Principia Moderni III (Map Game)

​Principia Moderni, or "The Beginning of the Modern" in late Latin, was a map game beginning in the final days of the Middle Ages in Europe, and the early days of the Ming Dynasty in China - in 1400 C. E, a turbulent era; in other words, an era of change; an era in which power is cemented. The first game was perhaps the most successful map game on the wiki in terms of length, finishing without dying and plausible expansions. However, it did have its problems, and has now finished. The second game, instead of being a worthy successor to the first, was marred by over-expansionism, feuds between players, ambiguity in the rules, which often caused controversy on wars between player nations, over-competitiveness, and overall inactivity of the moderators, but was nevertheless successful in reaching the Modern Age. And thus, this third installment has been created. Welcome to Principia Moderni III!

Active

 * 1) Andr3w777
 * 2) Collie Kaltenbrunner (Moderator-in-Chief, Assistant Mapmaker)
 * 3) Callumthered
 * 4) Commandante Lemming
 * 5) CourageousLife
 * 6) CrimsonAssassin (Moderator and Mapmaker, Leader of the Autobots)
 * 7) Fedelede
 * 8) Feudalplague (Algo Mod, ASB Hunter, Mapmaker)
 * 9) Monster Pumpkin
 * 10) Mscoree (Moderator, Mapmaker, and Fresh (﻿ ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°) of /b/el Moderni III)
 * 11) Scandinator (Mapmaker, Disaster Mod)
 * 12) Sine dei gloriem (Moderator and Mapmaker)

Honorary

 * AwesomePeruvian
 * Cosman246 (creator of the first game)
 * Detectivekenny (moderator-in-chief of the first game)
 * Galaguerra1
 * NovaSims
 * PitaKang
 * LurkerLordB (moderator-in-chief of Principia Moderni II until about 1580)
 * VonGlusenburg
 * Scrawland Scribblescratch (Mapmaker only)

Current Map
As a note to everyone, do not edit the map unless you are authorized as a mapmaker. Inability to follow this rule will be met with action. "This is not your grave  but you are welcome in it. " 00:00, April 10, 2014 (UTC)

Remember to align the map to the center! Bfoxius (talk)

Please use the posted map as the Base map for editing from now on. -Feud



Sign-ups

 * See Also: Territories 

Western Europe (France and Iberia)

 * Lordship of Albret --
 * Andorra -- (Vassal of France)
 * Anjou (Personal Union under Provence) --
 * Brittany -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Empire of Hispania --
 * Foix (Personal Union with Andorra)
 * French Monarchy (Predominant French control, Still some nations away from direct monarchic control)
 * Alençon (Dynastic Union with Valois) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Angoulême (No Ruler, governed by Valois) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Armagnac (Dynastic Union with Valois) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Auvergne (Personal Union with Berry, vassal of France) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Berry (Dynastic Union with Valois, vassal of France) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Blois (Personal Union under Orléans with France) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Bourbon (Dynastic Union with Valois, vassal of France) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Duchy of Burgundy (Personal Union with France) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Dunois (Personal Union under Orléans with France) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Forez (Personal Union under Bourbon, vassal of France) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * France: -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * La Marche (Dynastic Union with Bourbon) --
 * Nemours (Personal Union with Armagnac) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Nevers (Dynastic Union with Burgundy) --
 * Orléans (Dynastic Union with Valois, vassal of France) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Parthenay (vassal of Orléans) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Périgord (Personal Union under Orléans) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Rodez (Personal Union with Armagnac) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Valois -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Vendôme (Personal Union under La Marche) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Limoges --
 * Portugal -- Collie Kaltenbrunner (talk)
 * Saluzzo (vassal of France) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Kingdom of the Netherlands -- With Blood and Iron (talk)
 * Dutch Nigeria:

Northern Europe (Britain and Scandinavia)

 * UNC
 * Denmark -- Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svgLabarum.jpgCrimsonAssassin- I have special eyes
 * Sweden -- Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svgLabarum.jpgCrimsonAssassin- I have special eyes
 * Norway -- Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svgLabarum.jpgCrimsonAssassin- I have special eyes
 * Schleswig -- Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svgLabarum.jpgCrimsonAssassin- I have special eyes
 * Sligo --
 * Thomond --

Albion

 * Éire -- Tardis.pngS-Y!!,Basically, RUN!!Tardis.png
 * England -- Trust Me, I'm The Doctor (talk)
 * Wales -- Trust Me, I'm The Doctor (talk)
 * Dublin -- Trust Me, I'm The Doctor (talk)
 * Scotland -- Trust Me, I'm The Doctor (talk)

Holy Roman Empire

 * Alpine HRE States
 * Aargau --
 * Austria -- Mscoree (talk)
 * Basel -- vassal of France Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Cilli (vassal of Hungary) -- [[Image:1.png|23px]]Imp (Say Hi?!)
 * Freibourg --
 * Montfort --
 * Swiss Confederacy
 * Salzburg -- (vassal of Austria) Mscoree (talk)
 * Wallis --
 * Bohemian HRE States (vassal states to Bohemia, except Moravia)
 * Bohemia -- (Personal Union with Austria) Millgy/Mscoree (talk)
 * Moravia -- (Dynastic Union with Bohemia) -- Mscoree (talk)
 * Silesia --  (vassal of Bohemia) -- Mscoree (talk)
 * Lusatia -- (vassal of Bohemia) -- Mscoree (talk)
 * Frankish HRE States
 * Bar --
 * County of Burgundy -- (Personal union under the Duchy of Burgundy) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Cambrai (Bishopric) --
 * French Flanders -- (Artios, and the lands south of the county of Flanders, Personal Union with Burgundy) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Lorraine -- (vassal of Burgundy) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Luxembourg -- (Personal Union under Moravia) -- Mscoree (talk)
 * Straßburg -- (vassal of Austria)
 * Sundgau -- (Consolidated with Strassburg)
 * Verdun -- (vassal of France) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Grand Duchy of Bavaria
 * Bavaria -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Burgau (vassal of Bavaria) -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Nürnburg (vassal of Bavaria) -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Burggraschaft (vassal of Bavaria) -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Bamberg (vassal of Bavaria) -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Würzburg (vassal of Bavaria) -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Thuringia (vassal of Bavaria) -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Saxony (vassal of Bavaria) -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Bremen Port (Bavarian Territory) -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Cleves-Mark (vassal of Koln) -- Right Tosser (talk) 19:21, July 5, 2014 (UTC)
 * Köln -- Right Tosser (talk) 19:21, July 5, 2014 (UTC)
 * Grand Duchy of Hesse
 * Hesse -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Lippe -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Bruchhausen -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Bremen -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Neu Lippe -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Berg -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Neu Bremen -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Neu Bruchausen -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Ludwig Insels -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * German HRE States (under construction)
 * Augsburg -- (vassal of Austria) -- Mscoree (talk)
 * Bamberg --
 * Brandenburg (Personal Union under Moravia) -- Mscoree (talk)
 * Duchy of Stade (vassal of Hamburg) -- I am that guy (talk) 17:44, June 6, 2014 (UTC)
 * Burggrafschaft --
 * Duchy of Hamburg -- I am that guy (talk)
 * Holstein (vassal of Hamburg) --
 * Jülich -- (vassal of Trier) --
 * Magdeburg (Prince-Bishopric) -- (vassal to Hamburg) --
 * Mainz (Prince-Bishopric) -- (vassal of Austria) Mscoree (talk)
 * Mecklenburg (Personal union with Hamburg) --
 * Munster (Prince-Bishopric, vassal of Hamburg) --
 * Oldenburg -- Callumthered (talk)
 * Osnabrück (Prince-Bishopric, vassal of Oldenburg) -- Callumthered (talk)
 * Paderborn (Prince-Bishopric, vassal of Hesse) -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Pfalz (vassal of Austria) -- Mscoree (talk)
 * Pomerania (vassal of Hamburg) -- Mscoree (talk)
 * Trier (Prince-Bishopric) -- NonEuclidean ツ (Talk)
 * Zweibrücken (vassal of Trier) --
 * Swabia (vassal of Austria) -- Mscoree (talk)
 * Italian HRE States
 * Corsica (Personal Union under Italy)
 * Ferrara (vassal of Italy) -- Saturn (Talk) 18:22, May 29, 2014 (UTC)
 * Genoa (Personal Union under Italy)
 * Lombardy -- Tr0llis (talk)
 * Modena -- (vassal of Lombardy)
 * Ravenna -- (vassal of Milan) -- Tr0llis (talk)
 * Provence -- (vassal of France)
 * Tuscany (vassal of Italy)

Southern Europe (Italy and the Balkans)

 * Albania (vassal of the Roman Empire) -- Monster Pumpkin
 * Arborea -- Mapmaker023 (talk)
 * Bulgaria (vassal of Romania) -- Stephanus rex (talk)
 * Roman (Byzantine) Empire -- Monster Pumpkin
 * Croatia -- FirstChairmanLogo(Sky).pngSky Green 24 - Join the party FirstChairmanLogo(Sky).png
 * Epirote Republic (vassal of the Roman Empire) -- Monster Pumpkin
 * Hungary -- [[Image:1.png|23px]]Imp (Say Hi?!)
 * Empire of Hispania --
 * Italy -- (Personal Union under Spain) --
 * Kingdom of Venezia (vassal of Spain) --
 * Duchy of Savoy (vassal of Spain) --
 * Duchy of Genoa (vassal of Spain) --
 * Naxos (vassal of the Roman Empire) -- Monster Pumpkin
 * Vatican City (vassal of Italy) --
 * Ragusa (vassal of the Roman Empire) -- Monster Pumpkin
 * Romania -- Stephanus rex (talk)
 * Sardinia (Personal Union with France) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Serbia (vassal of Hungary) -- [[Image:1.png|23px]]Imp (Say Hi?!)
 * Zeta (vassal of Italy) -- Saturn (Talk)

Eastern Europe

 * Courland -- Yank
 * Great Perm (vassal of the Tartary) -- Fed (talk)
 * Tatar Empire -- Fed (talk)
 * Muscovy -- Fritzmet (talk) 02:45, April 20, 2014 (UTC)
 * Novgorod Republic -- Scarlet Outlaw
 * Rostov (vassal of Novgorod) -
 * Yaroslavl (vassal of Novgorod) -
 * Osel-Wiek --
 * Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth -- Flag of Romania.svgToţi în unu; Nihil Sine DeoFlag of Romania.svg
 * Pskov -- -Lx (leave me a message)Azarath Flag.png
 * Prussia -- Yank
 * Neu Pommerania: Kurt Cobain&#39;s Haircut (talk)
 * Tver (vassal of Novgorod) -
 * Slovakia (vassal of P-L Commonwealth) -   Flag of Romania.svgToţi în unu; Nihil Sine DeoFlag of Romania.svg

Anatolia and Caucasia

 * Principality of Amier-Kavkasia (vassal of Georgia) --
 * Ankara (vassal of Damascan Sultanate) -- SwankyJ (talk)
 * Kingdom of Armenia (Dynastic Union with Georgia) --
 * Azkridesha/Lydia (vassal of the Roman Empire) -- Monster Pumpkin
 * Azbrejian (vassal of Damascan Sultanate) -- SwankyJ (talk) 20:58, July 15, 2014 (UTC)
 * Burdur (rebel - organized) --
 * Bursa/? (vassal of the Roman Empire) -- Monster Pumpkin
 * Damascan Sultanate -- SwankyJ (talk)
 * Diyabakir (vassal of Damascan Sultanate) -- SwankyJ (talk)
 * Erzurum (rebel - organized) --
 * Kingdom of Georgia --
 * Izmir (rebel - organized) --
 * Karamanian Sultanate (vassal of Damascan Sultanate) --  SwankyJ (talk)
 * Principality of Rani (vassal of Georgia) --
 * Sakarya (rebel - disorganized) --

Mesopotamia

 * Mansuriyya Sultanate -- This is UglyTurtle, Signing off.
 * Grand Principality of Assyria (vassal of Georgia) --
 * Muzaffarid Dynasty --
 * Aleppo Eyalet --

Arabia

 * Oman --
 * Yemen -- Aqua817 (talk)

Central Asia

 * Khanate of Bukhara (vassal of the Tartary) -- Fed (talk)
 * Khanate of Khiva (vassal of the Safavids) --
 * Kurdistan (annexed by Damascan Sultanate) -- SwankyJ (talk) 20:52, July 15, 2014 (UTC)
 * Shahdom of Verkana --
 * Southern Persia (annexed by Mansuriyya Sultanate) -- This is UglyTurtle, Signing off.

South Asia

 * Bahmani -- GlobalConqueror (talk) 14:36, May 23, 2014 (UTC)
 * Empire of Urdustan -- &#34;SO SAYETH THE EAGLE&#34; - Fascist Eagle ಠ_ಠ (talk)
 * Rajya of Orissa -- &#34;SO SAYETH THE EAGLE&#34; - Fascist Eagle ಠ_ಠ (talk)
 * Swargadeo of Kamarumpa -- &#34;SO SAYETH THE EAGLE&#34; - Fascist Eagle ಠ_ಠ (talk)
 * Rajya of Vijaynagar -- &#34;SO SAYETH THE EAGLE&#34; - Fascist Eagle ಠ_ಠ (talk)
 * Chutiya (vassal of Tibet) --
 * Jaunpur --
 * Sindh --
 * Multan --
 * Kangra --
 * Ladakh --
 * Dhundhar --
 * Jaisalmer -
 * Suri Empire --
 * Marwar --
 * Delhi --

East Asia

 * The Great Liao Empire --
 * Western Chagatai Khanate (vassal of the Tartary) -- Fed (talk)
 * Haixi Jurchens (vassal of China) -- Guns
 * Hualian --
 * Japan (civil war between the Daimyos, highly decentralized) **
 * Akamatsu --
 * Amago --
 * Fusahito Theocracy -- Ozymandias2 (talk) 13:22, April 14, 2014 (UTC)
 * Imagawa --
 * Kamakura --
 * Kikuchi --
 * Mogami --
 * Oda --
 * Otomo --
 * Satake --
 * Takeda --
 * Uesugi --
 * Korea (vassal of China) --  Seiga
 * Ming China -- Guns
 * Mongol Khanate (vassal of China) -- Guns
 * Mangut Nivkhgu --
 * Ryukyu --
 * Tainan (vassal of China) -- Guns
 * Tibet --

South-East Asia

 * Ayutthaya --
 * Dai Viet -- Harvenard2 (talk)
 * Khmer Empire (vassal of China) -- Guns
 * Lan Xang (vassal of China) -- Guns
 * Lanna --
 * Pegu (vassal of China) -- Guns
 * Shan States --
 * Sukhothai (vassal of Ayutthaya) --
 * Taungoo --

Asian Islands

 * Aceh  --
 * Aru  --
 * Bima --
 * Bone --
 * Brunei -- Linq (talk)
 * Kutai --
 * Majapahit --
 * Malacca - WHY seriously why???!!! 16:50, June 19, 2014 (UTC)
 * Makassar --
 * Minahasa --
 * Negara Dipa --
 * Pagaruyung --
 * Selebar --
 * Siak --
 * Sukadang --
 * Sunda (Dutch protectorate) -- With Blood and Iron (talk) 00:43, June 14, 2014 (UTC)
 * Tidore --
 * Tondo --
 * Tulang Bawang --
 * Timor (vassal of Marrukuwuyanga) -- RexImperio (talk)

North Africa

 * Hungarian Banu Sulaym (Hungarian vassal) -- [[Image:1.png|23px]]Imp (Say Hi?!)
 * Gasfa --
 * Sultanate of Tunisia -- I'll be here thanks
 * Kingdom of Morocco -- (vassal of Castile And Member of the Spanish Confederation)
 * Zab --
 * Zayyanid -- TQDA"Ducksassin!"
 * Alexandria (Egypt) (vassal of the Roman Empire) -- Monster Pumpkin

West Africa

 * Borgu --
 * Ghana -- Matt121 ??? Matt125 (talk)
 * Ife --
 * Igala --
 * Jenne --
 * Kanem Empire --
 * Kwararafa --
 * Mema --
 * Mossi --
 * Nupe --
 * Salum --
 * Siine --
 * Songhay --
 * Takur --
 * Tuareg --
 * Wolof --
 * Zafunu --
 * Kingdom of the Kongo --

South Africa

 * Great Zimbabwe -- For the glory of the Netherlands (talk)
 * on -- Saamwiil, the Humble

East Africa

 * Alodia (vassal of Damascan Sultanate) -- SwankyJ (talk)
 * Makuria (vassal of Damascan Sultanate) -- SwankyJ (talk)
 * Ostland (al-Sumal) --
 * Ethiopia (Independent) -- Captainjohnrex (talk)
 * Iritriya --
 * Interlacustrine States (fragmented) --
 * Madagasikara League --
 * Empire of Madagasikara  (Spanish vassal) --
 * Mozambika (Spanish vassal) --
 * Sofala (Spanish vassal) --
 * Swahili City-States **
 * al-Swahili (Dynastic Union with Madagasikara) --
 * Dar es Salaam (Spanish vassal) --
 * Kilwa (Spanish vassal) --

TBN (Australasia)

 * Marrikuwuyanga -- User:RexImperio

TBN (Pacific)

 * Otago Maori --
 * Waikato Maori -- Flag of the Hurian Federation.png Vivaporius: "I don't need a slogan" 08:04, June 22, 2014 (UTC)
 * Tonga --
 * Tahiti --
 * Samoa --
 * Hawaii --

Borealia

 * Avelinia (Banche Esterno) (Survivior of the Italian Downfall, independent) -- Saturn (Talk)
 * Colorado Civilization --
 * Iroquois (disorganized) --
 * Lenni Leppei (disorganized) --
 * Natigoseg L'nu -- Krasnoyarsk (talk)
 * Aksimiki -- Krasnoyarsk (talk)
 * Mississippian Confederation --
 * Moundville (Member of the Confederation) -- Rex
 * Etowah (Member of the Confederation) -- Rex
 * Parkin (Member of the Confederation) -- Rex
 * Odawa (Member of the Confederation) -- Rex

Lower Borealia

 * Atlocuapo (under Aztec dominionship) -- Praise be to Helix #FP  (Talk to Me)
 * Aztec Empire -- Praise be to Helix #FP  (Talk to Me)
 * Guaymi --
 * Yucatan -- Praise be to Helix #FP  (Talk to Me)
 * Ngobe-Bugle (vassal and personal union with Guaymi) --
 * Zapotecs -- CourageousLife (talk)

Hesperia

 * Aymaras (fragmented) --
 * Chiribaya Wamani (vassal of Tawatinsuyu):   I am on the edge...   The EdgeofNight   01:17, July 10, 2014 (UTC)
 * Chile (colonial vassal of Hispania)
 * Tawatinsuyu (Inca Empire) --   I am on the edge...   The EdgeofNight   01:17, July 10, 2014 (UTC)
 * Vorlayacor -- IhaveSonar (talk)
 * Mapuche --

Wall of Shame
This list is for users currently prohibited from participating in the game.
 * User: Arceus The God of Pokemon : permanent ban for sockpuppetting on the first game.
 * User: Eldwolf : permanent ban for deleting the entire page of the first game and replacing it with profanities.
 * User: Twisty123456789 : permanent ban for sockpuppeting on the second game.
 * User: Ratc3333 : permanent ban for sockpuppeting.

1560
'''The nation of Egypt declares independence from Roman influence, noting that the combined strength of the Egyptian lords far greatly exceeds that of the Roman Empire in the region. An army of primarily Muslim fighters begins a guerrilla campaign against cities along the Nile River, overthrowing Roman influence in the area. Similarly, noting the weakness in Egypt, a local lord from Alexandria leads an Egyptian and Coptic Christian revolt to seize control over the Suez Canal. Pledging the protect the canal and preserve its uses, as well as open and expand trade to other nations, the Alexandrians gain support from merchants across the Mediterranean. In the Middle East the revolt gains support from many local Muslims who seek to liberate the Holy Land, but overall the effort is unified by the fact that all parties are distinctly non-Roman. To clarify, overall the nations of Egypt, Alexandria,  Aiguptia, and Judea all declare independence, and are combatting the Romans within the same theater.  (Scores undoubled for Egypt, Alexandria, Aiguptia, and Judea: Military: 10, Economy: 7, Infrastructure: 3.)'''

'''Don't get me wrong, I am all for the Roman Empire being weakened because they are strong but do the Egyptian rebels have serious reason for open revolt? Seems silly as the Egyptian or Alexandrian nobles have gathered loyalty towards the Roman Empire. And the territory is soon to be annexed by Constantinople, as the land has become more assimilated with its Greek roots. Someone please explain to me how protecting a canal exactly provides a rallying for rebellion. Thank you greatly for your time. -Swank'''

'''I think the Muslims probably revolted because they were previously controlled by Christian Alexandria and now Roman Empire. Basically, a switch in power from one Christian state to another and neither respecting the Muslims; insisting on getting them converted. The people remembering how they previously dominated the area under the Mamluks probably considered now being converted by the Romans as somewhat shameful. Another reason might be the rise of the Ottomons/Damascan Sultanate and Mansurriya Caliphate in the Middle East which would have sort of reminded the Muslims of their power the need to bring Islam back to Egypt in power or something similar. '''

As for Christians: well, Alexandria was a strong state because they completely controlled the Red Sea, the Arabian Ocean and the Straits of Malacca and had partial control over the Gulf. Their economy was stable and had a fairly strong military, thus the people would have been quite patriotic and have a sense of national pride. After being taken over by the Romans (and the entire Philadelphi Canal Defense Agreement failing)''' and having their overseas territories divided, the Christians would have considered this an insult. Ethiopia had declared independence, the port of Katrina handed over to Eire, and Dutch given control over the Malacca Straits ... And obviously, the Coptic Christians would probably be under pressure from the Romans to once again become Catholic, they would decided to revolt. Considering that the Muslims had already started revolt, the Coptic Christians not wanting Roman control over Egypt but not Muslim domination either, would have started a revolt of their own. That is what I can think of ... -Rimp'''

'''Former provinces of the Ottoman Empire that are almost entirely Muslim or Turkish begin a revolt against Roman rule in Anatolia. Three separate independent or pro-Turkish movements arise in Bithynia, Lycia, and Caria (Scores undoubled: Military: 8, Economy: 6, Infrastructure: 5) in an effort to overthrow Christian rule and in some cases restore provinces to the Ottoman Empire. Aid is requested from the Ottoman Empire and from other Muslim nations of Anatolia. '''

'''The Ottoman Empire no longer dictates. The Damascan Sultanate has taken control. Just in case someone gets into a technical debate with me. -Swank'''

'''A series of crop failures and a relatively harsh winter cause Spanish settlements south of the OTL San Matías Gulf to collapse. The majority of settlers die or flee north where the land is more fertile and hospitable. Settlements in these areas are removed and temporarily halted from expanding, although Spanish claim to these regions remains. '''


