Hindustan (Mughal Glory)

Hindustan, officially the Hindustani Empire, is an industrialized nation in South Asia.

Hindustan, officially the Hindustani Empire (Hindustani Shahrajya), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the third-most populous country with over 400 million people, and the second-most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the south-west, and the Bay of Bengal on the south-east, it shares land borders with Iran to the west;[d] China and Tibet to the north-east; Burma to the east; and Sinhala to the south. In the Indian Ocean, Hindustan is in the vicinity of the Maldives.

Home to the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation and a region of historic trade routes and vast empires, the land that is now Hindustan was identified with its commercial and cultural wealth for much of its long history. Four world religions—Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism—originated here, whereas Judaism, Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam arrived in the 1st millennium CE and also helped shape the region's diverse culture. Gradually annexed by and brought under the administration of the Timurids from the early 16th to the 18th centuries and administered directly by the emperor from the mid-19th century. Hindustan became a democracy in 1898. However, after a defeat from the Allied Powers in the First World War, the Diwan, Motilal Nehru, established a dictatorship to keep riots from disintegrating Hindustan. He was assassinated in 1931 by an Islamist group known as the Azad Hind Party. This caused the party to get ahold of Bengal and Assam. By 1940, Japanese support enabled Azad Hind to also capture the eastern seaboard. However, American troops assisted in defeating Azad Hind. The son of Motilal Nehru, Jawaharlal Nehru, became the provisional Diwan of Hindustan. He reestablished democracy in Hindustan and also removed the hereditary nature of Maharajas, Nizams, and Nawabs.

The Hindustani economy is the world's tenth-largest by nominal GDP and third-largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). Following market-based economic reforms in 1991, India became one of the fastest-growing major economies; it is considered a newly industrialized country. A nuclear weapons state and a regional power, it has the third-largest standing army in the world and ranks eighth in military expenditure among nations. Hindustan is a federal constitutional empire governed under a parliamentary system consisting of 29 states. India is a pluralistic, multilingual, and a multi-ethnic society. It is also home to a diversity of wildlife in a variety of protected habitats.

History
Ancient Hindustan was the site of several empires. These empires have influenced Southeast Asia. However, several Turks also invaded Hindustan. One of them, Babur, was of the house of Timur. His empire rapidly expanded into what is now North Hindustan. It continued to expand quickly. Akbar, his grandson, repealed the tax on non-Muslims. He began the secular tradition of Hindustan.

Dara Shikoh's Reign
Dara Shikoh, an emperor of Hindustan, vassalized the Deccan and began a period of rapid expansion. His reign is celebrated as being one of the most prosperous.

Hindustani Imperialism
However, his descendants, in the next century, began a policy of imperialism and, through sieges, destroyed European trading posts. Throughout the 18th century, it occurred.

Enlightenment
In the 19th century, however, the Enlightenment spread to Hindustan. In this century, the emperor lost most of his power and the tax-collecting Diwan gained it.

20th Century
In the First World War, Hindustan invaded and occupied Burma. However, when all of its allies fell, Hindustan surrendered. Its defeat was unconditional, unlike its allies. However, Hindustan fell into disarray. Motilal Nehru declared martial law and it continued until his assassination by Azad Hind forces in 1931. In this period, Hindustan was ruled by local princes, except for Bengal and Assam, which was ruled by Azad Hind. This situation continued until 1940, when Japanese troops arrived to assist Azad Hind, conquering Hindustan's eastern seaboard until 1943, when Free British and American troops liberated Hindustan.

Demographics
49% Hindu

48% Muslim

1% Sikh

1% Jain

1% Other

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