy forces. On the economy, the government of Robert Peel uses expansionary monetary policy and reduces income taxes while decreasing interest rates temporarily. This is hoped to allow business to do more capital investment and keep expanding as well as giving more income. The Transportation Act allows the government to have criminals transported to Uluru. This leads to a rise in inflation and so tariffs are lowered on food to the upset of landholders. England has 14.1 million people and inside of that London has a population of 1.4 million, Wales has 1.1 million, Ireland has 6.6 million people, and Scotland 2.4 million. In Britain, based in southern England, the army rests at 10,000 professionals with 5000 men in Ireland. There are two fleets: one at Portsmouth and one at Bristol, each comprise ten first-rate ships-of-the-line, 24 second-rate ships-of-the-line and 50 frigates. The number of railways being built increases with connections between the coal mines and industry towns on the north. Industry is expanding quickly due to Britain's trade networks. In Uluru, the gold rush has begun as in Eora as prospectors come directly from Britain and send the first of the gold back to Britain. Many farmers abandon their posts in the Yorke Penisula though which is bad. Dublin iron-founder Richard Turner begins assembling components for the Palm house at Kew Gardens in London, the first large-scale structural use of wrought iron. The settlers at the Firth o Thames start farming crops and settling down for expected further waves once confidence picks up.
 * India: There is a slowdown in movement of goods to Europe due to lower demand. Work on the strategic fortress at Rajapuri continues.
 * Due to the Great European Recession, and the ongoing Argentinian-Indian Wars that are distracting are soldiers and is very costly, we offer Britain a truce and a promise we won’t invade Burgundian Patagonië, in exchange, Britain will help our economy and not allow Native Americans that are fighting Argentinian Forces to take up base in the Colony-Argentinian Diplomacy.
 * British Dip: I mean it's not Britain's decision as to what Burgundy does in their colony.
 * Kingdom of Saxony: Angry Saxon people in the nation attack the place in a riot and it begins to spur into civil war. During this nationalism the king's brother seizes the opportunity and kills his brother claiming the throne.
 * Didn't Prussia conquer Saxony? -Robby.
 * Wait, they did!? Crap, I wasn't there, can I rebel or change countries?
 * Yeah, I believe you can, just ask permission from Scraw. -Colgan
 * Japan: In the latest issue of the popular Seiyoka Newspaper, Datsu-A-Ron (Leaving Asia), author Jiji Shimpo postulates that Japan doesn't have the same resources and technology as Europeans and would need a European benefactor with Britain and Burgundy being seen as the best choices. Ito Hirobumi arranges a meeting with the British and offers them a port in Papua in exchange for British advisors, an alliance, and industrial technology (British Response). Makassar begins being rebuilt after its siege and Japanese settlers arrive in Fiji. In Papuanyu, expansion is made more along the coast in effort to connect both sides of the colony. Plantations grow in Java and the Japanese population continues to boom. In Japanese Universities, Westerners are hired to teach many of the classes. Several Japanese Statesmen tour Europe and Colonial Arcadia to learn western ways, this is later known as the Iwakura Mission. WIP.
 * Firstly, Japan needs an impetus for modernization (which was, IRL, Russian presence in northern China and encroachment on Korea). Japan will never modernize out of its own volition given its relative peace and geographic isolation. Not only that, Japan lacks an agricultural surplus to industrialize/modernize at the pace you intend to (given Japan only adopted European institutions in the 1870s, and only fully completed said process by the 1890s), coupled with that fact that you have a large but stagnant population (as the case since the mid-18th century due to extremely low birthrates, at least for the time frame). Notice how the bulk of Japanese population growth only came during the early half of the 19th century, when more agricultural productivity reached a point where there was a heightened food supply and even then they still had to import from their plantation colonies of Taiwan, and later Korea (at the expense of native peasants), which were also mountainous and poor in cultivatable land like Japan itself. To that into perspective, the late 1800s, the population increased marginally from 31 million to 42 million, but nearly doubled in the years leading up to the 1950s, to approximately 82 million. Second, modernization was led by the government, and not by the private sector. It was certainly not influenced by liberal institutions such as newspapers (which despite a surge in literacy, remained a weak force even during the fairly liberal Taishō period) considering the apolitical nature of the Japanese public stemming from deep social stratification and elitism. Third, Japan will never respect an infringement from foreign powers on its territory, considering its highly xenophobic nature. The great reduction of tariffs would invite foreign competitors and therefore lead to foreign economic exploitation, which would actually be the opposite of what you'd want considering you're still a pre-industrial, agrarian, albeit commercialized economy. Even during its tight alliance and economic dependence with Britain, IRL, it was still deeply protectionist, in order to maximize the efficiency of its export model under which it imported raw materials (considering its lack of them in Japan) and sold them to Western and to a lesser extent, Chinese markets, en-masse at low prices yet at high volume. This allowed it to close its trading deficit (due to cheap imports plus high volume of exports), minimize debt to foreign lenders, therefore allocating the majority of its capital into stimulating economic development.
 * Sorry. Is this a mod-response or are you just randomly posting a block of text?
 * Randomly it's relevant information. The modernization of Japan is not impossible but you are doing it wrong.
 * Well Japan is different in this timeline, for instance the Jin successfully invaded and subjugated it awhile back which would make them significantly less xenophobic (Japan's xenophobia was built up by their isolation, which also didn't happen in this timeline.
 * Candies does know what she is talking about, I would listen or even take her advice. Person.


 * Kingdom of Burgundy: Patagonië expands by 50 px. Last year the end of the war was celebrated, with several generals hailed as heroes for the successful defense of the country. In Brussels Burgundian Army regiments held a parade to help distract from the recession that hit the country. Colonies that sent troops are represented by a regiment in the parade. This year, King Lodewijk orders a full evaluation of the armed forces’ performance. After an eight month process the classified document is distributed, it criticizes the inadequate fortifications that were built before the war, leaving many units to further fortify their positions under fire. The evaluation also points out the effect of new artillery, and that their full potential was not reached due to inadequate numbers of pieces. The Royal Navy, supposed to be the pride of the Kingdom, receives particularly harsh criticism. The effect of exploding shells in a live naval battle remains unknown due to the lack of naval combat. With Burgundy's known advantages over France at sea, the cowardice or complacence of the Admirals in charge is blamed. Newly named Grand Admiral Cornelis van Roosevelt responds by sacking no less than fifteen previously high-ranking fleet commanders and Admiralty members and replacing them with men of his own choosing. Grand Admiral Roosevelt also recommends further development of steam technology in warships, after being impressed by trials of the screw frigate Vuurbol. With the war over, the colonization of New Zeeland is again focused on. Representatives are sent to Māori tribes of the north and south islands, offering them full rights and privileges of Burgundian citizenship, and recognition of their ownership of land, forests, and resources (the otl Treaty of Waitangi) (MOD RESPONSE, PLEASE).
 * The Maori do not have a concept of Burgundian citizenship but are glad to accept recognition of what they already knew they owned. -s


 * Belkan Federation: The Belkan Civil War comes to a controversial end this year. With the Greek Federation in chaos after the attempted coup by the Order of EZIC, and the ongoing conflict against the Holy State by Slavist Belka, the two beligerants work toward negotiating an armistice. The Order of EZIC is ultimately crushed, and the members executed. However, even still many rumors remain that the Order merely went underground, vowing to one day return. As such, both Jorji Cosova and Dimitri Kostfolios send representatives to negotiate a ceasefire at the Treaty of Vienna, picking a neutral power to negotiate in. Subsequent to the treaty, Belka turns its attention toward removing the Holy State from Croatia and Serbia. Both the Holy State and Belka reaches out to nations in East and Central Europe to help in the remaining conflict. Greece similarly begins organizing its navy to try to push Krete's presence from the Aegean. Abu Boris, Prime Minister of the Emirate of Krete, reaches out to Iberia, France, Burgundy and Britain for anyone to help make his nation a protectorate for fear of the Greeks. At this point, the conflict have left a permanent scar on the nation, draining enough of its population to decline significantly, as well as disrupting much of its infrastructure. And still the death toll continues, as the Holy State led by Pope M. Vodel continues its guerrilla warfare against Orthodox communities. However, according to urban legend, many of the remaining Orthodox clergy were subtly rescued out of the nation, by help of a mysterious freedom-fighter whose identity was unknown. Being a master of disguise and accents, he was known only by his calling card: a Crimson Pimpernel. Meanwhile, the end of the conflict also saw the emergence of a terrible plague. As soldiers return home from the armistice, an outbreak of cholera ravages the nation. In China, Ferdinand Kuchke becomes apprised of the situation in Belka, but nonetheless, attempts to bluff his way through the Emperor's court to purchase at least an estate within the offered ports. 
 * Burgundian Dip: An envoy is sent to Krete, offering the Emirate to become a Burgundian protectorate if Burgundy would be allowed a naval base there.
 * China offers an enclave in Shenzhen in-exchange for annual rent as with the British in Hong Kong island and the French in Macau.
 * French Republic: The managed economic system seems to begin to raise the economy and stagnate inflation, although inflation remains rather high. Railroads continue to be built around the country, but remain somewhat experimental at this time. Gangs and communities begin to become bigger with the economy having been down.
 * The Mapuche nation, after decades of preoccupation with its internal affairs, is stirred back into involvement in the international community as refugees pour across the border from central Patagonië, speaking of the brutality of Argentine in its unprovoked wars of conquest against the peaceful southern Mapuche tribes. The reformist chief Lientur seizes the opportunity to stir the population into anger, with the help of the regional Catholic church, many of whose priests are outraged at what they view as theologically unjustified Argentine tactics. Taking advantage of this, reformist chiefs at the tribal assembly force through reforms which formalize the elective nature of chiefly office, and subsequent elections see an overwhelming majority of chiefs elected who support whatever action is necessary to halt the brutality of Argentine. Lientur, who assumes a de facto leadership role in the assembly as the leader of what some call the Actionist Party, undertakes a number of policies to accomplish this. The existing Mapuche army is expanded, separated from tribal institutions, and a professional officer cadre made up of Mapuche with experience in European-style armies is appointed. A mestizo, half-Dutch officer, Hendriks Lebian, is appointed to command the new force. Additionally, Mapuche is put forward internationally as a trading alternative to Argentine, hoping to undercut its economy, to all European countries with which it no longer trades. Mapuche also expands south along the coast the maximal amount it can, bringing southern Mapuche tribes under its protection. A fort is also constructed and garrisoned at Ainil (OTL Valdivia), and the surrounding Mapuche population offered refuge if necessary. The nation's few foundries are repurposed to produce weaponry, which is distributed to the natives fighting the Argentines, along with supplies and other unofficial aid. People are sent abroad to seek to hire those experienced in foundries and shipbuilding, as well as military advisors.
 * The Mapuche propose mutual defense pacts to Burgundy, Brésil and Peru, also seeking to improve trade relations with these countries (Mod Response, for Brésil and Peru).
 * The Mapuche send emissaries to the pope, asking that he condemn Argentine's rank violations of Catholic teachings.
 * I don’t know that as a native tribe If you’re able to send all these diplomats to nations, especially to the pope, as you most likely don’t have a way to get to these nations without having to cross through other nation’s territories. I’m not saying this because you aren’t playing against me, I am just pointing out some flaws. Also, how would you guys know about Catholic teachings? You are a very isolated tribe.
 * According to a recent mod event (1790s) there are three million Mapuche and they're aggressively committed to expansion. I think it's that grey Chile-like nation on the Pacific Coast alongside Argentina and south of Peru. Given its size, coastline, etc., all of that's pretty easy. As for Catholic teachings, one lovely (or bad, depends on your perspective) thing about the Catholic church is that it tends to proselytize rather aggressively. - Kras
 * Kingdom of Prussia: As the Kingdom begins to face the recession, for the poorest of citizens, “soup kitchens” are opened up. Signs of hope are made as some businesses begin to hire more as demand grows. Mining is slowed down to keep inflation rates low and keep the material value high in order for companies to make more money. As this is all going on, some lands that have been annexed by Prussia in the war against Saxony are returned to the vassal by only a low quantity in order for our main government to have better focus on a slightly smaller area and the Saxony government to administer the other regions under the Crown in Berlin. The idea of German Unification under the Prussian Crown grows. Seeing the rise of Napoleon again in the Rhine, we don't really do much except let it be - although King Maximilian sees this as a possible future threat. Construction of strategic fortifications along the Prussia-Rhine border is made. Saxonians who have lived in their new lands for another year are treated with respect and as “German brothers” as the locals would like to refer both groups. Reconstruction of damaged or destroyed zones are made which lead to more businesses being created to replace the properties that had been removed with more streets being added to extend towns and cities for more homes and such with the victims being given shelter. Some people who struggle to find work join the royal armed forces. Taxes are lowered on the poor and war victims with people in larger households also seeing lowered tax rates. King Maximilian takes advantage of this all in an attempt to make a strategy that would not only help the worst off but to also boost population growth and so far, it has worked. Bismark the statement continues to take part in the Diet of Berlin. Even with a recession, nothing could ruin the time that the Prussians have been having for the past year with people Still managing to make it by in the worst of times. Sugar is imported from plantations in the Colonial District of Greater Elfenbein and other nearby Colonies. Farming is expanded to increase the available food supply and also help lower the prices by decreasing rarity in goods.
 * C. D. of Greater Elfenbein: 4800 Prussian forces are sent to the port City and begin to fight off any African people's who disrupt our settlements with many being killed or arrested. The Prussians begin to make more businesses with merchants bringing back goods to the Kingdom in Europe with farmers building farms on the outskirts and deforested regions of the Port. More dockyards and such are made with us getting goods from a nearby French colony. Hans Freudder, an adventurer, Politician, and businessman is given a charter to establish an official colony to the West. The Port Town of Elfenbein is expanded 4 px inland to mark an official border of when the town ends. Sugar plantations are made and African People in the city are removed completely by force to keep the population purely German. Some religious missionaries with protection venture into border villages and interact with the native peoples while famed explorer Johann begins charting the uninhabited regions of the border of the District and also gets into politics and becomes Mayor of the town with another man establishing a small farm town in the district a bit to the north of the main settlement.
 * Russia: Colonization of the New World and modernization of the Pacific fleet continues.