 * Hamburg-Mecklenburg: in the New World, the government-owned Neu Braunschweig trade outpost is officially raised to colonial status, and expands 20 px outward from its new capital, also named Neu Braunschweig (OTL Saint John). The addition of a new colony also helps the traffic between Europe and Neu Hamburg, as additional funding allows for greater improvements to the port facilities. Williamsburg expands outward 20 px, and Neu Lüneburg expands 20 px southeast. Neu Hamburg further expands 20 px. The posts in the Friedrich Inseln see more improvements to allow greater traffic through them, as their position give Hamburg a great launch point into east Asia. Back home, the military and economy is expanded. Improvements are made to the existing road systems, allowing for smoother transport of goods between cities.
 * County of Holstein: Military and economy expanded.
 * Duchy of Stade: Military and economy expanded.
 * Prince-Archbishopric of Münster: Military and economy expanded.
 * Ostland (al-Sumal): Infrastructure expanded. Expands 20 px north towards Puntland.
 * Trier: We dedicate this turn to military, as do Jülich, Zweibrücken, and our vassals. The states around us are influenced, including Berg. Trade routes are established, opening trade among Hesse, Cologne, and Austria and her vassals. To improve infrastructure we begin building several defenses, and roads to link towns across the nation. Fortifications around our capital are improved and updated. The University of Trier is expanded.
 * Portugal: Continues a notable buildup in military strength and allows for a vigorous training program on the existing military forces attempting to train them up heavily. Meanwhile, the administration continues to be reformed, and agriculture and commerce are encouraged. Meanwhile, Portugal continues to develop its navy. Meanwhile, the colony in Lenhame continues exporting wheat to Portugal. Meanwhile, trade intensifies in the African coast. The Açores continue to be settled. Meanwhile, the naus continue being used. Naval explorations directed to the west continue. Meanwhile, Santa Cruz expands north by 2500 sq km. Meanwhile, sugarcane continues to be planted in Santa Cruz. Meanwhile, pau-brasil (brazilwood) starts to be extracted in the colony. Meanwhile, the colony of São Sebastião expands 2500 sq km.
 * Marrikuwuyanga Empire: The wheat surplus had steadily increased which had allowed the Marrikuwuyanga to increase their population. The Marrikuwuyanga continued their trade with the Dutch East India Company after the Supreme Council of Twelve had allowed the Dutch to create a trade outpost [1 px] at West Timor. The Marrikuwuyangan economy was steadily growing after the shock it had faced when the Ayutthaya faced rebellion. The Marrikuwuyangan economy was the strongest in the region and hundreds of men from other tribal states would migrate to Marrikuwuyanga annually to live in better conditions. The Marrikuwuyanga now produced muskets in large number, although training in using spears was still provided. The development of a cannon brought a new era for the Marrikuwuyangans who had never seen such a decisive weapon. The navy is developed. Smallpox had finally come to an end and the people returned to their normal lives. The construction of a university had started with the aid of the Dutch. Meanwhile, contact was made with the natives of all the Lower Sunda Islands and attempts were made to subjugate the tribes by spreading Marrikuwuyangan influence. Anti-Gulalin sentiment continued to increase as many questioned whether the man they worshipped as a god was the vessel of Emperor Yada Gulpilil's soul or not. Attempts to revolt had, however, largely failed due to the strong grip the Emperor had on the state but mostly because no one had the will to revolt especially after the devastating disease.
 * Timor: The extensive work on developing Timor's navy and military had proved beneficial after the Dutch had started providing the Marrikuwuyanga with their warships for the Marrikuwuyanga to examine and build. The Marrikuwuyangan Emperor, Yada Gulpilil was worshipped by many natives and his power continued to increase over the tribes of Timor. Development of Timor's infrastructure had started with the aid of Dutch, and the construction of a major port for the Dutch to utilize, too, had started. With merchants and now clergy arriving to Timor from the Mataram Sultanate, Islam started to spread among the natives. One of the member of the Supreme Council of Eight who himself had converted to Islam made sure the Emperor was not informed of the spread of the Abrahamic religion.
 * Mudbarra: Eco and mil improve. Men were recruited from villages to be trained on how to use firearms. Approximately 500 men are equipped with firearms and are trained.
 * Gurindji: Eco and mil improve. Men were recruited from villages to be trained on how to use firearms. Approximately 500 men are equipped.
 * Scandinavian Empire: The finalization of the vassalization of the New Jersey coast tribes occurs. The area is now under Scandinavian control. This area is renamed 'New Gotland'. King Nikolous I is thrilled to see the inclusion of an overseas vassal into the Scandinavian sphere of influence. In the meantime, the military is expanded, especially the navy. Gustav riggings are added to more Scandinavian ships.
 * Finland: The military expands as the nation expands by 3500 sq km.
 * Greater Pomerania: The military expands.
 * Iceland: The military expands.
 * Karelia: The military expands as Karelia expands by 3500 sq km.
 * New Gotland: The militia is created.
 * Schleswig: The military is expanded.
 * Strombek: The militia is expanded as Strombek expands by 2000 sq km down the St Lawrence River.
 * Vinland: The militia is expanded as Vinland expands by 2000 sq km closer to the British colony of Massachussets.
 * |onte: Continues to have a large surplus of grains and rice. Though adopting "western farming", the idea of "the tribe" is still very much so alive, as people always share the crops they have grown, or the animals they have hunted amongst the community. Due to the policy of planting tree groves, desert reclamation has started taking serious effect in some parts of |onte. This year has resulted in forty-five elephants being killed. The new expansion to the elephant pen is completed. |onte's population rises to over 141,000. There is a population centre that is beginning to appear around the mouth of the Kunene, and is simply referred to as Kunene. Mon IV continues his expansion north 150 sq km (3 pixels) with the newly equipped Eheresito hu Kunene. Mon III continues combining the many narratives heard into one coherent story, called the Sahaka, and takes on the project of Mon II. Mon X brings books from |onte to !Xoonte as a gift, and a few gifts of ivory hoping to improve relations with their King, and spread |on culture. Mon V teaches the King and many surrounding people how to read and speak literary |on. Mon VI's continues training recruits, with the help of his grandfather for the Ehersito hu Suida. Mon VI buys more of the snaphaunces to equip the new elite corps.
 * The Empire of Britannia: Many ships are modernized and replaced to keep the British Royal Navy a powerful force on the high seas. Port Edmundburg continues to experience a growth in population. The British Navy continues the construction of frigates and galleons. Plans to upgrade other parts of the navy are continued. Port Katrina continues to expand. Britannia also fully adopts the snaphaunce rifle. The parliament forms the Crown Colonial Authority to better monitor Britannia's colonial holdings. The CCA expands control in Africa. Construction of two large galleons, both with 200 guns commences, the Sovereign and the Intrepid, making them the largest vessels ever attempted by a European nation, work is expected to take the better part of a decade. The first frigates of the Rome deal sets sail for its new home in Constantinople. Several older ships are sold to Croatia and other nations to make way for the modern ships. In London, in effort to preserve beer, a local brewer names James Walsh, adopts glass as a method of sealing in the beer, thus preserving it. The massive war Galleons Sovereign and Intrepid continue ahead of schedule and are nearing completion. The HMS Royale, a 368-gun war galleon with added mortar capabilities continues construction in South Hampton shipright. The Empire signs the Third Treaty of Delhi and sends troops to bolster new lands provided by the treaty. The Colonial Authority appoint Maximilian GrandPre as Governor of the Britannic Port of Katrina and outer land. Port William expands 1000 sq km around the coast of New Guerney (OTL Hispaniola). Several cities including Plymouth and Edinburgh see massive expansion and beautification works. Plymouth sees new brownstone houses to support the growing British middle class. The University of Plymouth sees more intellectuals espousing wild and radical suggestions and begin championing rational though through the whole of Plymouth and into mainland Britannia. London sees a renewal of the arts, with modern architecture being found throughout the city. One artist proposed having ornate and beautiful fountains throughout the city. His plans were accepted as part of an urban renewal plan. Soon the capital of the Empire will be known as the City of Fountains. London sees such a growth and change thanks to the growing wealth of the Empire, the city begins developing a reputation as a forward thinking city entrapped in beauty and thought. The Westminster Exchange begins allowing greater freedom in stocks and adopts the Dutch method of joint stocks. Gerard Pictman creates the first "accurate" projection of the Earth on maps called the Pictman Map Projection. The Empire sees this new map and orders its adaptation. Troops are moved in the Port Katrina area as tensions with neighbors grow.
 * Calais: Military and navy are expanded. Calais experiences a remodel of its port facilities to help with trade.
 * Eire: The Irish colony of Nuaphail expands 1000 sq km west. Nuaphail is renamed New Dublin after the capital of the united Eire.
 * Scotland: Expands navy and military. The Edinburgh Stock Exchange continues to do well.
 * Port Edmundburg: Expands by 1000 sq km south and east down the coast. The African colonists begin looking toward mining and other ventures to generate profit. A new newpaper, the first in a colony, is founded, called the Edmundburg Report.
 * New Cambridgeshire: New Cambridgeshire expands by 1000 sq km north and west. Colonists begin to explore around the region and begin to have a large fishing boom. The Port of New Oxford is expanded to handle excess ships from Britannia and other European nations. The L'nu protectorate becomes more closely controlled by Britannia, in several years, leaders hope to begin the vassalization process.
 * Dutch Dip: The Netherlands offer to further unite the economic interests of the Dutch and Britannic through the establishment of Joint stocks and tying the Pound to the Guilder to secure a common exchange rate within the North Sea trade league.
 * L'nu Dip: In order to maintain Brittanian goodwill, we offer to sell Natigosteg (OTL Anticosti Island, devastated by smallpox) for twenty merchant ships, two printing presses, twenty cannons, and personnel who can train L'nu to use these things.
 * Prussia and their vassals continue to expand their military.
 * Neu Pommern: Natives continue to be dealt with. An outpost is built on the Florida Keys. Oranges, rum, cannabis, and cotton continue to be exported, mainly farmed by Natives through the neo-feudal system. Privateers continue to bring in goods at a increasing rate as more pirates flock to the very lucrative Imperial lanes and as new colonies are built or expanded upon in the region (e.g. Neu Hamburg, New Guerney). Expansion continues 5 px inland alongside Bancho Esterno border, 10 pixels on west shore going north, and 5 pixels by Freihafen.
 * Tawatinsuyu: Military improves. The Inca government begins to quash the National's attacks against the Empire. Roughly 7% of the Inca population supports the nationals, with another 60% supporting the government. The remaining 30% are neutral. Population across the empire hits 919,000. Chimu remains the largest city in the empire (115,000) with Qusqo coming in second (80,000), followed by Peru (26,000), Machu Picchu (24,000) and Sican (15,000). Chimu and Sican remain isolated culturally when compared with the rest of the empire. The Inca begin to push east as well. The areas between the Wanka-Province and the Chimor-Province are also incorporated into the empire. We send 5000 soliders to France/Spain for training in the early part of the ear, with another 10,000 arriving later in the year. The soliders sent to France are to train in the art of seafaring, as the Treaty of Chan Chan requires France to aid in the creation of the Inca Navy. The total size of the army hits 29,000.
 * Chiribaya Wamani:  The Inca occupation of Chiribaya ends as a new capital is formed. The Capital is named Chirbaya Qosqo, (Chiribaya Central) and is located in OTL Tacna. Population of the nation hits 67,000, which is still less than half of that before the wars with the Inca. The Army of Chiribaya Wamani is formed, replacing the old Chiribaya War Band. Economy improves. Chiribaya Qosqo is developed and the city of Castile is founded in OTl Monquegua.
 * Zapoteca: Zapotecan troops patrol captured Aztec territory. The Spanish aid is greatly appreciated. The Emperor continues financing Spanish settlers to come to the kingdom and marry into the population. Trade increases and continues with the Spanish. The Emperor expands roadways connecting cities in the alliance to help merchants and soldiers move freer between them. The military, which had been outdated for many years, continues to be upgraded. The economy booms with trade as a result of the roads. Naval technology is rapidly advanced under the Spanish. The Emperor orders more to be manufactured to bring in goods from the sea. Itzapam continues prospering under Zapotecan rule, improving their military. Itzapam expands 50 px along the Pacific Coast.
 * France: Military, navy and economy are built up. The colony continues expanding and growing by 750 sq km among both colonies The colonies continue growing as expected. The colony of Nouvelle Rouen continues to expand eastward by 750 sq km. The government decides to move on the Dutch reformists by allowing to remain on the French territory, however, putting some taxes for allowing them free passage in French land. However, the French government makes clear that their beliefs are with  Catholicism and that any attempt of violent expansion will be considered as an act of aggression and hence the Dutch-Wallon reformist may be persecuted. The vassalage of Bar ends. The colony in Kenya continues expanding by 500 sq km.
 * D.Burgundy: Military, economy and navy are built up.
 * C.Burgundy: Military, economy and navy are built up.
 * Bourbon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Lorraine: Military and economy are built up.
 * Saluzzo: Military and economy are built up.
 * Sardinia: Military and economy are built up.
 * Andorra: Military and economy are built up.
 * Africa: Military and economy are built up.
 * Aurienne: Military and economy are built up. The nation expands both west and east toward the colonies of the French.
 * Guaxirenne: The country expands southward and military and economy are built up.
 * Anjou: Military and economy are built up.
 * Vendome: Military and economy are built up.
 * Provence: Military, navy and economy are built up.
 * Alencon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Narbonne: Military, navy and economy are built up.
 * Avignon: Military and economy are built up.
 * French Mali: Military and economy are built up.
 * Savoie: Military and economy are built up.
 * Valois: Military and economy are built up.
 * Aragonese Dynasty is House habsburg, the Crowns of OTL Spain were united a long time ago and there is no dynasty to improve relations with other than my own -Feud
 * Damascan Sultanate: Sulimen, the acting regent sultan, sees much rallying to become an independent nation of the Ottoman Sultanate, wishing to become the Damascan Sultanate. Suleiman II now at the age of 17 begins training to become a regent sultan. Sulimen takes charge if the Damascan Regent in order to prove himself he can rule. He does exceedingly well with speeding the restoration of Damascus, and promoting much migration to the great city. We continue vassalizing Makuria (Ten of Thirteen) and Alodia (Ten of Thirteen). Damascus now numbers 262,000. Damascus has grown huge now, and continues to as it is now the  largest city in the Damascan Sultanate. The military is expanded. The government has not fallen as it has undergone change in leadership, a new location, and a new name, although has changed the titles, but not the heart. Antioch's population grows to 174,000. Sulimen requests the marriage to Asha, a Dutch-Bengali Princess. Sulimen II takes command of the Imperial forces in Anatolia, and begins aiding the rebels. We request a joint pact between the Tartary, Mansuriyya Sultanate (our closest ally), and ourselves in a division of land between the chaotic waste of Safavid Empire's remanents; in order to more hastily secure and organize the abundant amount of land.
 * Karamanian Sultanate (vassal of the Damascan Sultanate): One of the few vassal states out of the remnants of the once unified Anatolia which still supports the Damascan Sultanate, and plans to join them. Military is expanded. Aid is sent to the rebels, mainly around Ankara, where Romans are pushed out, and pro-independence seekers are thwarted.
 * Diyabakir (vassal of the Damascan Sultanate): A vassal which still somewhat supports the Damascan Sultanate, and has not led to rioting or chaos just yet, and recognizes Sulimen as the Sultan of the Damascan Sultanate. Military is expanded. Aid is sent to the rebels, mainly around Ankara, where Romans are pushed out, and pro-independence seekers are thwarted.
 * Ankara (vassal of the Damascan Sultanate): The region begins to rebel, although Janissaries are sent in and massacre any resistance. Turkish men, women, and children are killed. Anyone who supports independence is quarantined into zones throughout the region. They are later interrogated and "persuaded" to change their minds. Those of whom do live, those of whom don't die. Military is expanded, and soldiers from Ramazan and Karamanian Sultanate are sent in.
 * Burdur (vassal of the Damascan Sultanate): Burdur cedes from the Sultanate.
 * Mecca (annexed by the Damascan Sultanate): The region starts setting up the plans to full integrate into the Damascan Sultanate. Mecca is repaired with the damage that was suffered in the previous invasion. Infrastructure is expanded. Mecca fully annexs into the Damascan Sultanate.
 * Dutch Dip: The government agrees to let Asha of the Muslim part of the family marry to improve relations with the state.
 * Tartar Dip: The Tartary is glad to accept the division.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist, Neo-Confucian and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo and Ulsan.
 * China: The project to expand the Grand Canal continues. Simultaneously, the Emperor decides to conduct a census of his peoples. It is expected to be finished in ten years because China is HUGE. We announce support for the Fusahito Theocracy in their war against the other Daimyos. China builds up its defensive forces, especially the navy. All vassals expand their militaries. The projects to continue medical research continue; people are offered money sums if they volunteer to be exposed to various diseases, and then various cures.
 * Odawa_Map.png Mississippia, Mohe manages to convince the leaders of the Odawa tribe to join the Mississippia Confederation after a number of years of influence and vassalization. The new member of the Confederation quickly becomes a major center for fur-trapping and opens up tons of additional trade to the Mississippians. Conversion to Christianity is a new common thread amongst many middle-class Mississippians, and one of Mohe's closest advisors, Jean-Frances Desjardin, finally convinces the Chieftain to be baptised with the Christian name of Christophe. Along with this change, the Medicine Man School is changed into a monastery for missionaries and new monks. Christianity is spreading rapidly throughout the realm, and into other parts of Borealia. More and more French colonists pour into the nation, looking for furs and wealth that only Cahokia, the biggest city in the western hemisphere, can offer. The vassals of the Iroquois, Odawa, Etowah, Parkin, and Moundville all expand their borders as trade pushes them closer to Cahokia and European cultures.
 * Kingdom of Croatia: Croatia focuses primarily on its military. Trade routes are revived after the war and the salt mines around Tuzla are explored. Using irrigation from the Danube, Sava, Drava, Drina, Cetina, Una, Vrbaš, Kupa, Neretva and other rivers the fields in the kingdom are developed, used for crops such as wheat, rye and barley. With trade routes increasing and Croatia entering an era of peace and of stability, the development of new trade ships is issued. Both the Ban and the King begin supporting urbanization and the spread of free cities, much to the disagreement of the Sabor. The Brothers of the Raven continue spreading their influence in Croatia. Stone mining is furthered as well as the timber industry. The need for these resources rises as urbanization carries on. The young Božidar, son of the ban, is educated by the brothers of the Raven, specifically those located around the Lake Vrana. The boy is being convinced of his righteousness and is taught to adopt a chivalric personality. The navy, under command of the King, his Ban and the First Admiral is developed due to the purchase of Britannic ships which are inspected and introduced into the Royal War Navy of Croatia or HKRM (Hrvatska Kraljevska Ratna Mornarica)
 * Lombardy: Work continues on the Certosa di Pavia, the Castle Visconteo, and on the extensive Milan Cathedral. We continue training a proper standing army, utilizing Swiss mercenaries and local recruits. With border disputes now settled between the nations of Austria and Switzerland, we continue opening friendly relations with both nations in hopes of repairing our diplomatic relations and protecting our northern border. We continue constructing cogs and galleys to strengthen our navy and protect our interests on the seas. Our turn is dedicated to economy in both our nation and our vassals. Wallis is declared a vassal of our nation, and we continue influencing them.
 * County of Oldenburg: The OHG sends an exploratory mission for further chart and describe the Adelheid Sea (Hudson Bay) and surrounding areas. The expedition stops in at Jacqueline before sailing into the Adelheid Sea. The two ships follow the shore all the way around to the OTL Ontario-Manitoba border before turning back. On the return journey, one of the ships hits an iceberg and most of the men are lost. Despite the tragedy, the remaining ship returns to Jacqueline for the winter with maps, astronomical observations and descriptions of the landscape and wildlife. Jacqueline becomes more modern. The influx of settlers, combined with the abundance of fish, timber and furs, and the reasonable farms, has meant that many of the new settlers do not need to become farmers, but instead become townspeople. The skilled tradesmen amongst them -- the master builders, carpenters and masons -- have used their skills and tools to build houses in the German Fachwerkhaus style. The grandest are two stories tall. And not only houses; the small shops and workshops are also given better buildings, as well as the OHG's office and the Rathaus (which also houses the Lord and his family). Thus over the past three years, Jacqueline has changed aesthetically from a sullen mud-brick slum into a slightly less sullen timber-framed Dorf. Back in Oldenburg, the new highway has had a good effect on trade. An historian writes a book entitled Chronica Oldenburgorum, an "entirely bias-free" history of the county since the days of Christian V.
 * Prince-Bishopric of Osnabruck: Those dastardly students are at it again. This year a group of uncouth law students visit pub and get really really frunk and belligerent. When they are thrown out by the publican, they decide to set fire to the place. The fire soon spreads to the neighbouring shops, and although the flames are doused, the tempers of the owners are not. They mob the offenders and, taking the law into their own hands, they castrate them. The students of the university are outraged, and when the Church authorities decline to take actions against the shop owners, the students declare a strike. By midsummer, all of the students have left the university, and the vast majority have left Osnabruck altogether in search of other places of study. The town's population is at first jubilant. However, then the bills start coming in. It is at that point that the retailers of Osnabruck realise that they had become quite reliant on the annoying drunken students for their income.
 * Novgorod: We build up our economy buy trading with other Russian states. Our military continues to train troops. Also we expand 10 px north on the island. On the island of лесные участки more cities are being made. More ships are being built for trade and our navy. More land is being set up for farming. Mining is being used more to obtain coal for fuel. Whale hunting is popular sport. Whale oil is used for fueling the lanterns. The timber industry cuts down trees for fuel sources in homes. We start to farm more land. The fleet of 26 ships starts to map out the land and island-hop each of the islands. In each of our cities we start to modernize them to be like European cities. Novgorod.png
 * I let the Novaya Zemlya thing slide, but you colonising all those islands is completely and absolutely ridiculous. Those, and the mainlands, are all frozen wastelands that are so frozen over that you need modern-type icebreakers only to get to the southern edge. They were all discovered in the XX century because of how absolutely impossible it was to get there. Novaya Zemlya only had 30 inhabitants in history for a short period of Russian colonisation; Franz Joseph Lands and all those little colonial territories you've taken over has never been inhabited.
 * 'Netherlands: With the Sunda Revolt finally suppressed reorganization of Sunda begins which is put under the direct administration of Batavia and the company while the title of sultan of Sunda remains a ceremonial title for the noble family which is granted a monthly salary. More native units are raised. However, they are considered inferior to the Indian units recruited from India who have absolute loyaty to the company. Influencing over the southern states of Sumatra continue as well as over east Java who the Dutch start requesting greater trade rights over. The Indian ports grow in importance along the Dutch trade routes as the improve the flow of trade goods from India with the rest of the empire, and allow for products to enter the subcontinent easier. More Indian are recruited to serve in the East India forces. The Dutch offer Malacca a client state agreement which would place the sultanate under Dutch protection and allow the Dutch greater influence in the royal court. However, they would retain complete autonomy and control over their armed forces so long as they stay in line with Dutch Interests in the region.   An increase in naval activities in the region also begins as more ships become available in the area, with Batavia as the main port. Efforts to end piracy in the East Indies and solidify Netherlander naval supremacy in the region begins. The Muslim branch of the house of Nassau-Orleans continues to prove very important in the region as they secure loyalty to the royal family within the company. In Europe cultural, economic and scientific growth continues as the Netherlands enter their golden age. The Cities of Amsterdam and Brussels remain the largest cities of the lowlands and their influence over the rest of the lowlands is starting to be seen. Lowland French continues to develop along separate lines then southern French. Lowlands French continues to be important as both French and Dutch are spoken in the upper class and French is used for diplomatic ventures. The University of Brussels continues to flourish and the city itself is recognized as the most beautiful city in the Kingdom with only The Hague, Amsterdam and Namur rivaling it. The Palace of the Orient continues to be an important cultural centre in the city and the Mirza wing is built for the Mirza family to live in should they choose to. The House of Mirza continues to mingle with other European houses and one of the third generations of the house catches the eye of Willem II who begins trying to court her as a mistress. The girl in question, a 17-year old mixed blood named Rudy van Mirza, initially doesn't take to him much. However, his persistence eventually gets her into his bed. Willem continues to delegate more power to the States-General as he dedicates his time to the arts, sciences and other activities of the Upper class and nobility. The Dutch navy is nearly completely remodeled now with 75% of the fleet now with modern ships as the older ones are scutteled or sold to privateers and merchants. The military continues to expand. The States-General offer the Romans support should they decide to suppress the separatist groups. In the New World, the Guiana colony continues to grow as all settlements expand 20 pixels in total along the Amazon, New Rhine Rivers and along the coastline. The Netherlands offers Portugal a treaty establishing the borders between their respective colonies along the Amazon River. Dutch explorers continue to explore the New Rhine and Amazon Rivers charting the lands and waters of the interior. The settlements continue to grow and prosper as more land is set aside for farming and plantations and the cities along the coastline grow as trade grows in the region. Fighting against the natives in the interior intensifies as Dutch-Wallon colonists and explorers push the frontier and establish forts along them. More slaves are sold in the New World and to the Indian states particularly to Urdistan as demand increases. Benin continues to develop as an autonomous part of the Dutch African Empire and the first generation of European educated leaders arises.
 * Avelinia Dip: Offers to buy older Dutch ships.
 * The Dutch: Agree.
 * Hispania: The Spanish populace reaches about 13.8 million and growing thanks to the addition of the Aragonian populace and other growth. The economy, thanks to the aggressive colonialism, continues to expand immensely and the Spanish economy becomes the most powerful in Europe passing the French economy by leaps and bounds with the massive influx of gold, silver and jewels contributing heavily and its administration preventing heavy inflation of the Spanish economy. The armed forces continue their push to remain the most modern and begins to build a host of new ships to replace older ones which are sold to its vassals, trade companies and other territories of the Empire. The integration of Aragon into Castile and the formation of Spain is seen as relatively popular and the now majority Spanish population shows overwhelming support for their Queen. The Queen of Spain on the direction of an advisor incorporates the title of King of Italy as an integral part of Spain as well ruling over it in a personal union in which the monarch of Spain may rule as the King of Italy in a personal union but the title may not pass to any other than the Spanish monarch. Queen Alexis begins to push toward consolidation of new territories acquired and begins to increase troop amounts in Italy, Genoa and Savoy. Spanish general Alejandro Cortez writes a book on Spanish military history and with this writes a detailed doctrine describing the brilliant general Carlos's tactic of  line infantry. The general manages to get "Carolingian Infantry" a force of men five-to-seven ranks deep rotating to keep a continuous volley of fire on the enemy pushing its adoption by the Spanish Army. Phillip has a child named Alejandro now age 12. The Spanish continue to escort major trade convoys with warships to increase likelyhood of surviving. and investigation into the criminal underworld is undertaken to find out who hired these privateers. Alexis, finally seeing wisdom in creating a Spanish Parliament to prevent a foolish or insane monarch from ruining her accomplishments, creates the Parliament and enforces the first elections through landowners and influential traders who vote in the first Parliament led by Prime Minister Rodrigo Gonzales. Their first acts are to create a law system dealing with voting restricting it to the landed people and certain merchants but leaving it open to change with later amendments. The Parliament - also with authority of the queen - splits executive power between the Parliament and the monarchy. Finally, the Parliament creates the Colonial Administration Authority, which is a dedicated office to managing the colonies with offices in each colony and a budget dealing with expansion, maintenance and protection. The Colonial Administration authority seeing massive success in organizing the creation of a new colony in Borealias West Coast, and the West African campaign Parliament grants the CAA the ability to create the Colonial Military administration in order to keep tabs on colonies armed forces, garrisons and other protectorates armed forces as well. Hispania adopts the Italian Built Auditore Gun into its arsenal for its great penetration, huge shock effect, and ability to shoot longer than the Dutch gun, at the expense of weight, reload time, and the occasional explosive misfire. Alexis of Hispania falls ill and begins delegating more and more power to her Son Phillip and her Grandson Alejandro.
 * Kingdom of Italy:  Italy reaches its troops amount of 30,000 with it being armed and trained by Spanish troops in tactics. The Italian army is expanded moderately with some naval ships being purchased to replace losses. However, the Invulnerable Spanish army discourages any from speaking their mind and most deal with the relatively benevolent rule of the Spanish. The population of the Kingdom of Italy reaches about 13.3 million with growth falling short due to many men being killed in the war. The Italian navy reaches nearly 200 ships and growing. The people of Italy begin to see Spain as much more benevolent than before and are more than happy with Spanish rule. However, this also may have to do with the fact that many nobles have been replaced with Spaniards or loyal Italians who helped Spanish forces in the invasion. Some Hispanicized Italians (Italians who have adopted Spanish culture) are allowed to settle in the Spanish colonies. Some smaller towns and cities in coastal italy see the first real merging of Spanish and Italian culture. The Kingdom of Italy shows a new prominent gun maker known as Ferdinand Auditore, a man of Mixed Spanish and Italian descent. His musket, known as "The Devils Breath" or the Auditore Gun due to its massive signature ball of fire coming from the gun as it fires, is delivered as a prototype to the Monarch of Spain. This snaplock musket when tested outperformed the current Dutch weapon in many aspects, but was also a bit heavier, and some defects caused the weapon to explode near the end of the gun causing minor harm to the User.
 * Savoy: Savoy is stabilized. The Savoyan people accept their new overlords as the increased trade has left traders and many other with much more money than they had before. The economy, thanks to trade with Spain, expands moderately but much is spent rebuilding Savoy from the conflict. Savoy agrees to cede portions of territory to France due to the war and many people in Savoy are angered but powerless. The rulers of Savoy - realizing that inclusion into the Spanish empire is much better than being a target of it - manage to pacify the populace and begin to rebuild raising a small force of about 10,000 to handle security. The people of Savoy begin to work toward building up a trade fleet now at 120 ships.
 * Genoa: Now being free of Italy, but now a vassal of Spain, Genoa looks to rebuild its trade empire under the rising Spanish empire. The Genoan people and traders widely consider this to be a turning point with their people and begin to push for the mass acquisition of trade ships to rebuild their trade empire. Genoa begins to expand its military moving up to nearly 8000 troops with 5000 Spanish troops housed in Genoa. The Genoan people more than not show welcoming attitudes toward the Spanish as they have felt relatively oppressed by the Italians. However, some Genoans remain disenfranchized with the Spanish but the reputation of invincibility of the Spanish army makes any attempt at independence a far cry from possibility. These people more than not decide to find ways to live under the Spanish empire in a more prosperous way, by establishing multiple trade companies. These companies begin to be common throughout Spanish lands as the Genoans begin to build up a trade fleet of a sizable amount now at 100 ships.
 * Kingdom of Morocco: The country begins the construction of various canals and cultivates trees farther inland to help increase arable farmland. The Moroccan economy continues to expand with greater trade coming from Spain and the Canaries all the way down to Capo Verde increasing the relative wealth. The Kingdom, with many canals having been completed, has vastly expanded its farmland among other things. Morocco's total population 1.4 with Christianity becoming dominant in the area. The Moroccan Assassins Guild forms and spreads keeping the peace and killing the corrupt as well as making Morocco much more peaceful for Spain. The Moroccan navy increases to nearly 130 ships. Morocco's economy continues to boom as the major canal projects have turned some of Morocco's harshes areas into incredibly useful farmland and for the first time in recorded history the area is covered in green farmland, trees, and grasses.
 * Kongo: The Kingdom begins to work toward a trade and production economy focusing on helping provide resources for Castile's burgeoning West African trade network. The King of the Kongo converting to Christianity and being baptised begins to call for the expansion of ports to the best of the Kongolese architects' abilities. The Kingdom of the Kongo in an attempt to increase economic output and trade begins to export a large amount of raw materials to Castile and begins to push toward heavy exploitation methods. The Kongo unable to expand any farther up the river and with sizeable amounts of Territory lost to local inland tribes he abandons a large amount of territory with no intent in coming years to reclaim but maintains that the entirety of the river and its basin is under the jurisdiction and claim of the Kongo and its Hispanian monarchs.
 * Mapuche: The Mapuche people begin to see the first mixed children between Spanish and Mapuche people. The Spanish institute the Ecomienda system. However, the Spanish governor, in order to keep control of the people, orders the Spanish heads of the system to treat the natives fairly in order to prevent mass deaths from overworking and resentment. Spanish farming techniques have definitely prevented starvation as the Mapuche continue to expand toward the coast building a road to connect it all. The Spanish governor, also using the local Mapuche as scouts, is able to expand much more than the Buenos Aires colony and uses this to his advantage to secure more land to be able to turn over to Spanish settlers. The Royal Governor ramps up expansion for some of the new plantation owners setting up expanding the the territory by 2500 sq km.
 * Morelia: The former Mayan kingdom is renamed Morelia by the royal governor to reflect its new Spanish culture as thousands of settlers have settled in the major cities with the population reaching about 675,000 in total with a large amount of traders and people from across Europe reaching an insightful priest says that destroying the cities will result in long term resentment that could never be repaired and instead they should be made Spanish-Maya hybrid. The new Royal Governor seeing wisdom in this declares that the cities will not be ransacked and a moderate tribute of gold and silver is demanded by the Spanish. The 2000 troops remain in the country and begin to establish areas along the coast suitable for Spanish settlement. The military and economy of the Maya under Spain is developed and roads are upgraded to Spanish standards. The Spanish begin to sponsor settlers in Morelia to begin expanding on the continent down the coast. (2500 sq km). The Spanish troops are brought from all over the region equaling nearly 5000, with 1000 being regulars, 3000 being troops formerly used in the conflict, and another 1000 opportunist settlers looking to make more money are used against the Mayan revolters with great effect. The Spanish troops continue to push through and wipe out remaining rebels clearing out the highlands by the end of the year.
 * Aztecs: With full control of the Aztec now reverting to the Spanish the Spanish begin to implement their Ecomienda system from the Mapuche in the south to the Aztec areas to extract gold and silver. Along with this many of the remaining Aztec people become infected decreasing population further. The economy of the Aztecs becomes entirely reliant on the Spanish Empire and the military remains non-existent with areas being occupied by Zapotec and remaining Spanish forces. However, its garrison is made up of Spanish forces who are settling the territory. Almost 5000 Spaniards come to the Aztec nation. The royal governor is appointed and after conversation with Morelias governor decides eventually he will embark on a large expansion campaign up the Mexican area. The Aztecs expand by 2500 sq km. The Colonial authority sends a fleets of settlers north to the colony of San Francisco.
 * Kingdom of Venezia: With the establishment of the Kingdom of Venezia following the previous war and with the loss of a large portion of the fleet the Venezian people seem to believe that much can be rebuilt through utilization of the dynamically rising Spanish empire for its own benefit. The businessmen and high level economists, bankers and multiple other fully knowledgeable individuals of Venezia remaining after the war go on a trip to Spain's vibrant trade cities and after careful negotiations many of these men take over one of Spain's newest rising trade companies, the Buenos Aires trade company, with some offices based out of the Buenos Aires colony in Hesperia. The Venezians, unable to select a king from their remaining nobles, delegate to the Queen of Spain (Castile and Aragon) who chooses a man named Antonio Lo Grato to rule as Prince of Venice in place of the Queen of Spain. A well acclaimed and respected man, he immediately enacts reforms. The Venezian economy with access to the Spanish economy begins to recover and for the first time in years due to this. The Venezians begins its long road to naval recovery and begins to use its vast knowledge to begin building ships not only for itself but acquires the blueprints to improve on Spanish ships to allow for sale back to the Queen. The Venezian military is also raised to a token force of about 10,000 due to its location but remains lightly armed and unable to project power or fight any unsupported offensives. The Prince of Venezia, Antonio, begins the drift toward Spanish culture.
 * Viceroyalty of New Spain: The Viceroyalty of new Spain is established with a massive amount of coastal territory secured begins to expand its major settlements seriously with Buenos Aires maintaining the most with nearly 40,000 people and growing The colony proper reaches nearly 450,000 in population seeing large amounts of Colonial immigration now from both Spain and Hispanicized Italians. The Viceroy implements the first cattle ranches (they are not modern ranches) in order to expand the food supply of the large colony. The Spanish inhabitants of the colonies form their first militia under command of a Spanish officer which is trained only to fight off native attacks. The Colony specifically expands along its new highway area aiming to create a series of moderately sized internal cities for future settlement going north and south. as well as some internal expansion near Buenos Aires among other areas (70 px) The viceroyalty seems extremely happy with the colonial status and support it's received from Spain as well as the massive re-investment for the betterment of the colony giving a huge boost to the construction of a few forts and a road system. The first ships begin to arrive from Spain African colonies bringing goods and a few slaves. Ranching is taken up by men previously accustomed to this in Spain.
 * Cape Ferdinand: The Cape Ferdinand colony expands its population hoping to attract more settlers. The population of Cape Ferdinand reaches 35,000 colonists. The area itself begins to show up as a trade hub. Zulu Africans in the area begin being contacted with missionaries looking to speak to these people.
 * San Francisco: The new colony of San Francisco sees limited immigration but has become a sort of hub for Colonial adminstration fleets coming through the area to trade and explore as well as a staging point for those looking to sail to the Philippines hoping to reach them via the Pacific Ocean. The colony itself expands by 5 px. The colony's population reaches around 3000. expeditions are sent though into the interior and places such as the San Lorenzo Valley are discovered and claimed but remain unsettled.
 * Philippines: Spanish continue to establish majority control over the area through trade and other means. The Spanish then begin to send in a royal governor who makes plans to expand the island nation, and begins work on its economy and military to do so. Gold and silver from Spain is sent to facilitate buying materials to build up the area as the Philippines are garrisoned by mercenaries hired by Spain and nearly 300 of Spain's most well trained troops. The Philippines is built up as a massive trade and naval base and a fleet of Spanish ships sent from here make the first trip to Central Borealia with Spain becoming the first nation to connect a trade route along the entire planet.
 * Protectorate of Oyo:  From any of the disenfranchised troops are recruited who are more than happy to act as a military force over the people that once ruled them. The economy of the area is turned toward an extraction economy as the nobility in the area is replaced with Spaniards, some Italians and a few opportunistic African people. This leads to unusually harsh system of the Econmienda in the areas run by opportunists. The Colonial Military Administration under the Authority establishes a fiercely loyal force of nearly 10,000 troops who were downtrodden by the previous rulers or who were entirely oppressed and enslaved. The training of these troops is handled by Spanish officers who along with retinues of a few hundred troops give the troops drills in superior warfare. The census of the protectorate reveals a population of about three-to-five million but due to fluctuating numbers from all the European territories the numbers remain uncertain.
 * Chile: With the Incan protectorate conquering the Chiribaya peoples some small portion of territory is given to the Spanish who establish Chile run by Spanish traders and a small offshoot of the Incan Colonial administration office. The area's name gains its source from a Mapuche word meaning ends of the earth but is corrupted by the Spanish into the name "Chile" The small populace of the locals is evaluated and are immediately joined by a few hundred Spanish settlers who begin to establish some terraced farms and a small town. The area is militarily supported by the CMA located in the Inca and a force of about 1500 is used to maintain order in the area. The Chilean royal governor along with the Colonial authority begins to increase the economy of the area and is planning on a period of expansion coming up in the next few years. Chile begins its first year of expansion south heading 2500 sq km south to meet up with the Spaniards which used the Mapuche for their own expansion for Pacific ports.
 * East African Protectorates: With Madagasikara becoming fully under Hispania, Madagasikara and her vassals are consolidated under the Colonial Administration Authority as the East African protectorates. These nations remain fully semi-autonomous under their own governments and do not answer to Madagasikara, but to Hispania and her Colonial Administration Authority. The Colonial Authority makes it a major directive in the area to keep these states happy, and sends gifts of money to each of the protectorate states, and encourages the expanded trade of the local league to boost economy. The Protectorates each maintain about three-to-five separate small to moderately sized independent armed forces nearing a force of about 30,000 total between all the protectorates and are used for local peacekeeping, and promoting better relations between all the states. This military is also outfitted with older Spanish equipment and is trained in older but still effective tactics. With colonial Authority in place, and the Colonial Military Administration keeping the areas from devolving into a regional arms race between the protectorates the area is effectively administered as a singular entity under the Administration, with each state keeping its local culture, customs, and minor armed forces. The Colonial Military Administration does take extra care in keeping these forces loyal and small, having more to gain by serving with Spain rather than for nationalistic purposes. The Administration, however, knowing that overextension in the area may become an issue later draws up secret plans (in Spain so locals can't find out about them) to release these nations as friendly allied client/satellite states to prevent other further issues from arising in the area.
 * Re adding cause someone removed my post for some reason. can we please watch the formatting -Feud
 * Zapoteca: Zapotecan troops patrol captured Aztec territory. The Spanish aid is greatly appreciated. The Emperor continues financing Spanish settlers to come to the kingdom and marry into the population. Trade increases and continues with the Spanish. The Emperor expands roadways connecting cities in the alliance to help merchants and soldiers move freer between them. The military, which had been outdated for many years, continues to be upgraded. The economy booms with trade as a result of the roads. Naval technology is rapidly advanced under the Spanish. The Emperor orders more to be manufactured to bring in goods from the sea. Itzapam continues prospering under Zapotecan rule, improving their military. Zapoteca expands 50 px along the Pacific Coast.
 * Copy pasta I was asked by Cour. -Feud
 * Vorlayacor:  Northwest expansion, fueled by the burgeoning agricultural sector and particularly the banana, continues; about 15% of the gap between the Prongs is officially integrated into Vorlayacor.  New gunshops are opened across the nation and begin manufacturing snaphaunces to fuel the military's demand. Hatred against Spain has significantly declined, and Christians begin to act more openly regarding their beliefs. Northwestern settlers look to the tribes and towns of the Amazon as opportunities for trade and integration into the nation; an organization of merchants and farmers is created to facillitate the cultural exchange between Vorlayacor and the locals. The Tapuia ethnic group, many of whom have largely been integrated into the nation, make corn rather popular.
 * Empire of Urdustan:  فضل بچت (Bacata anugraha) continues to rebuild his acquired lands from the Third Treaty of Delhi, building Hindu mosques and Hindu cultural centers before the Islamic ones, so as to prevent overwhelming anger by the Hindus from seemingly favoring the Muslims. However, Islamic buildings and cultural centers are also being rebuilt at this time, but with less importance. Several Urdu merchants continue to sponsor gem mines in the Mogok area of Ava, due to the high concentration of gems such as rubies, sapphires, garnets and moonstones, and the first of many mines begin to return with more successes. Cash crops continue to be grown in large amounts. With our merchants traveling to Ava, Kamarumpa and Arakan regularly, Islam continues to grow in their areas. Financial loans continue to be given to Bahmani and Jaunpur. Merchants also travel exclusively to Multan, Sind, Ladakh, and Kangra. The construction of schools and universities several years ago has led to an increase in scholars and literacy in our nation. Construction of ships based upon Castilian designs, granted to us by them, continues, in order to further our efforts to explore and trade. New crops continue to enter into several plantations, opium and cannabis. With the increasing popularity of wood-block printing, works in Urdu/Hindi are created and stored in large amounts, in order to further cement the change in Urdustan. To continue the conversion of his Sultanate to an Empire, plans for statues and gardens are drawn up, to build a sort of cult of personality around the current emperor, and affirm to the people of Urdustan that he is the leader, and he is the law. Efforts to better the military continue with a mandatory rearming of the noble levies, with the Emperor offering to pay half the costs per noble, and with any noble refusing to do so, being met with increasingly less beneficial trade interaction by other nobles and foreign merchants. With the construction of monuments and gardens en masse, a greater need for cheap labor in the form of slaves arises, greater than what is being provided by European nations. For this reason, the Emperor plans to establish some sort of coastal enclave on Africa so as to gain many, many more slaves for his planned monuments. The current plan, is to establish an outpost that will continue to grow, somewhere near the small town of Obbia in the Somali region.
 * Rajya of Vijaynagar (Rājatantra kī Vijayanagara,وجینگر کے بادشاہت): Emperorer  فضل بچت  issues several written documents, scribed in Hindi and Urdu, and reprinted through woodblock printing, all across the Kingdom of Vijaynagara, in which he describes his relation to his father-in-law, his devotion to the people under his rule, and his attempts to make peace with this news, by separating the Empire and the Kingdom, mainly to preserve laws that people are used to, and work to integrate both over a long period of time to prevent any unwanted and unlawful unrest for the sake of the prosperity of both Empire and Kingdom, and the strength of India. The first act, as monarch of Vijaynagara, taken by the Emperor, is to host a funeral in honor of his father-in-law, then a nationwide celebration in his honor, in order to show that his blood is their blood. His next act is to converge the titles of nobility, so that they are not held "Under Vijaynagar" and "Under Urdustan", but rather "Under Hindistan/Urdustan", dependant upon the religious and linguistic ties of said nobility. This is to do nothing more than help organize the armed forces, organize property rights across both nations, and a symbolic gesture of unity through nobility.
 * Rajya of Orissa (Uṛīsā kē rājya, اڑیسہ کی بادشاہی): Kalua Deva continues to listen to his advisers and bring about several reforms to his nation that make it more Islamic friendly, one of which is new, and calls for the creation of one mosque for each Hindu temple in the name of tolerance, when in reality, his advisers have prescribed this to bring about larger Islamic influence. Training of levies by Bengali advisors continues.
 * Swargadeo of Kamarupa (Grēṭara asama kē rājya, گریٹر آسام کی بادشاہی): Now vassalized by Bengal, the Swargadeo of Ahom continues to receive extensive help in creating viable farmland. They do this by continuing a process of land reclamation in the northern part of the state, which is largely marshy and thinly populated. This process of reclamation begins by using dikes, embankments and irrigation systems. The land reclamation, having been going on for decades, is extremely successful in creating viable farmland for rice, grain and other staple crops, increasing Kamarupa's population and their yearly trade output. Training of levies by Bengali advisors continues.
 * L'nu Empire Yaldan, the weak and ineffectual former Emperor, dies. His dynamic son, Rabtan, ascends to the throne. Following some years of population growth resulting for. European crops, the population stands at 75,000. Rabtan continues expansion inland along the rivers, into rich fur bearing territory (3000 km). The military also begins expansion, to about 2000.
 * Aksimiki also expands, but northeast, farther onto the island.
 * Lombardy: Work continues on the Certosa di Pavia, the Castle Visconteo, and on the extensive Milan Cathedral. We continue training a proper standing army, utilizing Swiss mercenaries and local recruits. With border disputes now settled between the nations of Austria and Switzerland, we continue opening friendly relations with both nations in hopes of repairing our diplomatic relations and protecting our northern border. We continue constructing cogs and galleys to strengthen our navy and protect our interests on the seas. Our turn is dedicated to economy in both our nation and our vassals. Wallis is declared a vassal of our nation, and we continue influencing them. We ask the nation of Switzerland for a renewed alliance.
 * Mod Response: Granted.
 * Roman Empire: The year is bad for the Empire, yet Theodore III takes control of the situation and does what he can to defend the integrity of the Empire. Egypt, its canal, and the valuable resources it provides are put first, and Theodore III is able to convince the other nobles that Anatolia can wait. A Roman army of 30,000 along with the Romans' Dutch allies and their 15,000 men are sent to link up with the 10,000 troops already there and the roughly 40,000 troops still loyal to the Egyptian King. The forces travel from Alexandria along the Nile, rooting out and utterly slaughtering Muslim rebels along the way. At last the army reaches Cairo, the great capital of Islam in Egypt. The city decides to surrender rather than face the wrath of the well-trained Romans. In gratitude, Theodore III and his generals allow the Muslim community there to live in peace on the condition of loyalty to Rome and the Empire. The rebels in southern Egypt are hunted down by the Roman's Indian allies and utterly crushed. In other theaters, the Roman army swings around to break any threat to the Canal. Striking from Cairo, the Egyptian nobles are defeated and the canal is restored. In Judea, most rebels are defeated by the well-trained troops stationed there along with Christian militas and extra troops from Phoenicia. Given the amount of aid I have recieved, I would like to know if I need an algo for this revolt, since I am usually very terrible with algos and don't understand how they work. If I do need one, let me know and I will modify this post accordingly. The hard arm of the law is brought down in Egypt, with many Muslims executed for daring to rebel against the state and the power of the nobles broken. Egypt is annexed as an Archonate into the Empire in order to better monitor the situation there. The Romans station two armies of 10,000 each throughout the land along with militias and levies loyal to the Egyptian King. Religious tolerance in the land is still maintained thanks to the agreement of Theodore III in not persecutting the Copts, and the Coptic Pope having signed the Union of the Churches makes that promise even more ironbound. Troops are levied to take back Anatolia and to not stop until much land has been regained. With loval levies and militias holding the line for now, the troops are trained and drilled in the newest tactics by their Dutch allies, namely volley fire and revolving ranks. To compensate for the expense of the wars, colonization is put on hold for now, but the Empire insists that its claims are still valid and will be enforced as needed.
 * Albania: Military is improved.
 * Ragusa: Navy continues to improve. With most of the navy fighting in either Anatolia or Egypt, some Ragusan ships take up the slack in fighting pirates.
 * Serbia: The military continues to improve as the country continues to recover from decades of Hungarian occupation.
 * Banche Esterno-thingy: The infrastructure of the region is improved and the military garrison builds a few outposts in the territory.
 * Roanoke: With the war in Egypt demanding most of the Empire's attention, expansion in the region halts for the time being. Despite this, negotiations with the Powhatan Confederacy continues. To help with the war effort, cash crops begin to be grown, namely cotton, and sold for the good of the Empire's finances.
 * Romanian Dip: We offer to send 20,000 Legionarries to fight the Anatolian rebels, in exchange for the two Roman trade ports in Somaliland.
 * Roman Diplomacy: Done.
 * Malacca: Continues to influence Brunei (15 OF 20)  military turn. The Malaysian snaphaunces are now the primary weapon of the Malay military
 * The Consulate of Romania: Constantius, now 60, and his brother, Radu, now 59, resume growing the economy and making the military stronger. Trade flourishes across Romania. A second large Cannon Foundry is constructed by a rising weapons firm, known as the Constanta fabrică de Tun. The cannons produced and developed at the factory begin to make the company quite rich and powerful. The company begins to develop a new form of cannons, the Culverini. The new guns are tested on a Sunbeci, and prove to be exceptionally accurate for naval guns. However, the large Culverini are too heavy for the smaller Sunbeci. More work must be done to refine the cannons, but they are developing well. A redesigned Culverini, the Demi-Culverini is tested on a Sunbeci. The test is extremely positive as the redesigned cannons are smaller and much more portable than the full size Culverini. The Sunbeci continue to be developed, the craft is tested and exceeds expectations. The navy requests funding to pay for a fleet of 50 to be built over the next few decades, the project is rescheduled to finish in 1576 due to the war in Anatolia. Each ship will displace 200 tons, and carry 40 cannons of varying length and caliber. More disputes occur in the senate. There is much distrust in the Senate, a majority of the senators hold Mircea in contempt as the young man acts with spoiled impunity. Aside from the politicking of the capital much work is put into strengthening bonds with Transylvania, and thousands of Romanians travel to the new province. Hungarians are asked to leave Transylvania, their cost of passage to be paid in part by Romania. At the same time many Romanians, still within Hungary, and fearing persecution, flee to the safely of Romania. Pressure from Catholics in Transylvania begins to mount, as religious diversity leads to some conflict. Romania begins to exert political pressure on Kiev, (Year 13 of 15) while also providing them with aid after the devastating war. Vladimir, now 33, continues to learn the art of ruling. His sister Lilliana, now 25, continues to search for a suitable husband. Mircea now a young man of 20 begins learning alongside his cousin. Sophia, now 5, continues to her development.
 * The Consulate of Bulgaria: Thousands of Romanians move into the country, seeking cheap and productive land. Meanwhile inter-marriage becomes very common. Bulgarians also begin to migrating to trade towns in Romania to seek more economic opportunities. The economy is improved and times are good.
 * Romanian Somaliland : A trade mission is launched to contact the nations within the Indian Ocean. :D
 * The  Tartary' s eastwards expansion contnues, as does to the north, where land from the border connecnts with the mouth of the Yenisey river. In the east, diplomacy with the new discovered lands begins. The Mangut Nivkhgu are offered a protection pact and an alliance with a high-ranking Buddhist noble in the Eastern Tartary (mod dip required). The Tatar rulers remind the Nivkhs that they have no intention of encroaching upon their lands, wish for closer relations, and the Mastoravic faith approves of marriages with other religions. Buddhist influence, as well as Tengriist one, begins migrating into the Mastorava. Reincarnation becomes a belief some people begin to heavily like, as do some of the teachings of the Buddha. The economy and military are improved, centred in the borders with other nations. Heavy fortification occurs in the borders with China, Iran, and Novgorod, but also in the heartland of the nation. The economy is also developed, with a record harvest ocurring. Ine-Fedor-osh, Qazan, Obran-Osh, Obram, the Sarais, Yoshkar-Ola, Naryanmar'an, and many other cities throughout the nation grow quite rapidy. The debate on polygamy continues in the naition amongst Mastoravic clergy. Princess Anna turns ten; Prince Paul turns nine; Aygöl and Virtän turn eight. The relations with France, Spain and India begin to develop, with interest on more trading with wealthy India and Hesperia rapidly increasing.
 * Perm continues economic development. The population rapidly grows as more people come froM the Komi territories of Novgorod. Komi continues being settled and developed. There is now a huge amount of Komi literary works around, including religious and secular books alike. The population grows very wealthy from trade posts across the Middle East and Eastern Europe
 * Bukhara continues to develop its economy. The population also develops, especially the Turkic Uzbeks in the countryside. Many cities populated by Uzbeks continue to grow. Interest in Khiva and Hyrcania continues to develop. Mastoravism grows rapidly in the nation.
 * Azov develops its military. However, the economy also grows because of a great harvest. The city of Özu-Cale grows extremely quickly, becoming the primary port to the Tarary. Tatars continue to become the primary ethnic group in the population.
 * Volhynia continues integration with the rest of the Tartary. The population quickly develops, as people fleeing the rest of the Tartary come there. Mastoravism grows very rapidly in the nation. The military and economy are developed.
 * Mansurryian Sultanate-Safavid Empire Union:: The Mosque Model, the nationwide construction of mosques, is finally finished.  With the Mosque's Models completion, there is a surge of support for Sunni Islam and thus many of theEmpire's people are Sunnis. Another positive thing emerges from the completion of the Mosque Model as well, such as an infrastructure boom. Under the Mosque Model, the mosques become the centers of new towns (being the centers of new towns, they are also the centers of art, education, science, and culture and thus new towns emerged organicly. With the new towns emerging, roads were also constructed between these towns, which finally connected to Tabriz. As a result of the infrastructure boom, there is also an economic boom as well as a result of the thriving of internal trade. With all this accumulation of positve things, (surges of support for Sunni Islam, infrastructure, economic, cultural, and science booms) there is ultimately a surge of support for the Sultan, and thus a Grand Parade is held in the center of Tabriz and Baghdad. As successful as the Mosque Model is, however, Shia Zealots take up arms and manage to take over more decentralized areas, and thus we agree to the joint pact between us, the Damascan Sultanate, and the Tatary. With this agreement we request the first Turkic-Arabic Partition in Baghdad to discuss the division of land of the Safavid (since we are un able to control such large of a territory) and other issues in the Middle East, such as the Anti-Roman revolts. We hope that this pact will help mutual prospiraty in the Middle East. Meanwhile, domestic plans are discussed in the Grand Council after the Meeting.''


 * Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: After looking over recent pieces of legislature that was signed in the most recent years, such as the Reforms of Golden Liberty, the General Sejm has suggested to the King’s Privy Council the idea of an interim ruler if the power of a monarch has been removed due to the Reforms of Golden Liberty. King Józef Szczuka endorsed the idea and has suggested back to the General Sejm a new political position known as the Interrex. The position of the Interrex will be voted in by the General Sejm and will not have any political power unless the King’s power has been temporarily suspended, the King is at war and has not appointed any of his family members or friends to temporarily rule while away, or is conducting a diplomatic meeting in another country. Senators of the General Sejm have voted for the proposal and has elected the first Interrex of Poland, Albin Mockus, Józef Szczuka’s in-law brother. Upon other matters, King Józef Szczuka inspects several border positions of the main army and is intrigued upon the discipline and equipment of the average soldier but is wary of the small amount of different ranks there is to organize the average troop formation. The same was seen with the militias that is mainly organized by their lord. King Józef suggests to the Sejm a new ranking system in order to organize smaller formations as well as new ways to organize large quantities of troops. High ranking generals within the War Ministry begin to approve of this strategy and has suggested several new ranks among standard non-commissioned troops. These new ranks have been soon been created and named (Lowest – Highest): Szeregowy, Starszy szeregowy, Kapral, Starszy kapral, Plutonowy, Sierżant, and Starszy sierżant. The new ranks have not yet been applied to the Imperial Land Forces as of yet until troop formations and other officer ranks have been created to organize the army. Our embargo on Bavaria ends and waits for the Bavarians to do the same and stay true to their latest statements. Economic development continues.
 * Austrian Diplomacy: We ask the nation of Poland for a renewed non-aggression pact to ensure the mutual security of our two nations and to ensure that conflict be resolved in the future.
 * Commonwealth Diplomacy: We accept the non-aggression pact.
 * Grand Duchy of Bavaria: Bavaria expands its economy. The population continues to rise. Grand Duchess Catherine and her council continues to allow the training of new troops. Several markets are constructed in Landshut as well as trade houses for Austrian and Castilian traders. In Austria, several new ships begin being constructed, with twenty-five very large cogs being finished. We begin using an established trade route, with important stops in the trade route include Rome, Athens, Constantinople, Gibraltar, and the coasts of Brittany, due to a longstanding trade deal. Continuing in 1560, Catherine commissions six cogs to sail around western Mediterranean coasts. The market center in Landshut continues to attract Bavarian and Venetian traders. In religious news, around 76% of the country adheres to the Western Church. Most adherents live around Munchen and Landshut. In other news, Bavaria continues implementing the Alliance and Merchant Act as well as the Militia and Navy Act. The Bavarian Court continues hosting a largely Venetian composition. However, many Bavarian families have intermingled with the Venetians, creating a distinct social class and gentry. In national news, the common courts continue to be implemented around Bavaria as several of the lower class make use of it. The serf laws begin to be used as well. Skeptics who theorized that the serf laws would mark no profound change in society begin to be proven wrong. In 1560, as many as five hundred serfs sue for their freedom. Catherine begins to seriously ponder a law that would fully abolish serfdom, seeing how it has more or less deteriorated in Bavaria. The wild unpopularity of these laws begin to wear off as well. Catherine further incorporates the Collegiate Writs, allowing many more lower class men to enter college. In legal news, Catherine continues implementing the Bavarian commands. In political news, the Curia Bavaria continue to implement the Bavarian Commands and Collegiate Writs into a codified, national law. Catherine is pleased by this development, and becomes less wary of the Parliament. Work on the Parliamentary House continues in the city of Landshut. In other news, Prince Albert will be betrothed to Princess Ingrid of Scandinavia in approximately thirteen years. In Polish news, Grand Duchess Catherine ends the embargo on Poland. Now, Polish merchants in Bavaria will be taxed heavily and only able to operate in certain areas. Grand Duchess Catherine has made this decision in knowledge that the Poles are totally unwilling and in-co-operative to any sort of compromise or negotiation. Furthermore, Catherine views the Polish inability to strike a decent deal, and the Prussian theatrical insults, as petty. The Grand Duchess explains that once the embargo wears off by 1560, Bavaria will have no part in eastern pettiness. In other news, Bavaria petitions the Scandinavian, British and Hispanic Empires for renewed alliances and trade deals. In dynastic news, the betrothal of Princess Ingrid of Scandinavia and Prince Albert still stands. Catherine gives birth to a boy this year, whom she names Leopold.
 * Munchen: By 1560, the total class of Queen Isabell University amounts to about 5100 men. Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The Collegiate Writs begin to draw more men to college.
 * Straubing: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Ingolstadt: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burgau: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Nurnburg: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burggrafschaft: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Bamberg: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Wurzburg: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Thuringia: Troops authorized by Catherine and Count Regent Adalbert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Countess Elisabeth normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion.
 * Saxony: Troops authorized by Catherine and Count Regent Adalbert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Countess Elisabeth normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion.
 * Bremen Port: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Several cogs are constructed, and plans are drafted to construct many larger ships.
 * Austria: This turn in both our nation and the nations of Bohemia, Moravia, Luxembourg, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia, Lusatia, Salzburg, Augsburg, Swabia,  Elsaß-Lothringen, Mainz, Palatinate, and our colonial territories and possessions is dedicated to military. We train and expand our military using new experience from recent wars, and grow our nation economically. In Morocco our position in Melilla is fortified. All fortifications around the region are rebuilt and manned by stationed guards in case of an attack. To protect Melilla the construction of a fortress outside the city is considered, although postponed for now. The port of Melilla is rebuilt to begin operation as a trade port and military outpost. Construction continues on a shipyard in the Melilla port to facilitate the construction and repair of friendly ships. Melilla is granted a permanent naval garrison in the city’s port, to respond to dangers in the area and to support the small garrison on land who mans the fortifications. Our position in Morocco is fortified by re-inforcements, bringing Melilla operational against attacks. For now a small fleet is stationed in its harbor, while its garrison continues to hold the north and its supply lines, supporting our Christian brethren. With much of the Muslim population of Melilla left dead after the war against Morocco, the local government attempts to entice settlers by offering large quantities of land to Christian settlers. Many Europeans, particularly of German descent and/or from central Europe begin settling the area around Melilla. With finances from Augsburg-based banking establishments, the Trieste Company continues to launch expeditions to West Africa. Abrechtburg has grown to a decently sized settlement, supporting a population of farmers, traders and a small garrison of soldiers. The town also houses a well furbished fort, armed with a small amount of cannons intended to defend the settlement and the harbor from any attack. Built out of necessity, the port at Abrechtburg is refurbished and expanded to support more trade ships, and allied countries are welcomed to trade and stay in the town. The second largest settlement in Westenland, Dominusburg, follows suit, finishing the construction of a port similar to Abrechtburg‘s. Trade posts continue to be built and exploited, now numbering several dozen along the coast of Westenland and into allied territory. Our reliance on the Wolof becomes less so, but we sign a trade agreement with their nation to continue our positive relationship. Deals are made with the Wolof for slaves and other goods. Conversion of the natives begin around the settlement. Several ships begin construction in Trieste, Melilla, Corfu, and other ports, to further facilitate and protect overseas trade. Trade is increased with the Grand Duchy of Bavaria and other trade partners, bringing about new avenues of trade and commerce. Expeditions to the New World continue to increase trade with Spanish possessions, establishing a trade route between Westenland and colonies in the Yucatan. Trade posts in the Caribbean are expanded and grow as they become more frequently visited. A trade agreement is signed with the local Nacotchtank people, who we begin to trade goods with. Work also begins on a settlement on Vultsburg, it being the hub of Austrian trade in the south Imperial Sea. The settlement continues to grow and with the construction of a fort complete, the first settlers begin moving to the island. Schlossburg, and the area around it, expands. Settlers explore areas along the large river in the area, which they name the Ehrbar River (OTL Potomac). The Ehrbar settlements begin expanding northwards. A more permanent trade post is established in Schlossburg, with fortifications being complete. The town of Schlossburg is declared the center of the territory of Reichland, which continues to expand.
 * Austria: This turn in both our nation and the nations of Bohemia, Moravia, Luxembourg, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia, Lusatia, Salzburg, Augsburg, Swabia,  Elsaß-Lothringen, Mainz, Palatinate, and our colonial territories and possessions is dedicated to military. We train and expand our military using new experience from recent wars, and grow our nation economically. In Morocco our position in Melilla is fortified. All fortifications around the region are rebuilt and manned by stationed guards in case of an attack. To protect Melilla the construction of a fortress outside the city is considered, although postponed for now. The port of Melilla is rebuilt to begin operation as a trade port and military outpost. Construction continues on a shipyard in the Melilla port to facilitate the construction and repair of friendly ships. Melilla is granted a permanent naval garrison in the city’s port, to respond to dangers in the area and to support the small garrison on land who mans the fortifications. Our position in Morocco is fortified by re-inforcements, bringing Melilla operational against attacks. For now a small fleet is stationed in its harbor, while its garrison continues to hold the north and its supply lines, supporting our Christian brethren. With much of the Muslim population of Melilla left dead after the war against Morocco, the local government attempts to entice settlers by offering large quantities of land to Christian settlers. Many Europeans, particularly of German descent and/or from central Europe begin settling the area around Melilla. With finances from Augsburg-based banking establishments, the Trieste Company continues to launch expeditions to West Africa. Abrechtburg has grown to a decently sized settlement, supporting a population of farmers, traders and a small garrison of soldiers. The town also houses a well furbished fort, armed with a small amount of cannons intended to defend the settlement and the harbor from any attack. Built out of necessity, the port at Abrechtburg is refurbished and expanded to support more trade ships, and allied countries are welcomed to trade and stay in the town. The second largest settlement in Westenland, Dominusburg, follows suit, finishing the construction of a port similar to Abrechtburg‘s. Trade posts continue to be built and exploited, now numbering several dozen along the coast of Westenland and into allied territory. Our reliance on the Wolof becomes less so, but we sign a trade agreement with their nation to continue our positive relationship. Deals are made with the Wolof for slaves and other goods. Conversion of the natives begin around the settlement. Several ships begin construction in Trieste, Melilla, Corfu, and other ports, to further facilitate and protect overseas trade. Trade is increased with the Grand Duchy of Bavaria and other trade partners, bringing about new avenues of trade and commerce. Expeditions to the New World continue to increase trade with Spanish possessions, establishing a trade route between Westenland and colonies in the Yucatan. Trade posts in the Caribbean are expanded and grow as they become more frequently visited. A trade agreement is signed with the local Nacotchtank people, who we begin to trade goods with. Work also begins on a settlement on Vultsburg, it being the hub of Austrian trade in the south Imperial Sea. The settlement continues to grow and with the construction of a fort complete, the first settlers begin moving to the island. Schlossburg, and the area around it, expands. Settlers explore areas along the large river in the area, which they name the Ehrbar River (OTL Potomac). The Ehrbar settlements begin expanding northwards. A more permanent trade post is established in Schlossburg, with fortifications being complete. The town of Schlossburg is declared the center of the territory of Reichland, which continues to expand.

1561
'''The Iroquois Confederacy, which had previously banded together to resist Mississippi influence in the east decades earlier, again denounces all Mississippi claims to their lands. Alliance offers are sent to neighboring tribes, such as the Susquehanna and Erie, as well as to tribes to the east. Local Algonquian peoples, however, reject any offers, refusing to band with their enemies since the Cahokian Empire seems to not pose as much as a threat as it once had. (Scores undoubled for Iroquois: Military: 6, Economy: 3, Infrastructure: 3)'''

'''In Vijayanagara, a local noble named Tirumala Rama Raya of the Aravidu Dynasty leads a coup against the government in an attempt to install his family as rulers of the nation. Government officials loyal to Urdustan are overthrown by an army of Hindu zealots loyal to the cause of an independent Hindu state, as well as soldiers loyal to the Aravidu and other families in the area. The independent Vijayanagara Empire is established, and begins a campaign to combat any Urdustani invasion that should follow (Scores undoubled: Military: 10, Economy: 5, Infrastructure: 3).'''

'''Recent attempts by the Damascan Sultanate to ally with the Mansuriyya Sultanate cause relations with the Safavids to deteriorate. Mansuriyya, which had been under the influence of the Persians, falls into disorder when its current leader is assassinated and the Safavids attempt to install a member of their family as sultan. A Safavid army invades to ensure that Mansuriyya becomes officially under their influence (Scores undoubled: Military: 10, Economy: 5, Infrastructure: 3). '''

'''Following the death of Alexis of Spain, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain resigns as king, placing his first son Philip as King of Spain. Charles retires to a monastery in Yuste in Extremadura, living in solitude. '''

'''Prussian settlements in Florida are devastated by a hurricane which kills the majority of settlers in the south and sinks the majority of ships trading in the area. The remaining settlers elect to abandon the remaining settlements, temporarily stalling further expansion in the area. Cuba is also damaged by the severe storms, causing the loss of several shipments of gold heading east to Europe. '''

'''The citizens of Nuremberg, Bavaria report what appears to be an aerial battle over the city, followed by the appearance of large black triangular objects that crash outside the city. The unidentified flying objects above the city are later described in local news notices which speculate on the strange nature of the event, possibly attributing it as some sort of omen. '''


 * An Oman Flag_of_Oman_(1970-1995).svg?
 * You didn't know about the flying Omans of 1561? :P I went ahead and changed it to so that it makes sense.


 * Hamburg-Mecklenburg: Neu Braunschweig expands 20 px. Williamsburg expands 20 px farther, and Neu Lüneburg expands 20 px southeast. Neu Hamburg also expands 20 px. Neu Hamburg is hit with heavy rain from the outer edges of the hurricane that struck Neu Pommern, but little damage is sustained. Later, during a mapping voyage, the damage to the Prussian colony is discovered, Prussia is offered assistance in repairing the damage. The Friedrich Inseln continue to see growth in their facilities as trade through them increases. Back home, the military and economy are improved. The Navy grows by about ten ships this year, as shipbuilding prioritizes the merchant fleets.
 * County of Holstein: Military and economy expanded.
 * Duchy of Stade: Military and economy expanded.
 * Prince-Archbishopric of Münster: Infrastructure expanded.
 * Ostland (al-Sumal): Military and economy expanded. The nation expands 20 px north towards Puntland.


 * Portugal: Continues a notable buildup in military strength and allows for a vigorous training program on the existing military forces attempting to train them up heavily. Meanwhile, the administration continues to be reformed, and agriculture and commerce are encouraged. Meanwhile, Portugal continues to develop its navy. Meanwhile, the colony in Lenhame continues exporting wheat to Portugal. Meanwhile, trade intensifies in the African coast. The Açores continue to be settled. Meanwhile, the naus continue being used. Naval explorations directed to the west continue. Meanwhile, Santa Cruz expands north by 2500 sq km. Meanwhile, sugarcane continues to be planted in Santa Cruz. Meanwhile, pau-brasil (brazilwood) starts to be extracted in the colony. Meanwhile, the colony of São Sebastião expands 2500 sq km.
 * Marrikuwuyanga Empire: The wheat surplus had steadily increased which had allowed the Marrikuwuyanga to increase their population. The Marrikuwuyanga continued their trade with the Dutch East India Company after the Supreme Council of Twelve had allowed the Dutch to create a trade outpost [1 px] at West Timor. The Marrikuwuyangan economy was steadily growing after the shock it had faced when the Ayutthaya faced rebellion. The Marrikuwuyangan economy was the strongest in the region and hundreds of men from other tribal states would migrate to Marrikuwuyanga annually to live in better conditions. The Marrikuwuyanga now produced muskets in large number, although training in using spears was still provided. The development of a cannon brought a new era for the Marrikuwuyangans who had never seen such a decisive weapon. The navy is developed. Smallpox had finally come to an end and the people returned to their normal lives. The construction of a university had started with the aid of the Dutch. Meanwhile, contact was made with the natives of all the Lower Sunda Islands and attempts were made to subjugate the tribes by spreading Marrikuwuyangan influence. Anti-Gulalin sentiment continued to increase as many questioned whether the man they worshipped as a god was the vessel of Emperor Yada Gulpilil's soul or not. Attempts to revolt had, however, largely failed due to the strong grip the Emperor had on the state but mostly because no one had the will to revolt especially after the devastating disease. The population reaches 400 k with 220 k present at Timor and 180 k at mainland Australia.
 * Timor: The extensive work on developing Timor's navy and military had proved beneficial after the Dutch had started providing the Marrikuwuyanga with their warships for the Marrikuwuyanga to examine and build. The Marrikuwuyangan Emperor, Yada Gulpilil was worshipped by many natives and his power continued to increase over the tribes of Timor. Development of Timor's infrastructure had started with the aid of Dutch, and the construction of a major port for the Dutch to utilize, too, had started. With merchants and now clergy arriving to Timor from the Mataram Sultanate, Islam started to spread among the natives. One of the member of the Supreme Council of Eight who himself had converted to Islam made sure the Emperor was not informed of the spread of the Abrahamic religion.
 * Mudbarra: Eco and mil improve. Men were recruited from villages to be trained on how to use firearms. Approximately 4500 men are equipped with firearms and are trained and the population reaches 45,000.
 * Gurindji: Eco and mil improve. Men were recruited from villages to be trained on how to use firearms. Approximately 4500 men are equipped with firearms and the population reaches 45,000.
 * Marrikuwuyanga - Netherlands Diplomacy: The Dutch East Indies Company are requested to supply the Marrikuwuyanga military with much more modern firearms and warships. They are also requested to help train the military and also import rice to the Marrikuwuyanga as the Ayutthaya once did.
 * Prussia and their vassals temporarily cease expansion of the military, as all resources are poured into repairing the damage caused by the hurricane on Neu Pommern.
 * Damascan Sultanate: Sulimen, the official Sultan of the Damascan Sultanate sends support to the Safavids, to fight them, and to Anatolia to help the rebels and convince them to join back into the sultanate. Suleiman II now at the age of 18 begins training to become a regent sultan. Sulimen takes charge if the Damascan Regent in order to prove himself he can rule. He does exceedingly well with speeding the restoration of Damascus, and promoting much migration to the great city. We continue vassalizing Makuria (Eleven of Thirteen) and Alodia (Eleven of Thirteen). Damascus now numbers 263,000. Damascus has grown huge now, and continues to as it is now the  largest city in the Damascan Sultanate. The military is expanded. The government has not fallen as it has undergone change in leadership, a new location, and a new name, although has changed the titles, but not the heart. Antioch's population grows to 175,000. Sulieman II requests the marriage to Shana, a Dutch-Bengali Princess. Sulimen II takes command of the Imperial forces in Anatolia, and begins aiding the rebels. We delcare war on the Safavid Empire for killings Turks, attacking the Mansuriyya Sultanate, and assassinating their Sultan. We call on the forces of Tartary, Mansuriyya and Bengali.
 * Karamanian Sultanate (vassal of the Damascan Sultanate): One of the few vassal states out of the remnants of the once unified Anatolia which still supports the Damascan Sultanate, and plans to join them. Military is expanded. Aid is sent to the rebels, mainly around Ankara, where Romans are pushed out, and pro-independence seekers are thwarted.
 * Diyabakir (vassal of the Damascan Sultanate): A vassal which still somewhat supports the Damascan Sultanate, and has not led to rioting or chaos just yet, and recognizes Sulimen as the Sultan of the Damascan Sultanate. Military is expanded. Aid is sent to the rebels, mainly around Ankara, where Romans are pushed out, and pro-independence seekers are thwarted.
 * Ankara (vassal of the Damascan Sultanate): The region begins to rebel, although Janissaries are sent in and massacre any resistance. Turkish men, women and children are killed. Anyone who supports independence is quarantined into zones throughout the region. They are later interrogated and "persuaded" to change their minds. Those of whom do live, those of whom don't die. Military is expanded, and soldiers from Ramazan and Karamanian Sultanate are sent in.
 * Urdustani (اردو زمین کی سلطنت, Urdū bhūmi kā sāmrājya) Diplomacy: Emperor فضل بچت (Bacata anugraha) declares his support for our brothers in other lands, and pledge to send soldiers in the defense of their principles and honor.
 * Trier: We dedicate this turn to economy, as do Jülich, Zweibrücken and our vassals. The states around us are influenced, including Berg. Trade routes are established, opening trade among Hesse, Cologne and Austria and her vassals. To improve infrastructure we begin building several defenses, and roads to link towns across the nation. Fortifications around our capital are improved and updated. The University of Trier is expanded.
 * |onte: Continues to have a large surplus of grains and rice. Though adopting "western farming", the idea of "the tribe" is still very much so alive, as people always share the crops they have grown, or the animals they have hunted amongst the community. Due to the policy of planting tree groves, desert reclamation has started taking serious effect in some parts of |onte. This year has resulted in fifty elephants being killed. The new expansion to the elephant pen is completed. |onte's population rises to over 149,000. There is a population centre that is beginning to appear around the mouth of the Kunene, and is simply referred to as Kunene. Mon IV continues his expansion north 150 sq km (3 pixels) with the newly equipped Eheresito hu Kunene. Mon III continues combining the many narratives heard into one coherent story, called the Sahaka, and takes on the project of Mon II. Mon V brings books from |onte to !Xoonte as a gift, and a few gifts of ivory hoping to improve relations with their King, and spread |on culture. Mon V teaches the King and many surrounding people how to read and speak literary |on. Mon V also asks the King of !Xoonte for an alliance, referring to him as a Rikisi of !Xoonte. (mod response) Mon VI's continues training recruits, with the help of his grandfather for the Ehersito hu Suida. Mon VI buys more of the snaphaunces to equip the new elite corps.
 * Mod Response: They accept.
 * Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: Further organization methods are being made by high ranking generals in the War Ministry with the help of other experienced politicians in the General Sejm. New officer ranks have been created as well as new formations. This new command hierarchy allows the allocation of a more efficient organized land forces to face the enemies of Poland. The new ranks that have been created are (Lowest – Highest): Podporucznik, Porucznik, Kapitan, Major, Podpułkownik, Pułkownik, Generał brygady, Generał dywizji, Generał broni and Generał. As well as the new formations, a Platoon which is usually made up of 50 - 64 troops and is commanded by a Podporucznik, a Company which is formed up of 100 - 225 troops and is commanded by a Porucznik, Kapitan or Major, a battalion is made up of 600 - 1300 troops and is commanded by a Podpułkownik, Pułkownik, followed by a regiment which is made up of 3000 - 5000 troops and is commanded by a Generał Brygady, then ended by a division which is made up 10,000 - 15,000 and is commanded by a Generał dywizji. These formations are all then ruled by a generał. We are still waiting for the Bavarians to stay to their word and lift their embargo. Our leaders are assured that Austria will stick true to their non-aggression pact. Economic development continues.
 * France: Military, navy and economy are built up. The colony continues expanding and growing by 750 sq km among both colonies The colonies continue growing as expected. The colony of Nouvelle Rouen continues to expand eastward by 750 sq km. The government decides to move on the Dutch reformists by allowing to remain on the French territory, however, putting some taxes for allowing them free passage in French land. However, the French government makes clear that their beliefs are with  Catholicism and that any attempt of violent expansion will be considered as an act of aggression and hence the Dutch-Wallon reformist may be persecuted. The vassalage of Bar ends. The colony in Kenya continues expanding by 500 sq km.
 * D. Burgundy: Military, economy and navy are built up.
 * C. Burgundy: Military, economy and navy are built up.
 * Bourbon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Lorraine: Military and economy are built up.
 * Saluzzo: Military and economy are built up.
 * Sardinia: Military and economy are built up.
 * Andorra:  Military and economy are built up.
 * Africa:  Military and economy are built up, the King of Africa dies, and the King of France, Louis XI, is crowned king of Africa as well.
 * Aurienne:  Military and economy are built up. The nation expands both west and east toward the colonies of the French.
 * Guaxirenne:  The country expands southward and military and economy are built up.
 * Anjou:  Military and economy are built up.
 * Vendome:  Military and economy are built up.
 * Provence:  Military, navy and economy are built up.
 * Alencon:  Military and economy are built up.
 * Narbonne:  Military, navy and economy are built up.
 * Avignon:  Military and economy are built up.
 * French Mali:  Military and economy are built up.
 * Savoie:  Military and economy are built up.
 * Valois:  Military and economy are built up.
 * Bar: Military and economy are built up


