Principia Moderni III (Map Game)

​Principia Moderni, or "The Beginning of the Modern" in Late Latin, was a map game beginning in the final days of the Middle Ages in Europe, and the early days of the Ming Dynasty in China - in 1400 C. E, a turbulent era; in other words, an era of change; an era in which power is cemented. The first game was perhaps the most successful map game on the wiki in terms of length, finishing without dying and plausible expansions. However, it did have its problems, and has now finished. The second game, instead of being a worthy successor to the first, was marred by over-expansionism, feuds between players, ambiguity in the rules, which often caused controversy on wars between player nations, over-competitiveness, and overall inactivity of the moderators, but was nevertheless successful in reaching the Modern Age. And thus, this third installment has been created. Welcome to Principia Moderni III!

Active

 * 1) Andr3w777
 * 2) Collie Kaltenbrunner (Moderator-in-Chief, Assistant Mapmaker)
 * 3) Callumthered
 * 4) Commandante Lemming
 * 5) CourageousLife
 * 6) Fedelede
 * 7) Feudalplague (Algo Mod, ASB Hunter, Mapmaker)
 * 8) Monster Pumpkin
 * 9) Mscoree (Moderator and Mapmaker)
 * 10) Scandinator (Mapmaker, Disaster Mod)
 * 11) Sine dei gloriem (Moderator and Mapmaker)

Honorary

 * AwesomePeruvian
 * Cosman246 (creator of the first game)
 * Detectivekenny (moderator-in-chief of the first game)
 * Galaguerra1
 * PitaKang
 * LurkerLordB (moderator-in-chief of Principia Moderni II until about 1580)
 * VonGlusenburg
 * Scrawland Scribblescratch (Mapmaker only)
 * CrimsonAssassin

Current Map
As a note to everyone, do not edit the map unless you are authorized as a mapmaker. Inability to follow this rule will be met with action. "This is not your grave  but you are welcome in it. " 00:00, April 10, 2014 (UTC)

Remember to align the map to the center! Bfoxius (talk)

Please use the posted map as the Base map for editing from now on please. -Feud



Sign-ups

 * See Also: Territories 

Western Europe (France and Iberia)

 * Lordship of Albret --
 * Andorra --
 * Anjou (Personal Union under Provence) --
 * Brittany -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Spanish Confederation
 * Castile --
 * Aragon (Personal Union under Castile) --
 * Kingdom of Granada (Annexed into Castile) --
 * Foix (Personal Union with Andorra) --
 * French Monarchy (Predominant French control, Still some nations away from direct monarchic control)
 * Alençon (Dynastic Union with Valois) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Angoulême (No Ruler, governed by Valois) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Armagnac (Dynastic Union with Valois) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Auvergne (Personal Union with Berry, Vassal of France) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Berry (Dynastic Union with Valois, Vassal of France) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Blois (Personal Union under Orléans with France) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Bourbon (Dynastic Union with Valois) Vassal of France -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Duchy of Burgundy (Personal Union with France)-- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Dunois (Personal Union under Orléans with France) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Forez (Personal Union under Bourbon, Vassal of France) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * France: -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * La Marche (Dynastic Union with Bourbon) --
 * Nemours (Personal Union with Armagnac) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Nevers (Dynastic Union with Burgundy) --
 * Orléans (Dynastic Union with Valois, Vassal of France) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Parthenay (Vassal of Orléans) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Périgord (Personal Union under Orléans) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Rodez (Personal Union with Armagnac) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Valois -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Vendôme (Personal Union under La Marche) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Limoges --
 * Portugal -- Collie Kaltenbrunner (talk)
 * Saluzzo (Vassal of France) -- Sine dei gloriem (talk)
 * Kingdom of the Netherlands-- With Blood and Iron (talk)

Northern Europe (Britain and Scandinavia)

 * UNC
 * Denmark -- Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svgLabarum.jpgCrimsonAssassin- I have special eyes
 * Sweden -- Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svgLabarum.jpgCrimsonAssassin- I have special eyes
 * Norway -- Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svgLabarum.jpgCrimsonAssassin- I have special eyes
 * Schleswig -- Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svgLabarum.jpgCrimsonAssassin- I have special eyes
 * Sligo --
 * Thomond --

Albion

 * Eire -- Bfoxius (talk)
 * England-- Trust Me, I'm The Doctor (talk)
 * Wales -- Trust Me, I'm The Doctor (talk)
 * Dublin -- Trust Me, I'm The Doctor (talk)
 * Scotland -- Trust Me, I'm The Doctor (talk)

Holy Roman Empire

 * Alpine HRE States
 * Aargau --
 * Austria -- Mscoree (talk)
 * Basel -- Vassal of France Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Cilli (Vassal of Hungary) -- [[Image:1.png|23px]]Imp (Say Hi?!)
 * Freibourg --
 * Montfort --
 * Swiss Confederacy -- Daeseunglim (talk)
 * Salzburg -- (Vassal of Austria) Mscoree (talk)
 * Wallis --
 * Bohemian HRE States (Vassal states to Bohemia, except Moravia)
 * Bohemia -- (Personal Union with Austria) Millgy/Mscoree (talk)
 * Moravia -- (Dynastic Union with Bohemia) -- Mscoree (talk)
 * Silesia --  (Vassal of Bohemia) -- Mscoree (talk)
 * Lusatia -- (Vassal of Bohemia) -- Mscoree (talk)
 * Frankish HRE States
 * Bar --
 * County of Burgundy -- (Personal union under the Duchy of Burgundy) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Cambrai (Bishopric) --
 * French Flanders -- (Artios, and the lands south of the county of Flanders, Personal Union with Burgundy) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Lorraine -- (Vassal of Burgundy) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Luxembourg -- (Personal Union under Moravia) -- Mscoree (talk)
 * Straßburg -- (Vassal of Austria)
 * Sundgau -- (Consolidated with Strassburg)
 * Verdun -- (Vassal of France) -- Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Grand Duchy of Bavaria
 * Bayern-Ingolstadt (Vassal of Bavaria) -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Bavaria (Bayern-Landshut) -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Bayern-Munchen (Vassal/Personal Union of Bavaria) -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Bayern-Straubing (Vassal of Bavaria) -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Burgau (Vassal of Bavaria) Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Nürnburg (Vassal of Bavaria) -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Burggraschaft (Vassal of Bavaria) -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Bamberg (Vassal of Bavaria) -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Würzburg (Vassal of Bavaria) -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Thuringia (Vassal of Bavaria) -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Saxony (Vassal of Bavaria) -- Cookiedamage (talk)
 * Cleves-Mark (Vassal of Koln)
 * Köln --
 * Grand Duchy of Hesse
 * Hesse -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Lippe -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Bruchhausen -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Bremen -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Neu Lippe -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Berg -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Neu Bremen -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Neu Bruchausen -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Ludwig Insels -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * German HRE States (Under construction)
 * Augsburg -- (Vassal of Austria) Mscoree (talk)
 * Bamberg --
 * Brandenburg (Personal Union under Moravia) Mscoree (talk)
 * Bremen (Bishopric) --
 * Burggrafschaft --
 * Duchy of Hamburg -- I am that guy (talk)
 * Holstein (Vassal of Hamburg)
 * Jülich -- (Vassal of Trier)
 * Magdeburg (Prince-Bishopric) (Vassal to Hamburg) --
 * Mainz (Prince-Bishopric) -- (Vassal of Austria) Mscoree (talk)
 * Mecklenburg (Personal union with Hamburg) --
 * Munster (Prince-Bishopric, Vassal Of Hesse) -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Oldenburg -- Callumthered (talk)
 * Osnabrück (Prince-Bishopric) (Vassal of Oldenburg)-- Callumthered (talk)
 * Paderborn (Prince-Bishopric, Vassal of Hesse) -- Blocky858 (talk)
 * Pfalz (Vassal of Austria) Mscoree (talk)
 * Pomerania (Vassal of Austria) - Mscoree (talk)
 * Trier (Prince-Bishopric)-- NonEuclidean ツ (Talk)
 * Zweibrücken (Vassal of Trier)
 * Swabia (Vassal of Austria) - Mscoree (talk)
 * Italian HRE States
 * Corsica (Personal Union under Italy) -- Quashi (talk)
 * Ferrara (Vassal of Italy) -- Quashi (talk)
 * Genoa (Personal Union under Italy) -- Quashi (talk)
 * Lombardy -- Tr0llis (talk)
 * Modena (Vassal of Italy) -- Quashi (talk)
 * Padua -- (Vassal of Milan) Tr0llis (talk)
 * Ravenna -- (Vassal of Milan) Tr0llis (talk)
 * Provence -- Quashi (talk)
 * Tuscany (Vassal of Italy)  -- Quashi (talk)

Southern Europe (Italy and the Balkans)

 * Aegina (Annexed by the Roman Empire) -- MP
 * Albania (Vassal of the Roman Empire) -- Monster Pumpkin
 * Arborea --
 * Athens (Annexed by the Roman Empire) -- MP
 * Bosnia (Vassal of Hungary) -- [[Image:1.png|23px]]Imp (Say Hi?!)
 * Bulgaria (Vassal of Rumania) -- Stephanus rex (talk) 22:46, March 26, 2014 (UTC)
 * Roman (Byzantine) Empire -- Monster Pumpkin
 * Candia (Annexed by the Roman Empire) -- MP
 * Corfu (Annexed by the Roman Empire) -- MP
 * Croatia (Personal Union with Hungary) -- [[Image:1.png|23px]]Imp (Say Hi?!)
 * Epirote Republic (Vassal of the Roman Empire) -- MP
 * Garay (Vassal of Hungary) -- [[Image:1.png|23px]]Imp (Say Hi?!)
 * Hungary -- [[Image:1.png|23px]]Imp (Say Hi?!)
 * Italy -- Quashi (talk)
 * Naxos (Vassal of the Roman Empire) -- MP
 * Negroponte (Annexed by the Roman Empire) -- MP
 * Vatican City (Vassal of Italy) -- Quashi (talk)
 * Ragusa (Vassal of the Roman Empire) -- MP
 * Rumania (Principia Moderni III Map Game) -- Stephanus rex (talk)
 * Sardinia -- (Personal Union) Sine dei gloriem "Ex Initio Terrae" (talk)
 * Serbia (Vassal of Hungary) -- [[Image:1.png|23px]]Imp (Say Hi?!)
 * Sicily (Dynastic Union with Aragon) -- DatStar (talk) < not anymore???
 * Split (Vassal of Hungary) -- [[Image:1.png|23px]]Imp (Say Hi?!)
 * Venetian Republic (Personal Union with Epirus) -- Kunarian (talk)
 * Zachlumia (Vassal of Hungary) -- [[Image:1.png|23px]]Imp (Say Hi?!)
 * Zeta (Vassal of Italy) -- Quashi (talk)

Eastern Europe

 * Courland -- Yank
 * Great Perm (Vassal of the Tartary) -- Fed (talk)
 * Tatar Empire -- Fed (talk)
 * Lithuania (Vassal of Muscovy) -- Fritzmet (talk) 02:45, April 20, 2014 (UTC)
 * Mazovia (Prussian Vassal) -- Yank
 * Muscovy - Fritzmet (talk) 02:45, April 20, 2014 (UTC)
 * Novgorod --
 * Rostov (Vassal of Novgorod) --  ...  Razor  - the Razor Nabil.png
 * Yaroslavl (Vassal of Novgorod) --  ...  Razor   -  the Razor  Nabil.png
 * Osel-Wiek --
 * Poland -- [[Image:1.png|23px]]Imp (Say Hi?!) 16:38, March 31, 2014 (UTC)
 * Pskov -- -Lx (leave me a message)Azarath Flag.png
 * Prussia -- Yank
 * Tver (Vassal of Novgorod) --  ...  Razor   -  the Razor  Nabil.png

Anatolia and Caucasia

 * Principality of Amier-Kavkasia (Vassal of Georgia) -- "Tom" TankOfMidgets (talk)
 * Ak Koyunlu (White Sheeps) --
 * Kingdom of Armenia (Dynastic Union with Georgia) -- "Tom" TankOfMidgets (talk)
 * Cyprus (Vassal of Castile) --
 * Dulkadir (Vassal of Ottomans) --
 * Sultanate of Erzincan (Vassal of Ottomans) --
 * Kingdom of Georgia -- "Tom" TankOfMidgets (talk)
 * Kaffa (Annexed by the Roman Empire) -- MP
 * Kara Koyunlu (Black Sheeps; Vassal of Ottomans) --
 * Karaman --
 * Mardin --
 * Ottoman Sultanate
 * Principality of Rani (Vassal of Georgia) -- "Tom" TankOfMidgets (talk)
 * Ramazan --
 * Tekke (Annexed by the a Roman Empire) -- MP
 * Burjid Sultanate - This is UglyTurtle, Signing off. 03:13, May 14, 2014 (UTC)

Mesopotamia

 * Mansuriyya Caliphate -- Flag_of_South_Korea.png PitaKang-  My Life for Aiur!   En Taro Tassadar  22:12, April 1, 2014 (UTC)
 * Grand Principality of Assyria (Vassal of Georgia) -- TankOfMidgets (talk)
 * Muzaffarid Dynasty --
 * Aleppo Eyalet --

Arabia

 * Caliphate of Mecca --
 * Caliphate of Madinah -- User: HeiligReich (talk)
 * Oman - FP(problem?)
 * Yemen --
 * Province of Judea (a Province of Alexandria ATM) g greg e   (talk)  16:05, April 12, 2014 (UTC)

Central Asia

 * Safavid Empire -- ShadowKnights1234
 * Khanate of Bukhara --
 * Khanate of Khiva --
 * Shahdom of Verkana -- Willster22 (User talk:Willster22)

South Asia

 * Andhra --
 * Bastar --
 * Bahmani -- GlobalConqueror (talk) 14:36, May 23, 2014 (UTC)
 * Bengal Sultanate -- &#34;SO SAYETH THE EAGLE&#34; - Fascist Eagle ಠ_ಠ (talk)
 * Emirate of Andamana -- &#34;SO SAYETH THE EAGLE&#34; - Fascist Eagle ಠ_ಠ (talk)
 * Rajya of Orissa -- &#34;SO SAYETH THE EAGLE&#34; - Fascist Eagle ಠ_ಠ (talk)
 * Swargadeo of Kamarumpa -- &#34;SO SAYETH THE EAGLE&#34; - Fascist Eagle ಠ_ಠ (talk)
 * Chutiya --(Vassal of Tibet) -- ❂ FOR THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA ❂ 22:54, May 22, 2014 (UTC)
 * Dhundhar (Disorganized) --
 * Gondwana -- Spartian300 (talk) 16:04, May 13, 2014 (UTC)
 * Gujarat --
 * Gwalior --
 * Jaffna --
 * Jaisalmer -
 * Kathiawar --
 * Khandesh --
 * Kozhikode --
 * Malwa --
 * Marwar (personal union with the Mughal Empire)  -- Sky Green 24 16:54, May 7, 2014 (UTC)
 * Mewar (Disorganized) --
 * Raigam (Disorganized) --
 * Mughal Empire (personal union with Marwar) -- SkyGreen 24

East Asia

 * The Great Liao Empire -- Ninjasvswarriors (talk)
 * Western Chagatai Khanate (Vassal of the Tartary) -- Fed (talk)
 * Eastern Chagatai Khanate (Vassal of Oirats) -- Joined Oirat--> Joined Liao
 * Haixi Jurchens (Vassal of China) -- Scandinator (talk)
 * Hualian --
 * Japan (civil war between the Daimyos, highly decentralized) **
 * Akamatsu --
 * Amago --
 * Fusahito Theocracy -- Ozymandias2 (talk) 13:22, April 14, 2014 (UTC)
 * Hatekeyama --
 * Imagawa --
 * Kamakura --
 * Kikuchi --
 * Mogami --
 * Oda --
 * Otomo --
 * Ouchi --
 * Satake --
 * Shimazu --
 * Shoni --
 * Takeda --
 * Uesugi --
 * Jianzhou Jurchens --WHY seriously why???!!! 21:07, April 28, 2014 (UTC)
 * Korea (Vassal of China) -- Scandinator (talk)
 * Ming China -- Scandinator (talk)
 * Mongol Khanate (Vassal of China) -- Scandinator (talk)
 * Mangut Nivkhgu --
 * Ryukyu --
 * Tainan (Vassal of China) -- Scandinator (talk)
 * Tibet -- ❂ FOR THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA ❂ 22:59, May 22, 2014 (UTC)
 * Wild Jurchens --

South-East Asia

 * Ayutthaya --
 * Dai Viet -- Harvenard2 (talk) 22:48, April 25, 2014 (UTC)
 * Khmer Empire (Vassal of China) -- Scandinator (talk)
 * Lan Xang (Vassal of China) -- Scandinator (talk)
 * Lanna --
 * Pegu (Vassal of China) -- Scandinator (talk)
 * Shan States -- <span style="color:Blue; font: 1.2em Palatino, serif; text-align: center; font-variant: small-caps;">❂ FOR THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA ❂ 22:54, May 22, 2014 (UTC)
 * Sukhothai (Vassal of Ayutthaya) --
 * Taungoo -- (Vassal of Tibet) <span style="color:Blue; font: 1.2em Palatino, serif; text-align: center; font-variant: small-caps;">❂ FOR THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA ❂ 22:54, May 22, 2014 (UTC)

Asian Islands

 * Aceh (Vassal of Ayutthaya) --
 * Aru (Vassal of Ayutthaya) --
 * Bima --
 * Bone --
 * Brunei -- Linq (talk) 04:51, May 13, 2014 (UTC)
 * Kutai --
 * Majapahit (Vassal of Ayutthaya) --
 * Makassar --
 * Minahasa --
 * Negara Dipa --
 * Pagaruyung --
 * Selebar --
 * Siak (Vassal of Ayutthaya) --
 * Sukadang --
 * Sunda --
 * Tidore --
 * Tondo --
 * Tulang Bawang --
 * Timor (Vassal of Marrukuwuyanga) -- RexImperio (talk) 07:02, May 16, 2014 (UTC)

North Africa

 * Banu Sulaym --
 * Hungarian Banu Sulaym (Hungarian Vassal) -- [[Image:1.png|23px]]Imp (Say Hi?!)
 * Gasfa --
 * Sultanate of Tunisia --
 * Kingdom of Morocco -- (Vassal of Castile And Member of the Spanish Confederation)
 * Zab --
 * Zayyanid --
 * Alexandria - g greg e   (talk)  01:07, April 4, 2014 (UTC)
 * Aiguptia (Dynastic Union with Alexandria, Vassal) g greg e   (talk)  19:37, April 6, 2014 (UTC)

West Africa

 * Borgu --
 * Ghana --
 * Ife --
 * Igala --
 * Jenne --
 * Kanem Empire --
 * Kwararafa --
 * Mema --
 * Mossi --
 * Nupe --
 * Oyo Empire -- Flag of the Hurian Federation.pngorius: "I don't need a slogan"
 * Salum --
 * Siine --
 * Songhay --
 * Takur --
 * Tuareg --
 * Wolof --
 * Zafunu --
 * Kingdom of the Kongo --

South Africa

 * Great Zimbabwe -- <font color="#000000">VonGlusenburg (talk to Von!) 16:32, April 6, 2014 (UTC)

East Africa

 * al-Sumal  --
 * Ethiopia (Personal Union with Alexandria) -- g greg e   (talk)
 * Iritriya --
 * Interlacustrine States (fragmented) --
 * Madagasikara League -- Reximus55
 * Empire of Madagasikara -- Reximus55
 * Sofala (Vassal) -- Reximus55
 * Toamisina (Vassal) -- Reximus55
 * Dina Morgabin (Colony) -- Reximus55
 * Dina Arobi (Colony) -- Reximus55
 * Pembara (Colony) -- Reximus55
 * Betsileo (Dynastic Union) -- Reximus55
 * Swahili City-States **
 * al-Swahili --
 * Dar es Salaam --
 * Kilwa --
 * Malindi (Swahili Vassal) --
 * Maputo --
 * Mozambique --
 * Mtwara --

Southern Africa

 * |on -- Saamwiil, the Humble

TBN (Australasia)

 * Marrikuwuyanga - User:RexImperio

TBN (Pacific)

 * Otago Maori --
 * Tonga
 * Tahiti
 * Samoa
 * Hawaii --

TBN (North America)

 * Cahokian Civilization -- Kiwi884 (talk) 00:40, May 21, 2014 (UTC)
 * Colordao Civilization --
 * Eastern Moundville Civilization (Vassal of the Cahokia) -- Kiwi884 (talk) 00:40, May 21, 2014 (UTC)
 * Etowah Civilization (Vassal of the Cahokia) -- Kiwi884 (talk) 00:40, May 21, 2014 (UTC)
 * Iroquois (disorganized) --
 * Lenni Leppei (disorganized) --
 * Parkin Civilization (Vassal of the Cahokia) -- Kiwi884 (talk) 00:40, May 21, 2014 (UTC)
 * Western Moundville Civilization (Vassal of the Cahokia) -- Kiwi884 (talk) 00:40, May 21, 2014 (UTC)
 * Natigoseg L'nu -- Krasnoyarsk (talk) 11:26, April 13, 2014 (UTC)

TBN (Central America)

 * Atlocuapo (disorganized) --
 * Aztec Empire -- SwankyJ (talk) 00:51, May 17, 2014 (UTC)
 * Guaymi --
 * Yucatan -- Feudalplague
 * Ngobe-Bugle (Vassal and personal union with Guaymi) --
 * Zapotecs -- CourageousLife (talk)

TBN (South America)

 * Aymaras (Fragmented) --
 * Chiribaya -- User:Jd2842
 * Tawatinsuyu (Inca Empire) -- What is this????Is this a signature??? (talk)
 * Vorlayacor -- IhaveSonar (talk) 19:26, March 24, 2014 (UTC)
 * Mapuche:

Wall of Shame
This list is for users currently prohibited from participating in the game.
 * User: Arceus The God of Pokemon :- permanent ban for sockpuppetting on the first game.
 * User: Eldwolf : permanent ban for deleting the entire page of the first game and replacing it with profanities.
 * User: Twisty123456789 : permanent ban for sockpuppeting on the second game.
 * User: Ratc3333 : permanent ban for sockpuppeting.

