Mundus Novus (Map Game)

I Welcome to Mundus Novus (New World), a universe in which the Americas is the most advanced continent on the globe, and the leader in global colonization.

It is the year 1492, and the first successful expedition to the east (OTL Iberia) has returned, sparking interest in more voyages. Along the eastern coast, merchant republics such as Chesapeake prosper, and become the center of the great artist, cultural, and literary rebirth movement. The great kingdoms of the Cherokee, Shawnee, Delaware, and others, dominate the region, while the relatively new Iroquois Confederacy is rapidly on the rise. The ancient and prestigious empire of Cahokie, which once dominated all of the Mississippi River, remains resolute and influential, despite the emperor losing land to breakaway states and vassals.

The central plains, which serve as highways of trade between east and west, have become chaotic from the rise of the Great Sioux Empire, the Shoshone Empire, and other powerful states, prompting the east coast to search by sea for a route to the other side of the continent. The Holy Western Empire, now largely fragmented into dozens of smaller states, controls the western coast, along with the Salish Empire. The Aztecs dominate the Valley of Mexico, rapidly uniting the region, and exporting its culture and religion north toward the plains and deserts. The Mayans under the hegemony of Mayapan remain loosely united, and strong trading partners to the many island empires of the Caribbean. In the southern continent, the Inca have become the dominant power, however, the Muisca control the lands to their north, followed by the powerful Arawak Empire and the Tupi of the Amazon.

Moderators

 * Neesym
 * Nathan1123
 * Vandenhoek

Signups
This list of initial nations is incomplete, and may be added to with moderator permission.

Northeast US

 * Iroquois -
 * Susquehanna -
 * Delaware - Neesym (talk) 18:53, March 31, 2019 (UTC)
 * Mahican -
 * Pocumtuk -
 * Pennacook -
 * Massachusset -
 * Nipmuc -
 * Pequot -
 * Naguamsett -
 * Montauk -
 * Wappinger -
 * Wampangag -
 * Abenaki -
 * Powhatan -
 * Conoy -
 * Nanticoke -
 * Nansemund -
 * Chesapeake - Oh, I didn't mean to push that button! † Oh, well leave a message I guess  16:13, March 31, 2019 (UTC)
 * Weapemeoc -
 * Tuscarora -
 * Nottoway -
 * Meherrin -
 * Tutelo -
 * Erie -

Canada

 * Thule Empire - Emperorkangxi
 * Miꞌkmaq
 * Beothuk ---DRAFIGO13 (talk) 19:23, March 30, 2019 (UTC)
 * Passamaquoddy -
 * Wolastoqiyik -
 * Plains Cree -
 * Woods Cree -
 * Swampy Cree -
 * Moose Cree -
 * Eastern Cree -
 * Innu - Ahoys123   15:29, April 1, 2019 (UTC)
 * Haida Gwaii -     [[Image:Cthulhu.jpg|30px|link=User blog:Thewolvesden]]     [[Image:Wolf hd by arma3lonewolf-d8m9rto.jpg|38px|link=User:Thewolvesden]]     Deadly State of Mind    Leader of the Knights of Scraw.  12:11, March 31, 2019 (UTC)

Southeast US

 * Cherokee - Reximus | Talk to me!
 * Shawnee -
 * Muskogee -KK
 * Yamasee -
 * Chickasaw -
 * Choctaw -
 * Okimate of Roanoke - Curmudgeonly yours - Crim 00:06, March 31, 2019 (UTC)
 * Alabama -
 * Chatot -
 * Pensacola -

Central US

 * Cahokie -
 * Great Sioux Empire - Bel of the illusions 02:55, March 31, 2019 (UTC)
 * Potawatomi -
 * Miami -
 * Winnebago -
 * Fox -
 * Iowa -
 * Omaha -
 * Missouri -
 * Kansa -
 * Pawnee -
 * Osage -
 * Kiowa -
 * Arapaho -
 * Cheyenne -
 * Crow -
 * Kiowa -
 * Comanche -
 * Apache -
 * Lipan -
 * Wichita -
 * Tonkawa -
 * Karankawa -
 * Atakapa -
 * Natchez -
 * Quapaw -

Western US

 * Shosone Empire -
 * Salish Empire - Lord Falconis
 * Blackfoot -
 * Ute -
 * Southern Paiute -
 * Northern Paiute -
 * Nez Perce -

Holy Western Empire

 * Chumash -
 * Salinan -
 * Yokuts -
 * Esselen -
 * Costanoan -
 * Pomo -
 * Niwok -
 * Patwin -
 * Maidu -
 * Nisenan -
 * Miwok - Cour *talk*
 * Yuki -
 * Achomawi -
 * Modoc -
 * Klamath -
 * Kalapuya -

Mesoamerica

 * Aztec Empire - You dont even need a where or a when, this is how every it gets 09:43 CET March 30th 2019
 * League of Mayapan - User:DrivingFan42|DrivingFan42] (talk)
 * Xalisco Empire -
 * Colliman Kingdom -
 * Tzintzuntzan Kingdom -User:Tashaci
 * Guamar Confederacy -
 * Tlaxcala Confederacy -
 * Yopitzinco -
 * Teotitlan -
 * Tututepec -
 * Miskito-

Caribbean

 * Kingdom of Ayiti - General534 (talk) 17:18, March 30, 2019 (UTC)
 * Cacicazgo of Zui - General534 (talk)
 * Cacicazgo of Baracoa - General534 (talk)
 * Bayamo -
 * Camaguey -
 * Batabano -
 * Guanahatabey -
 * Baneke (Inagua) -
 * Sun Kingdom of Boriken - Adolf Coffee
 * Tobago -
 * Xaymaca -
 * Liamuiga -
 * Karukera -
 * Ichirouganaim -
 * Yurumei -

South America

 * Inca Empire - Cybermats, created by the Cybermen, they kill by feeding off Brainwaves 02:30, March 30, 2019 (UTC)
 * Guarani Empire - Guilhermelcb (talk) 01:37, March 31, 2019 (UTC)
 * Muisca Confederacy -
 * Arawak Empire - Fires

Mesopotamia

 * Assyrian Empire - Flag of Xyon.svg Vivaporius: "I don't need a slogan" 17:47, March 31, 2019 (UTC)

1490-1495
'The explorer Comerío Caguax, a Taino native under the employ of the Serene Republic of Chesapeake, departs on a voyage to the east, hoping to find a sea passage to the west coast. He lands in a new land (northwest Iberia), and makes contact with its primitive natives. '

'The Supreme Cacique of Cobao, Guayacayex, dies in battle on the western end of the island, seemingly making permanent the splintering of the island into separate nations. '

'In 1493 the Emperor of the Holy Western Empire, Cucunuchi of the Yokuts, dies of disease while traveling. The electors of Klamath, Chumash, Miwok, Pomo, Wintu, and Yurok are called to elect a new emperor. '

'The rapid expansion of the Shoshone causes a series of clashes with neighbors, as well as many fleeing west into the Empire. An alliance is formed of Puebloan nations, while the Paiute west of the Shoshone look to the coast dwellers for aid. '

'A large number of Thule settlements in OTL Iceland are razed by a revolt of the natives (the Norse). These natives are small in number, with many being escaped slaves. '


 * Tarascan State (Tzintzuntzan) 


 * League of Mayapan: The goal at this time is to unite all Mayan states, but not to the point when where are one nation. We want every city-state to feel Mayan. We look to the west and see the Aztecs. They are scaring us a bit. We enjoy trading with the many Caribbean island empires. The talk in Mayapan is all about Comerío Caguax, the Taino explorer. We look forward to send our own expedition to this new land.


 * Great Sioux Empire: Under the glorious reign of the Tȟáŋkanačá Sintemaza the great Sioux Empire continues to grow ever more glorious under the sun and stars. The expansion of our realm poses a great problem as the instability of these newly conquered lands are put into jeopardy. Sintemaza in his ever generous attitude allows these areas a large leash allowing them to govern over menial tasks. Although several overseers from the Tȟáŋkanačá's court are sent to watch over the clans and the tribes in order to keep them in line. Another noticeable development is that Sintemaza orders the construction of a city for the people to dwell in. This is styled in the manner of Cahokia as Sintemaza visited the city and was amazed by it. He begins the construction of a great city in the meeting of the Mní sóta and Mníšošethąka, while it is only initial it begins to slowly grow with many huts and stands opening up where hunters will barter their goods. A palace complex is similarly planned to be built utilizing stones from the north in its construction. Most noticeably Sintemaza turns his attention toward the southern nation of Iowa beneath them, the nation's precarious position concerns him, and he would wish to protect our brethren against the Cahokia. He sends a message to them requesting they pay tribute to the Tȟáŋkanačá in exchange for protection from the great Sioux army, or else a worse fate may befall them. MOD RESPONSE He also begins to open up the nation of Sioux to traders to bring in revenue for the Great Emperors. Most noticeably is the interactions between the three great tribes, the farming and sedentary Iháŋktȟuŋwaŋ, the harsh survivalists who subside mostly based on a hunting and gathering life style, the Isáŋyathi, and finally the tribe the current royal family comes from, the warrior and hunters the Thítȟuŋwaŋ. All of these tribes live in harmony in the kingdom as brother and sister in spite of their varying differences. They all play a pivotal role in our society and provide for us. However in order to keep the peace the Tȟáŋkanačá must take a wife from each of the clans of each of the tribes. Providing him with a harem of wives to produce a heir, and his son will continue the tradition. With his mother becoming the first Moonreader, the head of religious activities within the empire.
 * Báxoǰe (Iowa) rejects the offer from the Sioux Empire. 
 * Sioux Response: We regret that we must take this course of action but for the greater good of the Iowa and the Sioux we must bring them under our protection. They will understand in time, we send 15,000 men on horseback to take the Iowa by surprise, quickly knocking out any defense and preventing them from grouping up.
 * Tawantinsuyu: The empire stands strong this new decade. Topa Inca Yupanqui, the long ruling emperor of the Incan Empire, continues to age, and with this he is forced to choose one of his eldest sons to succeed him. One of his wives, Chuqui Ocllo, convinces Topa to go with Ccapac Huari as his successor and sticks with it, angering his other son, Huayana Capac, who begins to plot behind his brother’s back. Sinpa Inca Topa dies of old age in 1493 and the traditional Incan death ceremony is conducted for him where he is ceremoniously mummified, and Ccapac Huari succeeds him as emperor of the Incas, and is immediately confronted with a plot to assassinate him via poisoning by his brother, in which Ccapac Hauri orders him arrested and executed as a show of strength, and begins to consolidate power, putting down his rivals, but still has them posthumously honored as is Incan customs. As Sinpa, Ccapac has a change of pace, and decides to halt the constant conquest the empire has been conducting practically since its creation, and instead begins to consolidate power in newly conquered territories. Integration of the local peoples of these newly acquired territories begins and many of the chiefs and rulers of these tribes are educated in the Incan way. Various peoples of the new lands are incorporated into the Incan creation myth as to further the idea that they are Incan and share the same origin. Sinpa Inca Ccapac continues to build up the city of Quito like his father did, who had a strange fascination with the city, but also other cities like the capital Cuzco and such. The cultures of the newly incorporated peoples are adopted into mainstream Incan culture and customs. Sinpa Inca Ccapac continues to honor his father’s legacy by continuing to go to his father’s corpse, which is mummified, each day for guidance and wisdom. The Incan “Highway” System is expanded into the new territories and other parts of the empire, and economic incorporation is launched, setting up new warehouses to store weapons, food, and water in the territories. The “highway” system is further expanded allowing the Empire to become the most well connected nation in the known world, allowing resources, messengers, and soldiers to quickly move across the country. We Send diplomats to the Aztec Empire offering to establish full relations (YCASTO RESPONSE).