 * The Tartary decides that the continuing existence of a Mansuriyya union that keeps the Safavids centred in the Arab world is beneficial to its continuation. It declares war on the Safavid Empire in support of the Damascans, with whom a treaty was signed, as well as the Mansuriyya, with whom it is close in trade. Julian, for his tenth birthday, is given a leather-covered version of the fanciful adventures of an eastern madman, Qishat Khan al-Mansia. as well as beautifully illustrated copies of the Mastorava, the Bible and the Qur'an. This will begin to fuel Julian's love for culture and literature. The population develops, even in war, as the war is easily fought and does not hurt the Tatar mainland.
 * Bukhara stays out of the war, although sends thousands of troops to the border in case of needing to invade. The economy and military are developed.
 * Azov develops its military, as does Chernihiv. Perm and Bajkal develop their economies.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist, Neo-Confucian and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo and Ulsan.
 * China: The project to expand the Grand Canal continues. Simultaneously, the Emperor decides to conduct a census of his peoples. It is expected to be finished in ten years because China is HUGE. We announce support for the Fusahito Theocracy in their war against the other Daimyos. China builds up its defensive forces, especially the navy. All vassals expand their militaries. The projects to continue medical research continue; people are offered money sums if they volunteer to be exposed to various diseases, and then various cures.
 * Hispania: The Spanish populace reaches about 13.8 million and growing thanks to the addition of the Aragonian populace and other growth. The economy, thanks to the aggressive colonialism, continues to expand immensely and the Spanish economy becomes the most powerful in Europe passing the French economy by leaps and bounds with the massive influx of gold, silver and jewels contributing heavily and its administration preventing heavy inflation of the Spanish economy. The armed forces continue their push to remain the most modern and begins to build a host of new ships to replace older ones which are sold to its vassals, trade companies and other territories of the Empire. The integration of Aragon into Castile and the formation of Spain is seen as relatively popular and the now majority Spanish population shows overwhelming support for their Queen. The Queen of Spain on the direction of an advisor incorporates the title of King of Italy as an integral part of Spain as well ruling over it in a personal union in which the monarch of Spain may rule as the King of Italy in a personal union but the title may not pass to any other than the Spanish monarch. Queen Alexis begins to push toward consolidation of new territories acquired and begins to increase troop amounts in Italy, Genoa and Savoy. Spanish general Alejandro Cortez writes a book on Spanish military history and with this writes a detailed doctrine describing the brilliant general Carlos's tactic of  line infantry. The general manages to get "Carolingian Infantry" a force of men five-to-seven ranks deep rotating to keep a continuous volley of fire on the enemy pushing its adoption by the Spanish Army. Phillip has a child named Alejandro now age 12. The Spanish continue to escort major trade convoys with warships to increase likelyhood of surviving. and investigation into the criminal underworld is undertaken to find out who hired these privateers. Alexis, finally seeing wisdom in creating a Spanish Parliament to prevent a foolish or insane monarch from ruining her accomplishments, creates the Parliament and enforces the first elections through landowners and influential traders who vote in the first Parliament led by Prime Minister Rodrigo Gonzales. Their first acts are to create a law system dealing with voting restricting it to the landed people and certain merchants but leaving it open to change with later amendments. The Parliament - also with authority of the queen - splits executive power between the Parliament and the monarchy. Finally, the Parliament creates the Colonial Administration Authority, which is a dedicated office to managing the colonies with offices in each colony and a budget dealing with expansion, maintenance and protection. The Colonial Administration authority seeing massive success in organizing the creation of a new colony in Borealias West Coast, and the West African campaign Parliament grants the CAA the ability to create the Colonial Military administration in order to keep tabs on colonies armed forces, garrisons and other protectorates armed forces as well. Hispania adopts the Italian Built Auditore Gun into its arsenal for its great penetration, huge shock effect, and ability to shoot longer than the Dutch gun, at the expense of weight, reload time, and the occasional explosive misfire. With Alexis dead and Phillip now Emperor of Hispania, he more publicly reveals his closely monitored and secretly kept family life revealing not only just his heir in his 20's, Alejandro, an extremely competent and effective administrator, but nearly five other children, three girls and more boys Alexis (age 5) Juanita (age 8) Carolos (Age 12) Marcos (Age 15) and Elizabeta (Age 19). Alejandro and Elizabeta are offered up for royal marriages.
 * Kingdom of Italy:  Italy reaches its troops amount of 30,000 with it being armed and trained by Spanish troops in tactics. The Italian army is expanded moderately with some naval ships being purchased to replace losses. However, the Invulnerable Spanish army discourages any from speaking their mind and most deal with the relatively benevolent rule of the Spanish. The population of the Kingdom of Italy reaches about 13.3 million with growth falling short due to many men being killed in the war. The Italian navy reaches nearly 200 ships and growing. The people of Italy begin to see Spain as much more benevolent than before and are more than happy with Spanish rule. However, this also may have to do with the fact that many nobles have been replaced with Spaniards or loyal Italians who helped Spanish forces in the invasion. Some Hispanicized Italians (Italians who have adopted Spanish culture) are allowed to settle in the Spanish colonies. Some smaller towns and cities in coastal italy see the first real merging of Spanish and Italian culture. The Kingdom of Italy shows a new prominent gun maker known as Ferdinand Auditore, a man of Mixed Spanish and Italian descent. His musket, known as "The Devils Breath" or the Auditore Gun due to its massive signature ball of fire coming from the gun as it fires, is delivered as a prototype to the monarch of Spain. This snaplock musket when tested outperformed the current Dutch weapon in many aspects, but was also a bit heavier, and some defects caused the weapon to explode near the end of the gun causing minor harm to the User.
 * Savoy: Savoy is stabilized. The Savoyan people accept their new overlords as the increased trade has left traders and many other with much more money than they had before. The economy, thanks to trade with Spain, expands moderately but much is spent rebuilding Savoy from the conflict. Savoy agrees to cede portions of territory to France due to the war and many people in Savoy are angered but powerless. The rulers of Savoy - realizing that inclusion into the Spanish empire is much better than being a target of it - manage to pacify the populace and begin to rebuild raising a small force of about 10,000 to handle security. The people of Savoy begin to work toward building up a trade fleet now at 120 ships.
 * Genoa: Now being free of Italy, but now a vassal of Spain, Genoa looks to rebuild its trade empire under the rising Spanish empire. The Genoan people and traders widely consider this to be a turning point with their people and begin to push for the mass acquisition of trade ships to rebuild their trade empire. Genoa begins to expand its military moving up to nearly 8000 troops with 5000 Spanish troops housed in Genoa. The Genoan people more than not show welcoming attitudes toward the Spanish as they have felt relatively oppressed by the Italians. However, some Genoans remain disenfranchized with the Spanish but the reputation of invincibility of the Spanish army makes any attempt at independence a far cry from possibility. These people more than not decide to find ways to live under the Spanish empire in a more prosperous way, by establishing multiple trade companies. These companies begin to be common throughout Spanish lands as the Genoans begin to build up a trade fleet of a sizable amount now at 100 ships.
 * Kingdom of Morocco: The country begins the construction of various canals and cultivates trees farther inland to help increase arable farmland. The Moroccan economy continues to expand with greater trade coming from Spain and the Canaries all the way down to Capo Verde increasing the relative wealth. The Kingdom, with many canals having been completed, has vastly expanded its farmland among other things. Morocco's total population is 1.4 million with Christianity becoming dominant in the area. The Moroccan Assassins Guild forms and spreads keeping the peace and killing the corrupt as well as making Morocco much more peaceful for Spain. The Moroccan navy increases to nearly 130 ships. Morocco's economy continues to boom as the major canal projects have turned some of Morocco's harshes areas into incredibly useful farmland and for the first time in recorded history the area is covered in green farmland, trees, and grasses.
 * Kongo: The Kingdom begins to work toward a trade and production economy focusing on helping provide resources for Castile's burgeoning West African trade network. The King of the Kongo converting to Christianity and being baptised begins to call for the expansion of ports to the best of the Kongolese architects' abilities. The Kingdom of the Kongo in an attempt to increase economic output and trade begins to export a large amount of raw materials to Castile and begins to push toward heavy exploitation methods. The Kongo, unable to expand any farther up the river and with sizeable amounts of territory lost to local inland tribes, abandons a large amount of territory with no intent in coming years to reclaim but maintains that the entirety of the river and its basin is under the jurisdiction and claim of the Kongo and its Hispanian monarchs.
 * Mapuche: The Mapuche people begin to see the first mixed children between Spanish and Mapuche people. The Spanish institute the Ecomienda system. However, the Spanish governor, in order to keep control of the people, orders the Spanish heads of the system to treat the natives fairly in order to prevent mass deaths from overworking and resentment. Spanish farming techniques have definitely prevented starvation as the Mapuche continue to expand toward the coast building a road to connect it all. The Spanish governor, also using the local Mapuche as scouts, is able to expand much more than the Buenos Aires colony and uses this to his advantage to secure more land to be able to turn over to Spanish settlers. The Royal Governor ramps up expansion for some of the new plantation owners setting up expanding the the territory by 2500 sq km.
 * Morelia: The former Mayan kingdom is renamed Morelia by the royal governor to reflect its new Spanish culture as thousands of settlers have settled in the major cities with the population reaching about 675,000 in total with a large amount of traders and people from across Europe reaching an insightful priest says that destroying the cities will result in long term resentment that could never be repaired and instead they should be made Spanish-Maya hybrid. The new Royal Governor seeing wisdom in this declares that the cities will not be ransacked and a moderate tribute of gold and silver is demanded by the Spanish. The 2000 troops remain in the country and begin to establish areas along the coast suitable for Spanish settlement. The military and economy of the Maya under Spain is developed and roads are upgraded to Spanish standards. The Spanish begin to sponsor settlers in Morelia to begin expanding on the continent down the coast. (2500 sq km). The Spanish troops are brought from all over the region equaling nearly 5000, with 1000 being regulars, 3000 being troops formerly used in the conflict, and another 1000 opportunist settlers looking to make more money are used against the Mayan revolters with great effect. The Spanish troops continue to push through and wipe out remaining rebels clearing out the highlands by the end of the year.
 * Aztecs: With full control of the Aztec now reverting to the Spanish the Spanish begin to implement their Ecomienda system from the Mapuche in the south to the Aztec areas to extract gold and silver. Along with this many of the remaining Aztec people become infected decreasing population further. The economy of the Aztecs becomes entirely reliant on the Spanish Empire and the military remains non-existent with areas being occupied by Zapotec and remaining Spanish forces. However, its garrison is made up of Spanish forces who are settling the territory. Almost 5000 Spaniards come to the Aztec nation. The royal governor is appointed and after conversation with Morelias governor decides eventually he will embark on a large expansion campaign up the Mexican area. The Aztecs expand by 2500 sq km. The Colonial authority sends a fleets of settlers north to the colony of San Francisco.
 * Kingdom of Venezia: With the establishment of the Kingdom of Venezia following the previous war and with the loss of a large portion of the fleet the Venezian people seem to believe that much can be rebuilt through utilization of the dynamically rising Spanish empire for its own benefit. The businessmen and high level economists, bankers and multiple other fully knowledgeable individuals of Venezia remaining after the war go on a trip to Spain's vibrant trade cities and after careful negotiations many of these men take over one of Spain's newest rising trade companies, the Buenos Aires trade company, with some offices based out of the Buenos Aires colony in Hesperia. The Venezians, unable to select a king from their remaining nobles, delegate to the Queen of Spain (Castile and Aragon) who chooses a man named Antonio Lo Grato to rule as Prince of Venice in place of the Queen of Spain. A well acclaimed and respected man, he immediately enacts reforms. The Venezian economy with access to the Spanish economy begins to recover and for the first time in years due to this. The Venezians begins its long road to naval recovery and begins to use its vast knowledge to begin building ships not only for itself but acquires the blueprints to improve on Spanish ships to allow for sale back to the Queen. The Venezian military is also raised to a token force of about 10,000 due to its location but remains lightly armed and unable to project power or fight any unsupported offensives. The Prince of Venezia, Antonio, begins the drift toward Spanish culture.
 * Viceroyalty of New Spain: The Viceroyalty of new Spain is established with a massive amount of coastal territory secured begins to expand its major settlements seriously with Buenos Aires maintaining the most with nearly 40,000 people and growing The colony proper reaches nearly 450,000 in population seeing large amounts of Colonial immigration now from both Spain and Hispanicized Italians. The Viceroy implements the first cattle ranches (they are not modern ranches) in order to expand the food supply of the large colony. The Spanish inhabitants of the colonies form their first militia under command of a Spanish officer which is trained only to fight off native attacks. The Colony specifically expands along its new highway area aiming to create a series of moderately sized internal cities for future settlement going north and south. (50 px) while the colonies explorer have rounded the Straits of Torez and are expanding up the other side of the Patagonian coast now (20 px). The viceroyalty seems extremely happy with the colonial status and support it's received from Spain as well as the massive re-investment for the betterment of the colony giving a huge boost to the construction of a few forts and a road system. The first ships begin to arrive from Spain African colonies bringing goods and a few slaves. Ranching is taken up by men previously accustomed to this in Spain. A colonial militia made up of nearly 3000 colonists and another 200 Spanish troops embarks on another attack on Natives in the Uruguay area coincidentally finding nearly 100 natives themselves engaged in conflict with others. These natives are revealed to be Converts to christianity and are helped and brought back to the Colony to show the good the Spanish missionaries are doing.
 * Cape Ferdinand: The Cape Ferdinand colony expands its population hoping to attract more settlers. The population of Cape Ferdinand reaches 35,000 colonists. The area itself begins to show up as a trade hub. Zulu Africans in the area begin being contacted with missionaries looking to speak to these people.
 * San Francisco: The new colony of San Francisco sees limited immigration but has become a sort of hub for Colonial adminstration fleets coming through the area to trade and explore as well as a staging point for those looking to sail to the Philippines hoping to reach them via the Pacific Ocean. The colony itself expands by 5 px. The colony's population reaches around 3000. expeditions are sent though into the interior and places such as the San Lorenzo Valley are discovered and claimed but remain unsettled.
 * Philippines: Spanish continue to establish majority control over the area through trade and other means. The Spanish then begin to send in a royal governor who makes plans to expand the island nation, and begins work on its economy and military to do so. Gold and silver from Spain is sent to facilitate buying materials to build up the area as the Philippines are garrisoned by mercenaries hired by Spain and nearly 300 of Spain's most well trained troops. The Philippines is built up as a massive trade and naval base and a fleet of Spanish ships sent from here make the first trip to Central Borealia with Spain becoming the first nation to connect a trade route along the entire planet.
 * Protectorate of Oyo:  From any of the disenfranchised troops are recruited who are more than happy to act as a military force over the people that once ruled them. The economy of the area is turned toward an extraction economy as the nobility in the area is replaced with Spaniards, some Italians and a few opportunistic African people. This leads to unusually harsh system of the Econmienda in the areas run by opportunists. The Colonial Military Administration under the Authority establishes a fiercely loyal force of nearly 10,000 troops who were downtrodden by the previous rulers or who were entirely oppressed and enslaved. The training of these troops is handled by Spanish officers who along with retinues of a few hundred troops give the troops drills in superior warfare. The census of the protectorate reveals a population of about three-to-five million but due to fluctuating numbers from all the European territories the numbers remain uncertain.
 * Chile: With the Incan protectorate conquering the Chiribaya peoples some small portion of territory is given to the Spanish who establish Chile run by Spanish traders and a small offshoot of the Incan Colonial administration office. The area's name gains its source from a Mapuche word meaning ends of the earth but is corrupted by the Spanish into the name "Chile" The small populace of the locals is evaluated and are immediately joined by a few hundred Spanish settlers who begin to establish some terraced farms and a small town. The area is militarily supported by the CMA located in the Inca and a force of about 1500 is used to maintain order in the area. The Chilean royal governor along with the Colonial authority begins to increase the economy of the area and is planning on a period of expansion coming up in the next few years. Chile begins its first year of expansion south heading 2500 sq km south to meet up with the Spaniards which used the Mapuche for their own expansion for Pacific ports.
 * East African Protectorates: With Madagasikara becoming fully under Hispania, Madagasikara and her vassals are consolidated under the Colonial Administration Authority as the East African protectorates. These nations remain fully semi-autonomous under their own governments and do not answer to Madagasikara, but to Hispania and her Colonial Administration Authority. The Colonial Authority makes it a major directive in the area to keep these states happy, and sends gifts of money to each of the protectorate states, and encourages the expanded trade of the local league to boost economy. The Protectorates each maintain about three-to-five separate small to moderately sized independent armed forces nearing a force of about 30,000 total between all the protectorates and are used for local peacekeeping, and promoting better relations between all the states. This military is also outfitted with older Spanish equipment and is trained in older but still effective tactics. With colonial Authority in place, and the Colonial Military Administration keeping the areas from devolving into a regional arms race between the protectorates the area is effectively administered as a singular entity under the Administration, with each state keeping its local culture, customs, and minor armed forces. The Colonial Military Administration does take extra care in keeping these forces loyal and small, having more to gain by serving with Spain rather than for nationalistic purposes. The Administration, however, knowing that overextension in the area may become an issue later draws up secret plans (in Spain so locals can't find out about them) to release these nations as friendly allied client/satellite states to prevent other further issues from arising in the area.
 * Bavarian Dip: The hand of thirteen year old Prince Wilhelm has been offered for marriage with Elizabeta. Furthermore, while she is still young at only ten years of age, Princess Amelia may be a suitable match for Alejandro once she matures further in the coming years.
 * Hispanian Dip: We Agree to Both and also accept previosu trade deal and alliance
 * Kingdom of Croatia: Croatia focuses primarily on its economy. Trade routes are strengthened after and the salt mines around Tuzla are explored as well as the salt industry in Pag and Nin. Using irrigation from the Danube, Sava, Drava, Drina, Cetina, Una, Vrbaš, Kupa, Neretva and other rivers the fields in the kingdom are developed, used for crops such as wheat, rye and barley. With trade routes increasing and Croatia entering an era of peace and of stability, the development of new trade ships is issued. Both the Ban and the King begin supporting urbanization and the spread of free cities, much to the disagreement of the Sabor. The Brothers of the Raven continue spreading their influence in Croatia. Stone mining is furthered as well as the timber industry. The need for these resources rises as urbanization carries on. The navy, under command of the King, his Ban and the First Admiral is developed due to the purchase of Britannic ships which are inspected and introduced into the Royal War Navy of Croatia or HKRM (Hrvatska Kraljevska Ratna Mornarica). The King, seeing that his daughter is frail and regularly ill, sends her to the Brothers of the Raven near the Lake Vrana, who are known for their care of the sick. There she is regularly visited by the son of Ban Nelipić, the young Božidar. The King, wishing to strengthen the loyalty of the Croats, supports the renaissance artists in Croatia, hoping to drive out any Hungarian stains on the the beautiful Croatian culture. Focusing mostly on the Dalmatian dialect, the King hopes to unify his people through a standardized language.
 * County of Oldenburg: The military is built up at home and abroad. Military attaches are sent to Britannia to learn of the latest technologies and tactics. Neu Norderney does not expand, although the modernisation of the capital Jacqueline continues, with port facilities (wooden wharfs) being constructed. A little Festungchen is planned to be constructed in Jacqueline, primarily to protect it from other European powers, but also from the natives.
 * Prince-Bishopric of Osnabruck: The Osnabrucker economy begins to feel the pinch of the student strike. Many taverns have to shut up shop, because without the students and their penchant for ale, they simply don't make enough money. Quite a few townsfolk move to the country to try their luck on farms. Many of the university Masters, having no students to teach, leave as well.
 * Malaccan Sultanate: Continues influencing Brunei (16 of 20). Trade with Europeans boosts up our economy. Relations with the Dutch and other members of the UIN improve.
 * Zayyanid Algiers: The military, especially in the navy, grows. Ships based off of western designs from their neighbors are used to begin construction of their own. Christianity becomes increasingly popular among the common public. The nation asks for an alliance with the Damascan Sultanate.
 * Novgorod: We build up our economy buy trading with other Russian states. Our military continues to train troops. Also we expand 10 px north on the island. On the island of лесные участки more cities are being made. More ships are being built for trade and our navy. More land is being set up for farming. Mining is being used more to obtain coal for fuel. Whale hunting is popular sport. Whale oil is used for fueling the lanterns. The timber industry cuts down trees for fuel sources in homes. We start to farm more land. In each of our cities we start to modernize them to be like European cities. We send many explorers to Asia and Europe to trade with the different nations.
 * L'nu Empire As Rabtan continues to increase the power of the military, it expands, to about 3000. All can fight with modern pike and shot tactics. The navy, although small, is also expanded. Meanwhile, the nation expands 3000 km inland, into Naskapi territory. Ungava expands south along the coast, about 1000 km.
 * Aksimiki expands 1000 km south.
 * L'nu Dip:An alliance is offered to the Iroquois Confederacy. Mod Response Needed
 * Vorlayacor:  Farmers in the northwest continue to grow increasing quantities of corn and bananas, fueling growth in the area. Another 15% of the unclaimed territory between the prongs is formally integrated into Vorlayacor. On the more urbanized coast, production of doraks (caravals) continues; these new ships will be used for both trade and defense. The military now uses the snaphaunce as its primary weapon.
 * Tawatinsuyu: Economy improves. The Inca government begins to quash the National's attacks against the Empire. Roughly 7% of the Inca population supports the nationals, with another 60% supporting the government. The remaining 30% are neutral. Population across the empire hits 928,000. Chimu remains the largest city in the empire (115,000) with Qusqo coming in second (80,000), followed by Peru (26,000), Machu Picchu (24,000) and Sican (15,000). Chimu and Sican remain isolated culturally when compared with the rest of the empire. The Inca begin to push east as well. The areas between the Wanka-Province and the Chimor-Province are also incorporated into the empire. We send 5000 soliders to France/Spain for training in the early part of the ear, with another 10,000 arriving later in the year. The soliders sent to France are to train in the art of seafaring, as the Treaty of Chan Chan requires France to aid in the creation of the Inca Navy. The total size of the army hits 29,000.
 * Chiribaya Wamani:  The Inca occupation of Chiribaya ends as a new capital is formed. The Capital is named Chirbaya Qosqo, (Chiribaya Central) and is located in OTL Tacna. Population of the nation hits 73,000, which is still less than half of that before the wars with the Inca. The Army of Chiribaya Wamani is formed, replacing the old Chiribaya War Band. Military improves. Chiribaya Qosqo is developed and the city of Castile is founded in OTl Monquegua.
 * Empire of Urdustan:  فضل بچت (Bacata anugraha) continues to rebuild his acquired lands from the Third Treaty of Delhi, building Hindu mosques and Hindu cultural centers before the Islamic ones, so as to prevent overwhelming anger by the Hindus from seemingly favoring the Muslims. However, Islamic buildings and cultural centers are also being rebuilt at this time, but with less importance. Several Urdu merchants continue to sponsor gem mines in the Mogok area of Ava, due to the high concentration of gems such as rubies, sapphires, garnets and moonstones, and the first of many mines begin to return with more successes. Cash crops continue to be grown in large amounts. With our merchants traveling to Ava, Kamarumpa and Arakan regularly, Islam continues to grow in their areas. Financial loans continue to be given to Bahmani and Jaunpur. Merchants also travel exclusively to Multan, Sind, Ladakh, and Kangra. The construction of schools and universities several years ago has led to an increase in scholars and literacy in our nation. Construction of ships based upon Castilian designs, granted to us by them, continues, in order to further our efforts to explore and trade. New crops continue to enter into several plantations, opium and cannabis. With the increasing popularity of wood-block printing, works in Urdu/Hindi are created and stored in large amounts, in order to further cement the change in Urdustan. To continue the conversion of his Sultanate to an Empire, plans for statues and gardens are drawn up, to build a sort of cult of personality around the current emperor, and affirm to the people of Urdustan that he is the leader, and he is the law. Efforts to better the military continue with a mandatory rearming of the noble levies, with the Emperor offering to pay half the costs per noble, and with any noble refusing to do so, being met with increasingly less beneficial trade interaction by other nobles and foreign merchants. The construction of monuments and the plans for a colony are halted due to the actions of the Vijaynagara rebels.
 * Rajya of Orissa (Uṛīsā kē rājya, اڑیسہ کی بادشاہی): Kalua Deva continues to listen to his advisers and bring about several reforms to his nation that make it more Islamic friendly, one of which is new, and calls for the creation of one mosque for each Hindu temple in the name of tolerance, when in reality, his advisers have prescribed this to bring about larger Islamic influence. Training of levies by Bengali advisors continues.
 * Swargadeo of Kamarupa (Grēṭara asama kē rājya, گریٹر آسام کی بادشاہی): Now vassalized by Bengal, the Swargadeo of Ahom continues to receive extensive help in creating viable farmland. They do this by continuing a process of land reclamation in the northern part of the state, which is largely marshy and thinly populated. This process of reclamation begins by using dikes, embankments and irrigation systems. The land reclamation, having been going on for decades, is extremely successful in creating viable farmland for rice, grain and other staple crops, increasing Kamarupa's population and their yearly trade output. Training of levies by Bengali advisors continues.
 * Urdustani  (اردو زمین کی سلطنت, Urdū bhūmi kā sāmrājya) Diplomacy (Needs mod response): We ask the rebellous royal family that has taken over Vijaynagara in the span of less than a year, Tirumala Rama Raya of the Aravidu Dynasty, if he would forsake war and conflict in the name of peace, unity, brotherhood, and prosperity, by integrating his royal family into that of the Urdustani Emperor's, thereby allowing him control over Vijaynagara as monarch, still closely tied to Urdustan, as a Personal Union with Dual monarchs, to allow for Vijaynagara to have a ruler of their own religion, more autonymity (Dear goodness, how is that spelt?), and to preserve the peace and Unity of India that existed before this rebellous streak occured in the Hindu zealots of Vijaynagara.
 * In Mississippia, Christophe continues to oversee the transition of the confederation from the SECC to Christianity. Hundreds of French missionaries enter the nation, arriving at major cities like Cahokia, Parkin, Etowah, and Moundville. Construction of a new city at the location of OTL Detroit is underway. Jean-Frances Desjardin convinces Christophe of the need for a major roadway system, and construction of this pathway begins, inspiring creation of newer mound cities along the major trails. Many medicine men become Christian, and are educated in modern medicine. More European colonists and trappers arrive in the nation. The vassals of the Iroquois, Odawa, Etowah, Parkin, and Moundville all expand their borders as trade pushes them closer to Cahokia and European cultures. The Moundville engage in a small series of wars with the Floridian Seminole people, and begin to gain the advantage in that region. All of the Mississippian cultures are finally under one confederation at the end of this year.
 * ​Rex asked me to post this for him. - Eip the Eagle
 * 'Netherlands: With the Sunda Revolt finally suppressed reorganization of Sunda begins which is put under the direct administration of Batavia and the company while the title of sultan of Sunda remains a ceremonial title for the noble family which is granted a monthly salary. More native units are raised. However, they are considered inferior to the Indian units recruited from India who have absolute loyaty to the company. Influencing over the southern states of Sumatra continue as well as over east Java who the Dutch start requesting greater trade rights over. The Indian ports grow in importance along the Dutch trade routes as the improve the flow of trade goods from India with the rest of the empire, and allow for products to enter the subcontinent easier. More Indian are recruited to serve in the East India forces. The Dutch offer Malacca a client state agreement which would place the sultanate under Dutch protection and allow the Dutch greater influence in the royal court. However, they would retain complete autonomy and control over their armed forces so long as they stay in line with Dutch Interests in the region.   An increase in naval activities in the region also begins as more ships become available in the area, with Batavia as the main port. Efforts to end piracy in the East Indies and solidify Netherlander naval supremacy in the region begins. The Muslim branch of the house of Nassau-Orleans continues to prove very important in the region as they secure loyalty to the royal family within the company. In Europe cultural, economic and scientific growth continues as the Netherlands enter their golden age. The Cities of Amsterdam and Brussels remain the largest cities of the lowlands and their influence over the rest of the lowlands is starting to be seen. Lowland French continues to develop along separate lines then southern French. Lowlands French continues to be important as both French and Dutch are spoken in the upper class and French is used for diplomatic ventures. The University of Brussels continues to flourish and the city itself is recognized as the most beautiful city in the Kingdom with only The Hague, Amsterdam and Namur rivaling it. The Palace of the Orient continues to be an important cultural centre in the city and the Mirza wing is built for the Mirza family to live in should they choose to. The House of Mirza continues to mingle with other European houses and one of the third generations of the house catches the eye of Willem II who begins trying to court her as a mistress. The girl in question, a 17-year old mixed blood named Rudy van Mirza, initially doesn't take to him much. However, his persistence eventually gets her into his bed. Willem continues to delegate more power to the States-General as he dedicates his time to the arts, sciences and other activities of the Upper class and nobility. The Dutch navy is nearly completely remodeled now with 75% of the fleet now with modern ships as the older ones are scutteled or sold to privateers and merchants. The military continues to expand. The States-General offer the Romans support should they decide to suppress the separatist groups. In the New World, the Guiana colony continues to grow as all settlements expand 20 pixels in total along the Amazon, New Rhine Rivers and along the coastline. The Netherlands offers Portugal a treaty establishing the borders between their respective colonies along the Amazon River. Dutch explorers continue to explore the New Rhine and Amazon Rivers charting the lands and waters of the interior. The settlements continue to grow and prosper as more land is set aside for farming and plantations and the cities along the coastline grow as trade grows in the region. Fighting against the natives in the interior intensifies as Dutch-Wallon colonists and explorers push the frontier and establish forts along them. More slaves are sold in the New World and to the Indian states particularly to Urdistan as demand increases. Benin continues to develop as an autonomous part of the Dutch African Empire and the first generation of European educated leaders arises. In support of their Roman allies the Netherlands send 12,000 troops and 45 ships to help suppress the Egyptian revolt. The Royal Army engages Egyptian and Muslim rebels in coordination with loyalist and Roman forces. Also, working in co-ordination with the Royal Navy moving up the Nile River to secure the most valuable land of the region for allied forces and to avoid it being destroyed by fighting. 
 * The Consulate of Romania: Constantius, now 61, and his brother, Radu, now 60, resume growing the economy and making the military stronger. Trade flourishes across Romania. A second large Cannon Foundry is constructed by a rising weapons firm, known as the Constanta fabrică de Tun. The cannons produced and developed at the factory begin to make the company quite rich and powerful. The company begins to develop a new form of cannons, the Culverini. The new guns are tested on a Sunbeci, and prove to be exceptionally accurate for naval guns. However, the large Culverini are too heavy for the smaller Sunbeci. More work must be done to refine the cannons, but they are developing well. A redesigned Culverini, the Demi-Culverini is tested on a Sunbeci. The test is extremely positive as the redesigned cannons are smaller and much more portable than the full size Culverini. The Sunbeci continue to be developed, the craft is tested and exceeds expectations. The navy requests funding to pay for a fleet of 50 to be built over the next few decades, the project is rescheduled to finish in 1576 due to the war in Anatolia. Each ship will displace 200 tons, and carry 40 cannons of varying length and caliber. More disputes occur in the senate. There is much distrust in the Senate, a majority of the senators hold Mircea in contempt as the young man acts with spoiled impunity. Aside from the politicking of the capital much work is put into strengthening bonds with Transylvania, and thousands of Romanians travel to the new province. Hungarians are asked to leave Transylvania, their cost of passage to be paid in part by Romania. At the same time many Romanians, still within Hungary, and fearing persecution, flee to the safely of Romania. Pressure from Catholics in Transylvania begins to mount, as religious diversity leads to some conflict. Romania begins to exert political pressure on Kiev, (Year 14 of 15) while also providing them with aid after the devastating war. Vladimir, now 34, continues to learn the art of ruling. His sister Lilliana, now 26, continues to search for a suitable husband. Mircea now a young man of 21 begins learning alongside his cousin. Sophia, now 6, continues to her development.
 * The Consulate of Bulgaria: Thousands of Romanians move into the country, seeking cheap and productive land. Meanwhile inter-marriage becomes very common. Bulgarians also begin to migrating to trade towns in Romania to seek more economic opportunities. The economy is improved and times are good.
 * Romanian Somaliland : A trade mission is launched to contact the nations within the Indian Ocean.
 * Austria: This turn in both our nation and the nations of Bohemia, Moravia, Luxembourg, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia, Lusatia, Salzburg, Augsburg, Swabia,  Elsaß-Lothringen, Mainz, Palatinate, and our colonial territories and possessions is dedicated to economy. We train and expand our military using new experience from recent wars, and grow our nation economically. In Morocco our position in Melilla is fortified. All fortifications around the region are rebuilt and manned by stationed guards in case of an attack. To protect Melilla the construction of a fortress outside the city is considered, although postponed for now. The port of Melilla is rebuilt to begin operation as a trade port and military outpost. Construction continues on a shipyard in the Melilla port to facilitate the construction and repair of friendly ships. Melilla is granted a permanent naval garrison in the city’s port, to respond to dangers in the area and to support the small garrison on land who mans the fortifications. Our position in Morocco is fortified by re-inforcements, bringing Melilla operational against attacks. For now a small fleet is stationed in its harbor, while its garrison continues to hold the north and its supply lines, supporting our Christian brethren. With much of the Muslim population of Melilla left dead after the war against Morocco, the local government attempts to entice settlers by offering large quantities of land to Christian settlers. Many Europeans, particularly of German descent and/or from central Europe begin settling the area around Melilla. With finances from Augsburg-based banking establishments, the Trieste Company continues to launch expeditions to West Africa. Abrechtburg has grown to a decently sized settlement, supporting a population of farmers, traders and a small garrison of soldiers. The town also houses a well furbished fort, armed with a small amount of cannons intended to defend the settlement and the harbor from any attack. Built out of necessity, the port at Abrechtburg is refurbished and expanded to support more trade ships, and allied countries are welcomed to trade and stay in the town. The second largest settlement in Westenland, Dominusburg, follows suit, finishing the construction of a port similar to Abrechtburg‘s. Trade posts continue to be built and exploited, now numbering several dozen along the coast of Westenland and into allied territory. Our reliance on the Wolof becomes less so, but we sign a trade agreement with their nation to continue our positive relationship. Deals are made with the Wolof for slaves and other goods. Conversion of the natives begin around the settlement. Several ships begin construction in Trieste, Melilla, Corfu, and other ports, to further facilitate and protect overseas trade. Trade is increased with the Grand Duchy of Bavaria and other trade partners, bringing about new avenues of trade and commerce. Expeditions to the New World continue to increase trade with Spanish possessions, establishing a trade route between Westenland and colonies in the Yucatan. Trade posts in the Caribbean are expanded and grow as they become more frequently visited. A trade agreement is signed with the local Nacotchtank people, who we begin to trade goods with. Work also begins on a settlement on Vultsburg, it being the hub of Austrian trade in the south Imperial Sea. The settlement continues to grow and with the construction of a fort complete, the first settlers begin moving to the island. Schlossburg, and the area around it, expands. Settlers explore areas along the large river in the area, which they name the Ehrbar River (OTL Potomac). The Ehrbar settlements begin expanding northwards. A more permanent trade post is established in Schlossburg, with fortifications being complete. The town of Schlossburg is declared the center of the territory of Reichland, which continues to expand.
 * Mansurryian Sultanate: With the death of Sultan Aashif, the nation mourns, especially in the capital Baghdad, who shall remember his glorious 29 year reign for all of eternity. Meanwhile, the Grand Council of Elders succeed Sultan Aashif and thus the interim government begins as Sultan Aashif's 14 year old son, Prince Amir, is yet to come our age. It is decreed throughout the nation, that all those who do not remain loyal to the Grand Council and Prince Amir, will be put to death. We also join our allies, the Damascan lead Collation (Damascas, Urdustan, Tartary, and us) in their war against the Safavids and we thank them. In order to help our allies and stabalize ourselves once more, as we send our military to war with the Safavids we also purge out any rebels/warlords along the way. Meanwhile the rest of our army focuses on purging more of the rebels, thus conducting the Second Great Manssuryian Purge.
 * Roman Empire: With the victory in Egypt inspiring Roman morale, the invasion of Anatolia commences in order to put down the rebels. Following the Romanian vanguard, the Roman troops and militias attack the largely disorganized Turkish rebels, outnumbering them and having better equipment and training. To further consolidate Roman control in Egypt, a new province is created in the western desert called Libya.
 * Albania: Expands the military further.
 * Ragusa: Navy is expanded.
 * Serbia: Some troops are sent to aid in the Roman campaign in Anatolia and to gain vengeance for the insult that was the battle of Kosovo so many years ago.
 * Roanoke: The colony continues negotiations and consolidation of the city and surrounding plantations.
 * Banche Esterno: Taking the chance, some expansion by 10 pixels is done south because the Prussian colony has been destroyed by a hurricane.
 * Grand Duchy of Bavaria: Bavaria expands its economy. The population continues to rise. Grand Duchess Catherine and her council continues to allow the training of new troops. Several markets are constructed in Landshut as well as trade houses for Austrian and Castilian traders. In Austria, several new ships begin being constructed, with twenty-five very large cogs being finished. We begin using an established trade route, with important stops in the trade route include Rome, Athens, Constantinople, Gibraltar, and the coasts of Brittany, due to a longstanding trade deal. Continuing in 1561, Catherine commissions six cogs to sail around western Mediterranean coasts. The market center in Landshut continues to attract Bavarian and Venetian traders. In religious news, around 76% of the country adheres to the Western Church. Most adherents live around Munchen and Landshut. In other news, Bavaria continues implementing the Alliance and Merchant Act as well as the Militia and Navy Act. The Bavarian Court continues hosting a largely Venetian composition. However, many Bavarian families have intermingled with the Venetians, creating a distinct social class and gentry. In national news, the common courts continue to be implemented around Bavaria as several of the lower class make use of it. The serf laws begin to be used as well. Skeptics who theorized that the serf laws would mark no profound change in society begin to be proven wrong. In 1561, as many as five hundred serfs sue for their freedom. Catherine begins to seriously ponder a law that would fully abolish serfdom, seeing how it has more or less deteriorated in Bavaria. The wild unpopularity of these laws begin to wear off as well. Catherine further incorporates the Collegiate Writs, allowing many more lower class men to enter college. In legal news, Catherine continues implementing the Bavarian commands. In political news, the Curia Bavaria continue to implement the Bavarian Commands and Collegiate Writs into a codified, national law. Catherine is pleased by this development, and becomes less wary of the Parliament. Work on the Parliamentary House finishes in the city of Landshut. In other news, Prince Albert will be betrothed to Princess Ingrid of Scandinavia in approximately thirteen years. In domestic news, the Curia Bavaria drafts legislation to reorginaze the adminstrative composition of Bavaria. Bavaria will continue to be a Grand Duchy, however, there will be more divisions within the country. The territory of the cities of Munchen, Straubing, Ingolstadt, and Landshut are proclaimed as Duchies, with each capital being the aforementioned cities, under the direct administration of the Grand Duchess. Burgau, Nurnburg, Burggrafschaft, Bamberg, and Wurzburg are proclaimed as Royal Counties, also under the administration of the Grand Duchess. Saxony and Thuringia, both province ruled by a single Count, himself a vassal of the Grand Duchy, are formally consolidated into Greater Saxony  (in German: Kurfüstentum Sachsen). Greater Saxony will remain an Electorate in the HRE, but in Bavaria, Greater Saxony will be seen as a Duchy, being ruled by a Duke. Bremen Port will continue to be administered by the Grand Duchess, however, it will now be its own province. The Curia Bavaria finalizes this legislation in early July. Most of the country is unaffected by these measures, however, the ecclesiastical province of Wurzburg is one that will be heavily affected. Bishops around the province, already wary of their Bavarian overlords, erupt in fervent protest in what they see as a secular revolution which would strip them of all of their rights. Grand Duchess Catherine insists that Wurzburg, although legally a County, would continue to enjoy the benefits of a religious land, and the structure of the province would remain virtually the same. By years end, most of the Bishops constituting the power structure of Wurzburg are able to calm themselves and accept the new state of administration. In dynastic news, Grand Duchess Catherine puts forth the hands of marriage of Prince Wilhelm and Princess Amelia to the Spanish Empire. In somewhat comic news, Nurnburg residents are stunned by what they believe to some sort of supernatural, aerial battle high in the sky on April 14. They subsequently report a series of black, triangular objects that crash in the areas outside the city. By 8:00 in the morning, most of the aerial objects have left the area Frightened and curious, several city goers obtain fragments of the triangular vehicles and present at city meetings over the course of two days. Most see the fragments as omens, while others are simply curious as to what they are. By April 17, many town officials resolve to present the fragments to the Grand Duchess at Trausnitz. When presented with them, Catherine is immediately struck with awe and wonder at the several fragments. Hoping to achieve royal favor, the Nurnburg officials create a golden circlet for the Grand Duchess with the black fragments encrusted within it. They then present the Circlet to Catherine a week later. She accepts the gift graciously and grants the Nurnburg officials expanded privileges in Landshut. Feeling satisfied, the Nurnburg officals return home. However, in Nurnburg, many of those who held on to the fragments have been imprisoned or isolated due to insanity or incidents of extreme violence. Within a months, those who had come into contact with the fragments are either dead or despondent. Fears are immediately raised over the safety of the Grand Duchess, who frequently adopts the use of her fragment-encrusted circlet. By the time word reaches Landshut of the incidence in Nurnburg, the Grand Duchess had already been locked in her bedchambers for four days. Since the Nurnburgers leave from Landshut after they had gifted the circlet to Catherine, she had slowly lost her wits and seemingly went insane. Fearing demonic possession by the fragments, court guards restrain her to her bedchamber on April 29, and remove the circlet from her head. Fortunately, to the great relief of the whole court, Catherine fully recovers by June. She then orders that all fragments be collected from Trausnitz and Nurnburg, and sealed away in the dungeons of Alter Hof, in Munchen. A total of thirty six fragments were discovered, obtained, and sealed. A total of nine people die in Nurnburg. All of those nine had possession of one or more black fragments. Thirteen people ultimately recover fully from a prolonged bout of insanity, them too having had contact with the fragments. By years end, the event had become a widely known, public mystery in Bavaria, having killed nine and nearly killing the Grand Duchess herself. The Fragments are seens as demonic tools and sent from the Devil himself. Despite the craziness of the situation, most people resolve to forget about it by December. The Grand Duchess regards it as a severe case of the Pox, which she luckily recovered from.
 * Duchy of Landshut: Trausnitz continues to be the national capital. Work on the Parliamentary House is completed this year. Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Duchy of Munchen: By 1561, the total class of Queen Isabell University amounts to about 5100 men. Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The Collegiate Writs begin to draw more men to college.
 * Duchy of Straubing: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Duchy of Ingolstadt: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * County Burgau: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * County of Nurnburg: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The Nurnburg Incident (see above) stuns the entire country.
 * County of Burggrafschaft: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * County of Bamberg: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * County of Wurzburg: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Duchy of Greater Saxony: Troops authorized by Catherine and Duke Adalbert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Duke Adalbert normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion. The former Count Albert dies of dysentery, formally passing the ducal throne to his son, Adalbert.
 * Bremen Port: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Several cogs are constructed, and plans are drafted to construct many larger ships.

1562
'''Native tribes of the Lenni Lenape in the north of Lenapehoking begin actively resisting foreign influence in an effort to protect or take back parts of their ancestral homeland. Local tribes of the Munsee and Northern Unami-Analactigo Dialects under the influence of Scandinavia engage in a civil war with tribes to the west and south resisting European influence, causing Lenape people such as the Wiechquaeskeck, Reckgawawank, Hackensack, Raritan, and Navasink to come into contact with Sankhikan, Atsayonck, Remkoke, Armewarmex, and others. The Lenni Lenape rally behind a war chief from the Took-seat (Wolf Clan) named Buckongahelas, who wins a decisive victory against European-aligned Navasink warriors at the Battle of Mechananienk, ambushing the enemy force in the passage of a small valley. His forces continue as far north as Communipaw, killing several dozen Scandinavian settlers in the region of New Gotland. (Undoubled scores for Lenni Lenape: Military: 7, Economy: 3, Infrastructure: 2).] '''

'''Too convenient for every power aligned against you to be getting revolts and events against them. If I can have large scale attacks with no scores or algos so can Crim for the time being, the rest of the event is fine it just stunts his growth in the area. -Feud'''

'''The ideas of the Dutch Reformist church become popular in northern France where a small group of reformists known as Huguenots begins to gain support. The movement is of little controversy, until anti-Catholic posters begin appearing in Paris and other major cities, causing many local nobles to label the movement as rebellious. Several leaders are arrested and executed by burning at the stake in front of the Cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris.'''

'''The event has no foundation for three reasons 1. There's no reason in the world to divide the church due, I've wanted to start reformation but other mods said no, so it won't, they've been here for 30 years and just begins starting before the war against MS? 2. France have them freedom of religion as far as they had no intention of converting France entirely and 3. France is a relatively independent church only responding to the Pope. Even if there were any discontent it would be minimal as French people hold their beliefs. The event can't happen. Sine dei gloriem &#34;Ex Initio Terrae&#34; (talk) 06:19, July 13, 2014 (UTC)'''

'''The first tulip bulbs appear in the Netherlands after being purchased from Constantinople. Tulip bulbs begin to be distributed in VIenna, Augsburg, Antwerp, Brussels, and Amsterdam, and their popularity leads to their heavy cultivation in the Netherlands. Unlike all other flowers in Europe at the time, the tulip is noted as having a saturated intense petal color, and comes to symbolize the wealth in the Lowlands. '''

Emperor Julian of the Tartary is killed by Iranian forces during the successful siege of Tehran.