1500
'''The Burjid Sultanate is founded by Muhammad bin Qait Bay after successfully centralizing various warring parties in the Middle East. All territory from the southern remnants of the Aleppo Sultanate to the north of Alexandrian Judea are united into the nation, which claims to be the successor to the Mamluks, having descended from the Burji dynasty. '''

'''The Cretan rebels become organized enough to effectively combat Venetian rule. Armed with foreign and stolen weapons they launch an all out campaign against the Venetians. (Scores undoubled: 10, 7, 1).''' Colorado Confederation: In the aftermath of the civil war between the Northern Confederation and the Southern Collation there was a peace agreement which stated that the SC would be autonomous vassals of the NC. With trade renewed between the two states the city of Kim grew in power because of the new wealth. With this wealth roads were built and army was reformed and the Northern people were happy. The South were concerted, however, because the growth of Kim would mean that the North would have more power to declare war on the South and centralize them under the Kimite government. Because of this the leaders of the Southern Collation decided to send settlers to found a city on the coast in order to compete with the city of Kim. and thus the Colorado Confederation expands South down to the OTL Gulf of California.
 * Portugal: Continues a notable buildup in military strength and allows for a vigorous training program on the existing military forces attempting to train them up heavily. Meanwhile, the administration continues to be reformed, and agriculture and commerce are encouraged. Meanwhile, Portugal continues to develop its navy. Meanwhile, Portuguese traders continue visiting the Castilian settlements in the Canaries. Meanwhile, wheat continues to be cultivated in Leiname. By this time, the colony in Leiname starts to export wheat to Portugal. Meanwhile, some Portuguese explorers continue to explore the African coast. The Açores continue to be settled. Meanwhile, the new ships that been developed, called naus, and that are similar to the Castilian carracks, begin to be used. Naval explorations directed to the west continue, after news that new lands may have been found there. Meanwhile, Sophia of Austria gives birth to a girl, who is named Sofia. Meanwhile, Vera Cruz expands north by 200 sq km.
 * The Kingdoms of Ayutthaya continue in their campaigns of expansion. Selebar falls in late July, and it's annexed unto the Kingdoms of Ayutthaya. The 75,000 troops that remain after they smashed through the Selebarian armies are now re-inforced by conscripts from the conquered nation itself, evenly mixed in with Ayutthayan troops- this prevents rebellions from the Selebar region. The army of 90,000 now march south into Selebar, led by King Ramesuan himself. The High Lord of the Kingdoms of Ayutthaya marches into Tulang Bawang. Meanwhile, his advisors consolidate his empire back into the nation proper. The renovation projects continue in the cities of Ayutthaya, and now also Pagaruyung and Selebar, to win the hearts and minds of the people. Meanwhile, in the army, new medical techniques gained from trade with Rome save many soldiers who would have otherwise died, and the practices begin to spread to the civilian populace. With the Purists wiped out, religious tolerance is at an all time high, with all three major religions co-existing in peace. The Zoroastrian religions continue to spread in Malacca, where the new attitudes of relgious tolerance foster the religion to new heights, and a significant minority of the city's population converts. The King's advisors, led by a rich merchant called Loethai Jainukul, quickly institute laws banning chattel slavery, but legalizing debt-based slavery; the result is a giant leap forward in the economy, as bankruptancy all but disappears. Meanwhile, our relations with our vassals improve as we march alongside them into battle to further the cause of peace and prosperity. All vassals NOT at war expand their economies. Ayutthayan ships land off the coast of the Marrikuwuyanga, and talks begin to set up a trading post, though with the wars and all, it is unlikely such a goal could be acheived in the next 25 years. With the civil war in Alexandria, Ayutthaya abides by the treaty and sends a small fleet of 15 warships to aid in supplying the Alexandrian armies. We continue to trade with the Romans and Alexandrians, and with Madakisakara, China and Japan. We also express support for our allies in the Dai Viet, investing gold in their economy in order to help them become a larger trading power. Our armies make swift progress in Tulanf Bawang, taking four major cities in just three months. The nation is expected to fall next year, but instead collapses under Ayutthayan armies this very turn, with our navy helping, attacking their cities with cannonades and artillery barrages from land knocking out their walls. The Spire of Indaraja is finally completed, a statue of King Chairacha crowning it, making it the tallest man-made structure on Earth, just slightly topping out the Pyramids of Giza. The Road of Gold, or "T̄hnn thxng", is completed as well, linking all of mainland Ayutthaya. The Road of God, however, is delayed to 1510, such that it may run through the territories of Tulang Bawang, Selebar and Pagaruyung. There is a small rebellion in Selebar, and another two in Pagaruyung. However, the King's Vizier, Jainukul - who also instituted the anti-chattel slavery laws - leads the Golden Army down south, and with just those 3000 troops, smashes the living shit out of the rebels, but also helps in rebuilding the infrastructure of the area, blasting propaganda telling the - mostly oblivious people - that the Ayutthayans are here to save them from their oppressors. We thank the Dutch for their valiant efforts aiding us, and the 2000 soldiers they sent us. <3 xD
 * ​Fusahito Dip: The Emperor asks the King to join him in a Holy War against the blight of the slave trade in Eastern Asia.
 * The Kingdoms of Ayutthaya will agree, if you mean purely chattel slavery (debt-based is still legal - and encouraged - in Ayutthaya), and if you allow us two years to finish off the Sundans.
 * Grand Duchy of Bavaria: Grand Duchess Eleanor thanks Thuringia and Saxony for the alliances. Eleanor continues petitioning the lords of Thuringia for manpower and tribute (Turn Three out of Six). Starting in 1499, Eleanor also begins petitioning the lords of Saxony for tribute as well (Turn Two out of Six). Landshut expands its military. The population continues to rise. Grand Duchess Eleanor and her council continue to allow the training of new troops. Several markets are constructed in Landshut as well as trade houses for Austrian and Castilian traders. In Austria, several new ships begin being constructed, with twenty-five very large cogs being finished, and by 1500 a trade route is put in place. Such important places in the trade route include Rome, Athens, Constantinople, Gibraltar, and the coasts of Brittany, due to a longstanding trade deal. Continuing in 1500, Eleanor commissions six cogs to sail around western Mediterranean coasts. The market center in Landshut continues to attract Bavarian and Venetian traders. In religious news, around 76% of the country adheres to the Western Church. Most adherents live around Munchen and Landshut. In other news, Bavaria continues implementing the Alliance and Merchant Act as well as the Militia and Navy Act. Eleanor ends her predecessor's policies of advancing Sedevanticism in the government. As the new Grand Duchess, Eleanor continues to vet and interrogate most of the powerful nobles of Bavaria. To work more efficiently, she appoints Vallerio Volpe as her spymaster. By the end of the year, Eleanor hosts a more developed middle class in Trausnitz than her numerous predecessors had. This earns her the sobriquet "The Middling Queen" to flavor the already popular "Merchant Queen" title. In other news, Eleanor continues to develop her cousin's seemingly successful administrative policies. Court physicians continue to bathe in religious ceremonies, hoping to appease God. In national news, the common courts continue to be implemented around Bavaria as several of the lower class make use it of. The serf laws begin to be used as well. While not extremely active, as many as three dozen serfs earn their freedom by the end of the year. Many freed serfs find work and home in the cities, while others continue to informally live on their lords' lands. This situation becomes a status quo and is foreseen to last the century. Many skeptics of Eleanor's reforms predict they will not affect Bavaria much until 1500. In educational news, Eleanor expresses interest of opening the Queen Isabell University to more men. Eleanor further incorporates the Collegiate Writs, allowing many more lower class men to enter college, after an exchange of 100 ducats and an agreement to lodge within the college. In legal news, Eleanor continues to introduce the Bavarian Commands, which are a set of laws pertaining to the royalty and the privileges of the head. In other news, Oldenburg is no longer embargoed. The war with Scandinavia finally draws to a close, ending one of the first wars Bavaria has seen in over eighty years whilst also being one the biggest. In others news, Eleanor's health begins to decline in late 1500. The Grand Duchess turns 66 this year, old in the eyes of many, and begins to suffer from physical weakness. Due to this, Franz-Albert assumes control of the government. He does this as opposed to his father, Robert of Italy, for he died in 1488. However, amongst all the gloom and sadness, Princess Elisabeth, youngest child of Eleanor, finds a husband in the form of Vittorio Erani. They marry within the year, and at the age of 30, Elisabeth gives birth to her first child. It is a son, who she names Albert.
 * Munchen: By 1500, the total class of Queen Isabell University amounts to about 4700 men. Troops authorized by Eleanor continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The Collegiate Writs begin to draw more men to college. The war against Scandinavia draws to a close,
 * Straubing: Troops authorized by Eleanor continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Ingolstadt: Troops authorized by Eleanor continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burgau: Troops authorized by Eleanor continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Nurnburg: Troops authorized by Eleanor continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burggrafschaft: Troops authorized by Eleanor continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Bamberg: Troops authorized by Eleanor continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Wurzburg: Troops authorized by Eleanor continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The clergy of Wurzburg find small solace as the Grand Duchess is the somewhat temperate, analytic Eleanor. The war against Scandinavia draws to a close.
 * The Prussians and their vassals continue to fight against the Germans and the Russians.
 * The Kingdoms of Great Albion (Scotland and England) - member nation of the UKGA: Many ships are modernized and replaced to keep the Royal Albion Navy a powerful forces on the high seas. Port Edmundburg continues to experience a growth in population. Albionic settlers continue to explore the surrounding areas. The dialect of English originally found in Scotland and the Eire grows so large that it covers most of the North of England. This new dialect is called Bythigish (portmanteau of Brython and English). English nobles begin to enjoy the Celtic myths of Eire and Scotland. Port Edmundburg expands by 200 sq km The Templar Order continues to undercut the King's enemies and seeks ways to privately grow the power of the King and Albion as a whole. The Order buys up many smaller businesses and collectivizes some farms. The Order begins to expand into other areas of Europe, seeking to grow understanding as well as pushing Albionic ideals. Albion continues to explore  farther west. King Edmund II dies in bed after fighting a long series of illnesses, his son James of Tyne, becomes King James I. The Western Exploration Committee grants a charter to the Royal Plymouth Company to establish a small colony near OTL Boston, The colonies proposed name is New Gotham. Cartographer Alfred Reddington begins mapping the coasts of the New World. With the lottery complete, Reddington tentatively names the northern landmass Borealia. The colony settled last year is reorganised as the Crown Colony of New Cambridgeshire (OTL Massachutsetts) and the centre of this small colony is New Rotham (OTL Boston). New Rotham expands 250 sq km west. With the war over, troops return home with spirits slightly dampened but with a renewed anger against Hamburg. The King declares Hamburg an enemy of the Crown and bans all trade between Albion and Hamburg, The Bank of Albion refuses loans to North Germans and any loans and aid provided to Hamburg in the past is cancelled. Privateers begin to traget shipping. Military recruiting increases massively as propaganda campaigns begin to turn public opinion against Hamburg. In other news, a diplomatic entourage is sent to Bavaria to formally improve relations post war.
 * Brittany: Brittany is officially placed under Albionic influence. The military and navy are expanded.
 * Calais: Military and navy are expanded.
 * Dublin: Dublin undergoes another remodel and expansion to the ports due to the massive influx of trade from Castile and Venice as well as an increased Eire trade.
 * Scotland: Expands navy and military. Pan Albion sentiments grow, Trade increases. Whiskey is traded down to central Albion.
 * Wales: Wales expands its military and navy. Cardiff becomes a large centre of trade for Wales. The Welsh appoint Adam Cyrdger as Royal Minister. The first sessions of parliament are held. Wales does not see as large a population boom as Albion or Scotland, but a minor one, centered around Cardiff and Swansea, does occur.
 * Bavarian Dip: Prince Franz-Albert graciously accepts the entourage and sends one to Albion as well. The construction of embassies in both nations is offered as well.
 * Albion Dip: An embassy is granted for the Duchy of Bavaria in the former Roscol House on embassy row.
 * Natigosteg L'nu Dip: The Natigosetg L'nu request a trade pact with Albion. They offer furs and ivory in exchange for metal tools and weapons. They also request that a L'nu ambassador be transported back to Albion to see the land from which these colonists came.
 * Albion Dip: Albion graciously accepts the trade pact and offers from the Natigosetg L'nu, we also agree to transport diplomats to and from Albion.
 * Otago Maori: Expands military, expands land.
 * |onte continues to have a large surplus of grain. Though adopting "western farming", the idea of "the tribe" is still very much so alive, as people always share the crops they have grown, or the animals they have hunted amongst the community. Mon's children advocate the planting of trees in small groves. Throughout the year, Mon's children go elephant hunting, though it is very dangerous, as they are hunting them with arquebuses, and the whole process requires much co-ordination. However, the results are said to be spectacular, as the tribe gains new wealth in the collected ivory, and the elephant meat is considered a rarity. The season resulted in six elephants being killed. Much of the younger generation knows how to hunt, and begin to help their parents, increasing the prosperity of the tribe. Not only do they know how to hunt, but in accordance with tribal tradition, each one of them may become a warrior if the need be, trained both in the arquebus and the bow, though the arquebus is gaining much ground against the arrow. |onte is becoming very rich with money made from elephant hunting, as they have nothing to spend the money on. Ma-n!o, the one that studied Castillian navy, commerce, the army, and how they are built, having commissioned the building of three large ships (to be used for trade, and exploration) which he predicts to be done in one year. Debarubo, who studied both the army and the arts, halts his conquering spree, and begins raiding the newfound tribes to the north. Mon II presents the Dutch with a gift of ivory.
 * Castile:  King Ferdinand unable to resist the opportunity of the new lands heard of immediately commissions more trading companies to cross the seas and scout out these new lands. Leaving from multiple points the fleets reach the new lands and immediately go their separate ways. One fleet, the smallest of the three composing of seven ships, sails south mapping and cataloguing go much farther south than they believed finding a huge natural harbor. This hints to these men to be the perfect place for a trade outpost as well as a city in the future.. The Colony of Buenos Aires expands by (15 px) up the coast and establishes a captaincy farther south with a small colonial town of barely 80-100 people. The Castilian populace reaches about ten million and growing. The Spanish army of Castile and Aragon continues to push deep into Mayan territory taking their capital and working its way to other Mayan cities. The Castilian monarchy sends an envoy to preside over the war and any treaties in Germany. The Kingdom itself begins to expand its armed forces to nearly 80,000 and sends more military ships to Monaco to protect it from any aggression. The Castilian forces begin training exercizes. The Navy also begins to make serious advances in technology and armed attack formations along with its pushes out into the wide seas. The Colony of Buenos Aires reaches a population of about 8000 and growing with the first families and women showing up. Castile proposes the official Franco-Spanish Alliance culminating in years of co-operation, trade relations, and their involvement in the Aragonian succession war. This alliance is to encompass France and Castile's proper territories and vassals. This is done to ward away many of the problems faced by the northern nations in their constant back and forth stuggle for territory. 
 * Kingdom of Aragon:  With Castilian assistance various infrastructural areas are rebuilt and the military is expanded to a token force of 10,000. Along with this support the Aragonian economy recovers slowly with a slow but controlled influx of Castilian economic aid helping Aragon recover. The ruling magistrate over Aragon signs a landmark trade deal with Castile which allows for Aragon's usage of Castile's large amounts of trade posts down the coast of Africa. The Aragonians now in control of the Spanish South African trading company fund the creation of the expansion of the Trade outpost into a formal colony to be settled much like Morocco and Granada were by Castile. The Colony of Cape Ferdinand expands 10 px up the coast and establishes a captainacy on the mouth of the Orange River. It's mostly populated by Castilians who are the main people moving to the colonies. Aragon's population continues to be culturally integrated with the next generation speaking primarily Spanish with Catalan being phased out by the newer generation. Aragonian troops continue to fight with Castile in the Mayan homeland making massive progress.
 * Kingdom of Cyprus:  The King of Cyprus is now King Alexander of Cyprus. The King of Cyprus begins to see Castilian culture not as a dominant force but a possible blendable culture that can fit well within Cypriot society. The economy and military of the country is built up as is the infrastructure with a nice road system being built throughout the country. Cyprus, gaining large funds from being a Castilian trade hub, begins building a few ships domestically, and purchases ships from Castile, or her allies shipwrights forming a respectable Cypriot navy of almost 90 ships with expected expansion to come. This expansion has been achieved specifically thanks to huge amounts of outsourcing to private shipwrights. Cyprus begins to see an exodus of the Knights Hospitaller west to Castile and her territories and King Matthias begins a larger recruitment for the military managing to raise a force of nearly 10,000. This force is largely funded through the large trade Cyprus has gathered. The troops are styled after Castile's royal army and Cyprus embarks on an intense training program in order to bring them up to standards. The Knights, with many departing, also have many older and other knights stay due to their close ties with Cyprus. They remain to run the Knights Hospitaller in Cyprus for the foreseeable future while a large number have migrated across the sea. The Kingdom of Cyprus due to the recent issues in Castile reluctantly recognizes Carlos and his Regency for Prince Ferdinand. Cyprus itself with its fleet of nearly 100 ships begins to take after the Venetian example with trade and begins to put Cypriot merchant ships into state possession for trade in order to help with the kingdom's finances and heavy trade. This show immediate results as a relative increase in funding and attention to trade between Castile and her allies begins to improve the quality of trade. The Assassins Guild sets up in Cyprus looking to prevent issues in the kingdom with corruption and serving as their base into Muslim countries.
 * Kingdom of Morocco:  The country begins the construction of various canals and cultivates trees farther inland to help increase arable farmland. The Moroccan economy continue to expand with greater trade coming from Castile and the Canaries all the way down to Capo Verde increasing the relative wealth. The Kingdom with many canals having been completed has vastly expanded its farmland among other things. Morocco's total population reaches one million with Christianity becoming dominant in the area. Calne-Vicuna is finished and is opened as an center for Christianity in North Africa with a library said to rival old Alexandria's. The Moroccan Assassins Guild forms and spreads keeping the peace and killing the corrupt as well as making Morocco much more peaceful for Castilian Rule. The Kingdom of Morocco officially enters into a personal union with Castile following the magistrates and princes deeming it unneccesary for the King to not have full control in the country. The Magistrates, however, are fully re-instated to continue as they were just under direction of the King of Castile.
 * Kongo:  The Kingdom begins to work toward a trade and production economy focusing on helping provide resources for Castile's burgeoning West African trade network. The King of the Kongo converting to Christianity and being baptised begins to call for the expansion of ports to the best of the Kongolese architects' abilities. With the King also adopts the name John, in favor of the king who began these exploratory operations down the coast of Africa. The King also organized a band of Christian soldiers who help keep the peace who also begin to help with conversions to Christianity as a series of missionaries and high level priests from the Western Church have come on a ship hearing of many pagans and heretics to convert. The King makes multiple successful campaigns against various of the petty kings in Kongo killing two of them and leaving the third on the run. The Christianization of multiple areas is completed and multiple others are begun. The Kingdom of the Kongo in an attempt to increase economic output and trade begins to export a moderate amount of raw materials to Castile and begins to push toward heavy exploitation methods if possible.
 * Mapuche: With the defeat by the Spanish a royal governor is appointed by the Castilians. The governor immediately goes to work to prevent his workforce from being killed by disease and to prevent revolts and by immediately marching groups of about 1000 people to the colonial capital. These people are immediately transferred onto available ships and throughout the year are sent up the coast via Spanish ships to a location unknown to the Mapuche. The royal governor also makes it imperative for the territory to extend to the coast expanding 1500 sq km to the south east. The Mapuche also continuing to see major issues from European contact are given orders to isolate themselves if they are sick to prevent further expansion of the disease. The governor also manages to gain a force of about 200 as a garrison.  Jarvan IV works with the Grand Council to plan various settlements and a new capital port city.
 * France: Military, navy and economy are built up. The war in Tunisia is finally over, with the death of nearly 500,000 Muslims in the entire country leaving the population at 500,000 Muslims. While this, the first settler ship lands in a small town in ruins, built mostly of wood sticks with hay to cover them from the weather, the settlers soon find a few people they call the Aurienne which is the word used by Jean-Pierre d'anais as they have golden rings in their noses and some other gold objects in their new settlement only a few miles away from the ruins, the settlers use the ruins of the village as a base for the city, which they call Nouvelle Orleans due to its nearby vicinity to what they call the River Aurienne as the people due to many small villages close to them. The settlers soon begin discussing with the people who tell them about once a great nation that ruled over them but that fell into crisis a few years prior. hearing this increases the many adventurers in the colony and initiates an exploration campaign soon in the region. While this, another group of the same colony decides to return to France. Yet it fails to and lands in OTL Falcon, Venezuela founding the capitaincy of Saint Augustine of Sableville. While this, the Nation begins driving its vassals closer to the French government. France asks an alliance with the UK of Albion.
 * Burgundy: Military and navy are built up. Economy expands.
 * Bourbon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Lorraine: Military and economy are built up.
 * Verdun: Military and economy are built up.
 * Saluzzo: Military and economy are built up.
 * Sardinia: Military and economy are built up. The population reaches 300 thousand once again. most of them Sardinians (41%) followed by the French (38%) and the Carthaginians (French Tunisians) (18%) and the remaining 3% of other groups.
 * Basel: Military and economy are built up.
 * Aargau: Military and economy are built up. The French presence begins to be felt. However, the attempts to establish a pro-Germanic government in order to avoid eventual uprisings, internal vassalization begins as well to fully convince German leadership.
 * Andorra: Military and economy are built up.
 * Africa: Military and economy are built up. The war is finally over and Tunisia is completely annexed.
 * Albion Dip: Albion accepts.
 * Hesse: After a period of nothingness coming from the Grand Duchy, we begin opening up again. Karl I, having lived a very lonely life at the helm of the Grand Duchy, marries a local peasant woman, named Luise. They have a boy named 'Phillip I', The nobility, after hearing that Karl has had relations with a peasant, plus his iron-fisted and childish rule, rise up against Karl, and murder him. His father, Heinrich III, is still missing after he murdered Wilhelm I and his sons. Hermann IV is still not eligible due to his distance from the mainland, and recent isolationism on his island. The nobility elects to have absolute primogeniture, which gives the regency title to Eva, who is now Princess-Regent of the Hessian nation. Phillip will become Grand Duke at his proper time. We begin re-vassalizing Padeborn. (One of Five turns).
 * Marrikuwuyanga Empire: The tribes had returned to the lands they had been previously forced to abandon and quickly settled. Due to the large ships provided by the Ayutthaya, the people were able to easily travel to the Tiwi Islands and return in time. This increased Emperor Yada Gulpilil's popularity who was now worshipped and referred to as the Almighty. The Emperor considered himself God, disregarding the fact that it was the Ayutthaya that had provided him with the medicine, ships and food. The Emperor called upon the tribes neighboring Marrikuwuyanga to give up their false gods and worship Emperor Yada. The Marrikuwuyanga had declared that any tribe that peacefully united with the Marrikuwuyanga would be allowed to keep their land, women, gold, etc, but anyone who resisted would be punished severely. The tribes specifically targeted were the Jawoyn, Yalngu and the Dangbon who controlled large territories. When a forest fire resulted in the deaths of 11 men from the Dangbon tribe, Emperor Yada declared that it was proof of his wrath and divinity. The Emperor Yada Gulpilil agreed to allow Ayutthaya to preach Hinduism and Buddhism as long as they mentioned the Emperor was God himself and the Ayutthaya made sure that the new converts did not attempt to replicate the Emperor's divinity. In return, the Ayutthaya had sent 1000 regulars for Marrikuwuyangan army. Meanwhile, Marrikuwuyanga's influence continued to increase within the neighbouring tribes and the military was strengthened. Trade boosted Marrikuwuyanga's economy. A Marrikuwuyanga ship traveled across half of the world (not really) and made contact with the natives of Timor
 * Yalngu: The people of Yalngu worshipped Emperor Yada Gulpilil as their God and sacrificed a virgin in his honor every year. Many of their men joined the Marrikuwuyanga's military and extensive work on the development of Yalngu's infrastructure continued.
 * Jawoyn: Having accepted the union, Marrikuwuyanga's soldiers soon had stormed into Jawoyn territory. Emperor Yada Gulpilil was declared a God and the people of Jawoyn worshipped him. They were introduced to the Ayutthaya, ships, medicines and modern weaponry and had their economy developed through trade and military through training
 * Hamburg-Mecklenburg: the populace rejoices over the victory over the victory over Scandinavia. In the streets of the City of Hamburg, chants of "Hamburg, Hamburg" soon give way to "Friedrich der Grosse, Friedrich der Grosse". Hamburg is awarded the former Scandinavian vassals of Lübeck, Bremen, and Holstein. The Bishop of Bremen personally thanks Duke Friedrich for freeing them after the Norse forced the Western Church on them. The people of Lübeck celebrate, their liberation by their old allies-in-trade, and co-founder of the Hanseatic League. Celebration in Holstein is more subdued, due to a sizable Norse minority, but most of the ethnic Germans celebrate as well, in addition to the expulsion of Scandinavian influence from the Holy Roman Empire. Immediately work begins on rebuilding from the war. The loan calls are ignored by Albion are ignored, as they were mostly paid off. Their propaganda campaign also go ignored, though and anti-Albion campaign is soon launched. Diplomats are sent to Prussia and the Netherlands, expressing interest in rebuilding relations. During the course of war, the Hamburg navy captured a couple of Scandinavian naval vessels. Noticing the superiority to Hamburg's design, they are heavily inspected, and schematics are drawn up. Friedrich's wife informs him she gave birth to a boy during the war, named Friedrich, himself. As per the stipulation with Oldenburg, Prince Friedrich is removed from the line of succession for Oldenburg. Exploration continues.
 * Magdeburg: Troops return home.
 * Lübeck: Work begins on rebuilding.
 * Bremen: Work begins on rebuilding.
 * Holstein: Following the war, Duke Friedrich appoints his brother, Heinrich, as Count of Holstein. While on a ride together, Friedrich inquired as what the between from Holstein's coasts are. When told about sixty miles, he pointed out that its half the length of the Philiadelphi Canal. Ludwig Veit is asked to draw up designs for a canal crossing Holstein.
 * Alexandrian Diplomacy: We offer to assist if we can with the canal crossing Holstein.
 * Madagasikara: continues to advance as a nation with constantly improving economic, cultural and political capabilities. Trade and production of valuable spices continue at the same time that the nation continues to experience massive cultural, scientific, religious, economic, and linguistic changes. Meanwhile, the nation focuses on naval development both for the protection of trade but also to defend our nation and possibly conduct offensive endeavors. King Esteban continues to focus on developing a military that would be able to compete with the other notable Swahili armies. With a reciprocal embargo placed upon al-Swahili, their economy begins to suffer even greater than ours. The Andrés and the Tiavina continue to be used in practice drills in which they lead the Madagasikaran navy. Esteban the Pious continues to fund missionary activities throughout the Diocese, regardless of earthly domain. This gains him much favor among the people of the University and the religious clergy, but irritates merchants who blame the missionaries for the embargo with al-Swahili. Last years purchase of hundreds of firearms prompt creation of a new industry - manufacturing. Especially in the city of Antsiranana, manufacturing begins to become an integral part of the local economy, with weapons leading the push. Military organization continues to be clan-based. In Betsileo, plans for the impending integration of Christmas 1504 continue to be developed. In order to promote the successes of this movement, more and more Christian missionaries reach the backwater areas and educate the populace in Latinized Malagasy as well as Christian cultural elements which have developed in Madagasikara. Economy turn.
 * Sofala, Mtwara, Mozambika, and Pembara all continue to merge culturally with Madagasikaran culture due to the popular and proven process of sending the firstborn son to Mahajanga or any other insular city of Madagasikara. Infrastructure in these frontier regions is improved, as roads and small forts and garrisons along the frontier are built over time. This encourages settlement, and two states expand; Sofala heads north as Mozambika heads south. Plans to combine Mtwara and Pembara are in the works.
