Saint Atlantis (Premysloides Dynasty)

Syncretic Society
Roman Revivalism as the term, is used for whole complex of social, cultural, ethical and national subjects and elements. Its range from education, religion status,women's rights to Ancient revivalism, social rights, science, development and ideologies. As different these subjects are, they all have common unconditional loyalty to Emperor and Empire.

Syncresis
Emperor Romanos V understood question of loyalty of imperial subjects and also wanted to encourage imperial subjects to not be loyal only to the Emperor himself, but also to the Empire itself. As patriotic sense was lost during collapse of Western Roman Empire, Romanos V decided with forming new mentality with collaboration with military, scholars, culture elites and local provincial governors. Ideology of "Roman Patriotism" was based on supremacy of Roman citizens over non-Romans.

However, to became a "Roman citizen", there were some duties you had to do. Paying taxes, serve in army for two years, be literate, be born on core or expanded imperial territory. Women were exempt from serving army, but they had to bear three children to became full right citizen. On the other hand, citizenship was not restricted by ethnicity, race or religion.

To encourage people be citizens and loyal servants of Roman Empire, Imperial Government created three political classes. Beside social classes (lower, agrarian, city, burgeois, aristocracy), Imperial Government created Full-Citizens, Non-Citizens and Slave classes with different rights and position. Slaves were most inferior class with only protection from torture, crippling and death by slave-owner. For example, crippled slave had to be released and slave-owner had to pay him for life rent enough high to slave survive. Most differences, however, were between Full Citizens and Non-Citizenditions achieve Full-Citizenship was based on meritocracy and did not favour anyone. Worker paying taxes, willing for self-education and served in Imperial Army had higher chance to became Full-Citizen rather then lazy rich boy. Because of that, it can't be compared with "Plebian" and "Patrician" class of Old Empire, as political rights in Old Empire was much more connected with wealth and property then with endeavour, loyalty and imperial virtues.

Estates
Very soon, Romanos V's efforts to restore former cultural glory of Roman Empire collide with most important basic part of every each culture - language question. Romanos V at younger age studied Latin when he was assigned to became a Catholic priest and was reasonable to understand difficulty of  Latin for common people as this difficulty was one of the reasons for the decay of former Roman Empire. In 1252, Imperial Government approved Emperor "Latin Reform Act" which instructed local offices, bureaucracy and scholars with comprehensive guideline about Latin Reform.

In all provinces were assigned two official languages: Latin and prevailing local languages (Serbian language in Serbian province, Greek in Greece province, or even Turkic languages in eastern provinces etc.). Second, Emperor formed council of linguists to reform Latin into so-called "Simplified Latin". This process took about two years after which council published full report about new language which was hybrid of original Latin, Italian and Spanish dialects and was able to be used by both Latin and Cyrillic alphabet. From publication date, all education institutes were forced to teach "Simplified Latin" as new imperial language.

Education, Science and Research
Most comprehensive changes occurred during Romanos reign not only in economy and fiscal policy, but also in education, scientific and research policy, as Romanos recognition need of technological superiority above numerous enemies of Empire. However, he supported not only military research like biochemical weapons, or gunpowder, but also medical, physical, astronomical, natural and technical science. Mastermind of education reform was first magistrate of learning, master Roger Bacon who was longest serving education magistrate in Roman Empire history (about 30 years, until his retirement).

"Bacon Educational Reform", as it is called today, was not classical reform, but rather up-to-below hierarchical, quantitative and qualitative changes. First step of reform was even before Liberation of Constantinople, when Emperor Romanos received letter from group of scholars demanding restoration of Platonic Academy dissolved by Emperor Iustinian. At first, Romanos was open to this idea, but Bacon was critic and called it as "nostalgic stupidity". Instead, Bacon proposed forming "University Pentarchy" - reestablishment of Constantinople University and founding Athenes, Thessaloniky, Sardinian and Smyrna universities. Constantinople would be appointed as central university under control of Imperial Government with own research based on Bacon Scientific Method (Observation-Hypothesis-Data Gathering-Testing).

