Tudor Line

Tudor line is an alternative history in which Henry, one of the son of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon, who died young, survives. This history changes some details, but in the early times it is like our timeline and it's likely that the survival of Henry would change interactions and some children would probably not been born (ripples in history would certainly change children born 15 years later), but for simplicity ...

Timeline

 * 1514: After three dead children finally Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon have a child, a son named Henry.


 * 1515:Louis XII of France dies and is succeeded by Francis I, a descendant of Charles V. Mary Tudor, sister of Henry VIII and Francis' widow is married to Charles Brandon, 1st duke of Suffolk and the soon have a son Henry, 2nd duke of Suffolk. Christian II of Denmark marries to Isabella, daughter of Joanna (see Queen Joanna I below). Mehmed I become the Khan of Crimea, succeeding his father.
 * 1516: A daughter is born to Henry named Mary and Catherine's father Ferdinand II of Aragon dies and is succeeded by Queen Joanna I and becomes the ruler of Spain with her husband Philip I and Charles as their heir. Henry wanted political allies and saw Mary as a possible way to the king of France. Vladislav Jagellon, the king of Bohemia, Hungary and Croatia dies and the titles are inherited by a ten year old Louis, who goes under care of Maximilian I and he was betrothed to Philip I's daughter Mary and his sister is betrothed to Philip I's second son Ferdinand a year earlier in front of Maximilian, Vladislav and the Polish Sigismund I.
 * 1517: Martin Luther writes his Ninety-Five Theses.
 * 1518: Louis V, Elector Palatine and his wife Sibylle of Bavaria have a son Louis, but Sibylla dies soon afterwards. The Reformation begins causing rebellions, eventually it becomes an all out war. The Treaty of London is signed.