1845
''' "F R E E, that spells FREE, industrial revolution early baby" We back fam, you know the deal. New turn, who dis? #Napoleon2020. Anyway, new turn, brought by Solace and the Night's Watch. '''

''' Napoleon II, as Chancellor of the Rhineland calls for the unification of a free German people and freedom and rights for people across Europe. To this end he issues the Proclamation of the Fundamental Rights of Man, in which he outlines the basic rights and liberties of all men. The governments across Europe take this as a threat and begin to be concerned about what the Rhineland might do to secure these rights. '''

''' The horrible economy that plagued Europe has finally been alleviated due to efforts by all major European nations. '''

''' The Republic of Texas secures its independence with British help. Aztlan is forced to come to the peace table and negotiations over the borders begin. '''
 * Belkan Federation: Even amidst the armistice Between Belka and Greece, Both nations are constantly working toward challenging the other one in military, in the preparation of breaking the armistice and conquering the other one. By the summer, the whole DMZ is lined with arms and military along both sides. The Holy mostly collapses this year, with only a scattered enclaves remaining in terrorist warfare. Pope Vodel disappears, along with a half dozen of his harem. Legends circulate that the largest credit toward the infiltration and undermining of the Holy State goes to the Scarlet Pimpernel, even though no clue to his identity is ever revealed. In Greece, a new government takes over, voting out Kostfolios. This new government purges out the MoI, and destroys all the internment camps they previously had. No word is ever heard of the Order of EZIC, even after the new government pardons their actions, leading to further  speculation. The Emirate of Krete under Prime Minister Abu Boris remains independent, and agrees to sell Malta to Burgundy in exchange for military aid. Meanwhile, in China Jakob Dimitiglou has fled from Belka and met up with his life-long companion, Ferdinand Kuchk. The two of them settle in their estate of Shenzhen. Ferdinand tells the Emperor of China that Belka has appointed him governor of the Shenzhen enclave, where he lives with Dimitiglou in peace. Jakob writes his last published work in China, called Checkmate. The book describes how the lifelong struggle between the Slavs and Arabs, stretching centuries back to the 15th Century, is finally rectified this day, as God's judgement for the Belka's wicked and inhuman deeds to the Arab people are finally put to rest. Dimitiglou is generally beloved by the people of Shenzhen, and he goes about daily to play games with the children there.
 * France: With rumors about Napoleon II rising in political power in the Rhineland, President Alarie takes up the chance of the alleviated economy to being reconstructing the military, as well as passing more conservative and republican reforms to continue to keep the economy of France rising. Railroads become more common place in France proper, although much of their usage is in the military and transportation-of-goods sector. Modern weaponry is sent to Ere to help in French colonial support due to their help in the Franco-Burgundian War, as well as due to recent reported attacks from neighboring tribes. More later.
 * Swahili: We continue colonial expansion in Northern Somalia, in the South and in the Malindi and Mombasa area. Colonization increases as medicine and weaponry become more widespread. The past decades were a period of growth in the Swahili scientific and technological fields followed by peace at the end of the civil war and a need for recovery. In the Swahili heartland, the profitability of cloth factories and cotton farming had led to a sharp increase in number of slaves. Foreign steam engines have been imported, though they are just used in madrassahs or in the homes of the rich as items of interest. More soldiers enter the Swazi land, now numbering 80,000, to assist them with defense. Several new roads are built in Aliwa and Rowzi to supply the soldiers. The marine launches an attack upon the Zulu coast.
 * Sefuwa: The colony of Sefuwa continues development.
 * Huriya: Political integration continues with Swahili bureaucrats being sent to oversee more political processes.
 * Rowzi: Political integration continues with Swahili bureaucrats being sent to oversee more political processes. As more soldiers enter Swazi, Rowzi is even more closely integrated to improve logistical efforts.


 * Republica Iberia: In 1845 Republica Iberia continues the reforms aimed at pulling Iberia into step with the rest of Europe. General Zapico, high commander of the Fuerzas Armadas de Iberia, continues his reforms of the Army, bringing it in line with French military strategy. His studies of the costly battles of the Franco-Burgundian war lead him to believe that the age of massed bayonet charges has come to an end. Thus he orders the Department of War to launch research into rapid-firing accurate rifles capable of stopping an infantry charge in its tracks. A reward of 10,000 Real is offered for any gunsmith who designs a breech-loading rifle capable of fire or more rounds per minute and light enough for use on horseback. While the Iberian weapons industry is small, the offer of 10,000 Real does encourage significant research into the concept by gunsmiths across the country. By the end of the year there are 12 different designs entered into the competition. After a few rounds of testing, the Sandoval Rifle and Carbine (OTL Sharps Rifle/Carbine) are chosen as the final design. Able to be fired from horseback, and with a rate of fire of approximately nine rounds a minute in the hands of a trained soldier, the weapon has an effective range of 450 meters, a barrel length of 30 inches in the rifle version, and a falling block action. Manufacturing is scheduled to commence in the coming year after further refinement of the design. The Brigada Rapida sent to defend Iberian West Africa is recalled from the colonies and replaced by the 13th Brigada Colonia. The government finally heeds calls to rebuild the antiquated and poorly run Iberian Navy which is comprised of only 35 very outdated ships of varying class, but none of which could be considered comparable to a modern second class ship of the line. Unfortunately for the office of the admiralty there is little money for the construction of new ships but the congress does agree to the principle that the fleet should be eighty strong with at least ten first-rate ships. The government commissions another public works project for northern Iberia which has faced spotty growth concentrated in urban areas. The project rebuilds the road network between Catalonia, Castile and Asturias. Additionally, a series of locations are surveyed along the pyrenees mountains as sites for fortifications. The works projects of Andalucia and the National Bank contribute to strong economic recovery as the effects of the crisis wear-off. Growth in the coal and iron industries in central Iberia is still stunted by low demand, but the glut of cheap iron suddenly leads to a boom in growth in Catalonia and Asturias. The first steam mills as they are called open in Barcelona and Bilbao, two of the largest and most modern cities in Iberia. The regions of Asturias and Galicia both see several water powered factories appear producing everything from textiles to plows and farming equipment. The subsequent demand for materials leads to general economic recovery by November of 1845, and production of cotton in the Andalucia looks likely to increase in the next year. The construction of a rail-line begins between Lisbon and Madrid, two of the principal cities of Iberia.
 * En las Antillas Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of sugar for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other sugar producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En las Indias Orientales Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of spices for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other spice producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En África Ocidental Ibérica: Colonial governor, Santiago Fernández continues his expansion plans up the coast toward Maghreb after driving off the Africans last years. With the deployment of the Brigada Colonia the colony is well defended and expansion is rapid (50 px expansion)
 * United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland: Since the republic of Tejas won we withdraw our soldiers from the borders of Tejas and say job well done. Napoleon is back in Germany, whatever. Lots of fears about that. Well done to Robert Peel for fixing the economy. England has 14.4 million people and inside of that London has a population of 1.4 million, Wales has 1.1 million, Ireland has 6.6 million people, and Scotland 2.6 million. In Britain, based in southern England, the army rests at 10,000 professionals with 5000 men in Ireland. There are two fleets: one at Portsmouth and one at Bristol, each comprise ten first-rate ships-of-the-line, 24 second-rate ships-of-the-line and 50 frigates. The number of railways being built increases with connections between the coal mines and industry towns on the north. Industry is expanding quickly due to Britain's trade networks. The gold rush continues as more people move to Uluru and others are transported. Further prospecting continues in search of more precious minerals. Seeing everyone else so eager to get into Africa the British government agrees to support the work of Catholic missionaries to travel down and find the source of the Nile and they set off south. Previously unknown Potato blight strikes the potato crop in Ireland. The government makes no move to intervene for now.
 * India: The movement of goods to Europe speeds up again. Further training of a central army. The British take possession of Rohtasgarh Fort and start work on upgrading it with the use of local labour to improve the walls by making them smaller and thicker as well as building blockhouses. This should turn it into a strategic fortress. Work on the strategic fortress at Rajapuri continues and will be finished next year.
 * Mapuche Diplomacy: The Mapuche request a free trade agreement with Britain, and are also willing to give British entrepreneurs access to Mapuche guano and copper mines, in return for improved development and part of the revenues.
 * Argentine: Seeing the recession dying down in Europe, trade is fully reopened with Europe, but with higher tariffs to help with inflation. We continue to fight off the natives in our rightful land, and inform the Mapuche that we have not yet attacked them yet. General Charles’ war crimes are exposed by escaped fugitives and soldiers who defected from him, and he is court marshaled, but nothing else is done, which gains a lot of criticism. Antoine leads a massive peasant strike in the largest city in the south, which is also one of the poorest due to their agricultural nature, the strike is brutally put down, but not before many soldiers and people are killed, and with Antoine and 50 others associated and apart of the strike escape and disappear into the night, a growing sense of southern pride and nationalism develops after this event, and many southern news papers call for independence. Orélie-Antoine de Tounens, the leader of the strikers, is praised by journalists and peasants, and his philosophy and ideology is shared from town to town in the south. The Noe court marshaled general Charles is very anti-southern, and is opposed to the southern Fight form independence, and calls for military action, which gains him a lot of support from people of the army and the north. Orélie-Antoine de Tounens is revered as a “People’s King” my the media and many southerners, and many wish to see him on an actual thrown. We continue to settle are southern lands and arm the incoming settlers of Patagonië with weapons and horses, so they can fight off Indian raids. A conservative is elected in the Argentine National Elections, and Calls for the end to the native uprisings, and vows to end the Indian scoundrels once and for all, which scared many liberals, later this year though, he would be impeached for a dirty scandal, which throws the leadership into chaos when new elections are called upon, Charles sees his chance. The economy continues to experience inflation, but at least hasn’t gone into chaos, with it staying releativly stable. Argentinian nationalism rises in the north, while it still heavily decreases in the south.
 * Russia: Colonization of the Rockies and the Great Basin continues. Modernization of Pacific FLeet continues.
 * The Mapuche are utterly unconvinced by Argentine's lying platitudes, with reformist politicians noting that they have spent decades killing and enslaving the Mapuche peoples of Patagonië, even if they are not under the official government of the Mapuche state. Lientur, who officially assumes the title of Paramount Chieftain of the Mapuche Confederation this year, repeats in the Assembly of Chiefs that "We shall not stand by as members of our people are massacred and enslaved by Argentine. The Argentine tyrants have no right to Mapuche lands, and whatever rights they could claim they have lost by their inhuman brutality. They stand condemned by all laws of God and man alike." Whipped into anger by politicians and Mapuche priests, the population supports higher rates of taxation - sustained by the exports of copper, silver and guano - to sustain the construction of state-backed foundries for weaponry, the import of those weapons that cannot be domestically produced, and the expansion and retraining of a more professional military. The Andean passes are fortified this year with artillery and blockhouses, and supply lines and roads to the fortifications improved, although explosives are emplaced to enable these roads' destruction if necessary. Basic infrastructure to support a large call-up of ideologically motivated but untrained civilians is set up, with local authority figures encouraged to organize and train part-time battalions. Meanwhile, Mapuche agents are sent out into unsettled Patagonië to distribute arms to the tribes resisting the Argentines, to help them organize better military forces and fortifications, and to establish political ties. The Mapuche state expands farther south along the coast, establishing a clear land bridge of territorial control to the unsettled areas of Patagonië, and bringing more Mapuche tribes under its protection.
 * An offer of official protection is made to the Mapuche tribes along the threatened by Argentine expansion (Mod Response).
 * Mutual defense pacts are again offered to Burgundy, Brésil, and Peru (Mod Response for the last two).
 * Argentinian Politicians and military tacticians shrug and say that it’s their choice to believe that we are invading them or not, but claim that we have not enslaved any of their peoples, and show physical proof of Indian war prisoners being released and a charter being agreed on between the indian chiefs and Argentine Leaders to exchange military prisoners after war is done. We also tell these confused natives that we court marshaled general Charles for enslaving “your” people. We also laugh at the Mapuche trying to make diplomacy with the people who are descendants of those who fought off the Mapuche and their fellow natives and also murdered many natives while trying to take their land.
 * The Mapuche are overjoyed to see that Argentine has recognized the injustice of murdering the native population of a region and taking their land. The Assembly of Chieftains politely suggests that Argentine stop doing this, and cease expanding its borders by military force, instead allowing the native population of northern Patagonië to govern themselves. the Assembly notes further, that, as the native population of this region speaks the Mapuche language and comes from the same cultural group as the Mapuche Confederation, it feels obligated to defend them against such unjust murder and theft, and will continue to do so. Finally, the Assembly remarks that civilized peoples like the Mapuche view enslaving prisoners as a crime worthy of a punishment greater than being courtmartialed, and finds it sad that Argentine does not share this view.


 * Aztlan: Aztlan knowing about the earlier failures against England knows it needs allies and attempts to improve its relationship with the nations of Russia, Scandinavia, Argentine, Prussia, and even their old enemy, Iberia. They start this by guaranteeing the safety of the Russian colonies in the New World.
 * Kingdom of Prussia: seeing how Napoleon has so far done some things that Maximilian The Great has found fascinating, he decides to implement more freedoms for local government powers and such. Limited rights to freedom of speech is also made in a document known as “The People's Rights” which will have new amendments added when needed. The Diet of Berlin and Bismark even as conservative, finds this as a good move for a brighter future for citizens of Prussia. With a roaring Prussians Economy and a Bull Market, productions of manufactured goods rise and crops begin to be produced with greater quantity with goods that have a surplus in quantity are distributed to the international market as imported goods with other foods given to the poor to make meals and such for the worst off. An experiment is tested to make “Work Houses” in which the unemployed citizens go to look for work via applications and hired officials sent out to gather information from cities and towns for businesses looking to hire workers. One of the top vacation destinations of the year is to the Prussian Colonial District in Africa called Elfenbein. Businesses invest in the prospects of a true colony that was given the all clear by the government last year to be called Hilusein just on the outskirts from the border of Elfenbein with the first towns being planned out and construction being made by Prussian investors to build homes and such. Napoleon is invited to a ball to celebrate the New Year in Berlin by Maximilian hoping to not only introduce him to Prussia and a new leadership of a neighboring state and as a form of hospitality but to also help better relations between once rivaling nations.

1846
''' Time to take this more seriously that I have been. New turn from Solace and the Night's Watch. '''

''' The newest Persian monarch has decided that the state of Persia would do better independently than in a dual monarchy with the Arabians. The Arabian monarch does not feel the same, and after a failed assassination attempt by the Arabs against the Persian monarch, civil war breaks out in Arabia-Persia between the Arabs and the Persians. '''

''' The Potato blight begins as potato crops all over Europe are damaged with Ireland mainly being the biggest issue but also problems in Burgundy and Prussia. This potato blight could kill thousands. Be warned. '''

''' In the Rhineland, Napoleon II continues to make speeches and vague threats about spreading revolution and liberty to all parts of the continent. Pro-Germania factions begin to rally in Austria, causing the Austrian government to worry about the threat of revolution. '''