 * ​Castilian Dip: We declare the region below Mozabika to be an area of Spanish interest and we demand that Madagasikara's vassal of Mozambika go no farther south than the Mozambika region. (OTL Mozambique).
 * The Nation of the Oirats: Cement and iron increase in production. Iron weapons are now majorly used. As we increase in population, we slowly target our expansion northward. We expand 60 px to the north. We continue to develop our firearms. We continue to study the printing press and make more of them. We begin building up our military and create even tougher practices. We expand our settlement at North Baikal Lake. We begin sending our soldiers next to the Baikal Jurchens. We began building cannon foundries and build another model, the 12 inch cannon. The Oirats halt the use of Chinese currency, a part of the vassalage agreement and starts using the Oirat currency, nearly alike to the Chinese currency.
 * Oirat D: We ask the Jianzhou Jurchens to form the Great Eurasian Alliance with us.
 * Oirat D: We ask Safavid and Mughal to sign a joint three way trade agreement http://althistory.wikia.com/wiki/Eurasian_Trade_Agreement_(Principia_Moderni_III_Map_Game)
 * Safavidian Dip: We are in and already signed.
 * Natigosteg L'nu: On the island of Natigosteg, Gespeg, a charismatic chieftain, suceeds in uniting the several disparate tribes into one alliance, led, of course, by him. He has grandiose plans to create a powerful kingdom on the model of Tsenacommacah or Cahokia to the south. Accordingly, he forces the tribes to plant corn and wild rice rather than simply hunting. As a result, the food supply stabilizes and the population remains steady rather than dropping over the winter as usual. The tribes' fishing ground son the Labrador coast expand 2000 km northeast along the coast as more and more people move there. In the meantime, one of these new arrivals adopts an injured caribou. Using it as bait, he is able to capture several more, forming a tame herd who are able to supply him with milk and fur. His neighbours copy him. Meanwhile, after hearing news of nations with huge canoes and metal weapons to the south, tribesmen are sent south along the coast, where they reach the Albionic colonies.
 * Safavid Empire: We build up our military and navy. We continue to build walls and outposts around our capital city. The building of the biggest mosque in the nation is continuing now. Port cities are being rebuilt. More ships are being made for our navy. Our own version of guns are being made. Farming is becoming one of the most important industries, besides blacksmiths, trading, and fishing. The building of the first college in the capital city is continuing. We agree to the trade agreement with the Oirat. The plans for how to make guns are given to us from the Oirats in our trade. Now guns can be mass produced in our country. We start to make more woodblock printing presses for our libraries. Prototype cannons at three feet long are being made.
 * Just FYI, since you probably don't know. You have the woodblock printing press (it's on wikipedia).
 * Fusahito Theocracy: The city of Sendai begins to grow, with many members of the nobility eager to buy property in the newly constructed city. Similarly, many of the lesser nobility,craftsmen and artisans clamour to live in the modern city. Gifts are sent to the other Daimyos to improve relations, including gold and jade. The Emperor continues with a series of reforms meant to gradually phase out and then abolish slavery in Japan, cracking down on the continuation of the purchase and sale of slaves. The new religious police, modelled on the Chinese Jinyiwei begin to crack down on the slave trade, with full authority to arrest, interrogate and punish anybody suspected of opposing the Emperor's decrees - including the nobility. Imperial warships are used to patrol the coast of the Theocracy, searching for slave ships. Any ship found to be carrying slaves is taken as a prize, with the crews used as forced labour, increasing the size of the navy Military turn. The slaves that these ships are carrying are released at the next port, whilst the captain is hung from the mast of his ship. Work is completed cobbling the main roads out of the capital. The Yamana State continues to have closer ties with the Fusahito Theocracy, with the Daimyo being made welcome at the Fusahito court and plied with gifts. Year three of seven. The Emperor calls upon the Ryukyu Kingdom to join the Theocracy in the abolition of the slave trade. Mod response, please.
 * Isshiki State: The Isshiki State transfers further powers to the Theocratic government in Kyoto, completing the merge of the army with the Imperial Army. Military turn
 * Scandinavian Empire: As the war dwindles down, it is apparant that Bremen is lost. Luckily, the incredibly powerful Scandinavian navy is able to keep the Germans at bay, so to speak, in Jutland. The Treaty of Berlin is signed this year, ending the war. Scandinavia, while disappointed in its defeat, will actively work to reclaim its territory from the maurading Germans. Scandinavia responds to the war by closing the Skagerrak and Oresund to all Pskovian, Hamburg, and Novgorod ships. To follow up, the North Sea Trading Alliance is offered discounts and thanks for its assistance in damage-control. Scandinavia promises to repay the debt in full to each and every nation in the North Sea Trading Alliance when it is able. Scandinavia works on expanding its military. The Duchy of Karelia is hereby formed. The nation of Prussia is offered a military alliance. In other news, Oldenburg is thanked for requesting neutrality by the Holy Roman Empire. Scandinavia hopes to improve relations with the reasonable German state.
 * Schleswig: The military is expanded as Schleswig works to reduce the damage.
 * Karelia: The military is expanded in Karelia's first year of life.
 * Albion Diplomacy: Albion thanks Scandinavia for the discounts. The Bank of Albion offers to fund rebuilding efforts with a low interest rate. Specialists from Scotland arrive to discuss military plans.
 * Oldenburger Diplomacy: We are also keen to maintain good relations, and the count says "We are only sorry we culd not get more German states to remain neutral. If we go meddling in other country's affairs, it sets a precedent for them to go meddling in ours."
 * Oyo Empire: Oyo continues its production of the twelve-gun eranko ships, which come to replace the nlanla as the main warships of the Oyo nation. Elsewhere, Oyo continues its negotiations with Zanzibar, and continues to seek a port treaty with the island nation. Back in Oyo, the military, economy, and infrastructure are expanded, while the arts and literature are promoted by the government. Trade with Europe increases, though Oyo trade ships begin to shift their attention toward nations such as France, Venice, and Albion, seeking to diversify their trade outside of Castille. The census is held by the government, and reveals a population of 9,835,110 citizens. The military continues to sharpen its techiques, seeking to increase its training with its vast gunpowder arsenal. With a large army and little to do with it, the military begins to focus on increasing the capabilities of the individual soldier, and enhance their lethality on the field through a strong regimen of professionalism. A steady and regular payment system for the soldiers is set up, and with the nation's wealth at such a point that a steady income is possible, as well as a large harvest each and every year, Oyo is able to maintain a large professional military force all-year. The government puts a cap on the military's size, maintaining it at 125,000 warriors.
 * Mod response: accepted.
 * Milan: Work continues on the Certosa di Pavia, the Castle Visconteo, and on the extensive Milan Cathedral. We continue training a proper standing army, utilizing Swiss mercenaries and local recruits. With border disputes now settled between the nations of Austria and Switzerland, we continue opening friendly relations with both nations in hopes of repairing our diplomatic relations and protecting our northern border. We continue constructing cogs and galleys to strengthen our navy and protect our interests on the seas. Our turn is dedicated to military in both our nation and our vassals. After years of planning, we declare war on the nation of Venice in retaliation for their previous attack on us. We stress to the world powers that this will not be a destructive war, and that we will aid the Romans in Crete to limit Venice’s military power. Raids begin on the unprepared Venetian trade ships, and dozens of ships are seized or raided. The fleet at Padua blockades a few ports, and we await further re-inforcements to further attack the Venetians on sea. On land we mobilize immediately and occupy Ravenna.
 * Novgorod: We continue the production of ships, cannons, muskets, advanced crossbows, swords, and composite bows, increasing our military capabilities in case of war. The nation’s training and advancement of military continues. The recent classes of Koch ships are being manufactured in Novgorod. The town of St Patriksburg’s population grows a bit more that last year. As the construction of the town improves, the Kremlin finishes, trade becoming more in demand, the town gains slightly. Because of the trade road built with Tver our economy increases. After seeing a great success with the private schools in the cities of Novgorod, St Patriksburg, Staraya Russa, and Nizhny Novgorod. We start building another private school in Rostov and Yaroslavl. We complete building private schools in Torzhok and a private school in Staraya Ladoga. We dedicate this turn to military. With the war against Scandinavia over we sign the Treaty of Berlin. The newly acquired territory of Karelia is established as a vassal of our nation, with the settlement of Petrozavodsk as its capital. Newly founded shortly before the Karelian War, the settlement is expanded to facilitate the appointed government. The city grows to become an important iron foundry for cannons and anchors used in the Baltic Fleet. Many Russians begin to immigrate to the territory again now that hostilities are over, and the population of Karelia increases. In Petrozavodsk alone, a wooden fort is constructed, several covered markets, and a wooden church, known as the church of Saints Peter and Paul. As fur traders and hunters begin to move into Karelia, the border is expanded 3000 sq mi directly to the north. We propose a meeting at Petrozavodsk with the Scandinavians to discuss the border and prevent any further conflict. Known as the Treaty of Karelian Prosperity, we hope to ensure that colonial attempts do not overlap in the future.
 * Tver: We complete the construction of the private school in Tver and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Yaroslavl, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Yaroslavl: We complete the construction of the private school in Yaroslavl and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Rostov: We completed the construction of the private school in Rostov and start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Yaroslavl, Muscovy. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Karelia: We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Rajya of Marwar: The economy continues to expand and the nation begins to influence Jaisalmer (Year Five). During these events, Rao Raja Singh sends more architects from Marwar towho would design Mandirs in the Mughal Empire and also for priests (whose correct name Imp may edit in) to spread Hinduism in the Mughal Empire. The nation also supports numerous marriages between members of the Rajput clans and Mughali noble families. (eco turn)
 * Mughal Empire: The economy of the nations is continued to be developed and architects sent by Emperor-Khan Raja Singh ud-din Muhammad Bahadur develop blueprints for Mandirs all around the Mughal Empire. The capital is moved from Kabul to Lahore, and another new change is being made. Rao Raja Singh, known as Emperor Raja Singh ud-din Muhammad Bahadur in the Mughal Empire, a name he adopted because of Mughali coronation customs, continues replacing current nobility with members of Rajput clans. (Eco turn)
 * Southern Chagatai (PSFSCK): The economy expands while the council of 42 agrees to continue adopting Mughali legislature due to it being considered of high-quality. Although there is some opposition, which states that the laws are being changed by the Indians in a negative way, a majority is for.
 * Eire (Member Nation of the UKGA): Eoghan O'Briain, intrigued by tales of a western land, goes on another voyage in a fleet of six ships sponsored by the King Tomas II, who has attained the title recently gained the title "the Enterprising" for his sponsorship of merchant-class enterprises and especially voyages of exploration. O'Briain is granted a charter by the Eiric Exploration company and gathers a group of traders, adventurers, farmers, and fortune seekers and establishes the colony Nuaphail at OTL Dalhousie (Newpale in English, after the barrier that surrounds the main town which reminds the Irish of the old barrier dividing English Ireland and Irish Ireland, only ironically, the Irish are the ones inside the Pale this time), with the main city being known as Nua Luimneach (New Limerick), as the area it is settled on is akin to the Eiric city of Limerick. Meanwhile, the military is built up, after the Scandinavian War, and bitterness rises against Hamburg and the HRE.
 * County of Oldenburg: Tne year 1500 shall go down in the chronicles as Oldenburg's annus mirabilis. Firstly, the entire nation breathes a collective sigh of relief at the end of the Northern War. Count/Chancellor Christian VI speaks of his gladness that the war has ended so quickly, and that peace has been restored to the region. He is also secretly pleased that the German rebels have been recognised and incorporated into the Empire. In other news, the country is overjoyed by the arrival of Princess Adelheid's first child, Frederich. Even though he will never be Count, many people, nobles and commoners alike, are proud that a man of Oldenburger blood will one day sit on the Hamburger throne. Christian VI hopes his daughter will quickly produce a second child to serve as the future Count of Oldenburg. In yet other news, the expedition to Borealia sets out early in the spring. Sailing with the whaling fleet as far as the Southern tip of Greenland, the two ships sail Westwards for many days until hey sight land (otl Northern coast of Labrador) They name the land Neu Norderney after the East Frisian Island, Norderney. The expedition explores the coast and before they leave, they erect a flagpole, a crucifix, and a plaque in a small bay (where Nain sits OTL). The plaque reads: "In the Year of Our Lord 1500, this land, Neu Norderney was claimed as possession of His Illustriousness the Count of Oldenburg." The expedition the heads home via Dietrichdof and Neu Baltrum. Their return in Oldenburg is cause for great celebration. Another expedition is planned for a few year's time. The Captain who led the expedition is knighted.
 * Prince-Bishopric of Osnabruck: The economy improves.
 * Reacting to the closing of ships to Pskov, the Knyaz of Pskov orders the Merchant navy trapped in the Baltic to be armed, and to transport troops. Pskov, having had minimal involvement in war so far, apart from helping out in sieges and whatnot, and taking Provoo, agree to let the cities go in the Berlin treaty negotiations. Pskov Signs, and the Prince of Pskov himself, now in his sixties, decides to stay behind with the Scandinavian Queen, and negociate a treaty allowing ALL Pskovian Ships to cross the Oresund Unimpeeded for X ammount of years, and Pskov agrees to pay all the damage caused by the Pskovain Army in Scandinavia(also allowing trade posts to be established in said cities of Turku and Provoo).
 * A) The war is over. B) Even then, Pskov could not HOPE to win against the Scandinavian Navy, especially in the Oresund. C) Treaty of Berlin has been signed and closed.
 * Hmmm ... I seem to always miss the shitstorm-ending chats ... also, navy vs navy, there is the allied navy. But whatever, I just wanted to get a word in since I missed the shitstorms ... -Lx (leave me a message)Azarath Flag.png 01:07, May 13, 2014 (UTC)
 * in the Tartary, the population continues growth. The nation expands 5000 sq km eastward into the Yamal and Siberia. The Mastorava continues growth throughout the nation, thusly influencing several surrounding nations, most notably Uzbekistan. The economy and military also grow as they are developed by the government. Several cities grow quite quickly. At court, Alexander turns sixteen, and his schooling ends; he is well-versed in the classics, theory of ruling, and several languages of his nation, amongst other things. Theodore falls ill soon afterwards.
 * Perm and Adyghea develop their economies, while Kazakhstan and Azov do their military.
 * Bengal Sultanate: The decrease in taxes on the landed elite does its job in most areas of the Sultanate, decreasing the tax load on the peasantry and earning him their support. The tax cuts on the merchant class allow for more trade to be conducted, and a recent lax on some of the quota laws allows for more goods to be shipped from Bengal, greatly increasing trade income. Cash crops continue to be grown in large amounts. With our merchants traveling to Ava, Kamarumpa and Arakan regularly, Islam continues to grow in their areas. Most all trade roads continue to see much-needed maintenance. Due to Bengal having control over lands of multiple ethnicities and religions, literary works in the form of poems continue to take influence from all three religions of the Sultanate. Urdu, also called Hindi by some, becomes more common in the Sultanate due to the mixing of Hindu and Islamic ideals. We continue to help finance the Plutocratic State of Jaunpur, Delhi Sultanate and Bahamani Sultanate by sending gifts directly to the nobles/sultans, offering loans from powerful trade bankers, and decreasing the trade taxes over all of Bengal, allowing more of our merchant goods to travel into those states. We also raise a portion of the Sultan's personal levy and then divide it to be sent out to the states' leaders, so that they can do with them what they wish in order to maintain order in their nation. The construction of schools and universities several years ago has led to an increase in scholars and literacy in our nation. Due to the removal of trade barriers among a majority of states in the Indian League, their merchants and ours begin to travel with increased mobility and goods, thereby increasing the trade income and output in the agreeing nations. Several Bengali merchants continue to sponsor gem mines in the Mogok area of Ava, due to the high concentration of gems such as rubies, sapphires, garnets and moonstones, and the first of many mines begin to return with more sucesses. Construction of ships based upon Castilian designs, granted to us by them, continues, in order to further our efforts to explore and trade. Several popular works of poetry, written in Urdu, are bought and stored by the Sultan within his palace in Pandua due to him favoring these particular works over poetic works written in Bengali. Inspired by the recent tale of forgiveness displayed by the Indian nations with the Mughal Empire, a Bengali poet by the name of Brā'una prabala-bāẏu begins work on an epic which details two feuding families, the Byabasāẏīrā's, and the Karmakartārā's. They reside in the mighty city of Gaur and have been at each others throats for decades over the details of the will of one of the Byabasāẏīrā's family members who divided land equally among his children, some of which were daughters who were married to Karmakartārā's men. Not wanting their lands to pass from their realms, the Byabasāẏīrā's hid the will and kept the lands for themselves. After many decades of strife, open fighting, and near total war in the streets of Gaur, the grandchildren of these two families finally gave up their struggle, not even understanding truly the cause for the strife, and have since found the will, allowing the Byabasāẏīrā's to give the rightful lands of Karmakartārā's to them, giving peace to the land.
 * ​Emirate of Andamana: Illyas-Sasaska continues to reclaim land on the island to make room for farms, and to have timber for building both boats and houses. The Emirate expands another 500 km onto the island. The ships built by the timber from the island help contribute to Bengali trade. Continues working on economy and infrastructure.
 * Rajya of Orissa: Kapilendra Deva continues to listen to his advisers and bring about several reforms to his nation that make it more Islamic friendly, one of which is new, and calls for the creation of one mosque for each Hindu temple in the name of tolerance, when in reality, his advisers have prescribed this to bring about larger Islamic influence. The new University of Bhubanēśbara (Bhubaneswar) finishes construction and now houses several classes ranging from literature to economics.
 * Swargadeo of Kamarupa: Now vassalized by Bengal, the Swargadeo of Ahom continues to receive extensive help in creating viable farmland. They do this by continuing a process of land reclamation in the northern part of the state, which is largely marshy and thinly populated. This process of reclamation begins by using dikes, embankments and irrigation systems. The land reclamation, having been going on for decades, is extremely successful in creating viable farmland for rice, grain and other staple crops, increasing Kamarupa's population and their yearly trade output.
 * Vorlayacor:  The Mapuche people refer to their new home as Vorlayacor so frequently that it is now the de facto name of the Mapuche nation. Jarvan IV arrives in Vorlayacor; about 5000 Mapuche and 2000 other Americans have migrated to the territory to date. Others are being brought via Spanish ships, others are making the journey by foot, and still others perish of disease, although that number is beginning to decrease. Scouting parties are sent around the territory to ascertain locations of natural resources and assess whether the land is useful for farming. Most families begin to form one large settlement as a port town, called Nov Xoryan (OTL Sao Paolo), while a minority chooses to settle farther inland. Jarvan, seeing an opportunity to form a cohesive capital city and create the port the Spaniards desire, carefully plans the layout of Nov Xoryan. As most Mapuche have not yet adapted to the coastal and tropical aspects of Vorlayacor, a significant portion of the year's harvest fails, creating nationwide food problems.
 * Alexandria: Trade continues to increase as the ports are re-established. More people are converted to Coptic Christianity due to the See of Saint Mark's presence. Many Muslims reconsider their faith seeing the prosperity that Christians live in. Resources are sent to Aiguptia to maintain and protect the canal as that process continues and workers are encouraged to go seek out this opportunity. The economy continues to pick up as trade expands to SE Asia. . The land acquired from Yemen by the Red Sea continues to see a port town established for sailors and merchants to rest before going into the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean, there is a medium increase in population as more people look to get into the trade business and travel from Castile and the Netherlands requires a stop for their sailors. In the province of Judea soldiers are to protect both Christian, Islamic and Jewish pilgrimages. Small amounts of conversions in Judea take place mainly converting Christians and Muslims to Coptic Christianity. Alexandria moves troops into the south as the region is to keep the region calm and free of revolt. OTL Goa and Karachi continue to become a massive destination for Alexandrian trades and relationships continued to be established. Grigorios's engineers continue plans of a reconstructed lighthouse on the cite of the citadel. Relations are continued with the nation Vijaynagar, an we continue establish more posts along the coast, especially at Goa. Kafta and Kyricos become bolder and are taught to rule. Immigration from traders and trading families increases to the trade enclaves in Alexander's Strait and the Somali enclaves. Alexandria's soldiers are sent to fight the rebels in the south and in Cairo. Asks fellow Christian nations in Nubia and Eastern Europe for assistance to end the islamic revolt. Eco Turn. The Red Sea Trade Company is formed in order to deal with states along the Red Sea and creating safe and constant trade in the area. It is owned by the Great Eastern Sea Trade Co and is also a royal charter from Kafta and Grigorios.
 * Aiguptia: Is integrated into Alexandria under the official title the Kingdoms of Alexandria and Aiguptia. Ibrahim was killed in the civil war and his son has sought a role in journeying overseas and is expected to become the president of the Great Eastern Sea Trade Co.
 * Ethiopia: Grigorios and Kafta begins creating and developing relationships with local leaders. Shortly after the treaty everyone settles back into normal lifestyles. Soldiers are sent to Alexandria. For all intensive purposes Kafta is the ruler. INF TURN.
 * Cyrencia: Is put under semi-autonomy in a vassal state relationship. It is put under the leadership of Kyricos for the time being. Inf Turn.
 * Zapoteca: The name of the nation is changed to reflect protectorate status under the Spanish. A large part of the population is now sick, and death is common. However, the number of immune people in the population is growing. The Spanish aid is greatly appreciated. The Emperor continues financing Spanish settlers to come to the kingdom and marry into the population. Trade increases and continues with the Spanish. Tlaco II expands roadways connecting cities in the alliance to help merchants and soldiers move more freely between them. The military, which had been outdated for many years, is upgraded this year. The economy booms with trade as a result of the roads. In the coastal regions under Danibaan's influence, more boats are created. Tlaco II orders more to be manufactured to bring in goods from the sea. Trade with the Aztecs commences after years of stagnation under Tlaco I. Trade continues with the Aztec break-away states the Mayans. A delegation is sent to Itzapam to bring them into the Spanish-Zapotec sphere of influence.
 * Rumania: Mircea II, now 43, continues to work on improving the economy. Iron, salt and coal mines dot the landscape. Coal begins to become a major resource produced. These mines provide the resources required by the foundries and traders on the coast. The Danube becomes a highway of commerce, hundreds of barges travel up and down its length transporting people, materials, goods, and ideas. The printing press continues to spread across Rumania. As much as 8.5% of the nation has reached basic literacy, and the Moralists promote education of commoners by priests, in order to give everyone the opportunity to read the bible. Stephen, now 25, continues to work alongside his father, he promotes more education and establishes more schools. As for the ETC, Hungary is accepted into the organization and more growth in trade is felt.
 * The Consulate of Bulgaria: The economy continues to grow. The printing press spreads south into Bulgaria just as in Rumania. Ties with Rumania are strengthened; hundreds of Romanians move into the country, seeking cheap and productive land, and inter-marriage becomes very common. Bulgarians also begin to migrating to trade towns in Romania to seek more economic opportunities. Bulgarian populations in Rumania now represent a large minority, and the same can be said about Romanians in Bulgaria. Ethnic tensions are uncommon in both nations as multi-ethnic communities existed before the large migrations.
 * Trier: We dedicate this turn to military, as do our vassals. The states around us are influenced. Trade routes are established, opening trade among Hesse, Cologne, and Austria and her vassals. To improve infrastructure we begin building several defenses, and roads to link towns across the nation. Fortifications around our capital are improved and updated. The University of Trier is expanded.
 * Austria: This turn in both our nation and in all our vassals is dedicated to military. We train and expand our military using new experience from recent wars, and grow our nation economically. In Morocco our position in Melilla is fortified. All fortifications around the region are rebuilt and manned by stationed guards in case of an attack. To protect Melilla the construction of a fortress outside the city is considered, although postponed for now. The port of Melilla is rebuilt to begin operation as a trade port and military outpost. Construction continues on a shipyard in the Melilla port to facilitate the construction and repair of friendly ships. Melilla is granted a permanent naval garrison in the city’s port to respond to dangers in the area, and to support the small garrison on land which mans the fortifications. Our position in Morocco is fortified by re-inforcements, bringing Melilla operational against attacks. For now, a small fleet is stationed in its harbor, while its garrison continues to hold the north and its supply lines, supporting our Christian brethren. With much of the Muslim population of Melilla left dead after the war against Morocco, the local government attempts to entice settlers by offering large quantities of land to Christian settlers. Many Europeans, particularly of German descent and/or from central Europe begin settling the area around Melilla. With finances from Augsburg-based banking establishments, the Trieste Company continues to launch expeditions to West Africa. Abrechtburg has grown to a decently sized settlement, supporting a population of farmers, traders and a small garrison of soldiers. The town also houses a well furbished fort, armed with a small amount of cannons intended to defend the settlement and the harbor from any attack. Built out of necessity, the port at Abrechtburg is refurbished and expanded to support more trade ships, and allied countries are welcomed to trade and stay in the town. The second largest settlement in Westenland, Dominusburg, follows suit, finishing the construction of a port similar to Abrechtburg ‘s. Trade posts continue to be built and exploited, now numbering several dozen along the coast of Westenland and into allied territory. Our reliance on the Wolof becomes less so, but we sign a trade agreement with their nation to continue our positive relationship. Deals are made with the Wolof for slaves and other goods. Conversion of the natives begin around the settlement. Several bimereiches and caravels begin construction in Trieste, Melilla, Corfu, and other ports, to further facilitate and protect overseas trade. Trade is increased with the Grand Duchy of Bavaria and other trade partners, bringing about new avenues of trade and commerce. We disapprove of the actions the nation of Venice has undertaken against our allies, and we secretly begin planning an attack if necessary. The postal system across Austria continues to grow. Ships begin trading with our allies in Alexandria and with several states past the canal. Troops are recalled from northern Germany upon the conclusion of the war with Scandinavia, and we sign the Treaty of Berlin. After several decades of planning we declare war against Venice, alongside the Romans and the Milanese.
 * Roman Empire: The rebellion in Egypt concluded and the 10,000 now veterans are returned home, which is fortunate as they are then redeployed to help the rebels of Crete. Landing on the island, the troops, armed with extra weapons and cannons, link up with locals and force several Venetian military posts to surrender. As this continues, the Romans hear of the attacks taking place in Italy, and as such step up their efforts to unite all Greeks under the Roman banner. 20,000 Roman troops along with siege weapons begin to battle with Epirote and Venetian forces in Epirus. Troops are also sent to occupy Venetian Attica. The power of the Venetian navy, while degraded from years of disuse, it still feared, and as such the Roman navy tries to avoid it unless in overwhelming numbers. Roman ships are used to raid Venetian held islands when practical Greeks in Venetian Greece are encouraged to rise up and support their Greek brethren, and some do. In other news, the military governor of the Exarchate of Phoenicia becomes concerned that there is a new stable Muslim state just off the Exarchate's borders. To counter the potential threat of this, the Exarch raises some native Maronite levies and also encourages positive trade relations with the new Sultanate.
 * Albania: With major powers attacking Venice, Albania decides to join in based on the constant suggestion of Albanian nobles to unite all the Albanians. Albanian troops and cavalry march into Epirus after linking up with their Roman comrades. About a total armed force of 10,000 Albanians and local levies are sent for the invasion.
 * Trier: We dedicate this turn to economy, as do our vassals. The states around us are influenced, including Berg. Trade routes are established, opening trade among Hesse, Cologne, and Austria and her vassals. To improve infrastructure we begin building several defenses, and roads to link towns across the nation. Fortifications around our capital are improved and updated. The University of Trier is expanded. We begin to recover our economy from the recent war.