 * 1519: The betrothal goes through and Prince Francis is to become husband of Mary. Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor dies and is succeeded by Joanna's son Charles.
 * 1519 - 1525: The problems of Western Europe didn't effect the East too much. The Polish-Teutonic War occurs and later ends in the creation of Prussia under Albert of Hohenzollern. Sigismund I of Poland's heir Sigismund August is born following the death of his half-sister Anne. The Jagellon-Habsburg betrothals become official marriages.
 * 1520: Moctezuma II is killed and the Aztec Triple Alliance becomes a part of the Spanish Empire and is declared to be completely Spanish by law. Louis II of Hungary's diplomat accidentally insulted Suleiman of the Ottomans, who attacked him.
 * 1521: Luther is excommunicated by Pope Leo X and rebellions begin spreading all over the Holy Roman Empire. Manuel I of Portugal dies and is succeeded by his son John III. Immediately negotiations start with Charles, John III is soon married to his sister Catherine. And it is arranged that John's sister Isabella marries Charles. Pope Leo suddenly dies and is succeeded by Pope Adrian VI. Leo X gives Louis II money to battle the Turks and spreading Lutherans. Christian II is deposed and in 1523 Gustav I becomes the King of Sweden.
 * 1522 - 1526: Many call Luther the Pope Martin VI and this is what most of Germany thinks (Luther doesn't agree, but is afraid of going against them). The rebellions turn into outright war which end with Luther burned at the stake and the Empire in turmoil. The Lutherans then reunite behind a man named Carl Pfaff who wants to be known as the Pope Sixtus V and starts the Lutheran anti-claim to Rome believing the Pope to be no longer favored by God.
 * 1523: Henry VIII, Francis I and Charles I renew the Treaty of London as a feud between the Habsburg and the House of Valois is endangering the Spanish-French relation, Charles also betrothed his sister Eleanora to Prince Henry of France to seal the treaty. Christian II is deposed and succeeded by Frederick I. The short reign of Adrian VI ends and cousin of Leo X becomes Pope Pius IV. Gazi I become the Khan of Crimea.
 * 1524: Count Ferdinand of Tyrol and Princess Anne of Hungary have twins Charles and Elizabeth. Saadet I succeeded Gazi as the Crimean Khan. Ismail I dies and his son  Tahmasp I becomes the second king of Persia.   Charles V borrows some money from the bankers of the Republic of Genoa for repairs of his army, thus starting the golden age of Geonese Banking.
 * 1525: James V of Scotland (Henry VIII's nephew)'s mother Margaret Tudor proclaims him an adult ruler and ends the regency, however her new husband Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus wants the power and becomes his protector. Joanna I marries Catherine to John III of Portugal. Albert of Prussia converts to Lutheranism and is excommunicated, the leader of the Teutonic Order becomes Walter von Cronberg.
 * 1526: John III of Portugal has a daughter Maria and marries his sister Isabella to Charles I. Albert of Prussia married Frederick I's daughter Dorothea. Vasili III of Moscow cast his wife Solomonia away and takes Elena Glinskaya.
 * 1529: Walter von Cronberg declares the Teutonic War for Prussia, it ends in a peace where the order gained the city of Kwidzyn.
 * 1530: A son Casimir is born to Louis II and Mary of Spain. Pius IV now known as the Lutheran Crasher dies and is succeeded by an even more fanatical Pope Alexander VII. Vasili III finally has a son Ivan. Joanna I attacks the Wattasid dynasty and takes land which she makes the Kingdom of Morocco, she gives most of the control to Jaime de Cuetas, 1st Duke of Gibraltar.
 * 1532: A daughter Agnes  is born to Louis II and Mary of Spain, he also expelled Turks of  Suleiman the Magnificent from Hungary and began the battle against the Hungarian part of Protestant Wars which lasted until 1541. Albert of Prussia  decided to marry  Princess Dorothea of Saxe-Launeberg, daughter of  Magnus I, Duke of Saxe-Launberg to his son Albert. Vasili III is delighted with another son named Yuri. The exiled Christian II tries to retake his throne from the Netherlands, he is captured where he remains for the rest of his life. Islam I becomes the newest Khan of Crimea, only to be replaced by Sahib I.
 * 1533: The anti-pope Sixtus V dies and a man named Mark Unger becomes the new claimant under the name of Martin VII. Vasili III of Moscow dies and is succeeded by his son Ivan IV.
 * 1534: James marries Princess Charlotte of France, daughter of Francis I and soon son is born to James named Robert, just in time as Archibald had just perfected his plan to take over Scotland (he kills him). Scotland goes under regency again, this time however Margaret Tudor asks her brother Henry to help. He brought the army and banished Archibald to France. The armies of the Kazan Khanate raid the Grand Duchy of Moscow. During this decade the Sahib I and the Kazans made an offensive alliance.
 * 1535: Archibald supporters rebel in the succession crisis, they want Archibald to be king and so begins a year long civil war that end in the crushing of the forces and poisoning of Archibald. Marriage of Francis and Mary becomes official. Frederick I of Denmark dies and is succeeded by his son Christian III of Denmark, he has embraced Lutheranism and as such he becomes the first Lutheran king of Denmark and Norway.
 * 1536: Francis and Mary have a son named Louis. Princess Maria of Spain is betrothed to Prince Regent Henry of England. Around the same time she had a brother John, but he soon died under suspicion. Yuri Ivanovich, uncle of Ivan IV is imprisoned for treason and dies in prison.
 * 1537: For trying to convert Robert IV to Lutheranism, the anti-Pope Martin VII is banished and leaves for America, where in the OTL place of Quebec he makes a settlement of New Rome. Ivan's second uncle Andrey gets put in prison and dies.
 * 1538: After Ottomans attacked Cyprus and so the venicians begam fortifing the island. Conn O'Neill is given the tile Earl of Tyrone by Henry VIII.
 * 1539: Francis I suddenly dies of tuberculosis and Francis II becomes king, but the illness spreads throw the court and Francis and Mary go to Southern France to protect themselves. Alexander VII who almost crushed the Lutherans in Hungary is murder by angry cardinals, who see him as an enemy of a religious peace and is succeeded by a less fanatical Pope Gregory XIII, he is opened to new things, just like Leo X. Last Lutheran claimant to Papacy Martin VII dies, the line continued, but Lutherans never considered him a Pope and it was a small sect that later became known as the Papal Lutherans who claimed their man (now their own Clement VII should be on the throne). Meanwhile, Gregory tries to use King Gustav I to talk with Clement about reuniting the Christians.
 * 1540: Sigismund Augustus is married to Princess Catherine of Spain and his sister Hedwig is to marry Prince John of Denmark. Margaret Tudor dies in Edinburgh from old age. The Kazans and Crimeans attack Ivan IV who ask for the help of Qasim Khanate and together they push him backwards. This undermined the authority of Safa Giray, who led the Kazans. Doge of Venice Pietro Lando is forced to give Southern Greece to the Ottomans.
 * 1541: The illness ends and Francis II finally gets crowned, but Louis is now the only heir, his brother Henry was dead and his only issue being Margaret of Brittany and the nearest heir was Charles of Vendôme a descendent of Louis IX. Suleiman attacked a weakened kingdom after the Protestant Wars.
 * 1542: Henry VIII dies of an infection from a nine-year old wound and is succeeded by Henry IX. Louis V, Elector Palatine dies and is succeeded by his son Louis VI. Joanna attacked the Zayyanid dynasty, but not having enough soldiers, they retain their independence throw rebellions the minute the army moves.
 * 1543: Henry IX and Princess Maria are married. Louis II is killed near the city of Buda battling the Turks and is succeeded by his son Casimir I who turns the tide and pushes the Ottomans back. Pope Gregory XIII orders a week of celebration for this victory.