 * Kingdom of Ayiti: Ayiti (OTL Hispaniola) is a union of the five old cacicazgo (chiefdoms): Marien, Jaragua, Maguana, Magua, and Higuey, all ruled by a high cacique named Guamacao. Politically, it is analogous to the High Kings of Ireland, albeit more centralized, and so "kingdom" may be an acceptable term to describe it, as well as "kassikate". The kingdom also has two autonomous states under her protection: Zui, on the western coast of Ayiti, and Baracoa, a Taino state across the water in Cubao. When Cacique Guamacao receives word of his countryman Comerío's discoveries, he begins preparing to sponsor his own exploratory voyage and watching for further developments with interest. In 1495, the Ayitian explorer Baguanamey attempts to find Comerio Caguax's land, but is blown off course in a storm, instead discovering a number of verdant, uninhabited islands surrounded by pristine blue waters. He names these islands "Guaraguao", after the hawks that nest there. Later, he discovers a rockier group of islands, which he calls "Pimugna" after the islands off the coast of Kai (OTL California). The expedition is celebrated as a success, and Guamacao plans to organize more voyages in the coming years. Looking to strengthen relations with neighboring Taino polities, Guamacao offers his daughter Higuamota in marriage to an eligible member of royalty in the Sun Kingdom of Boriken. He also builds a temple in Higuey Province to Atabeira, goddess of the sea, as thanks for blessing the recent voyages and lifting the veil over the Eastern Ocean.


 * Aztec Empire: The Hueyi Tlatoani (emperor) of the city of Tenochtitlan, Ahuitzotl reigns for over a decade now. The current alliances of the empire consist of the triple alliance with Texcoco and Tlacopan, (though they are way closer to the empire than in OTL). When Ahuitzotl receives the message of a new land to the east, he is immediately interested in sending his men to this land as well. A major problem is the smaller kingdom of the Arawak and Caribbeans that block the access to the open sea from the Aztec Empire. In the recent years, when the lands of the Totonac were conquered under Mocteczuma II, the Aztecs gained access to the sea at the city of Cempoala, the former capital of the Totonac Empire. An envoy of diplomats is sent to the island of Cuapana (Coabana, OTL Cuba), to convince the local Cazice (chiefs) to join an alliance with the great Aztec Empire (MOD RESPONSE, PLEASE). More roads are built to Totonacan to make contact, organization and the future expeditions to the east easier. A major reform is the development of a universal writing system, inspired by the mayan alphasyllibary but far more simplified. The shapes of some symbols are used for the alphabet in its shape, though the system works entirely differently. While the Mayan script is a logosyllibary, where logographic hyroglyphs are combined with symbols representing syllibaries, the Aztec symbol has developed an alphabet: every sound has its own symbol, though affricates like "tz" and "tl" have their own symbols respectively. Since Nahuatl (aztec) differentiates between long and short vowels, the vowel symbols are simply spelled twice.


 * The Plains Cree is a confederacy centered around the “Three Cities” of Sīphkwaskosiya (ᓰᐱᐦᑲᐧᐢᑯᓯᔭ; “Blue Grass”), Osāwahkesīs (ᐅᓵᐊᐧᐦᑫᓰᐢ; “Red Fox”) and Osāwekin (ᐅᓵᐁᐧᑭᐣ; “Yellow Cloth”). The total population is estimated to be 1-1.5 million, or about half of the total ethnic Cree population. While originating farther east, the Plains Cree is culturally intertwined with other Plains Indians through their shared participation in the fur trade – of which the Plains Cree are a leader in. Other major exports asides from furs and hides, are apicultural products (mead, honey, wax), timber, and rapeseed oil. While the Three Cities – due to their status as the only extensively-urbanized area – serve as the confederacy’s center of trade and industry, the majority (~90%) of the population resides in rural areas, most in small settlements referred to as a “band”. Each typically have ~500 residents, most of whom are generally part of the same clan. A household (or “lodge”) often consists of multiple related couples (often sisters and their husbands and children). The Three Cities provide these bands protection and guaranteed access to trading networks, in-exchange for tribute (in grain, meat, furs, and hides) or occasionally, corvée. Similar to the majority of Native American societies, kinship is traced trough maternal lines, and thus, so is the passage of property and titles. Endogamy (or inter-marriage between clan members) is strictly prohibited, and could be punished with banishment. Bands, while generally self-sufficient, maintains relations with each other through trade as well as frequent intermarriage. Each band is headed by two elected officials who generally serve life-long terms, the “War Chieftain”, and the “Peace Chieftain” – both of whom are jointly-responsible for the enforcement of law and order, as well as fulfills a judicial role. While the Plains Cree are egalitarian, there is a noticeable division of labor between the sexes. Men participate in diplomatic and trading missions, as well as head hunting expeditions. Meanwhile, women – in addition to domestic duties – cultivate grain and legumes, process hides and furs, and produce other household goods. Both sexes generally learn archery and horseback warfare, with women utilizing those skills to ward off predators or intruders when their husbands are gone. The Plains Cree are headed by the “Supreme Council”, which functions as both the executive and the legislative body. It oversees both domestic and foreign affairs, and enforces a limited criminal code. The “Supreme Council” consists of numerous “High Chiefs” and one “Supreme Chief”, though the former holds an advisory role to the latter, who is viewed as the “first among equals”. Both positions are elected by the people, and serve ten-year terms. While the society is generally egalitarian, with no clearly-defined class structure, there is a noble class consisting of men participating in military service, and women as civil officials or clerics. It is not, however, hereditary, and the acquisition of this status is determined through examination by civil or military officials to determine whether he/she is fit for the role.
 * Salish Kingdom: We hear the Paiiute call for aid, and send an armed company to first secure the passes across the Cascades. The Great Salish Kingdom, from Snoqualmie to Chehalis, from Sequim to the borders of Yakima, has ascended into glory. This glory must be increased. An offer is sent to Yakima for vassalization.
 * Serene Republic of Chesapeake: Asquash, a former secretary of defense for the Republic, is elected to Great Wohack by the Supreme Council this year. He is native born from the seat of the republic in Wicomico, and thus is granted the most favor after a long line of foreign Wohacks. Comerio Cagaux was at first cautiously sponsored, as his concept of reaching the west coast by sailing east made sense on paper, but most scholars on the council considered it a pointless endevor. After Cagaux returned from his voyage in 1493, opinions on the matter changed drastically. Cagaux wrote extensive letters to the Supreme Council, describing the evidence that he successfully reached the west coast, or at least an island half-way in between. The council therefore decided that these new islands could provide a new source of revanue to the ever-expanding republican economy, and in 1495 established a permanent colony in the region along the Lustitanian coast. The native Lustitanian people are offered extensive trade agreements in exchange of settling their land, who so far have proven rather amendable and friendly. A second voyage by Comerio discovers a set of islands, possibly also visited by Baguanamey, which he decides to name the Oaska (Black) Islands. At home, the republic focuses heavily on the expansion of their market revenue, to finance larger and more efficient navy and armaments. The Nantian Arsenal is established on the coast, operating as a production-based foundry able to produce a vast navy on its own. Larger foundries are built further inland, producing cannons of larger calibre and range. The University of Wicomico forms a lucrative foothold in the government, being sponsored far more than any other institution. The Chief Dean holds significant influence to the council, as the general population holds a great weight of trust in the more educated classes. The council approves of large construction projects into the Bay, creating barges and coastal bridges to help span the distance from one side to the other. We offer to form an alliance with Delaware, to support our mutual interest in trade along the Atlantic coast (MOD RESPONSE)
 * Thule Dip: Emperor Tulugaak offers a trade deal with Chesapeake. He offers furs, whale blubber, timber from Iceland, fish, and other goods.
 * We accept the trade offer.
 * Lenapehoking: By this time the Lenni Lenape had ended yet another war in its long string of conflicts with the upstart Iroquois, and their occasional allies, such as Susquehanna. As per the [1486] Treaty of Absecon, the nation had secured the highly important Sisa'we'hak'hanna (“Oyster River”; OTL Susquehanna), from Conestoga and Ka'ot'sch'ie'ra in the north to the bay in the south, but at great cost to the nation. This allowed easier trade toward the south, with land routes from Moyamensing (South Philadelphia) to the west end of the peninsula being widely used. With peace in the west having been confirmed, the nation looked toward Sewanhaka (Long Island), where the nation had suffered the loss of the western half of the island to the Metoac years prior. In order to secure the area around the prosperous city of Manaháhtaan (New York City), the nation orders an army under the command of General Kiondashawa to land on seize the island in 1491. The army consists of 600 heavy cavalry (OTL Gendarme), 1,000 light horse, 12,000 infantry, 2,000 Powhatan mercenaries, and 30 artillery pieces, and lands at the town of Keskachauge in Canarsee (southeast Brooklyn). With the navy having been rebuilt from the ground up following the disastrous [1474] Battle of Sapokanikan, the nation establishes a naval presence around the island, hoping to dissuade attacks in the region. Three years later, after the war concludes, the nation becomes interested in the voyages of Comerío Caguax one-half decade prior, and commissions a similar venture. A sailor named Bemino Olum'ane is placed in command of a small group of ships, which departs for the east. He lands on a small island (OTL Lajes das Flores), which he calls Wëskmëna, encountering a small number of natives. He continues eastward, discovering a safe harbor that he calls Langundowi (OTL Lisbon). He turns back and arrives in the nation by the end of [1495]. The alliance offer from the Chesapeake is accepted.


 * Beothuk: King Beuthuk II takes the throne after the sudden death of his father. His first act as king is to establish an official army. The army (until I have a population count) consists of 1,000 infantry and three ships. We send out the entire fleet to explore as far as they can go until they need to return for supplies.
 * Thule Dip: Emperor Tulugaak proposes an alliance with the Beothuk. He also proposes trade between the two realms, offering furs, whale blubber, timber from Iceland, and other goods.
 * Thule Empire: The Thule Empire is a personal union of four Inuit kingdoms, namely Ungava, Kivalliq, Qikiqtaaluq, and Kalaalit, which were united by Queen Atiqtalik I of Ungava in 1393. The Thule Empire is somewhat analogous to the OTL Kalmar Union. The current leader of the Thule Empire is Emperor Tulugaak, who has been in power for nearly a decade now. Under his rule, the empire has been in a prosperous age. Tulugaak sends a band of diplomats south to propose a trade deal with the merchant republics of the East Coast, especially the Chesapeake. (CHESAPEAKE RESPONSE NEEDED) He also sends an envoy to King Beuthuk II of the Beothuk, proposing an alliance and trade deal. (BEOTHUK RESPONSE NEEDED) News of the Ayiti explorer, Comerío Caguax, reaches the royal court of Tulugaak. In response, he sends an expedition of his own, led by Ikiaq Novoligak. The expedition is blown off course by strong winds and does not reach the Iberian Peninsula. Instead, Novoligak's expedition reaches the land that will soon be known as New Nunavut (OTL Britain), sailing through the OTL Hebrides, along the coasts of Kalaatunmik (OTL Scotland), and up the OTL River Awe. Novoligak comes back with tales of the green hills and forests, the rising mountains of Kalaatunmik, and the strange culture of the natives. He describes to the king the odd appearance of the natives, with skin white as the snow and hair red as fire, and their odd customs, of which the practice of tattooing the bodies blue stands out. The natives, he says, speak an odd language. The tales of the lands of New Nunavut intrigue Emperor Tulugaak. Meanwhile, settlers are sent to coastal Iceland to exert Thule control over the island and push the rebellious Norsemen to the highlands. Supplies are sent to fortifications and defenses on the colony of Iceland in order to deal with the native rebellion. Emperor Tulugaak sends a small division of his military forces in order to quell the Norse rebellion in Iceland. (ALGO NEEDED)
 * Assyrian Empire: The newly enthroned king of Assyria, Adonibahal II, directs a census of the realm to be conducted, to inquire of the manpower requirements for the army. Seeking to secure his rule, Adonibahal has all of his brothers killed by having their eyes poked out and having them thrown to the lions outside of Nineveh. Their corpses are thrown into the Euphrates and their wives added to the harem of the king. A brief campaign against the nomadic peoples to the north is conducted by Adonibahal II to showcase his martial prowess to the soldiers, who are promised land in the conquered territories if they fight with valor and attain new slaves for the empire in the name of Marduk. Adonibahal II announces that his foreign policy shall be direct and aggressive, seeking to out-due the accomplishments of his father, and to secure the borders of the empire in the north by forcing the nomads of the region into an agreement either as subjects of Assyria, or to encourage them to make their way south to raid the lands of Babylon. In the domestic sphere, Adonibahal II encourages the peasants of the client cities to speak the Aramaic tongue, seeking to expand the influence of Nineveh's cultural dominance in the empire. Seeking to limit the power of the priests in the major cities, Adonibahal II assumes many of the religious duties performed by the priests, and places them under the jurisdiction of the royal palace. He proclaims himself to be the physical avatar of Marduk, and takes the highest-ranking priestess of the city temple for his wife, proclaiming her to be the physical manifestation of Ishtar. The people are given gifts of fruit and metalworks from the stores of the palace to encourage their acceptance of Adonibahal's claims, and the priests of the city are kept in line by encouraging them to serve as the arbiters of the king's will with his approval, making them sharers of the benefits bestowed by the loyalty of the masses. Adonibahal II directs the construction of a paved road between Nineveh and Ashur to encourage trade between the cities, and places soldiers are intervals along the road to protect traders and commoners from bandits. Assyria besieges the city of Turshan and tears down its walls, enslaving the inhabitants and resettling them throughout the empire. Aramaic-speaking Assyrians are moved into the region of Turshan, and encouraged to rebuild and resettle the land after the conquest of the city.