 * Belkan Federation: Under pursuit of multiple internal parties in the Supreme Soviet, and the various legislative circles in Belka, a vote of no confidence is held in the current Vozhd Jorji Cosova and flash elections are held the first in Belkan history but outlined in the constitution. Vozhd Corsova declines a public appearance over the matter and resigns in short order refusing to cause a major issue over the debacle. An increasingly popular figure known as Vladimir Dracultesti coming from the long established Dracultesti family that not only created Belka, but led it and its predecessors for centuries, takes center stage in the Supreme Soviet. It is revealed that the Senator of the Soviet, exiled from his home in Bulgaria just outside Sofiya has spearheaded the vote of no confidence and specifically has taken control of the flash elections. While the civil war has been devastating it is believed his strategy to not only reverse the damage done as well as reunify Belka and discard the Armistice being increasingly seen as unpopular, will effectively Bring Belka out of its dark age. In a shocking display of political maneuvering and through sheer tenacity and his execelent oratory skills he is elected as the Vozhd of Belka in short order less than three months into the year. His policies for the discarding of the armistice shock the Greek confederation which in all of its leaders were fully expecting to see last a bit longer so as to allow the All-Belka party a better defensive position. Vozhd Dracultesti wastes no time in sacking much of the Belkan higher command as he promotes multiple generals, and implements a supreme commander to take effective control of all the Belkan military operations. Georgy Zaiyetsev is given total command of the Federal armies and while tired, the change up in command is welcomed as the ineffective strategies of the previous generals has left a sour taste in the mouths of both sides. the Greek Federation in all attempts is forced to take the first action refusing to allow Zaiyetsev to marshall the Federal armies. Seemingly disorganized the Federal forces are marshalled effectively around Belgrad, the Belkan capital with the trenchworks previously manned being abandoned in favor of restoring a mobile force. Now labeled as the Greesaya Separatists, the Separatist forces march into Belka quickly overruning the breastworks on the border only to discover a wide open pathway to Belgrad straight toward the marshalling grounds. In a quick action the Separatists push Nis under their most popular and well decorated general, Ivan Korolev. He reaches the town of Gadzhin Han planning on using the railways and highways to push the preassure on Belgrad and end the war by effectively taking their Federal counterpart's capital and forcibly reunifying the state. This turns to be a full on fallacy as Zaiyetsev springs an unexpected trap. Using the hills and mountains overlooking the town he traps the advanced units in the mostly evacuated town and bombards them with artillery. With so much of the Separatist Army at play, and with nearly 40,000 men to lose in the advance guard alone Korolev commits to battle hoping to break the not fully marshalled Federal armies (still semi disorganized from their shuffling of command structure). This proves to be false as Zaiyetsev refuses to break away and commits to a full scale battle lasting nearly six days. It is a desperate struggle. The Separatists bringing nearly 100,000 men combat roughly 130,000 Federal troops. The battle is pitched on many occasions and while the trap was sprung the Federal forces saw many of its regiments suffer anywhere from 60-80% casualties in the first few days. Zaiyetsev refuses to give in as he erects hasty breastworks on the hills above the town forcing the Separatists to charge them in order to break the Army of the Danube (the main Federal army in the field currently ready for battle). This is almost successful as they nearly cut the army in two but a courageous and almost certainly doomed to fail charge ends up capturing nearly 11,000 Separatists troops turning their right flank and allowing the badly battered army of the Danube to regain initiative. The pitched six day battle comes to a close as the Separatists are defeated, not only saving Belgrad but also effectively solidifying Vozhd Vladimir's strategy. While pursuit is limited, the DMZ in Bulgaria is lifted and the Danube army after two months of rest push deep into Bulgaria threatening the regional capital of Sofiya. With now all the time in the world and the Separatists being forced very clearly on the defensive it has become very clear the Belkan war machine, left dormant in its northern reaches has returned. While the Separatists accept all sorts of volunteers and even resort to conscripts the Federal forces have very clearly benefitted from the shuffle in government and command structure bringing much more well prepared and trained troops as well as marshalling together nearly three more huge armies of nearly 200,000 a piece. Zaiyetsev refuses to give way or respite to Korolev's army and he brutally hammers them in a two-month winter campaign hoping to more or less bleed the Separatists dry. one of the newly raised armies, lower on equipment than the others is tasked to keep the peace at home and begins rooting out the further remnants of the holy state pacifying the remainderr of their lightly held territory while the other two armies push toward Gressaya and the last circles around to push on Vasiligrad albeit blunted by the 120,000 strong Separatist army raised to hold them at bay. While the civil war still rages on, it has become clear that the Federal forces have embarked on one of the only effective offensives of the war. Interestingly enough the Belkan navy having been holed up in the Adriatic makes some of its first appearances, too, beginning its own somewhat lacking offensive on the Separatist navy. While casualties are high the navy is able to replace its losses while the Separatists know they cannot keep up with the production capabilities of the much more populous and industrialized north. The Separatists hope to gain international recognition but their lackluster military performance this year has proven that an impossibility. The Federal units on the other hand begin planning deeper offensives into the Separatist territories emboldened by this years victories. The Industrial potential in the north now begins to become more focused and realized as many factories are retooled for war finally bringing much needed munitions and equipment to bear on the North's ever increasing military numbers. The new Vozhd and the Supreme Soviet agree fully on further emergency powers to be granted to the Vozhd as he orders the conscription of nearly 500,000 more men simply hoping to human wave the Separatists into the ground. While this could very well be the case, other elements of trenches and breastworks erected in previous years and recently give some breathing room to the Separatists. However, seeing Zaiyetsev's willingness to commit to huge amounts of casualties to great success their morale begins to run thin after years of debilitating war. With the civil war more or less having taken a decisive move into the Federals advantage, Vozhd Dracultesti issues the proclamation for the end of Slavery in Belka officially terminating slavery across all of Belka's states and territories. In other news the striking victories won by the Federal armies has granted a massive upswing in support for the government. In a stunning show of technical aptitude three 55-gun steamships are rolled out of the shipyards in Trieste.


 * Argentine: Wow ... May I just say that was a real jerk move from you guys? Having Arabia-Persia be in a civil war so I couldn’t be the nation? Wow, what a real jerk move. Southern Revolutionaries fire upon Argentinian soldiers in a small village down south. peasants manage to find Antoine in an old cottage on the border with Chile and carry him to Grand Orleans, the largest city in the south, and with him, fight off the occupying soldiers, and manage to occupy the City Hall, which used to be used as the governor-general’s palace back in colonial times, so it is used for Antoine. After the soldiers retreated as they were being slaughtered by revolutionaries and rioters, The rebels carried Antoine into the City Hall, and two hours later, he declared the created of the ”Kingdom of Patagonië and Argene” and proclaimed himself Orélie-Antoine I of Patagonië and Argenes. With this proclaimation, strikers, Rebels and settlers all cheer, and yell anti-Argentine words and yell “Vive La Roi!”. The Argentinian government does not recognize this proclamation, and orders for all troops in the region to form up and march on Grand Orleans. The new kingdom continues the Native-Argentinian wars, and Orélie-Antoine I vows to kick every native out of Patagonië.
 * The Civil War was planned prior, so calm down. -Sol
 * The Mapuche Confederacy continue its adoption of new policies, particularly expansion of the regular military and state-encouraged development of the economy. The governments' friendliness toward European investors, and willingness to offer them mineral concessions, begins to pay off as foreign capital facilitates the development of improved infrastructure and better exploitation of minerals. Revenues are redirected toward the military, including the fortification of the Andean passes, although secure fortifications are also constructed in Mapuche territories east of the Andes, along with well-stocked supply dumps including food and ammunition. A recruitment campaign begins among the Mapuche tribes of the pampas to improve the Mapuche Confederacy's cavalry force, particularly from those tribes with extensive experience fighting the Argentines, while artillery training and equipment is improved with the aid of European advisors. The government partners with chiefs and private Mapuche investors to purchase outdated European whalers and merchant ships, hiring Europeans to captain and officer them where necessary, thus giving the government access to a semi-private fleet that could act as a (derelict) navy in time of war. It also develops its port facilities to sustain whalers in the South Pacific, and a few Mapuche, with experience as crew, begin engaging in the industry themselves as shipowners and captains. Expansion southward continues and aid, especially weaponry, is sent to tribes resisting Argentine expansion. Late in the year, an escaped Mapuche tribesman formerly enslaved in Argentine territory arrives in the Confederacy's territory, where he whips up widespread popular anger, appealing to the population in religious terms and criticizing the injustice and brutality of Argentine expansion. With official cooperation, he is sent into Argentine territory along with French-speaking Mapuche priests, who preach to the Argentine peasantry, criticizing the brutality that their government has inflicted on an innocent man, and reminding them that the Papacy has officially condemned such unjust expansion and enslavement (in the encyclical Dilexit Deus. They condemn that Argentine government as heretical, to the religion of its own people.
 * Offers of protection are again extended to the tribes of southern Patagonië threatened by Argentine expansion (Mod Response).
 * For the third year, diplomats offer mutual defense pacts to Brésil and Peru (Mod Responses?).
 * Peru accepts. -Sol
 * We tell the Mapuche that the papacy has not made any official statement on the Argentine government, and also tells the Mapuche to “suck it up” as we do not care about what the Mapuche think, nor do we care about what they see our expansion in our territory as, as we have not actively encouraged, nor allowed the enslavement or mistreatment of natives, and follow accordingly with Holy Law. Now for Patagonië, the peasants laugh and reject the preacher sent by the Mapuche, and tell him to reread the Argentinian Turn again, and tell the preacher that Patagonië doesn’t care for what the Mapuche think, and vow to continue fighting the natives to keep their new land. This claim is further enforced by Orélie-Antoine I, who repeated his stance and policies on native rebels in his territory. 
 * You need to chill out. -Sol


 * Salish Nation: It's been quite a ride, but this nation is dead. An emissary is sent to the British, requesting a protectorate be established for protection from Russia. And with that, I leave the helm.
 * Ethiopian Empire: Ioshua continues to build his confidence in the people and vice versa. There are now sprawling oat and grain fields around Lake Turkana with the Output of the area producing almost 20% of agriculture in the nation. Ioshua continues to hunt for gold in areas surrounding the Empire to further boost the economy. Researchers from the multiple colleges are sent into the wilderness to examine the species of Ethiopia. The Nile fleet has been almost completely rebuilt. Westernization of the Imperial guards continues at a moderate pace. The Emperor offers food stuffs to the highest bidder in Europe hearing of the Potato Blight.


 * Kingdom of Burgundy: Patagonië expands 50 px. In New Zeeland, a colonial government is formally established following the Treaty of Waitangi, and begins buying lands from local tribes to help consolidate its position. In Europe, with the purchase of Malta, a naval squadron arrives to formally take possession of the island. A garrison is placed on the island, and it becomes the home port for the Burgundian Royal Navy’s Mediterranean Division, to oversea and protect Burgundian commerce and interests in the Mediterranean. Back home King Lodewijk passes away in his sleep, and Crown Prince Willam, an accomplished battlefield commander with a reputation for success in the war with France, ascends as Willam II. Having firsthand frontline experience, orders the fortification of the French border. The strategic fortresses of Mons and Troyes are upgraded, and Sens begins being fortified into a strategic fortress as well. The cities of Amiens and Sint Quintin, while not becoming strategic fortresses, receive heavy fortifications. Due to the fortifying being largely run by Herzog Jakob van Waterloo, it informally becomes known as the “Waterloo Line”. After several years of lobbying, Grand Admiral Cornelis van Roosevelt gets the States-General to approve the order for a new class of ships of the line, 90 guns, but powered by steam, called the Elisabeth de Eisen-class.


 * Republica Iberia: In 1846 Republica Iberia continues the reforms aimed at pulling Iberia into step with the rest of Europe. General Zapico, high commander of the Fuerzas Armadas de Iberia, continues his reforms of the Army, bringing Sandoval Rifles into service in the Brigada Assalta and a carbine version into service with the Brigada Rapida and Brigada Colonia. The Sandoval Rifles prove effective, and after a few design tweaks to improve operability after a field study enhance the design. The changes range from improved sights to a sharper shear on the block to aid in loading, additionally By November a factory in Barcelona is producing the rifles at a respectable rate. The military believes it will have produced enough of the weapons for the entire army within ten years. The government finally heeds calls to rebuild the antiquated and poorly run Iberian Navy, unfortunately there is a problem, Iberian shipyards remain well behind the modern European standard. In order to rectify this investment is made to rebuild the shipyards and improve the Iberian ability to construct modern combat vessels. Meanwhile, the navy begins exploring requirements for new classes of ships to fill out the Iberian Navy. The government commissions another public-works project for northern Iberia which has faced spotty growth concentrated in urban areas. The project rebuilds the road network between Catalonia, Castile and Asturias. Construction begins on the fortifications determined in the previous year. Industrialization of Northern Iberia continues as hard-coal mines in the Asturias begin raising production after the glut in supply is used up. The iron industry booms around Toledo and large textile plants open across Catalonia. Cotton from the increasingly productive Andalucia floods into these mills. The growth continues across Much of Iberia, with Portugal facing some economic challenges but still receiving the benefits of the growth elsewhere. Farming flourishes in the South as the large system of water management allows some farmers to grow two crops in a single year. The rail line between Madrid and Lisbon is completed and while the line is not hugely successful, several other companies begin construction of railways across Catalonia and Andalusia. Unfortunately, Iberia’s mountainous terrain prohibits the use of many imported trains. This encourages the development of new locomotives designed for a variety of terrains.
 * En las Antillas Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of sugar for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other sugar producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En las Indias Orientales Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of spices for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other spice producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En África Ocidental Ibérica: Colonial governor, Santiago Fernández continues his expansion plans up the coast toward Maghreb after driving off the Africans last years. With the deployment of the Brigada Colonia the colony is well defended and expansion is rapid (50 px expansion)
 * Aztlan: Aztlan decides to ask Russia if they would like us to send food to aid their people (Mod Response) and wants to make a trade agreement with the Mapuche. (mod response again)
 * The Mapuche accept Aztlan's offered trade agreement.
 * Argentine: We blockade Mapuche.
 * Aztlan: Tells Argentine to lift the blockade or be embargoed.
 * Argentine: We tell Aztec we don’t care if they embargo us or not, as we don’t really trade with them, and plus, any nation that supports Mapuche with trade will be met with a blockade around Mapuche, as we claim Mapuche lands.
 * Aztlan: We really just said that to not escalate this too quickly we send a trade ship escorted by a large naval force to meet the blockade demanding they lift it or our ships will attack.
 * We tell Aztlan that if they attack, this will be a declaration of war, and the trading vessels will also be destroyed. 80 ships are blockading the Mapuche’s small coast.
 * The Mapuche take the attempted blockade as the act of war that it is. They seize the opportunity of Argentine distraction with their ongoing civil war. 140,000 relatively well-trained and equipped (and highly motivated by reports of Argentine brutality against their kinsmen in southern Patagonië) reserve forces are mobilized, leavened by 20,000 European advisors and regular army forces to provide experience. Chiefs and priests alike urge the troops to free their brethren and remove the power of the Argentines to steal their land and enslave them through military victory. Other troops or reserve forces are kept to defend the Andean fortifications, if necessary. Using the well-supplied fortifications constructed east of the Andes as bases, this “Army of the Colorado” advances down the valley into Argentine territory. The well-trained cavalry forces, who number 40,000 of the total force already mentioned, are made up of experienced pampas horsemen of Mapuche origin with decades of experience resisting Argentine encroachment. They screen this force’s advance, while spreading out to attack Argentine supply lines and plunder settlements, expelling settlers northward. By advancing down the Colorado, Argentine forces in Patagonië fighting the natives there are cut off from their supplies, while supplies can be shipped down the Colorado or plundered from settlers to feed Mapuche forces. Preexisting native forces, who have been armed and advised by the Mapuche for years while fighting the Argentines, provide another 20,000 troops who pin the Argentines in Patagonië and prevent them from concentrating their forces. Fortified posts, surrounded by extensive breastworks and entrenchments, are constructed to defend territorial gains, and particularly to block fords over the Colorado River. Mapuche cavalry forces and raiders spread out northward, and are encouraged to destroy roads and bridges to make it impossible for Argentine forces moving southward in any future counterattack to maintain supply lines. Where crops and livestock north of the Colorado cannot be stolen, they are burned in the fields or killed and left to rot, respectively. Wells and water sources to the north – a vital concern in the dry pampas region – are poisoned or spoiled with dead livestock. Mapuche troops are instructed to scrupulously respect religious property, while any prisoners of war are sent back over the Andes under guard, where they are imprisoned, but not compelled to do any forced labour, other than cultivating their own food. Meanwhile, the rudimentary Mapuche navy is deployed against the Argentine navy - presumably badly damaged by rounding Cape Horn - and prevented from establishing a blockade. OOC: to quote the rules "You will specifically have to keep track of how many ships your nation maintains (if you don't it will be assumed you do not have a navy or it is in port and will not be used)." The Argentine player hasn't done this and hence lacks a navy.
 * The Mapuche propose to Peru that it take the opportunity of Argentine distraction to take the valuable silver mines in OTL Boliva by attacking Argentine. Similar suggestions are sent to Brésil (Mod Responses).
 * We arrest the Mapuche diplomats that cross through are territory, if any. We also point out that Maryland hasn’t listed their ships either, and so therefore “lacks a navy”.
 * Aztlan: Naval force attacks the Argentine navy and in a bloody battle defeats a fleet that was met and docks in the Mapuche port and then sends more men to help the land war against Argentine as well as have the navy help liberate Mapuche ports.
 * A mod needs to strike this, as this isn’t allowed by the rules of this map game. We need to do this battle/ war on the algorithm. Nevertheless, you just pulled yourself into a pointless war, I have no idea why you need to support these natives, they don’t even have guns!
 * Again, the Mapuche have been a centralized state since the 1700s, per mod events, so they've had decades - and, given the threat of Europeans, the incentive - to buy, and develop the infrastructure to make, guns. It might also be worth noting that even Native American cultures without such infrastructure were easily able to get guns OTL, because they bought them. It's weird how you keep seeming that surprised native states didn't do absolutely nothing to adapt to colonization!
 * Argentine, I don't understand why this angers you. I won only one battle and I am in the process of sending reinforcements. You can still react. I don't want you to think that I am trying to screw you over or get into a random argument. I am simply stating my move. Don't get triggered and keep cool. I'm sorry if I riled you up but I'm just trying to play the game. No need for you to get mad.
 * OK, let's take a step back and start laying down the law here. Aztlan needs to defeat the Argentine fleet and Mapuche fleet can't leave until it defeats the blockading ships. At the same time Argentine needs to tell me what kind of ships they are and can't send 80 since a battlegroup is about maximum of 50. I would like you all to just discuss this and resolve it but if not since none of you have listed naval numbers, none of you will have a navy. I expect algos with this war. Play nicely or I won't. Person. 
 * United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland: With the beginning of the Great Irish Famine, the government stops the export of food temporarily and removes tariffs on food entering Ireland. Several companies offer to transport Irish people out of the worst affected areas t von, Wales has 1.1 million, Ireland has 6.6 million people, and Scotland 2.6 million. In Britain, based in southern England, the army rests at 10,000 professionals with 5000 men in Ireland. There are two fleets: one at Portsmouth and one at Bristol, each comprise ten first-rate ships-of-the-line, 24 second-rate ships-of-the-line and 50 frigates. The number of railways being built increases with connections between the coal mines and industry towns on the north. Industry is expanding quickly due to Britain's trade networks. The gold rush continues as more people move to Uluru and others are transported. Further prospecting continues in search of more precious minerals. The expedition down the Nile returns having taken casualties but they can testify that the Nile is very long. Finding a cure for the tropical diseases becomes important but isn't managed yet. Work on the ports in British North Africa is begun to expand their capacity.
 * India: The movement of goods to Europe speeds up again. Further training of a central army. The British continue work on Rohtasgarh Fort. Work on the strategic fortress at Rajapuri is finished.