 * 1544: Henry has his first son Arthur. Pope Gregory XIII dies. Cardinals, however, take a few months to decide before they finally make up their minds. Finally Pope Innocent IX is crowned in Vatican.


 * 1545: Sigismund I dies and is succeeded by his son, who helps Casimir I push Turks from Budapest. Henry IX has his second Edward. All Caribbean Islands become a part of the Spanish Empire. For keeping Ireland peaceful Jenico Preston gains the title High Duke of Dublin.
 * 1546: Sigismund II has a daughter Princess Agnes of Poland. Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey makes a proposal to Henry IX, that a colonial empire of their own could make then rich and so a ship called the New Englishman sails west.
 * 1547: Clement VII dies and Jakob Danielsen becomes a claimant under the name Pius IV. Suleiman makes peace with Casimir I seeing he needs to remake his army and recognized Casimir as the king of Hungary. Hernán Cortés dies.
 * 1548: Pius's insult of the Papacy makes Innocent and Robert IV so angry they attack the Lutheran Papacy. The Spanish Empire annexes Florida. The New Englishman arrives at OTL Hampton and a settlement called New Portsmouth.
 * 1549: Pius IV dies during the invasion and the talk about a reunification is taken up by new Pope named Peter II. Meanwhile, Innocent IX tries to settle up the schism. Chumash and Apache tribes sign an alliance against the Spanish leading to a Mexican Campaign of 1549.
 * 1550: People wanting adventure sail to the New World. English settlements are created along the Eastern shore. Ivan IV is supporting an overthrow of Safa Giray and asks the Nogay Horde (who border him on the other side) to remain neutral. New Toledo is build on the Yucatan Peninsula as the new capital of the Spanish Empire.
 * 1551: Innocent IX gets a heart attack from a harsh letter of things which the new spiritual leader of the Lutherans, Peter II, wants for a unification, Gustav I of Sweden quickly makes sure another non-fanatic Pope sets on the throne and so Innocent is succeeded by Alexander VIII. Devlet I becomes the new Crimean Khan. Joanna I of Spain appoints Martín Cortés the Duke of Mexico.
 * 1552: Sigismund II has his first son Prince Casimir by Catherine of Spain. The Russian army go into Kazan and overthrow Safa, Ivan declares himself the Kazan Tsar and soon he turns he forces against Devlet I.
 * 1553: The new Lutheran Pope Sixtus VI insulted the Catholic Pope Alexander beyond bearing and he declared a Crusade. Gustav I and Christian III quickly swore to be Catholic again, though secretly still being Lutherans.
 * 1555: John III of Portugal dies and to an outrage of Henry IX is succeeded by his brother Louis I. Sixtus VI is killed and Scotland takes New Rome and makes it New Caledon. Paul III and a few other monks fled America and settled in Iceland under Christian III of Denmark. However, even he never acknowledged them. Slowly the world forgot about them.
 * 1556: The imprisoned Christian II dies in the prison of his cousin Christian III. Ivan IV peace out with some minor gains from the Crimea. And in a quick surge he also destroys the Astrakhan Khanate.
 * 1557: Catherine of Aragon who has survived her husband by 15 years died of old age. Another queen, Joanna I of Spain, also dies of old age and is succeeded by Charles I.
 * 1558: Charles I tries to unite Spain with the Holy Roman Empire causing a revolution. Suleiman the Magnificent noticed a problem with trade and asked for a passage throw Astrakhan, Ivan agrees under a very high tariff for a crossing, so most traders decide to take it across the sea instead. Gustav I dies and is succeeded by Eric XIV.
 * 1559: Alexander VIII is succeeded by Julius III. Ivan IV has a son who he also calls Ivan by his wife Annastasiya Romodanovsky, who he married in 1550. Hafsid dynasty wanting to restore the Almohad Caliphate which destroys their armies only to be attacked by Suleiman I to be his army machine while battling Casimir I later on.
 * 1560: Hearing of the riches of the New World, Robert IV sends his own ships to settle land which was called Vinland during the time of the Vikings. Charles I crushed the revolution, but has quit to try to unify Spain and the Holy Roman Empire. Suleiman goes on a Hajj to Mekka.