'''Kid was ten? That is kind of cruel. -Swank'''

'''That was a typo, the Emperor is fifty-ish. His son, who I accidentally named Julian last turn, is actually called Paul. -Fed'''

'''In case the guy playing as Roman Empire is reading this, I would like to tell him that he lost the invasion of Egypt. - Rimp'''


 * Damascan Sultanate: Sulimen, the official Sultan of the Damascan Sultanate sends support to the Safavids, to fight them, and to Anatolia to help the rebels and convince them to join back into the sultanate. Suleiman II now at the age of 19 begins training to become a regent sultan. Sulimen takes charge if the Damascan Regent in order to prove himself he can rule. He does exceedingly well with speeding the restoration of Damascus, and promoting much migration to the great city. We continue vassalizing Makuria (Twelve of Thirteen) and Alodia (Twelve of Thirteen). Damascus now numbers 265,000. Damascus has grown huge now, and continues to as it is now the  largest city in the Damascan Sultanate. The military is expanded. The government has not fallen as it has undergone change in leadership, a new location, and a new name, although has changed the titles, but not the heart. Antioch's population grows to 176,000. Sulieman II requests the marriage to Shana, a Dutch-Bengali Princess. Sulimen II takes command of the Imperial forces in Anatolia, and begins aiding the rebels. We finish vassalizing Azirbejian. With our new lands in Persia, we begin expanding their infrastructure, in order to build a strong industry and forts and towns. We begin vassalizing Judea/Jerusalem (One of Four). Centralization begins. The people begin rallying to Islam. Arabs and Turks alike, although on somewhat neutral terms seem to be getting along. Although most of the Sultanate sees itself as an Arabic nation, the Turks begin slowly migrating to the Tartary, as a known haven for Turks. The Sultan, Sulimen offers trading rights, and hopefully an alliance down the path to the Tartary.
 * Karamanian Sultanate (vassal of the Damascan Sultanate): Karaman finally pushes the last of the Greeks out and into Izmir and Burdur. More Arabs flock to Karaman. Military expands as a small city is beginning to form in Karaman, it is called by Kabubekr. It boasts a number of around 55,000
 * Diyabakir (vassal of the Damascan Sultanate): The vassal sends more support to Ankara in order for it to not slip into rebel hands. Military is expanded, and troops are sent to Ankara to kill any Greek or a few Turkic rebels which would force the state to question itself.
 * Ankara (vassal of the Damascan Sultanate): Turks and Arab citizens are requested to show people whom have betrayed the land and are acting as spies. The infrastructure is expanded as reparations are made on devastated neighborhoods and towns. The revolts and rebellions begin to stop.
 * Kurdistan (annexed territory of Safavid Empire): The Turks begin to slow their chaotic behavior with the leverlocked equipped Janissaries entering the newly conquered territory. As an Arab nation now begins to enter the land with good Turk relation the people seem to be more happy. The lands in the Safavid, begin to grow calmer, the royal family was hung. Each of the three main attackers hung 2 family members. The infrastructure expands. Centralization begins.
 * Azirbejian (vassal of the Damascan Sultanate): The new lands offer the northern province to the Tartary, due to their good relations and acceptance and tolerance of Islam. Infrastructure expands. Centralization begins.
 * Hamburg-Mecklenburg: after years if neglect, repairs to the Hamburg-Copenhagen road begin, with more to keep after due to the control over Holstein. The University of Lüneburg sees increased enrollment due to the exodus from the University of Osnabruck, but the students reputation precedes them, the the administration is quick to ban alcohol for all students. Expeditions continue to be sent from the Friedrich Inseln into east Asia, mapping the area. The military and economy see improvements, and the Navy expands, especially in the Borelian and Friedrich Inseln fleets. Even with no response from Prussia, aid is sent to help in the rebuilding of Neu Pommern. Neu Braunschweig, Williamsburg, and Neu Hamburg expand 20 px. Neu Lüneburg expands 20 px southeast.
 * County of Holstein: Infrastructure expanded.
 * Duchy of Stade: Infrastructure expanded.
 * Prince-Archbishopric of Münster: Military and economy expanded.
 * Ostland (al-Sumal): Military and economy expanded. Expands 20 px north


 * Portugal: Continues a notable buildup in military strength and allows for a vigorous training program on the existing military forces attempting to train them up heavily. Meanwhile, the administration continues to be reformed, and agriculture and commerce are encouraged. Meanwhile, Portugal continues to develop its navy. Meanwhile, the colony in Lenhame continues exporting wheat to Portugal. Meanwhile, trade intensifies in the African coast. The Açores continue to be settled. Meanwhile, the naus continue being used. Naval explorations directed to the west continue. Meanwhile, Santa Cruz expands north by 2500 sq km. Meanwhile, sugarcane continues to be planted in Santa Cruz. Meanwhile, pau-brasil (brazilwood) starts to be extracted in the colony. Meanwhile, the colony of São Sebastião expands 2500 sq km.
 * Marrikuwuyanga Empire: The wheat surplus had steadily increased which had allowed the Marrikuwuyanga to increase their population. The Marrikuwuyanga continued their trade with the Dutch East India Company after the Supreme Council of Twelve had allowed the Dutch to create a trade outpost [1 px] at West Timor. The Marrikuwuyangan economy was steadily growing after the shock it had faced when the Ayutthaya faced rebellion. The Marrikuwuyangan economy was the strongest in the region and hundreds of men from other tribal states would migrate to Marrikuwuyanga annually to live in better conditions. The Marrikuwuyanga now produced muskets in large number, although training in using spears was still provided. The development of a cannon brought a new era for the Marrikuwuyangans who had never seen such a decisive weapon. The navy is developed. Smallpox had finally come to an end and the people returned to their normal lives. The construction of a university had started with the aid of the Dutch. Anti-Gulalin sentiment continued to increase as many questioned whether the man they worshipped as a god was the vessel of Emperor Yada Gulpilil's soul or not. Attempts to revolt had, however, largely failed due to the strong grip the Emperor had on the state but mostly because no one had the will to revolt especially after the devastating disease. After extensive work on developing the living standards of the people since the time of Emperor Benelong Gulpilil, the Emperor Gulalin had successfully managed to replace almost all of Marrikuwuyangan grass huts with either mud huts (56%) or mud brick houses (44%). The Emperor, however, did not receive much praise on this accomplishment for the people were much busier, planning to overthrow the Emperor. This anti-Gulalin sentiment was mostly concentrated at the Tiwi islands and coastal areas Meanwhile, the Marrikuwuyangan military discover Guinea
 * Timor: The extensive work on developing Timor's navy and military had proved beneficial after the Dutch had started providing the Marrikuwuyanga with their warships for the Marrikuwuyanga to examine and build. A great majority of Marrikuwuyangan warships were present at Timor with most of them having more than 40 cannons present. With merchants and now clergy arriving to Timor from the Mataram Sultanate, Islam started to spread among the natives. One of the member of the Supreme Council of Eight who himself had converted to Islam made sure the Emperor was not informed of the spread of the Abrahamic religion.
 * Mudbarra: Extensive work on developing Gurindji continued. Many men were hired as mercenaries for the assassination of various tribesmen. Meanwhile, a large military camp had been constructed for the training of many men. The smallpox had killed a great number of people and the fact that it had taken place just a few years after the Mudbarra pledged alliance to the Marrikuwuyanga made many people think the Marrikuwuyanga were demons and that they (Mudbarra) were punished for helping demons, thus anti-Gulalin sentiment continued to increase among the natives. Mil Turn and Eco Turn
 * Gurindji: Extensive work on developing Gurindji continued. Plans were being made to construct a University for the people. Meanwhile, a large military camp had been constructed for the training of many men. The smallpox had killed a great number of people and the fact that it had taken place just a few years after the Gurindji pledge alliance to the Marrikuwuyanga made many people think the Marrikuwuyanga were demons and that they (Gurindji) were punished for helping demons, thus anti-Gulalin sentiment continued to increase among the natives. Mil Turn and Eco Turn

L'nu Dip: Asks for an alliance with the independent Iroquois. Mod Response Needed.
 * The Empire of Britannia: Many ships are modernized and replaced to keep the British Royal Navy a powerful force on the high seas. Port Edmundburg continues to experience a growth in population. The British Navy continues the construction of frigates and galleons. Plans to upgrade other parts of the navy are continued. Port Katrina continues to expand. Britannia also fully adopts the snaphaunce rifle. The parliament forms the Crown Colonial Authority to better monitor Britannia's colonial holdings. The CCA expands control in Africa. Construction of two large galleons, both with 200 guns commences, the Sovereign and the Intrepid, making them the largest vessels ever attempted by a European nation, work is expected to take the better part of a decade. The first frigates of the Rome deal sets sail for its new home in Constantinople. Several older ships are sold to Croatia and other nations to make way for the modern ships. In London, in effort to preserve beer, a local brewer names James Walsh, adopts glass as a method of sealing in the beer, thus preserving it. The massive war Galleons Sovereign and Intrepid continue ahead of schedule and are nearing completion. The HMS Royale, a 368-gun war galleon with added mortar capabilities continues construction in South Hampton shipright. The Empire signs the Third Treaty of Delhi and sends troops to bolster new lands provided by the treaty. The Colonial Authority appoint Maximilian GrandPre as Governor of the Britannic Port of Katrina and outer land. Port William expands 1000 sq km around the coast of New Guerney (OTL Hispaniola). Several cities including Plymouth and Edinburgh see massive expansion and beautification works. Plymouth sees new brownstone houses to support the growing British middle class. The University of Plymouth sees more intellectuals espousing wild and radical suggestions and begin championing rational though through the whole of Plymouth and into mainland Britannia. London sees a renewal of the arts, with modern architecture being found throughout the city. One artist proposed having ornate and beautiful fountains throughout the city. His plans were accepted as part of an urban renewal plan. Soon the capital of the Empire will be known as the City of Fountains. London sees such a growth and change thanks to the growing wealth of the Empire, the city begins developing a reputation as a forward thinking city entrapped in beauty and thought. The Westminster Exchange begins allowing greater freedom in stocks and adopts the Dutch method of joint stocks. Gerard Pictman creates the first "accurate" projection of the Earth on maps called the Pictman Map Projection. The Empire sees this new map and orders its adaptation. Troops are moved in the Port Katrina area as tensions with neighbors grow. Britannia accepts the Netherlands offer
 * Calais: Military and navy are expanded. Calais experiences a remodel of its port facilities to help with trade.
 * Eire: The Irish colony of Nuaphail expands 1000 sq km west. Nuaphail is renamed New Dublin after the capital of the united Eire.
 * Scotland: Expands navy and military. The Edinburgh Stock Exchange continues to do well.
 * Port Edmundburg: Expands by 1000 sq km south and east down the coast. The African colonists begin looking toward mining and other ventures to generate profit. A new newpaper, the first in a colony, is founded, called the Edmundburg Report.
 * New Cambridgeshire: New Cambridgeshire expands by 1000 sq km north and west. Colonists begin to explore around the region and begin to have a large fishing boom. The Port of New Oxford is expanded to handle excess ships from Britannia and other European nations. The L'nu protectorate becomes more closely controlled by Britannia, in several years, leaders hope to begin the vassalization process.
 * Crown Protectorate Ghana. More troops are raised from locals. Military and infrastructure is expanded. Local support is slowly gaining ground.
 * Oldenburger Diplomacy: The County sends many gifts and kind messages to Count Dietrich II/Richard IV to congratulate him on his 60th birthday!
 * Prussia: The Prussians continue to repair the damage caused to Neu Pommern.
 * Courland: The Curonians also continue developing their economy.
 * Estland: Estland also continues developing their economy.
 * The Tartary grieves the death of Emperor Julian. The regency council decides to continue the war in full strength to avenge the death of the Emperor. They call upon all their allies to help the war.
 * Bukhara also declares war on the Iranians, with troops flooding into the nation. Twenty thousand soldiers, equipped with siege equpment and the most developed armies, go into the borders of Khiva and Persia.
 * Azov, Perm, Bajkal and Chernihiv all send military support or supplies. The former develop their economy, the latter their military.
 * Tawatinsuyu: Economy improves. The Inca government begins to quash the National's attacks against the Empire. Roughly 7% of the Inca population supports the nationals, with another 60% supporting the government. The remaining 30% are neutral. Population across the empire hits 937,000. Chimu remains the largest city in the empire (115,000) with Qusqo coming in second (80,000), followed by Peru (26,000), Machu Picchu (24,000) and Sican (15,000). Chimu and Sican remain isolated culturally when compared with the rest of the empire. The Inca begin to push east as well. The areas taken in the push east are orginzied into the Willkapampa Wamani. The areas between the Wanka Wamani and Chimorsuyu are also incorporated into the empire.The soliders sent to France are to train in the art of seafaring, as the Treaty of Chan Chan requires France to aid in the creation of the Inca Navy. The total size of the army hits 29,000. In Aymarasuyu, several free Aymara people are fed up with the way their kinsmen have been treated under the Inca. As a result, they orgnize a settelement south of Lake Titicaca, named Aymara Wamani, or refered to as The La Paz Settlement by government officals. The La Paz settelment is allowed a large amount of self rule.
 * Chiribaya Wamani:  The Inca occupation of Chiribaya ends as a new capital is formed. The Capital is named Chirbaya Qosqo, (Chiribaya Central) and is located in OTL Tacna. Population of the nation hits 73,000, which is still less than half of that before the wars with the Inca. The Army of Chiribaya Wamani is formed, replacing the old Chiribaya War Band. Military improves. Chiribaya Qosqo is developed and the city of Castile is founded in OTl Monquegua.
 * Hispania: The Spanish populace reaches about 13.9 million and growing thanks to the addition of the Aragonian populace and other growth. The economy, thanks to the aggressive colonialism, continues to expand immensely and the Spanish economy becomes the most powerful in Europe passing the French economy by leaps and bounds with the massive influx of gold, silver and jewels contributing heavily and its administration preventing heavy inflation of the Spanish economy. The armed forces continue their push to remain the most modern and begins to build a host of new ships to replace older ones which are sold to its vassals, trade companies and other territories of the Empire. The Spanish continue to escort major trade convoys with warships to increase likelyhood of surviving. and investigation into the criminal underworld is undertaken to find out who hired these privateers. Their first acts are to create a law system dealing with voting restricting it to the landed people and certain merchants but leaving it open to change with later amendments. The Parliament - also with authority of the queen - splits executive power between the Parliament and the monarchy. Finally, the Parliament creates the Colonial Administration Authority, which is a dedicated office to managing the colonies with offices in each colony and a budget dealing with expansion, maintenance and protection. The Colonial Administration authority seeing massive success in organizing the creation of a new colony in Borealias West Coast, and the West African campaign Parliament grants the CAA the ability to create the Colonial Military administration in order to keep tabs on colonies armed forces, garrisons and other protectorates armed forces as well. Hispania adopts the Italian Built Auditore Gun into its arsenal for its great penetration, huge shock effect, and ability to shoot longer than the Dutch gun, at the expense of weight, reload time, and the occasional explosive misfire. Emperor Phillip of Hispania officially names the day of his mothers death a national holiday. The first semblance of a more fair contitution of rights are passed by Parliament expanding further rights and representation to the Citizens of Spain.
 * Kingdom of Italy:  Italy reaches its troops amount of 30,000 with it being armed and trained by Spanish troops in tactics. The Italian army is expanded moderately with some naval ships being purchased to replace losses. However, the Invulnerable Spanish army discourages any from speaking their mind and most deal with the relatively benevolent rule of the Spanish. The population of the Kingdom of Italy reaches about 13.3 million with growth falling short due to many men being killed in the war. The Italian navy reaches nearly 200 ships and growing. The people of Italy begin to see Spain as much more benevolent than before and are more than happy with Spanish rule. However, this also may have to do with the fact that many nobles have been replaced with Spaniards or loyal Italians who helped Spanish forces in the invasion. Some Hispanicized Italians (Italians who have adopted Spanish culture) are allowed to settle in the Spanish colonies. Some smaller towns and cities in coastal italy see the first real merging of Spanish and Italian culture. The Kingdom of Italy shows a new prominent gun maker known as Ferdinand Auditore, a man of Mixed Spanish and Italian descent. His musket, known as "The Devils Breath" or the Auditore Gun due to its massive signature ball of fire coming from the gun as it fires, is delivered as a prototype to the monarch of Spain. This snaplock musket when tested outperformed the current Dutch weapon in many aspects, but was also a bit heavier, and some defects caused the weapon to explode near the end of the gun causing minor harm to the User.
 * Savoy: Savoy is stabilized. The Savoyan people accept their new overlords as the increased trade has left traders and many other with much more money than they had before. The economy, thanks to trade with Spain, expands moderately but much is spent rebuilding Savoy from the conflict. Savoy agrees to cede portions of territory to France due to the war and many people in Savoy are angered but powerless. The rulers of Savoy - realizing that inclusion into the Spanish empire is much better than being a target of it - manage to pacify the populace and begin to rebuild raising a small force of about 10,000 to handle security. The people of Savoy begin to work toward building up a trade fleet now at 120 ships.
 * Genoa: Now being free of Italy, but now a vassal of Spain, Genoa looks to rebuild its trade empire under the rising Spanish empire. The Genoan people and traders widely consider this to be a turning point with their people and begin to push for the mass acquisition of trade ships to rebuild their trade empire. Genoa begins to expand its military moving up to nearly 8000 troops with 5000 Spanish troops housed in Genoa. The Genoan people more than not show welcoming attitudes toward the Spanish as they have felt relatively oppressed by the Italians. However, some Genoans remain disenfranchized with the Spanish but the reputation of invincibility of the Spanish army makes any attempt at independence a far cry from possibility. These people more than not decide to find ways to live under the Spanish empire in a more prosperous way, by establishing multiple trade companies. These companies begin to be common throughout Spanish lands as the Genoans begin to build up a trade fleet of a sizable amount now at 100 ships.
 * Kingdom of Morocco: The country begins the construction of various canals and cultivates trees farther inland to help increase arable farmland. The Moroccan economy continues to expand with greater trade coming from Spain and the Canaries all the way down to Capo Verde increasing the relative wealth. The Kingdom, with many canals having been completed, has vastly expanded its farmland among other things. Morocco's total population is 1.4 million with Christianity becoming dominant in the area. The Moroccan Assassins Guild forms and spreads keeping the peace and killing the corrupt as well as making Morocco much more peaceful for Spain. The Moroccan navy increases to nearly 130 ships. Morocco's economy continues to boom as the major canal projects have turned some of Morocco's harshes areas into incredibly useful farmland and for the first time in recorded history the area is covered in green farmland, trees, and grasses. The Kingdom of Morocco begins to push towards expanding further down the coast looking to gain approval from Spain
 * Kongo: The Kingdom begins to work toward a trade and production economy focusing on helping provide resources for Castile's burgeoning West African trade network. The King of the Kongo converting to Christianity and being baptised begins to call for the expansion of ports to the best of the Kongolese architects' abilities. The Kingdom of the Kongo in an attempt to increase economic output and trade begins to export a large amount of raw materials to Castile and begins to push toward heavy exploitation methods. The Kongo, unable to expand any farther up the river and with sizeable amounts of territory lost to local inland tribes, abandons a large amount of territory with no intent in coming years to reclaim but maintains that the entirety of the river and its basin is under the jurisdiction and claim of the Kongo and its Hispanian monarchs.
 * Mapuche: The Mapuche people begin to see the first mixed children between Spanish and Mapuche people. The Spanish institute the Ecomienda system. However, the Spanish governor, in order to keep control of the people, orders the Spanish heads of the system to treat the natives fairly in order to prevent mass deaths from overworking and resentment. Spanish farming techniques have definitely prevented starvation as the Mapuche continue to expand toward the coast building a road to connect it all. The Spanish governor, also using the local Mapuche as scouts, is able to expand much more than the Buenos Aires colony and uses this to his advantage to secure more land to be able to turn over to Spanish settlers. The Royal Governor ramps up expansion for some of the new plantation owners setting up expanding the the territory by 2500 sq km.
 * Morelia: The former Mayan kingdom is renamed Morelia by the royal governor to reflect its new Spanish culture as thousands of settlers have settled in the major cities with the population reaching about 675,000 in total with a large amount of traders and people from across Europe reaching an insightful priest says that destroying the cities will result in long term resentment that could never be repaired and instead they should be made Spanish-Maya hybrid. The new Royal Governor seeing wisdom in this declares that the cities will not be ransacked and a moderate tribute of gold and silver is demanded by the Spanish. The 2000 troops remain in the country and begin to establish areas along the coast suitable for Spanish settlement. The military and economy of the Maya under Spain is developed and roads are upgraded to Spanish standards. The Spanish begin to sponsor settlers in Morelia to begin expanding on the continent down the coast. (2500 sq km). The Spanish troops are brought from all over the region equaling nearly 5000, with 1000 being regulars, 3000 being troops formerly used in the conflict, and another 1000 opportunist settlers looking to make more money are used against the Mayan revolters with great effect. The Spanish troops continue to push through and wipe out remaining rebels clearing out the highlands by the end of the year.
 * Aztecs: With full control of the Aztec now reverting to the Spanish the Spanish begin to implement their Ecomienda system from the Mapuche in the south to the Aztec areas to extract gold and silver. Along with this many of the remaining Aztec people become infected decreasing population further. The economy of the Aztecs becomes entirely reliant on the Spanish Empire and the military remains non-existent with areas being occupied by Zapotec and remaining Spanish forces. However, its garrison is made up of Spanish forces who are settling the territory. Almost 5000 Spaniards come to the Aztec nation. The royal governor is appointed and after conversation with Morelias governor decides eventually he will embark on a large expansion campaign up the Mexican area. The Aztecs expand by 2500 sq km. The Colonial authority sends a fleets of settlers north to the colony of San Francisco.
 * Kingdom of Venezia: With the establishment of the Kingdom of Venezia following the previous war and with the loss of a large portion of the fleet the Venezian people seem to believe that much can be rebuilt through utilization of the dynamically rising Spanish empire for its own benefit. The businessmen and high level economists, bankers and multiple other fully knowledgeable individuals of Venezia remaining after the war go on a trip to Spain's vibrant trade cities and after careful negotiations many of these men take over one of Spain's newest rising trade companies, the Buenos Aires trade company, with some offices based out of the Buenos Aires colony in Hesperia. The Venezians, unable to select a king from their remaining nobles, delegate to the Queen of Spain (Castile and Aragon) who chooses a man named Antonio Lo Grato to rule as Prince of Venice in place of the Queen of Spain. A well acclaimed and respected man, he immediately enacts reforms. The Venezian economy with access to the Spanish economy begins to recover and for the first time in years due to this. The Venezians begins its long road to naval recovery and begins to use its vast knowledge to begin building ships not only for itself but acquires the blueprints to improve on Spanish ships to allow for sale back to the Queen. The Venezian military is also raised to a token force of about 10,000 due to its location but remains lightly armed and unable to project power or fight any unsupported offensives. The Prince of Venezia, Antonio, begins the drift toward Spanish culture.
 * Viceroyalty of New Spain: The Viceroyalty of new Spain is established with a massive amount of coastal territory secured begins to expand its major settlements seriously with Buenos Aires maintaining the most with nearly 40,000 people and growing The colony proper reaches nearly 450,000 in population seeing large amounts of Colonial immigration now from both Spain and Hispanicized Italians. The Viceroy implements the first cattle ranches (they are not modern ranches) in order to expand the food supply of the large colony. The Spanish inhabitants of the colonies form their first militia under command of a Spanish officer which is trained only to fight off native attacks. The Colony specifically expands 70 px  The viceroyalty seems extremely happy with the colonial status and support it's received from Spain as well as the massive re-investment for the betterment of the colony giving a huge boost to the construction of a few forts and a road system. The first ships begin to arrive from Spain African colonies bringing goods and a few slaves. Ranching is taken up by men previously accustomed to this in Spain. A colonial militia made up of nearly 3000 colonists and another 200 Spanish troops embarks on another attack on Natives in the Uruguay area coincidentally finding nearly 100 natives themselves engaged in conflict with others. These natives are revealed to be Converts to christianity and are helped and brought back to the Colony to show the good the Spanish missionaries are doing.
 * Cape Ferdinand: The Cape Ferdinand colony expands its population hoping to attract more settlers. The population of Cape Ferdinand reaches 35,000 colonists. The area itself begins to show up as a trade hub. Zulu Africans in the area begin being contacted with missionaries looking to speak to these people.
 * San Francisco: The new colony of San Francisco sees limited immigration but has become a sort of hub for Colonial adminstration fleets coming through the area to trade and explore as well as a staging point for those looking to sail to the Philippines hoping to reach them via the Pacific Ocean. The colony itself expands by 5 px. The colony's population reaches around 3000. expeditions are sent though into the interior and places such as the San Lorenzo Valley are discovered and claimed but remain unsettled.
 * Philippines: Spanish continue to establish majority control over the area through trade and other means. The Spanish then begin to send in a royal governor who makes plans to expand the island nation, and begins work on its economy and military to do so. Gold and silver from Spain is sent to facilitate buying materials to build up the area as the Philippines are garrisoned by mercenaries hired by Spain and nearly 300 of Spain's most well trained troops. The Philippines is built up as a massive trade and naval base and a fleet of Spanish ships sent from here make the first trip to Central Borealia with Spain becoming the first nation to connect a trade route along the entire planet.
 * Protectorate of Oyo:  From any of the disenfranchised troops are recruited who are more than happy to act as a military force over the people that once ruled them. The economy of the area is turned toward an extraction economy as the nobility in the area is replaced with Spaniards, some Italians and a few opportunistic African people. This leads to unusually harsh system of the Econmienda in the areas run by opportunists. The Colonial Military Administration under the Authority establishes a fiercely loyal force of nearly 10,000 troops who were downtrodden by the previous rulers or who were entirely oppressed and enslaved. The training of these troops is handled by Spanish officers who along with retinues of a few hundred troops give the troops drills in superior warfare. The census of the protectorate reveals a population of about three-to-five million but due to fluctuating numbers from all the European territories the numbers remain uncertain.
 * Chile: With the Incan protectorate conquering the Chiribaya peoples some small portion of territory is given to the Spanish who establish Chile run by Spanish traders and a small offshoot of the Incan Colonial administration office. The area's name gains its source from a Mapuche word meaning ends of the earth but is corrupted by the Spanish into the name "Chile" The small populace of the locals is evaluated and are immediately joined by a few hundred Spanish settlers who begin to establish some terraced farms and a small town. The area is militarily supported by the CMA located in the Inca and a force of about 1500 is used to maintain order in the area. The Chilean royal governor along with the Colonial authority begins to increase the economy of the area and is planning on a period of expansion coming up in the next few years. Chile begins its first year of expansion south heading 2500 sq km south to meet up with the Spaniards which used the Mapuche for their own expansion for Pacific ports.
 * East African Protectorates: With Madagasikara becoming fully under Hispania, Madagasikara and her vassals are consolidated under the Colonial Administration Authority as the East African protectorates. These nations remain fully semi-autonomous under their own governments and do not answer to Madagasikara, but to Hispania and her Colonial Administration Authority. The Colonial Authority makes it a major directive in the area to keep these states happy, and sends gifts of money to each of the protectorate states, and encourages the expanded trade of the local league to boost economy. The Protectorates each maintain about three-to-five separate small to moderately sized independent armed forces nearing a force of about 30,000 total between all the protectorates and are used for local peacekeeping, and promoting better relations between all the states. This military is also outfitted with older Spanish equipment and is trained in older but still effective tactics. With colonial Authority in place, and the Colonial Military Administration keeping the areas from devolving into a regional arms race between the protectorates the area is effectively administered as a singular entity under the Administration, with each state keeping its local culture, customs, and minor armed forces. The Colonial Military Administration does take extra care in keeping these forces loyal and small, having more to gain by serving with Spain rather than for nationalistic purposes. The Administration, however, knowing that overextension in the area may become an issue later draws up secret plans (in Spain so locals can't find out about them) to release these nations as friendly allied client/satellite states to prevent other further issues from arising in the area.
 * Dutch Diplomacy: The Dutch request access to South African ports to facilate the already massive traffic of Dutch ships around the cape - offering to pay a small fee and then some for the right ot trade in South Africa.
 * Trier: We dedicate this turn to military, as do Jülich, Zweibrücken, and our vassals. The states around us are influenced, including Berg. Trade routes are established, opening trade among Hesse, Cologne, and Austria and her vassals. To improve infrastructure we begin building several defenses, and roads to link towns across the nation. Fortifications around our capital are improved and updated. The University of Trier is expanded.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist, Neo-Confucian and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo and Ulsan.
 * China: The project to expand the Grand Canal continues. Simultaneously, the Emperor decides to conduct a census of his peoples. It is expected to be finished in ten years because China is HUGE. We announce support for the Fusahito Theocracy in their war against the other Daimyos. China builds up its defensive forces, especially the navy. All vassals expand their militaries. The projects to continue medical research continue; people are offered money sums if they volunteer to be exposed to various diseases, and then various cures.
 * Grand Duchy of Bavaria: Bavaria expands its economy. The population continues to rise. Grand Duchess Catherine and her council continues to allow the training of new troops. Several modern warships and trade vessels begin construction at Bremen Port. The Curia Bavaria order the Bavarian Army to be outfitted in modern uniform and to hold modern weaponry. Snapaunche rifles make their introduction in Bavaria. In diplomatic news, Bavaria alliances with Austria, Hamburg, Hispania, Britannia, France, The Netherlands, and Scandinavia. Bavaria has royal ties with Austria, Hamburg, Hispania, Britannia, France, The Netherlands, Scandinavia, Italy, and Venice, and Hesse. In religious news, around 76% of the country adheres to the Western Church. Most adherents live around Munchen and Landshut. In political news, the Curia Bavaria continue to implement the Bavarian Commands and Collegiate Writs into a codified, national law. Catherine is pleased by this development, and becomes less wary of the Parliament. Work on the Parliamentary House finishes in the city of Landshut. The Curia Bavaria formally moves into the Parliamentary House in Landshut. In dynastic news, Grand Duchess Catherine thanks the Hispanic Emperor for allowing the marriage of two of her children to Imperial children. Prince Wilhelm, fourteen years old, is sent to Madrid to marry Princess Elizabeta. Princess Amelia will be sent to Madrid to marry Crown Prince Alejandro in 1565, once she turns fourteen herself. Crown Prince Albert, Catherine's heir, is still set to marry Princess Ingrid of Sweden, sometime around 1565 as well. In domestic news, the Curia Bavaria accomplishes many things this year, most prominent among them is the passage of a monumental law which abolished serfdom. As tremendous as it was, the Abolition Act of 1562 was more of a ceremonial, symbolic law rather than an effective one, mostly because serfdom had already disappeared in Bavaria as of the turn of the century. In HRE news, the daughter of the late Count Albert of Saxony and Thuringia, Adelaide, turns 19 in 1562. Her hand in marriage is offered to the Hessian Crown Prince in accordance to the Hessian Dynasty Act. Once a child is born between the Hessian Prince, Wilhelm, and Adelaide, the child will be of the Wittelsbach dynasty, thus securing a Dynastic Union between Bavaria and Hesse.
 * Duchy of Landshut: Trausnitz continues to be the national capital. Work on the Parliamentary House is completed this year. Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Duchy of Munchen: By 1562, the total class of Queen Isabell University amounts to about 5000 men. Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The Collegiate Writs begin to draw more men to college.
 * Duchy of Straubing: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Duchy of Ingolstadt: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * County Burgau: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * County of Nurnburg: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The Nurnburg Incident continues to remain in memory, having put the country into a startled stupor for the majority of 1561.
 * County of Burggrafschaft: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * County of Bamberg: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * County of Wurzburg: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Duchy of Greater Saxony: Troops authorized by Catherine and Duke Adalbert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Duke Adalbert normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion.
 * Bremen Port: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Several cogs are constructed, and plans are drafted to construct many larger ships.
 * County of Oldenburg: Work begins on the Festungchen in Jacqueline. It is very small: consisting of one cylindrical tower (roughly like a Martello tower) with one cannon on top. Despite its small size, it is reassuring for the inhabitants of the colony, as well as for the OHG, who have been a bit anxious that foreigners or natives might attack and destroy their capital in Jacqueline. The major banks; the Jade Bank, the Bank of the Netherlands, the Episcopal Bank and that other one, who help finance the OHG and who have their own capital in Neu Norderney are equally pleased with the development. Proposals are proposed for another small colony in Neu Juist (otl Newfoundland). However, the country's finances at the moment wil not allow it for at least another few years.
 * Prince-Bishopric of Osnabruck: The city continues to languish under the students' strike. The economy does not improve, it declines (-1 for economy).
 * Malaccan Sultanate: We work on our growing economy. The spice trade and other trades have made our nation rich. Boats based on Dutch models begin construction. Continues influencing Brunei (17 of 20). We continue to improve our relations with the Dutch and the other members of UIN.
 * The Dutch offer Malacca a client state agreement which would place the sultanate under Dutch protection and allow the Dutch greater influence in the royal court. However, they would retain complete autonomy and control over their armed forces so long as they stay in line with Dutch interests in the region.
 * Malacca: Declines. We still wish to keep good relations with you but don't want to compromise our sovereignty.
 * Kingdom of Croatia: Croatia focuses primarily on its economy. Trade routes are strengthened after and the salt mines around Tuzla are explored as well as the salt industry in Pag and Nin. Using irrigation from the Danube, Sava, Drava, Drina, Cetina, Una, Vrbaš, Kupa, Neretva and other rivers the fields in the kingdom are developed, used for crops such as wheat, rye and barley. With trade routes increasing and Croatia entering an era of peace and of stability, the development of new trade ships is issued. Both the Ban and the King begin supporting urbanization and the spread of free cities, much to the disagreement of the Sabor. The Brothers of the Raven continue spreading their influence in Croatia. Stone mining is furthered as well as the timber industry. The need for these resources rises as urbanization carries on. The navy, under command of the King, his Ban and the First Admiral is developed due to the purchase of Britannic ships which are inspected and introduced into the Royal War Navy of Croatia or HKRM (Hrvatska Kraljevska Ratna Mornarica). The King, seeing that his daughter is frail and regularly ill, sends her to the Brothers of the Raven near the Lake Vrana, who are known for their care of the sick. There she is regularly visited by the son of Ban Nelipić, the young Božidar. The King, wishing to strengthen the loyalty of the Croats, supports the renaissance artists in Croatia, hoping to drive out any Hungarian stains on the the beautiful Croatian culture. Focusing mostly on the Dalmatian dialect, the King hopes to unify his people through a standardized language.
 * Russia: This turn in Moscow and all vassals is officially dedicated to military. We begin recovering from the war and rebuild our nation’s infrastructure and defenses. Surprised by the sudden betrayal we faced by our neighbors, we put aside resources for new fortifications and an updated military. Ship production continues, as does trade along our many trade routes.
 * Novgorod: We build up our economy by trading with other Russian states. Our military continues to train troops. Also we expand 10 px north on the island. On the island of лесные участки more cities are being made. More ships are being built for trade and our navy. More land is being set up for farming. Mining is being used more to obtain coal for fuel. Whale hunting is popular sport. Whale oil is used for fueling the lanterns. The timber industry cuts down trees for fuel sources in homes. We start to farm more land. In each of our cities we start to modernize them to be like European cities. The explorers come back with many riches.
 * Netherlands:With the Sunda Revolt finally suppressed reorganization of Sunda begins which is put under the direct administration of Batavia and the company while the title of sultan of Sunda remains a ceremonial title for the noble family which is granted a monthly salary. More native units are raised. However, they are considered inferior to the Indian units recruited from India who have absolute loyaty to the company. Influencing over the southern states of Sumatra continue as well as over east Java who the Dutch start requesting greater trade rights over. The Indian ports grow in importance along the Dutch trade routes as the improve the flow of trade goods from India with the rest of the empire, and allow for products to enter the subcontinent easier. More Indian are recruited to serve in the East India forces. The Dutch offer Malacca a client state agreement which would place the sultanate under Dutch protection and allow the Dutch greater influence in the royal court. However, they would retain complete autonomy and control over their armed forces so long as they stay in line with Dutch Interests in the region. An increase in naval activities in the region also begins as more ships become available in the area, with Batavia as the main port. Efforts to end piracy in the East Indies and solidify Netherlander naval supremacy in the region begins. The Muslim branch of the house of Nassau-Orleans continues to prove very important in the region as they secure loyalty to the royal family within the company. In Europe cultural, economic and scientific growth continues as the Netherlands enter their golden age. The Cities of Amsterdam and Brussels remain the largest cities of the lowlands and their influence over the rest of the lowlands is starting to be seen. Lowland French continues to develop along separate lines then southern French. Lowlands French continues to be important as both French and Dutch are spoken in the upper class and French is used for diplomatic ventures. The University of Brussels continues to flourish and the city itself is recognized as the most beautiful city in the Kingdom with only The Hague, Amsterdam and Namur rivaling it. The Palace of the Orient continues to be an important cultural centre in the city and the Mirza wing is built for the Mirza family to live in should they choose to. The House of Mirza continues to mingle with other European houses and one of the third generations of the house catches the eye of Willem II who begins trying to court her as a mistress. The girl in question, a 17-year old mixed blood named Rudy van Mirza, initially doesn't take to him much. However, his persistence eventually gets her into his bed. Willem continues to delegate more power to the States-General as he dedicates his time to the arts, sciences and other activities of the Upper class and nobility. The Dutch navy is nearly completely remodeled now with 75% of the fleet now with modern ships as the older ones are scutteled or sold to privateers and merchants. The military continues to expand. The States-General offer the Romans support should they decide to suppress the separatist groups. In the New World, the Guiana colony continues to grow as all settlements expand 20 pixels in total along the Amazon, New Rhine Rivers and along the coastline. The Netherlands offers Portugal a treaty establishing the borders between their respective colonies along the Amazon River. Dutch explorers continue to explore the New Rhine and Amazon Rivers charting the lands and waters of the interior. The settlements continue to grow and prosper as more land is set aside for farming and plantations and the cities along the coastline grow as trade grows in the region. Fighting against the natives in the interior intensifies as Dutch-Wallon colonists and explorers push the frontier and establish forts along them. More slaves are sold in the New World and to the Indian states particularly to Urdistan as demand increases. Benin continues to develop as an autonomous part of the Dutch African Empire and the first generation of European educated leaders arises. The tulip quickly becomes popular in the Netherlands particularly in Brussels whichi s the cultural centre of the Lowlands. In support of their Roman allies the Netherlands refuses to accept the independence of the Egyptian state and though the troops are withdrawn home, the Navy retains a solid blockade of the Egyptian and Judean coastline using Roman ports to resupply. The Dutch look to sign a sepArate agreement with the Egyptians offering them an end of conflict under the conditions of the canal and under the demands that Reformed Christians be allowed unlimited access to the Holy Land. (mod response, please) The Dutch once more request that the Austrians enter talks over the concession of Luxemburg to the lowlands. 
 * L'nu Empire: Aggressive inland expansion continues, as cheap fur provides a motivation for settlers. 3000 km are gained this year. Ungava expands south 1000 km, and begins walrus-hunting for ivory.
 * Aksimiki expands 1000 km, while new docks begin construction. Several books arrive from Natigosteg.
 * France: Military, navy and economy are built up. The colony continues expanding and growing by 750 sq km among both colonies The colonies continue growing as expected. The colony of Nouvelle Rouen continues to expand eastward by 750 sq km. The government decides to move on the Dutch reformists by allowing to remain on the French territory, however, putting some taxes for allowing them free passage in French land. However, the French government makes clear that their beliefs are with  Catholicism and that any attempt of violent expansion will be considered as an act of aggression and hence the Dutch-Wallon reformist may be persecuted. The vassalage of Bar ends. The colony in Kenya continues expanding by 500 sq km.
 * D. Burgundy: Military, economy and navy are built up.
 * C. Burgundy: Military, economy and navy are built up.
 * Bourbon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Lorraine: Military and economy are built up.
 * Saluzzo: Military and economy are built up.
 * Sardinia: Military and economy are built up.
 * Andorra:  Military and economy are built up.
 * Africa: Military and economy are built up, the King of Africa dies, and the King of France, Louis XI, is crowned king of Africa as well.
 * Aurienne: Military and economy are built up. The nation expands both west and east toward the colonies of the French.
 * Guaxirenne: The country expands southward and military and economy are built up.
 * Anjou: Military and economy are built up.
 * Vendome: Military and economy are built up.
 * Provence: Military, navy and economy are built up.
 * Alencon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Narbonne: Military, navy and economy are built up.
 * Avignon: Military and economy are built up.
 * French Mali: Military and economy are built up.
 * Savoie: Military and economy are built up.
 * Valois: Military and economy are built up.
 * Bar: Military and economy are built up
 * Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: Economic development continues.
 * Empire of Urdustan:  فضل بچت (Bacata anugraha) continues to rebuild his acquired lands from the Third Treaty of Delhi, building Hindu mosques and Hindu cultural centers before the Islamic ones, so as to prevent overwhelming anger by the Hindus from seemingly favoring the Muslims. However, Islamic buildings and cultural centers are also being rebuilt at this time, but with less importance. Several Urdu merchants continue to sponsor gem mines in the Mogok area of Ava, due to the high concentration of gems such as rubies, sapphires, garnets and moonstones, and the first of many mines begin to return with more successes. Cash crops continue to be grown in large amounts. With our merchants traveling to Ava, Kamarumpa and Arakan regularly, Islam continues to grow in their areas. Financial loans continue to be given to Bahmani and Jaunpur. Merchants also travel exclusively to Multan, Sind, Ladakh, and Kangra. The construction of schools and universities several years ago has led to an increase in scholars and literacy in our nation. Construction of ships based upon Castilian designs, granted to us by them, continues, in order to further our efforts to explore and trade. New crops continue to enter into several plantations, opium and cannabis. With the increasing popularity of wood-block printing, works in Urdu/Hindi are created and stored in large amounts, in order to further cement the change in Urdustan. To continue the conversion of his Sultanate to an Empire, plans for statues and gardens are drawn up, to build a sort of cult of personality around the current emperor, and affirm to the people of Urdustan that he is the leader, and he is the law. Efforts to better the military continue with a mandatory rearming of the noble levies, with the Emperor offering to pay half the costs per noble, and with any noble refusing to do so, being met with increasingly less beneficial trade interaction by other nobles and foreign merchants. The construction of monuments and the plans for a colony are halted due to the actions of the Vijaynagara rebels.
 * Rajya of Orissa (Uṛīsā kē rājya, اڑیسہ کی بادشاہی): Kalua Deva continues to listen to his advisers and bring about several reforms to his nation that make it more Islamic friendly, one of which is new, and calls for the creation of one mosque for each Hindu temple in the name of tolerance, when in reality, his advisers have prescribed this to bring about larger Islamic influence. Training of levies by Bengali advisors continues.
 * Swargadeo of Kamarupa (Grēṭara asama kē rājya, گریٹر آسام کی بادشاہی): Now vassalized by Bengal, the Swargadeo of Ahom continues to receive extensive help in creating viable farmland. They do this by continuing a process of land reclamation in the northern part of the state, which is largely marshy and thinly populated. This process of reclamation begins by using dikes, embankments and irrigation systems. The land reclamation, having been going on for decades, is extremely successful in creating viable farmland for rice, grain and other staple crops, increasing Kamarupa's population and their yearly trade output. Training of levies by Bengali advisors continues.
 * Urdustani  (اردو زمین کی سلطنت, Urdū bhūmi kā sāmrājya) Diplomacy (Needs mod response): We ask the rebellous royal family that has taken over Vijaynagara in the span of less than a year, Tirumala Rama Raya of the Aravidu Dynasty, if he would forsake war and conflict in the name of peace, unity, brotherhood, and prosperity, by integrating his royal family into that of the Urdustani Emperor's, thereby allowing him control over Vijaynagara as monarch, still closely tied to Urdustan, as a personal union with dual monarchs, to allow for Vijaynagara to have a ruler of their own religion, more autonymity (Dear goodness, how is that spelt?), and to preserve the peace and unity of India that existed before this rebellous streak occured in the Hindu zealots of Vijaynagara.
 * In Mississippia, Christophe continues to oversee the transition of the confederation from the SECC to Christianity. Hundreds of French missionaries enter the nation, arriving at major cities like Cahokia, Parkin, Etowah, and Moundville. Construction of a new city at the location of OTL Detroit is still underway. Jean-Frances Desjardin organizes construction of a major roadway. Many medicine men become Christian, and are educated in modern medicine. More European colonists and trappers arrive in the nation. To ensure the validity of his confederation, Christophe offers his sisters in marriage to the highest chiefs of all of his member states. The vassals of the Iroquois, Odawa, Etowah, Parkin, and Moundville all expand their borders as trade pushes them closer to Cahokia and European cultures. The Moundville continue to engage in a small series of wars with the Floridian Seminole people, and begin to gain the advantage in that region.
 * ​Rex asked me to post this for him - Eip the Eagle
 * Vorlayacor:  Corn and bananas continue to be popular crops, fueling expansion in the northwest direction. The shipyards of Nov Xoryan focus primarily on creating defensive ships for the merchant fleet.
 * Roman Empire: The loss of Egypt proves to be a shock to the Empire, and the government and the populace both vow vengeance. Despite this, Theodore III takes his time, realizing that the time for the return is not now. As the Roman armies and the Grigius family of Egypt depart from Alexandria, Theodore III makes plans to enhance the armed forces of the Empire and make them even more efficient and effective on the battlefield. To do this, Dutch officers are hired to train the Empire's forces in volley fire and rotating ranks. As the army begins to learn this process, the nobles and government are impressed with their progress. The navy also continues expanding as frigates and galleons begin to take over carros and carracks in the navy. The army also expands from a force of about 60,000 to one of 90,000, although the new troops will also have to be trained and are not all battle-ready yet. In India, a civil authority is established in the enclave granted by Urdustan, and the enclave becomes a valuable trade center for Roman traders as well as a refuge for the local St Thomas Christians. Christian conversion and cultural change is further encouraged in Cyrenaica, and local levies are raised there to protect against possible Egyptian aggression.
 * Albania: Military expands.
 * Ragusa: Navy and trade expands.
 * Serbia: The military continues to expand as the country is rebuilt.
 * Banche Esterno: The colony continues to expand 10 pixels north and inland respectively.
 * Roanoke: The colony expands north 10 pixels and south 10 pixels, along the coast.
 * The Consulate of Romania: Constantius, now 62, and his brother, Radu, now 61, resume growing the economy and making the military stronger. Trade flourishes across Romania. A second large Cannon Foundry is constructed by a rising weapons firm, known as the Constanta fabrică de Tun. The cannons produced and developed at the factory begin to make the company quite rich and powerful. The company begins to develop a new form of cannons, the Culverini. The new guns are tested on a Sunbeci, and prove to be exceptionally accurate for naval guns. However, the large Culverini are too heavy for the smaller Sunbeci. More work must be done to refine the cannons, but they are developing well. A redesigned Culverini, the Demi-Culverini is tested on a Sunbeci. The test is extremely positive as the redesigned cannons are smaller and much more portable than the full size Culverini. The Sunbeci continue to be developed, the craft is tested and exceeds expectations. The navy requests funding to pay for a fleet of 50 to be built over the next few decades, the project is rescheduled to finish in 1576 due to the war in Anatolia. Each ship will displace 200 tons, and carry 40 cannons of varying length and caliber. More disputes occur in the senate. There is much distrust in the Senate, a majority of the senators hold Mircea in contempt as the young man acts with spoiled impunity. Aside from the politicking of the capital much work is put into strengthening bonds with Transylvania, and thousands of Romanians travel to the new province. Hungarians are asked to leave Transylvania, their cost of passage to be paid in part by Romania. At the same time many Romanians, still within Hungary, and fearing persecution, flee to the safely of Romania. Pressure from Catholics in Transylvania begins to mount, as religious diversity leads to some conflict. Romania begins to exert political pressure on Kiev, (Year 15 of 15) while also providing them with aid after the devastating war. Vladimir, now 35, continues to learn the art of ruling. His sister Lilliana, now 27, continues to search for a suitable husband. Mircea now a young man of 22 begins learning alongside his cousin. Sophia, now 7, continues to her development.
 * The Consulate of Bulgaria: Thousands of Romanians move into the country, seeking cheap and productive land. Meanwhile inter-marriage becomes very common. Bulgarians also begin to migrating to trade towns in Romania to seek more economic opportunities. The economy is improved and times are good.
 * Romanian Somaliland : Trade with India continues, and the cities of Bosaso and Qandala grow slowly.
 * Lombardy: Work continues on the Certosa di Pavia, the Castle Visconteo, and on the extensive Milan Cathedral. We continue training a proper standing army, utilizing Swiss mercenaries and local recruits. With border disputes now settled between the nations of Austria and Switzerland, we continue opening friendly relations with both nations in hopes of repairing our diplomatic relations and protecting our northern border. We continue constructing cogs and galleys to strengthen our navy and protect our interests on the seas. Our turn is dedicated to economy in both our nation and our vassals. Wallis is declared a vassal of our nation, and we continue influencing them.
 * Mansurryian Sultanate: Centralization continues under the Interim Government of the Grand Council as the Third Great Mansurryian Purge continues. We also continue to push into Safavid land with the Damascas-lead collation.
 * Scandinavian Empire: Enraged by the Lenni Lenape, Scandinavia provides guns and other weapons to New Gotland. While they do not encourage war, they seek the punishment of the Lenape. People are told to check their targets, however, as angering even more natives is not something King Nikolaus wants. As the year progresses, Scandinavia increases its military, fitting ships with Gustav riggings.
 * |onte: Continues to have a large surplus of grains and rice. Though adopting "western farming", the idea of "the tribe" is still very much so alive, as people always share the crops they have grown, or the animals they have hunted amongst the community. Due to the policy of planting tree groves, desert reclamation has started taking serious effect in some parts of |onte. This year has resulted in fifty elephants being killed. The new expansion to the elephant pen is completed. |onte's population rises to over 157,000. There is a population centre that is beginning to appear around the mouth of the Kunene, and is simply referred to as Kunene. Mon IV continues his expansion north 150 sq km (3 pixels) with the newly equipped Eheresito hu Kunene. Mon III continues combining the many narratives heard into one coherent story, called the Sahaka, and takes on the project of Mon II. Mon V brings books from |onte to !Xoonte as a gift, and a few gifts of ivory hoping to improve relations with their King, and spread |on culture. Mon V teaches the King and many surrounding people how to read and speak literary |on. Mon V also asks the King of !Xoonte for an alliance, referring to him as a Rikisi of !Xoonte. (mod response) Mon VI's continues training recruits, with the help of his grandfather for the Ehersito hu Suida. Mon VI buys more of the snaphaunces to equip the new elite corps.