1501
In Rome, Pope Celestine VIII dies.In the subsequent conclave, the Aragonese Rodrigo de Borja, finally finishing his ascent in the Roman Curia, is elected Pope and takes the papal name of Alexander V. 

The George von Wettin, elector and ruler of the Electorate of Saxony, commissions the creation of the University of Wittenberg.

In Bavaria a German locksmith and clockmaker creates a portable timepiece from iron parts and coiled springs.

'''As a direct result of the war multiple nations economies show major signs of Collapse with Scandinavia losing money at a rapid pace (economy score is cut in half). As for the German states involved in the previous conflict, Trier and Hamburg have shown a notable hemorrhage in their economies (Halved Economy scores as well) this severely hampers any attempts to wage war (-15 in all offensive wars for the next 15 years for all three parties.)'''

<Southern Europe laughs in glee>


 * Portugal: Continues a notable buildup in military strength and allows for a vigorous training program on the existing military forces attempting to train them up heavily. Meanwhile, the administration continues to be reformed, and agriculture and commerce are encouraged. Meanwhile, Portugal continues to develop its navy. Meanwhile, Portuguese traders continue visiting the Castilian settlements in the Canaries. Meanwhile, wheat continues to be cultivated in Leiname. By this time, the colony in Leiname starts to export wheat to Portugal. Meanwhile, some Portuguese explorers continue to explore the African coast. The Açores continue to be settled. Meanwhile, the new ships that been developed, called naus, and that are similar to the Castilian carracks, begin to be used. Naval explorations directed to the west continue, after news that new lands may have been found there. Meanwhile, Sophia of Austria gives birth to a girl, who is named Sofia. Meanwhile, Vera Cruz expands north by 200 sq km. Meanwhile, the name of the colony is changed to Santa Cruz.
 * |onte continues to have a large surplus of grain. Though adopting "western farming", the idea of "the tribe" is still very much so alive, as people always share the crops they have grown, or the animals they have hunted amongst the community. Mon's children advocate the planting of trees in small groves. Throughout the year, Mon's children go elephant hunting, though it is very dangerous, as they are hunting them with arquebuses, and the whole process requires much co-ordination. However, the results are said to be spectacular, as the tribe gains new wealth in the collected ivory, and the elephant meat is considered a rarity. The season resulted in six elephants being killed. Much of the younger generation knows how to hunt, and begin to help their parents, increasing the prosperity of the tribe. Not only do they know how to hunt, but in accordance with tribal tradition, each one of them may become a warrior if the need be, trained both in the arquebus and the bow, though the arquebus is gaining much ground against the arrow. |onte is becoming very rich with money made from elephant hunting, as they have nothing to spend the money on. Ma-n!o, the one that studied Castillian navy, commerce, the army, and how they are built, sees the completion of three large trade/exploration ships, rounds the coast of Africa, and makes it to Madagascar before the year is done, taking along with him, his younger brother Mon II, who is eager to see new cultures. Debarubo, who studied both the army, and the arts, halts his conquering spree, and begins raiding the newfound tribes to the north. Debarubo present the courts of Netherlands with a gift of Ivory.
 * The Prussians and their vassals continue to fight against the Germans and the Russians.
 * France: Military, navy and economy are built up. The war in Tunisia is finally over, with the death of nearly 500,000 Muslims in the entire country leaving the population at 500,000 Muslims. While this, the first settler ship lands in a small town in ruins, The Colony of Nouvelle Orleans expands by 250 sq km both in Sableville as in Aurienne, the Aurienne king is found and begins to establish relations with (First turn of the vassalage of the Quimbaya out of Seven). While this, the Nation begins driving its vassals closer to the French government. France asks a non-aggression pact with Austria, and Bavaria as well as a formal alliance with Scandinavia and Hungary.
 * King Sigismund of Hungary quickly accepts the alliance offer with the powerful French, and tales of their military strength have spread far and wide.
 * Burgundy: Military and navy are built up. Economy expands.
 * Bourbon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Lorraine: Military and economy are built up.
 * Verdun: Military and economy are built up.
 * Saluzzo: Military and economy are built up.
 * Sardinia: Military and economy are built up. The population reaches 300 thousand once again. most of them Sardinians (41%) followed by the French (38%) and the Carthaginians (French Tunisians) (18%) and the remaining 3% of other groups.
 * Basel: Military and economy are built up.
 * Aargau: Military and economy are built up. The French presence begins to be felt. However, the attempts to establish a pro-Germanic government in order to avoid eventual uprisings, internal vassalization begins as well to fully convince German leadership.
 * Andorra: Military and economy are built up.
 * Africa: Military and economy are built up. The war is finally over and Tunisia is completely annexed.
 * Hamburg-Mecklenburg: the economic downturn surprises Friedrich. Faced with a choice, he opts to postpone a westward voyage, and redirect the money to construction on his canal through Holstein. During a break on designing the canal with Alexandrian advisors, Ludwig Veit begins fiddling with a nearby wheellock. He notices that with his design, two hands are not necessary, unlike arquebuses or matchlocks. He sees that much of the barrel and stock can be removed, creating a compact weapon, capable of being fired from one hand directly from a holster. On his order Duke Friedrich halts the anti-Albion propaganda campaign, saying of them, "They were merely aiding an ally. We would have done nothing less for Bavaria or Hesse. Despite what opinion they have of us, we must treat Albion with the respect she deserves". Attempts to restore relations with the Netherlands and Prussia continue. Duke Friedrich sends a request to Hesse, asking for the return of the lands allotted to it in the treaty of St Patriksburg.
 * Magdeburg: economy attempts to recover.
 * Bremen: economy attempts to recover.
 * Lübeck: economy attempts to recover.
 * Holstein: economy attempts to recover.
 * Neue Lüneburg (OTL Monrovia, Liberia): with its declaration as a ducal colony, Neue Lüneburg expands 200 px
 * Williamsburg: income grows thanks to the increased traffic down Africa.
 * Netherlands Dip: We offer to give a loan to Hamburg in hopes of helping restore ties with the German state. However, in exchange, we request the right to purchase a portion of Hamburgian trading rights in the HRE in the form of a shared stock between Hamburg and the Netherlands.
 * Hesse Dip: We refuse to return the lands to Hamburg.
 * Vorlayacor: Approximately 5000 more Mapuche and others arrive this year, spreading across the coast with a majority choosing to live in Nov Xoryan. Tropical diseases inflict a new blow on the population, though the harvest yields much more this year, allowing for a stable food supply. As such, people return to their other crafts, such as metalworking and medicine. Darius and Jarvan discuss plans to improve the War Band to match more advanced armies; they conclude that they must learn more about European societies to understand their strengths. The Grand Council reworks the original Mapuche Constitution into the Constitution of Vorlayacor and discusses numerous means to limit the spead of disease. Taxes are sent to the Spanish in Buenos Aires this year.
 * Brunei: We start to develop the technology of mining other metals. We learn from the Siam people the technology of mining metals.
 * The Nation of the Oirats: Cement and iron increase in production. Iron weapons are now majorly used. As we increase in population, we slowly target our expansion northward. We expand 60 px to the north. A scholar developed the idea of a colony that can speed up expansion and the Khan, in great joy, gave him the position of the Minister of colonies. We construct a colony in OTL Yakutsk, named Yakutsk. We continue to develop our firearms. We continue to study the printing press and make more of them. We begin building up our military and create even tougher practices. We expand our settlement at North Baikal Lake. We begin sending our soldiers next to the Baikal Jurchens. 50,000 soldiers are sent to the north of Baikal Lake and another 10,000 is in a small naval base on Baikal lake. We began building cannon foundries and build another model, the six inch cannon. The Oirat slowly replaces Chinese influence and a lot of taels are given to the influencers who have been stopped.
 * Oirat D: We ask the Jianzhou Jurchens to form the Great Eurasian Alliance with us. 
 * Natigosteg L'nu: With the return of an ambassador from Europe, the Natigosteg L'nu gain a great deal of knowledge about this other continent. The ambassador gives Gespeg the basic design for a European ship seen while visiting a shipyard. Two ships are soon put under construction, althought they are more similar to xebecs than large carracks. Meanwhile, an experimental iron mine is also built. Soon, a very basic iron foundry has produced a dozen rudimentary metal tools. Meanwhile, Gespeg outfits about 300 men of his 1000 man army with metal weapons (traded). This group is sent to Labrador, where it raids against the Innu, expanding L'nu territory by 4000 km along the coast. Using metal tools and weapons and other advanced goods, the Natigosteg L'nu begin to influence the Naskapi (Turn One of Six). Fishermen explore northward, reaching the Ungava Peninsula. Smallpox strikes the population, killing thousands. The low population density, however, means that it dies out before afecting more than the northern coast of Natigosteg. Tha arrival of wheat results in a population boom, as does the spread of domesticated caribou.
 * Albionic Dip: The colonists of New Cambridgeshire request access to your lands to help spread European knowlesge and the Word of Christ. The colonist arrive with many gifts from the Old World including a handmade Cambridge Clock and other tools and trinkets from Albion.
 * Marrikuwuyanga Empire:The tribes had returned to the lands they had been previously forced to abandon and quickly settled. Due to the large ships provided by the Ayutthaya, the people were able to easily travel to the Tiwi Islands and return in time. This increased Emperor Yada Gulpilil's popularity who was now worshipped and referred to as the Almighty. The Emperor considered himself God, disregarding the fact that it was the Ayutthaya that had provided him with the medicine, ships and food. The Emperor called upon the tribes neighboring Marrikuwuyanga to give up their false gods and worship Emperor Yada. The Marrikuwuyanga had declared that any tribe that peacefully united with the Marrikuwuyanga would be allowed to keep their land, women, gold, etc, but anyone who resisted would be punished severely. When a forest fire resulted in the deaths of 11 men from the Dangbon tribe, Emperor Yada declared that it was proof of his wrath and divinity. The Emperor Yada Gulpilil agreed to allow Ayutthaya to preach Hinduism and Buddhism as long as they mentioned the Emperor was God himself and the Ayutthaya made sure that the new converts did not attempt to replicate the Emperor's divinity. In return, the Ayutthaya had sent 1000 regulars for Marrikuwuyangan army. Meanwhile, Marrikuwuyanga's influence continued to increase within the neighbouring tribes and the military was strengthened. Trade boosted Marrikuwuyanga's economy. The crop yield increased annually and so did the population. The Marrikuwuyanga had already discovered the route to the island of Timor and now Marrikuwuyanga merchants monthly visited the island, trading materials they had acquired from the Ayutthaya as well as spreading information regarding Enperor Yada Gulpilil. We also expand 50 px to the South, overrunning various nomad tribes
 * Yalngu: The people of Yalngu worshipped Emperor Yada Gulpilil as their God. Many of their men joined the Marrikuwuyanga's military and extensive work on the development of Yalngu's infrastructure continued. The Marrikuwuyanga slowly and gradually start to annex Yalngu
 * Jawoyn: Having accepted the union, Marrikuwuyanga's soldiers soon had stormed into Jawoyn territory. Emperor Yada Gulpilil was declared a God and the people of Jawoyn worshipped him. They were introduced to the Ayutthaya, ships, medicines and modern weaponry and had their economy developed through trade and military through training. The Marrikuwuyanga slowly and gradually start to annex Jawoyn
 * County of Oldenburg: Although neutrality shielded Oldenburg from the physical ravages of war, it could not save it from the economic fallout. The whale-product trade does not give the OHG very good profits this year, as the tough economic times mean fewer people are buying luxuries like whale oil, seal skins etc. The banks also post very small profits this year. The Neu Borkum colony expands 200 px along the Greenlandic coast, as some fishing families set up a tiny hamlet further down the coast from the main settlements.
 * Prince-Bisopric of Osnabruck: Bishop Rudolf, wanting to raise pilgri numbers to the cathedral, begins looking about for religious relics. He is willing to pay for decent Catholic relics. Saintly bones, virginal milk, miraculous statues, Rudolf is open to all offers. He also improves the main road in and out of the Bishopric (infrastructural turn) to accomodate what he hopes will be a mass influx of pilgrims.
 * The Kingdoms of Great Albion (Scotland and England) - member nation of the UKGA: Many ships are modernized and replaced to keep the Royal Albion Navy a powerful forces on the high seas. Port Edmundburg continues to experience a growth in population. Albionic settlers continue to explore the surrounding areas. The dialect of English originally found in Scotland and the Eire grows so large that it covers most of the North of England. This new dialect is called Bythigish (portmanteau of Brython and English). English nobles begin to enjoy the Celtic myths of Eire and Scotland. The Templar Order continues to undercut the King's enemies and seeks ways to privately grow the power of the King and Albion as a whole. The Order buys up many smaller businesses and collectivizes some farms. The Order begins to expand into other areas of Europe, seeking to grow understanding as well as pushing Albionic ideals. Albion continues to explore  farther west and south. King James issues a speech this year in part to temper rhetoric toward Hamburg stating that many decisions were made post war to protect the pride of our allies. All attacks on Hamburger shipping are stopped. The calls for repayment of loans are also dropped. The King states Albion will not re-establish relations for now, waiting instead for the people to recover from the war. Economic aid is sent to our Scandinavian allies, though limited due to pressing domestic issues. A Clockmaker from Cambridge becomes popular for his accurate timepieces and the exquiste wood housing. He creates a chime for the St Mary's Cathedral, the chimes are called the Cambridge Chimes (OTL Westminster Quarters aka Big Ben's chime). The Chimes become so popular, other clockmakers incorporate the chimes into their clocks. Diplomats travel to the Mughal lands in India in hopes of building relations and eventually trade ties with India.
 * Brittany: Brittany is officially placed under Albionic influence. The military and navy are expanded.
 * Calais: Military and navy are expanded.
 * Dublin: Dublin undergoes another remodel and expansion to the ports due to the massive influx of trade from Castile and Venice as well as an increased Eire trade.
 * Scotland: Expands navy and military. Pan Albion sentiments grow, Trade increases. Whiskey is traded down to central Albion.
 * Wales: Wales expands its military and navy. Cardiff becomes a large centre of trade for Wales. The Welsh appoint Adam Cyrdger as Royal Minister. The first sessions of parliament are held. Wales does not see as large a population boom as Albion or Scotland, but a minor one, centered around Cardiff and Swansea, does occur.
 *  Port Edmundburg expands by 1000 sq km. The African colonists begin looking toward mining and other ventures to generate profit.
 * New Cambridgeshire: New Cambridgeshire expands by 1000 sq km. Colonists begin to explore around the region and begin to have a large fishing boom. The Port of New Rotham is expanded to handle excess ships from Albion and other European nations. The people of New Rotham also begin an attempt to gain knowledge of farming in Borealia from Native Peoples.
 * Mughal Empire diplomacy: After receiving information about Albionic ships arriving, the Mughali council, in the absence of the Emperor, offers a trade agreement in return for adequate ship technology and three ships to inspect.
 * Albionic Dip: We accept the agreement and allow the Mughal's to inspect Albionic vessels. Albion also offers to send specialists to help modernise the Mughal Navy.
 * ​Oman: Trade with the Mediterranean flourishes as the latest mace and nutmeg crops from Banda have a record yeild, and most of the pirating problems around the coasts having been eliminated. The iron mining in the Jebel Sham range has become safer since the first mines were set up a decade ago. The mines prove bountiful and a near-constant stream of the useful metal flows from the mountains to the port cities on the coast. The corals around Masirah Island are visited by the Sultan himself, and he decides to build a winter house there to go if there are no problems in the nation, because he is in awe of the diversity and beauty of the plants and animals both on and in the seas around the island.
 * Rajya of Marwar: The economy continues to expand and the nation begins to influence Jaisalmer (Year six). During these events, Rao Raja Singh sends more architects from Marwar to the Mughal who would design Mandirs in the Mughal Empire and also for priests (whose correct name Imp may edit in) to spread Hinduism in the Mughal Empire. The nation also supports numerous marriages between members of the Rajput clans and Mughali noble families. (eco turn)
 * Mughal Empire: The economy of the nations is continued to be developed and architects sent by Emperor-Khan Raja Singh ud-din Muhammad Bahadur issue the building of the already designed temples. The Mughali prosperity continues as the Eurasian trade agreement is set into motion. (Eco turn)
 * Southern Chagatai (PSFSCK): The economy expands while the council of 42 votes upon the building of Hindu temples, because of the slow rise of Hinduists in Southern Chagatai.
 * Fusahito Theocracy: The city of Sendai begins to grow, with many members of the nobility eager to buy property in the newly constructed city. Similarly, many of the lesser nobility,craftsmen and artisans clamour to live in the modern city. Gifts are sent to the other Daimyos to improve relations, including gold and jade. The Emperor continues with a series of reforms meant to gradually phase out and then abolish slavery in Japan, cracking down on the continuation of the purchase and sale of slaves. The new religious police, modelled on the Chinese Jinyiwei begin to crack down on the slave trade, with full authority to arrest, interrogate and punish anybody suspected of opposing the Emperor's decrees - including the nobility. Imperial warships are used to patrol the coast of the Theocracy, searching for slave ships. Any ship found to be carrying slaves is taken as a prize, with the crews used as forced labour, increasing the size of the navy. Military turn. The slaves that these ships are carrying are released at the next port, whilst the captain is hung from the mast of his ship. Work is completed cobbling the main roads out of the capital. The Yamana State continues to have closer ties with the Fusahito Theocracy, with the Daimyo being made welcome at the Fusahito court and plied with gifts. Year four of seven. The Emperor calls upon the Ryukyu Kingdom to join the Theocracy in the abolition of the slave trade. Mod response, please.
 * Isshiki State: The Isshiki State is fully integrated into the Theocracy. Rather than previous integrated states, it is not declared a province, due to its small size and proximity to Kyoto, but is ruled directly from the Imperial court.
 * Netherlands: With the German-Scandinavian war over, the Netherlands return to normalcy. Though lost the war was seen as a victory for Dutch diplomacy as they stood by their long time allies and managed to help to an extent. Maurice promises that the Netherlands will move to restore ties broken with the outbreak of war and help prevent any further conflicts in  Northern Europe. In a show of good faith the Netherlands offer to grant loans to Trier and Hamburg in exchange for the right to purchase a portion of their trading rights within the HRE. He also requests to meet with the Emperor to negotiate a non-aggression pact and a trading agreement with the HRE. Supplies are sent to the Dutch troops helping in the conquest of South East Asia. Traders continue to push their trading routes farther east and north. Dutch traders make a formal petition to Mughal and Bengal to allow Dutch merchants complete and unhindered access to the markets of the subcontinent. The second Dutch expedition to the New World is launched with the intention of further exploring the region. New Friesland and Nassau are expanding in Africa and fortified. The bourgeoisie continue to grow in wealth and power. Miltary and naval expansion continue. The arts and sciences continue to flourish. An offer is made to Scandinavia to help them recover from the lost revenue.
 * Safavid Empire: We build up our military and navy. We continue to build walls and outposts around our capital city. The building of the biggest mosque in the nation is continuing now. Port cities are being rebuilt. More ships are being made for our navy. Our own version of guns are being made. Farming is becoming one of the most important industries, besides blacksmiths, trading, and fishing. The building of the first college in the capital city is continuing. Guns are now mass produced in our country. We continue to make more woodblock printing presses for our libraries. Prototype cannons three feet long are continuing to be made. A trade route from our home country to Oirat is being mapped out. The trade route goes through the Mughals nation to get to Oirat.
 * Eire (Member Nation of the UKGA): Eoghan O'Briain, intrigued by tales of a western land, goes on another voyage in a fleet of six ships sponsored by the King Tomas II, who has attained the title recently gained the title "the Enterprising" for his sponsorship of merchant-class enterprises and especially voyages of exploration. O'Briain is granted a charter by the Eiric Exploration company and gathers a group of traders, adventurers, farmers, and fortune seekers and establishes the colony Nuaphail at OTL Dalhousie (Newpale in English, after the barrier that surrounds the main town which reminds the Irish of the old barrier dividing English Ireland and Irish Ireland, only ironically, the Irish are the ones inside the Pale this time), with the main city being known as Nua Luimneach (New Limerick), as the area it is settled on is akin to the Eiric city of Limerick. Meanwhile, the military is built up, after the Scandinavian War, and bitterness rises against Hamburg and the HRE. The pidgin language that has been spoken in the port cities of Eire that is related to Brythenglish becomes an official language of Eire, with it being entitled "Albionic". Our explorers discover much of the land between OTL Cape Cod and Labrador, and claim it for the UKGA and all aligned native tribes. A map is drafted of these regions. Galway becomes the main center for Western trade and colonization.
 * ​Nuaphail: After the first year of the colony, the first major wave of settlers begins to arrive at the fledgling town of Nua Luimneach/Limerick. Composed of a diverse group of indentured servants, fortune-seekers, soldiers, missionaries, and free settlers, the vast majority are from Eire, specifically the port cities of Limerick, Tralee, and Galway, but a smattering are from other parts of Eire and even the kingdoms of Great Albion. We also begin to send single women, who are rewarded for their passage to the colony in money and other goods. Friendly relations are established with the Natigosteg L'nu, and other surrounding Mi'kmaq tribes though there are some raids, and we come to the L'nu with various trinkets and a picture of King Tomas II and one of the Eiric countryside. Due to the bounty of the surrounding area in natural resources, there is more than enough food, especially with the help of the L'nu, and the first batches of cod and lumber are exported. Missionaries of the Western Church are sent to all surrounding tribes, and we sail up the OTL St Lawrence as far as OTL Quebec City, with missionaries spreading the Faith and trinkets to native people in exchange for food and loyalties. We expand 1000 pixels along both the north and south shores of Chaleur Bay.