1847
'''After years of reform and change many poor, older and traditionalist people are upset with whoever rules Japan. This bubbles over to rioting in Osaka as a mob begins lynching and attacking Catholics, Europeans and a trade ship from the colonies is boarded and burned. '''

'''Some stuff happens in Laurentia, need people to do algos, please.  The potato blight continues affecting areas - especially Ireland - but Prussia and Burgundy as aforementioned. '''
 * There is a completed algo on the talk page for mods to check over, when possible. I can explain all the assumptions in it, if needed. - Kras


 * Argentine: This might be the last time you see me write a turn as Argentine, as I’ve gotten sort of bored with it, plus I would like to be Egypt (or maybe another country, depends). Oh, and mods, if I am not allowed to do this, don’t get mad at me for it, as I’ve sent message after message to scraw (and person) and neither have responded. So with that, I wish the mods to please continue the Argentine legacy in Mod Events, and I also promise to do my War algo for the Native-Argentinian Wars, and this weird pointless conflict with Aztlan. Two Diplomats from the Kingdom of Patagonië and Argenes, who were former plantation owners, that then sold their land after the ban on slavery, and went to work for the city council, arrive in New Vichy, and meet their Argentine counterparts. Both parties exchange dirty looks and glares, but quickly get back to business, and sit down at a table. They are here on the account that their two governments have agreed to negotiate a loose and temporal alliance against the utterly confused and annoying Mapuche, and the Aztecs, who again, I don’t understand why they care about some minor Indian tribe in Laurentina. The four diplomats exchange their requests and proposals of their governments, some of them demands, but eventually all come to a final agreement, and the temporal alliance is established between the two political entities, with both hoping to drive out the pesky Indians and Aztecs. Argentinian and Patagoniën soldiers are ordered to withdraw fire, and to stand guard. A temporary ceasefire is declared on the frontlines between North and South Argentine. Antoine, the new king of Patagonië, is pleased with the results, and orders for his “soldiers” (more like armed peasants and militiamen) to move toward the southern region, where native tribes, totally unrelated to the Mapuche, are still putting up heavy resistance, but are still swiftly being knocked out by the modernized forces of Patagonië. Argentinian soldiers are allowed to cross the frontlines in order to aid the Patagoniën soldiers, though each side still exchanges grunts and looks to each other as the Argentinians pass by. The Mapuche An warriors are meant at the southern border, and soon fighting begins, with The allied armies having the over all advantage. Our naval blockade of Mapuche territory and ports continues, and is still relatively successful. 30 brigs are featured in the blockade with some En Flûtes also featured (ten), and the rest being man-of-war ships. Our economy is rising back up to its feet, with inflation shrinking by the day. Argentinian nationalism increases in the North, and continues to decrease in the South. Former-General Charles wins election, and is sworn into Prime Ministership. He begins to plan a more brutal, but very strategic and detailed, campaign against the Natives and Mapuche.
 * I'm pretty sure - and I think mods will back me up here - that you need to mention the ships in advance of any war and cannot invent them during a war. Also, Argentina at this time had a fleet consisting of a few gunboats and schooners that was incapable of rounding Cape Horn (the only time it was deployed in the 1840s was in the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Vuelta_de_Obligado) ... so blockading the whole Chilean coasts seems pretty ludicrous for a nation with an even smaller coast than OTL Argentine to do. Also, if Argentine is now two countries I'm pretty sure you can only control one of the two.
 * Um, no. I didn’t blockade the “whole Chilean Coast”. I never even said anything about blockading Chile! I am blockading your little tribe. Also, why would person say for me to list my ship types if they wouldn’t matter in the end? Look, I don’t know where you are coming from, but I’ve been playing this game longer then you have, so I know the rules. You just joined, and you think you are so smart, and that everyone else is stupid, which I do not like. I know the rules, and the player may control the other faction in their civil war as they please, just look at past civil wars and Belka for gosh sakes!
 * My nation is the blue one where OTL Chile is (there is no ATL Chile; look at the nations page). Consequently, you have a huge length of coast to blockade and cannot do so effectively, even if you actually did have a large navy, especially since it is one of the world's stormiest and most difficult to sail coastal areas. Per the rules, you have to list ships in the years before a war to establish the existence of navy, so you probably have no navy; per logic and comparison to the OTL Argentine fleet, your navy, if it exists, is definitely small and incapable of an effective blockade. Note: I'm totally willing to accept that I also have no navy, since I didn't mention specifics either. Also, please remain polite; I'm not insulting you, and I'd like you to return the courtesy - Kras
 * Kras has been here since 2014 (under his first account). Meanwhile, you've only joined the wiki as of last year. Furthermore, he has played PMIV (and past PM games before, I believe) before as Sakha, therefore, he is well acquainted with the rules. You have ignored the validity and relevance of his arguments, in addition to insulting him and erroneously asserting that Chile and the Mapuche are two distinct entities–which is just one out of many things you've stated that are false. While you are in no obligation to listen to me, please keep your discussions civil at the very least and do not internalize corrections and take them personally.
 * Look Kras, PMIV is different from the previous PM map games, as it has different rules. Person would have said I don’t have a navy if I didn’t list anything already, but what’s this? He hasn’t told me I don’t have a navy yet? And instead told me to list my ships right now? AMAZING. For the record, I apologize for the the huge mistake in where your nation is located, as I thought it was some isolated tribe down in Patagonië. But futhurmore this just makes the whole “Argentine Slaughtering Mapuche” more silly and made up, as I never invaded Chile’s OTL territory, nor did I ever say i was invading Mapuche territory, so I still don’t know why you became so hostile toward me (though I do believe Mapuche did inhabit southern Patagonië so that’s one thing). Anyway, I apologize for my lack of knowledge of PMIV geography. Oh and why are you comparing my nation with an OTL one? That’s like comparing Aztlan’s army with the Mexican one in OTL, it’s totally different. So I don’t know why you act as if everything in Argentine is exactly the same as in OTL, as it is not. 
 * Why are you so condescending toward Kras? Indeed, while the bulk of the Mapuche reside in Chile, a third of them reside in Argentina. Remember, Patagonië encompasses not only lands subject to the jurisdiction of Argentina, but as well as Chile IRL (or the Mapuche in this case). Furthermore, his judgement is justified, as during this time Argentina did not have any warship at all, while the Chileans had five (this is prior to the Argentine-Chilean naval arms race which lasted from the 1870s to the British-arbitrated Pacts of May in 1902).
 * With the Argentines (the Mapuche see no difference between the civil war's two sides) having elected the person responsible for brutalizing and enslaving their ethnic kinsmen to be Prime Minister, the Mapuche are whipped up to a higher degree of nationalistic anger, as well as a desperation to free Patagonië to prevent the enslavement of their fellows from being re-established. Reinforcements are dispatched to the forces in Argentine territory, along with supplies carried over the purpose-built Andean infrastructure projects of the past few years. Refugees from the potato blight in Europe are taken in and offered land concessions for military service, particularly those with military experience. Also, Afro-Argentines are recruited into a special battalion, offered high wages and warned of the threat of enslavement under Prime Minister Charles, which they find highly motivating, having only been emancipated in the past decade. As the Argentines counterattack, Mapuche cavalry spreads north to outflank them and cut their supply lines, already tenuous due to the Mapuche use of scorched earth tactics to devastate central Argentine last year. Otherwise, the Mapuche rely on defending the trenches and fortifications built last year to hold the Argentines at the and keep their territorial gains. Nationalist politicians and priests preach of the secular and religious duty to triumph in the war to Mapuche troops, who are also encouraged by their freedom to plunder Argentine territory. The Mapuche easily trade with the world through the many ports that the tiny Argentine fleet (OOC: which, again, probably doesn't exist, per the rules; the rest of this only qualifies if it does) cannot blockade. Meanwhile, the Mapuche use their fleet, as described in 1844, made up of about thirty-five repurposed sloops originally used for whaling, and concentrate it in one of the many unblockaded ports, from which it captures the scattered Argentine ships peacemeal. Fireships and surprise night attacks from fishing boats are also deployed.
 * Mapuche Diplomacy: the Mapuche thank Aztlan for its aid in freeing their oppressed kinsmen from the Argentines, and promise that it will receive territorial concessions, reparations or mineral or resource concessions in thanks for its help, regardless of the war's ultimate outcome.
 * Belkan Empire: Under the leadership of General Zaiyetsev the Federal armies unleash a devastating assault culminating in an unprecedented push on all fronts. While the breastworks do their job in stemming the first few waves of soldiers, the entire frontline is overwhelmed in a stunning fashion completely shocking observers as the Federal army employs shock tactics. These are brought about by a swift and accuracte bombardment by the best artillery crews the Federal armies have to offer followed by grenadiers dropping the large grenades just over the breastworks causing large casualties and opening sectors for exploitation. This, however, is not the end as the elite units are quickly supported by regulars who storm through the gaps. The Secessionists see their entire front line collapse in just over a month as Federal arms split the Secessionists into three pockets. The Bulgarian pocket, the Vasiligrad Pocket, and the Achaean Pocket. The Achaean and Bulgarian pockets surrender in short order while Vasiligrad, heavily fortified tries to defend itself for as long as possible. However, by the summer of this year, the Federal armies not only defeat the final 150,000 strong rebel army in the field but also storm Vasiligrad in quick and concise fashion using pre-built ramps which allow for entire regiments to storm the walls. The undermanned and undersupplied city quickly falls and the the Secessionists are destroyed. While many call for a guerrilla campaign from the mountains the leader of the Secessionists surrenders unconditionally knowing he has been bested by the Dracultesti Vozhd. While this goes on Vodzh Dracultesti shows no mercy to the low and middle level administration impaling them under capital punishment for treason and imprisoning the high level leadership for life if only to learn the secrets of the secessionists in the long run. While Vasiligrad is under successful siege Vladimir Dracultesti approaches the Supreme Soviet using his war time emergency powers, he speaks to the Supreme Soviet. "My fellow Belkans, senators of all the Soviets of the Federation. On this day we mark a transition. For hundreds of years our great peoples have stood at the crossroads of Europe, the steppes and Asia, fighting our way to a supreme position. Our great accomplishments came in many forms, under a federal government, under an imperial one, and under a revolutionary one. But today our greatest threat has been ourselves. Today I proclaim the restoration of the Empire, the title of tsar falling to me, Vladimir Dracultesti, a claimant to the old throne, and the one who has reunited Belka once and for all. All Hail the tsar, and All Hail, Belka". In a show of extreme surprise, the Supreme Soviet cheers, seeing Vladimir as not only a savior, but a return to Belka's glorious imperial days as the Revolutionary and Federal government has failed while the Imperial government advanced in all directions for centuries bringing the nation to the forefront of European politics. While the proclamation of an empire is surprising, the Belkan tsar, Vladimir makes many concessions agreeing to somewhat limit his power and retain the position of Vozhd under a dual executive system in which the tsar and the Vozhd share power. He claims this system to be Belkan Parliamentary Monarchy and in many cases the Supreme Soviet retains its position as the legislative body. Vladimir, however, retained the ability to veto any legislation from the House of the Supreme Soviet, and the newly created House of the Popular Soviet separating the two legislative bodies definitively into representative based and population based houses, respectively. The proclamation of the Second Belkan empire sees a quick and decisive push to occupy and begin reconstruction of South Belka as Vasiligrad and Sofiya become hubs of the southern reconstruction. While economically receding, the Belkan Empire sees an ungodly amount of money surge into the south in an attempt to modernize it, but also bring it back into mainline Belkan thinking as quickly as possible. With nearly 1.5 million men in the field the army now turns its sights to Anatolia and the Aegean Islands with the Belkan navy effectively sealing them from the outside world. Preparations are made and in some cases those hoping to prove loyalty to the victorious federal armies enlist hoping to gain power and prestige in the post civil war Belkan society.


 * Republica Iberia: In 1847 Republica Iberia continues the reforms aimed at pulling Iberia into step with the rest of Europe. In order to get a better picture of the nation, the government orders a census which returns a population of 21.9 million citizens across Iberia. The High Command of the Fuerzas Armadas de Iberia continues the reforms of the army, bringing Sandoval Rifles into service in the Brigada Assalta and a carbine version into service with the Brigada Rapida and Brigada Colonia. Production of the Sandoval Rifles accelerates and more units receive the highly effective, and now, proving to be highly popular, weapons. The military believes it will have produced enough of the weapons for the entire army within nine years. Although the work is slow Iberia’s shipyards are improved and the navy begins its expansion. Plans are made to repair, reequip, and recommission the ships of the pre-revolutionary Iberian Navy. By next year there will be a total of 16 third-rate ships in service along with an assortment of smaller sloops acting in a coastal patrol capacity. The construction projects in northern Iberia help accelerate the industrialisation of the region as the new roads permit faster transportation of raw materials and ideas. The Pyrennian Line of forts continues to be constructed and is expected to be completed in another year’s time. Industrialization of Northern Iberia continues with a jump in coal production, and the opening of many new factories. The iron industry booms around Toledo and large textile plants open across Catalonia. The rail line between Madrid and Lisbon is completed and while the line is not hugely successful, several other companies begin construction of railways across Catalonia and Andalusia. The government decides to standardize an Iberian Gauge Rail at 1400 mm and forces all rail lines to comply to this standard in the future. Cotton from the increasingly productive Andalucia floods into these mills. Farming flourishes in the South as the large system of water management allows some farmers to grow two crops in a single year.
 * En las Antillas Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of sugar for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other sugar producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En las Indias Orientales Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of spices for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other spice producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En África Ocidental Ibérica: Colonial governor, Santiago Fernández continues his expansion plans up the coast toward Maghreb after driving off the Africans last years. With the deployment of the Brigada Colonia the colony is well defended and expansion is rapid (50 px expansion).