The Sun Kingdom of Boriken: with the ceremony of now the young 18-year-old King Maní III's coronation coming to a close, the municipal leaders return to Campilfegre Palace within the capital (OTL San Juan). Resulting talks trigger the proclamation after the discovery of new land within the east to lead to an expeditionary team led by Culifa Lakota. The Paralomo as the flagship of the small fleet of five ships led the way setting out to sea for new land and possibly new peoples to trade with and resources to discover. Four landings would be made along the journey more notably in southern Iberia or what Lakota referred to as Ixponia after the the people he had encountered. They seemed to be although well dressed and had some metals, lacked things such as proper cities and towns but just had villages. The people were for the most part friendly nonetheless. Lakota would bring back goods, animals, and anything of value they were able to trade from their stops. Along their way, maps had been made of territories ventured and the sealine leaving rough sketches. King Maní with the arrival of the explorers would be told the stories of their travels with them gaining new information such as the locations of “Sohgo”(OTL Bermuda), “Ixponia” (OTL lower Iberia), and some islands they had passed by without visiting called “Luhgo” (OTL Azores). Sohgo gains attraction as it is seen as the newest land known to be near making it an attractive spot to establish a trading post. As a result, with the island lacking natives, it became a place where merchants brought their families to settle. Only two dozen people had decided to travel over their and as a result, little progress was made yet the Sun Kingdom's naval leadership found interest in making it a location to house ships. This planning remains in the works although the island of Sohgo was placed under territory of the crown. Development of roads continue as cultivation of crops and produce surpluses becoming a cause for a rising population. The Campiflegre University soon becomes a school dominating art and literature alike with the philosophical studies and artistic works that had even gained the attraction of royalty wishing to display the pieces within the palace such as “A Sunless Jungle” pointing out the beauty taken in with the rain forests of Boriken in the evening made by the artist Moxtif Ajalka. A diplomat is sent to Kalinago to improve relations while the Arawak Empire is warned to not expand their territorial reaches or anticipate Boriken Intervention due to already resentment between the groups existing for a very long time and not wishing to see anymore states fall under their rule.
 * Okimate of Roanoke: The Roanoke People live under an Okimate (Okima meaning 'chief' in Algonquin) centered in the Central Outer Banks. The Roanoke are a vibrant community of various different Algonquian ethnic groups. Though they hold much territory along the banks of the Roanoke River, their home has historically been recognized as Roanoke Island. Its capital, Kurawotan (Eng. Croatoan, meaning 'council town'), which is located roughly near the location of OTL Wanchese. This Croatoan is not to be confused with the OTL 'Croatoan' on Cape Hatteras, though this area is an important city to the Roanoke. Though Roanoke is nominally a merchant republic administered by an elected official, the military holds the true power in Roanoke, as is the case in several other states along the Outer Banks. The military leader of the nation is known as the Okima. These states, which share an ethnic and geographic identity with Chowanoke, were once all part of a number of various states throughout history that have risen and fallen through time. Roanoke currently holds naval power over much of the Albemarle Sound, and their fleets of longships are frequently hired throughout the various Algonquin and Tuscaroan tribes of the Outer Banks. They do, however, frequently clash with the Chowanoke and Weapemeoc. Due to the close proximity of both Algonquian and Iroquoian-speaking peoples, there is much strife, though this does also result in dialogue between the two groups, which in-turn has allowed for a great network of inland trade. Currently, the reigning Okima is Machk Wisaw, who has held his office for forty years. The Menatona (elected leader - lit. 'one who listens well') is Paquiwoc Etlelooaat, who has been a rising star in Roanoke politics. The son of a Tuscaroan-speaking father and an Algonquian-speaking mother, Etlelooaat's ancestry is traced matrilineally, as is the custom in Roanoke. He assumes office in 1490. During this time, several longships are constructed while inland trade flourishes. The Roanoke attempt to establish a number of trade deals with the various East Coast Republics, namely Chesapeake. Machk Wisaw bolsters the Dune Riders this year; this elite legion of horse archers known for tearing through coastal settlements is infamous throughout the Carolinas as a premier fighting force. In the meantime, infrastructure along the barrier islands is expanded; though this infrastructure is oftentimes washed away by hurricanes, it is important to maintain the roads connecting the sparsely-populated barrier-islands to the rest of the community. In 1493, a number of Roanoke ships invade Ocracoke Castle. This fortress, once held by the Roanoke, has fallen into disrepair and was eventually seized by a rival family attempting to make their own fortune. Though nominally under the command of the Okima, the general leading the attack is none other than Paquiwoc Etlelooaat's daughter Makkitotosimew, who has come to be known as a fierce general. The attack comes at night, when Roanoke longships surround the island and land on its northern side while the rest form a blockade around the small island. After a short siege of the broken castle, Roanoke hopes to secure an easy victory and claim the castle to regain an important fortress on their southern shore.
 * Guarani Empire: The Guarani Empire (Avañe'ẽ Mburuvi) is a feudal empire covering the vast lands previously divided between various warring Guarani Kingdoms and Principalities. Having been just recently unified by the great Emperor Kuarahykatu, the Avañe'ẽ state remains highly militarized and still not stabilized. It´s military would be based around a core of very heavy cavalry and light/medium cavalry (akin to OTL knights and early hussars) ideal for the local terrain. Located in plains and bathed by the Paraná and Uruguay Rivers the Guarani lands would be very fertile and productive with Charki and Maize being its primary exports thus being, along with Het, the Breadbasket of South America. In 1490 Emperor Kuarahykatu would pass away after a 54-year Long reign and be succeeded by his Grandson Arandikatu. The new emperor would focus the five first years of his reign in stabilizing the land, giving favours to loyal subjects but not hesitating in using the experienced army forged by his grandfather to crush dissent among both peasantry and nobility. A census of all the land would also be held in 1492 in order to increase the tax and levying efficiency of the realm. Hoping to further bolster the economy of the realm envoys would be sent to the great Sapa Inka offering gifts and proposing a trade agreement (INCAN RESPONSE NEEDED), similarly diplomats would be sent to the Het and Wichí to establish trade deals (MOD RESPONSE NEEDED)
 * Tongva: News of the imperial being’s death traveled to the south on the backs of trade caravans and in the hulls of creaking Coast cutters, making its way into the dunes of the Ngáchishtemal. In the land between the walls of Yaa (Los Angeles) and the 'Aha Kwahwat (Lower Colorado River), the eastern trade routes passed through the Maarrenga Valley and into the lands of the Lord of Humwichawa (Joshua Tree), whose hub was the shining jewel of the sand lands. His empire dominated the great Pal Heluwut (Cahuilla Lake), whose canals supplied the valleys and the trails, making him the premier Watergarch in personal wealth, and a careful emissary in matters of religion. All along the long walk east and west, Humwichawa-branded Burned Men carried gifts of íngill and tesnekgawic (salt and gold), tattooed with messages across their bodies. Scorched for generations, the miraculous Pal Heluwut had begun to diminish in size just as the region had fallen under the sway of ʔívil̃uqaletem (Cahuilla), and after a century of such rule, the center of the kingdom’s population had shifted westward. Humwichawa remained a lasting eastern bastion still, with ambitions toward the great river. But to those across the sands, the decrepit Pàlocrats and desert people paled in comparison to their own kingdom; the Great Delta, centered at Shuhthagi Ki:him. Where the great river drained into the sea below, the Kingdom of the Delta had emerged as a colossal figure in the region. Descended from the Patayan Confederacy, which controlled the upper river in the north, the Delta People, had emerged only a century prior, as the Anaasází (Ancestral Puebloans) were rising and falling in the east. By this time the Delta had built a colossal city to rival even Siwañ Waʼa Ki or Oraibi, becoming rich from the politics of the Southwest. A city of reeds had been transformed to a city of stone, with bejewelled, sloping walls, and expansive floating farms. The city marked its wealth with colorful fauna and grandiose gardens, which boasted its abundance of precious water to the desert dwellers of beyond. The trade routes of ʔívil̃uqaletem terminated at the garden city, but from there many walked the path east across the deserts and plains, speaking the sign language of travelers. The Delta tolerated those around them, as even the fastest ships could not make their way around the peninsula quicker than they could transport goods across the desert. In the court of Humwichawa there was employed a high minister to oversee these affairs, and to serve as an ambassador to the Delta and other neighbors, named Alijivit of Jajamovit. Alijivit was born a Tongva outsider, becoming a mercenary leader in the Puebloan wars, and then a merchant across Ngáchishtemal. When the Emperor in the west died, according to legend, Alijivit led a group of hundreds of slaves and dissidents, marching upon his homeland. By some accounts Alijivit arrived at the head of an invading army, having seemingly betrayed his old homeland, but others say that he marched on the city after he heard the news about the Emperor, and took a band of rebels who rose up to follow him over their lord. In any case, the city bowed to Alijivit, who wed an influential medicine woman named Toypurina soon after. The ancient city was the site of the legendary hero Chinigchinix, who became the chief deity in a six god pantheon for the region long before the present, and so held immense power in the rest of the region. Soon after his return to his homeland, his former masters, Lord Humwichawa and the King of ʔívil̃uqaletem, are said to have invaded Alijivit’s domain, as they grew upset over his refusal to honor their control over Tongva’s trade. To the surprise of the invaders, Alijivit’s knowledge of the region and his strong alliances allowed him to achieve victory,and within years of that initial victory the balance of power would be shifted in the opposite direction. Elsewhere, a new Emperor would be elected later that year, but he would die only eighteen months later, which led to a highly contested and prolonged election. The domination by the Dynasty of Yelamu (San Francisco) had come to an end, with numerous other claimants being proposed over the reigning Yelamu in Ompuromo. Although the Elector of Mutsun remained loyal, the influential Elector of Miwok, Lord Cosomne, spearheaded a Miwok faction at the imperial election, while a northern faction led by Klamath developed as well. In the center of the empire war would break out, eventually drawing in states from across the region. It was under these circumstances that Alijivit of Tongva joined the war later on, successfully saving the anti-Miwok coalition at the Battle of Quiroste. For this feat, the unsuspecting minor lord was elected emperor, although he was not crowned.