 * The Kingdoms of Ayutthaya continue in their campaigns of expansion. With Tulang Bawang, Selebar, and Pagaruyung all fallen under the hold of the mighty Ayutthayan Empire, King Ramesuan now quickly marries the daughter of the King of Selebar, the biggest rebellion threat, and gathers his armies, conscripts and all, for a final attack on Sunda, supported by 20,000 Selebarans fighting to prove themselves as allegiant to the Kingdoms of Ayutthaya, as well as 2000 Dutch, 25,000 Pagaruyungi and Tulang-Bawangi conscripts, all fighting next to a core Ayutthayan army of no less than 40,000 soldiers, including the Golden Army, equipped with massive Siege Weaponry, including giant cannons, naval barrages, and ships. Siak, Aru, and the Majapahit all aid Ayutthaya, as well, bringing the total up to 97,000 soldiers fighting against a mere 20,000 Sundans, though most are conscripts, on both sides. The renovation projects continue in the cities of Ayutthaya, and now also Pagaruyung and Selebar, to win the hearts and minds of the people. Meanwhile, in the army, new medical techniques gained from trade with Rome save many soldiers who would have otherwise died, and the practices begin to spread to the civilian populace. With the Purists wiped out, religious tolerance is at an all time high, with all three major religions co-existing in peace. The Zoroastrian religions continue to spread in Malacca, where the new attitudes of relgious tolerance foster the religion to new heights, and a significant minority of the city's population converts. A summit is held in Ayutthaya, with any and all religious figures invited; among those coming are Hindus, Buddhists, Muslims, and even Zoroastrians. Loethai Jainukul, the King's right hand man, though a commoner, continues to consolidate the empire, passing laws that aid commerce and trade, as well as giving loans to our allies around the region, investing heavily in the Dai Viet. Ayutthayan ships land off the coast of the Marrikuwuyanga, and talks begin to set up a trading post, though with the wars and all, it is unlikely such a goal could be acheived in the next 25 years. We continue to trade with the Romans and Alexandrians, and with Madakisakara, China and Japan. We also express support for our allies in the Dai Viet, investing gold in their economy in order to help them become a larger trading power. The Spire of Indaraja is finally completed, a statue of King Chairacha crowing it, making it the tallest man-made strutcutre on Earth, just slightly topping out the Pyramids of Giza. The Road of Gold, or "T̄hnn thxng", is completed as well, linking all of mainland Ayutthaya, in December of last year; the celebrations of both, however, spread into this year, too. We thank the Dutch for their valiant efforts aiding us, and the 2000 soldiers they sent us. <3 xD
 * Alexandria: Trade continues to increase as the ports are re-established. More people are converted to Coptic Christianity due to the See of Saint Mark's presence. Many Muslims reconsider their faith seeing the prosperity that Christians live in. Resources are sent to Aiguptia to maintain and protect the canal as that process continues and workers are encouraged to go seek out this opportunity. The economy continues to pick up as trade expands to SE Asia. . The land acquired from Yemen by the Red Sea continues to see a port town established for sailors and merchants to rest before going into the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean, there is a medium increase in population as more people look to get into the trade business and travel from Castile and the Netherlands requires a stop for their sailors. In the province of Judea soldiers are to protect both Christian, Islamic and Jewish pilgrimages. Small amounts of conversions in Judea take place mainly converting Christians and Muslims to Coptic Christianity. Alexandria moves troops into the south as the region is to keep the region calm and free of revolt. OTL Goa and Karachi continue to become a massive destination for Alexandrian trades and relationships continued to be established. Grigorios's engineers continue plans of a reconstructed lighthouse on the cite of the citadel. Relations are continued with the nation Vijaynagar, an we continue establish more posts along the coast, especially at Goa. Kafta and Kyricos become bolder and are taught to rule. Immigration from traders and trading families increases to the trade enclaves in Alexander's Strait and the Somali enclaves. Alexandria's soldiers are sent to fight the rebels in the south and in Cairo. Asks fellow Christian nations in Nubia and Eastern Europe for assistance to end the islamic revolt. The Red Sea Trade Company is formed in order to deal with states along the Red Sea and creating safe and constant trade in the area. It is owned by the Great Eastern Sea Trade Co and is also a royal charter from Kafta and Grigorios. Kyricos takes over more ruling aspects of the nation. Expansion 100 px into the Sinai Peninsula. Vassalization of Makuria and Alodia begins (Turn One)
 * Aiguptia: Is fully integrated into Alexandria under the official title the Kingdoms of Alexandria and Aiguptia. Ibrahim was killed in the civil war and his son has sought a role in journeying overseas and is expected to become the president of the Great Eastern Sea Trade Co.
 * Ethiopia: Grigorios and Kafta begins creating and developing relationships with local leaders. Shortly after the treaty everyone settles back into normal lifestyles. Soldiers are sent to Alexandria. For all intesive purposes Kafta is the ruler. INF TURN.
 * Cyrencia: Is put under semi-autonomy in a vassal state relationship. It is put under the leadership of Kyricos for the time being. Inf Turn.
 * Castile:  King Ferdinand unable to resist the opportunity of the new lands heard of immediately commissions more trading companies to cross the seas and scout out these new lands. Leaving from multiple points the fleets reach the new lands and immediately go their separate ways. One fleet, the smallest of the three composing of seven ships, sails south mapping and cataloguing go much farther south than they believed finding a huge natural harbor. This hints to these men to be the perfect place for a trade outpost as well as a city in the future. The Colony of Buenos Aires expands by (15 px) up the coast and establishes a captaincy farther south with a small colonial town of barely 80-100 people (5 px). The Castilian populace reaches about ten million and growing. The Spanish army of Castile and Aragon continues to push deep into Mayan territory taking their capital and working its way to other Mayan cities. The Castilian monarchy sends an envoy to preside over the war and any treaties in Germany. The Kingdom itself begins to expand its armed forces to nearly 80,000 and sends more military ships to Monaco to protect it from any aggression. The Castilian forces begin training exercizes. The Navy also begins to make serious advances in technology and armed attack formations along with its pushes out into the wide seas. The Colony of Buenos Aires reaches a population of about 8000 and growing with the first families and women showing up. Castile proposes once again the official Franco-Spanish Alliance culminating in years of co-operation, trade relations, and their involvement in the Aragonian succession war. This alliance is to encompass France and Castile's proper territories and vassals. Alexis of Castile officially marries Charles of Austria. Castile seeks betrothals for Ferdinand II. Charles of Castile decides against any competition for the throne and goes to the Buenos Aires colony as a representative of the royal family. Carlos in his old age Dies quietly in his sleep leaving only one newly revealed illegitimate son fathered in the last years of his life as he was wifeless and without child. This childs name is also named Charles and is adopted into the Spanish royal court. Castilian exploration ships begin exploring south to check out farther down the coast and look for the southern edge of the continent.
 * Kingdom of Aragon:  With Castilian assistance various infrastructural areas are rebuilt and the military is expanded to a token force of 10,000. Along with this support the Aragonian economy recovers slowly with a slow but controlled influx of Castilian economic aid helping Aragon recover. The ruling magistrate over Aragon signs a landmark trade deal with Castile which allows for Aragon's usage of Castile's large amounts of trade posts down the coast of Africa. The Aragonians now in control of the Spanish South African trading company fund the creation of the expansion of the Trade outpost into a formal colony to be settled much like Morocco and Granada were by Castile. The Colony of Cape Ferdinand expands 10 px up the coast and expands the captaincy down the coast now covering the mouth of the Orange River on the coast (5 px). It's mostly populated by Castilians who are the main people moving to the colonies. Aragon's population continues to be culturally integrated with the next generation speaking primarily Spanish with Catalan being phased out by the newer generation. Aragonian troops continue to fight with Castile in the Mayan homeland making massive progress.
 * Kingdom of Cyprus:  Cyprus gaining large funds from being a Castilian trade hub, begins building a few ships domestically, and purchases ships from Castile, or her allies shipwrights forming a respectable Cypriot navy of almost 90 ships with expected expansion to come. This expansion has been achieved specifically thanks to huge amounts of outsourcing to private shipwrights. Cyprus begins to see an exodus of the Knights Hospitaller west to Castile and her territories and King Matthias begins a larger recruitment for the military managing to raise a force of nearly 10,000. This force is largely funded through the large trade Cyprus has gathered. The troops are styled after Castile's royal army and Cyprus embarks on an intense training program in order to bring them up to standards. The Knights, with many departing, also have many older and other knights stay due to their close ties with Cyprus. They remain to run the Knights Hospitaller in Cyprus for the foreseeable future while a large number have migrated across the sea. The Kingdom of Cyprus due to the recent issues in Castile reluctantly recognizes Carlos and his Regency for Prince Ferdinand. Cyprus itself with its fleet of nearly 100 ships begins to take after the Venetian example with trade and begins to put Cypriot merchant ships into state possession for trade in order to help with the kingdom's finances and heavy trade. This show immediate results as a relative increase in funding and attention to trade between Castile and her allies begins to improve the quality of trade. The Assassins Guild sets up in Cyprus looking to prevent issues in the kingdom with corruption and serving as their base into Muslim countries. The King of Cyprus on his deathbed declares that a vote by the nobles on whether to join Castile will be held and a public forum will be held on what the people think of this.
 * Kingdom of Morocco:  The country begins the construction of various canals and cultivates trees farther inland to help increase arable farmland. The Moroccan economy continue to expand with greater trade coming from Castile and the Canaries all the way down to Capo Verde increasing the relative wealth. The Kingdom with many canals having been completed has vastly expanded its farmland among other things. Morocco's total population reaches one million with Christianity becoming dominant in the area. Calne-Vicuna is finished and is opened as an center for Christianity in North Africa with a library said to rival old Alexandria's. The Moroccan Assassins Guild forms and spreads keeping the peace and killing the corrupt as well as making Morocco much more peaceful for Castilian Rule. The Kingdom of Morocco officially enters into a personal union with Castile following the magistrates and princes deeming it unneccesary for the King to not have full control in the country. The Magistrates, however, are fully re-instated to continue as they were just under direction of the King of Castile.
 * Kongo:  The Kingdom begins to work toward a trade and production economy focusing on helping provide resources for Castile's burgeoning West African trade network. The King of the Kongo converting to Christianity and being baptised begins to call for the expansion of ports to the best of the Kongolese architects' abilities. With the King also adopts the name John, in favor of the king who began these exploratory operations down the coast of Africa. The King also organized a band of Christian soldiers who help keep the peace who also begin to help with conversions to Christianity as a series of missionaries and high level priests from the Western Church have come on a ship hearing of many pagans and heretics to convert. The King makes multiple successful campaigns against various of the petty kings in Kongo killing two of them and leaving the third on the run. The Christianization of multiple areas is completed and multiple others are begun. The Kingdom of the Kongo in an attempt to increase economic output and trade begins to export a moderate amount of raw materials to Castile and begins to push toward heavy exploitation methods if possible.
 * Mapuche: With the defeat by the Spanish a royal governor is appointed by the Castilians. The governor immediately goes to work to prevent his workforce from being killed by disease and to prevent revolts and by immediately marching groups of about 1000 people to the colonial capital. These people are immediately transferred onto available ships and throughout the year are sent up the coast via Spanish ships to a location unknown to the Mapuche. The royal governor also makes it imperative for the territory to extend to the coast expanding 1500 sq km to the south east. The Mapuche also continue to see major issues from European contact are given orders to isolate themselves if they are sick to prevent further expansion of the disease. The governor also manages to gain a force of about 200 as a garrison.  The Mapuche people begin to see the first mixed children between Spanish and Mapuche people. The Spanish institute the Ecomienda system. However, the Spanish governor, in order to keep control of the people, orders the Spanish heads of the system to treat the natives fairly in order to prevent mass deaths from overworking and resentment. Spanish farming techniques have definitively prevented starvation as the Mapuche continue to expand towards the coast building a road to connect it all. The Spanish governor, also using the local Mapuche as scouts, is able to expand much more than the Buenos Aires colony and uses this to his advantage to secure more land to be able to turn over to Spanish settlers.
 * Maya: With the outright collapse of the Mayan government complete the Spanish institute a royal governor who assumes command of the troops. The Mayan armed forces have been all but wiped out and the Spanish along with their native auxiliaries begin the absolute wipe out of their armed forces and securing of multiple cities and settlements. Many of the villages are left completly ransacked. However, an insightful priest says that destroying the cities will result in long term resentment that could never be repaired and instead they should be made Spanish-Maya hybrid. The new Royal Governor seeing wisdom in this declares that the cities will not be ransacked and a moderate tribute of gold and silver is demanded by the Spanish. The 2000 troops remain in the Country and begin to establish areas along the coast suitable for Spanish settlement. The military and economy of the Maya under Spain is developed and roads are upgraded to Spanish standards. An expected expansion program is to be undertaken in the next few years.
 * France D: We accept the Franco-Spanish alliance offer.
 * ​Tawatinsuyu: Military is built up, reorganzing the army, with the size of the army hitting 10,000. Cuzco, Machu Picchu, and Chan Chan are developed further, populations of these cities hits 175,000, 70,000, and 92,000 respectively. Popuation across the empire hits 1,000,000. Reformation of the farming system continues as crops produce better yeilds. Research into medicine and Sciences continues, with advancments being made allowing for greater care of the sick and injured. Rebuilding and building continues across the empire. Culture merging continues. The empire is now divided into four districts, Cuzco-suyu (the area formerly known as the Kingdom of Cuzco) Aymara-suyu (the territories conquered in the two Cuzcan-Aymaran wars) Nazca-Suyu (area perviously known as the Ica-Nazca) and Chimor-suyu (the Ica-Nazca's northern vassals). Each of these districts acts similiar to a state, with regional rulers being apointed by the Sapa-Inca. The process of culuture blending begins to show effects, as Cuzcans live across the emipire now, taking there culture with them. While Cuzcans are the largest ethnic group (~44%) they still do not make up 50% of the empire. The other ethinic groups are:Nazca (~19%), Chimu (~20%), Wankan (~10%) Aymara (~3%) and Other (5%). Cuzcan remains the fastest growing ethinc group.
 * Chiribaya We ask Tawatinsuyu make us Protectorate of theirs'. We also build up our military and infrastructure.
 * Scandinavian Empire: Scandinavia, noticing the economic slump, works to negate the effects. It accepts the funds from the assisting nation and promises to pay all loans back in time. However, despite Scandinavia's position as northern trade power, the economy begins to collapse. At this point, the game is damage control. Scandinavia works on expanding its economy (for what little good it does). The Oresund Blockade continues. The alliance with France is accepted. The Pskovian deals are accepted and the Oresund is opened back up to them.
 * Schleswig: The economy is expanded.
 * Finland: The economy is expanded as Finland works to negate economic disaster. Settlers expand the duchy by 3000 sq km.
 * You know, if you filled up the Oresund, Northern Germany and Russia would starve to death. And then collapse.
 * I think that's the point he's trying to make ...
 * Hesse: We continue vassalizing Berg (Turn Two of Five). We send our armies en masse to the borders of Hamburg and Trier. The city of Karlen along the Trier border, after much expansion, begins to build larger walls and other fortifications. The Royal Family is sent to Silberberg, where they shall remain in rule for an indefinite amount of time.
 * Grand Duchy of Bavaria: Grand Duchess Eleanor thanks Thuringia and Saxony for the alliances. Eleanor continues in petitioning the lords of Thuringia for manpower and tribute (Turn Four out of Six). Starting in 1499, Eleanor also begins petitioning the lords of Saxony for tribute as well (Turn Three out of Six). Landshut expands its military. The population continues to rise. Grand Duchess Eleanor and her council continue to allow the training of new troops. Several markets are constructed in Landshut as well as trade houses for Austrian and Castilian traders. In Austria, several new ships begin being constructed, with twenty-five very large cogs being finished, and by 1501 a trade route is put in place. Such important places in the trade route include Rome, Athens, Constantinople, Gibraltar, and the coasts of Brittany, due to a longstanding trade deal. Continuing in 1501, Eleanor commissions six cogs to sail around western Mediterranean coasts. The market center in Landshut continues to attract Bavarian and Venetian traders. In religious news, around 76% of the country adheres to the Western Church. Most adherents live around Munchen and Landshut. In other news, Bavaria continues implementing the Alliance and Merchant Act as well as the Militia and Navy Act. Eleanor ends her predecessor's policies of advancing Sedevanticism in the government. As the new Grand Duchess, Eleanor continues to vet and interrogate most of the powerful nobles of Bavaria. To work more efficiently, she appoints Vallerio Volpe as her spymaster. By the end of the year, Eleanor hosts a more developed middle class in Trausnitz than her numerous predecessors had. This earns her the sobriquet "The Middling Queen" to flavor the already popular "Merchant Queen" title. In other news, Eleanor continues to develop her cousin's seemingly successful administrative policies. Court physicians continue to bathe in religious ceremonies, hoping to appease God. In national news, the common courts continue to be implemented around Bavaria as several of the lower class make use it of. The serf laws begin to be used as well. While not extremely active, as many as three dozen serfs earn their freedom by the end of the year. Many freed serfs find work and home in the cities, while others continue to informally live on their lords' lands. This situation becomes a status quo and is foreseen to last the century. Many skeptics of Eleanor's reforms predict they will not affect Bavaria much until 1500. In educational news, Eleanor expresses interest of opening the Queen Isabell University to more men. Eleanor further incorporates the Collegiate Writs, allowing many more lower class men to enter college, after an exchange of 100 ducats and an agreement to lodge within the college. In legal news, Eleanor continues to introduce the Bavarian Commands, which are a set of laws pertaining to the royalty and the privileges of the head. In other news, the nation is saddened by the death of Grand Duchess Eleanor, who died on April 15. She signed her last testament three weeks previously, proclaiming her son, Franz-Albert, as the successor to the Grand Duchy. Elisabeth will be named Countess of Saxony and Thuringia. Amongst other things, Eleanor mentioned the continual freeing of serfs and opening of the university. By the end of the month, Franz-Albert makes plans for his coronation as well as his mother's funeral. Elisabeth has another child, a girl, whom she names Eleanor after her late mother. In technological news, an inventor, named Charles Vaalmacht, invents a small, portable timepiece. It is awed at by many and is very popular in its first year.
 * Munchen: By 1501, the total class of Queen Isabell University amounts to about 4700 men. Troops authorized by Eleanor continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The Collegiate Writs begin to draw more men to college.
 * Straubing: Troops authorized by Eleanor continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Ingolstadt: Troops authorized by Eleanor continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burgau: Troops authorized by Eleanor continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Nurnburg: Troops authorized by Eleanor continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burggrafschaft: Troops authorized by Eleanor continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Bamberg: Troops authorized by Eleanor continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Wurzburg: Troops authorized by Eleanor continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The clergy of Wurzburg find small solace as the Grand Duchess is the somewhat temperate, analytic Eleanor.
 * France D: We ask Bavaria to reassure its non-aggression pact and an alliance with France.
 * Albionic D: We request reaffirmation about our non-aggression pact and trade relations.
 * Bavarian Dip: An envoy sent by Countess Elisabeth, on behalf of a grieving Grand Duke Franz- Albert, accepts and reaffirms the French non-aggression pact and alliance. The envoy also reaffirms the Albionic the non-aggression pact as well as the trade deal.
 * Grand Duchy of Moscow: The nation of Muscovy begins trading along routes routing through the nation of Novgorod and its vassals, and the nation of Pskov. Money collected through trade and taxation is saved this year in the Muscovite treasury in case of an emergency. Trade routes are established between the nations of Poland, Hungary, Rumania, and the Roman Empire, and we promote friendly relations with all these nations. We become closer to Novgorod through trade, relying on Novgorod for safe land routes into our northern territory. The nations of the Ukraine continue to be vassalized. In case of attack we expand our military, recruiting free levies from our cities to protect local regions of our nation. Pikes and crossbows become common equipment in some units after they begin to be produced locally to outfit local regiments. Bowmen continue to be an essential part of our military to provide support for melee units, with some gunpowder weaponry being used. In major cities Kremlins are upgraded and outfitted with modern equipment and dedicated garrisons to combat any threat or invasion. The largest Kremlin, located in Moscow, is especially upgraded, with new walls being added that are wider and can hold cannons. Italian architects are also invited to our courts to design certain aspects of the city. This turn in our nation and vassals is dedicated to military.
 * Lithuania: This turn is officially dedicated to military. Trade between Moscow, Prussia, and other nations helps to amass wealth, which is partially used to finance infrastructural projects and military fortifications.
 * Rumania: Mircea II, now 45, continues to work on improving the economy. Iron, salt and coal mines dot the landscape. Coal begins to become a major resource produced. These mines provide the resources required by the foundries and traders on the coast. The Danube becomes a highway of commerce, hundreds of barges travel up and down its length transporting people, materials, goods, and ideas. The printing press continues to spread across Rumania. As much as 8.5% of the nation has reached basic literacy, and the Moralists promote education of commoners by priests, in order to give everyone the opportunity to read the bible. Stephen, now 27, continues to work alongside his father, he promotes more education and establishes more schools. Stephen has his third child, Radu, he is temperamental baby, demanding much of the servants and his mother Sophie. As for the ETC, more growth in trade is felt.
 * The Consulate of Bulgaria: The economy continues to grow. The printing press spreads south into Bulgaria just as in Rumania. Ties with Rumania are strengthened; hundreds of Romanians move into the country, seeking cheap and productive land, and inter-marriage becomes very common. Bulgarians also begin to migrating to trade towns in Romania to seek more economic opportunities. Bulgarian populations in Rumania now represent a large minority, and the same can be said about Romanians in Bulgaria. Ethnic tensions are uncommon in both nations as multi-ethnic communities existed before the large migrations.
 * Austria: This turn in both our nation and in all our vassals is dedicated to economy. We train and expand our military using new experience from recent wars, and grow our nation economically. In Morocco our position in Melilla is fortified. All fortifications around the region are rebuilt and manned by stationed guards in case of an attack. To protect Melilla the construction of a fortress outside the city is considered, although postponed for now. The port of Melilla is rebuilt to begin operation as a trade port and military outpost. Construction continues on a shipyard in the Melilla port to facilitate the construction and repair of friendly ships. Melilla is granted a permanent naval garrison in the city’s port to respond to dangers in the area, and to support the small garrison on land which mans the fortifications. Our position in Morocco is fortified by re-inforcements, bringing Melilla operational against attacks. For now, a small fleet is stationed in its harbor, while its garrison continues to hold the north and its supply lines, supporting our Christian brethren. With much of the Muslim population of Melilla left dead after the war against Morocco, the local government attempts to entice settlers by offering large quantities of land to Christian settlers. Many Europeans, particularly of German descent and/or from central Europe begin settling the area around Melilla. With finances from Augsburg-based banking establishments, the Trieste Company continues to launch expeditions to West Africa. Abrechtburg has grown to a decently sized settlement, supporting a population of farmers, traders and a small garrison of soldiers. The town also houses a well furbished fort, armed with a small amount of cannons intended to defend the settlement and the harbor from any attack. Built out of necessity, the port at Abrechtburg is refurbished and expanded to support more trade ships, and allied countries are welcomed to trade and stay in the town. The second largest settlement in Westenland, Dominusburg, follows suit, finishing the construction of a port similar to Abrechtburg ‘s. Trade posts continue to be built and exploited, now numbering several dozen along the coast of Westenland and into allied territory. Our reliance on the Wolof becomes less so, but we sign a trade agreement with their nation to continue our positive relationship. Deals are made with the Wolof for slaves and other goods. Conversion of the natives begin around the settlement. Several bimereiches and caravels begin construction in Trieste, Melilla, Corfu, and other ports, to further facilitate and protect overseas trade. Trade is increased with the Grand Duchy of Bavaria and other trade partners, bringing about new avenues of trade and commerce. The war continues against Venice, making gains on land. We agree to the extended non aggression pact with France.
 * The Tartary offers a few forms of economic aid to Scandinavia, including low prices for food and supplies and small loans. However, much of the development is internal, with demographic growth in most cities and townships. More population movements and founding of townships occur across the nation, leading to even less territorial division of ethnic groups. Populations of Volga Finns, Turks and Goths live close together in peace. This propitiates the spread of the Mastoravic faith, which spreads across the nation and into Uzbekistan. The growing economy of the Tartary also begins to influence that of Uzbekistan. In the south, the navy is also expanded, with three new galleys, the Illion, the Hector and the Saint John, being produced. Theodore's illness grows worse; Alexander, aged seventeen, begins to be prepared for succession. Hector becomes of age. The north receives more immigrants, which leads to an expansion of 5000 sq km eastward.
 * Perm experiences major economic growth. Merchants move across the nation and into the Horde, where the rouble spreads. Komi and Karelian people in Novgorod are encouraged to move into Perm. The population thus grows.
 * Adyghea's economy also grows. Adyghean merchants become more important. Trade is worked through in the Permic rouble. Ties grow closer with Georgia and the ETC in regards to commerce.
 * Azov's government begins the construction of a major fort, Özu-Cale, on the right bank of the Dnieper, near the border with Moscow. This town also partially doubles as a major exporting area of grain. Another port also begins to be built much to the east, Kalmius, on the site of a former Tatar trail. Many people from the Jochid Ulus and Crimea are brought in to build and populate this site. Much of the Jochid trade, handled through Azov, grows in these two new ports; a small flotilla of merchant ships sails off to explore ports in Western Europe. The population grows because of an influx of migrants, and agricultural production is optimal this year.
 * Kazakhstan continues to centralise. More petty khans, especially those who remain furthest from Astana, continue to be crushed, while the centre begins to bloom economically. However, tragedy strikes the nation as the two-year old Khan catches pneumonia on winter, and dies by Christmas. The throne is inherited by Emperor Theodore of the Jochid Ulus, placing those two nations in personal union.
 * Colorado Confederation: The tension between the centralized North and the decentralized South continues as the North continues to build up military and infrastructure while the south continues to expand to the coast. Various factions start forming in the South which include Pro-Centralization, Anti-Centralization, and the Moderates. In the city of Kim two main factions form which as the Actives and the Passives. The Actives desire aggressive centralization in the south while the passives desire a gradual centralization in the South.
 * Roman Empire: The war with Venice proceeds well, with surprise being the primary motive for success. Roman armies lay siege to Epirote cities after defeating their mercenary armies in the field. Crimean levies and Roman troops defeat the Venetians in Kaffa after the straights are closed to Venetian supply. Roman troops also march forth from Corinth and Thebes and take Athens, Attica, and Euborea from the Venetians. A small fleet does what is thought to be impossible and takes Ragusa with little fight, and the city is put under Imperial occupation. The war on Crete continues to proceed well, as the locals are both determined and aid their Roman brethren well. Several islands in the Aegean are raided, but the raiders are sure to target Venetian goods only. In Athens, the Venetian potensa is forced to sign legislation turning the city under the sole authority of the Roman potensa, something that both parties find ironic. As of now, most of the important areas of Venetian dominions have fallen, while Naxos, several islands, part of Crete, part of Epirus, and the Anatolian coast remains free as of now. Venetian prisoners are relatively treated well but are still imprisoned to ensure they do not contribute to the war any longer. The war is still ongoing, but the Empire and its people are invigorated by this victory. The Emperor proposes a land transfer with the Tartar Khan. On other fronts, Elsa and Thomas have a conversation regarding Scandinavia's financial state. While Thomas is reluctant to spend money at this time due to the war against Venice, the speed at which the war is progressing convinces him to bail out Scandinavia, although the economy cannot take much more strain if this continues for several years. In the Exarchate, the Exarch continues to pursue closer relations with the neighboring Muslims, something that he is so far able to accomplish.
 * Albania: Albanian troops and cavalry contribute to the campaign against Venice as troops lay siege to Epirote cities and forts with their Roman comrades. Such coordination and fighting makes the Albanians begin to see the Romans as brothers who are helping their kin liberate their respective homelands, just like the last war, and the Albanians largely pledge to respond in kind.
 * Tatar Dip: The Tartary approves of a land swap, and will show a proposal to the Byzantines next turn.
 * Milan: Work continues on the Certosa di Pavia, the Castle Visconteo, and on the extensive Milan Cathedral. We continue training a proper standing army, utilizing Swiss mercenaries and local recruits. With border disputes now settled between the nations of Austria and Switzerland, we continue opening friendly relations with both nations in hopes of repairing our diplomatic relations and protecting our northern border. We continue constructing cogs and galleys to strengthen our navy and protect our interests on the seas. Our turn is dedicated to economy in both our nation and our vassals. The war continues against the Venetians, with the city of Ravenna falling to our forces. Duke Marco dies and is succeeded by Stephano.
 * Novgorod: We continue the production of ships, cannons, muskets, advanced crossbows, swords, and composite bows, increasing our military capabilities in case of war. The nation’s training and advancement of military continues. The recent classes of Koch ships are being manufactured in Novgorod. The town of St Patriksburg’s population grows a bit more that last year. As the construction of the town improves, the Kremlin finishes, trade becoming more in demand, the town gains slightly. Because of the trade road built with Tver our economy increases. After seeing a great success with the private schools in the cities of Novgorod, St Patriksburg, Staraya Russa, and Nizhny Novgorod. We start building another private school in Rostov and Yaroslavl. We complete building private schools in Torzhok and a private school in Staraya Ladoga. We dedicate this turn to economy. As fur traders and hunters begin to move into Karelia, the border is expanded 3000 sq mi directly to the north. We are pleased that peaceful terms have been met between us and Scandinavia, and we hope to improve relations in the future.
 * Tver: We complete the construction of the private school in Tver and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Yaroslavl, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to economy.
 * Yaroslavl: We complete the construction of the private school in Yaroslavl and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to economy.
 * Rostov: We completed the construction of the private school in Rostov and start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Yaroslavl, Muscovy. We dedicate this turn to economy.
 * Karelia: We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to economy.
 * Bengal Sultanate: The decrease in taxes on the landed elite does its job in most areas of the Sultanate, decreasing the tax load on the peasantry and earning him their support. The tax cuts on the merchant class allow for more trade to be conducted, and a recent lax on some of the quota laws allows for more goods to be shipped from Bengal, greatly increasing trade income. Cash crops continue to be grown in large amounts. With our merchants traveling to Ava, Kamarumpa and Arakan regularly, Islam continues to grow in their areas. Most all trade roads continue to see much-needed maintenance. Due to Bengal having control over lands of multiple ethnicities and religions, literary works in the form of poems continue to take influence from all three religions of the Sultanate. Urdu, also called Hindi by some, becomes more common in the Sultanate due to the mixing of Hindu and Islamic ideals. We continue to help finance the Plutocratic State of Jaunpur, Delhi Sultanate and Bahamani Sultanate by sending gifts directly to the nobles/sultans, offering loans from powerful trade bankers, and decreasing the trade taxes over all of Bengal, allowing more of our merchant goods to travel into those states. We also raise a portion of the Sultan's personal levy and then divide it to be sent out to the states' leaders, so that they can do with them what they wish in order to maintain order in their nation. The construction of schools and universities several years ago has led to an increase in scholars and literacy in our nation. Due to the removal of trade barriers among a majority of states in the Indian League, their merchants and ours begin to travel with increased mobility and goods, thereby increasing the trade income and output in the agreeing nations. Several Bengali merchants continue to sponsor gem mines in the Mogok area of Ava, due to the high concentration of gems such as rubies, sapphires, garnets and moonstones, and the first of many mines begin to return with moresucesses. Construction of ships based upon Castilian designs, granted to us by them, continues, in order to further our efforts to explore and trade. Several popular works of poetry, written in Urdu, are bought and stored by the Sultan within his palace in Pandua due to him favoring these particular works over poetic works written in Bengali. Inspired by the recent tale of forgiveness displayed by the Indian nations with the Mughal Empire, a Bengali poet by the name of Brā'una prabala-bāẏu continues work on his epic.
 * ​Emirate of Andamana: Illyas-Sasaska continues to reclaim land on the island to make room for farms, and to have timber for building both boats and houses. The Emirate expands another 500 km onto the island. The ships built by the timber from the island help contribute to Bengali trade. Continues working on economy and infrastructure.
 * Rajya of Orissa: Kapilendra Deva continues to listen to his advisers and bring about several reforms to his nation that make it more Islamic friendly, one of which is new, and calls for the creation of one mosque for each Hindu temple in the name of tolerance, when in reality, his advisers have prescribed this to bring about larger Islamic influence. The new University of Bhubanēśbara (Bhubaneswar) finishes construction and now houses several classes ranging from literature to economics.
 * Swargadeo of Kamarupa: Now vassalized by Bengal, the Swargadeo of Ahom continues to receive extensive help in creating viable farmland. They do this by continuing a process of land reclamation in the northern part of the state, which is largely marshy and thinly populated. This process of reclamation begins by using dikes, embankments and irrigation systems. The land reclamation, having been going on for decades, is extremely successful in creating viable farmland for rice, grain and other staple crops, increasing Kamarupa's population and their yearly trade output.'
 * Hungary and all its vassals and puppets and states in personal union work on expanding their armed forces. There is an increase in trading between them all, along with increased trading with Moscovy and thus allows economic growth. Road construction also continues as for greater trade, better infrastructure is needed. Hungary also focuses highly on building better naval ships and upgrading old ships as well as putting many obsolete ships into retirement. Sigismund is crowned, as Sigismund the IV, King of Hungary, Croatia and Poland, High Lord of Garai, Split and Dalmatia, Ruler of Bosnia and the Protector of Bosnia and Tripoli. Many noble dignitaries from around Europe are present, including Thomas I, Emperor and Autocrat of the Romans with his wife and consort Elsa, Queen of Scandinavia as well as Mircea II of Rumania. Hungary has mobilised a large number of men whi have been trained excessively hard to fight valiantly. This has lead to a slight decrease in harvests but this is not a major problem. Seeing the invasion of Venice and the assult of the city, Sigismund uses his clout with the many prominant families of Venice to organise an evacuation of a large number of them - especially those in relation to the King himself and convinces the Doge to hand over the control of the Venetian navy to the Hungarians, while helping him get out of Venice to travel south with the fleet. A lot of the Venetian knowledge is taken with the fleeing nobles, and using their command of the Venetian fleet and backed by the Hungarian fleet, the ships soon undock from Venice and head south into Hungarian waters and away from the invading powers. However, a significant portion of the navy stay behind in Venice - more than one-third, hoping to defend against the invasion and win the battle or at least allow Venice to hold out. Hungary now finds itself with a huge fleet at its disposal and it quickly allocates space for all the ships. However, there are still a significant number which are still floating out in sea and these are regularly resupplied to keep them operational. Sigismund quickly begins to talk with the Doge after his arrival in Hungary and expresses his extreme anger at Austria. The men mobilised soon drill hard and more men are mobilised, this time from Poland, adding to the Hungarian force.
 * The Pskovian Prince returns from Discussions on what is now known as the Copenhagen Agreements, allowing Pskov to once again go through the Oresund, in exchange for paying for their Armies' Damages (City of Provo in particular). within the reconstruction include a trade post for Pskovian trade, and Pskov also looks to help Scandinavian economy, giving them loan money in a similar fassion as they did to Moscow, but this time have the intention, instead of controling the actions of the nation through debt (as they did with Moscow), but rather create a non-hostile market for Pskovian goods and services in Scandinavia (not excluding Pskovian Banks). To this end, very little interest is demanded, and it is static, unlike the compound interest demanded from Moscow after the Karelian War. All profit this year. Unfortunately, Knyaz Vladimir Artemovich Zaytsev dies this year, in his sleep, and the nations weeps for the young rabbit. After a Veche, the General Ivan Feodorovich Lavrov is elected Knyaz due to his actions during the war and fully intends to continue the agreements made by his predicessor, as trade is preferable to war, especially for small nations such as Pskov. Ivan Feodorovich is officially declared by the will of Veche and People, Knyaz of Pskov, Confidante to the Grand Duke of Moscow, and head of their mint.
 * Zapoteca: A large part of the population is now sick, and death is common. However, the number of immune people in the population is growing. The Spanish aid is greatly appreciated. The Emperor continues financing Spanish settlers to come to the kingdom and marry into the population. Trade increases and continues with the Spanish. Tlaco II expands roadways connecting cities in the alliance to help merchants and soldiers move more freely between them. The military, which had been outdated for many years, continues to be upgraded. The economy booms with trade as a result of the roads. In the coastal regions under Danibaan's influence, more boats are created. Tlaco II orders more to be manufactured to bring in goods from the sea. Pressure continues to be asserted on Itzapam to join the Zapotec-Spanish sphere.