University Pentarchy was finally finished in 1266 with opening of Sardinian University modeled by Bolognese University, while remaining universities were modeled by Constantinople. In question of Universities, we must mention so-called "Imperial Academies", while these institutions were higher-education, they were specialized on policy, military training, economy, administrative and education of administrative cadres rather then on classical education and were under the supervision of Emperor himself and Imperial Armed Forces.

Beside university reform, the emperor sanctioned development of secondary education in all provincial towns. Every each provincial capital opened secondary schools "triumvirate". They had to open three different types of school - Artisanry and Trade, Science and Arts and Military-type secondary schools.

Third part of Bacon reform, universal education, however, was not implemented as it was very costly and with little to nothing interest of population. First universal education was implemented by Emperor Valerianus IV in 1422.

Roman Empire very soon became "Beacon of Knowledge", as most scholars banished from Catholic Europe and scientists and scholars from Persia and Baghdad, went to Constantinople, Smyrna or Thessaloniky. Roman Empire primary scientific focus was on mechanical development, physics, medicine, astronomy and military research. Roman Empire allocated own budget for science and development, which consisted own research, experiments, building scientific infrastructure, modernization of equipment and laboratories and also introducing of technologies into Empire. Imperial Decree fixed budget at 2% GDP (which increased from $60 million in 1250 to $2.2 billion in 1312). Also, number of scientists and inventors grew from 150 per million (1250) to 800 per million (1312).

One of most important event in education and scientific history happened in 1264 and ironically, had not anything common with education and science. Second Monetary Reform implemented by Imperial Government introduced banknotes to monetary system, however technical problems and incapabilities of employee to mass hand copying new banknotes led to usage of woodblock and movable printing techniques adapted by Chinese master Weng. Weng and his employees then proposed improvement of this printing techniques for book publishing. Year later, Constantinople University, group of engineers and master Weng were assigned to improve printing techniques. After five years of intense development, master Weng and master Bacon introduced printing press to Roman Emperor Romanos and to Empire itself. First real printed book and also gift to Emperor Romanos, was "Weng Composition", book composed by Epic of Gilgamesh, Iliad, Odyssey, Aeneid, Gallic War of Julius Caesar, Ab Urbe Condita of Livy, Germania of Tacitus, Natural History of Pliny, Life of 12 Caesars of Suetonius, De Re Military of Vegetius and "Full Canon" composed of all preserved Christian books and canons, included apocryphal and heretical. Irony is, that Weng himself did not put in this composition any Chinese literature. First Chinese literature was published in "Second Composition" in 1278 with Confucius classics books.

Economy
Romanos reign focused on return Roman Empire culture and mentality before age of Emperor Heraclius, while he wanted to avoid mistakes and decadence of fallen Western Empire, he had strong nostalgia in old Imperial culture.

Among other elements, Romanos reign also revived former Roman Empire culture. By Imperial Decree, Romanos reopened gladiator games and established pits in Constantinople, Thessaloniky, Sardinia and Smyrna. Very soon, gladiator pits became important source of local provincial revenues, as most of revenues were left intact in hands of province, instead of transferred into Imperial Treasury (except Constantinople pit). Emperor also reopened chariot races.

In clothing, Emperor used red and purple pallium, with light armor beneath. He ordered all imperial officials, provincial governors and members of Imperial Government to wear pallium and other late-Roman clothes.

Architecture also changed. "Great Reconstruction of Constantinople" in earliest months of Romanos reign opened very rare possibility to initiate massive changes in architecture. As 80% of Constantinople buildings were torn down, because they were ruined, uninhabitable, without connection to streets and sewers, on their places were build new houses and buildings in style called as "Neo-Classicism". Probably most controversial decision was destroying of "Great Nymphaeum" on top of "Third Hill" in heart of Constantinople. Instead of Nymphaeum, Emperor ordered build new imperial palace, called as Emperor Kreml, as architect leading reconstruction was Russian Feodosios Ignatiev.