Hungary (Chaos)

Rise under King
In 1237, the returned to the. While in OTL he found them eradicated by the, ITTL he started to convert them to Christianity and tried to recruit them to settle in Hungary. A delegation of them visited Hungary proper and liked the idea of settling there. Thus, king Bela could widen the population base of his country. Since his country wasn't ravaged by the Mongols, this helped him too. In 1243, he conquered ; and in 1246, he fought, killing the last duke Friedrich II. and became Hungarian sphere of influence, and many Volga Hungarians settled there. In 1254, Hungary "divided" Styria with young king Venceslaus / Vaclav II|Bohemia}}. Hungary got the better part, only a few border cities became Austrian. tried to improve the situation one year later, waged war against Hungary, but was defeated. In the same year, prince Stephen / Istvan married a princess of the Volga Hungarians.

In his last years, Bela had troubles with his son, who'd rebel against him in 1262, and practically got his own kingdom in Eastern Hungary. 1268, Prince Istvan invaded Bulgaria to widen his power base. Only the weakness of Byzantium and the crusader states, the Hungarian threat to Serbia and the fact that Hungary itself is close to be overextended prevents that Bulgaria is even worse off. In 1270, he died.

End of the Arpad dynasty
Just two years after becoming king, Istvan V died too, and Ladislaus / followed him. In 1274, Hungary occupied Serbia. But in 1275, Otakar Przemysl, who had become Roman king in the meanwhile, attacked Hungary with his Bavarian allies, and this time he won. Styria was divided: Western / Upper Styria became part of Austria (thus connecting the Przemyslids' possessions), the rest (two thirds) became (Upper) Bavarian. The Serbs rebelled 1284 against the Hungarians under Stefan Uroš II Milutin of the former Serbian Nemanjic dynasty. Fightings went on for several years, but at the end, the Hungarians were stronger. In 1290, when Laszlo died, they had to make his last relative king ; he'd be the last king of the Arpad dynasty in Hungary, and he died quite soon too, in 1301.

Under various dynasties
The nobles had elected the Wittelsbach Duke Otto II of Lower Bavaria king, but in 1304 he left the country again, and they had to replace him by Louis / of the Anjou dynasty. But in 1363, this dynasty died out too, so they chose the Polish kings to become kings of Hungary as well; and in 1371, they again changed dynasties, now electing Sigismund / Zsigmond I of Luxembourg. But like the Anjous, this dynasty also ended with the death of his childless grandson in 1432. Now they chose Karl / Károly III from Hesse, who stayed quite unpopular in Hungary, so it was almost a relief when he died childless in 1460.

The Landshut dynasty and the defeat against the Seljuks
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