1495-1500
'After a brief revolt on the island of Iëre (Trinidad) is crushed, the Arawak Empire declares war on the Kalinago (Island Carib of the Lesser Antilles), who supposedly supported the ambitions of the rebellious leaders of Iëre. '

'The invasion of Sewanhaka (Long Island) by the Lenni Lenape is victorious, with the Battle of Reckowacky resulting in a decisive victory. The Lenni Lenape suffer the loss of 1,610 men, while the defenders suffer the loss of 5,900 men. '

'After the death of Guayacayex, the title of Supreme Cacique of Cobao lapses out of use. However, a cousin of the last Supreme Cacique, Baguanao of Batabano, elects to accept an alliance with the Aztecs. He requests that the Aztecs lend him an army, so that he might reunite the lost empire of Cabao. '

'The Roanoke attack on Ocracoke Castle results in a Roanoke victory, with the castle’s inhabitants eventually surrendering to the attackers. Despite this, the besiegers are plagued by attacks from one Admiral Manteo, a privateer who was hired in vein to relieve the castle by sea. After numerous raids, Manteo flees south with a large number of ships and goods. '

'Both the Het and and the Wichí accept trade deals with the Guarani Empire, as well as with each other. '

'A small army of Shoshone, with a large number of Hopi mercenaries, engages in battle with the Patayan Confederacy at a region known as Wi:kaʼi:la, or Ongtupqa to the Hopi (the Grand Canyon). After a nearly six month long siege, with fierce fighting in the Patayan canyons, across a 200 mile distance, the battle ends inconclusively. This event dissuades the Shoshone as a whole from continuing south, leading to the nation instead favoring a push westward, to the detriment of the western coast. '

'The Galatian people begin an eastward migration to seek new sources of pastoral lands in the changing climates. The nomadic Hittite people are pushed out of their lands in central Anatolia and move farther east, organizing large scale raids on the Assyrian Empire from the highlands of the Tigris River. '

'The Babylonian Kingdom works toward expanding their trade to greater Near Eastern regions, particularly in Susa and Eylmais. They send military north to intervene in Assyria’s conflict, giving support to the nations recently attacked. '

'The invasion by the Great Sioux Empire against the nation of Iowa results in initial victory, however, at the Battle of Sungehkabi, the Iowa receive reinforcements from Cahokia, and manage to defeat the Sioux in battle. In total the Sioux suffer 5,020 casualties, the Iowa suffer 3,980 casualties, and the Cahokians suffer 590 casualties. '

'The Yakama reject the offer of vassalization from the Salish Empire. After Paiute and Salish forces engage in a brief struggle with the Shoshone, the Shoshone launch a full scale invasion of the northern Paiute. '

'The policies of the Assyrian King in regards to religion annoys the Christian population of the nation, leading to discontent and rebellion, particularly around the city of Ankawa. '


 * Beouthuk: With the help of our new ally,Thule a expedition lands in What is named Beothukland (OTL Ireland) and establishes a mayor settlement there. The king expands the army to 15,000 infantry and 5,000 cavalry. He also begins a reinforcment of the navy. In beothukland The city receives a gsrrison of 2,000 soldiers.
 * Great Sioux Empire: The defeat at Sunghebaxi leads Tȟáŋkanačá Sintemaza to reconsider his strategy against the Iowa and now Cahokia. In order to distract the attention of Cahokia from protecting the Iowa we send an expedition of 6,000 horseback riders to raid the lands of Cahokia that border us distracting their attention away from Iowa. Most noticeably we begin to split up our armies now having two armies of 5,000 men raiding, sacking, poisoning water, disrupting their food supplies and capturing Iowan lands forcing the Iowan to split up to deal with our armies. Most noticeably our armies make use of quick movement quickly capturing lands and resources while starving out the Iowans and Cahokians. They also use their superior training in horseback riding to make use of a strategy similar to the parthian shot. The growth of the city on the Mni Sota and the Mníšošethąka continues with it now having a population of 10,000 currently. The growth of the city begins to attract traders from along the mississippi, and the Tȟáŋkanačá begins to offer traders within the nation protection by our warriors. A new general rises up to lead the Sioux armies, from a noble Lakotan tribe, named Ohitekeah rises up to lead our armies on our liberation of Iowa. An experienced warrior in our wars to reunite the Sioux people into one, and the various conquests conducted by our empire he is well experienced within the arts of Cavalry and Gunpowder able to put his experience into play luring the slower and less mobile Cahokian and Iowan Armies farther and farther away from their resources, supply routes, and finally into Sioux territory He sends another army of 7,000 men south into the lands of Iowa and coordinating with the other armies utilizing our fast horseback messengers to quickly move the armies into position with no chance of reaction by the Iowans or the Cahokians, these men are highly trained in formations and are on horseback utilizing gunpowder weapons among other things (Basically Hussars). Not only that but the positioning of archers ensure that no reinforcements will arrive for the now entrapped Cahokian-Iowan army, but force the slow army to contend with hails upon hails of arrows. With this the Iowans and the Cahokians have no valid way to defend against the Riders and the more mobile Sioux army. Utilizing Ohitekeah's experience with logistics and messengers we also maintain a strong idea of where their supply and reinforcement pathways are, allowing us to plan out a course of action where they will not be receiving reinforcements or being able to take our armies by surprise. Not only that but the mobility of our army allows us to quickly retreat or avoid a confrontation by the Cahokian-Iowans.
 * Serene Republic of Chesapeake: Great Wohack Asquash rallies the military of the republic to seize control over the Chesapeake Bay, and so declares war on Powhattan. A fleet of ships from Wicomico blockades the strait to the bay, and convoys an army of 30,000 soldiers to the opposite shore. The units are balanced between saber cavalry for skirmishers, dragoons armed with swords and matchlock muskets, and numerous siege cannons. The fleet moves in to bombard the capital city of Piscatawa while the land forces push north. Meanwhile, the foundries in Wicomico continue to make advancements on artillery technology, developing a way to make cannons of a far larger calibre than previously seen. The Republic concentrates on becoming a hub of trade between the northern and southern nations of the Eastern Coast, acting as a go-between from the Thule Empire to the feudal states in the south such as Ronoake. In addition, the Republic makes significant production of their own, harvesting crabs, beans, corn, and cows primarily. At sea, the explorer Yaroke makes a significant voyage across the northern coast of Europe, providing detailed maps of the coasts of Lustitania and Gaul. The Oaska Islands are annexed as a second colony of the republic, as the colony in Galicia continues to slowly grow.