1563
'''A rebellion breaks out in Norfolk, England comprised of poor farmers protesting the enclosure of land in southern England. Led by a local yeoman by the name of John Crome, the rebels destroy several fences built by wealthy landowners before making camp on Mousehold Heath, where they number 16,000 men. Unable to feed such a large group, they lead an attack on the city of Norwich in an attempt to raid the city’s markets and food reserves. After a lengthy bombardment, the rebels charge the city by swimming the Wensum between the Cow Tower and Bishops Gate, managing to gain access into the city. With the city of Norfolk now in rebel hands, demands are sent to the government in London demanding that public lands and rivers be open for use by all, that landowners be required to charge fair rent, and that enslaved men be let free, among other items. '''

'''Mapuche natives raid Spanish settlements on the western coast of Hesperia, razing one large settlement to the ground. An attempt to land in the area by sea and take back the area fails after severe storms force them to return north, while an attack by land consisting of sixty horsemen plus guides and porters is repulsed. '''

'''A large fire breaks out in Eindhoven, Netherlands destroying the majority of residential housing and city fortifications, leaving many in poverty or homelessness. '''

The word “Negro” as a term for African slaves and inhabitants is coined in Spain and Portugal and becomes a popular term used within the slave trade among several European nations and colonial powers.

'''Groups of Torres Strait Islanders settle in Cape York and Papua. They use their superior weaponry and boats to hold sway over the local populations, using many as slaves to work on their small farms. These are essentially Torres Strait Islander colonies. '''


 * Trier: We dedicate this turn to economy, as do Jülich, Zweibrücken and our vassals. The states around us are influenced, including Berg. Trade routes are established, opening trade among Hesse, Cologne, and Austria and her vassals. To improve infrastructure we begin building several defenses, and roads to link towns across the nation. Fortifications around our capital are improved and updated. The University of Trier is expanded.
 * Hamburg-Mecklenburg: Military and economy built up. Neu Braunschweig, Williamsburg and Neu Hamburg expand 20 px. Neu Lüneburg expands 20 px south east. An expeditionary force of roughly 1500 men is sent to aid Emperor Dietrich should he choose to retake Norfolk.
 * County of Holstein: Infrastructure expanded.
 * Duchy of Stade: Infrastructure expanded.
 * Prince-Archbishopric of Münster: Infrastructure expanded.
 * Ostland (al-Sumal): Military and economy expanded. Expands 20 px north.