 * China: Foreign trade begins to decline due to a reduction in demand for Chinese goods within European markets – a concern among the local merchant guilds. Meanwhile, foreign merchants, exploiting newly-abolished trade barriers, try to counterbalance their trading deficits by selling opium and European products such as cloths and luxury items. The government begins to import food products from foreign countries, but maintain protectionist policies to protect the domestic agricultural industry from foreign competitors. The small-scale cultivation of cash crops is discouraged as the population peaks, while unnecessary government programs are cut in order to offset a decline in the National Treasury. Tax rates are reduced to appease the peasantry. The economy begins to stagnate, after centuries of dynamism stemming from relatively progressive social policies. A second diplomatic mission is sent to the countries of Britain, France and Russia – as well as a group of dispatched Christians sent to the Papal States. The offer to sell the port cities of Suolong and Nangang to France is rebuffed, under the request that Chinese settlers are to be repatriated to the mainland, and monetary compensation is given. In light of Belkan instability, its Shenzhen enclave is revoked, and reincorporated into the surrounding city.
 * Nivkh Kingdom (protectorate): The king continues to adopt Korean and Chinese architecture, paving roads to facilitate transport, and replacing wood and thatch roofing with stone bricks and clay tiles, respectively.
 * Sakha (protectorate): The khan continues to adopt Korean and Chinese architecture, paving roads to facilitate transport, and replacing wood and thatch roofing with stone bricks and clay tiles, respectively. Siberian crab apples become a local renowned fruit, and is particularly prized in Korea and northern China.
 * Xizang (protectorate): Lhasa, the capital, is expanded and modernized. The Tibetan clergy continues to administer the protectorate, with its leader, the Dalai Lama, being considered a vassal or substitute monarch. Many Tibetans are encouraged (via financial incentives) to become more sedentary, with food instead being supplied from nearby Sichuan (thereby reducing over reliance in inefficient herding).
 * North Mongolia (protectorate): Yurt is further settled. A healthy aquaculture industry is established, harvesting and raising fish from Lake Baikal.


 * Aztlan: Aztlan sends its army to support the Mapuche in a large counterattack, sending its army to Argentine with the Mapuche and continues to push the counterattack on Argentine and eventually capitulate it, the armies march to Argentine and assault Argentine towns and help Mapuche forces in the region, they eventually take the city of Mendoze but see resistance by guerrilla forces, damaging the armies of Aztlan and needing Mapuche support.
 * Aztlan suggests that, if possible, Mapuche can bring Argentine to unconditional surrender to prevent another case of Argentine bullying the Mapuche Confederacy. (Mod Response?)
 * They also request help from Brésil and Peru. (Mod Response)
 * Brésil Diplomacy: We agree, seeing an opportunity, and declare war on Argentine.
 * French Republic: The navy is re-organized and set at a peace time composition of two first-rate ships-of-the-line, nine second-rate ships-of-the-line and 20 frigates. President Alarie agrees to buy the port cities offered by China, and agrees to the terms present. With the recent uprising in Laurentia, it is decided that the French will cease all exports to Argentine, while trade is requested to increase with the Mapuche and Aztlan. Modern weaponry and a few prime military generals that served in the Franco-Burgundian War is sent to assist in French Ere expansion.
 * French Ere: The population is currently 5.2 million. Agriculture remains as the main form of economic improvement. Expansion westward will begin in the following years. Christianity has, for the most part, phased out Kuzirism.
 * Not 20,000 and if you're planning to go inland that won't go well. Person
 * Changed. -sol


 * Swahili: We continue colonial expansion in Northern Somalia, in the South and in the Malindi and Mombasa area. Colonization increases as medicine and weaponry become more widespread. In the Swahili heartland, the profitability of cloth factories and cotton farming had led to a sharp increase in number of slaves. Foreign steam engines have been imported, though they are just used in madrassahs or in the homes of the rich as items of interest. More soldiers enter the Swazi land, now numbering 90,000, to assist them with defense. Several new roads are continuing to be built in Aliwa and Rowzi to supply the soldiers. The marine launches an attack upon the Zulu coast. Food crop production increases to take advantage of the foodstuff shortage in Europe.
 * Sefuwa: The colony of Sefuwa continues development.
 * Huriya: Political integration continues with Swahili bureaucrats being sent to oversee more political processes.
 * Rowzi: Political integration continues with Swahili bureaucrats being sent to oversee more political processes. As more soldiers enter Swazi, Rowzi is even more closely integrated to improve logistical efforts.


 * In Japan, Bushido traditionalists riot against the Seiyoka Dominated State. In Hokkaido, several Daimyos declare the Republic of Ezo and this begins the Boshin War. Daimyos across Japan rise up against the parliamentary system and Shogun Hirobumi calls for martial law. Emperor Komei is assassinated and Emperor Meiji, a fierce militarist, begins arming large corps of Urban Japanese to form a police force. The Japanese Navy, mostly on the side of the Seiyoka faction, blockade Ezo in an attempt to starve the Daimyos out. Peasants in Japan, unhappy more with the Daimyos' elitism than with the new Seiyoka government, begin several purges of noblemen in areas of Japan. By the end of the year, the main bases of Bushido resistance are destroyed and many Daimyo clans are wiped off the map, but an invasion of Ezo fails and instead Ito Hirobumi, who has changed his title from Shogun to Prime Minister, decides to wait them out and starve them while he quashes any resistance on the mainland.
 * The Japanese commoner class should be apolitical. Also, this is out-of-character considering Japan is inherently elitist and bureaucratic; the Meiji Restoration simply eased social mobility (but even until now, Japan is still a socially stratified hierarchal society). Also, the Meiji Emperor hasn't been born yet, and the Meiji Restoration itself and the early stages of Japan's modernization was led by the Emperor's Cabinet (comprised of many ex-samurai) rather than himself. - China (OOC)
 * Aztlan: Aztlan's armies continue their invasion of Argentine and agree to the proposal by the French and thank them for their support, with the triple alliance attacking Argentine, Aztlan continues the push east toward the Argentine capital of New Vichy hoping that they and the Mapuche will meet with the Brésilian army during the attack.
 * United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland: As the Irish famine continues the security situation Ireland deteriorates and soldiers are moved to Ireland. Tariffs on basic foods such as grains are removed altogether to drive prices down. The government approves the relief act 1847 giving money to charitable commissions in Ireland with a onetime levy on income taxes in Britain. Offers continue to exist for the Irish people to leave and some landlords begin to drive people off their land due to falling incomes. Wales has 1.1 million, Ireland has 6.6 million people, and Scotland 2.6 million. In Britain, based in southern England, the army rests at 5000 professionals with 10,000 men in Ireland. There are two fleets: one at Portsmouth and one at Bristol, each comprise ten first-rate ships-of-the-line, 24 second-rate ships-of-the-line and 50 frigates. The number of railways being built increases with connections between the coal mines and industry towns on the north. Industry is expanding quickly due to Britain's trade networks. The gold rush continues as more people move to Uluru and others are transported. Further prospecting continues in search of more precious minerals. The expedition down the Nile returns having taken casualties but they can testify that the Nile is very long. Finding a cure for the tropical diseases becomes important but isn't managed yet. Work on the ports in British North Africa is begun to expand their capacity.
 * India: The movement of goods to Europe speeds up again. Further training of a central army. The British continue work on Rohtasgarh Fort.
 * Kingdom of Prussia: Maximilian the Great seeing Potato Blight still as an issue in Prussia and sees how it has impacted Potato Farmers begins to draft a council with select members of the Diet that have been specifically picked by the king includes Otto Von Bismark. A meeting is called upon on February 8th before any potatoes can be grown for the following harvests, they discuss what should be done. Otto Von Bismark and several others bring an idea that could help which is the foundations of an Agricultural Department to manage crop production and manage disease controls for plants and such. The king signs off on this plan after three days following the meeting and with this, many Botanist and other high ranking people that work in the field of plants draft a list in steps that could effect healthier produce. Some procedures include loosening up the soil to prevent spores to effect the plants in mass. Any debris or plant materials are to be removed and placed in a sealed container and to be removed with other waste materials. Plants are to be covered during times of rain. They're also to be watered with irrigation systems and such to ensure plant health and limits to humidity to prevent the spread of blight. This proves to be effective in the harvests and the king celebrates Christmas with mashed potatoes and pork in a feast with his family and political colleagues. Investments are made to establish more control in Africa. In the meantime, 12,000 men are recruited into the armed forces and begin training. Needle Gun Research grows as well. Local officials are elected into office by local male citizens with the idea of women having the right to vote being in the king's mind for it local votes in order to support equality but only remains as a thought. With Napoleon showing dominance within the Rhine, we invite him to a Ball that included government officials, nobles and aristocrats plus several dozen lucky guest from across the nation from Konigsberg to Hamburg. Max hoped it would give him a chance to know the ruler better and to have better personal relations especially in the German region as he seen all citizens that held to the German culture and language as one. Max’s son is sent out to the royal army and begins to be taught by officials from the working period how the military operates and how to plan with generals also occasionally checking up on him as he stays over at the military base on weekends and returns to the palace in Berlin on the average weekdays and is taught his mathematics and finds a large interest in warfare and such especially with him looking up to his father as being one of, if not the greatest, leader of his people. Popularity of Maximilian soars with him gaining more support.
 * Siam: The King, with Japanese help, purges overpowered nobles, as well as unpopular ones, in the name of anti-corruption. The previous noble revolt is used as an excuse. He also sees the problem with relying on nobles riding elephants only, a radical reorganization of the army occurs. Men are promoted on merit, not birth. The Japanese system serves somewhat as the model. Modern firearms, bought from Japan, are slowly introduced. The Japanese military advisors begin to help. The king is glad that their revolt is mostly underway and is restricted to Edo, and congratulates their Emperor. Yet westernization is a false description, the customs of the people remain the same - nor is industrialization, as the society is still a feudal one, and literacy rates are low. However, it is still modernization. The king is opposed to a parliamentary system, as elections would cause a noble uprising likely. Also, the Parliament would question the King's divine rule. Education begins to be set up, with Japanese commanders creating a military academy. First/primary education is slowly introduced, to teach the urban populace how to write. The Japanese base proposal is accepted.
 * Upon the acceptance of the Japanese base proposal, China threatens to sever trading relations with Siam and to expel it from the tributary system.
 * Siam cancels the proposal, but instead reworks a new one with Japan, having a special Japanese economic zone instead of a military base. (player response) The Siam king aims to serve as a mediator between China and Japan, and calls on Pan-Asian unity.
 * Japan agrees to this.
 * In compensation for the unknown insult to China, the Island of Ko Adang is gifted to the Chinese Emperor and builders are sent there to construct him a palace upon request.
 * That island is not yours. It is under the Burgundian protectorate of Malaysia ~ Nic

1848
''' The peasants of Japan return to their lives and stop killing nobles. In urban areas there is continued violence by urban dwellers against non-Japanese culture with churches being burned. '''

''' The war against Argentine goes badly for Argentine when everyone attacks it and its army ceases to resist. Even still because core areas of Argentine are nationalist, it's not realistic to annex the whole thing. '''

''' The European potato failure continues to worsen and spreads with further food shortages in Ireland and the Scottish Highlands. The failure of the Burgundian government to respond is seen as negligent while the Prussian response fails to make impact. '''

''' Natives from inland in West Africa strike the coast hitting the spreadout European coastal settlements. '''

''' The Arab-Persian War continues to spread chaos in the Middle East. For right now, the war is a stalemate, but the Persians begin to make advances. '''

''' In Prussia, Republicans begin to protest for democracy and civil liberties, supported by the Rhineland. '''
 * The Mapuche propose the Treaty of Mendoze to Aztlan and Brésil to resolve the war against Argentine. With Argentine occupied, the Mapuche seize the opportunity to capture all of those complicit in the Argentine conquest of Patagonië, and particularly in the enslavement of prisoners of war. These people, including Argentine Prime Minister Charles, are publicly hung. Meanwhile, Argentine settlers are forcibly expelled en masse from Patagonië and their farms, crops and livestock seized and redistributed to Mapuche populations, who return to those portions of the territory from which they have been expelled in large numbers. Additionally, with the Argentine army incapable of further resistance, all the artillery and modern weaponry in the Mapuche occupation area is requisitioned and shipped back to Mapuche, while shipbuilding yards, foundries and fortifications are razed and all their movable infrastructure taken. The Mapuche forces also seize privately owned Argentine merchant ships as legal prize and resells them to Mapuche entrepreneurs at low prices, to encourage the growth of trade. Expansion southward resumes. Additionally, the government continues to accept people leaving Europe, fleeing the potato blight, although Mapuche merchants also sail eastward this year with cargoes of Andean potato cultivars that aren't vulnerable to the blight, expecting to get high prices for them in Europe. Although relatively open to European immigration, the Mapuche government - and many in the population- also worry about the pace of cultural change, and some ethnic tension does arise in urban areas where immigrants concentrate. To continue immigration without changing the domestic balance of political or cultural power through major population shifts, the Mapuche send envoys to China, asking to open trade relations. They suggest that Mapuche guano fertilizer could help alleviate rural population pressures, and also offer to accept Chinese immigrants, particularly from the hill-farming Hakka populations of southern China, whose agricultural techniques, they believe, could enhance productivity if adopted in Mapuche.
 * China accepts the offer, seeing the potential of guano fertilizer to further heighten the food supply (and maintain the food surplus), and seeing emigration as a way to alleviate China of excess population. Emigration policies are liberalized, though restrictions are placed upon the high classes.


 * Kingdom of Egypt: The Mohammed Ali Dynasty continues to prosper in Egypt and continues on with Muhammed Ali’s son, Muhammed Ali, Jr but named himself Mohammed Ali the Second of Egypt and God Protector of the Sudan. Mohammed Ali II begins the year with new reforms, such as reconstituting Egypt as a semi-absolute monarchy, and creating the new post of prime minister, along with a parliament of sorts named the ”High Council”. Nubar Elfumok, a long time friend Ali and an expert politician, is nominated as Prime Minister by Mohammed Ali II, and is inaugurated in March. Muhammed Ali officially legalizes Coptic Orthodoxy, but limits it to strictly private practice in the Egypt, while public worship is allowed in Sudan, though closely monitored by Egyptian authorities. With chaos in the Middle East, and the Persians and Arabs trying to cut each other’s throats out, Ali takes this chance to retake the Sinai Peninsula, which Ethiopia, who owned Egypt at the time, lost to the Jaffarid sultanate, now Arabia-Persia. Diplomats are Sent to Arabia to negotiate a purchase of the Sinai (MOD RESPONSE NEEDED). Mohammed Ali II, in an attempt to secure complete control and loyalty among his subjects, he institutes a cult of personality of the Mohammed Ali Dynasty, with his father at the top. Ali orders a diplomatic mission to Ethiopia, as he wants to better relations to prevent conflict, especially religious ones, against the two rival nations (PLAYER RESPONSE NEEDED). Ali also works to create a working, strong and effective navy, and starts creating some Nile patrol ships as a start, which are meant to guard the Nile River, and make sure no illegal things enter the Nile, or travel through. The king sees interest in the Belkan Civil War and announces his support for the Emirate of Krete.
 * Algo. Person.
 * The Ethiopian Emperor very carefully agrees to talks.
 * Russia: Expansion in the New World continues. There are rumbles with the tsar's teenage son about democracy in the future.
 * Ethiopian Empire: The Empire is still willing to sell foodstuffs. Ioshua continues to bolster the economy of the nation with more gold expeditions being sent into the jungle. Coffee workshops continues to produce some of the best coffee in the world. The water works program is furthered in Adidas Abba. The imperial guard is almost fully westernized with the exception of territorial militias outside of the command. Lake Turkana continues to provide nice farming land to the colonizers around it. More Church-Schools are built around the country to provide a means of education to the rural and urban children of the nation in order to provide a better future.
 * Japan: In Japan, seeing the political chaos, a Shinto Priest in Kyoto named Hong Xihuan proclaims that the current emperor is not the rightful descendant of Amaterasu and that he is a demon. Hong Xihuan gathers a large cult following in Kyoto and leads several pogroms against Japanese Catholics until he is expelled from the city by the Japanese Police. Hong Xihuan then goes into the countryside where he begins preaching to unsatisfied peasants in the countryside. The hardships of the European economy also hit Japan, who relies on trade with Europe for grain. Famines are widespread across the countryside and many peasants become unsatisfied with both the Daimyos and the Emperor. The Japanese Navy attempts an invasion of Ezo once more and razes the city of Sapporo, effectively reducing the Republic to guerrillas in the icy northern wilderness. In the Japanese Colonies, the local governors consolidate their hold and shipyards are constructed in New Guinea and Java. In New Guinea, the Ququququ tribal leaders establish a tribal council that controls domestic affairs and allows for the island to have lots of autonomy. In Java, refugees from the Boshin War pour in as grain harvests appear to be good there. The Governor of Java begins sending large amounts of grain and supplies to aid the Emperor's Government. Hong Xihuan persuades several starving peasants in Honshu to join his "Holy Army". The Holy Army conducts mostly guerrilla warfare, raiding supply caravans and police encampments. In Hokkaido, Kohoe Hokusawa is declared Shogun by the guerrilla forces on the island. Hokusawa's army begins to starve in the mountains and they soon seek favor with the local Ainu people, who know the land well and promise to help out the army if they let the Ainu people have autonomy in Hokkaido if they win the war. Hokusawa agrees. Refugees from Sapporo also join the Ezo forces several merchants loyal to Hokusawa sneak past the Japanese navy to the island of Formosa where they convince the Formosan governor to side with the Shogun. The Formosan Branch of Japanese Navy begins sinking grain ships headed for the mainland and also conducting piracy in the South China Sea. The Holy Army travels north to Tohoku, leaving a wake of destruction and sieging and taking over the city of Aomori. In Aomori, various churches are razed and a charred black flag is flown above the city. The Daimyo of Aomori as well as the governor are hung in the center of the city. As winter kicks in, however, the overcrowded and isolated city begins to starve and Hong's popularity drops. In November, the Japanese army retake the city and find that most of the population has resorted to cannibalism and Hong Xihuan apparently went insane and locked himself in a castle. With Sendai recaptured, the Japanese military launches an invasion of Hokkaido once again, occupying the island. Shogun Hokusawa flees Ezo on a boat to Formosa. When he goes there he learns that the governor has switched sides after his fleet was decimated when it attempted to raid several western merchants. Hokusawa is arrested once he reaches the harbor and is tried in the court of the Emperor. With the death of Hokusawa, the Boshin War is over.