 * Tawantinsuyu: Another year and the empire still stands tall. Sinpa Inca Ccapac continues his reign over the Empire, proving to be a strong ruler indeed. Ccapac continues to consolidate Incan rule in new conquered territories along with the empire as a whole. Incan traditions continue to brought to the new territories. Sinpa Inca sends two explorers to the north in order to study the nations in the lands above and see how they live and their culture, but his main reason is to gain an idea of these peoples writing systems as the Inca lack this sort of writing and instead use Quipo to write down their history and official statistics. The nations the two explorers go to are the Aztec Empire, the Salish Kingdom, and the Mayapan League. We accept the Guaranì’s trade proposal and gifts to the Emperor but see this as a sign of submission and now consider the Guarani our tributary. Ccapac Hauri gains much of the nobility’s trust and support further solidifying his rule. Agriculture continues to be expanded and adapted to the region’s climate. Sapa Inca Ccapac sees the importance of having a site of maritime trade in the empire and orders the construction of a port city named Túpac (in OTL Callao) in order to get more wealth for the empire. We Send Government Officials to conduct a government census to determine the population of the empire (MOD RESPONSE NEEDED).
 * Assyrian Empire: Adonibahal II is assassinated by members of the royal court under the direction of his 22-year old son, Eshaya I, who has his father's pagan wife put to death, and his mother installed as the Queen Mother of Assyria. The new king quickly reverses the pagan decrees of his father, having the army hunt down and kill the priests of the ancient Mesopotamian religion. Their shrines and places of worship are torn down and put to the fire, along with their books of spells and foretelling. Eshaya makes clear to all of his subjects that the pagan faith of their ancestors shall never return, and states that all good things are possible in the name of God through his Son, Jesus Christ. On the orders of Eshaya, a great cathedral is planned for construction on top of the plot of land Adonibahal II planned to construct a ziggurat upon. This cathedral is to serve as the center of Assyrian Christianity, and shall become the second home to the Patriarch of the Church of the East at Eshaya's invitation, and a center of Christianity throughout the Middle East. Due to the actions of his father, King Eshaya resolves to bring a swift end to the war with Babylonia. Having noted the intervention of the Babylonian armies into the region, Eshaya instructs his soldiers to attack the overextended baggage trains of the enemy army, and goad the Babylonians into besieging Assyrian cities. Upon their haste siege to secure food and supplies for their forces, the Babylonians find themselves surrounded outside of major cities by a rapidly constructed wall, trapping them between the besieged city and the Assyrian armies. With this tactic, Eshaya's armies kill thousands of Babylonians, and successfully push many of them out of his kingdom. In retribution, the cities of Kar-Ishtar, Arrapha, and Tagritianu are besieged by the Assyrians and captured by them, expanding Assyrian territory further south and closer to the lands of the Babylonians. Emissaries are dispatched from Nineveh to Babylon to seek a truce, and bring an end to what Eshaya describes as "much pointless bickering". So as to fulfill a truce and highlight his good faith, Eshaya sends his sister to Babylon to marry its king, while likewise requesting a wife for himself from the Patriarchal See of Babylon. (MOD RESPONSE NEEDED) The highway constructed by Adonibahal II is completed by the soldiers of Assyria, who begin patrolling the road and ensuring the safety of the traders and commoners between the cities of Nineveh and Ashur. Eshaya commemorates the completion of the road by traveling south to Ashur to celebrate Easter in the city with the clergy there, and gives out many gifts of food and coin to the residents along the road. Upon reaching the city, Eshaya begins work on the new domestic policy of the kingdom, focusing on its internal stability and securing the borders of Assyria with Babylon in light of his requested truce and marriage alliance.
 * Aztec Empire: Food security and fruitful trade relations cause the population to rise further and wealth comes to the more rural areas of Totonacan since the alliance with Copaocan (Cobao) lets local ports flourish. With the newly achieved alliance with the Cazique of the western island, and a smaller army is sent to aid them. This support is under a single condition, though, namely for the Aztecs to have the right to fund a city on the island (MOD RESPONSE, PLEASE). Interest in both the newly discovered land in the east and the conquest of the Tlaxcala (the lower blob inside my territory). Due to the further advancement of the Aztec religion and further contact with non-sacrificing lands to the north,, the human sacrifices are less practiced on a regular bases. Rather, mass sacrifices are held during special holidays. One such occasion is at the summer solstice of 1499, when over 1,000 captives were executed in the three main cities alone. To make this possible, slaves are either bought from the Mayans or, a practice that is more common, slave raids called Flower wars. Though they fell out of favor as the society advanced, the Aztecs are still at a constant state of war with the Yopitzinco to the south. A major fleet is set up to establish a hopping off point for future expeditions. The first invasion is made to the Xalpitzahuacatlan (MOD RESPONSE, PLEASE) (literally: "Sand lands by the water", general term for the carribean Islands, specifically the Bahamas). Further developments to the script that was established earlier, a standardized spelling is established and the direction is officially set to be right to left. The new and easier communication make direct rule from Tenochtitlan more favorable than keeping it at the local Tlatoaque. As horses took a place in the region a long time ago, the Mazalpīltl (little deer, horses), plowing and warfare is put to a new scale, making the elite Cuachicqueh soldiers even more mobile and effective. Furthermore, the infrastructure expansion continues, to connect the recently covered regions to the empire as trade via land expands. Pottery, wax, jewelry and spices like chili peppers are exported throughout the region.
 * Miskito: King Bolanos is elected king of Miskito, he began construction of a University focused on Medicinal development, since a statue of the God of Life fell and killed the last king people lost fate and focused on academia.
 * Lenapehoking: The successful war in the east sees the incorporation of Sewanhaka as a province in the kingdom. The nation follows our allies and declares war on the Kingdom of Powhatan. Beforehand, the navy is primarily moved to the southern bay, so that soldiers can be quickly ferried to the Wicocomico Peninsula [region south of the Potomac River]. The Akquiwan are hired [“The Black Cloth” Mercenary Company], numbering 3,000 men, and ordered to meet our forces south of Conoy. An additional 4,000 Lenape foot soldiers, 850 elite royal guard, 600 knights, and 20 cannons are dispatched to the region to meet them, all under the command of veteran general Kiondashawa. A second voyage returns to the island of Wëskmëna, this time with the intent of establishing a small trade post for use once the mainland of the Holy Western Empire is discovered. 100 soldiers are tasked with building an initial fort, killing or capturing the small number of natives that are discovered. Two years later [1497], a second expedition lands with an additional 100 men and 80 women, discovering the fort to have sustained many casualties. The leader of the group orders the land to be cultivated, while a search also begins for mineral deposits. When this proves largely futile, the governor leads 150 people to settle a newly discovered island to the east [Faial Island]. However, the government would primarily focus on the reports of land further to the east, which as believed to be the mainland. An expedition under the command of Shingas lands at Langundowi [Lisbon] in [1497], along with 1,000 settlers, soldiers, and slaves. The settlers are primarily harsh to the locals, seizing food and captives, and using natives as a workforce. During this time three other expeditions are launched for the purpose of exploration [1495, 1497, 1498]. The first follows the coast southward from Langundowi, until new land is discovered across the sea [North Africa]. This is followed by the second expedition, which continues further down the coast, also taking note of several islands off the coast [Canaries]. The third expedition remains off the [African] coast, but focuses on establishing contact with natives in order to trade. Beginning in [1499] the nation obtains the first Nescalenk [“black”] slaves from this land, and transports them to the colony in the north.
 * Tarascan State (Tzintzuntzan): Under the reign of Cazonci Zuagua, our nation has grown secure and has repelled many raids from the bordering Chichimecas. We shall expand along the Pacific Coast to the lands of OTL Central Jalisco. These new provinces shall be incorporated as autonomous regions of our empire and are allowed to do perform their own menial tasks without our influence. Hearing how many nations are starting to colonize the lands east of them, we sent a flotilla of ships (seven ships) to venture west and see if there is any land there and if it is possible to get to the land which the Lenape discovered [1498] (MOD RESPONSE, PLEASE). We hope to become allies of the Aztec Empire to the southeast and trade with them and the Caribbean states. We shall develop our Arquebuses and improve the volley fire strategy. As our territory is mostly plains we shall incorporate horses into our military and build roads to connect our capital region with border areas. To conquer the Pacific Coast we shall send an 30,000 strong army to take control of cities which consists our newly established light cavalry force (mounted archers mostly, considering our skill at archery in OTL.), infantryman, 28 cannons and knights. There would also be a smaller force of 10,000 to sweep up the countryside.
 * Salish Kingdom: A second warband is sent to Paiute lands to help. 
 * Guarani Empire: By 1495 the Gurani Realm would be stabilized and the throne secured following the efforts of the Great Emperor Arandikatu. The Empire´s economy would prosper as result of the commercial agreements with it´s neighbours, to further this growth the Emperor would sponsor the expansion of the fluvial merchant marine with the region´s rivers serving as local commercial highways and going all the way to the Andes. Politically, incentives would be given to the merchant class in order to increase the state´s trading revenue, and also creating another upper class powerbase for the Emperor. Furthermore Arandikatu would pursue a policy of military modernization with the broader adoption of arquebuses and cannons in the Imperial Army. In 1500 the first military expedition of the new monarch, against the Charrúa, would be organized as a way to display his strengh and also test the new reformed army. A mobile Vanguard of the elitest units in the Empire made up of 4,000 Knights and Men-At-Arms and 6,000 "Apakandu" Cavalry (Akin to Early Hussars) would be sent out at first to deny the enemy time to raise all its forces and also to occupy the countryside. The vanguard would be followed by a force 30,000 Men, mostly infantrymen with some Apakandus and 32 Cannons tasked with defeating remaining enemy forces in the field and besieging the enemy strongholds.
 * Thule Empire: The Thule Empire continues to prosper under the reign of King Tulugaak. A colony is founded on the OTL Isle of Mull in New Nunavut, called Innagidluk (derived from the Thule words meaning "cliff bay" in reference to the cliffs at the site) (OTL.) The native Kalaatun, being a warlike people, have been highly hostile to the settlers so far. However, our method of buying their land and offering them extensive trade deals seems to pacify them wel. The colony of New Nunavut expands to cover the entirety of the Isle of Mull in its initial years. King Tulugaak sends Ikiaq Novogalik on yet another expedition to explore what lies beyond. His expedition travels along the eastern coast of the island of New Nunavut, along the coast of OTL southern Norway in the land called Napâttumik (derived from Thule "napâttutuinnak mik" meaning "spruce land") (OTL Scandinavia), up the Oslofjord, and along the Glomma River. He writes in his diary the vast pine forests of Napattumik, the rising snow-capped mountains and steep cliffs, and the rocky shores. He describes the Napattumik natives and how their peculiar appearance and culture are strikingly similar to the Icelandic natives. These journal entries mark the first documented use of the term "Tuniit", originally a Thule term for the Dorset culture, as a catch-all term for the European "barbarians". Trade with the Serene Republic of Chesapeake encourages cultural diffusion between the Thule and the Chesapeake. The cultural developments of the Renaissance spread to the Thule, and elements from Chesapeake art begin to appear in Thule art. King Tulugaak declares war on the Naskapi to the south, wishing to assert dominance over eastern Canada. He sends an army of 8,000 men to fight the Naskapi, with around 4,500 infantrymen, 2,000 cavalry troops, 1,100 artillery troops, 390 elite soldiers, and ten siege weapons. (ALGO NEEDED) He requests King Beuthuk II of the Beothuk to send troops. (BEOTHUK RESPONSE NEEDED)
 * Innu: At the death of a old man, a new era is beckoned. His son, Nipi Atshak, is made the katakuaitshesht (leader), and begins rallying for a united nation of the ethnically similar northeast. Due to this, he proposes a union with the Eastern Cree, citing their shared language (Algonquian) and culture (Mod Response). Many Innus move into the cities of the coasts, especially toward the eastern coast and on Notiskuan (Anticosti), which turns into a major trade post due to its position on the Naneuepanuat (St. Lawrence River). Hearing tales of the land of the Assimikuauapan (land of the red [rising] sun, referring to Europe and Africa), Nipi Atshak sends a group of explorers to chart the coast in April of 1495. The expedition followed the Labrador stream southward and used the gulf stream to the north Atlantic drift, and reaching OTL Cornwall and Ireland before using the East Greenland current to come back. They returned the June of the next year after waiting out the winter in Greenland (the plan was originally to wait in Iceland, but due to the norse revolt and instability, was changed to Greenland), and landed at the port of Ishtuashu (OTL Rigolet) situated on Atatshi-Uinipek (Lake Melville) with the stories of odd natives. A second expedition is sent in 1496, returning in 1497, which charts most of Ireland and northern Scotland, which are named Nipiutshu (Wet Mountains) and Minishtik-Panetinau (Island Plain) respectively. In 1498, some of those same sailors are commissioned to help escort some settlers to the coast of Ireland to set up a trade post. However, before reaching Ireland, the group got pushed off course onto Brittney. Believing it to be the land they were heading for, the settlers started their trade post near OTL Breast, naming it Mashtu Notiskuan (New Anticosti) due to the town intended to be a trading post. Trade with the native commences. Trade continues with the South Coast (OTL East Coast of the USA).
 * Okimate of Roanoke: The Roanoke People live under an Okimate (Okima meaning 'chief' in Algonquin) centered in the Central Outer Banks. The Roanoke are a vibrant community of various different Algonquian ethnic groups. Though they hold much territory along the banks of the Roanoke River, their home has historically been recognized as Roanoke Island. Its capital, Kurawotan (Eng. Croatoan, meaning 'council town'), which is located roughly near the location of OTL Wanchese. This Croatoan is not to be confused with the OTL 'Croatoan' on Cape Hatteras, though this area is an important city to the Roanoke. Though Roanoke is nominally a merchant republic administered by an elected official, the military holds the true power in Roanoke, as is the case in several other states along the Outer Banks. The military leader of the nation is known as the Okima. These states, which share an ethnic and geographic identity with Chowanoke, were once all part of a number of various states throughout history that have risen and fallen throughout time. Roanoke currently holds naval power over much of the Albemarle Sound, and their fleets of longships are frequently hired throughout the various Algonquin and Tuscaroan tribes of the Outer Banks. They do, however, frequently clash with the Chowanoke and Weapemeoc. Due to the close proximity of both Algonquian and Iroquoian-speaking peoples, there is much strife, though this does also result in dialogue between the two groups, which in-turn has allowed for a great network of inland trade. Currently, the reigning Okima is Machk Wisaw, who has held his office for 40 years. The Menatona (elected leader - literaly, 'one who listens well') is Paquiwoc Etlelooaat, who has been a rising star in Roanoke politics. The son of a Tuscaroan-speaking father and an Algonquian-speaking mother, Etlelooaat's ancestry is traced matrilineally, as is the custom in Roanoke. The betrayal of Captain Manteo results in his ostracization from most Outer Banks states; his dishonorable betrayal of his Okima marks him as an Umaq; a godless traitor - perhaps one of the worst things to be marked in this region of the world. With many ports denying him safe passage, Manteo is adrift at sea with his 'treasure fleet.' Though Okima Machk is largely unconcerned, Paquiwoc Makkitotosimew takes it upon herself to bring him to justice. After a month-long search, she is able to lure him into a trap with the promise of safe harbor. The pirate takes the bait and his fleet runs into a trap near a barrier island. Roanoke ships push him forward through a gap in the barrier islands, where the sea is covered in oil. As he sails forward, the oil is ignited. Manteo's fleet quickly disperses. Though many are boarded or destroyed, Manteo himself runs his ship aground. After a brief skirmish, he is captured, burned alive in a barrel, and a fingerbone is taken by Makkitotosimew. With the seizure of Ocracoke, Roanoke is in a good position to protect itself from attacks from the south. Trade flourishes this year; as news of Manteo's capture and execution reach the Outer Banks, many would-be pirates err on the side of caution. The ranks of the Military College of Dasamonguepeuk swell this year, as the idea of capturing pirates becomes romanticized for a time. Those that join the navy gain their wish, as the Chesapeake declares war on Powhattan. Much of the Outer and Inner Banks become fearful of Chesapeake expansion. Roanoke takes this opportunity to establish a number of fortifications on OTL Knott's Island and along the various beaches. At the behest of his daughter, Okima Etlelooaat proposes a royal marriage between Makkitotosimew and the Weapemeoc Prince in order to forge an alliance to protect the two nations against the aggression of the Chesapeake. Other Carolinian tribes are invited to a war council, where (if the council votes), war will be declared on Chesapeake. The nations invited to the war council are as follows: Weapemeoc, Chowanoke, and Pasquotank. The combined fleets would blockade the bay while an advanced group would move in and blockade the city. In the meantime, 15,000 Roanoke troops would invade from the south on foot, sieging Chesapeake, with the other militaries lending their own support. The forces would instruct Chowanoke (if available) to invade from the southwest, intending to push the Chesepeake to the shore while advancing Roanoke forces would finish them off before laying siege to the main settlement itself.
 * League of Mayapan: At first, we are shocked to have visitors form lands far away. These men from the far away place [Tawantinsuyu/Incan Empire] want to learn our language and culture. We welcome them. If they want to see more of the Mayan culture, the Incans must give us some wool, tin, and other products (MOD RESPONSE, PLEASE). The things that they bring in will be used to decorate a grand temple that is being planned on being built in Chichen Itza. We have heard enough of this new world and decide to send our own expedition [in the spring of 1498]. In the fall of the same year, we discover OTL Mauretania. This proves that everything our ancestors believed in was wrong. We map up to 200 miles of coastline. We decide to come back in two years.