1502
'''The Swiss Guard arrives at the Vatican, to serve as permanent ceremonial and palace guards for the current pope. In the Vatican the first stones in the foundation of the new St Peter's Basilica are also laid, which is planned to replace the Old St Peter's Basilica.'''

'''Having consolidated his rule over Palestine, Sultan Muhammad bin Qait Bay allows his son Al-Adil Sayf ad-Din Tuman Bay to lead an army into the rest of the former Aleppo Sultanate, successfully combating several warlords in the area. '''

'''A freak storm causes several ships to collide in the canal, blocking it off. To further complicate things, large amounts of sand is dumped into the canal by the winds trapping many more ships. This incident closes off the canal with repairs expected to take at least a decade. It also calls into question the feasibility of the canal itself as yearly dredging costs seem to be higher than the benefit to the Alexandrians.'''
 * Moved to talkpage ~G

'''The nation of Colorado collapses in civil war, with each nation desiring independent rule. The Apache, Hopi, and several other tribes, declare their secession, causing the Colorado to lose all their vassal power. Settlements created in the last few years are raided and several in the outskirts of Colorado territory are killed. '''
 * Portugal: Continues a notable buildup in military strength and allows for a vigorous training program on the existing military forces attempting to train them up heavily. Meanwhile, the administration continues to be reformed, and agriculture and commerce are encouraged. Meanwhile, Portugal continues to develop its navy. Meanwhile, Portuguese traders continue visiting the Castilian settlements in the Canaries. Meanwhile, wheat continues to be cultivated in Leiname. By this time, the colony in Leiname starts to export wheat to Portugal. Meanwhile, some Portuguese explorers continue to explore the African coast. The Açores continue to be settled. Meanwhile, the new ships that been developed, called naus, and that are similar to the Castilian carracks, begin to be used. Naval explorations directed to the west continue, after news that new lands may have been found there. Meanwhile, Santa Cruz expands north by 200 sq km. Meanwhile, pau-brasil (brazilwood) starts to be extracted in the colony.
 * The Prussians and their vassals continue to fight against the Germans and the Russians.
 * France: Military, navy and economy are built up. The war in Tunisia is finally over, with the death of nearly 500,000 Muslims in the entire country leaving the population at 500,000 Muslims. After much consideration and thought France declares war on Trier In order to expand the sphere of influence in germany (recognizing the strength of Austria and the rather favorable view it has been taken towards them by the Spanish and the alliance with Bavaria) 200,000 soldiers from northern France and a few of them being experienced warriors from the Tunisian war, among these are the Purgers Special soldiers trained for fast and direct assassinations during the Tunisian wars, the troops soon enter through the border with Trier and begin causing chaos in the villages, While this, Austria and Bavaria are expected to stand by their alliance and their NAP in order to avoid an escalation of the war into a full scale war with the HRE. The colony continues expanding with a small population of 2500 among both of the settlements and growing by 250 sq km. While this, explorers begin scouting the region reaching OTL Gulf of Uraba. Vassalization of the Auriennes (Turn Two of Seven/Eight) continues.
 * Burgundy: Military and navy are built up. following France's declaration the Burgundians follow and invade the war leading several armies to cross the border with Trier.
 * Bourbon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Lorraine: Military and economy are built up. following France's declaration, Lorraine follows and invade the war leading several armies to cross the border with Trier.
 * Verdun: Military and economy are built up.
 * Saluzzo: Military and economy are built up.
 * Sardinia: Military and economy are built up. The population reaches 300 thousand once again. most of them Sardinians (41%) followed by the French (38%) and the Carthaginians (French Tunisians) (18%) and the remaining 3% of other groups.
 * Basel: Military and economy are built up.
 * Aargau: Military and economy are built up. The French presence begins to be felt. However, the attempts to establish a pro-Germanic government in order to avoid eventual uprisings, internal vassalization begins as well to fully convince German leadership.
 * Andorra: Military and economy are built up.
 * Africa: Military and economy are built up.
 * The Kingdoms of Great Albion (Scotland and England) - member nation of the UKGA: Many ships are modernized and replaced to keep the Royal Albion Navy a powerful forces on the high seas. Port Edmundburg continues to experience a growth in population. Albionic settlers continue to explore the surrounding areas. The dialect of English originally found in Scotland and the Eire grows so large that it covers most of the North of England. This new dialect is called Bythigish (portmanteau of Brython and English). English nobles begin to enjoy the Celtic myths of Eire and Scotland. The Templar Order continues to undercut the King's enemies and seeks ways to privately grow the power of the King and Albion as a whole. The Order buys up many smaller businesses and collectivizes some farms. The Order begins to expand into other areas of Europe, seeking to grow understanding as well as pushing Albionic ideals. Albion continues to explore  farther west and south. Economic aid is sent to our Scandinavian allies, though limited due to pressing domestic issues. A Clockmaker from Cambridge becomes popular for his accurate timepieces and the exquiste wood housing. He creates a chime for the St Mary's Cathedral, the chimes are called the Cambridge Chimes (OTL Westminster Quarters aka Big Ben's chime). The Chimes become so popular, other clockmakers incorporate the chimes into their clocks. After much consideration, and spurred on by the simmering bitterness and anger toward Hamburg, Albion declares war and immediently moves its Navy in to blockade. Troops pour into the area. Albion is hoping that the NAP and alliances in the HRE will remain neutral. A new division from Scotland called the Highlanders land and make a terrifying force.
 * Brittany: Brittany is officially placed under Albionic influence. The military and navy are expanded.
 * Calais: Military and navy are expanded.
 * Dublin: Dublin undergoes another remodel and expansion to the ports due to the massive influx of trade from Castile and Venice as well as an increased Eire trade.
 * Scotland: Expands navy and military. Pan Albion sentiments grow, Trade increases. Whiskey is traded down to central Albion.
 * Wales: Wales expands its military and navy. Cardiff becomes a large centre of trade for Wales. The Welsh appoint Adam Cyrdger as Royal Minister. The first sessions of parliament are held. Wales does not see as large a population boom as Albion or Scotland, but a minor one, centered around Cardiff and Swansea, does occur.
 *  Port Edmundburg expands by 1000 sq km. The African colonists begin looking toward mining and other ventures to generate profit.
 * New Cambridgeshire: New Cambridgeshire expands by 1000 sq km. Colonists begin to explore around the region and begin to have a large fishing boom. The Port of New Rotham is expanded to handle excess ships from Albion and other European nations. The people of New Rotham also begin an attempt to gain knowledge of farming in Borealia from Native Peoples.
 * Hamburg-Mecklenburg: the military is mobilized in response to the declaration of war by Albion. Duke Friedrich remarks, "I was wrong, the Albion deserves no respect. To return to war so hastily warrants none. They are merely doing the bidding of Scandinavia, of who Albion is a crony." The mutual defense pact with Hesse is invoked, citing Hamburgs readiness to defend it in two revolts and the aggression by Prussia. Hamburg requests support from its allies, Friedrichs wife leaves for Oldenburg, also asking for assistance from her home. Heinrich Von Brunswick, chancellor of the Holy Roman Empire, asks for assistance from the Emperor to help against a foreign aggressor. He then resigns the Chancellors position to lead his troops again into battle, as he did two short years before.
 * All Vassals: every vassal declares war on Albion.
 * Scandinavian Empire: The military goes through massive reforms. The past war with Hamburg illustrated the danger of focusing mostly on naval expansion when the true enemies are mostly landlocked. The navy is reformed into eight fleets. The Scandinavian First Fleet is the assault fleet in the North Sea. Made of the most hardened sailors and advanced ships, the First Fleet will become the spearhead for naval operations undertaken by the North Sea Trade Alliance. The Second Fleet, another offensive fleet, will join the First Fleet, though it will also be used during peace time as defense. The Third Fleet and Fourth Fleets will be used to perform operations undertaken by Scandinavia alone. During peace time, they are the defense grid in the Baltics. The Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth fleets are the defensive fleets in the North Sea, Oresund, East and West parts of the Baltic Sea respectively. The armies are also reformed. The changes are too numerous to be listed here. Scandinavia praises Albion in its decision to invade Hamburg. Scandinavia sends military assistance to Albion, donating many ships from the Scandinavian Second Fleet to the war effort.  I am not declaring war on Hamburg .
 * Schleswig: Schleswig bolsters the Scandinavian Sixth fleet with ships of their own. Schleswig sends supplies to Albion. The military is expanded.
 * Finland: The Finnish Northmen Army is drafted to protect Finnish interests. Finland expands by 3000 sq km into northern territory.
 * Grand Duchy of Bavaria: Grand Duke Franz-Albert thanks Thuringia and Saxony for the alliances. Franz-Albert continues in petitioning the lords of Thuringia for manpower and tribute (Turn Five out of Six). Starting in 1499, Eleanor also begins petitioning the lords of Saxony for tribute as well (Turn Four out of Six). Bavaria expands its military. The population continues to rise. Grand Duke Franz-Albert and his council continue to allow the training of new troops. Several markets are constructed in Landshut as well as trade houses for Austrian and Castilian traders. In Austria, several new ships begin being constructed, with twenty-five very large cogs being finished, and by 1502 a trade route is put in place. Such important places in the trade route include Rome, Athens, Constantinople, Gibraltar, and the coasts of Brittany, due to a longstanding trade deal. Continuing in 1502, Franz-Albert commissions six cogs to sail around western Mediterranean coasts. The market center in Landshut continues to attract Bavarian and Venetian traders. In religious news, around 76% of the country adheres to the Western Church. Most adherents live around Munchen and Landshut. In other news, Bavaria continues implementing the Alliance and Merchant Act as well as the Militia and Navy Act. As new Grand Duke, Franz-Albert continues hosting a largely Venetian court. However, many Bavarian families have intermingled with the Venetians, creating a distinct social class and identity. In national news, the common courts continue to be implemented around Bavaria as several of the lower class make use it of. The serf laws begin to be used as well. Skeptics who theorized that the serf laws would mark no profound change in society begin to be proven wrong. In 1502, as many as one hundred and twenty serfs sue for their freedom. The wild unpopularity of these laws begin to wear off as well. Franz-Albert further incorporates the Collegiate Writs, allowing many more lower class men to enter college. In legal news, Franz-Alber continues implementing the Bavarian Commands, and names his ten year old son, Heinrich, as crown prince to the Bavarian throne. His five year old son, Charles, and four year old daughter, Margaret, are named as Prince and Princess of the realm. Franz-Albert sends letters around Europe, pertaining to a royal marriage for both Charles (5) and Margaret (4). In diplomatic news, Franz-Albert is outraged by the madness that has gripped the continent, as Albion declares war on Hamburg, and France invades Trier. Due to peace making efforts and quite a precarious situation, Franz-Albert does not declare war on either nation. However, apart from declaring war, Franz-Albert sends supplies and military aid to Hamburg. A number of 5000 volunteers are sent to Hamburg as well, to act as field nurses and soldiers. These volunteers will not wear any Bavarian standard or flag, but since they are volunteers they will adopt the Hamburger standards and colors on the field.  Franz-Albert wants to assure France and Albion that war is not being declared. However, the Grand Duke will not stand idly by and watch his dear ally be crushed. Support and supplies will be the maximum involvement Bavaria wishes to have in this war.


 * Munchen: By 1502, the total class of Queen Isabell University amounts to about 4610 men. Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The Collegiate Writs begin to draw more men to college.
 * Straubing: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Ingolstadt: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burgau: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Nurnburg: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burggrafschaft: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Bamberg: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Wurzburg: Troops authorized by Franz-Albertcontinue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. A religious change begins occurring in Wurzburg upon the ascension of Franz-Albert, where many more Western Christians begin inhabiting the bishopric. At first, the clergy is unmoved. However, as the year progresses they begin to feel threatened.
 * Albionic Dip: The King understands the position of Bavaria and assures them that no ill will is held, we would and have done the same for our own allies.
 * Hesse: Princess-Regent Eva, basically says "Fuck you, you stupid twats." to Hamburg, and invades them, after making numerous ultimata which they have refused. She is also angry how the Hamburgers claimed Hesse's port towns without consent from Hesse. The armies near Trier are recalled for the war against Hamburg. The vassalization of Berg continues. (Turn Three of Five). Alliances are sent to Albion and France.
 * ​Albionic Dip: Albion accepts.
 * France D: The alliance is accepted, graciously noting the siding ally.
 * Hamburgian Dip: diplomats in Ludwigsburg assure Hesse that their port towns are not claimed, and remain in Hessian control after the war. The diplomats point out that Hesse has no justifiable reason to join against Hamburg, and continue to point out the two nations' long history of alliance and partnership, from the First Norse-German War, to the German Union, to Hamburgs assistance in Hesses two revolts, and Hamburgs faith to Hesse when the Hamburg ally of Prussia invaded.
 * Hessian Dip: We ask Hamburg then for a vereinigung, where the two royal families will rule a single, unified Hesse-Hamburg.
 * Marrikuwuyanga Empire: The tribes had returned to the lands they had been previously forced to abandon and quickly settled. Due to the large ships provided by the Ayutthaya, the people were able to easily travel to the Tiwi Islands and return in time. This increased Emperor Yada Gulpilil's popularity who was now worshipped and referred to as the Almighty. The Emperor considered himself God, disregarding the fact that it was the Ayutthaya that had provided him with the medicine, ships and food. The Emperor called upon the tribes neighboring Marrikuwuyanga to give up their false gods and worship Emperor Yada. The Marrikuwuyanga had declared that any tribe that peacefully united with the Marrikuwuyanga would be allowed to keep their land, women, gold, etc, but anyone who resisted would be punished severely. When a forest fire resulted in the deaths of 11 men from the Dangbon tribe, Emperor Yada declared that it was proof of his wrath and divinity. The Emperor Yada Gulpilil agreed to allow Ayutthaya to preach Hinduism and Buddhism as long as they mentioned the Emperor was God himself and the Ayutthaya made sure that the new converts did not attempt to replicate the Emperor's divinity. In return, the Ayutthaya had sent 1000 regulars for Marrikuwuyangan army. Meanwhile, Marrikuwuyanga's influence continued to increase within the neighbouring tribes and the military was strengthened as the military gained access to the muskets via Ayutthaya. Trade boosted Marrikuwuyanga's economy. The crop yield increased annually and so did the population. The Marrikuwuyanga had already discovered the route to the island of Timor and now Marrikuwuyanga merchants monthly visited the island, trading materials they had acquired from the Ayutthaya as well as spreading information regarding Enperor Yada Gulpilil. We also expand 100 px to the South, overrunning various nomad tribes.
 * Yalngu:The people of Yalngu worshipped Emperor Yada Gulpilil as their God. Many of their men joined the Marrikuwuyanga's military and extensive work on the development of Yalngu's infrastructure continued. The Marrikuwuyanga slowly and gradually start to annex Yalngu.
 * Jawoyn: Having accepted the union, Marrikuwuyanga's soldiers soon had stormed into Jawoyn territory. Emperor Yada Gulpilil was declared a God and the people of Jawoyn worshipped him. They were introduced to the Ayutthaya, ships, medicines and modern weaponry and had their economy developed through trade and military through training. The Marrikuwuyanga slowly and gradually start to annex Jawoyn.
 * |onte continues to have a large surplus of grain. Though adopting "western farming", the idea of "the tribe" is still very much so alive, as people always share the crops they have grown, or the animals they have hunted amongst the community. Mon's children advocate the planting of trees in small groves. Throughout the year, Mon's children go elephant hunting, though it is very dangerous, as they are hunting them with arquebuses, and the whole process requires much co-ordination. However, the results are said to be spectacular, as the tribe gains new wealth in the collected ivory, and the elephant meat is considered a rarity. The season resulted in six elephants being killed. Much of the younger generation knows how to hunt, and begin to help their parents, increasing the prosperity of the tribe. Not only do they know how to hunt, but in accordance with tribal tradition, each one of them may become a warrior if the need be, trained both in the arquebus and the bow, though the arquebus is gaining much ground against the arrow. |onte is becoming very rich with money made from elephant hunting, as they have nothing to spend the money on. Ma-n!o, and Mon continue tp travel east with their three ships, and almost die of hunger before reaching Car Nikobar. One ships is ordered by Ma-n!o to stay on the island, while the others continue on, making it to southern China. Mon II, intrigued by the concept of Chinese Culture, Buddhism and writing, stays behind in a Buddhist monestary while the other ships go back to Car Nicobar. Debarubo, who studied both the army, and the arts, halts his conquering spree, and begins raiding the new found tribes to the north. Debarubo present the courts of Netherlands with a gift of Ivory.
 * County of Oldenburg: Christian VI is in a tough situation. He feels torn, unable to fight his close trading partner Albion, but at the same time unable to let his daughter's husband's country be crushed by the invaders. As a compromise, he sends support to Hamburg in the form of arms and gold. No soldiers are sent, and war is  not  declared on Albion. The support is more a sign of solidarity with his son-in-law than an indication of Oldenburg's political stance. Princess Adelheid is welcomed back to her native land, and during her 8 month stay, she gives birth to a son, Dietrich. Dietrich is removed from the line of succession to Hamburg, as per the marriage agreement. Dietrich will one day become Count as Dietrich II. In other news, the military is built up.
 * Prince-Bishopric of Osnabruck: Rudolf continues his search for holy relics. The military is built up due to the spate of wars.
 * Albionic Dip: The Bishop of Scotland would like to travel to Oldenburg with a few of Scotland's fabled relics of St Andrew the Apostle.
 * Otago Maori: We continue to expand in New Zealand. We also invade a few nearby tribes and have expanded our military and population.
 * Natigosteg L'nu: Continue to modernize using copied European technology. A pair of experimental ships are completed, although they are significantly smaller than carracks or naus, being more like xebecs. One of Gespeg's sons, Yaldan, takes them on an exploratory voyage to the nnorth. After being blown of course during the night, he finds himself in a huge bay. After discovering this bay to be rich in furs, he leaves 20 men in a fort at OTL Moose Factory and promises to return next year. These men trade for furs with the nieghbouring tribes. Meanwhile, Gespeg becomes concerned with spiritual matters. After reading the first translation of the Bible into Mik'maq hieroglyphs, he begins to question his preexisting religious beliefs. However, he also finds Christianity difficult to understand. He soon goes into seclusion in what he calls "an attempt to make the unvirese forever comprehensible". Labrador expands by 4000 km northeast along the coast. The military, now largely outfitted with metal and even with some reindeer cavalry, raids the Innu, demonstrating their new power. An ultimatum is sent to the Naskapi, threatening them with military destruction in three years if they do not submit to the L'nu. (Mod Response Needed).
 * The Nation of the Oirats: Cement and iron increase in production. Iron weapons are now majorly used. As we increase in population, we slowly target our expansion northward. We expand 60 px to the north. A scholar developed the idea of a colony that can speed up expansion and the Khan, in great joy, gave him the position of the Minister of colonies. We construct a colony in OTL Yakutsk, named Yakutsk. We continue to develop our firearms. We continue to study the printing press and make more of them. We begin building up our military and create even tougher practices. We expand our settlement at North Baikal Lake. We begin sending our soldiers next to the Baikal Jurchens. 50,000 soldiers are sent to the north of Baikal Lake and another 10,000 is in a small naval base on Baikal lake. We began building cannon foundries and build another model, the six inch cannon. We slowly decrease influence of China in Oirat but we give China many goods and taels in return.