 * Republica Iberia: In 1848 Republica Iberia continues the reforms aimed at pulling Iberia into step with the rest of Europe. The High Command of the Fuerzas Armadas de Iberia continues the reforms of the Army, bringing Sandoval Rifles into service in the Brigada Assalta and a carbine version into service with the Brigada Rapida and Brigada Colonia. The resounding success of the rifles prompts the military to increase demand for a rapid adoption, this causes a second factory to open and the time frame for total adoption falls to three years. With the navy's shipyards brought up to speed the navy orders the production of eight first-rate frigates and 12 second-rate frigates in addition to the 16 third-rates already in service. The Pyrennian Line of forts continues to be constructed and is completed at the end of the year. Industrialization of Northern Iberia continues with strong growth in coal production and factory construction. The iron industry booms around Toledo and large textile plants open across Catalonia. Rail service now connects Lisbon, Madrid, Barcelona, Cordoba, and Oporto. Cotton from the increasingly productive Andalucia floods into Catalonian textile mills. Farming flourishes in the South as the large system of water management allows some farmers to grow two crops in a single year.
 * En las Antillas Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of sugar for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other sugar producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En las Indias Orientales Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of spices for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other spice producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En África Ocidental Ibérica: Colonial Governor, Santiago Fernández is forced to halt his expansion plans this year as more raids attack the colony. The 8000 troops of the Brigada Colonia engage the disorganized tribesmen repeatedly and sustain light casualties. The Brigada commanders, now accustomed to the harsh terrain of the western Sahara adapt the mounted-infantry tactics introduced by General Zapico to the dry conditions of the desert. The raiders are repelled without too much trouble by the well equipped Iberian forces whose rifles fire as many as three shots for the raider’s one.


 * To alleviate administrative pressures, the Jin Dynasty is divided into two realms; China (consisting of China proper), and Korea. A slim portion of Southern Mongolia bordering Lake Baikal is ceded to Northern Mongolia. The two realms are placed under separate imperial courts, with two autonomous capitals, but share a common monarch. In China, landless peasants such as tenant farmers are encouraged to emigrate to Mapuche in order to alleviate China of excess population. The imported guano fertilizer is used in grain cultivation, vastly improving grain yields and further heightening the food surplus. Anti-natalist policies and the usage of glans condoms as well as abortifacient concoctions are encouraged. The economy continues to stagnate, after centuries of previous dynamism. To provide tax revenue, tariffs on foreign exports are raised from approximately 5% to approximately 10%. While this is a very low-set rate, the sheer trading volume of China secures a steady influx of foreign bullion. Due to administrative pressures, administration is further decentralized, while the expensive but inefficient bureaucracy is further expanded – draining the National Treasury. Due to growing regionalism, stemming from wide income disparities between the coastal and inland provinces, prompting minor peasant insurrections. However, these are sporadic and unorganized–and this is easily solved by further lowering tax rates on peasantry. The imperial court begins to divide into two factions: a populist faction advocating for pro-agrarian policies as well as increased tariffs on foreign goods (but still maintaining trade), and utilizing those additional funds into redistributing wealth; and an isolationist faction advocating for restricting foreign trade and curtailing on commercial activity as a way to alleviate regional wealth disparities. The arrival of the second diplomatic mission sends another surge of European scientific and intellectual ideas into China, which are not censored due to the lack of literary inquisition. In Korea, the city of Seoul is designated as the capital, being the historical capital of Korea and the previous secondary capital of the Jin Dynasty following Beijing itself. A settler campaign is launched to settle Manchuria further, and to utilize all available arable land. This massive influx alleviates pressure from much more urbanized, commercialized and wealthy peninsula, while pushing the receding frontier further. Guano fertilizer is transported from southern Chinese ports to Manchuria in order to maximize grain yields. The mining of anthracite and gold is revived, and Korea begins to specialize on the production of exotic goods such as ginseng, cotton and fur textiles, and jewelry. In contrast, China specializes on tea, silk textiles and porcelain. Given the more developed nature of Korea, these products are aimed toward domestic market. However, the ports of Mokpo, Incheon and Busan are revived as centers of international trade, with merchants encouraged to visit said ports. The islands of Cheondoryeol (or the IRL Kurils) is offered to be sold to either Russia or Japan.
 * Nivkh Kingdom (protectorate): The king continues to adopt Korean and Chinese architecture, paving roads to facilitate transport, and replacing wood and thatch roofing with stone bricks and clay tiles, respectively.
 * Sakha (protectorate): The Khan continues to adopt Korean and Chinese architecture, paving roads to facilitate transport, and replacing wood and thatch roofing with stone bricks and clay tiles, respectively. Siberian crab-apples become a local renowned fruit, and is particularly prized in Korea and northern China.
 * Xizang (protectorate): Lhasa, the capital, is expanded and modernized. The Tibetan clergy continues to administer the protectorate, with its leader, the Dalai Lama, being considered a vassal or substitute monarch. Many Tibetans are encouraged (via financial incentives) to become more sedentary, with food instead being supplied from nearby Sichuan (thereby reducing overreliance in inefficient herding).
 * North Mongolia (protectorate): Yurt is further settled. A healthy aquiculture industry is established, harvesting and raising fish from Lake Baikal.
 * Japan: After winning the Boshin War, the Emperor's cabinet sees buying the Kurils as a way to improve Japanese prestige and accepts the offer to buy them for one million USD as well as several pounds of coffee as a gift to the Emperor at his court in Seoul.
 * Korea (which administers the island) officially cedes the islands of Cheondoryeol to the Japanese, and repatriates any settlers who do not want to be subjected to Japanese rule.
 * Siam: The king continues attempting to centralize, and apologizes for the China mishap and says the base idea was not supposed to be to reject China, but rather as a defense against European imperialism. Delivering a speech to both Japanese and Chinese living in Thailand, he brings up the threat posed by the Europeans. He brings up the Island of Ko Adang already being under Burgundian protection, afraid it will be used as a beachhead to bring Thailand under Burgundian "protection." Seeing as he has friendly relations with Japan, and is a tributary of China, he calls on China to not let Southeast Asia fall onto European "protection." He also calls on Japan to fix its differences with China. The king aims to improve relations with Lan Xang, the two nations having long been enemies due to Lan Xang being a Makani state. The move is praised by the Thai Makani minority. The king also feels threatened by the so-called "Indian Empire" and says, "British, Thailand is NOT this India." He sells spices to aid the economy, and hopes for a rail road, but feels like the nation does not have the infrastructure or education to pull it off, so that idea is shelved.
 * Belkan Empire: The declaration of the second Belkan Empire has been met with little hostility from much of the populace of Belka. However in the south, issues of loyalty and reincorporation of the formerly rebel territories. This leads to further issues with reconstruction except for the largest or most profitable companies and industries willing to move into the devastated regions. This, however, sees some positive investment as the people having suffered from the civil war needing work move to factories being opened up along the fronts of southern Belka. Bulgaria - being the most divided of the states during the civil war - ostensibly sees the biggest rebound in loyalty and potential of regaining full statehood as in their first post rebellion elections parties loyal to the federal government take power by a factor of nearly 75% and their push to reclaim their position as one of Belka's most dynamic and powerful states. Huge investment regardless of loan cost are put into restoring the south with Vasiligrad and Sofiya seeing their major cities restored and projects to restore the countryside put into effect. Belkan industry while diminished in size is put back on the map as huge amounts of product is put into modernizing and restoring southern Belka on par with modern cities like Trieste, Belgrad and the restored Vasiligrad. The execution of the final traitors this year is made full well public and a 250,000 strong occupational army is put into place in the South ruling it as a military governance as it is restored to the union in full which is slated to take roughly a decade. While food production and industry in the south have declined somewhat a surplus still exists via the large agricultural productions located in Romania and Moldavia. However, large scale projects to reconstruct the most damaged areas are in effect, the new authorities afforded under the Soviet and the tsar make it a much easier task as lands once held by rebels are put back into the hands of loyalists and job programs create more loyalists out of rebels by the month. The question of the other breakoff state is finally answered as 1.5 million Belkan troops and 150 ships split into three major squadrons assault Samothrace and Krete. The main blockade stands out over the Kretans and the islands it holds while the army crosses the Bosphorus in short order besieging many of the coastal cities and towns. (algo to come)
 * You're not Jesus, your soldiers can't walk on water. Be more plausible with troop numbers please. Person. 
 * United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland: In the Irish Office a paper is published arguing that this is an over population issue and part of the Malthusian trap. Money is given again to charitable commissions and exports are banned if the famine doesn't resolve itself the only solution is to spread the population out into living space. A lot of people are unhappy because they blame the Irish for this problem. Recruitment of soldiers in England in case trouble brews in Ireland. A planned enhancement of 20,000 militia men are drawn up and training begins. England has a population of 14.9 million, Wales has 1.1 million, Ireland has 6.6 million people, and Scotland 2.6 million. In Britain, based in southern England, the army rests at 5000 professionals with 10,000 men in Ireland. There are two fleets: one at Portsmouth and one at Bristol, each comprise ten first-rate ships-of-the-line, 24 second-rate ships-of-the-line and 50 frigates. The number of railways being built increases with connections between the coal mines and industry towns on the north. Industry is expanding quickly due to Britain's trade networks. The gold rush continues as more people move to Uluru and others are transported. Further prospecting continues in search of more precious minerals. The expedition down the Nile returns having taken casualties but they can testify that the Nile is very long. Finding a cure for the tropical diseases becomes important but isn't managed yet. Work on the ports in British North Africa is begun to expand their capacity. We give up our port in China, waste of money. We accept the Salish offer to be a protectorate. 
 * India: The movement of goods to Europe speeds up again. Further training of a central army occurs. The British continue work on Rohtasgarh Fort.


 * Kingdom of Burgundy: The new colonial government of New Zeeland continues consolidating its position on the islands, purchasing land from the native Maori and opening it up for settlement and development. The SMS Elisabeth de Eisen, the first of her class of 90-gun steam-powered ships of the line, along with her sister ships SMS Henri de Schëffsträich and SMS Karel de Grousse enter service with the Royal Navy and are immediately organized into their own battle squadron. Several 44-gun steam frigates, the SMS Eisenbastard, the SMS Graaf Bonapaart, and the SMS Maartin Wacht, enter service as well. In addition, the Admiralty discreetly orders research into developing better protection for their ships against modern naval artillery. In light of the potato famine’s failure to correct itself, the State-General orders an increased importation of potatoes from Kuba and Maryland to help feed the populace.


 * Swahili: We continue colonial expansion in Northern Somalia, in the South and in the Malindi and Mombasa area. Colonization increases as medicine and weaponry become more widespread. In the Swahili heartland, the profitability of cloth factories and cotton farming had led to a sharp increase in number of slaves.  Foreign steam engines have been imported, though they are just used in madrassahs or in the homes of the rich as items of interest. More soldiers enter the Swazi land, now numbering 95,000, to assist them with defense. Several new roads are continuing to be built in Aliwa and Rowzi to supply the soldiers. The marine launches an attack upon the Zulu coast. Food crop production increases to take advantage of the foodstuff shortage in Europe. As a result, BYS increases in political influence due to their increase in income from the food trade. The BNM renames themselves to the Mlinzi, or defenders, citing its influence in Somalia, birthplace of the Swahili, and in the frontier regions.
 * Sefuwa: All Swahili colonies in Southwest Africa is organized into Sefuwa. Colonisation begins to connect the settlements.
 * Huriya: Political integration continues with Swahili bureaucrats being sent to oversee more political processes.
 * Rowzi: Political integration continues with Swahili bureaucrats being sent to oversee more political processes. As more soldiers enter Swazi, Rowzi is even more closely integrated to improve logistical efforts.
 * Strike One, I have told you before. You do not industrialise without approval and that means no steam engines. Person.


 * Kingdom of Prussia: As Maximilian questions the protests across Prussia, he gives the order to arrest and imprison the Republicans and to give them fair trials following the arrest in the coming weeks and months and whoever gets violent is to be shot. Curfews are enforced and investigations behind the perpetrators of this are made. The diet holds another assembly in Berlin following the sudden stagnince of the recovery from the offered measures. Potato prices rise. Seeing this, the Department of Agriculture urges farmers to limit the growth of potatoes within enclosures and to avoid using soil from the last seasons and instead to grow other crops besides those. Bread is seen as an alternative. We begin to focus on importing potatoes from France as they seem to be unharmed from the Fungus that has plagued their neighbors. “Soup Kitchens” begin to use different meals without potatoes such as including radish or beats and carrots. Potatoes are shipped off to Africa to be produced in our colonial holdings with Hussein having progress, they expand their territory by 8px inland while establishing settlements of towns and Prussian Villages. Any African people's are removed or put in reserved area and any who attack or threaten our expansion are killed. Prussian Armies begin to make an appearance in the settlements. In the meantime, Elfenbein begins to open up their first markets while new homes are settled. Expeditions are planned to be moved southward across the nations of the Congo. Job growth rises and a minimum wage is set to help workers make a decent pay. Regulations are made on food to control diseases as well within products that could be infected or contain possibly dangerous materials such as bacteria and such. The King questioning how he could better food preparation to avoid poisoning hires several chefs and secretaries to help with making flyers and posters on foods and how to cook them and the dangers of consumption of raw goods. Military presence is increased due to the dangers of rebellion and a secret network of royal spies is made for possible threats to the Kingdom and the security of the state. Build up along the border of The Rhineland is made further with more Fortifications built and major cities along the region having the most defenses as we take precaution following being ignored by Napoleon to all our requests and such and assuming he doesn't take the liking of us. The Diet for the first time has an election for the people and by the people with the first assembly to be held the day after New Year's. Bismark begins to become close friends to the king and having support for his ideals and such. A non-aggression pact for 15 years is offered to Russia (Player Response).
 * Saxony: As aid for crops that have faced potato failure come in, the same system is implemented to oversee agriculture on both states. A small elected Court is established by Prussian will and the royal family of Saxony are removed completely from Saxony in the “Night of Thieves” in which the whole royal family had been forcefully removed in the heart of the night and sent off by ships to Elfenbein to avoid the risks of an uprising with a legitimacy to the Saxon throne. Maximilian of Prussia orders the construction of an extravagant palace within the port city for the exiled family members and all of their belongings and goods are also transported over. Prince Wilhelm is put in charge of the throne but is only to be seen as a figurehead. Max saw him fit to rule as such due to his Saxon mother would make them see him as half-Saxon at the very least. Ideals of a Pan-German State is further fueled under Prussia grows. In the meantime, the same level of rights that men and women have in Prussia are also adopted in Saxony. Construction of factories leads to an uptick of growth in the economy and Saxon armies begin to be trained with Prussian armies under a single uniform.
 * Elfenbein and Hussein: with natives seeming to be a threat, citizens are given the right to handguns and soldiers are placed an the city and both settlements. A Prussian police force is established and crackdown on the natives and farmers are given the right to rifles as well for precautions. Some citizens feel upset that they must depends on themselves for support during home invasions and threats to their families that people begin to advocate for the removal of the native peoples along our borders. In the meantime, several natives have managed to want to communicate with us but the language barrier leaves us helpless as we try to teach them German. Hussein sees several small communities form with houses mainly concentrated on the shore so far but elephants begin to be used for their ivory and such. A regulations is implemented, though, for adventurers to only three elephants per year and any further would be a hefty fine as they are seen as well prized.