 * 1561: Charles I dies of stress from the fact that he has problems in Spain and the Turks are on the border. Both of his titles are inherited by his son Ferdinand I. Queen of France Princess Mary of England dies of an illness and is buried in the Basilica of St Denis.
 * 1562: Returning from Hajj Suleiman finds Istanbul under siege as Casimir takes the western Balkans, under Suleiman lead the border is once again put back by Mohacz.
 * 1563: Casimir I married Princess Agnes of Poland as they son have their first son Wenceslaus. All former Khanates now included in Russia have huge rebellions which became called the Mongol Rebellion. Suleiman and Casimir sign peace, with it Suleiman gets the Ottoman Transylvania.
 * 1565: Julius III is succeeded by Urban VII.
 * 1566: Ivan wins the rebellion and Christian III finally gives in to Danish royal pushes and attacks Eric XIV. Not knowing of a secret Swedish-Russian betrothal, Ivan joins, though he claimed he will join only once the marriage would be official, thus the Kalmar War broke out.
 * 1567: The Jiajing Emperor of China dies is succeeded by Longqing Emperor. After Paul III's death the group fell apart and the last person to claim being the leader of Lutherans was a monk named Robert. He called himself Peter III. Myeongjong of Joseon died heirless and the court decided for Seonjo of Joseon to succede him.
 * 1568: Suleiman I dies after a period of illness and is succeeded by Mustafa I and he immideatly declares a war for the venecian cities.
 * 1570: Urban VII is succeeded by Sixtus V. The Kalmar War is won by Sweden and Russia and Christian has to pay 300 gold coins.
 * 1570s: Frith-Béarla, an anti-english group of irish noble is created led by Phelim O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone.
 * 1571: Henry IX's wife Princess Maria of Portugal dies and her claim goes to Prince Arthur. Ivan has another son Vasili.
 * 1573: After a long time of intrigue full England Henry IX dies to everyone's happiness, he is succeeded by Arthur I. His brother-in-law Francis II of France also dies and is succeeded by Louis XIII. Peter III died of an illness and officially ended the claimant line.
 * 1574: Arthur I declares the War for his claim against Portugal against the old king Louis I. An Anti-english group Frith-Béarla appears and is supported by O'Neills.
 * 1575: The war ends in white peace as both sides are completely tired. Tahmasp I of Persia dies and is succeeded by Ismail II.
 * 1576: Having only a daughter Elizabeth, Arthur I is removed by conspirators and his brother Edward VI is put on the throne, under what Henry IX said the claim of Portugal is inherited by Elizabeth. Jaime de Cuetas dies and his son Carlo de Cuetas become the new Duke of Gibraltar. Kuchum of Siberian Khanate, who wanted to recreate the Golden Horde attacked Ivan and almost pushed to Moscow, but with a help from Sweden they gave them a fight to remember. Kuchum retreated and signed peace.
 * 1577: An attempted murder occurred making Ivan IV maimed, blaming it on the Siberian Khan, he asked Anthony, Metropolitan of Moscow for an Orthodox crusade to the east. Anthony refused and in anger he banishes Anthony and makes himself the Patriarch. This sent waves of hate throughout the Orthodox Church. Every Orthodox peasant is saying he is the anti-Christ and his Russia Church is the teaching of the devil. However, in the end no crusade is called. Yet another attack, this time really from Siberia, completely blows Ivan's foot off.
 * 1579: Devlet II becomes the Crimea Khan following a suspicious accident killing Devlet I and his wife. Edward VI declares emancipation of the English settlements in America declaring himself King of New England.
 * 1581: Casimir I of Hungary dies and is succeeded by his son Wenceslaus II.
 * 1582: A regency was declared and Ivan V becomes the de facto ruler at the age of 23.
 * 1584: Frith-Béarla declared the new state called The Kingdom of Éire. and put the O'Neill Phelim I of Éire on the new Throne and start the War over Ireland.