 * Damascan Sultanate: Sulimen, the official Sultan of the Damascan Sultanate sends support to the Safavids, to fight them, and to Anatolia to help the rebels and convince them to join back into the sultanate. Sulimen II now at the age of 20 begins training to become a regent sultan, and takes over in Kurdistan. Sulimen takes charge of the Damascan Sultanate.. He does exceedingly well with speeding the restoration of Damascus, and promoting much migration to the great city. We cease vassalizing Makuria and Alodia. Damascus now numbers 267,000. Damascus has grown huge now, and continues to as it is now the  largest city in the Damascan Sultanate. The military is expanded. The government has not fallen as it has undergone change in leadership, a new location, and a new name, although has changed the titles, but not the heart. Antioch's population grows to 177,000. Sulimen II requests the marriage to Shana, a Dutch-Bengali Princess. Sulimen III is passed on command of the Imperial forces in Anatolia, and begins aiding the rebels, to fight the Imperial Roman influences. With our new lands in Persia, we begin expanding their infrastructure, in order to build a strong industry and forts and towns. We begin vassalizing Judea/Jerusalem (Two of Four). Centralization begins. The people begin rallying to Islam. Arabs and Turks alike, although on somewhat neutral terms seem to be getting along. Although most of the Sultanate sees itself as an Arabic nation, the Turks begin slowly migrating to the Tartary, as a known haven for Turks. The Sultan, Sulimen offers trading rights, and hopefully an alliance down the path to the Tartary.
 * Karamanian Sultanate (vassal of the Damascan Sultanate): Karaman finally pushes the last of the Greeks out and into Izmir and Burdur. More Arabs flock to Karaman. Military expands as a small city is beginning to form in Karaman, it is called by Kabubekr. It boasts a number of around 55,000. The vassal begins centralization and slowly begins merging into the Damascan Sultanate.
 * Diyabakir (vassal of the Damascan Sultanate): The vassal sends more support to Ankara in order for it to not slip into rebel hands. Military is expanded, and troops are sent to Ankara to kill any Greek or a few Turkic rebels which would force the state to question itself. More Turks flock to the Tartary, as more Arabs are slowly moved into Diyabakir.
 * Ankara (vassal of the Damascan Sultanate): Turks and Arab citizens are requested to show people whom have betrayed the land and are acting as spies. The infrastructure is expanded as reparations are made on devastated neighborhoods and towns. The revolts and rebellions begin to stop. Ankara's population suffers as Greeks and Christians move to Bursa and Azkridesha. Turks go to the Tartary. Small amounts of Arabs move into Ankara.
 * Kurdistan (annexed territory of Safavid Empire): The Turks begin to slow their chaotic behavior with the leverlocked equipped Janissaries entering the newly conquered territory. As an Arab nation now begins to enter the land with good Turk relation the people seem to be more happy. With the royal family hung, the vassal begins establish Sulimen II as its new ruler who sees over the large new land in Persia. The infrastructure expands. Centralization begins.
 * Azirbejian (vassal of the Damascan Sultanate): The new lands offer the northern province to the Tartary, due to their good relations and acceptance and tolerance of Islam. Infrastructure expands. Centralization begins.
 * Portugal: Continues a notable buildup in military strength and allows for a vigorous training program on the existing military forces attempting to train them up heavily. Meanwhile, the administration continues to be reformed, and agriculture and commerce are encouraged. Meanwhile, Portugal continues to develop its navy. Meanwhile, the colony in Lenhame continues exporting wheat to Portugal. Meanwhile, trade intensifies in the African coast. The Açores continue to be settled. Meanwhile, the naus continue being used. Naval explorations directed to the west continue. Meanwhile, Santa Cruz expands north by 2500 sq km. Meanwhile, sugarcane continues to be planted in Santa Cruz. Meanwhile, pau-brasil (brazilwood) starts to be extracted in the colony. Meanwhile, the colony of São Sebastião expands 2500 sq km.
 * |onte: Continues to have a large surplus of grains and rice. Though adopting "western farming", the idea of "the tribe" is still very much so alive, as people always share the crops they have grown, or the animals they have hunted amongst the community. Due to the policy of planting tree groves, desert reclamation has started taking serious effect in some parts of |onte. This year has resulted in fifty elephants being killed. The new expansion to the elephant pen is completed. |onte's population rises to over 167,000. There is a population centre that is beginning to appear around the mouth of the Kunene, and is simply referred to as Kunene. Mon IV continues his expansion north 150 sq km (3 pixels) with the newly equipped Eheresito hu Kunene. Mon III continues combining the many narratives heard into one coherent story, called the Sahaka, and takes on the project of Mon II. Mon V brings books from |onte to !Xoonte as a gift, and a few gifts of ivory hoping to improve relations with their King, and spread |on culture. Mon V teaches the King and many surrounding people how to read and speak literary |on. Mon VI's continues training recruits, with the help of his grandfather for the Ehersito hu Suida. Mon VI buys more of the snaphaunces to equip the new elite corps.
 * Prussia: The Prussians continue repair the damage caused to Neu Pommern. The Prussians continue expanding the colony.
 * Courland: The Curonians also continue developing their economy.
 * Estland: Estland also continues developing their economy.
 * Hispania: The Spanish populace reaches about 13.9 million and growing thanks to the addition of the Aragonian populace and other growth. The economy, thanks to the aggressive colonialism, continues to expand immensely and the Spanish economy becomes the most powerful in Europe passing the French economy by leaps and bounds with the massive influx of gold, silver and jewels contributing heavily and its administration preventing heavy inflation of the Spanish economy. The armed forces continue their push to remain the most modern and begins to build a host of new ships to replace older ones which are sold to its vassals, trade companies and other territories of the Empire. The Spanish continue to escort major trade convoys with warships to increase likelyhood of surviving. and investigation into the criminal underworld is undertaken to find out who hired these privateers. Their first acts are to create a law system dealing with voting restricting it to the landed people and certain merchants but leaving it open to change with later amendments. The Parliament - also with authority of the queen - splits executive power between the Parliament and the monarchy. Finally, the Parliament creates the Colonial Administration Authority, which is a dedicated office to managing the colonies with offices in each colony and a budget dealing with expansion, maintenance and protection. The Colonial Administration authority seeing massive success in organizing the creation of a new colony in Borealias West Coast, and the West African campaign Parliament grants the CAA the ability to create the Colonial Military administration in order to keep tabs on colonies armed forces, garrisons and other protectorates armed forces as well. Hispania adopts the Italian Built Auditore Gun into its arsenal for its great penetration, huge shock effect, and ability to shoot longer than the Dutch gun, at the expense of weight, reload time, and the occasional explosive misfire. Emperor Phillip of Hispania officially names the day of his mothers death a national holiday. The first semblance of a more fair contitution of rights are passed by Parliament expanding further rights and representation to the Citizens of Spain. We agree to the Netherlands previous request. With the attacks on thge West coast the people in this area stage a counteroffensive along with nearly 500 Spanish troops that arrived from chile. The disloyal mapuche in the area are fully wiped out after a more secret and undercover operation using native agents gave away many positions of the Mapuche raiders. All in all nearly 300 of these raiders and natives are killed. The Spanish pay those mapuche who stayed loyal and served with them and award with a higher standing in the Spanish eyes.
 * Kingdom of Italy:  Italy reaches its troops amount of 30,000 with it being armed and trained by Spanish troops in tactics. The Italian army is expanded moderately with some naval ships being purchased to replace losses. However, the Invulnerable Spanish army discourages any from speaking their mind and most deal with the relatively benevolent rule of the Spanish. The population of the Kingdom of Italy reaches about 13.3 million with growth falling short due to many men being killed in the war. The Italian navy reaches nearly 200 ships and growing. The people of Italy begin to see Spain as much more benevolent than before and are more than happy with Spanish rule. However, this also may have to do with the fact that many nobles have been replaced with Spaniards or loyal Italians who helped Spanish forces in the invasion. Some Hispanicized Italians (Italians who have adopted Spanish culture) are allowed to settle in the Spanish colonies. Some smaller towns and cities in coastal italy see the first real merging of Spanish and Italian culture. The Kingdom of Italy shows a new prominent gun maker known as Ferdinand Auditore, a man of Mixed Spanish and Italian descent. His musket, known as "The Devils Breath" or the Auditore Gun due to its massive signature ball of fire coming from the gun as it fires, is delivered as a prototype to the monarch of Spain. This snaplock musket when tested outperformed the current Dutch weapon in many aspects, but was also a bit heavier, and some defects caused the weapon to explode near the end of the gun causing minor harm to the User.
 * Savoy: Savoy is stabilized. The Savoyan people accept their new overlords as the increased trade has left traders and many other with much more money than they had before. The economy, thanks to trade with Spain, expands moderately but much is spent rebuilding Savoy from the conflict. Savoy agrees to cede portions of territory to France due to the war and many people in Savoy are angered but powerless. The rulers of Savoy - realizing that inclusion into the Spanish empire is much better than being a target of it - manage to pacify the populace and begin to rebuild raising a small force of about 10,000 to handle security. The people of Savoy begin to work toward building up a trade fleet now at 120 ships.
 * Genoa: Now being free of Italy, but now a vassal of Spain, Genoa looks to rebuild its trade empire under the rising Spanish empire. The Genoan people and traders widely consider this to be a turning point with their people and begin to push for the mass acquisition of trade ships to rebuild their trade empire. Genoa begins to expand its military moving up to nearly 8000 troops with 5000 Spanish troops housed in Genoa. The Genoan people more than not show welcoming attitudes toward the Spanish as they have felt relatively oppressed by the Italians. However, some Genoans remain disenfranchized with the Spanish but the reputation of invincibility of the Spanish army makes any attempt at independence a far cry from possibility. These people more than not decide to find ways to live under the Spanish empire in a more prosperous way, by establishing multiple trade companies. These companies begin to be common throughout Spanish lands as the Genoans begin to build up a trade fleet of a sizable amount now at 100 ships.
 * Kingdom of Morocco: The country begins the construction of various canals and cultivates trees farther inland to help increase arable farmland. The Moroccan economy continues to expand with greater trade coming from Spain and the Canaries all the way down to Capo Verde increasing the relative wealth. The Kingdom, with many canals having been completed, has vastly expanded its farmland among other things. Morocco's total population is 1.4 million with Christianity becoming dominant in the area. The Moroccan Assassins Guild forms and spreads keeping the peace and killing the corrupt as well as making Morocco much more peaceful for Spain. The Moroccan navy increases to nearly 130 ships. Morocco's economy continues to boom as the major canal projects have turned some of Morocco's harshes areas into incredibly useful farmland and for the first time in recorded history the area is covered in green farmland, trees, and grasses. The Kingdom of Morocco begins to push towards expanding further down the coast looking to gain approval from Spain
 * Kongo: The Kingdom begins to work toward a trade and production economy focusing on helping provide resources for Castile's burgeoning West African trade network. The King of the Kongo converting to Christianity and being baptised begins to call for the expansion of ports to the best of the Kongolese architects' abilities. The Kingdom of the Kongo in an attempt to increase economic output and trade begins to export a large amount of raw materials to Castile and begins to push toward heavy exploitation methods. The Kongo, unable to expand any farther up the river and with sizeable amounts of territory lost to local inland tribes, abandons a large amount of territory with no intent in coming years to reclaim but maintains that the entirety of the river and its basin is under the jurisdiction and claim of the Kongo and its Hispanian monarchs.
 * Mapuche: The Mapuche people begin to see the first mixed children between Spanish and Mapuche people. The Spanish institute the Ecomienda system. However, the Spanish governor, in order to keep control of the people, orders the Spanish heads of the system to treat the natives fairly in order to prevent mass deaths from overworking and resentment. Spanish farming techniques have definitely prevented starvation as the Mapuche continue to expand toward the coast building a road to connect it all. The Spanish governor, also using the local Mapuche as scouts, is able to expand much more than the Buenos Aires colony and uses this to his advantage to secure more land to be able to turn over to Spanish settlers. The Royal Governor ramps up expansion for some of the new plantation owners setting up expanding the the territory by 2500 sq km.
 * Morelia: The former Mayan kingdom is renamed Morelia by the royal governor to reflect its new Spanish culture as thousands of settlers have settled in the major cities with the population reaching about 675,000 in total with a large amount of traders and people from across Europe reaching an insightful priest says that destroying the cities will result in long term resentment that could never be repaired and instead they should be made Spanish-Maya hybrid. The new Royal Governor seeing wisdom in this declares that the cities will not be ransacked and a moderate tribute of gold and silver is demanded by the Spanish. The 2000 troops remain in the country and begin to establish areas along the coast suitable for Spanish settlement. The military and economy of the Maya under Spain is developed and roads are upgraded to Spanish standards. The Spanish begin to sponsor settlers in Morelia to begin expanding on the continent down the coast. (2500 sq km). The Spanish troops are brought from all over the region equaling nearly 5000, with 1000 being regulars, 3000 being troops formerly used in the conflict, and another 1000 opportunist settlers looking to make more money are used against the Mayan revolters with great effect. The Spanish troops continue to push through and wipe out remaining rebels clearing out the highlands by the end of the year.
 * Aztecs: With full control of the Aztec now reverting to the Spanish the Spanish begin to implement their Ecomienda system from the Mapuche in the south to the Aztec areas to extract gold and silver. Along with this many of the remaining Aztec people become infected decreasing population further. The economy of the Aztecs becomes entirely reliant on the Spanish Empire and the military remains non-existent with areas being occupied by Zapotec and remaining Spanish forces. However, its garrison is made up of Spanish forces who are settling the territory. Almost 5000 Spaniards come to the Aztec nation. The royal governor is appointed and after conversation with Morelias governor decides eventually he will embark on a large expansion campaign up the Mexican area. The Aztecs expand by 2500 sq km. The Colonial authority sends a fleets of settlers north to the colony of San Francisco.
 * Kingdom of Venezia: With the establishment of the Kingdom of Venezia following the previous war and with the loss of a large portion of the fleet the Venezian people seem to believe that much can be rebuilt through utilization of the dynamically rising Spanish empire for its own benefit. The businessmen and high level economists, bankers and multiple other fully knowledgeable individuals of Venezia remaining after the war go on a trip to Spain's vibrant trade cities and after careful negotiations many of these men take over one of Spain's newest rising trade companies, the Buenos Aires trade company, with some offices based out of the Buenos Aires colony in Hesperia. The Venezians, unable to select a king from their remaining nobles, delegate to the Queen of Spain (Castile and Aragon) who chooses a man named Antonio Lo Grato to rule as Prince of Venice in place of the Queen of Spain. A well acclaimed and respected man, he immediately enacts reforms. The Venezian economy with access to the Spanish economy begins to recover and for the first time in years due to this. The Venezians begins its long road to naval recovery and begins to use its vast knowledge to begin building ships not only for itself but acquires the blueprints to improve on Spanish ships to allow for sale back to the Queen. The Venezian military is also raised to a token force of about 10,000 due to its location but remains lightly armed and unable to project power or fight any unsupported offensives. The Prince of Venezia, Antonio, begins the drift toward Spanish culture.
 * Viceroyalty of New Spain: The Viceroyalty of new Spain is established with a massive amount of coastal territory secured begins to expand its major settlements seriously with Buenos Aires maintaining the most with nearly 40,000 people and growing The colony proper reaches nearly 450,000 in population seeing large amounts of Colonial immigration now from both Spain and Hispanicized Italians. The Viceroy implements the first cattle ranches (they are not modern ranches) in order to expand the food supply of the large colony. The Spanish inhabitants of the colonies form their first militia under command of a Spanish officer which is trained only to fight off native attacks. The Colony specifically expands 70 px  The viceroyalty seems extremely happy with the colonial status and support it's received from Spain as well as the massive re-investment for the betterment of the colony giving a huge boost to the construction of a few forts and a road system. The first ships begin to arrive from Spain African colonies bringing goods and a few slaves. Ranching is taken up by men previously accustomed to this in Spain. A colonial militia made up of nearly 3000 colonists and another 200 Spanish troops embarks on another attack on Natives in the Uruguay area coincidentally finding nearly 100 natives themselves engaged in conflict with others. These natives are revealed to be Converts to christianity and are helped and brought back to the Colony to show the good the Spanish missionaries are doing.
 * Cape Ferdinand: The Cape Ferdinand colony expands its population hoping to attract more settlers. The population of Cape Ferdinand reaches 35,000 colonists. The area itself begins to show up as a trade hub. Zulu Africans in the area begin being contacted with missionaries looking to speak to these people.
 * San Francisco: The new colony of San Francisco sees limited immigration but has become a sort of hub for Colonial adminstration fleets coming through the area to trade and explore as well as a staging point for those looking to sail to the Philippines hoping to reach them via the Pacific Ocean. The colony itself expands by 5 px. The colony's population reaches around 3000. expeditions are sent though into the interior and places such as the San Lorenzo Valley are discovered and claimed but remain unsettled.
 * Philippines: Spanish continue to establish majority control over the area through trade and other means. The Spanish then begin to send in a royal governor who makes plans to expand the island nation, and begins work on its economy and military to do so. Gold and silver from Spain is sent to facilitate buying materials to build up the area as the Philippines are garrisoned by mercenaries hired by Spain and nearly 300 of Spain's most well trained troops. The Philippines is built up as a massive trade and naval base and a fleet of Spanish ships sent from here make the first trip to Central Borealia with Spain becoming the first nation to connect a trade route along the entire planet.
 * Protectorate of Oyo:  From any of the disenfranchised troops are recruited who are more than happy to act as a military force over the people that once ruled them. The economy of the area is turned toward an extraction economy as the nobility in the area is replaced with Spaniards, some Italians and a few opportunistic African people. This leads to unusually harsh system of the Econmienda in the areas run by opportunists. The Colonial Military Administration under the Authority establishes a fiercely loyal force of nearly 10,000 troops who were downtrodden by the previous rulers or who were entirely oppressed and enslaved. The training of these troops is handled by Spanish officers who along with retinues of a few hundred troops give the troops drills in superior warfare. The census of the protectorate reveals a population of about three-to-five million but due to fluctuating numbers from all the European territories the numbers remain uncertain.
 * Chile: With the Incan protectorate conquering the Chiribaya peoples some small portion of territory is given to the Spanish who establish Chile run by Spanish traders and a small offshoot of the Incan Colonial administration office. The area's name gains its source from a Mapuche word meaning ends of the earth but is corrupted by the Spanish into the name "Chile" The small populace of the locals is evaluated and are immediately joined by a few hundred Spanish settlers who begin to establish some terraced farms and a small town. The area is militarily supported by the CMA located in the Inca and a force of about 1500 is used to maintain order in the area. The Chilean royal governor along with the Colonial authority begins to increase the economy of the area and is planning on a period of expansion coming up in the next few years. Chile begins its first year of expansion south heading 2500 sq km south to meet up with the Spaniards which used the Mapuche for their own expansion for Pacific ports.
 * East African Protectorates: With Madagasikara becoming fully under Hispania, Madagasikara and her vassals are consolidated under the Colonial Administration Authority as the East African protectorates. These nations remain fully semi-autonomous under their own governments and do not answer to Madagasikara, but to Hispania and her Colonial Administration Authority. The Colonial Authority makes it a major directive in the area to keep these states happy, and sends gifts of money to each of the protectorate states, and encourages the expanded trade of the local league to boost economy. The Protectorates each maintain about three-to-five separate small to moderately sized independent armed forces nearing a force of about 30,000 total between all the protectorates and are used for local peacekeeping, and promoting better relations between all the states. This military is also outfitted with older Spanish equipment and is trained in older but still effective tactics. With colonial Authority in place, and the Colonial Military Administration keeping the areas from devolving into a regional arms race between the protectorates the area is effectively administered as a singular entity under the Administration, with each state keeping its local culture, customs, and minor armed forces. The Colonial Military Administration does take extra care in keeping these forces loyal and small, having more to gain by serving with Spain rather than for nationalistic purposes. The Administration, however, knowing that overextension in the area may become an issue later draws up secret plans (in Spain so locals can't find out about them) to release these nations as friendly allied client/satellite states to prevent other further issues from arising in the area.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist, Neo-Confucian and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo and Ulsan.
 * Marrikuwuyanga Empire: The wheat surplus had steadily increased which had allowed the Marrikuwuyanga to increase their population. The Marrikuwuyanga continued their trade with the Dutch East India Company after the Supreme Council of Twelve had allowed the Dutch to create a trade outpost [1 px] at West Timor. The Marrikuwuyangan economy was steadily growing after the shock it had faced when the Ayutthaya faced rebellion. The Marrikuwuyangan economy was the strongest in the region and hundreds of men from other tribal states would migrate to Marrikuwuyanga annually to live in better conditions. The Marrikuwuyanga now produced muskets in large number, although training in using spears was still provided. The development of a cannon brought a new era for the Marrikuwuyangans who had never seen such a decisive weapon. The navy is developed. Smallpox had finally come to an end and the people returned to their normal lives. The construction of a university had started with the aid of the Dutch. Anti-Gulalin sentiment continued to increase as many questioned whether the man they worshipped as a god was the vessel of Emperor Yada Gulpilil's soul or not. Attempts to revolt had, however, largely failed due to the strong grip the Emperor had on the state but mostly because no one had the will to revolt especially after the devastating disease. After extensive work on developing the living standards of the people since the time of Emperor Benelong Gulpilil, the Emperor Gulalin had successfully managed to replace almost all of Marrikuwuyangan grass huts with either mud huts (56%) or mud brick houses (44%). The Emperor, however, did not receive much praise on this accomplishment for the people were much busier, planning to overthrow the Emperor. This anti-Gulalin sentiment was mostly concentrated at the Tiwi islands and coastal areas. Meanwhile, the Marrikuwuyangan military shocked at the treatment of the Guinea tribes by the Torres Strait Island tribes almost immediately withdraw from southern Guinea, leaving behind 40-60 muskets in the haste. The Emperor Gulalin Gulpilil is informed of the tribes, who the military leaders fear are the army of the demon, Charaka. (Dead Chairacha I of the Kingdoms of Ayutthaya. According to the Marrikuwuyangan religion Yadaism, the Ayutthaya are demons)For this reason, the Emperor orders the military commander of Timor to arrive at Guinea and get families to settle there, and unknowingly come into contact with the Torres Strait tribes of which the Timorid military has no knowledge.
 * Timor: The extensive work on developing Timor's navy and military had proved beneficial after the Dutch had started providing the Marrikuwuyanga with their warships for the Marrikuwuyanga to examine and build. A great majority of Marrikuwuyangan warships were present at Timor with most of them having more than 40 cannons present. With merchants and now clergy arriving to Timor from the Mataram Sultanate, Islam started to spread among the natives. One of the member of the Supreme Council of Eight who himself had converted to Islam made sure the Emperor was not informed of the spread of the Abrahamic religion. Many ships carrying soldiers, priests and farmers arrive at South West Guinea to settle in the region. The natives of Guinea who try to oppose the Marrikuwuyanga are attacked and enslaved, with the Marrikuwuyanga now following similar methods as the Torres Strait Island tribes.
 * Mudbarra:vExtensive work on developing Gurindji continued. Many men were hired as mercenaries for the assassination of various tribesmen. Meanwhile, a large military camp had been constructed for the training of many men. The smallpox had killed a great number of people and the fact that it had taken place just a few years after the Mudbarra pledged alliance to the Marrikuwuyanga made many people think the Marrikuwuyanga were demons and that they (Mudbarra) were punished for helping demons, thus anti-Gulalin sentiment continued to increase among the natives. Mil Turn and Eco Turn
 * Gurindji: Extensive work on developing Gurindji continued. Plans were being made to construct a University for the people. Meanwhile, a large military camp had been constructed for the training of many men. The smallpox had killed a great number of people and the fact that it had taken place just a few years after the Gurindji pledge alliance to the Marrikuwuyanga made many people think the Marrikuwuyanga were demons and that they (Gurindji) were punished for helping demons, thus anti-Gulalin sentiment continued to increase among the natives. Mil Turn and Eco Turn
 * France: Military, navy and economy are built up. The colony continues expanding and growing by 750 sq km among both colonies The colonies continue growing as expected. The colony of Nouvelle Rouen continues to expand eastward by 750 sq km. The government decides to move on the Dutch reformists by allowing to remain on the French territory, however, putting some taxes for allowing them free passage in French land. However, the French government makes clear that their beliefs are with  Catholicism and that any attempt of violent expansion will be considered as an act of aggression and hence the Dutch-Wallon reformist may be persecuted. The vassalage of Bar ends. The colony in Kenya continues expanding by 500 sq km.
 * D. Burgundy: Military, economy and navy are built up.
 * C. Burgundy: Military, economy and navy are built up.
 * Bourbon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Lorraine: Military and economy are built up.
 * Saluzzo: Military and economy are built up.
 * Sardinia: Military and economy are built up.
 * Andorra:  Military and economy are built up.
 * Africa: Military and economy are built up, the King of Africa dies, and the King of France, Louis XI, is crowned king of Africa as well.
 * Aurienne: Military and economy are built up. The nation expands both west and east toward the colonies of the French.
 * Guaxirenne: The country expands southward and military and economy are built up.
 * Anjou: Military and economy are built up.
 * Vendome: Military and economy are built up.
 * Provence: Military, navy and economy are built up.
 * Alencon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Narbonne: Military, navy and economy are built up.
 * Avignon: Military and economy are built up.
 * French Mali: Military and economy are built up.
 * Savoie: Military and economy are built up.
 * Valois: Military and economy are built up.
 * Bar: Military and economy are built up
 * Kingdom of Croatia: Croatia focuses primarily on its economy. Trade routes are strengthened after and the salt mines around Tuzla are explored as well as the salt industry in Pag and Nin. Using irrigation from the Danube, Sava, Drava, Drina, Cetina, Una, Vrbaš, Kupa, Neretva and other rivers the fields in the kingdom are developed, used for crops such as wheat, rye and barley. With trade routes increasing and Croatia entering an era of peace and of stability, the development of new trade ships is issued. Both the Ban and the King begin supporting urbanization and the spread of free cities, much to the disagreement of the Sabor. The Brothers of the Raven continue spreading their influence in Croatia. Stone mining is furthered as well as the timber industry. The need for these resources rises as urbanization carries on. The navy, under command of the King, his Ban and the First Admiral is developed due to the purchase of Britannic ships which are inspected and introduced into the Royal War Navy of Croatia or HKRM (Hrvatska Kraljevska Ratna Mornarica). The King, seeing that his daughter is frail and regularly ill, sends her to the Brothers of the Raven near the Lake Vrana, who are known for their care of the sick. There she is regularly visited by the son of Ban Nelipić, the young Božidar. The King, wishing to strengthen the loyalty of the Croats, supports the renaissance artists in Croatia, hoping to drive out any Hungarian stains on the the beautiful Croatian culture. Focusing mostly on the Dalmatian dialect, the King hopes to unify his people through a standardized language.
 * County of Oldenburg: The economy improves due to the roll-on effects of the fortification in Neu Norderney. In said colony, a missionary monk by the name of Theobald Groschmann is killed by natives during his annual "proselytisation campaign" through the colony.
 * Prince-Bishopric of Osnabruck: Realising that the local economy cannot cope much longer without the students, the Prince-Bishop issues a decree absolving all the students of their sins and stating that students at the university will not only be immune from civil courts, but will also be permitted to carry swords for protection. In other news, upon hearing of Brother Theobald Groschmann's martyrdom, the Prince-Bishop implores the Pope to canonise Brother Theobald as a saint and a martyr. 
 * Malaccan Sultanate: We ask Urdustan to join the UIN as we believe we can benefit eachother and that it further strengthens the muslim people. The military is worked on these turns. European style ships continue production. We continue influencing burnei (18 of 20). We begin to produce more snaphauncers to sell to other members of the UIN. The Sultan has a second son.
 * Fusahito Theocracy: The Theocracy begins to enter a golden age of trade, with the opening up of the Chinese markets along with the recent drop in import and export duties in Chinese ports. Japanese merchants continue to build a trade presence in the Spice Islands to the South, trading mainly with the Dutch and indigenous tribes. A benefit also begins to become apparent from the newly formed alliance with the Sultanate of Malacca, providing a cheaper source of spice than from the Dutch colonies. Econ turn. Unrest in the southern part of the archipelago is entirely quashed after the appeasement of local nobility over the past two years, who now see the benefits in rule from Kyoto. Work continues financing the construction of Shinto temples and shrines throughout Korea, with the Emperor advocating the spread of Shinto from the shores of Japan. The military, also, is not neglected, with the second Fusahito Emperor working toward continuing his father's dream of a strong Imperial navy to protect against an attack by sea and, more importantly, to keep open vital trade roots. These efforts of building new ships and financing development begins to weight the military in the favour of the navy rather than the army. Although the army continues to play a role in defence, with the continuation of the training of troops with newly purchased Dutch weaponry, the navy becomes the main concentration of Fusahito might. Priests from the Theocracy continue to usurp control of the Uesugi Daimyo. Seven of Eight.
 * Tawatinsuyu: Economy improves. The Inca government begins to quash the National's attacks against the Empire. Roughly 7% of the Inca population supports the nationals, with another 60% supporting the government. The remaining 30% are neutral. Population across the empire hits 946,000. Chimu remains the largest city in the empire (117,000) with Qusqo coming in second (90,000), followed by Peru (22,000), Machu Picchu (20,000) and Sican (15,000). Chimu and Sican remain isolated culturally when compared with the rest of the empire. The Inca begin to push east as well. The areas taken in the push east are orginzied into the Willkapampa Wamani. The areas between the Wanka Wamani and Chimorsuyu are also incorporated into the empire.The soliders sent to France are to train in the art of seafaring, as the Treaty of Chan Chan requires France to aid in the creation of the Inca Navy. The total size of the army hits 29,000. In Aymarasuyu, several free Aymara people are fed up with the way their kinsmen have been treated under the Inca. As a result, they orgnize a settelement south of Lake Titicaca, named Aymara Wamani, or refered to as The La Paz Settlement by government officals. The La Paz settelment is allowed a large amount of self rule. Population of the La Paz Settelment hits 6,000. Apeac I gives birth to his first child, a daughter. The name is unknown to the Inca people. The number of districts, or Wamani, in the empire is ten. They are, in decreasing order of population: Hanan Qosqo, Hurin Qosquo, Hurin Nazca, Wanka, Hanan Nazca, Hurin Chimor, Anti Chimor. Aymara, Willkapampa, and La Paz. The four quarters, or Suyu of the empire, in decreasing order of population, are: Cuzco Suyu, Nazca Suyu, Chimor Suyu, and Aymara Suyu.
 * Chiribaya Wamani:  The Inca occupation of Chiribaya ends as a new capital is formed. The Capital is named Chirbaya Qosqo, (Chiribaya Central) and is located in OTL Tacna. Population of the nation hits 75,000. The Army of Chiribaya Wamani is formed, replacing the old Chiribaya War Band. Economy improves. Chiribaya Qosqo is developed and the City of New Gibraltar is founded in OTl Monquegua. Population of Chiribaya Qosqo hits 8000, while the population of New Gibraltar hits 3000.
 * Russia: This turn in Moscow and all vassals is officially dedicated to economy. We begin recovering from the war and rebuild our nation’s infrastructure and defenses. Surprised by the sudden betrayal we faced by our neighbors, we put aside resources for new fortifications and an undated military. Ship production continues, as does trade along our many trade routes.
 * Novgorod: We build up our economy by trading with other Russian states. Our military continues to train troops. Also we expand 10 px north on the island. On the island of лесные участки more cities are being made. More ships are being built for trade and our navy. More land is being set up for farming. Mining is being used more to obtain coal for fuel. Whale hunting is popular sport. Whale oil is used for fueling the lanterns. The timber industry cuts down trees for fuel sources for our homes. We start to farm more land. In each of our cities we start to modernize them to be like European cities.
 * Pskov: Prospers as it builds up its economy even greater than before. The Increased city itself is estimated to have a population of 200,000 people and Nizhnigorodsk-na-narve to have a population of 100,000, although no exact numbers are in existence. Pskov graciously welcomes fleeing merchants from Novgorod, resenting the lack of access to the Baltic and prefering to work in Pskov, all emigrating with their possessions, and non-Germanic Prussians, who are all promised equal treatment in the nation of Pskov. The Pskovian Prince, with the permission of the Veche, orders the creation of three new shipyards to build its increasing navy from. The masters of craft in Pskov become well known throughout the region, The Prefix of SPG is added to the formal names of ships in the Pskovian Navy, standing for "Sudno Pskovskogo gosudarstvo" Pskovian State Ship. and the university once again prospers as a center of learning and knowledge, with a little settlement of its own comprised mostly of students from abroad. Three more schools open in Pskov, and it begins to be refered to as "Petistenniy Kamenniy Gosidar Pskov" (or in translation Five-walled stone sovereign Pskov), a reference to its stone construction, three gate walls and two Kremlin walls, making a total of five rings circling the city. Talk once again surfaces of sailing to the New World, as the city begins a new golden age. The Pskovian-controled "Rysybanks" become the dominant bank in Russia and the Finnish Gulf and a large competitor in the rest of the Baltic, increasing in size in Poland-Lithuania and in Scandinavia and Prussia, with new branches re-appearing in most cities. The three new shipyards are ordered to be founded with their own towns. The Veche decrees that any resident of Pskov lands is free to come to the Veche and vote in it, without limits on ethnicity, sex or social status, as many people have taken to exclude certain people from the Veche after its reconstruction. Pskov is now considered one of the most open cities in Europe. The Veche, in a bold statement to Europe publicly, denounces the practice of slavery, of stealing people from their homes and forcing them and all their descendants into slavery, wherever they may be from (although indentured servitude to solve crises of debt as an alternative to prison is acceptable), and denies slavers any accesss to Pskovian waters, with the prince citing "as we once denounced what happened to Russian Perm, so too will we denounce what is happening to people being enslaved around the world.
 * Empire of Urdustan:  فضل بچت (Bacata anugraha) continues to rebuild his acquired lands from the Third Treaty of Delhi, building Hindu mosques and Hindu cultural centers before the Islamic ones, so as to prevent overwhelming anger by the Hindus from seemingly favoring the Muslims. However, Islamic buildings and cultural centers are also being rebuilt at this time, but with less importance. Several Urdu merchants continue to sponsor gem mines in the Mogok area of Ava, due to the high concentration of gems such as rubies, sapphires, garnets and moonstones, and the first of many mines begin to return with more successes. Cash crops continue to be grown in large amounts. With our merchants traveling to Ava, Kamarumpa and Arakan regularly, Islam continues to grow in their areas. Financial loans continue to be given to Bahmani and Jaunpur. Merchants also travel exclusively to Multan, Sind, Ladakh, and Kangra. The construction of schools and universities several years ago has led to an increase in scholars and literacy in our nation. Construction of ships based upon Castilian designs, granted to us by them, continues, in order to further our efforts to explore and trade. New crops continue to enter into several plantations, opium and cannabis. With the increasing popularity of wood-block printing, works in Urdu/Hindi are created and stored in large amounts, in order to further cement the change in Urdustan. To continue the conversion of his Sultanate to an Empire, plans for statues and gardens are drawn up, to build a sort of cult of personality around the current emperor, and affirm to the people of Urdustan that he is the leader, and he is the law. Efforts to better the military continue with a mandatory rearming of the noble levies, with the Emperor offering to pay half the costs per noble, and with any noble refusing to do so, being met with increasingly less beneficial trade interaction by other nobles and foreign merchants. The construction of monuments and the plans for a colony are halted due to the actions of the Vijaynagara rebels. The Islamitization of Urdustan continues from an increase in missionary activity.
 * Rajya of Orissa (Uṛīsā kē rājya, اڑیسہ کی بادشاہی): Kalua Deva continues to listen to his advisers and bring about several reforms to his nation that make it more Islamic friendly, one of which is new, and calls for the creation of one mosque for each Hindu temple in the name of tolerance, when in reality, his advisers have prescribed this to bring about larger Islamic influence. Training of levies by Bengali advisors continues.
 * Swargadeo of Kamarupa (Grēṭara asama kē rājya, گریٹر آسام کی بادشاہی): Now vassalized by Bengal, the Swargadeo of Ahom continues to receive extensive help in creating viable farmland. They do this by continuing a process of land reclamation in the northern part of the state, which is largely marshy and thinly populated. This process of reclamation begins by using dikes, embankments and irrigation systems. The land reclamation, having been going on for decades, is extremely successful in creating viable farmland for rice, grain and other staple crops, increasing Kamarupa's population and their yearly trade output. Training of levies by Bengali advisors continues.
 * Urdustani  (اردو زمین کی سلطنت, Urdū bhūmi kā sāmrājya) Diplomacy ( Needs mod response ): We ask the rebellous royal family that has taken over Vijaynagara in the span of less than a year, Tirumala Rama Raya of the Aravidu Dynasty, if he would forsake war and conflict in the name of peace, unity, brotherhood, and prosperity, by integrating his royal family into that of the Urdustani Emperor's, thereby allowing him control over Vijaynagara as monarch, still closely tied to Urdustan, as a Personal Union with Dual monarchs, to allow for Vijaynagara to have a ruler of their own religion, more autonymity (Dear goodness, how is that spelt?), and to preserve the peace and Unity of India that existed before this rebellous streak occured in the Hindu zealots of Vijaynagara.
 * In Mississippia, Christophe continues to oversee the transition of the confederation from the SECC to Christianity. Hundreds of French missionaries enter the nation, and having converted most people in major cities like Cahokia, they spread out to the countryside, doing infrastructural improvements along the way. Construction of a new city at the location of OTL Detroit is still underway. Jean-Frances Desjardin oversees the construction of a major system of roadways. Many medicine men become Christian, and are educated in modern medicine. More European colonists and trappers arrive in the nation. The vassals of the Iroquois, Odawa, Etowah, Parkin, and Moundville all expand their borders as trade pushes them closer to Cahokia and European cultures. The Iroquois, Odawa, and Cahokians all begin to converge upon a central location in OTL Ottawa.
 * The Tartary continues the grueling war in Persia, which has taken so many deaths in the war. However, Tehran has fallen, as has Khiva. Many other cities are under siege, and important Persian battlements have been annihilated. Victory seems to be on the sight of the Tartary. In the East, business sort of returns to usual, as the Nivkhs are offered a marriage and protection once again MOD RESPONSE REQUIRED. The population continues growth; in fact, it is one of the highest years of population growth since the end of the Karelian War, as the population this year reaches its thirteen million inhabitants. The imports of the potato, tomato and maize to the nation make wonders in population growth, thanks to their low requirements and their high calorie intake. Emperor Paul turns twelve, with the Emperor being more interested in the learning of Sophocles' and Aeschylus' tragedies and the stories of the Trojan War, rather than the matters of war in Iran. He leaves many matters of rule and diplomacy to the Kurultay, acting as a regency council while the prince reaches his majority, whilst he remains subject to matters of learning. Princess Anna, who is now thirteen, is congratulated by the nuns and priestesses because of her great learning of courtly life. Eight small banners from the Khanate of Bajkal are brought as part of the royal guard, but are sent in the interim south to the war in Iran by the Kurultay.
 * Perm develops its military and its economy. The population grows quickly, as more Komi move into the nation. Perm fortifies its westward borders in case of an invasion by Novgorod.
 * Azov continues the war effort in Iran, although it begins to slow down as the war has mostly been won. Something something Özu-Cale
 * Chernihiv: Develops its military and economy. The population grows.
 * Bukhara: Continues the war. Khiva is seized this year.
 * Netherlands: With the Sunda Revolt finally suppressed reorganization of Sunda begins which is put under the direct administration of Batavia and the company while the title of sultan of Sunda remains a ceremonial title for the noble family which is granted a monthly salary. More native units are raised. However, they are considered inferior to the Indian units recruited from India who have absolute loyaty to the company. Influencing over the southern states of Sumatra continue as well as over east Java who the Dutch start requesting greater trade rights over. The Indian ports grow in importance along the Dutch trade routes as the improve the flow of trade goods from India with the rest of the empire, and allow for products to enter the subcontinent easier. More Indian are recruited to serve in the East India forces. The Dutch offer Malacca a client state agreement which would place the sultanate under Dutch protection and allow the Dutch greater influence in the royal court. However, they would retain complete autonomy and control over their armed forces so long as they stay in line with Dutch Interests in the region. An increase in naval activities in the region also begins as more ships become available in the area, with Batavia as the main port. Efforts to end piracy in the East Indies and solidify Netherlander naval supremacy in the region begins. The Muslim branch of the house of Nassau-Orleans continues to prove very important in the region as they secure loyalty to the royal family within the company. In Europe cultural, economic and scientific growth continues as the Netherlands enter their golden age. The Cities of Amsterdam and Brussels remain the largest cities of the lowlands and their influence over the rest of the lowlands is starting to be seen. Lowland French continues to develop along separate lines then southern French. Lowlands French continues to be important as both French and Dutch are spoken in the upper class and French is used for diplomatic ventures. The University of Brussels continues to flourish and the city itself is recognized as the most beautiful city in the Kingdom with only The Hague, Amsterdam and Namur rivaling it. The Palace of the Orient continues to be an important cultural centre in the city and the Mirza wing is built for the Mirza family to live in should they choose to. The House of Mirza continues to mingle with other European houses and one of the third generations of the house catches the eye of Willem II who begins trying to court her as a mistress. The girl in question, a 17-year old mixed blood named Rudy van Mirza, initially doesn't take to him much. However, his persistence eventually gets her into his bed. Willem continues to delegate more power to the States-General as he dedicates his time to the arts, sciences and other activities of the Upper class and nobility. The Dutch navy is nearly completely remodeled now with 75% of the fleet now with modern ships as the older ones are scutteled or sold to privateers and merchants. The military continues to expand. The States-General offer the Romans support should they decide to suppress the separatist groups. In the New World, the Guiana colony continues to grow as all settlements expand 20 pixels in total along the Amazon, New Rhine Rivers and along the coastline. The Netherlands offers Portugal a treaty establishing the borders between their respective colonies along the Amazon River. Dutch explorers continue to explore the New Rhine and Amazon Rivers charting the lands and waters of the interior. The settlements continue to grow and prosper as more land is set aside for farming and plantations and the cities along the coastline grow as trade grows in the region. Fighting against the natives in the interior intensifies as Dutch-Wallon colonists and explorers push the frontier and establish forts along them. More slaves are sold in the New World and to the Indian states particularly to Urdistan as demand increases. Benin continues to develop as an autonomous part of the Dutch African Empire and the first generation of European educated leaders arises. The tulip quickly becomes popular in the Netherlands particularly in Brussels whichi s the cultural centre of the Lowlands. In support of their Roman allies the Netherlands refuses to accept the independence of the Egyptian state and though the troops are withdrawn home, the Navy retains a solid blockade of the Egyptian and Judean coastline using Roman ports to resupply. The Dutch look to sign a sepArate agreement with the Egyptians offering them an end of conflict under the conditions of the canal and under the demands that Reformed Christians be allowed unlimited access to the Holy Land. (mod response, please) The Dutch once more request that the Austrians enter talks over the concession of Luxemburg to the lowlands.  Efforts to aid thoe left homeless by the reformed church of the lowlands begins. While many decide to try their luck in the New World or serving the east india company.
 * Austrian Diplomacy: We agree to sell Walloon sections of Luxembourg.
 * Austria: This turn in both our nation and the nations of Bohemia, Moravia, Luxembourg, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia, Lusatia, Salzburg, Augsburg, Swabia, Elsaß-Lothringen, Mainz, Palatinate, and our colonial territories and possessions is dedicated to economy. We train and expand our military using new experience from recent wars, and grow our nation economically. In Morocco our position in Melilla is fortified. All fortifications around the region are rebuilt and manned by stationed guards in case of an attack. To protect Melilla the construction of a fortress outside the city is considered, although postponed for now. The port of Melilla is rebuilt to begin operation as a trade port and military outpost. Construction continues on a shipyard in the Melilla port to facilitate the construction and repair of friendly ships. Melilla is granted a permanent naval garrison in the city’s port, to respond to dangers in the area and to support the small garrison on land who mans the fortifications. Our position in Morocco is fortified by re-inforcements, bringing Melilla operational against attacks. For now a small fleet is stationed in its harbor, while its garrison continues to hold the north and its supply lines, supporting our Christian brethren. With much of the Muslim population of Melilla left dead after the war against Morocco, the local government attempts to entice settlers by offering large quantities of land to Christian settlers. Many Europeans, particularly of German descent and/or from central Europe begin settling the area around Melilla. With finances from Augsburg-based banking establishments, the Trieste Company continues to launch expeditions to West Africa. Abrechtburg has grown to a decently sized settlement, supporting a population of farmers, traders and a small garrison of soldiers. The town also houses a well furbished fort, armed with a small amount of cannons intended to defend the settlement and the harbor from any attack. Built out of necessity, the port at Abrechtburg is refurbished and expanded to support more trade ships, and allied countries are welcomed to trade and stay in the town. The second largest settlement in Westenland, Dominusburg, follows suit, finishing the construction of a port similar to Abrechtburg‘s. Trade posts continue to be built and exploited, now numbering several dozen along the coast of Westenland and into allied territory. Our reliance on the Wolof becomes less so, but we sign a trade agreement with their nation to continue our positive relationship. Deals are made with the Wolof for slaves and other goods. Conversion of the natives begin around the settlement. Several ships begin construction in Trieste, Melilla, Corfu, and other ports, to further facilitate and protect overseas trade. Trade is increased with the Grand Duchy of Bavaria and other trade partners, bringing about new avenues of trade and commerce. Expeditions to the New World continue to increase trade with Spanish possessions, establishing a trade route between Westenland and colonies in the Yucatan. Trade posts in the Caribbean are expanded and grow as they become more frequently visited. A trade agreement is signed with the local Nacotchtank people, who we begin to trade goods with. Work also begins on a settlement on Vultsburg, it being the hub of Austrian trade in the south Imperial Sea. The settlement continues to grow and with the construction of a fort complete, the first settlers begin moving to the island. Schlossburg, and the area around it, expands. Settlers explore areas along the large river in the area, which they name the Ehrbar River (OTL Potomac). The Ehrbar settlements begin expanding northwards. A more permanent trade post is established in Schlossburg, with fortifications being complete. The town of Schlossburg is declared the center of the territory of Reichland, which continues to expand.
 * Lombardy: Work continues on the Certosa di Pavia, the Castle Visconteo, and on the extensive Milan Cathedral. We continue training a proper standing army, utilizing Swiss mercenaries and local recruits. With border disputes now settled between the nations of Austria and Switzerland, we continue opening friendly relations with both nations in hopes of repairing our diplomatic relations and protecting our northern border. We continue constructing cogs and galleys to strengthen our navy and protect our interests on the seas. Our turn is dedicated to military in both our nation and our vassals. Wallis is declared a vassal of our nation, and we continue influencing them.
 * Grand Duchy of Bavaria: Bavaria expands its economy. The population continues to rise. Grand Duchess Catherine and her council continues to allow the training of new troops. Several modern warships and trade vessels begin construction at Bremen Port. The Curia Bavaria order the Bavarian Army to be outfitted in modern uniform and to hold modern weaponry. Snapaunche rifles make their introduction in Bavaria. In diplomatic news, Bavaria alliances with Austria, Hamburg, Hispania, Britannia, France, The Netherlands, and Scandinavia. Bavaria has royal ties with Austria, Hamburg, Hispania, Britannia, France, The Netherlands, Scandinavia, Italy, and Venice, and Hesse. In religious news, around 76% of the country adheres to the Western Church. Most adherents live around Munchen and Landshut. In political news, the Curia Bavaria continue to implement the Bavarian Commands and Collegiate Writs into a codified, national law. Catherine is pleased by this development, and becomes less wary of the Parliament. Work on the Parliamentary House finishes in the city of Landshut. The Curia Bavaria formally moves into the Parliamentary House in Landshut. In dynastic news, Grand Duchess Catherine thanks the Hispanic Emperor for allowing the marriage of two of her children to Imperial children. Prince Wilhelm, fourteen years old, is sent to Madrid to marry Princess Elizabeta. Princess Amelia will be sent to Madrid to marry Crown Prince Alejandro in 1565, once she turns fourteen herself. Crown Prince Albert, Catherine's heir, is still set to marry Princess Ingrid of Sweden, sometime around 1565 as well. In domestic news, the Curia Bavaria accomplishes many things this year, most prominent among them is the passage of a monumental law which abolished serfdom. As tremendous as it was, the Abolition Act of 1562 was more of a ceremonial, symbolic law rather than an effective one, mostly because serfdom had already disappeared in Bavaria as of the turn of the century. In HRE news, the daughter of the late Count Albert of Saxony and Thuringia, Adelaide, turns 20 in 1563. Her hand in marriage is offered to the Hessian Crown Prince in accordance to the Hessian Dynasty Act. Once a child is born between the Hessian Prince, Wilhelm, and Adelaide, the child will be of the Wittelsbach dynasty, thus securing a Dynastic Union between Bavaria and Hesse.
 * Duchy of Landshut: Trausnitz continues to be the national capital. Work on the Parliamentary House is completed this year. Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Duchy of Munchen: By 1563, the total class of Queen Isabell University amounts to about 5000 men. Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The Collegiate Writs begin to draw more men to college.
 * Duchy of Straubing: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Duchy of Ingolstadt: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * County Burgau: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * County of Nurnburg: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The Nurnburg Incident continues to remain in memory, having put the country into a startled stupor for the majority of 1561.
 * County of Burggrafschaft: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * County of Bamberg: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * County of Wurzburg: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Duchy of Greater Saxony: Troops authorized by Catherine and Duke Adalbert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Duke Adalbert normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion.
 * Bremen Port: Troops authorized by Catherine continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Several cogs are constructed, and plans are drafted to construct many larger ships.
 * Roman Empire: The military upgrades and reforms are continued this year, as is the expansion of the military to one of more proper size. The army is now able to call upon 100,000 soldiers of varying quality. These troops continue to be trained by Dutch officers in the tactics of rotating ranks and volley fire, and most of the army is now able to use such tactics. The navy also begins to make improvements to its ships, and some frigates and galleons are given better cannons and even Greek Fire throwers as well as compliments of explosive grenades to increase their offensive capabilities. Following the loss of Egypt, the Empire also reflects on the weakness of its colonies, and provides funds and resources to build fortifications in Phoenicia, Socotra, Bahrain, and the Indian enclave. Despite the loss of the canal, the Roman economy fairs well enough to keep the Empire well off, due to an expansion of trade in China and India thanks to the enclave as well as an increase in cash crop cultivation in the New World.
 * Albania: Military expands and some troops are trained by Latin officers also instructed in volley fire and rotating ranks.
 * Ragusa: The navy expands and trade also expands.
 * Serbia: The military begins advanced training, and the economy expands as the country has finally pulled out of the effects of the Hungarian occupation.
 * Roanoke: After several years of negotiations, an alliance is struck with the Powhatan Confederacy, detailing better trade relations as well as a non-aggression pact. Trade with the Powhatans has reduced the colony's need for food and has also given access to more trade goods. The colony expands north 10 pixels and south 10 pixels.
 * Banche Esterno: The colony expands 10 pixels inland and 10 pixels north.
 * The Consulate of Romania: Constantius, now 63, and his brother, Radu, now 62, resume growing the economy and making the military stronger. Trade flourishes across Romania. A second large Cannon Foundry is constructed by a rising weapons firm, known as the Constanta fabrică de Tun. The cannons produced and developed at the factory begin to make the company quite rich and powerful. The company begins to develop a new form of cannons, the Culverini. The new guns are tested on a Sunbeci, and prove to be exceptionally accurate for naval guns. However, the large Culverini are too heavy for the smaller Sunbeci. More work must be done to refine the cannons, but they are developing well. A redesigned Culverini, the Demi-Culverini is tested on a Sunbeci. The test is extremely positive as the redesigned cannons are smaller and much more portable than the full size Culverini. The Sunbeci continue to be developed, the craft is tested and exceeds expectations. The navy requests funding to pay for a fleet of 50 to be built over the next few decades, the project is rescheduled to finish in 1576 due to the war in Anatolia. Each ship will displace 200 tons, and carry 40 cannons of varying length and caliber. More disputes occur in the senate. There is much distrust in the Senate, a majority of the senators hold Mircea in contempt as the young man acts with spoiled impunity. Aside from the politicking of the capital much work is put into strengthening bonds with Transylvania, and thousands of Romanians travel to the new province. Hungarians are asked to leave Transylvania, their cost of passage to be paid in part by Romania. At the same time many Romanians, still within Hungary, and fearing persecution, flee to the safely of Romania. Pressure from Catholics in Transylvania begins to mount, as religious diversity leads to some conflict. Romania begins to exert political pressure on Kiev, (Year 15 of 15) while also providing them with aid after the devastating war. Vladimir, now 36, continues to learn the art of ruling. His sister Lilliana, now 28, continues to search for a suitable husband. Mircea now a young man of 23 begins learning alongside his cousin. Sophia, now 8, continues to her development.
 * The Consulate of Bulgaria: Thousands of Romanians move into the country, seeking cheap and productive land. Meanwhile inter-marriage becomes very common. Bulgarians also begin to migrating to trade towns in Romania to seek more economic opportunities. The economy is improved and times are good.
 * Kiev: The economy grows quickly with Romanian support.
 * Romanian Somaliland : Trade with India continues, and the cities of Bosaso and Qandala grow slowly.
 * Mansurryian Sultanate: Centralization continues under the Interim Government of the Grand Council as the Third Great Mansurryian Purge continues. We also continue to push into Safavid land with the Damascas-lead collation.
 * L'nu Empire: Rabtan continues to expand the military, as it trains in modern European tactics. These prove very effective against the few remaining hunter-gatherers who oppose L'nu expansion in Labrador, enabling the mainland territories to expand 4000 km this year. Some Innu choose to settle and adopt farming and herding rather than resisting. Ungava expands 1000 km south. As trade relations with the independent Iroquois improve, the L'nu begin to vassalize them. (Turn One of Ten)
 * Aksimiki: Aksimiki expands 2000 km, filling the whole of the island. Meanwhile, particularly rich trapping areas are earmarked for settlement next year, mostly along the coast of OTL James Bay.
 * Scandinavian Empire: The economy increases as Scandinavia exports iron to its allies. (Will post more)
 * Finland: The economy is expanded as Finland expands by 3500 sq km
 * Greater Ingria: The economy is expanded
 * Karelia: The infrastructure is expanded
 * New Gotland: The infrastructure is expanded.
 * Schleswig: The military is expanded
 * Strombek: The militia is expanded. Strombek expands by 2000 sq km along the St. Lawrence Rive
 * Vinland: The militia is expanded. Vinland expands by 2000 sq km inland.

1564
A German adventurer by the name of Fritz Staden publishes a widely translated account of his detention by the Tupinambá people of the Portuguese colony of São Sebastião, Warhaftige Historia und beschreibung eyner Landtschafft der Wilden Nacketen, Grimmigen Menschfresser-Leuthen in der Newenwelt Hesperia gelegen ("True Story and Description of a Country of Wild, Naked, Grim, Man-eating People in the New World, Hesperia").

'''With the withdrawal of the Romans, the Muslims and the Copts of Egypt begin waging war against one another, now that the Romans are no longer able to maintain peaceful ties between the two. Likewise, open warfare begins in Judea with the Christians, Jews, and Muslims fighting each other for control.'''

'''French ambassadors to Portugal describe the medicinal properties of tobacco to the French king, introducing the product in the form of snuff to the French court. '''

In the City of London the Old St. Paul’s Cathedral, one of Europe’s tallest church spires at a height of about 489 feet first commissioned during the reign of William the Conqueror, is badly damaged by a fire after being struck by lightning, causing the cathedral’s spire to be destroyed.

'''Tulips continue to become a heavily traded commodity in the Netherlands. As the flowers grow in popularity, professional growers begin paying higher and higher prices for bulbs, and prices rose steadily. As a result of demand from the French, speculators began to enter the market. The price of common, "unbroken" bulbs also began to increase, so that soon any tulip bulb could fetch hundreds of guilders. Dutch merchants create a type of formal futures markets where contracts to buy bulbs at the end of the season are bought and sold. By this year the tulip bulb becomes the fourth leading export product of the Netherlands, after gin, herring and cheese. The price of tulips skyrockets because of speculation in tulip futures among people who never even see the bulbs, causing fortunes to be made or lost overnight. '''

'''Don't forget firearms and metal goods as major Dutch exports. '''

'''This actually happened in real life, and it was called the "tulip mania". In my opinion, though, the author of this event could have used something other than tulips to foreshadow an economic bubble, because most of these mod events are starting to seem heavily OTL. -Cookie'''
 * Portugal: Continues a notable buildup in military strength and allows for a vigorous training program on the existing military forces attempting to train them up heavily. Meanwhile, the administration continues to be reformed, and agriculture and commerce are encouraged. Meanwhile, Portugal continues to develop its navy. Meanwhile, the colony in Lenhame continues exporting wheat to Portugal. Meanwhile, trade intensifies in the African coast. The Açores continue to be settled. Meanwhile, the naus continue being used. Naval explorations directed to the west continue. Meanwhile, Santa Cruz expands north by 2500 sq km. Meanwhile, sugarcane continues to be planted in Santa Cruz. Meanwhile, pau-brasil (brazilwood) starts to be extracted in the colony. Meanwhile, the colony of São Sebastião expands 2500 sq km.
 * Marrikuwuyanga Empire: The wheat surplus had steadily increased which had allowed the Marrikuwuyanga to increase their population. The Marrikuwuyanga continued their trade with the Dutch East India Company after the Supreme Council of Twelve had allowed the Dutch to create a trade outpost [1 px] at West Timor. The Marrikuwuyangan economy was steadily growing after the shock it had faced when the Ayutthaya faced rebellion. The Marrikuwuyangan economy was the strongest in the region and hundreds of men from other tribal states would migrate to Marrikuwuyanga annually to live in better conditions. The Marrikuwuyanga now produced muskets in large number, although training in using spears was still provided. The development of a cannon brought a new era for the Marrikuwuyangans who had never seen such a decisive weapon. The navy is developed. Smallpox had finally come to an end and the people returned to their normal lives. The construction of a university had started with the aid of the Dutch. Anti-Gulalin sentiment continued to increase as many questioned whether the man they worshipped as a god was the vessel of Emperor Yada Gulpilil's soul or not. Attempts to revolt had, however, largely failed due to the strong grip the Emperor had on the state but mostly because no one had the will to revolt especially after the devastating disease. After extensive work on developing the living standards of the people since the time of Emperor Benelong Gulpilil, the Emperor Gulalin had successfully managed to replace almost all of Marrikuwuyangan grass huts with either mud huts (56%) or mud brick houses (44%). The Emperor, however, did not receive much praise on this accomplishment for the people were much busier, planning to overthrow the Emperor. This anti-Gulalin sentiment was mostly concentrated at the Tiwi islands and coastal areas. Meanwhile, the Marrikuwuyangan military shocked at the treatment of the Guinea tribes by the Torres Strait Island tribes almost immediately withdraw from southern Guinea, leaving behind 40-60 muskets in their haste. The Emperor Gulalin Gulpilil is informed of the tribes, who the military leaders fear are the army of the demon, Charaka. (Dead Chairacha I of the Kingdoms of Ayutthaya. According to the Marrikuwuyangan religion Yadaism, the Ayutthaya are demons). For this reason, the Emperor orders the military commander of Timor to arrive at Guinea and get families to settle there, and unknowingly come into contact with the Torres Strait tribes of which the Timorid military has no knowledge. This decision is taken to find out whether the people encountered at Guinea were in fact the army of Charaka and it all now depended on how the people encountered at Southern Guinea react after coming into contact with the Timorid immigrants.
 * Timor: The extensive work on developing Timor's navy and military had proved beneficial after the Dutch had started providing the Marrikuwuyanga with their warships for the Marrikuwuyanga to examine and build. A great majority of Marrikuwuyangan warships were present at Timor with most of them having more than 40 cannons present. With merchants and now clergy arriving to Timor from the Mataram Sultanate, Islam started to spread among the natives. One of the member of the Supreme Council of Eight who himself had converted to Islam made sure the Emperor was not informed of the spread of the Abrahamic religion. Many ships carrying soldiers, priests and farmers arrive at South West Guinea to settle in the region. The natives of Guinea who try to oppose the Marrikuwuyanga are attacked and enslaved although those that convert to Islam are spared.
 * Mudbarra: Extensive work on developing Gurindji continued. Many men were hired as mercenaries for the assassination of various tribesmen. Meanwhile, a large military camp had been constructed for the training of many men. The smallpox had killed a great number of people and the fact that it had taken place just a few years after the Mudbarra pledged alliance to the Marrikuwuyanga made many people think the Marrikuwuyanga were demons and that they (Mudbarra) were punished for helping demons, thus anti-Gulalin sentiment continued to increase among the natives. Mil Turn and Eco Turn
 * Gurindji: Extensive work on developing Gurindji continued. Plans were being made to construct a University for the people. Meanwhile, a large military camp had been constructed for the training of many men. The smallpox had killed a great number of people and the fact that it had taken place just a few years after the Gurindji pledge alliance to the Marrikuwuyanga made many people think the Marrikuwuyanga were demons and that they (Gurindji) were punished for helping demons, thus anti-Gulalin sentiment continued to increase among the natives. Mil Turn and Eco Turn
 * Prussia: The Prussians continue to develop their economy. The Prussians continue to build their navy. Prussia continues to Germanize their ethnic minorities.
 * Courland: The Curonians also continue developing their economy.
 * Estland: Estland also continues developing their economy.
 * The Empire of Britannia: Many ships are modernized and replaced to keep the British Royal Navy a powerful force on the high seas. Port Edmundburg continues to experience a growth in population. The British Navy continues the construction of frigates and galleons. Plans to upgrade other parts of the navy are continued. Port Katrina continues to expand. Britannia also fully adopts the snaphaunce rifle. The parliament forms the Crown Colonial Authority to better monitor Britannia's colonial holdings. The CCA expands control in Africa. Construction of two large galleons, both with 200 guns commences, the Sovereign and the Intrepid, making them the largest vessels ever attempted by a European nation, work is expected to take the better part of a decade. The first frigates of the Rome deal sets sail for its new home in Constantinople. Several older ships are sold to Croatia and other nations to make way for the modern ships. In London, in effort to preserve beer, a local brewer names James Walsh, adopts glass as a method of sealing in the beer, thus preserving it. The massive war Galleons Sovereign and Intrepid continue ahead of schedule and are nearing completion. The HMS Royale, a 368-gun war galleon with added mortar capabilities continues construction in South Hampton shipright. The Empire signs the Third Treaty of Delhi and sends troops to bolster new lands provided by the treaty. The Colonial Authority appoint Maximilian GrandPre as Governor of the Britannic Port of Katrina and outer land. Port William expands 1000 sq km around the coast of New Guerney (OTL Hispaniola). Several cities including Plymouth and Edinburgh see massive expansion and beautification works. Plymouth sees new brownstone houses to support the growing British middle class. The University of Plymouth sees more intellectuals espousing wild and radical suggestions and begin championing rational though through the whole of Plymouth and into mainland Britannia. London sees a renewal of the arts, with modern architecture being found throughout the city. One artist proposed having ornate and beautiful fountains throughout the city. His plans were accepted as part of an urban renewal plan. Soon the capital of the Empire will be known as the City of Fountains. London sees such a growth and change thanks to the growing wealth of the Empire, the city begins developing a reputation as a forward thinking city entrapped in beauty and thought. The Westminster Exchange begins allowing greater freedom in stocks and adopts the Dutch method of joint stocks. Gerard Pictman creates the first "accurate" projection of the Earth on maps called the Pictman Map Projection. The Empire sees this new map and orders its adaptation. Troops are moved in the Port Katrina area as tensions with neighbors grow. Britannia accepts the Netherlands offer. Seeing the tension in Europe, and fearful for any invasion of Hamburg-Oldenburg, declares support defensively Hamburg if ever attacked by an outside party. However, due to the binding treaties with Hamburg as well as PU with Oldenburg, Britannia asks frimly that Hamburg obstain from invasions of surrounding nations, chiefly Scandinavia, failure to do so will result in Britannia turning its back on Hamburg for a duration. Emepror Richard IV celebrates his 61st birthday this year, he plans to officially abdicate due to failing health placing on of his twin sons, William on the throne. William is looking for a wife of noble blood. The Spire of St. Paul's is order to be rpaired. After the events of Norwich, the parliament relents and grants greater freedoms to landwonders. The nation begins becoming a major center of arms construction.
 * Calais: Military and navy are expanded. Calais experiences a remodel of its port facilities to help with trade.
 * Eire: The Irish colony of Nuaphail expands 1000 sq km west. Nuaphail is renamed New Dublin after the capital of the united Eire.
 * Scotland: Expands navy and military. The Edinburgh Stock Exchange continues to do well.
 * Port Edmundburg: Expands by 1000 sq km south and east down the coast. The African colonists begin looking toward mining and other ventures to generate profit. A new newpaper, the first in a colony, is founded, called the Edmundburg Report.
 * New Cambridgeshire: New Cambridgeshire expands by 1000 sq km north and west. Colonists begin to explore around the region and begin to have a large fishing boom. The Port of New Oxford is expanded to handle excess ships from Britannia and other European nations. The L'nu protectorate becomes more closely controlled by Britannia, in several years, leaders hope to begin the vassalization process.
 * Crown Protectorate Ghana. More troops are raised from locals. Military and infrastructure is expanded. Local support is slowly gaining ground.
 * Hamburgian Dip: Britannia is assured that Hamburg holds no hostile plans for nations such as Scandinavia, and in fact want better relations between it and the Holy Roman Empire as a whole. But Britannia is told Hamburg also feels uneasy about Scandinavia's continued claims to Holstein, now ruled by Friedrich's cousin, Otto. Finally, Britannia is made aware that, due to Hamburgs position, it is required to come to the aid of two Emperors, Britannian and Holy Roman, in the unwanted event of a war, a difficult position to be in, and thus don't want any war. War, though, grows more likely each day, especially with tensions with some of the Westminster signatories growing, despite efforts to relieve it. Britannia is asked to talk to her allies, as attempts by the Holy Roman states appear to have gone in vain.
 * L'nu Dip: The L'nu offer to give Albion land to establish a trading post in return for five merchant ships capable of crossing the Atlantic.
 * Tawatinsuyu: Military improves. The Inca government begins to quash the National's attacks against the Empire. Roughly 5% of the Inca population supports the nationals, with another 60% supporting the government. The remaining 30% are neutral. Population across the empire hits 964,000. Chimu remains the largest city in the empire (118,000) with Qusqo coming in second (91,000), followed by Peru (22,000), Machu Picchu (20,000) and Sican (13,000). Chimu and Sican remain isolated culturally when compared with the rest of the empire. The Inca begin to push east as well. The areas taken in the push east are organized into the Willkapampa Wamani. The areas between the Wanka Wamani and Chimorsuyu are also incorporated into the empire.The soldiers sent to France are to train in the art of seafaring, as the Treaty of Chan Chan requires France to aid in the creation of the Inca Navy. The total size of the army hits 29,000.  Apeac I gives birth to his first child, a daughter. The name is unknown to the Inca people. The number of districts, or Wamani, in the empire is ten. They are, in decreasing order of population: Hanan Qosqo (287,000), Hurin Nazca (202,000) , Hurin Qosquo (110,000) ,  Wanka (92,000), Hanan Nazca (80,000), Hurin Chimor (64,000), Anti Chimor (60,000). Aymara (56,000), Willkapampa (12,000), and La Paz (7,000). The four quarters, or Suyu of the empire, in decreasing order of population, are: Cuzco Suyu, Nazca Suyu, Chimor Suyu, and Aymara Suyu. Following an attack on the La Paz settlement, it comes under direct control of the Inca government. The southern border expands to absorb it, making it into the La Paz district. The capital is founded as New Burgundy, to represent a large French minoraty in the empire, in OTL La Paz.