 * The Plains Cree Confederacy, led by Supreme Chief Asiniyeo (ᐊᓯᓃᐃᐤ, Asinîyew), undergoes reforms to centralize state power and consolidate territorial integrity. These reforms are supported by the Grand Council, due to the feared notion of Cree technological inferiority, and the pressure of being wedged between the southern Sioux Empire and the northern Thule Empire. A prefectural system is established, with each of the thirty new prefectures containing approximately ~50,000 inhabitants (equivalent to about a thousand villages). The prefect – who controls the regional garrison – serves as the representative of the Supreme Chief, and as such, his/her duties consist largely of enforcing local law and order, as well as protecting the Cree's territories from foreign incursions. Meanwhile, the Grand Council is relegated to a legislative body, though the High Chiefs retain substantial power and prestige. Meanwhile, five ministerial bodies are established to assist the Supreme Chief in administrative duties. All of these positions will be appointed by the Supreme Chief – however, with the discretion of the Grand Council. These are the Board of Domestic Affairs, which manage civil appointments and state ceremonies; the Board of Foreign Affairs, which is responsible for foreign trade and receiving foreign missions; the Board of Justice, which enforces the criminal code and serves as the highest court; the Board of Finance, which collects tribute and census data, as well as revenue from the sales tax; and finally, the Board of Public Works, which is responsible for overseeing government construction projects. Cree Constabulary, which is under the de jure control of the Supreme Chief, still functions as the de facto local government in the frontier territories, however. Meanwhile, the Three Cities (Sipicuascosia, Osawacesis, and Osawecin) are united under a single metropolitan perfect under the direct rule of the Supreme Chief and the Grand Council. It is named "Otoscuanic" (ᐅᑑᐢᑲᐧᓂᕁ, Otôskwanihk), a reference to the sharp bend made by the Bow and Elbow Rivers, as well as the reeds traditionally used for longbows. Despite these reforms, Plains Cree society remains largely-localized around dispersed clan-based village communities. Despite the Confederacy being rural and agrarian with the few industries – such as the production of textiles, leatherware, and alcohol – being concentrated in the Three Cities, it still maintains a relatively high degree of wealth due to its lucrative exports of sunflower oil, apicultural products (honey, mead, and wax), timber (including pulpwood), and most importantly, furs and hides from bison. With higher quotas placing increasing pressure on the villages for the extraction of tribute, many larger villages begin to establish enclosures to better monitor the bison herds, as well as workshops specializing in the processing of furs, hides (to leather), furs, and meat. Many of the villages also begin to intensively-cultivate the land to grow grain, legumes, and squash for food as well as fodder – causing a shift from a mixture of subsistence horticulture and pastoralism, to complex mixed agriculture.
 * Tongva: After the Battle of Quiroste and his nominal election as Emperor in the West, Alijivit continued from the Ramaytush region into Miwok. Despite proclaiming him leader, very few nobles trusted him with their own forces, and the Tongva army remained far smaller than those of its allies. Despite this, the Tongva army would achieve a second, smaller victory in Karkin soon after, which decisively pushed the war north of the bay. Soon after (late 1495), Alijivit would be pulled back toward the south, arriving the following spring, as news reached the emperor of an invasion by a southern coalition against Tongva proper. In response to the embarrassment inflicted upon him by Alijivit earlier in the emperor’s career, Lord Humwichawa organized the largest army the region had ever seen in order to strike at the distracted emperor. The ruler of ʔívil̃uqaletem had died of old age soon after his anticlimactic venture with Humwichawa years earlier, and with the disaster looming over the kingdom, Humwichawa forced his way to the throne over the previous king’s young son. In conjunction, an army was raised of mercenaries and sympathizers from the eastern trade routes. A small number came from the Kingdom of the Delta and the Patayan Confederacy, while most arrived from the trade routes in between, who sought to squash the independent minded Tongva, restoring southern control over trade in and out of the empire. Alijivit framed his defense as a defense of the empire as a whole, attracting some support from other local, newly inspired neighbors. Additionally, he promised the spoils and lands gained from the war to allied Serrano instead, allowing him to gain their loyalty and lose their jealousy toward himself. This gamble would prove successful, as Humwichawa would be killed during the battle by one of his former slaves, collapsing the war front against Tongva.
 * Arawak Empire: We send a substantial contingent of troops to deal with the rebel supporting scum in Kalinago. Hearing rumors of lands beyond our continent, we also send a small exploration fleet east to see what we can find.
 * Sun Kingdom of Boriken: As the University of Campiflegre remains a great institute of learning, so do the scholars with the publication of the book “Municipalities” written by philosopher Arxiv Vinxunoa, which goes about explaining the ideals of the municipal system with single representatives under the king remaining ti be a fair system of established government and furthermore takes a more radical stance against the nobility in which has slowly lost power over the last 200 years and how the very system should be adopted abroad. The settlement within Sohgo (OTL Bermuda) had led to success with the absence of people and as a result, the merchant island has become home to several dozen more families as the first town is mapped out for future expansion plans of the settlement on the island. Ixponia sees more explorers land and as a result, plots for investments of a new area to trade and establish a settlement are made with hope of cooperation with natives so far to allow them to become subjects of the Crown yet plans for such remain too soon although investments have begun to flood in. With the arrival of the Boriken within Ixponia, trading for more goods such as produce like grapes plus fabrics and rare metals attract the explorers even more now especially with the grapes taste, seeds are brought back in order to be grown. A Boriken Explorer by the name of Axelon Vagxoita seeks glory by proposing a new venture; sailing to the Pacific in order to reach the Inca. Claims are set in Luhgo (OTL Sao Miguel) with some people seeking to establish a network from the Kingdom to Ixponia as trade families set posts looking forward to new resources such as lumber, rare metals, and discovere produce and boar which had turned out to be quite tasty by the explorers after being salted and aged. Plans are set for an establishment of a colony near OTL Gibraltar as more investments are gained although the date of settlers landing upon Ixponia remain uncertain. With the Arawak at war, plans for a war against them while they are distracted are planned out as it is seen unde King Maní to push Boriken into an era of regional dominance with the additional factor of them picking on a nation they were working to develop better relations to prevent expansion by rivals such as the Caribs.

1500-1505
'At the Battle of Maxúshga, Iowan-Cahokian forces encounter the Sioux under the command of Ohitekeah. In the ensuing battle the Sioux manage to achieve victory, leading to the Cahokians withdrawing from Iowa. The Sioux suffer 5,400 casualties, the Iowa suffer 3,020 casualties, and the Cahokians suffer 3,000 casualties. '

'The Chesapeake-Lenni Lenape army achieves a decisive victory over the nation of Powhatan, with the Chesapeake suffering 5,540 casualties, the Lenni Lenape suffering 1,410 casualties, and the Powhatan suffering 9,900 casualties. The Weapemeoc, Chowanoke, and Pasquotank join the Roanoke in their invasion, and at a second battle the Chesapeake are decisively defeated. The Chesapeake suffer 7,100 casualties, the Roanoke suffer 1,540 casualties, and Roanoke's allies suffer 2,380 casualties.In a Powhatan counterattack against Chesapeake the Powhatan manage to surround Skicoke (the Chesapeake capital). Now fearful that Powhatan is breaking the status quo as well, Roanoke’s allies withhold support and consider switching sides. '

'An itinerant Aztec cleric and priest named Itzcoatl, former professor of theology at the university in Tenochtitlan, causes a great stir within the Mexican valley. He posts a long treatise on the door of the public temple in Cholula, outlining many theological arguments from the ancient scriptures of Mesoamerica against the practice of human sacrifice. His reformist faction quickly gains impressive popular support among laymen of Mexico, bringing the issue to a public venue. '

'After the Assyrian Empire shifts it policies toward Christianity, the Christian population of the nation rejoices, while the non-Christian population instead becomes discontent. This also leads to a series of violent outbreaks, as Christians target the other half of the population with relative impunity from the law. The high priesthood of Baal and Ishtar, who for millennia have supported the legitimacy of monarchical rule, do not directly oppose the personal religion of the monarch. However, they attribute the recent issues in the empire to be a bad omen of the gods, and demand the king encourage the traditional rites of human sacrifice across his domains. '

'Baguanao of Batabano agrees to cede a city to the Aztec once he captures one from his enemies, and launches an invasion of his neighbors with the Aztec provided soldiers and funds. He is decisively defeated in battle, with most of his army lost and himself captured. A rival claimant to the throne of Batabano, Brizuela, takes control of the nation and abandons Baguanao in prison, while also deciding to ignore the deal his predecessor made to the Aztec. As the Aztec invasion of the Bahamas begins, numerous people from Batabano and the rest of the island contribute to aiding the enemies of the Aztecs. '

'Most of the explorers sent by the nation of Tzintzuntzan return to their nation empty handed, having been unable to locate the lands that the Lenni Lenape claim to inhabit, but a small number return reporting of a series of small islands to the west (OTL Revillagigedo Islands). '

'The invasion of the Colliman Kingdom by the nation of Tzintzuntzan results in a defeat for the Tarascans. The Colliman suffer 4,590 casualties, while the Tarascans suffer 10,980 casualties. '

'The invasion of the nation of Charrúa by the Guaraní Empire results in a decisive victory for the Guaraní, leading to the attackers capturing the northern part of the nation, and the defenders offering to pay tribute to the attackers. The attackers suffer 8,510 casualties, while the defenders suffer 11,950 casualties. '