Europe
Eastern Europe
 * Kingdom of England  - Henry IX
 * Kingdom of Scotland - Robert IV
 * Kingdom of France - Francis II
 * Kingdom of Spain - Joanna I
 * Kingdom of Portugal - John III
 * Holy Roman Empire - Charles V
 * Papal States - Innocent IX
 * Kingdoms of Denmark and Norway - Christian III
 * Kingdoms of Hungary and Bohemia - Casimir I
 * Kingdom of Poland and G. D. of Lithuania - Sigismund II
 * Ottoman Empire - Suleiman the Magnificent
 * Duchy of Prussia - Albert I
 * Teutonic Knights - Walter von Cronberg
 * Republic of Venice - Francesco Donato
 * Tsardom of Russia - Ivan IV
 * Crimean Khanate - Devlet I
 * Safavid dynasty - Tahmasp I
 * Khiva Khanate - Haji Muhammad I
 * Kazakh Khanate - Khak-Nazar Khan
 * Siberian Khanate - Murtaza

America

 * Spanish Empire - Ferdinand I
 * English America - Henry IX
 * Scottish America - Robert IV
 * New Rome
 * Lutheran Papacy - Sixtus VI
 * New Caledonia -  Robert IV
 * Apache Tribes
 * Creek Tribes
 * Cherokee Tribes
 * Lenape Tribes
 * Abenaki Tribes
 * Chumash Tribes

Western Africa

 * Kingdom of Morocco - Joanna I
 * Portuguese holding - John III
 * Wattasid dynasty - Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad
 * Zayyanid dynasty - Abu Muh II

Asia

 * Ming Dynasty - Longqing Emperor
 * Kingdom of Great Joseon - Seonjo of Joseon