 * Yakutsk: We expand by 200 px.
 * Oirat D: We ask the Jianzhou Jurchens to form the Great Eurasian Alliance with us.
 * ​Safavid Empire: We build up our military and navy. We continue to build walls and outposts around our capital city. The building of the biggest mosque in the nation is continuing now. Port cities are being rebuilt. More ships are being made for our navy. Our own version of guns are being made. Farming is becoming one of the most important industries, besides blacksmithy, trading and fishing. The building of the first college in the capital city is continuing. Guns are now mass produced in our country. We continue to make more woodblock printing presses for our libraries. Prototype cannons three feet long are continuing to be made. A trade route from our home country to Oirat is continuing to be mapped out. Foreign exchange banks are becoming popular in our country due to the ETA. (Eurasian Trade Agreement) Trade has increased due to the ETA. A new art form is being drawn. It is a mix of Safavid, Oirat, and Mughal art. Our art is becoming popular with all of the nation around us.
 * Fusahito Theocracy: The city of Sendai begins to grow, with many members of the nobility eager to buy property in the newly constructed city. Similarly, many of the lesser nobility,craftsmen and artisans clamour to live in the modern city. Gifts are sent to the other Daimyos to improve relations, including gold and jade. The Emperor continues with a series of reforms meant to gradually phase out and then abolish slavery in Japan, cracking down on the continuation of the purchase and sale of slaves. The new religious police, modelled on the Chinese Jinyiwei begin to crack down on the slave trade, with full authority to arrest, interrogate and punish anybody suspected of opposing the Emperor's decrees - including the nobility. Imperial warships are used to patrol the coast of the Theocracy, searching for slave ships. Any ship found to be carrying slaves is taken as a prize, with the crews used as forced labour, increasing the size of the navy. Military turn. The slaves that these ships are carrying are released at the next port, whilst the captain is hung from the mast of his ship. Work is completed cobbling the main roads out of the capital. The Yamana State continues to have closer ties with the Fusahito Theocracy, with the Daimyo being made welcome at the Fusahito court and plied with gifts. Year five of seven. The Emperor decrees that the failure to hear a response from the Ryukyu Kingdom shall be met with swift action. Warships are sent in the the waters of the kingdom and troops are landed on numerous islands to begin the forcible suppression of the slave trade. These troops are equipped with siege weaponry, including siege towers and catapults.
 * Rajya of Marwar: The economy continues to expand and the nation begins to influence Jaisalmer (Year Seven). During these events, Rao Raja Singh sends more architects from Marwar to the Mughal who would design Mandirs in the Mughal Empire and also for priests (whose correct name Imp may edit in) to spread Hinduism in the Mughal Empire. The nation also supports numerous marriages between members of the Rajput clans and Mughali noble families. With the Mughal Empire prospering due to the Eurasian trade agreement, the Rajya applies. (eco turn)
 * Mughal Empire: The economy of the nations is continued to be developed and architects sent by Emperor-Khan Raja Singh ud-din Muhammad Bahadur issue the building of the already designed temples. The Mughali prosperity continues as the Eurasian trade agreement is set into motion. (Eco turn)
 * Southern Chagatai (PSFSCK): With increased trade, the nation requests to join the Eurasian trade agreement.
 * Eire (Member Nation of the UKGA): Eoghan O'Briain, intrigued by tales of a western land, goes on another voyage in a fleet of six ships sponsored by the King Tomas II, who has attained the title recently gained the title "the Enterprising" for his sponsorship of merchant-class enterprises and especially voyages of exploration. O'Briain is granted a charter by the Eiric Exploration company and gathers a group of traders, adventurers, farmers, and fortune seekers and establishes the colony Nuaphail at OTL Dalhousie (Newpale in English, after the barrier that surrounds the main town which reminds the Irish of the old barrier dividing English Ireland and Irish Ireland, only ironically, the Irish are the ones inside the Pale this time), with the main city being known as Nua Luimneach (New Limerick), as the area it is settled on is akin to the Eiric city of Limerick. Meanwhile, the military is built up, after the Scandinavian War, and bitterness rises against Hamburg and the HRE. The pidgin language that has been spoken in the port cities of Eire that is related to Brythenglish becomes an official language of Eire, with it being entitled "Albionic". Our explorers discover much of the land between OTL Cape Cod and Labrador, and claim it for the UKGA and all aligned native tribes. A map is drafted of these regions. Galway becomes the main center for Western trade and colonization.
 * ​Nuaphail: After the first year of the colony, the first major wave of settlers begins to arrive at the fledgling town of Nua Luimneach/Limerick. Composed of a diverse group of indentured servants, fortune-seekers, soldiers, missionaries, and free settlers, the vast majority are from Eire, specifically the port cities of Limerick, Tralee, and Galway, but a smattering are from other parts of Eire and even the kingdoms of Great Albion. We also begin to send single women, who are rewarded for their passage to the colony in money and other goods. Friendly relations are established with the Natigosteg L'nu, and other surrounding Mi'kmaq tribes though there are some raids, and we come to the L'nu with various trinkets and a picture of King Tomas II and one of the Eiric countryside. Due to the bounty of the surrounding area in natural resources, there is more than enough food, especially with the help of the L'nu, and the first batches of cod and lumber are exported. Missionaries of the Western Church are sent to all surrounding tribes, and we sail up the OTL St Lawrence as far as OTL Quebec City, with missionaries spreading the Faith and trinkets to native people in exchange for food and loyalties. We expand 1000 pixels along both the north and south shores of Chaleur Bay.
 * Bengal Sultanate: The decrease in taxes on the landed elite does its job in most areas of the Sultanate, decreasing the tax load on the peasantry and earning him their support. The tax cuts on the merchant class allow for more trade to be conducted, and a recent lax on some of the quota laws allows for more goods to be shipped from Bengal, greatly increasing trade income. Cash crops continue to be grown in large amounts. With our merchants traveling to Ava, Kamarumpa and Arakan regularly, Islam continues to grow in their areas. Most all trade roads continue to see much-needed maintenance. Due to Bengal having control over lands of multiple ethnicities and religions, literary works in the form of poems continue to take influence from all three religions of the Sultanate. Urdu, also called Hindi by some, becomes more common in the Sultanate due to the mixing of Hindu and Islamic ideals. We continue to help finance the Plutocratic State of Jaunpur, Delhi Sultanate and Bahamani Sultanate by sending gifts directly to the nobles/sultans, offering loans from powerful trade bankers, and decreasing the trade taxes over all of Bengal, allowing more of our merchant goods to travel into those states. We also raise a portion of the Sultan's personal levy and then divide it to be sent out to the states' leaders, so that they can do with them what they wish in order to maintain order in their nation. The construction of schools and universities several years ago has led to an increase in scholars and literacy in our nation. Due to the removal of trade barriers among a majority of states in the Indian League, their merchants and ours begin to travel with increased mobility and goods, thereby increasing the trade income and output in the agreeing nations. Several Bengali merchants continue to sponsor gem mines in the Mogok area of Ava, due to the high concentration of gems such as rubies, sapphires, garnets and moonstones, and the first of many mines begin to return with more sucesses. Construction of ships based upon Castilian designs, granted to us by them, continues, in order to further our efforts to explore and trade. Several popular works of poetry, written in Urdu, are bought and stored by the Sultan within his palace in Pandua due to him favoring these particular works over poetic works written in Bengali. Inspired by the recent tale of forgiveness displayed by the Indian nations with the Mughal Empire, a Bengali poet by the name of Brā'una prabala-bāẏu continues work on his epic, and nears completion. A new deposit of Iron ore is discovered in western Bengal, leading to an increased supply of Iron.
 * ​Emirate of Andamana: Illyas-Sasaska continues to reclaim land on the island to make room for farms, and to have timber for building both boats and houses. The Emirate expands another 500 km onto the island. The ships built by the timber from the island help contribute to Bengali trade. Continues working on economy and infrastructure.
 * Rajya of Orissa: Kapilendra Deva continues to listen to his advisers and bring about several reforms to his nation that make it more Islamic friendly, one of which is new, and calls for the creation of one mosque for each Hindu temple in the name of tolerance, when in reality, his advisers have prescribed this to bring about larger Islamic influence. The new University of Bhubanēśbara (Bhubaneswar) finishes construction and now houses several classes ranging from literature to economics.
 * Swargadeo of Kamarupa: Now vassalized by Bengal, the Swargadeo of Ahom continues to receive extensive help in creating viable farmland. They do this by continuing a process of land reclamation in the northern part of the state, which is largely marshy and thinly populated. This process of reclamation begins by using dikes, embankments and irrigation systems. The land reclamation, having been going on for decades, is extremely successful in creating viable farmland for rice, grain and other staple crops, increasing Kamarupa's population and their yearly trade output.'
 * Alexandria: Trade continues to increase as the ports are re-established. More people are converted to Coptic Christianity due to the See of Saint Mark's presence. Many Muslims reconsider their faith seeing the prosperity that Christians live in. Resources are sent to Aiguptia to maintain and protect the canal as that process continues and workers are encouraged to go seek out this opportunity. The economy continues to pick up as trade expands to SE Asia. . The land acquired from Yemen by the Red Sea continues to see a port town established for sailors and merchants to rest before going into the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean, there is a medium increase in population as more people look to get into the trade business and travel from Castile and the Netherlands requires a stop for their sailors. In the province of Judea soldiers are to protect both Christian, Islamic and Jewish pilgrimages. Small amounts of conversions in Judea take place mainly converting Christians and Muslims to Coptic Christianity. Alexandria moves troops into the south as the region is to keep the region calm and free of revolt. OTL Goa and Karachi continue to become a massive destination for Alexandrian trades and relationships continued to be established. Grigorios's engineers continue plans of a reconstructed lighthouse on the cite of the citadel. Relations are continued with the nation Vijaynagar, an we continue establish more posts along the coast, especially at Goa. Kafta and Kyricos become bolder and are taught to rule. Immigration from traders and trading families increases to the trade enclaves in Alexander's Strait and the Somali enclaves. Alexandria's soldiers are sent to fight the rebels in the south and in Cairo. Asks fellow Christian nations in Nubia and Eastern Europe for assistance to end the islamic revolt. The Red Sea Trade Company is formed in order to deal with states along the Red Sea and creating safe and constant trade in the area. It is owned by the Great Eastern Sea Trade Co and is also a royal charter from Kafta and Grigorios. Kyricos takes over more ruling aspects of the nation. Inf Turn.. Vassalization of Makuria and Alodia begins (Turn Two). The Canal begins to be dredged and the ships extracted (not sure how a storm would cause the ships to sink due to colliding since these are wide manmade lakes where mulitiple ships might be but I'll play along because I just don't understand). Overland routes are brought back in order to continue to facilitate trade while heavy dredging takes place. 
 * Ethiopia: Grigorios and Kafta begins creating and developing relationships with local leaders. Shortly after the treaty everyone settles back into normal lifestyles. Soldiers are sent to Alexandria. For all intesive purposes Kafta is the ruler. INF TURN.
 * Cyrencia: Is put under semi autonomy in a vassal state relationship. It is put under the leadership of Kyricos for the time being. Inf Turn.
 * Rumania: Mircea II, the Great Prince of Rumania, Lord Protector of the Danube, and High lord of all Vlachs dies in his sleep. His son Stephen, now 27, continues to work on improving the economy. Iron, salt and coal mines dot the landscape. Coal begins to become a major resource produced. These mines provide the resources required by the foundries and traders on the coast. The Danube becomes a highway of commerce, hundreds of barges travel up and down its length transporting people, materials, goods, and ideas. As much as 9% of the nation has reached basic literacy, and the Moralists promote education of commoners by priests, in order to give everyone the opportunity to read the bible. Education among the elite is becoming much more common.
 * The Consulate of Bulgaria: The economy continues to grow. The printing press spreads south into Bulgaria just as in Rumania. Ties with Rumania are strengthened; hundreds of Romanians move into the country, seeking cheap and productive land, and inter-marriage becomes very common. Bulgarians also begin to migrating to trade towns in Romania to seek more economic opportunities. Bulgarian populations in Rumania now represent a large minority, and the same can be said about Romanians in Bulgaria. Ethnic tensions are uncommon in both nations as multi-ethnic communities existed before the large migrations.
 * In Ayutthaya, King Ramesuan I, High Lord of the Kingdoms of Empire returns in glory to a giant crowd of thousands that greet him as ships arrive back in Ayutthaya. As he and his army of 90,000 march with pride to the city of Ayutthaya, led by the King himself at the head of the Golden Army, decked out in full dress regalia, gold filigree and all. He reaches the city of Ayutthaya to be greeted by a huge crowd, and his chief advisor, Loethai Jainukul, who gives him the scepter of the King. Thus do the conquests of King Ramesuan end. With his arrival, he announces the building of a new palace to commerorate the conquests. The Road of God, almost complete, runs through almost all of Ayutthaya's conquests. As per our treaty, the Dutch are granted the city of Jakarta. The religion of Zoroastrianism, introduced in Malacca by a few Persian traders, now begins to spread through the rest of the nation, with many thousands of followers. The co-religious summit at Ayutthaya continues, with the message of peace and prosperity- under Ayutthaya, of course- being spread through the nation. All vassals- the Majapahit, Aru, and Siak- expand their economies. With the collapse of the Philidelphi, seen as an act either of God or of *ahem* ALIEN SPACE BATS *cough cough*, interest begins to rise in taking a route around the Cape of Good Hope to trade, though we aren't that desperate yet. With new roads and walls being built throughout the nation, and infrastructure improving no end, the populace is extremely happy. The "treasure ship" is improved upon, slightly lengthened, and three more are built. Ayutthaya remains one of the richest nations on the planet as its population - vassals included- tops 23 million (this is based off population stats for the entire region, plus the population boom brought about by the massive amount of gold and suchlike). The result of the conquests and trade is a giant food surplus of almost 10,000 acres. This is used to invest heavily further in the Dai Viet economy. We continue to invest and bolster the economies of neighboring nations. The King, to better seal his relations with his underkings, marries the daughter of the conquered king of Tulang Bawang. Mining operations begin in the Northern region, where deposits of many metals are found. The North, meanwhile, has already recovered from the Rape of the North, in which some one in hundred Northerners were killed by the King's men to punish- and wipe out- the Purists, a job duly done; nary a Purist lives from border to border in Ayutthaya, now one of the richest seabased navies on Earth. Finally, we request the ability to set up a trade post near Marrikuwuyangan territory. 
 * Tawatinsuyu: Economy is improved, with the development of cties creating trade hubs. The size of the army hits 17,000. Cuzco, Machu Picchu, and Chan Chan are developed further, populations of these cities hits 189,000, 80,000, and 100,000 respectively. Population across the empire hits 1,055,000. Reformation of the farming system continues as crops produce better yields. Research into medicine and Sciences continues, with advancements being made allowing for greater care of the sick and injured. Rebuilding and building continues across the empire. Culture merging continues. The empire is now divided into four districts, Cuzco-suyu (the area formerly known as the Kingdom of Cuzco) Aymara-suyu (the territories conquered in the two Cuzcan-Aymaran wars) Nazca-Suyu (area perviously known as the Ica-Nazca) and Chimor-suyu (the Ica-Nazca's northern vassals). Each of these districts acts similar to a state, with regional rulers being appointed by the Sapa-Inca. The process of culture blending begins to show effects, as Cuzcans live across the emipire now, taking there culture with them. While Cuzcans are the largest ethnic group (~46%) they still do not make up 50% of the empire. The other ethnic groups are:Nazca (~18%), Chimu (~20%), Wankan (~9%) Aymara (~3%) and Other (5%). Cuzcan remains the fastest growing ethnic group. The enslavement of the Aymara people begins once again, thought the ethnic purging is left out of the old formula. We will consider Chiribaya's request carefully in the following years. 
 * Yemen: We have domesticated 26 camels throughout the year, giving seven of the of them to the king of Alexandria to improve our relations. Our king, announces to plan to improve the current mosques in the country, as well as build new ones. We expand 20 px to the north into the isolated, Arabian Peninsula.
 * Burjid Sultanate: With Sultan Qait Bay consildating Palestine and his son Tuman Bay conquering the former Allepo Sultanate, the Burjid Sultanate is split into two entinities - Adminstration and Army. The leader of the Adminstration is Sultan Qait Bay and his son Tuman Bay is the leader of the Army. While Tuman Bay is conquering the former Aleppo Sultanate, Sultan Qait Bay tries to centralize the newly established nation. In an attempt to centralize Burjid, the Sultan decides to use the money recently aquired from raids to build up mosques across the Sultanate in order to unify the nation in Islam. The mosques are to be a place for worship, prayer,information, and education. Because of the important functions the mosques have of each town, it shall be the center of town with markets and homes built around it. The Sultan's domestic policy is commonly known as the Mosque Modele and construction of mosques across the Sultanate begin as well as infrastructure build up.
 * Netherlands: With the new war in the hre exploding the Netherlands fear that one of the German states might start to gain hegemony. The Netherlands approach the emperor in hopes figuring out how to prevent a destabalization of central Europe. Maurice requests that his allies show restraint when dealing with the HRE. With the port city of Jakarta now in the hands of the East indias Company a garrison of 500 troops are stationed there while recruits from the local population are requested. The city is renamed Batavia. expansion of the military and the navy continue. Wheel locks start to be produced in small numbers in Wallonia. Trade with Asia continues thanks to the Dutch routes along the African coast. Troops on the way back from the Thai campaigns of conquest are ordered to establish an outpost on the Maldives leading to the establishment of a small enclave in the north of the islands. Trade with the Indian subcontinent and with South East Asia continue to grow, and with the temporary closure of the canal and the fall of Venice the Dutch get an opportunity to start expanding their own trade shares in both Europe and Asia thanks to the need for eastern goods in Europe and the interest in western goods in the orient. The expedition to the New World continues mapping out the coastline and serious talks about starting up a settlement begin largely in the areas previously explored by the first expedition, for now though the expedition decideds to cut some of the wood and bring it back to Europe to see if it can fetch a good price. New Friesland and Nassau are expanded and fortified. The bourgoisie continue to grow in power and wealth. The arts and sciences continue to flourish. A Dutch noble makes a comment during a meeting of the Flag_of_Nk's_Netherlands_2.svgs-Generals which brings great interest to the rest as he speaks of the Start of the Dutch Golden Age. After over 40 years of having used the flags of each of the provinces during diplomatic meetings and matters of the state Maurice reveals the new flag of the Netherlands, with a Lion bearing a crown and sword to show the nuited crown of the lowlands on an Orange, White and Blue background. The Orange and blue to represent the colours of his own house Nassau-Orleans, and the white to represent the endless oppurtunities ahead of the Netherlands. His eldst son William begins military training as the rest of his children begin their formal educations. The University of Amsterdam and the University of Brussels continue to grow in importance as more and more academics and scholars come out of them.