'The invasion of the nation of Naskapi by the Thule Empire results in a victory for the Thule, with the Thule suffering 2,080 casualties, while the defenders suffer 4,020 casualties. As the nation of Naskapi is occupied, its government requests aid from its close relatives, the Innu and the Cree. A small number of Cree respond, and harass the approaching invaders. '
 * Assyrian Empire: The request for a marriage alliance by Assyria is accepted by Babylon. In response to King Eshaya I's marriage request, the king of Babylon sends his eldest unmarried daughter, Damkina, to Nineveh to marriage Eshaya. During the marriage ceremony, Damkina converts to Assyrian Christianity and adopts the Christian name of Mariam. She is publicly baptized by the Patriarch of the East, who proclaims her eternal salvation in the name of God and the Lord Jesus Christ. Within the first year of marriage Mariam gives both to a son, who at his christening is named Elihu. Three more children, all girls, are born over the next two years following Elihu's birth. In an effort to calm the situation within his realm, King Eshaya convenes a meeting in his palace bringing the clergy from the Church of the East and the priests from the surviving temple of Baal and Ishtar to discuss the topic of religious practices. Eshaya vows to protect the non-Christian minority in his land from the Christians, declaring that one who harms an Assyrian pagan shall be as guilty as having harmed the king himself and dealt with appropriately. However, in a compromise, Eshaya likewise decrees that while the pagans shall be protected from the Christian majority, any religious activities conducted by them shall be strictly regulated, and must be conducted in the countryside away from the cities of Assyria. The pagan priesthood which has long abided by the laws of the king agree to his offer, and the Christian leadership within Assyria also agrees to the king's demands, passing on the news of his decree to their bishops who spread the news during their sermons in church. As a response to his protection, and with much persistence from the king himself, the pagan priests withdraw their proclamation of bad omens of the gods. Eshaya makes it clear to the priests in private discussion that any further interference in political matters by the priests of Baal and Ishtar is strictly prohibited upon pain of death. They are to restrain themselves to purely religious affairs in the future, and any news of human sacrifice which makes it to the king shall be dealt with painfully. No Assyrian subject or slave shall be put to death for the pagan faith, as the king's peace extends to all Assyrians, including those the pagans seek to sacrifice to their gods. Religious persecution within the kingdom decreases significantly, and a calm is enforced by the army which ensures that Assyrians of both faiths are protected under the king's law; the Assyrian Christians continues their proselytizing efforts, while the pagan worshipers continue their practices outside of the cities and worship in peace. Continuing in the way of the kings of Mesopotamia, King Eshaya I begins his annual campaigning following the end of the harvest season. Seeking to expand his realm, Eshaya mobilizes soldiers from throughout the kingdom, taking men from Nineveh, Nimrud, Arbala, Arrapha, and Assur, forming an army of more than 15,000 soldiers. Eshaya leads his army into the southwest, conquering many towns and bringing the lands into the Assyrian Empire. In a shift from the brutal methods of his ancestors, Eshaya vows to protect his new subjects in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, converting any who wish to remain free from slavery and be fairly treated under his laws. Seeking to return to their fields unharmed, many of the local commoners convert to the religion, and the Assyrians construct new churchs in the lands they conquer. Following one victory at the city of Anat located along the Tigris River, Eshaya erects a church on the spot where the locals once sacrificed human beings to Marduk. The Patriarch of the East is invited to commemorate the event, blessing the inhabitants and the new clergymen of the area. Over the next three years, Eshaya strengthens the position of the Assyrian government in the region, resettling many of the locals to other parts of the kingdom, and setting bureaucrats in the churches to manage the affairs of state in the new lands. New military garrisons are established in Anat and Idu, and a new road is planned for construction to connect them with the Assyrian core cities in the northeast. New irrigation works are constructed around the city of Nineveh, following the return of soldiers from the campaigns to begin the next harvest in the kingdom. Using the wealth obtained from the war in the southwest, Eshaya sponsors the construction of irrigation canals around the city to help bolster the next grain harvest.
 * Grand Ogiamate of Powhatan: The grand Ogima Wahunsunacock rallies together the forces of the realm, seizing on the recent defeat of Chesapeake from the Roanoke to close in and occupy the capital city of Sicoke. Wahunsunacock sends envoys of reassurance to mediate with Makkitotosimew, announcing his self-appointed duty towards the protection and mutual prosperity of the Atlantic merchants, and prevent the disturbance of ambitious republics like Chesapeake in the future. Similarly, envoys are sent north to establish a realignment of alliance with the Delaware kingdom. In the meantime, Chesapeake is annexed, with a local Weroance to administrate over the region, and the navy is sent to seize control of all their colonies as well. Much of the local population, particularly those affiliated in the military and bureaucracy, are exiled abroad, and replaced with a steady recolonization of the region. Many of the exiles settle in the Oaska Islands, but most settle a major city in the new colony in southern Gaul, named New Sicoke. The Ogima enjoys a court of his feudal nobility at the capital city in Werowocomoco, consisting of the thirteen Weroancanates, the royal family, military leaders and many lower officials. Social roles are segregated by gender, as men mainly serve in the military and administration, while women organize economy and agriculture. Military technology is largely appropriated from the Chesapeake republic, expanding the current armaments of canons and arquebuses. The navy is also greatly expanded after this conquest, as Wahunsunacock prepares his ambition of controlling the Chesapeake Bay, and also picking up the colonization in Europe. The northern coast of Europe continues to be charted, establishing forts along the a number of islands known as the Comerian (channel) islands. The economy also continues similarly to that of the Chesapeake, mainly producing corn, beef, crabs, and beans, as well as regulating trade from the fur-producing Thule in the north and the nations in the south. 1,500 troops are sent to our ally the Thule.
 * Miskito: King Bolanos issues a statement to 10.000 troops to invade Westren Nicaragua. The Generals of the state decide to make the troops make trenches and putting leaves of them so when the enemy forces would walk over them the Miskitans would shoot or stab them from below. The Miskitan forces advance to Rama. King Bolanos's healts starts to fail for some unknown reason.
 * Aztec Empire: When the Hueyi Tlatoani Ahuitzotl passes away in 1502, the diplomatic relations with the Capoacatl (people of Caboan) are shattered. With the city of Ayahuacan (located at OTL Cayo Coco) that was handed over by the previous chief under full aztec control, the nephew of Ahuitzotl, Moctezuma II. reaches out to repair relations to the chiefs that are at war now (MOD RESPONSE NEEDED). The soldiers in the Bahamas and Capoan are called back to their homes. Ayahuacatlan is heavily fortified and some of the soldiers who participated in the previous invasions are stationed there now. Moctezuma II focuses on continental expansion, since easily availiable victims for human sacrifices and thus flowerwars are no longer necessary. This is strengthened by the recently occuring controversy surrounding this practice. A force of 200.000 men is mustered to solidify the Aztec empire and making the hegemony in the region even stronger. The first step is the conquest of the Tlaxcala Confederacy, which is fully surrounded by Aztec land. War is declared in 1504, when equally sized armies attack from north, south and east, to capture the capital Tlaxcalan and the major city of Tollan-Collalan as soon as possible. The attack was launched in the middle of the night, so that the messenger who will bring the message of war will first arrive after the invasion has started. The soldiers approach on both horseback and as foot soldiers, with light archery as support. The elite forces, called Cuachicqueh are supporting them as well (ALGO NEEDED). The Tlaxcaltecs are cut off from their allies, while those who are still sympathetic to them are appeased with different means. As the navy of the aztecs has grown in numbers, an expedition is sent northeast to discover the shores of this strange land. The seamen discover a land with rocky, high cliffs and beaches made from stone instead of sand, The weather is discribed as cold, wet and windy. This land seens to be an island, thus they call it Tlaloctetlan, named after the god of rain and storm Tlaloc (OTL Bretanny). The route up north is well documented, to eventually find the way back. As the priest theologist Itzcoatl makes his views on sacrifice public, he gains a large group of followers. the centers of the Aztec faith, namely the region around the lake Texcoco, react sceptical of the new movement. Since the emperor has automatically the position of high priest to the god of Huitzilopochtli, he fears further radicalization of the reformists and a civil war coming with it, so he calls their leaders for an open dialogue (MOD RESPONSE NEEDED).  The act of immolation is seen as an honor to many even in the current days, so the suggestion is made, that a human sacrifice shall only be voluntary, and that the practice of killing prisoners of war will be abandoned. Good relations with the Kingdom of Tzintzuntzan and the Mayans are welcomed.
 * Kingdom of Ayiti: The early years of the 16th century are a period of discovery for Ayiti. Explorers travel frequently across the sea, documenting their voyages and bringing news of strange islands and their inhabitants back to the homeland. Among their discoveries is the island of Madeira, which is named Little Boriken, and the southern tip of Liberia, thought to be an island and appropriately named Macanike. When the first extended maps are produced, they show a myriad of islands to the east, placed beside the west coast of North America. But soon, one expedition will inevitably uncover a geographical truth that will have enormous repurcussions for the future of the world. It is the voyage of Loquillo Cacimar, already a renowned navigator in his time, that puts existing theories to rest. In his ship, the Sahacosuk, Cacimar follows the equatorial countercurrent eastward from the Antilles to investigate rumors of more islands to the west. The current takes him directly to the shores of Macanike. Sailing down the coast as far as Gabon, Cacimar realizes the true size of this landmass, which appears quite unlike any contemporary description of the American west coast. In his report to the king of Ayiti, he writes of tropical jungles, fiery mountains, a lengthy coastline seeming to stretch forever into the distance, and savage, dark-skinned people who could not be the same as the races inhabiting the civilized world. Thus, Cacimar concludes, the lands to the east are not synonyomous with the American continent, but are an entirely New World altogether, holding unfathomable wonders awaiting discovery.
 * Beothuk: We send 4 000 soldiers to our allies thule to help them in their war efforts.meanwhile the army sees a further expansion as more are needed in beothukland which is expanding slowly butsteadily.emigration to our colonies is supported.
 * Great Sioux Empire: Having routed the Cahokians and the Iowans at Maxúshga, the Iowans are ripe for new lands. Having defeated them thoroughly, the Great Sioux empire decidely annexes Iowa into our glorious hegemony. Troops are stationed in the land ready to put down any revolt they may attempt. With the war finally over the army returns home and Ohitekeah is celebrated as a hero and is offered a daughter of the Tȟáŋkanačá. However near the end of the 3rd year Tȟáŋkanačá Sintemaza passes away leaving the throne to his son by his 4th wife Chankoowashtay, having ascended the throne he takes to wife a daughter of each of the chieftains. The growth of the capital city on Mni sota meeting continues with it growing to 25k people and becoming a full on city at this point. Chankoowashtay begins to sponsor trade within his nation making various roads for traders to travel on encouraging commerce and the like throughout the territory. He also begins a more heavy fortification of the border with Cahokia ready for any potential invasions. He also begins to open up trade routes between the Ojibwe and the Fox connecting them to the Gichigami trade routes. Most noticeably he begins to make us of the Mithisaka in order to conduct further long distance trade. These investments begin to see growth in various cities and towns as merchants come in to trade goods for metals found in the north of the Sioux. He also begins to outfit more Freeriders as the unit proved effective in the last war. Expanding our military even greater. Under him he also begins the sponsorship of art programs at his court beginning to attract writers, artists, and many other cultured people from surrounding nations.
 * Nitasina (Innu): The Innu's brother's call shall not go unanswered, and the Thule will be driven from their lands. Innu's longtime ally against the Inuits cannot and will not fall. Therefore, 8,000 troops are sent to the border of the Thule and occupied Naskapi lands, while 2,000 patrol the coastal regions against the Beothuk. In 1500, war is declared, marking the Innu involvement in the First Northern War. The eastern Cree are requested to unite and form a union with Nitasina, with Nipi Atshak citing the similar culture (the main difference is environment, but the eastern Cree live in a similar environment to the Innus), language (Algonquin), and threat (Thule) [Mod Response Needed]. Naskapi is also asked to unite with Nitasina for many of the same reasons, if their country is liberated [Mod Response Needed]. The eight thousand troops on the border are instructed to catch the Thule soldiers off guard while they are distracted in the west, and capture as much land as possible before holding the line when the Thule arrive [War Algo Needed]. A thousand additional troops land in northern Beothuk lands to try and secure a beach head near OTL Flower's Cove to attempt to catch the Beothuk when their not ready after sending the majority of their army to the Thule [War Algo Needed]. Notiskuan (Anticosti), Takuaikan Utenau (Havre-Saint-Pierre), and Pessamu (Pessamit) continue developing rapidly as the large cities of Nitasina, especially Notiskuan. Exploration is halted in tshishtashkamik (Europe), as all funds are put into the wars.
 * Thule Empire: The Thule Empire continues to prosper under the reign of King Tulugaak. A new colony is founded in the lands of Napattumik, called Mitsigak (derived from the Thule words loosely meaning "the meadow beside the ridge) (lit: plain beside the mountain), a translation of the native name). Meanwhile, the tiny islands associated with the Isle of Mull and the Isle of Colonsay are claimed, and New Nunavut expands outwards onto the OTL Isle of Islay. A new settlement on Islay is built, called Iviukittak (derived from the Thule words meaning "green island"). In Innagidluk, a fort is built to protect the settlers from attacks by both the Kalaatun and any would-be colonizers who would also dare take the Hebrides. King Tulugaak responds to the incoming threat by sending his own troops over. Reinforcements are sent to the troops. He sends an army of 8,000 to battle the Cree and Innu forces. The amounts of each type of unit are similar proportionally to the army proportions during the invasion of Naskapi. Meanwhile, a fleet of 20 ships is sent to aid the Beothuk against the Innu invaders. (MOD ALGO NEEDED) King Tulugaak proposes to marry his son, Prince Kumaglak, to a suitable bride from the Beothuk royalty. He seeks to strengthen the alliance. (BEOTHUK RESPONSE NEEDED)
 * Guarani Empire: The Empire would refuse the Charrúa offer of tribute. Instead the army would keep on going and the Emperor would demand their full subjulgation under the Imperial Guarani Banners, assuring that if they surrender the Charrúa nobles and people would be preserved and not be harmed or persecuted (MOD RESPONSE NEEDED). In order to make the Charrúa accept our terms the campaign in their lands would press down, with the enemy army utterly defeated in previous confrontation siege would be brought upon their remaining major strongholds and capital with the new cannons being used to bombard their fortifications. While the Great Emperor is out in his campaign he would seek to stay updated about the ongoings in his court, with messangers arriving weekly. Arandikatu would eventually hear of poor admnistration and rumours of corruption by part of the regent nobles governing in his stead, with many supposedly neglecting duties and trying to benefit themselves while the monarch is away. Gravely angered by this discovery the Emperor would decide to reform the admnistration of his realm once he returned from the campaign, he would start placing learned bureaucrats to perform state admnistrative roles.
 * Tarascan State: After our defeat in Colliman, we have decided not to wage any more wars of expansion until our army grows stronger. To achieve our goal, we shall continue to upgrade our firearms. To help this initiative, we will build a university in Tzintzuntzan. This university has attracted many intellectuals to the Royal Court. We will create military academies in multiple cities across our empire to create a better trained army. We will build aqueducts to help combat drought in some vital areas of the Empire. We hope to ally ourselves with the Maya and the Boriken nations.