 * Chiribaya Wamani:  The Inca occupation of Chiribaya ends as a new capital is formed. The Capital is named Chirbaya Qosqo, (Chiribaya Central) and is located in OTL Tacna. Population of the nation hits 83,000. The Army of Chiribaya Wamani is formed, replacing the old Chiribaya War Band. Economy improves. Chiribaya Qosqo is developed and the City of New Gibraltar is founded in OTl Monquegua. Population of Chiribaya Qosqo hits 11,000, while the population of New Gibraltar hits 3,600.
 * France: Military, navy and economy are built up. The colony continues expanding and growing by 750 sq km among both colonies The colonies continue growing as expected. The colony of Nouvelle Rouen continues to expand eastward by 750 sq km. The government decides to move on the Dutch reformists by allowing to remain on the French territory, however, putting some taxes for allowing them free passage in French land. However, the French government makes clear that their beliefs are with  Catholicism and that any attempt of violent expansion will be considered as an act of aggression and hence the Dutch-Wallon reformist may be persecuted. The colony in Kenya continues expanding by 500 sq km. We declare war on Austria and soon invade Strassburg and the previous portions of switzerland held by the empire currently under Austrian control. The 300k troops from France soon take position and all available soldier in the mainland of the empire is sent to the fronts or to guard any of those with known Austrian allies, the empire calls its allies to join the war and help, most noticeably the Roman empire, the Scandinavians and biggest and closest ally of France, the Hispanian Kingdom although others are equally welcome to join.
 * D. Burgundy: Military, economy and navy are built up.
 * C. Burgundy: Military, economy and navy are built up. Declares war on Austria.
 * Bourbon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Lorraine: Military and economy are built up. Declares war on Austria.
 * Saluzzo: Military and economy are built up.
 * Sardinia: Military and economy are built up. Declares war on Austria.
 * Andorra:  Military and economy are built up.
 * Africa: Military and economy are built up, Declares war on Austria.
 * Aurienne: Military and economy are built up. The nation expands both west and east toward the colonies of the French.
 * Guaxirenne: The country expands southward and military and economy are built up.
 * Anjou: Military and economy are built up.
 * Vendome: Military and economy are built up.
 * Provence: Military, navy and economy are built up.
 * Alencon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Narbonne: Military, navy and economy are built up.
 * Avignon: Military and economy are built up.
 * French Mali: Military and economy are built up.
 * Savoie: Military and economy are built up.
 * Valois: Military and economy are built up.
 * Bar: Military and economy are built up
 * Kingdom of Croatia: Croatia focuses primarily on its economy. Trade routes are strengthened after and the salt mines around Tuzla are explored as well as the salt industry in Pag and Nin. Using irrigation from the Danube, Sava, Drava, Drina, Cetina, Una, Vrbaš, Kupa, Neretva and other rivers the fields in the kingdom are developed, used for crops such as wheat, rye and barley. With trade routes increasing and Croatia entering an era of peace and of stability, the development of new trade ships is issued. Both the Ban and the King begin supporting urbanization and the spread of free cities, much to the disagreement of the Sabor. The Brothers of the Raven continue spreading their influence in Croatia. Stone mining is furthered as well as the timber industry. The need for these resources rises as urbanization carries on. The navy, under command of the King, his Ban and the First Admiral is developed due to the purchase of Britannic ships which are inspected and introduced into the Royal War Navy of Croatia or HKRM (Hrvatska Kraljevska Ratna Mornarica). The King, seeing that his daughter is frail and regularly ill, sends her to the Brothers of the Raven near the Lake Vrana, who are known for their care of the sick. There she is regularly visited by the son of Ban Nelipić, the young Božidar. The King, wishing to strengthen the loyalty of the Croats, supports the renaissance artists in Croatia, hoping to drive out any Hungarian stains on the the beautiful Croatian culture. Focusing mostly on the Dalmatian dialect, the King hopes to unify his people through a standardized language.The King, seeing profit in the war against the Austrians, requests to join the war on the Southern front. Although the army is mobilized, the lack of guns decreases the size sent to war. The war reminds the Ban however, to exploit the resources of Croatia, for which a plan is created. Iron ores in Dugopolje, Zenice and alas the 'mud' ore in Vojvodina and eastern Slavonia are to be exploited alongside the silver and copper ores more frequent and of better quality than the iron ores. The Frankopans of Krk see a chance to restore their glory and focus on the exploitation of iron ores in the Lika and Gorski kotar areas owned by them. Although Croatian weaponry is of lower quality than Austrian, the Frankopans are able to contribute a 10,000 army compromised of 6000 foot soldiers and 4000 cavaliers.
 * Korea: Korea continues to build up its military. Meanwhile, more Taoist, Neo-Confucian and Buddhist temples are built. Taoism rises in popularity and gains more followers. Regular (read: not Imperial) Shinto gains a few more followers as well, mainly along the coastline in Southeastern Korea, particularly in Busan, Jejudo and Ulsan.
 * land. In each of our cities we start to modernize them to be like European cities.
 * Pskov: Prospers as it builds up its economy even greater than before. The Increased city itself is estimated to have a population of 200,000 people and Nizhnigorodsk-na-narve to have a population of 100,000, although no exact numbers are in existence. Pskov graciously welcomes fleeing merchants from Novgorod, resenting the lack of access to the Baltic and prefering to work in Pskov, all emigrating with their possessions, and non-Germanic Prussians, who are all promised equal treatment in the nation of Pskov. The Pskovian Prince, with the permission of the Veche, orders the creation of three new shipyards to build its increasing navy from. The masters of craft in Pskov become well known throughout the region, The Prefix of SPG is added to the formal names of ships in the Pskovian Navy, standing for "Sudno Pskovskogo gosudarstvo" Pskovian State Ship. and the university once again prospers as a center of learning and knowledge, with a little settlement of its own comprised mostly of students from abroad. Three more schools open in Pskov, and it begins to be refered to as "Petistenniy Kamenniy Gosidar Pskov" (or in translation Five-walled stone sovereign Pskov), a reference to its stone construction, three gate walls and two Kremlin walls, making a total of five rings circling the city. Talk once again surfaces of sailing to the New World, as the city begins a new golden age. The Pskovian-controled "Rysybanks" become the dominant bank in Russia and the Finnish Gulf and a large competitor in the rest of the Baltic, increasing in size in Poland-Lithuania and in Scandinavia and Prussia, with new branches re-appearing in most cities. The three new shipyards are ordered to be founded with their own towns. The Veche decrees that any resident of Pskov lands is free to come to the Veche and vote in it, without limits on ethnicity, sex or social status, as many people have taken to exclude certain people from the Veche after its reconstruction. Pskov is now considered one of the most open cities in Europe. The Veche, in a bold statement to Europe, publicly denounces the practice of slavery, of stealing people from their homes  and forcing them and all their descendants into slavery, wherever they may be from (although indentured servitude to solve crises of debt as an alternative to prison is acceptable), and denies slavers any access to Pskovian waters, with the prince citing "as we once denounced what happened to Russian Perm, so too will we denounce what is happening to people being enslaved around the world.
 * Austria: This turn in both our nation and the nations of Bohemia, Luxembourg, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Swabia,  Elsaß-Lothringen, Mainz, Palatinate, and our colonial territories and possessions is dedicated to military. We train and expand our military using new experience from recent wars, and grow our nation economically. In Morocco our position in Melilla is fortified. All fortifications around the region are rebuilt and manned by stationed guards in case of an attack. To protect Melilla the construction of a fortress outside the city is considered, although postponed for now. The port of Melilla is rebuilt to begin operation as a trade port and military outpost. Construction continues on a shipyard in the Melilla port to facilitate the construction and repair of friendly ships. Melilla is granted a permanent naval garrison in the city’s port, to respond to dangers in the area and to support the small garrison on land who mans the fortifications. Our position in Morocco is fortified by re-inforcements, bringing Melilla operational against attacks. For now a small fleet is stationed in its harbor, while its garrison continues to hold the north and its supply lines, supporting our Christian brethren. With much of the Muslim population of Melilla left dead after the war against Morocco, the local government attempts to entice settlers by offering large quantities of land to Christian settlers. Many Europeans, particularly of German descent and/or from central Europe begin settling the area around Melilla. With finances from Augsburg-based banking establishments, the Trieste Company continues to launch expeditions to West Africa. Abrechtburg has grown to a decently sized settlement, supporting a population of farmers, traders and a small garrison of soldiers. The town also houses a well furbished fort, armed with a small amount of cannons intended to defend the settlement and the harbor from any attack. Built out of necessity, the port at Abrechtburg is refurbished and expanded to support more trade ships, and allied countries are welcomed to trade and stay in the town. The second largest settlement in Westenland, Dominusburg, follows suit, finishing the construction of a port similar to Abrechtburg‘s. Trade posts continue to be built and exploited, now numbering several dozen along the coast of Westenland and into allied territory. Our reliance on the Wolof becomes less so, but we sign a trade agreement with their nation to continue our positive relationship. Deals are made with the Wolof for slaves and other goods. Conversion of the natives begin around the settlement. Several ships begin construction in Trieste, Melilla, Corfu, and other ports, to further facilitate and protect overseas trade. Trade is increased with the Grand Duchy of Bavaria and other trade partners, bringing about new avenues of trade and commerce. Expeditions to the New World continue to increase trade with our possessions, establishing a trade route between Westenland, Reichland, and the West Indies. Trade posts in the Caribbean are expanded and grow as they become more frequently visited. A trade agreement is signed with the local Nacotchtank people, who we begin to trade goods with. Work also begins on a settlement on Vultsburg, it being the hub of Austrian trade in the south Imperial Sea. The settlement continues to grow and with the construction of a fort complete, the first settlers begin moving to the island. Schlossburg, and the area around it, expands. Settlers explore areas along the large river in the area, which they name the Ehrbar River (OTL Potomac). The Ehrbar settlements begin expanding northwards. A more permanent trade post is established in Schlossburg, with fortifications being complete. The town of Schlossburg is declared the center of the territory of Reichland, which continues to expand. We are upset that the dishonorable French so easily break a treaty and a non aggression pact in the name of aggressive expansion, and we warn the rest of Europe of their treachery. We fully mobilize at once to combat their advances, and in Luxembourg and Elsaß-Lothringen a guerrilla campaign among locals begins to stall their advance. Cities such as Strassburg, Luxembourg, Basel, and Zurich are fortified and prepared for any possible sieges. We ask our allies, including the Swiss, to aid us in our rightful defense. The ruler of Pomerania dies, leaving the land under the control of the House of Hamburg.
 * L'nu Empire: The military continues to retrain. Naval technological advances have now been parlayed into fishing, making the industry significantly more important. This year, the L'nu fleet reaches the rich fishing area of the Grand Banks, where it catches hundreds of tons of cod. This excess food results in a truly massive cod surplus.The nation expands 3000 km north, while Ungava expands 1000 km inland. The Iroquois continue to be vassalized (Turn Two of Ten). The L'nu encourage slaves to flee from their bondage to L'nu territory,w here they are given land, although, by edict of the government, any slaves from Brittanian or, by extension, Oldenburger, territories are returned. The population rises to 82,000, partly as a result. Rabtan inquires if the Mushuau Innuat will pledge allegiance to the Emperor, given that they have no ability to cope with modern tactics, are devastated by smallpox, and are now an enclave of the Empire (MOD RESPONSE NEEDED) 
 * ​Aksimiki expands onto the mainland, settling land at the mouth of the OTL Moose River. Docks and roads continue to be built to facilitate transport. Pigs arrive in Aksimki. The European names for the bay come into use as Oldenburger charts reach Aksimiki. The main settlement is named Hadelhid as the name "Adelheid Sea" comes into mroe widespread use. Fishing grows.
 * Hispania: The Spanish populace reaches about 13.9 million and growing thanks to the addition of the Aragonian populace and other growth. The economy, thanks to the aggressive colonialism, continues to expand immensely and the Spanish economy becomes the most powerful in Europe passing the French economy by leaps and bounds with the massive influx of gold, silver and jewels contributing heavily and its administration preventing heavy inflation of the Spanish economy. The armed forces continue their push to remain the most modern and begins to build a host of new ships to replace older ones which are sold to its vassals, trade companies and other territories of the Empire. The Spanish continue to escort major trade convoys with warships to increase likelyhood of surviving. and investigation into the criminal underworld is undertaken to find out who hired these privateers. Their first acts are to create a law system dealing with voting restricting it to the landed people and certain merchants but leaving it open to change with later amendments. The Parliament - also with authority of the queen - splits executive power between the Parliament and the monarchy. Finally, the Parliament creates the Colonial Administration Authority, which is a dedicated office to managing the colonies with offices in each colony and a budget dealing with expansion, maintenance and protection. The Colonial Administration authority seeing massive success in organizing the creation of a new colony in Borealias West Coast, and the West African campaign Parliament grants the CAA the ability to create the Colonial Military administration in order to keep tabs on colonies armed forces, garrisons and other protectorates armed forces as well. Hispania adopts the Italian Built Auditore Gun into its arsenal for its great penetration, huge shock effect, and ability to shoot longer than the Dutch gun, at the expense of weight, reload time, and the occasional explosive misfire. Emperor Phillip of Hispania officially names the day of his mothers death a national holiday. The first semblance of a more fair contitution of rights are passed by Parliament expanding further rights and representation to the Citizens of Spain. Hispania reluctantly agrees to aid france, Also Calling Rome into the war and requestion Croatian involvement as well. The Generals of the armies agree to treat all austrian forces with respect and all taken cities as if they were Spanish in order to prevent undue casualties. 50,000 troops are sent to this conflict through france and into the italian states.
 * Croatian Diplomacy: The Croats answer rapidly, eager to fight alongside such a honourable and powerful nation, as well as hoping this will further improve Spanish-Croatian relations.
 * Kingdom of Italy:  Italy reaches its troops amount of 30,000 with it being armed and trained by Spanish troops in tactics. The Italian army is expanded moderately with some naval ships being purchased to replace losses. However, the Invulnerable Spanish army discourages any from speaking their mind and most deal with the relatively benevolent rule of the Spanish. The population of the Kingdom of Italy reaches about 13.3 million with growth falling short due to many men being killed in the war. The Italian navy reaches nearly 200 ships and growing. The people of Italy begin to see Spain as much more benevolent than before and are more than happy with Spanish rule. However, this also may have to do with the fact that many nobles have been replaced with Spaniards or loyal Italians who helped Spanish forces in the invasion. Some Hispanicized Italians (Italians who have adopted Spanish culture) are allowed to settle in the Spanish colonies. Some smaller towns and cities in coastal italy see the first real merging of Spanish and Italian culture. The Kingdom of Italy shows a new prominent gun maker known as Ferdinand Auditore, a man of Mixed Spanish and Italian descent. His musket, known as "The Devils Breath" or the Auditore Gun due to its massive signature ball of fire coming from the gun as it fires, is delivered as a prototype to the monarch of Spain. This snaplock musket when tested outperformed the current Dutch weapon in many aspects, but was also a bit heavier, and some defects caused the weapon to explode near the end of the gun causing minor harm to the User.  Italy declares war supplying 30,000 of its own troops and 10,000 mercenaries looking to begin the slow process of further uniting italy.
 * Savoy: Savoy is stabilized. The Savoyan people accept their new overlords as the increased trade has left traders and many other with much more money than they had before. The economy, thanks to trade with Spain, expands moderately but much is spent rebuilding Savoy from the conflict. Savoy agrees to cede portions of territory to France due to the war and many people in Savoy are angered but powerless. The rulers of Savoy - realizing that inclusion into the Spanish empire is much better than being a target of it - manage to pacify the populace and begin to rebuild raising a small force of about 10,000 to handle security. The people of Savoy begin to work toward building up a trade fleet now at 120 ships. 15,000 troops are deployed with many mercenaries being recruited
 * Genoa: Now being free of Italy, but now a vassal of Spain, Genoa looks to rebuild its trade empire under the rising Spanish empire. The Genoan people and traders widely consider this to be a turning point with their people and begin to push for the mass acquisition of trade ships to rebuild their trade empire. Genoa begins to expand its military moving up to nearly 8000 troops with 5000 Spanish troops housed in Genoa. The Genoan people more than not show welcoming attitudes toward the Spanish as they have felt relatively oppressed by the Italians. However, some Genoans remain disenfranchized with the Spanish but the reputation of invincibility of the Spanish army makes any attempt at independence a far cry from possibility. These people more than not decide to find ways to live under the Spanish empire in a more prosperous way, by establishing multiple trade companies. These companies begin to be common throughout Spanish lands as the Genoans begin to build up a trade fleet of a sizable amount now at 100 ships. 15,000 troops are sent with a decent amount being mercenaries
 * Kingdom of Morocco: The country begins the construction of various canals and cultivates trees farther inland to help increase arable farmland. The Moroccan economy continues to expand with greater trade coming from Spain and the Canaries all the way down to Capo Verde increasing the relative wealth. The Kingdom, with many canals having been completed, has vastly expanded its farmland among other things. Morocco's total population is 1.7 million with Christianity becoming dominant in the area. The Moroccan Assassins Guild forms and spreads keeping the peace and killing the corrupt as well as making Morocco much more peaceful for Spain. The Moroccan navy increases to nearly 130 ships. Morocco's economy continues to boom as the major canal projects have turned some of Morocco's harshes areas into incredibly useful farmland and for the first time in recorded history the area is covered in green farmland, trees, and grasses. Morocco sends 25,000 of its own troops recruiting extras for this even, and joins the empires forces in Italy.
 * Kongo: The Kingdom begins to work toward a trade and production economy focusing on helping provide resources for Castile's burgeoning West African trade network. The King of the Kongo converting to Christianity and being baptised begins to call for the expansion of ports to the best of the Kongolese architects' abilities. The Kingdom of the Kongo in an attempt to increase economic output and trade begins to export a large amount of raw materials to Castile and begins to push toward heavy exploitation methods. The Kongo, unable to expand any farther up the river and with sizeable amounts of territory lost to local inland tribes, abandons a large amount of territory with no intent in coming years to reclaim but maintains that the entirety of the river and its basin is under the jurisdiction and claim of the Kongo and its Hispanian monarchs.
 * Mapuche: The Mapuche people begin to see the first mixed children between Spanish and Mapuche people. The Spanish institute the Ecomienda system. However, the Spanish governor, in order to keep control of the people, orders the Spanish heads of the system to treat the natives fairly in order to prevent mass deaths from overworking and resentment. Spanish farming techniques have definitely prevented starvation as the Mapuche continue to expand toward the coast building a road to connect it all. The Spanish governor, also using the local Mapuche as scouts, is able to expand much more than the Buenos Aires colony and uses this to his advantage to secure more land to be able to turn over to Spanish settlers. The Royal Governor ramps up expansion for some of the new plantation owners setting up expanding the the territory by 2500 sq km.
 * Morelia: The former Mayan kingdom is renamed Morelia by the royal governor to reflect its new Spanish culture as thousands of settlers have settled in the major cities with the population reaching about 675,000 in total with a large amount of traders and people from across Europe reaching an insightful priest says that destroying the cities will result in long term resentment that could never be repaired and instead they should be made Spanish-Maya hybrid. The new Royal Governor seeing wisdom in this declares that the cities will not be ransacked and a moderate tribute of gold and silver is demanded by the Spanish. The 2000 troops remain in the country and begin to establish areas along the coast suitable for Spanish settlement. The military and economy of the Maya under Spain is developed and roads are upgraded to Spanish standards. The Spanish begin to sponsor settlers in Morelia to begin expanding on the continent down the coast. (2500 sq km). The Spanish troops are brought from all over the region equaling nearly 5000, with 1000 being regulars, 3000 being troops formerly used in the conflict, and another 1000 opportunist settlers looking to make more money are used against the Mayan revolters with great effect. The Spanish troops continue to push through and wipe out remaining rebels clearing out the highlands by the end of the year.
 * Aztecs: With full control of the Aztec now reverting to the Spanish the Spanish begin to implement their Ecomienda system from the Mapuche in the south to the Aztec areas to extract gold and silver. Along with this many of the remaining Aztec people become infected decreasing population further. The economy of the Aztecs becomes entirely reliant on the Spanish Empire and the military remains non-existent with areas being occupied by Zapotec and remaining Spanish forces. However, its garrison is made up of Spanish forces who are settling the territory. Almost 5000 Spaniards come to the Aztec nation. The royal governor is appointed and after conversation with Morelias governor decides eventually he will embark on a large expansion campaign up the Mexican area. The Aztecs expand by 2500 sq km. The Colonial authority sends a fleets of settlers north to the colony of San Francisco.
 * Kingdom of Venezia: With the establishment of the Kingdom of Venezia following the previous war and with the loss of a large portion of the fleet the Venezian people seem to believe that much can be rebuilt through utilization of the dynamically rising Spanish empire for its own benefit. The businessmen and high level economists, bankers and multiple other fully knowledgeable individuals of Venezia remaining after the war go on a trip to Spain's vibrant trade cities and after careful negotiations many of these men take over one of Spain's newest rising trade companies, the Buenos Aires trade company, with some offices based out of the Buenos Aires colony in Hesperia. The Venezians, unable to select a king from their remaining nobles, delegate to the Queen of Spain (Castile and Aragon) who chooses a man named Antonio Lo Grato to rule as Prince of Venice in place of the Queen of Spain. A well acclaimed and respected man, he immediately enacts reforms. The Venezian economy with access to the Spanish economy begins to recover and for the first time in years due to this. The Venezians begins its long road to naval recovery and begins to use its vast knowledge to begin building ships not only for itself but acquires the blueprints to improve on Spanish ships to allow for sale back to the Queen. The Venezian military is also raised to a token force of about 10,000 due to its location but remains lightly armed and unable to project power or fight any unsupported offensives. The Prince of Venezia, Antonio, begins the drift toward Spanish culture.
 * Viceroyalty of New Spain: The Viceroyalty of new Spain is established with a massive amount of coastal territory secured begins to expand its major settlements seriously with Buenos Aires maintaining the most with nearly 40,000 people and growing The colony proper reaches nearly 450,000 in population seeing large amounts of Colonial immigration now from both Spain and Hispanicized Italians. The Viceroy implements the first cattle ranches (they are not modern ranches) in order to expand the food supply of the large colony. The Spanish inhabitants of the colonies form their first militia under command of a Spanish officer which is trained only to fight off native attacks. The Colony specifically expands 70 px  The viceroyalty seems extremely happy with the colonial status and support it's received from Spain as well as the massive re-investment for the betterment of the colony giving a huge boost to the construction of a few forts and a road system. The first ships begin to arrive from Spain African colonies bringing goods and a few slaves. Ranching is taken up by men previously accustomed to this in Spain. A colonial militia made up of nearly 3000 colonists and another 200 Spanish troops embarks on another attack on Natives in the Uruguay area coincidentally finding nearly 100 natives themselves engaged in conflict with others. These natives are revealed to be Converts to christianity and are helped and brought back to the Colony to show the good the Spanish missionaries are doing.
 * Cape Ferdinand: The Cape Ferdinand colony expands its population hoping to attract more settlers. The population of Cape Ferdinand reaches 35,000 colonists. The area itself begins to show up as a trade hub. Zulu Africans in the area begin being contacted with missionaries looking to speak to these people.
 * San Francisco: The new colony of San Francisco sees limited immigration but has become a sort of hub for Colonial adminstration fleets coming through the area to trade and explore as well as a staging point for those looking to sail to the Philippines hoping to reach them via the Pacific Ocean. The colony itself expands by 5 px. The colony's population reaches around 3000. expeditions are sent though into the interior and places such as the San Lorenzo Valley are discovered and claimed but remain unsettled.
 * Philippines: Spanish continue to establish majority control over the area through trade and other means. The Spanish then begin to send in a royal governor who makes plans to expand the island nation, and begins work on its economy and military to do so. Gold and silver from Spain is sent to facilitate buying materials to build up the area as the Philippines are garrisoned by mercenaries hired by Spain and nearly 300 of Spain's most well trained troops. The Philippines is built up as a massive trade and naval base and a fleet of Spanish ships sent from here make the first trip to Central Borealia with Spain becoming the first nation to connect a trade route along the entire planet.
 * Protectorate of Oyo:  From any of the disenfranchised troops are recruited who are more than happy to act as a military force over the people that once ruled them. The economy of the area is turned toward an extraction economy as the nobility in the area is replaced with Spaniards, some Italians and a few opportunistic African people. This leads to unusually harsh system of the Econmienda in the areas run by opportunists. The Colonial Military Administration under the Authority establishes a fiercely loyal force of nearly 10,000 troops who were downtrodden by the previous rulers or who were entirely oppressed and enslaved. The training of these troops is handled by Spanish officers who along with retinues of a few hundred troops give the troops drills in superior warfare. The census of the protectorate reveals a population of about three-to-five million but due to fluctuating numbers from all the European territories the numbers remain uncertain.
 * Chile: With the Incan protectorate conquering the Chiribaya peoples some small portion of territory is given to the Spanish who establish Chile run by Spanish traders and a small offshoot of the Incan Colonial administration office. The area's name gains its source from a Mapuche word meaning ends of the earth but is corrupted by the Spanish into the name "Chile" The small populace of the locals is evaluated and are immediately joined by a few hundred Spanish settlers who begin to establish some terraced farms and a small town. The area is militarily supported by the CMA located in the Inca and a force of about 1500 is used to maintain order in the area. The Chilean royal governor along with the Colonial authority begins to increase the economy of the area and is planning on a period of expansion coming up in the next few years. Chile begins its first year of expansion south heading 2500 sq km south to meet up with the Spaniards which used the Mapuche for their own expansion for Pacific ports.
 * East African Protectorates: With Madagasikara becoming fully under Hispania, Madagasikara and her vassals are consolidated under the Colonial Administration Authority as the East African protectorates. These nations remain fully semi-autonomous under their own governments and do not answer to Madagasikara, but to Hispania and her Colonial Administration Authority. The Colonial Authority makes it a major directive in the area to keep these states happy, and sends gifts of money to each of the protectorate states, and encourages the expanded trade of the local league to boost economy. The Protectorates each maintain about three-to-five separate small to moderately sized independent armed forces nearing a force of about 30,000 total between all the protectorates and are used for local peacekeeping, and promoting better relations between all the states. This military is also outfitted with older Spanish equipment and is trained in older but still effective tactics. With colonial Authority in place, and the Colonial Military Administration keeping the areas from devolving into a regional arms race between the protectorates the area is effectively administered as a singular entity under the Administration, with each state keeping its local culture, customs, and minor armed forces. The Colonial Military Administration does take extra care in keeping these forces loyal and small, having more to gain by serving with Spain rather than for nationalistic purposes. The Administration, however, knowing that overextension in the area may become an issue later draws up secret plans (in Spain so locals can't find out about them) to release these nations as friendly allied client/satellite states to prevent other further issues from arising in the area.
 * The war in Iran is close to its end in the Tartary, where much of the nation has fallen to the Allied forces. As the war progresses victoriously to a close, the mood in the nation becomes exultant. The population once again begins growing, as more people return to the nation. Emperor Paul, now fourteen, remains completely uninterested in matters of state. However, he decides to comission a great church in Sarai, expected to be larger and more beautiful than the Hagia Sophia itself. Zoroastrians from Hyrcania begin visiting the court en masse, granting as a gift to the young Emperor copies of the Avesta, the Yasna and the Gathas, both in original Avestan, as well as Persian, Greek and Tatar translations. They offer their loyalty to the Empire if they win the war against Iran and give them land.
 * Perm continues its development of the economy and military. The border with Novgorod is further fortified, with several large castles being built in the west. The population continues to grow.
 * Azov continues the war effort. Özu-Cale continues fast development.
 * Chernihiv develops its military and economy, continuing integration with the East and building fortifications in the west, as well as in the Dnieper River.
 * Bukhara continues the war. The population grows.
 * Novgorod: We build up our economy by trading with other Russian states. Our military continues to train troops. Also we expand 10 px north on the island. On the island of лесные участки more cities are being made. More ships are being built for trade and our navy. More land is being set up for farming. Mining is being used more to obtain coal for fuel. Whale hunting is popular sport. Whale oil is used for fueling the lanterns. The timber industry cuts down trees for fuel sources for our homes. We start to farm more land. In each of our cities we start to modernize them to be like European cities. We start to increase the population of our people by asking people to make more babies. Our port cities start to become bigger with the reconstruction of our port cities to fit more ships.
 * Vorlayacor:  Public hatred of Spain has now reduced to the skepticism and intense distrust most people hold towards other European nations;  citizens are now willing to work with Spain as much as other countries, but don't particularly like doing so.  Corn and bananas continue to fuel a surge in agriculture.  Vorlayacor offers a trade agreement to any country willing to purchase these Hesperian crops.  The army trains in rotating and strafing tactics to complement the new snaphance rifles.  Northwest expansion continues as normal.
 * Empire of Urdustan:  فضل بچت (Bacata anugraha) continues to rebuild his acquired lands from the Third Treaty of Delhi, building Hindu mosques and Hindu cultural centers before the Islamic ones, so as to prevent overwhelming anger by the Hindus from seemingly favoring the Muslims. However, Islamic buildings and cultural centers are also being rebuilt at this time, but with less importance. Several Urdu merchants continue to sponsor gem mines in the Mogok area of Ava, due to the high concentration of gems such as rubies, sapphires, garnets and moonstones, and the first of many mines begin to return with more successes. Cash crops continue to be grown in large amounts. With our merchants traveling to Ava, Kamarumpa and Arakan regularly, Islam continues to grow in their areas. Financial loans continue to be given to Bahmani and Jaunpur. Merchants also travel exclusively to Multan, Sind, Ladakh, and Kangra. The construction of schools and universities several years ago has led to an increase in scholars and literacy in our nation. Construction of ships based upon Castilian designs, granted to us by them, continues, in order to further our efforts to explore and trade. New crops continue to enter into several plantations, opium and cannabis. With the increasing popularity of wood-block printing, works in Urdu/Hindi are created and stored in large amounts, in order to further cement the change in Urdustan. To continue the conversion of his Sultanate to an Empire, plans for statues and gardens are drawn up, to build a sort of cult of personality around the current emperor, and affirm to the people of Urdustan that he is the leader, and he is the law. Efforts to better the military continue with a mandatory rearming of the noble levies, with the Emperor offering to pay half the costs per noble, and with any noble refusing to do so, being met with increasingly less beneficial trade interaction by other nobles and foreign merchants. The construction of monuments and the plans for a colony are halted due to the actions of the Vijaynagara rebels. The Islamitization of Urdustan continues from an increase in missionary activity.
 * Rajya of Orissa (Uṛīsā kē rājya, اڑیسہ کی بادشاہی): Kalua Deva continues to listen to his advisers and bring about several reforms to his nation that make it more Islamic friendly, one of which is new, and calls for the creation of one mosque for each Hindu temple in the name of tolerance, when in reality, his advisers have prescribed this to bring about larger Islamic influence. Training of levies by Bengali advisors continues.
 * Swargadeo of Kamarupa (Grēṭara asama kē rājya, گریٹر آسام کی بادشاہی): Now vassalized by Bengal, the Swargadeo of Ahom continues to receive extensive help in creating viable farmland. They do this by continuing a process of land reclamation in the northern part of the state, which is largely marshy and thinly populated. This process of reclamation begins by using dikes, embankments and irrigation systems. The land reclamation, having been going on for decades, is extremely successful in creating viable farmland for rice, grain and other staple crops, increasing Kamarupa's population and their yearly trade output. Training of levies by Bengali advisors continues.
 * In Mississippia, Christophe continues to oversee the transition of the confederation from the SECC to Christianity. Hundreds of French missionaries enter the nation, and having converted most people in major cities like Cahokia, they spread out to the countryside, doing infrastructural improvements along the way. Construction of a new city at the location of OTL Detroit is nearing completion. Jean-Frances Desjardin oversees the construction of a major system of roadways. Many medicine men become Christian, and are educated in modern medicine. More European colonists and trappers arrive in the nation. The vassals of the Iroquois, Odawa, Etowah, Parkin, and Moundville all expand their borders as trade pushes them closer to Cahokia and European cultures. The Iroquois, Odawa, and Cahokians all begin to converge upon a central location in OTL Ottawa.


 * Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: As much as we would like to aid the French and other coalition forces against the Austrians we must honor our non-aggression pact no matter the enemy. With our economy back in a stable position, obtaining income and profit for the Commonwealth, investments into the agricultural industry continue to rise. Nobles across the vast territory of our sovereignty establish new farms and ranches. Our military is raised to 30,000 to prevent foreign forces from entering our nation. A new set of border fortifications are built on our western borders. However, large amounts of supplies are exported to nations such as France and Croatia from ports through Prussia and roads through Hungary. Volunteers are called to see if they would like to help the French cause. About 5,000 volunteer and are sent throughout to different countries fighting against the Austrians. Slovakia as well sends large amounts of supplies and 1,000 volunteers to those fighting the Austrians. We ask Prussia for several hundred kilograms of tobacco seeds. Military development begins.
 * Roman Empire: Hearing about the declaration of war against the Austrians by the French, the Romans spring to the aid of their ally and also declare war. 40,000 Roman troops are sent to fight in Italy under the experienced Latin general Cesare de Patra after fighting to take the holdouts in Montenegro, Greece, and Albania. Roman ships blockade the Ionian Sea to the best of their ability, with the newly upgraded galleons and frigates causing some damage. In the New World, the bay that the Austrian colony is in is blockaded by a naval squadron from Atlantis, cutting the colony of from external resources. The Emperor is able to justifiy the war to his people as helping allies, defeating false Romans, and reclaiming the lost territories in Greece, ending Varangian rule there.
 * Albania: With the war against Austria breaking out, Albania joins forces to unite all Albanians under one crown.
 * Ragusa: Ships are sent to help blockade the Ionian Sea, but no Ragusan troops fomally join the war and a declaration of war is never officially declared.
 * Serbia: The economy continues to prosper as the nation pulls out of the depression caused by Hungarian occupation years ago.
 * Roanoke: The colony prospers with its alliance with the Powhatans, and the colony continues to expand 10 pixels north and 10 south.
 * Banche Esterno: The colony continues to grow and expand 20 pixels inland.