1849
''' Inspired by events in the Rhineland in Austria and Prussia, protests break out in cities demanding further democracy. This spreads to Belka, Hungary, Poland, Scandinavia and France. In Prussia in particular, the protests grow strongest, supported by the Rhineland. '''

''' In Japan the race riots continue. '''

''' The great potato blight continues affecting Ireland and the Scottish Highlands badly. '''

''' Arab-Persian War continues. '''
 * Sultanate of Egypt: We make a move to recognize the Belkan tsar as true head of state of Belka. This year, we focus on building up our infrastructure, including building more houses, making plans to expand the port of Alexandria and the capital of Cairo, along with beginning to build roads and sidewalks along the Nile. With the Arabs rejecting our generous offer, we send troops into the Sinai, with the order to occupy the Sinai fully (algo will be made later). In order to expand our navy, five frigates are scheduled to be built this year, and to be finished in three years. We focus our military around the Nile area, specifically the opening in the north, where most of our population centers are concentrated. The sultan publicly claims he is descended from the pharaohs and his claim is recognized by the parliament and prime minister almost immediately. We withdraw our support for the Emirate of Krete. We begin drawing up plans for some new trade routes down to the Sudan, as PM Nubar Elfumok and his administration wish to target the Sudan for economic development efforts. The Egyptian Royal Army begins year-long training drills, in order for troops to gain the ultimate combat and wartime experience emulated in training and in order to protect the motherland from foreign invaders. A good chunk of our small, but efficient navy, is stationed around the mouth of the Nile, for the same reason as above.
 * JusEgypt is a Sultanate, the title for PM is Grand Vizier, and the Sudan is known as either the Kush or Nubia. Coptic Orthodoxy has always been legal. The Sultan’s official title is Sultan of Egypt, Emir of Kush and Benghazi and the Dynasty is called the Mus’od Dynasty. - Franz 
 * Actually no, Egypt was a kingdom since it declared independence from Ethiopia (which I played as Ethiopia during that time), and was ruled by a queen who was Napoleon’s wife. This queen was then overthrown after the Napoleonic Wars by Muhammed Ali, a great general, and I guess he became regent or something. I then had it where he sooner declared himself king, and founded the Mohammed Ali Dynasty.
 * Oh, and Coptic Christianity was illegal and very discriminated against after the Egyptian Revolution against the Ethiopians. 
 * I actually played as Egypt after its independence, the titles were changed to Sultan and Muhammed Ali originates from the Mus’od Dynasty. He never stayed as Regent as following her exile he was coronated Sultan. Coptic Orthodoxy was discriminated on an individual level but it was never illegal. - Franz (former Egyptian player) 
 * Sorry, Franz! After talking with Scraw for a bit, I’ve decided I’ll go by the established canon history and change the name to the Sultanate of Egypt. 
 * France: A population census is decidedly taken, being the first since the Franco-Burgundian War. The population adds up to a total of 29.5 million. The military begins to be re-purposed, re-constructed, and re-organized, in hopes of finally phasing out older, more outdated weaponry and military technology for more industrial, newly-created weaponry. Although domestically already very democratic, the President decides to begin an "open-border" policy, essentially allowing most immigrants into the country freely, as well as making the application process for citizenship also relatively easy. Industrialization continues, as more railways are built. Taxes, that were raised during the Franco-Burgundian War, are finally reduced as the need for a large, overwhelming military is decidely not necessarily needed at this time.
 * Japan: Even though the core of the Anti-Western Movement in Japan was defeated and executed, dissent remains in cities. The nascent Japanese police force, created during the Boshin War, is greatly expanded and begins performing raids and executions on anti-government dissenters. Ito Hirobumi resigns as Prime Minister after an assassination attempt by his rival, Asai Tojo. Tojo takes power as Prime Minister and initiates several reforms which abolish the power of the feudal lords completely (most are already dead due to siding with the Anti-Westerners during the Boshin War) as well as launching several efforts to syncretize Japanese Catholicism, a longstanding presence in Japan, with the conservative Shintoists. Japanese churches are built to be more like Shinto shrines. Shinto priests that don't comply are replaced with more pro-government ones that preach that Amaterasu, the Shinto Sun God, is equivalent to the Christian one. The Emperors are said to be descended from Amaterasu, so this also solidifies the government's role not only among Shintoists, but among Catholics. Rebuilding of the Japanese countryside as well as the cities destroyed in the Boshin War begins. Western architects are brought in and the cities are installed with modern sanitation and built on grids. The Japanese Emperor reaches out to Burgundy, offering the Burgundians to allow Burgundian military vessels to dock in Japanese harbors, shipments of wheat and grain from Japan to help out in the famines, an eternal non-aggression pact and a promise that Japan would join Burgundy in any wars Burgundy fought in exchange for Western advisors and technology (Burgundian Response). In Hokkaido, the area is resettled by immigrants from Java and the Kuril Islands. To accomodate Koreans living on the islands, Korean is made a co-official language of the Kuril Island Territory. The Ainu people living on the Kurils are sent back to the Jin due to their association with the Anti-Western Rebels during the Boshin War. The Ainu people on Hokkaido are massacred by local Japanese peasants as many of them raided their settlements during the war. In Formosa, the Hakka people are also massacred due to their association with the rebels. Hakka is removed as a language of the Formosan government and a new governor is installed who is Japanese. Most of the island already was and spoke Japanese, so this only affects a small percentage of the population. Javanese people become more spread out over the empire as they emigrate from Java. In Sulawesi, all of which is under Japanese control after the expedition to Makassar, the Sulawesi Governorship is formed with Manado, the former capital of the North Sulawesi Colony, being made the capital. Japanese fishermen take advantage of trade opportunities and begin settling in former Makassar and fishing where the Makassar fishermen used to fish.
 * Burgundian Dip: Looking to expand on Burgundys Dejima outpost, Burgundy agrees.
 * Aztlan: Continues to await the response to the Aztec proposal of a Hong Kong colony in Argentine to control Argentine trade.
 * Russia: Colonization of the New World continues. The tsar's son Vladimir proposes to his father Konstatin about a treaty with the British to divide up the Salish for good. With reports of overextension and communication issues in the vast Arcadian colony, the Treaty of Novgorod proposal is sent to the British. Meanwhile, the Cherdenko's steam engine is nearing completion after many failed runs. The son of a former Duma member from the 1700's reign of Savinkov writes the infamous "Democracy in Our Time" paper advocating for the establishment of a people's ruled system in the vast Russian Empire. Crown Prince Vladimir reads the paper and furthers his belief in democracy, secretly looking at the Rhineland and with even greater respect, Britain, for a country ruled by the people. Some generals and even the tsar himself take concern in the recent democratic riots and the influence they have on his son.


 * Republica Iberia: In 1849 Republica Iberia continues the reforms aimed at pulling Iberia into step with the rest of Europe. The High Command of the Fuerzas Armadas de Iberia continues the reforms of the Army, bringing Sandoval Rifles into service in the Brigada Assalta and a carbine version into service with the Brigada Rapida and Brigada Colonia. The resounding success of the rifles prompts the military to increase demands for a rapid adoption. This causes a second factory to open and the timeframe for total adoption falls to two years. With the navy’s shipyards brought up to speed the navy orders the production of eight first-rate frigates and 12 second-rate frigates in addition to the 16 third-rates already in service. The hulls of the first four first-rate steamships-of-the-line are laid down this year while the hulls of another four of the second-rate steamships-of-the-line are also laid down. The first-rate ships will have only 48 guns. However, this apparent lack of armament is compensated for by the use of very large 32-pounder cannon and a few of smaller caliber. In fact, the only small guns on the ships are mounted in the stern and bow. Moreover, the ships are designed to be truly impenetrable with unusually thick wooden siding reinforced with iron plates, making these ships the first ironclads to be built in Iberia. Meanwhile, the second-rate ships are designed to carry 36 guns also of large caliber and are intended to support the first-rates from range while containing the enemy fleet. All of the ships are intended to utilize both explosive and standard shells. The Pyrennian Line of forts continues to be constructed and is completed at the end of the year. Industrialization of Northern Iberia continues with strong growth in coal production and factory construction. The iron industry booms around Toledo and large textile plants open across Catalonia. Rail service now connects Lisbon, Madrid, Barcelona, Cordoba, and Oporto. Cotton from the increasingly productive Andalucia floods into Catalonian textile mills. Farming flourishes in the South as the large system of water management allows some farmers to grow two crops in a single year.
 * En las Antillas Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of sugar for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other sugar producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En las Indias Orientales Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of spices for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other spice producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En África Ocidental Ibérica: Colonial Governor, Santiago Fernández resumes his plans for expansion once more with the continued support of the Brigada Colonia from 1848. The colony now spans from Maghreb to nearly the north bank of the Rio Senegany (OTL Senegal). Facing impenetrable desert inland the colony expands into the last remaining land in the strip of coast. With no direction for colonial expansion, voices of empire grow restless in the colony and parliament of Iberia.
 * Kingdom of Prussia: Potato imports from Elfenbein is extended further with more farmers seeing how much people are willing to pay for imported potatoes rather then the homegrown variety. This leads to thousands of migrants into the city and also thousands of more people moving to Hussein to the established capital of New Konigsberg. As protests continue, a man by the name of Karl Becker, a man with conservative views, begins to hold secret town halls in the city of Berlin. This group has managed to attract thousands of young people between the ages of 16-30. This group soon evolves into a movement known as Becker Youth in support of a strong monarchy and economic plus civil liberties that have already been given to the people. On the other side of the movement from the liberals, Alois Shickelberger begins his own group outside of the Diet as well and they have a confrontation in May that would last for three days with each side ending up having violent acts occur but overall it remained peaceful. Prince Heinrich one night even attended a Becker Youth meeting in secret under the name of Otto Kleiner and soon became involved in an organized rally in Hamburg which had thousands of attendees. Shickelberger was ill-prepared for such a massive rally. Heinrich delivered his speech that soon attracted the average people in the city streets. Shickelberger began to feel as though his movement was not attractable enough and could not compete with the opposition's charisma and growing popularity. A gun is fired, though, following Heinrich walking off the platform. Heinrich blows the whistle that was given to him the night before the Hamburg rally. It was told for a Plan B in the event of violence. 80 men with gold and grey coats that resemble those of the Prussian Army uniform and 25 people come out waving giant flags representing a unified German State - something that was last minute. As the riot ensued, gunfire intensified and several members of Becker Youth were struck by stray bullets. People were also fighting and trampling each other. By the time military and police arrived, 48 were arrested. 28 were members of the Shickelberger Liberal Front while the rest were a part of the Becker Youth Group. Heinrich escaped via street corners before the police were able to arrest him and managed to make it back to Berlin in one piece. Back in the palace, his father, Maximilian was angry at him that he endangered himself and could have been caught by the police but respected him for doing what was right for the nation. For the next few weeks, he stayed within the palace. On Christmas Day, he tells his father that he wants to join the military. Maximilian sees the riots and protest as an issue and decides to make a document labeled “The People's Rights” including Freedom of The Press and Religion, Protection from Unreasonable Searches and Seizures, Protection to Life, Liberty and Property as well. Maximilian announces this in a speech delivered on New Year's Eve and would be enacted the following day. Positivity is seen by this and the King believes he was able to reason with the conservatives and liberals with his approval remaining steady. The Dreyse Needle guns begin to make an appearance into the Prussian armed forces with a large chunk of our infantry beginning to be educated on the weapon. An accident happens with a shipment and even though the guns were spared at the accident near a local river, the paper cartridges were ruined. Alphonse, a gunsmith and affiliate to the Prussian military begins research on how to prevent the cartridges from being ruined. A man by the name of Johann Mendelberg begins research on potato genetics and also studies on peas especially knowing that crisis that is going on with Potato Blight. The Department of Agriculture also begins to fund his research in the hopes of developing a better variety of potato fit for a resistance to Potato Blight. Factories begin further recruitments of civilians supplying jobs in the manufacturing industry. Men begin to do training on the borders with the defenses we established to not only put them to use but to also help give a sense of what it would be like to be on one of the possible battlefields in Prussia. We also begin doing the same on the border with Bohemia as well. Diplomats are sent to Russia to discuss trade deals on fur and Eastern European Products as well as to add to the industry of our economy (Player Response). Volunteers are sent to Austria to help contain any large amounts of rioters with us blaming Napoleon for all of the troubles we have been dealing with. The idea has become very popular with the Conservatives. A large crackdown is made by the police and government against possible conspiracy with the Rhineland government in favor of implementing their ideological ideals within our Nation and hate from the King against Napoleon begins to grow. Anti-Napoleon posters are spread across the nation.
 * Hussein and Elfenbein: Elfenbein begins to bustle as farmland is made further and exotic animals fascinate the new settlers as the population density continues to rise. Many colonists direct themselves to Hussein, though as a sign of overcrowding begins to show in the Colonial District of Elfenbein with many beginning to settle in New Berlin since it contains a German Charm - excluding the always warm weather. Plants and animals - especially birds - get sent over to Hussein that are native to Prussia with the removal of trees and tons of natural plants within the colony mostly in the cities as an idea from developers to make the migrants feel like they're just in Prussia. Elephants begin being tamed for agricultural use and such with them being banned from circuses and such as a form of entertainment in fear of how they'll act for being such huge animals. To control poaching from big game hunters, a hunting season is also established from May 1st to June 30th. Hussein is expanded 6 px into the jungles of Western Africa.
 * Saxony: With Anti-Napoleon and politicians being elected across the territory that happen to dislike Napoleon, the people begin to gradually dislike him as well. Some people question the removal of the Saxon family but nonetheless do not care much about it as long as the new leader doesn't have the authority of any equivalence that would be cause for concern. Crackdowns on Pro-Napoleon supporters are made and are sent for interrogation for alleged conspiracy with our Western Neighbor.
 * Nope. You are completely ignoring the real nature of the protests, which is to achieve real democracy, not this conservative pseudo-democratic monarchism. Also, you can't just magically make people dislike Napoleon. 
 * No genetic engineering. Person.


