Kabylie (1983: Doomsday)

Kabylie or Kabylia (Kabyle: Tamurt Iqbayliyen, Tamurt n Leqbayel or Tamurt idurar), is a country in the north of Africa it's bordered by Algeria. It is part of the Tell Atlas and is located at the edge of the Mediterranean Sea. Kabylia covers is divided in several provinces once of Algeria: the whole of Tizi Ouzou and Bejaia (Bgayet), most of Bouira (Tubirett) and parts of the wilayas of Bordj Bou Arreridj, Jijel, Boumerdes, and Setif. Gouraya National Park and Djurdjura National Park are also located in Kabylie.



Antiquity
Kabylia was part of Numidia (202 BC – 46 BC).

Condensed introduction
By the hypothesis that North Africa was once covered with water, the only land left for people to have inhabited is what appears to now be the Atlas Mountains. The Kabyle people have always inhabited the peaks of the Algerian Highlands, a part of the Atlas Mountains located in eastern Algeria. Several sources, from anthropology to the genome, conclude that the Kabyles are autochthonous inhabitants of this territory, also commonly referred to as "Homeland". Except for the Germanic clan known as the Vandals, no other peoples have ever cohabitated with them on their territory - neither the Phoenicians, the Romans, the Byzantines, the Turks or the French. While most of these invaders established military forts on seashore cities (originally built by Phoenicians), the contact with the local peoples past the Atlas chain, which constitutes an impressive barrier, has remained minimal. In Kabyle lands, Roman troops lost their advantage, and local insurgents found refuge. No invader succeeded in imposing its rule over the Kabyle people until the French, late in the middle of the 19th century - a cohabitation which eventually led to a conflict of sovereignty, resulting in the notorious Algerian War, which lasted eight years from 1954 to 1962.

Not even after the independence from the French could any Algerian government impose its authority without the full consent of the Kabyles, for they possess one of the oldest forms of republican and decentralized government, called the AArhs system. This is a temporary structure raised only as needed, with a system of limited-term elected bodies, starting at the family and village level, up to the regional level. The term of a delegate is equal to the length of time necessary for the resolution of the conflict for which the assemblies has been called.

Post-independence, the Kabyles have been in conflict with the central government of Algiers since its inception in 1962, leading into a 1-year civil war. This resulted from the choice the leaders of the Liberation Army had to make, between a federated assembly of regions advanced by the Kabyles, or a Jacobin form of republic imposed through coups and internal betrayal (sponsored by the Pan-Arabist movement of Nasser). This conflict remains very much alive, and has resulted in several Kabyle incursions against the dictatorship of the Algiers government. Despite the existence of two locally based political parties (the Socialist Forces Front and the Rally for Culture and Democracy, the majority of Kabyles are in favour of regional autonomy; this is proclaimed (and demanded) by the Movement for the autonomy of Kabylie, a group which is portrayed by the regime as worse terrorists than the Islamists.

Middle age
===The Fatimid dynasty of the 10th century originated in Lower Kabylie, where an Ismaili missionary (dā‘ī) found a receptive audience for his millennialist preaching, and ultimately led the Kutama tribe to be accepted as a voluntary tax contribution collected in Ifriqiya and then Egypt. After taking over Egypt, failing to raise the moneys hoped for, they left for Egypt. A Berber Family emerged as a formidable leader in the Unique Berber form of Elected Delegates form of Government, the Zirids. Beyond their immediate Zirid territory(aarch/Congragation) another Aarch and FamilyHammadid emerged in Kabylia with influence covering most of today's Algeria, whereas the Zirid's territory extended estward to cover the area modern Tunisia. The indifference towards Islam Kabyles express had a lasting effect on the entire region's development. The difference in religious views and alliegences resulted the founding of towns such as Béjaïa and Algiers itself. and the evolution of two distinct Peoples, recognized by bothe the Turcs and the French as two distinct Berber Peoples, and thus resulting in two separate independances, and modern Countries. A similar scenario also developed in the Western regions, resulting in the separate country of Morocco. The Kabyle country remained as unconquerable as it is inaccessible to both the Ottaman deys, who had to content themselves with coastal military settlements from which they earned the name of "Barbary Pirates" and in some valleys where Islam was readily accepted. As result of the new face of the Islamist adventurers under the Ottaman flag, the Velkadi Clan emerged as a formidable Aarch congregation with influence over much of the Highlands of Kabylia from their base Tizi-Wezzou baptized by the French as Koukou. The Aarch Congregation self-desolved as soon as the Ottaman threats disappeared with the arrival of the European and American Navies to put an end to the Islamic piratry from bases on the coast of North Africa.===

[edit]Modern age
19th century Kabylie jar, National Museum of African Art Though the region was the last stronghold against French colonization, the area was gradually taken over by the French from 1857, despite vigorous local resistance by the local population led by leaders such as Faḍma n Sumer, continuing as late as Mokrani's rebellion in 1871. Much land was confiscated in this period from the more recalcitrant tribes and given to French pieds-noirs. Many arrests and deportations were carried out by the French, mainly to New Caledonia. Colonization also resulted in an acceleration of the emigration into other areas of the country and outside of it.

Algerian migrant workers in France organized the first party promoting independence in the 1920s. Messali Hadj,Imache Amar, Si Djilani, and Belkacem Radjef rapidly built a strong following throughout France and Algeria in the 1930s and actively trained militants who became key players during the struggle for independence and in building an independent Algerian state.

During the War of independence (1954–1962), Kabylia was one of the areas most affected, because of the importance of the maquis (aided by the mountainous terrain) and French repression. Several historic leaders of the FLN came from this region, including Hocine Aït Ahmed, Abane Ramdane, and Krim Belkacem.

After independence
Tensions developed between Kabyle leaders and the central government on several occasions, initially in 1963, when the Socialist Forces Front party of Hocine Aït Ahmed contested the use of the name of a popular resistance movement as a political party, by Nasserian agents, of lower grade within the FLN, incapable of organizing their respective regions to provide delegates for the establishment of the 1st Legitimate Algerian Constitution. Organized as a temporary Government a Junta with alliegiance, and military support from Nasser and other Pan-Arabists succeeded in preventing such a convention and a legitimate Constitution voted by a legitimate parliament. A year armed confrontation resulted, in which most FLN leaders from Kabylia and the eastern provinces were either eecuted or pushed to exile. In 1980, several months of demonstrations demanding the officialization of the Tamazight/Berber language, known as the Berber Spring, took place in Kabylie and Algiers, resulting in an extra-judiciary imprisonment of thousands of pro-Berber Algerian intellectuals. The Government security forces sieged and violently prevented a Berber poetry recital organized by the faculty and student of the main city of Kabylia, Tizi-Wezzu.

In 1984 Greece invaded the Region and annexed it, so a de-facto state was created with a nacionalist goverment wich make a revolution in 1989, finally gaining independence in 1994, devastating the countrie.

In 1998 a new goverment take power as a dictatorship and start a modernization project, transforming the countrie.

In 2008 the dictatorship goverment was overthrown.

In January 24 2009 2 greek spies were dicovered, after that Kabylie invaded the borders and start a conflict wich last until July 30 2009.

On March 16 a group of Kabyles pirates attack a League of Nations ship near the coast, the only know thing is a video that was show first on Kabyles News Tv in wich a League of Nations Staff Member from The Alpine Confederation is killed by cutting his head.