 * Tawantinsuyu Sapa Inca Ccapac continues his reign, proving to be a strong ruler. The 2 researchers/explorers return from their expedition, ignoring the mayans demand for cottom and other resources and safely return. They present their findings and info picked up on the writing systems of the Aztec, Mayan, and Salish, which the emperor takes interest in, he and other officials and linguistic experts begin working on a new writing system for the Quechua language. The empire continues to thrive. Agriculture continues to be developed and promoted with new ideas to improve agricultural practices being developed, terraforming the sides of hills also continues. Enemies of the emperor continue to rounded up and executed. Newly conquered territories continue to be integrated into the empire with Incan customs and stuff being introduced. The Sapa Inca gears of the recent discovery of a new land mass in the east and is intrigued, though unable to send his own expedition east due to the location of the empire, he decides to try his luck by going west and gathers a team of the best explorers and naval navigators in the empire, a couple of mighty ships and the expedition is set to launch by next year. Expansion of the city of Quito continues and much wealth comes from the city. The inca’s non-market economy continues to prosper as the system of cooperatives proves superior. Ccapac begins to invest large amounts of his personal wealth into the arts and scientific research, building science centers and museums so artists can show off their art. The “highway” system is further expanded allowing the Empire to become the most well connected nation in the known world, allowing resources, messengers, and soldiers to quickly move across the country. We Send diplomats to the Aztec Empire offering to establish full relations (YCASTO RESPONSE). We send a message to the Muisca nation to our north, demanding they surrender their sovereignty and become part of the empire, if they do so their ruler will remain in charge but as a local government but amass large amounts of wealth and glory, the muisca people hold also gain access to the vast technology we posses and our knowledge. Refusing this offer will result in war and utter destruction of your nation’s infrastructure and iron fisted rule of the region. (MOD RESPONSE NEEDED!).
 * Okimate of Roanoke: The Roanoke People live under an Okimate (Okima meaning 'chief' in Algonquin) centered in the Central Outer Banks. The Roanoke are a vibrant community of various different Algonquian ethnic groups. Though they hold much territory along the banks of the Roanoke River, their home has historically been recognized as Roanoke Island. Its capital, Kurawotan (Eng. Croatoan, meaning 'council town'), which is located roughly near the location of OTL Wanchese. This Croatoan is not to be confused with the OTL 'Croatoan' on Cape Hatteras, though this area is an important city to the Roanoke. Though Roanoke is nominally a merchant republic administered by an elected official, the military holds the true power in Roanoke, as is the case in several other states along the Outer Banks. The military leader of the nation is known as the Okima. These states, which share an ethnic and geographic identity with Chowanoke, were once all part of a number of various states throughout history that have risen and fallen throughout time. Roanoke currently holds naval power over much of the Albemarle Sound, and their fleets of longships are frequently hired throughout the various Algonquin and Tuscaroan tribes of the Outer Banks. They do, however, frequently clash with the Chowanoke and Weapemeoc. Due to the close proximity of both Algonquian and Iroquoian-speaking peoples, there is much strife, though this does also result in dialogue between the two groups, which in-turn has allowed for a great network of inland trade. Currently, the reigning Okima is Machk Wisaw, who has held his office for 40 years. The Menatona (elected leader - literaly, 'one who listens well') is Paquiwoc Etlelooaat, who has been a rising star in Roanoke politics. The son of a Tuscaroan-speaking father and an Algonquian-speaking mother, Etlelooaat's ancestry is traced matrilineally, as is the custom in Roanoke. As Chesepeake's situation becomes increasingly desperate, the War Council elects to cease its offensive. Honoring the decision, Roanoke ceases its assault. Powhattan later takes the capital of Chesapeake, again sparking worry in Roanoke of Powhattan growing too strong. However, it becomes clear that peace, at least for now, is necessary. Roanoke allows Powhattan to annex Chesapeake, but lays claim to the territory it seized; namely the Tidewater region up to Virginia Beach. The marriage between Weapemeoc and Roanoke bears fruit this year, and Makkitotosimew gives birth to three children between 1500 - 1505, two of whom are females that can carry on the Paquiwoc dynasty. Makkitotosimew accepts the Powhattan invitation. She brings with her an exotic Venus fly-trap and plenty of Roanoke's finest Black Drink, along with some of Roanoke's finest caught fish of 1500. She wishes to extend trade deals to Powhattan, yet is weary of a Chesapeake uprising, again negotiating for the Okima's claim to Tidewater and OTL Virginia Beach. Back in the Outer Banks, trade swells as Roanoke's trade rival falls to the wayside. This prosperity encourages the Okimate to establish several more trade routes through the Inner Banks and down the Carolinian Shore. The Roanoke act as a middle ground between the lumber-producing nations to the north and the bountiful islands to the south. Exclusive trade deals with the Ayiti are proposed, which would see both markets swell with coveted items, as are deals with nations along the Georgian and Floridian coasts.


 * Plains Cree Confederation: Due to increased pressure on the villages to fulfill tribute requirements, villages begin to organize annual or semi-annual "round-ups" of bison instead of organizing sporadic, small-scale hunting expeditions. Due to the scale of these activities, the entire village usually participates; with men locating and mustering the buffalo herds, while the women being responsible for the processing of hide, meat, and fat (as well as cleaning the furs). The surplus is used by the village to manufacture household goods, or traded to merchants for profit. Similarly, many villages start to grow grain not only for subsistence but to provide fodder to the bison herds; while the men conduct periodic checkups to tend to injured livestock and assist in births. The transition to mixed agriculture, from subsistence-level horticulture/pastoralism, continues. Meanwhile, in the Three Cities, more workshops are built due to a sudden surge of raw materials allowing the heightened production of luxury garments, leatherware (footwear, bags, fashion accessories), and tallow-based products such as fuel, cooking oil and to a lesser extent, soaps and ointments. These manufactures are both consumed by the urban elite, and also exported to foreign markets. Minor exports are paper, timber, and apicultural products. Supreme Chief Asinīyeo begins a short tour of the Turtle Island, with the intent of reviewing foreign institutions in hopes of replicating them domestically, as well as gaining insight into the production of gunpowder weapons such as cannons and the arquebus – weapons which have been acquired through trade, yet continue to mystify the Cree. With the discretion of the Grand Council, he designates his mother as the provisional Supreme Chief. He visits the Sioux, Cahokia, and reaches as far east as the Delaware and Chesapeake before returning. Upon returning, he implements four major reforms. He vastly-expands the criminal code (though there is still no civil code), with the maximum punishment being banishment from Cree lands. He codifies laws on the ownership of property and inheritance. Due to the matrilineal nature of Cree society, only females could inherit unless explicitly-stated in a written will (which is rare, given the vast majority of the villages being almost entirely illiterate). While everyone is granted the right to own property, it has little effect on village relations, as many villagers decide to cultivate their crops as a joint-enterprise with their kinsmen – dividing the produce equally between the participating households. Finally, Supreme Chief Asinīyeo mandates the adoption of last names to help enforce the collection of tribute and census data. All individuals will have two names in addition to their personal name – a matronymic name, and a clan name (based on their founder or the surrounding place). Due to many clans tracing their lineage to the same mythical figures, they are distinguished by an additional toponymic name.

1505-1510
'Itzcoatl of Cholula is favorable to the compromise of the Tlatoani of Mexico, and his fellow clerics who are of moderate opinion likewise concede. However, a more radical faction led by a charismatic artisan named Guatemoc continue in a far less prominent, but more violent fashion. Guatemoc considers the religion controlled by the central government to be corrupt and calls for its general de-centralization.

'Across the western continents, descendents of bison which have evolved into their own separate breed of bovids are colloquially called “cows” and serve as a common source of milk and protein. Similar bovids found by settles in the New World are generally found to be leaner and more feral.

'The invasion of the nation of Nicarao by the nation of Miskito results in a Miskito victory. The nation of Miskito suffers 4,100 casualties, while the nation of Nicarao suffers 8,950 casualties.

'The Innu-Naskapi defense against the Thule and Beothuk results in a Thule victory. The Innu suffer 2,390 casualties, the Naspaki suffer 6,580 casualties, the Thule suffer 2,870 casualties, and the Beothuk suffer 2,010 casualties.

'The Muisca wholeheartedly reject the demands from the Inca Empire, and instead seek alliances with the other nations of the northern coast.

'After several minor battles around the Charrúa capital, the nation’s nobility elects to surrender to the invading Guarani Empire, assuming that the Guarani do not harm the nation’s people.

'In the newly discovered eastern lands, ships arrive from Powhatan to the formally Chesapeake colony established in the Gaul region, but discover the colony mysteriously abandoned. All of the city’s inhabitants are missing without a trace, and the colony is mostly disassembled. On a single tree near the settlement, the word “Boi” is discovered carved on the side. Elsewhere, the Galician colony likewise faces numerous native attacks, which diminish the colony’s population significantly. In the south the Lenni Lenape colony at Langundowi is completely razed.