 * Kingdom of Burgundy: As part of the efforts to improve the Burgundian military in the wake of the Franco-Burgundian war, the Royal Army contracts the industrialist Frederik Haussmann to develop an improved artillery piece, after it's concluded that the lack of progress in artillery technology between the Napoleonic War and the recent Franco-Burgundian War is intolerable. Further fortification of the French border continues, as does construction of the Sint Quintin strategic fortress. The Royal Navy also fortifies Malta as a Burgundian naval base, though the island does see a drop in population as Slavs who lived on the island choose to relocate to Belka.
 * United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland: Parliament passes the Irish redistribution bill which encourages landowners to consolidate their renters around a smaller number of tenants by raising the requirement of landlords to pay rates for tenants with a yearly rate of less than £5. A general rise in rates is also announced across the Untied Kingdom to find more money for spending on the Irish famine. The militia raised last year are deployed to Ireland to keep order while landlords start a large round of evictions of those tenants paying less than £5 in yearly rent. All those who have been evicted are eligible for transportation to Uluru or India for free. This allows them to set up life in new lands without debt. As troubles start in Ireland due to involuntary evictions another 10,000 raised in England while the soldiers in Ireland keep order in the city as landlords move the smaller holders on. A lot of them do relocate to Uluru and India but some move to British Arcadia and Europe. England has a population of 15.2 million, Wales has 1.1 million, Ireland has 6.1 million people, and Scotland 2.6 million. In Britain, based in southern England, the army rests at 5000 professionals with 30,000 men in Ireland. There are two fleets: one at Portsmouth and one at Bristol, each comprise ten first-rate ships-of-the-line, 24 second-rate ships-of-the-line and 50 frigates. The number of railways being built increases with connections between the coal mines and industry towns on the north. Industry is expanding quickly due to Britain's trade networks. The gold rush continues as more people move to Uluru and others are transported. Further prospecting continues in search of more precious minerals. The expedition down the Nile returns having taken casualties but they can testify that the Nile is very long. Finding a cure for the tropical diseases becomes important but isn't managed yet. Work on the ports in British North Africa is begun to expand their capacity. We give up our port in China, waste of money.
 * India: The movement of goods to Europe speeds up again. Further training of a central army occurs. The British continue work on Rohtasgarh Fort.

1850
''' We're trying to move through turns faster, only possible if people post fast. Person. '''

''' The government in Austria falls and the Germania front takes over. Revolutions continue elsewhere with calls for more true democracy. In Prussia the Germania front supported by weapons supplied by the Rhineland attack conservative politicians. '''
 * Japan: Western Advisors brought over from Burgundy are appointed to a special government department known as the "Western Industrialization Commission". In the city of Sapporo, the first modern factory is built in Japan with the help of Burgundian Architects .  In the Governate of Fiji, a massive shipyard is constructed. European technology imported from Burgundy begins to implemented in the cities of Edo and Kyoto . The Japanese navy is expanded and updated. Settlement starts up again in New Caledonia and New Britain. Japanese traders start trading in the Indian Ocean. Shinto continues to syncretize with catholicism. The Japanese police force becomes more standardized and are equipped with modern weapons. More Japanese people drink coffee so they can do more work. In Edo, several Japanese scholars become infatuated with liberalism and write the book "Kyōwakoku" or Republic, on the values of democracy, republicanism, and liberalism and how they could be applied to Japan. The book takes hold in a minority of the pro-western intelligentsia while most still favor a near absolute monarchy like Russia or a semi-constitutional monarchy like Burgundy. In December, a popular vote is conducted and most people favor to dissolve the parliament. Prime Minister Tojo and the Emperor's cabinet take heed of this begin making plans for a second Japanese constitution.
 * I thought your date on industrialization was 1860? ~Nic
 * I'll see what Scraw and Person have to say, but as Nic pointed out, the industrialization date that was approved was 1860, not 1850. And although you may now have Burgundian technology/architects, that still does not mean you have the resources to begin creating factories until later. -Sol
 * I said begins, the technology is extremely sparse and mostly symbolic. Full scale industrialization will begin in 1860.


 * Swahili: We continue colonial expansion in Northern Somalia, in the South and in the Malindi and Mombasa area. Colonization increases as medicine and weaponry become more widespread. In the Swahili heartland, the profitability of cloth factories and cotton farming had led to a sharp increase in number of slaves. More soldiers enter the Swazi land, now numbering 100,000, to assist them with defense. Several new roads are continuing to be built in Aliwa and Rowzi to supply the soldiers. The marine launches an attack upon the Zulu coast.
 * Sefuwa: All Swahili colonies in Southwest Africa is organized into Sefuwa. Colonisation begins to connect the settlements.
 * Huriya: Political integration continues with Swahili bureaucrats being sent to oversee more political processes.
 * Rowzi: Political integration continues with Swahili bureaucrats being sent to oversee more political processes. As more soldiers enter Swazi, Rowzi is even more closely integrated to improve logistical efforts.
 * Swahili Diplomacy: We request British and Iberian support for future industrialization in return for foodstuffs and goods.


 * Belkan Empire: Under the leadership of Zaiyetsev and the tsar, Vladimir, the Belkan armies absolutely wipe out the mainland armies of Samothrace and keep a heavy blockade on the Kretian forces while preparing a massive landing for of nearly 400,000 to land at different parts of the island to simply overwhelm whats left of the Kretians. The economy - after two years of buildup and repairing from the civil war - has undergone good development but not up to top level growth yet. The reunification of the secessionist states continues with Bulgaria officially being fully readmitted to the Empire as a full state after its repairing operation had gone smoothly and large amounts of political elections has resulted in loyalists elements taking complete control of the legislation there.
 * Russia: The Cossack settlers of the Great Basin and the territories of Kartoshka (OTL Idaho area) start their conquest north to Avalonian Plains west of the Rockies (this is Alberta, using Avalon as the name because there is no name for Canada). Gold is discovered flowing from the Yukon river leading to a Gold Rush in Alyeska and people moving north planting land claims. The city of Lucentum (OTL San Francisco) is renamed to New Constantinople and becomes a major hub for sailors to get drunk and gamble. Many of the rich in the New World colonies move to the city. In other New World news, the colonial territory of Aleutia, the first overseas colony of Russia is admitted into the empire as a Province, this kickstarts the beginning of colonial integration with the Mainland. In the heartland of Russia near Kursk, plumes of smoke come from a small farm house and people think a fire had broken out. It turns out this is a working steam motor from the Cherdenko’s. The father and son are brought forth by the tsar, and are given imperial funds to develops steam engines for the Russian armed forces and public. Crown Prince Vladimir at 19 decides to tour the New World colonies, but takes a ship from Stevastapol to New Valois to establish diplomatic relations in Laurentia, namely Brésil, his journey will take him to the coast of Burgundian Patagonië, up to New Grenada and eventually Russia’s rival in the New World, Atzlan.
 * France: President Alarie properly resigns after having an affair with a prostitute, ending his marriage and effectively tarnishing the conservative party's reputation as an honest, fair, and catholic political faction. Due to the President's failed reforms and a decreasing economy, the call for a new constitution is made by the National Comittee, after both citizens and politicians decidedly begin seeing the Republic has weaker than the Monarchy that had existed prior. Thus, the government is reformed from an unitary constitutional presidential republic to a federal constitutional parliamentary republic, with the position of President being replaced with Chancellor, and the position of Vice-President being replaced with Premier. Elections for the newly created positions of Chancellor and Premier are intended to occur in the next year, with the current Vice-President being placed as the temporary Chancellor until then. The federal system, inspired by the late Belkan Federation, is partially implemented, with federal state elected politicians making up the new National Congress. The elections for the National Congress are made this year, and out of the 110 seats available, the New Democracy party obtains 49, the Republican party obtains 29, the Neo-Monarchist party gains 15, the Bonaparte-Monarchist party gains 3 seats, with the remaining 8 seats being made of independents. The military is organized into 10 divisions of 100,000. Industrialization continues. By the end of the year, the battleship known as Le Napoléon is created, supporting 90-guns and a purposed steam engine. Inspired by the deceased man of the same name, it is meant to pay homage to the power that was Napoleon and his influence in France. Only one is created at this time, and it is expected that one shall be created once per year for 10 years total. After years of research and development, the French scientist Pierre successfully isolates a type of anti-malarial drug from the bark of a tree in the Cinchona genus, allowing for the successful treatment for malaria (and before someone decides to be like "oh, well that shouldn't be possible at this time", let me remind you that quinine was not only isolated in OTL France, but it was also isolated in 1820, so I think for it to have been isolated by now and with the French having had a large reason to begin research into an anti-malerial drug (especially due to the failed colonization of the Kongo), it is both reasonably and overly plausible). Russian bouque music begins relatively popular, with music preaching about the industrial worker's life, the common soldier's lows, and pipe dreams about the perfect state. Most of these musical artists originate from the southern French regions of Occitania and Basque, as well as Navarre and portions of coastal Savoy. Popular artists include Pierre "Little Peep" Dufour, Alfred "Logic" Dumont, and Jérome "MadeinBSQE" Sardou. the port cities in mainland China continue to generate trade between the western Republic and the eastern Empire, and with the full buyout of the Papua colonies having been finished, trade with the tribal states in Papua begins, allowing for the exportation of high quality goods and the importation of modern technology and literature, as well as Christianity. A military alliance, known currently as the Pact of Steel, is offered to Sicily, the Rhineland, Poland, and Hungary, and is meant to be a large, systematic military alliance that can take on the powers of Belka and Britain, in the case of another European war happening (Scraw). The population reaches 31 million by the end of the year, and although nationalism is at a median, it is on the rise following a very popular and enlightening year in France.
 * French Ere: Christianity continues to be implemented in society, now displacing Islam. Although Kuzirism is still relevant in parts of the state, it has substantially declined in popularity due to Christianity. In terms of governance, schools are furtherly updated with French catalouged information about technology and medicine, as well as how to build most industrialization technology that has been either re-worked and reverse-engineered by the French at some point. Agriculture flourishes as it always seems to do. The neighboring tribal warlord states, Warri and Nri, are offered colonial vassalization into the larger French Benin, with the same offers that were given to the state of Ere.
 * The Rhineland and Poland agree. The Papal States catches wind of what's going on and secretly sends word to France that they would greatly prefer if they didn't align with Sicily. Hungary is too scared of Belka to join in. -s
 * Ethiopia: Ioshua sends an expedition to find an study the source of the White Nile in order to further understand why the river flows North instead of South. To attract more European investors and settlers the more upscale parts of Addias Abba, Axum, and Adulis are slowly paved and bricked. To keep unemployment low the government contacts men to help pave more roads around the country and clear trees for more farm land. The Red Sea fleet begins its modernization program, aiming to become the model of what a fleet should look like in Africa. The populace continues to like the rule of Ioshua known for being a gentle and caring Emperor. Coffee and cereal products continue to be churned out at a high rate in workshops. With life generally improving people now have more time to spend their money and coffee shops begin to slowly pop up in the major cities.
 * French Diplomacy: If Ethiopia has any valuable or rare resources, the French would like to begin trading.
 * United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland: The reinforcement of soldiers in Ireland is continued with last year's militia raising send to Ireland. The Irish famine act is passed fining landowners for renting out plots of land less than £5 in yearly rent because it is seen to be the cause of the problem that the poor don't have enough land needed. Mass evictions continue, while in attempt to appease the rest of the Irish, exports are allowed again and a lot of the land taken from the smaller land holders goes to larger land holders or a few individuals. The rest are forcibly moved onto India. Uluru receives a wave of Indian settlers who settle in Uluru and set up farms. England has a population of 15.4 million, Wales has 1.1 million, Ireland has 5.7 million people, and Scotland 2.6 million. In Britain, based in southern England, the army rests at 5000 professionals with 40,000 men in Ireland. There are two fleets: one at Portsmouth and one at Bristol, each comprise ten first-rate ships-of-the-line, 24 second-rate ships-of-the-line and 50 frigates. The number of railways being built increases with connections between the coal mines and industry towns on the north. Industry is expanding quickly due to Britain's trade networks. The gold rush continues as more people move to Uluru and others are transported. Further prospecting continues in search of more precious minerals. The expedition down the Nile returns having taken casualties but they can testify that the Nile is very long. Finding a cure for the tropical diseases becomes important but isn't managed yet. Work on the ports in British North Africa is begun to expand their capacity. A fleet comprising two first-rate ships-of-the-line, seven second-rate ships-of-the-line and 14 frigates is dispatched to Egypt to support them in their conquest of the Sinai.
 * India: The movement of goods to Europe speeds up again. Further training of a central army occurs. The British continue work on Rohtasgarh Fort. The mass arrival of the Irish in west India is tough for the Indians but they're told to keep to themselves largely so it's fine. Indians are taken from cities and stuff and moved to Uluru.
 * The king thanks the British for their support and, in return, orders for a mini-port city to be built on the west side of the northern coast of Egypt, and for it to be named after the current king of Britain.


 * Sultanate of Egypt: The Sultan declares himself King of Egypt instead of the sultan, and renamed Egypt into the Kingdom of Egypt. We send diplomats to both Belka and Britain to establish diplomatic ties with them, and offer them to station their troops in Egypt, and say that we will lease the Suez Canal to both of them for 100 years of they both jointly administer it, in exchange, they will send doctors, teachers, military advisors, and allow foreign exchange students to study in their capitals and universities, along with them both supporting Egypt against the Arabs (FEUD RESPONSE NEEDED!!). We continue to slowly build up our infrastructure, such as continuation with roads along the nile, and starting to build up more of our major cities such as Cairo and Alexandria. European weapon designs are adopted and begin being built and supplied to our soldiers on the front lines in the Sinai. Old Egyptian architecture and culture is celebrated and paid homage to in the form of the first ancient Egyptian museum in Egypt, which has King Muhammed Ali II in person there to open the new museum. The museum includes many ancient artifacts found during the Napoleonic Wars, and has the most charable artifact of all time, the Rosetta Stone, on display. The museum is styled in a combination of old Egyptian architecture and modern European architecture. Islam is also included in a celebration of Egyptian history and culture, and living an Islamic life is highly encouraged, and many anti-drug and alcohol laws are passed this year, in attempt to gain support from the Caliph in Cairo. Parliament passed new leglisltion fully legalizing public Coptic worship in Egypt as a whole, and takes it to the next step by introducing freedom of religion to Egypt, and actively encourages diversity in religion. Militarization of the mouth of the Nile continues, and many soldiers are placed around the Nile, with many military ships patrolling the nile river.


 * Republica Iberia: In 1850 Republica Iberia continues the reforms aimed at pulling Iberia into step with the rest of Europe. The High Command of the Fuerzas Armadas de Iberia continues the reforms of the Army, bringing Sandoval Rifles into service in the Brigada Assalta and a carbine version into service with the Brigada Rapida and Brigada Colonia. By the end of the year the entirety of the Iberian Army is equipped with the Sandoval Rifles or Carbines. With the navy’s shipyards brought up to speed the navy orders the production of 8 first rate frigates and 12 second rate frigates in addition to the 16 third rates already in service. The hulls of the first four first-rate steamships-of-the-line are completed this year while the hulls of another four of the second-rate steamships-of-the-line are also completed. The hulls of the other four first-rate steamships-of-the-line are laid-down along with another four of the second-rate steamships-of-the-line. Efforts continue to modernize the older ships from the First Republic and the Navy begins using the sailors as a workforce to help in the modernization efforts.Industrialization of Northern Iberia continues with strong growth in coal production and factory construction. The iron industry continues its boom around Toledo and large textile plants open across Catalonia. Rail service continues to expand and and many cities have at least some form of access. Cotton from the increasingly productive Andalucia floods into Catalonian textile mills. Farming flourishes in the South as the large system of water management allows some farmers to grow two crops in a single year.
 * En las Antillas Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of sugar for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other sugar producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2,000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En las Indias Orientales Ibéricas: La Asamblea Colonial continues to encourage the production of spices for export and sale. While the region faces stiff competition from other spice producing countries the business is still profitable. The Colonial Legion of 2,000 is kept as a standing defense force of the Antillas.
 * En África Ocidental Ibérica: Colonial Governor, Santiago Fernández resumes his plans for expansion once more with the continued support of the Brigada Colonia from. The colony now spans from Maghreb to nearly the north bank of the Rio Senegany (OTL Senegal). Facing impenetrable desert inland the colony expands into the last remaining land in the strip of coast. With no direction for colonial expansion, voices of empire grow restless in the colony and parliament of Iberia.A Diplomatic Envoy is sent to Senegany (the country just south of the Iberian Colony) offering preotectoratship. A detatchment of 1,000 of the Brigada Colonia accompanies the Envoy to the border to act as encouragement. (Mod Response Needed)