Castile:  King Ferdinand unable to resist the opportunity of the new lands heard of immediately commissions more trading companies to cross the seas and scout out these new lands. Leaving from multiple points the fleets reach the new lands and immediately go their separate ways. One fleet, the smallest of the three composing of seven ships, sails south mapping and cataloguing go much farther south than they believed finding a huge natural harbor. This hints to these men to be the perfect place for a trade outpost as well as a city in the future.. The Colony of Buenos Aires expands by (15 px) up the coast and establishes a captaincy farther south with a small colonial town of barely 80-100 people (5 px). The Castilian populace reaches about ten million and growing. The Spanish army of Castile and Aragon continues to push deep into Mayan territory taking their capital and working its way to other Mayan cities. The Castilian monarchy sends an envoy to preside over the war and any treaties in Germany. The Kingdom itself begins to expand its armed forces to nearly 80,000 and sends more military ships to Monaco to protect it from any aggression. The Castilian forces begin training exercizes. The Navy also begins to make serious advances in technology and armed attack formations along with its pushes out into the wide seas. The Colony of Buenos Aires reaches a population of about 8000 and growing with the first families and women showing up. Castilian exploration ships begin exploring south to check out farther down the coast and look for the southern edge of the continent.
 * Kingdom of Aragon:  With Castilian assistance various infrastructural areas are rebuilt and the military is expanded to a token force of 10,000. Along with this support the Aragonian economy recovers slowly with a slow but controlled influx of Castilian economic aid helping Aragon recover. The ruling magistrate over Aragon signs a landmark trade deal with Castile which allows for Aragon's usage of Castile's large amounts of trade posts down the coast of Africa. The Aragonians now in control of the Spanish South African trading company fund the creation of the expansion of the Trade outpost into a formal colony to be settled much like Morocco and Granada were by Castile. The Colony of Cape Ferdinand expands ten px up the coast and expands the captaincy down the coast now covering the mouth of the Orange River on the coast (5 px). It's mostly populated by Castilians who are the main people moving to the colonies. Aragon's population continues to be culturally integrated with the next generation speaking primarily Spanish with Catalan being phased out by the newer generation. Aragonian troops continue to fight with Castile in the Mayan homeland making massive progress.
 * Kingdom of Cyprus:  Cyprus gaining large funds from being a Castilian trade hub, begins building a few ships domestically, and purchases ships from Castile, or her allies shipwrights forming a respectable Cypriot navy of almost 90 ships with expected expansion to come. This expansion has been achieved specifically thanks to huge amounts of outsourcing to private shipwrights. Cyprus begins to see an exodus of the Knights Hospitaller west to Castile and her territories and King Matthias begins a larger recruitment for the military managing to raise a force of nearly 10,000. This force is largely funded through the large trade Cyprus has gathered. The troops are styled after Castile's royal army and Cyprus embarks on an intense training program in order to bring them up to standards. The Knights, with many departing, also have many older and other knights stay due to their close ties with Cyprus. They remain to run the Knights Hospitaller in Cyprus for the foreseeable future while a large number have migrated across the sea. The Kingdom of Cyprus due to the recent issues in Castile reluctantly recognizes Carlos and his Regency for Prince Ferdinand. Cyprus itself with its fleet of nearly 100 ships begins to take after the Venetian example with trade and begins to put Cypriot merchant ships into state possession for trade in order to help with the kingdom's finances and heavy trade. This show immediate results as a relative increase in funding and attention to trade between Castile and her allies begins to improve the quality of trade. The Assassins Guild sets up in Cyprus looking to prevent issues in the kingdom with corruption and serving as their base into Muslim countries. The King of Cyprus on his deathbed declares that a vote by the nobles on whether to join Castile will be held and a public forum will be held on what the people think of this.
 * Kingdom of Morocco:  The country begins the construction of various canals and cultivates trees farther inland to help increase arable farmland. The Moroccan economy continue to expand with greater trade coming from Castile and the Canaries all the way down to Capo Verde increasing the relative wealth. The Kingdom with many canals having been completed has vastly expanded its farmland among other things. Morocco's total population reaches one million with Christianity becoming dominant in the area. Calne-Vicuna is finished and is opened as an center for Christianity in North Africa with a library said to rival old Alexandria's. The Moroccan Assassins Guild forms and spreads keeping the peace and killing the corrupt as well as making Morocco much more peaceful for Castilian Rule. The Kingdom of Morocco officially enters into a personal union with Castile following the magistrates and princes deeming it unneccesary for the King to not have full control in the country. The Magistrates, however, are fully re-instated to continue as they were just under direction of the King of Castile.
 * Kongo:  The Kingdom begins to work toward a trade and production economy focusing on helping provide resources for Castile's burgeoning West African trade network. The King of the Kongo converting to Christianity and being baptised begins to call for the expansion of ports to the best of the Kongolese architects' abilities. With the King also adopts the name John, in favor of the king who began these exploratory operations down the coast of Africa. The King also organized a band of Christian soldiers who help keep the peace who also begin to help with conversions to Christianity as a series of missionaries and high level priests from the Western Church have come on a ship hearing of many pagans and heretics to convert. The King makes multiple successful campaigns against various of the petty kings in Kongo killing two of them and leaving the third on the run. The Christianization of multiple areas is completed and multiple others are begun. The Kingdom of the Kongo in an attempt to increase economic output and trade begins to export a moderate amount of raw materials to Castile and begins to push toward heavy exploitation methods if possible.
 * Mapuche: With the defeat by the Spanish a royal governor is appointed by the Castilians. The governor immediately goes to work to prevent his workforce from being killed by disease and to prevent revolts and by immediately marching groups of about 1000 people to the colonial capital. These people are immediately transferred onto available ships and throughout the year are sent up the coast via Spanish ships to a location unknown to the Mapuche. The royal governor also makes it imperative for the territory to extend to the coast expanding 1500 sq km to the south east. The Mapuche also continue to see major issues from European contact are given orders to isolate themselves if they are sick to prevent further expansion of the disease. The governor also manages to gain a force of about 200 as a garrison.  The Mapuche people begin to see the first mixed children between Spanish and Mapuche people. The Spanish institute the Ecomienda system. However, the Spanish governor, in order to keep control of the people, orders the Spanish heads of the system to treat the natives fairly in order to prevent mass deaths from overworking and resentment. Spanish farming techniques have definitively prevented starvation as the Mapuche continue to expand towards the coast building a road to connect it all. The Spanish governor, also using the local mapuche as scouts, is able to expand much more than the Buenos Aires colony and uses this to his advantage to secure more land to be able to turn over to Spanish settlers.
 * Maya: With the outright collapse of the Mayan government complete the Spanish institute a royal governor who assumes command of the troops. The Mayan armed forces have been all but wiped out and the Spanish along with their native auxiliaries begin the absolute wipe out of their armed forces and securing of multiple cities and settlements. Many of the villages are left completly ransacked. However, an insightful priest says that destroying the cities will result in long term resentment that could never be repaired and instead they should be made Spanish-Maya hybrid. The new Royal Governor seeing wisdom in this declares that the cities will not be ransacked and a moderate tribute of gold and silver is demanded by the Spanish. The 2000 troops remain in the country and begin to establish areas along the coast suitable for Spanish settlement. The military and economy of the Maya under Spain is developed and roads are upgraded to Spanish standards. An expected expansion program is to be undertaken in the next few years.
 * Milan: Work continues on the Certosa di Pavia, the Castle Visconteo, and on the extensive Milan Cathedral. We continue training a proper standing army, utilizing Swiss mercenaries and local recruits. With border disputes now settled between the nations of Austria and Switzerland, we continue opening friendly relations with both nations in hopes of repairing our diplomatic relations and protecting our northern border. We continue constructing cogs and galleys to strengthen our navy and protect our interests on the seas. Our turn is dedicated to military in both our nation and our vassals.
 * Novgorod: We continue the production of ships, cannons, muskets, advanced crossbows, swords, and composite bows, increasing our military capabilities in case of war. The nation’s training and advancement of military continues. The recent classes of Koch ships are being manufactured in Novgorod. The town of St Patriksburg’s population grows a bit more that last year. As the construction of the town improves, the Kremlin finishes, trade becoming more in demand, the town gains slightly. Because of the trade road built with Tver our economy increases. After seeing a great success with the private schools in the cities of Novgorod, St Patriksburg, Staraya Russa, and Nizhny Novgorod. We start building another private school in Rostov and Yaroslavl. We complete building private schools in Torzhok and a private school in Staraya Ladoga. We dedicate this turn to military. As fur traders and hunters begin to move into Karelia, the border is expanded 3000 sq mi directly to the north. We are pleased that peaceful terms have been met between us and Scandinavia, and we hope to improve relations in the future.
 * Tver: We complete the construction of the private school in Tver and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Yaroslavl, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Yaroslavl: We complete the construction of the private school in Yaroslavl and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Rostov: We completed the construction of the private school in Rostov and start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Yaroslavl, Muscovy. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Karelia: We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Madagasikara continues to prepare for any potential future military endeavors, notably with regards to al-Swahili, where relations have turned extremely sour. King Esteban attempts to ease conflicts, which are causing intense problems for the Christian minority, who actually comprise about 40% of the nation's population. With the embargo in place, Esteban now authorizes letters of marquee to allow pirateering against al-Swahili and Malindi ships. Meanwhile, trade with Alexandria, Ayutthaya, and especially Spain develops the Madagasikaran economy. Trade and production of valuable spices continue at the same time that the nation continues to experience massive cultural, scientific, religious, economic, and linguistic changes. The Andrés and the Tiavina continue to be used in practice drills in which they lead the Madagasikaran navy. Work on creating more advanced ports in cities other than Mahajanga begins, and plans for two more caravels are made. Esteban the Pious continues to fund missionary activities throughout the Diocese, regardless of earthly domain. This gains him much favor among the people of the University and the religious clergy, but irritates merchants who blame the missionaries for the embargo with al-Swahili. Firearms manufacturing in Antsiranana continues to increase. In Betsileo, plans for the impending integration of Christmas 1504 continue to be developed. In order to promote the successes of this movement, more and more Christian missionaries reach the backwater areas and educate the populace in Latinized Malagasy as well as Christian cultural elements which have developed in Madagasikara. Military turn.
 * Sofala, Mtwara, Mozambika, and Pembara all continue to merge culturally with Madagasikaran culture due to the popular and proven process of sending the firstborn son to Mahajanga or any other insular city of Madagasikara. Infrastructure in these frontier regions is improved, as roads and small forts and garrisons along the frontier are built over time. This encourages settlement, and two states expand; Sofala heads north as Mozambika heads south. Plans to combine Mtwara and Pembara are approaching fruition.
 * Vorlayacor:  More Mapuche and other Americans arrive these year. The food supply is growing more stable, but increasing numbers of people are being ravaged by both European and tropical diseases.  The Grand Council initiates a quarantine program in an attempt to mitigate the effects of the sickness.  Nov Xoryan grows in size and stature, with members of the coastal tribes launching their first fishing boats and trawlers this year. Jarvan and Darius contract some Mapuche teachers to fabricate the gunpowder that seems essential to Spanish firearms; this project will take a while.
 * Trier: We dedicate this turn to military, as do our vassals. The states around us are influenced, including Berg. Trade routes are established, opening trade among Hesse, Cologne, and Austria and her vassals. To improve infrastructure we begin building several defenses, and roads to link towns across the nation. Fortifications around our capital are improved and updated. The University of Trier is expanded. We begin to recover our economy from the recent war. We combat the French invasion.
 * Austria: This turn in both our nation and in all our vassals is dedicated to military. We train and expand our military using new experience from recent wars, and grow our nation economically. In Morocco our position in Melilla is fortified. All fortifications around the region are rebuilt and manned by stationed guards in case of an attack. To protect Melilla the construction of a fortress outside the city is considered, although postponed for now. The port of Melilla is rebuilt to begin operation as a trade port and military outpost. Construction continues on a shipyard in the Melilla port to facilitate the construction and repair of friendly ships. Melilla is granted a permanent naval garrison in the city’s port to respond to dangers in the area, and to support the small garrison on land which mans the fortifications. Our position in Morocco is fortified by re-inforcements, bringing Melilla operational against attacks. For now, a small fleet is stationed in its harbor, while its garrison continues to hold the north and its supply lines, supporting our Christian brethren. With much of the Muslim population of Melilla left dead after the war against Morocco, the local government attempts to entice settlers by offering large quantities of land to Christian settlers. Many Europeans, particularly of German descent and/or from central Europe begin settling the area around Melilla. With finances from Augsburg-based banking establishments, the Trieste Company continues to launch expeditions to West Africa. Abrechtburg has grown to a decently sized settlement, supporting a population of farmers, traders and a small garrison of soldiers. The town also houses a well furbished fort, armed with a small amount of cannons intended to defend the settlement and the harbor from any attack. Built out of necessity, the port at Abrechtburg is refurbished and expanded to support more trade ships, and allied countries are welcomed to trade and stay in the town. The second largest settlement in Westenland, Dominusburg, follows suit, finishing the construction of a port similar to Abrechtburg ‘s. Trade posts continue to be built and exploited, now numbering several dozen along the coast of Westenland and into allied territory. Our reliance on the Wolof becomes less so, but we sign a trade agreement with their nation to continue our positive relationship. Deals are made with the Wolof for slaves and other goods. Conversion of the natives begin around the settlement. Several bimereiches and caravels begin construction in Trieste, Melilla, Corfu, and other ports,  to further facilitate and protect overseas trade. Trade is increased with the Grand Duchy of Bavaria and other trade partners, bringing about new avenues of trade and commerce.
 * Hamburg Dip: diplomats continue to ask the emperor for Austrian intervention against the Albionic aggression.
 * Roman Empire: At the conclusion of the war, most of Venice has fallen save for some holdouts in Epirus and Naxos. The final battle comes between the Romans and the Venetians in Naxos, one of the last Venetian strongholds. As the larger Venetian fleet waits to ambush the Romans, the Roman fleet deploys its troops on Naxos and takes the island quickly. Local Greeks warn the Romans of the Venetian fleet's location, and using this information the Roman fleet is able to flank the Venetians and crush them in a pincer movement. The battle of Naxos ends the war conclusively in the Aegean and Greece. The nation and the Emperor celebrate the victory gained over the Venetians and the ensured unification of Greece. While there is some political independence enjoyed by the remaining Venetian legacies of Epirus and Naxos, the Empire is confident that such independence shall not last long. The economy of the Empire suffers substantially from the closing of the canal, the war three-year long war with Venice, and the bailing out of Elsa's realm of Scandinavia. To help compensate for this loss, trade networks are expanded, especially amongst former Venetian lands, where they have been falling to waste in recent years. Venetian wine, considered a delicacy, is shipped out across Europe. Olive oil and marble are also shipped from the newly recaptured islands to help repair the damaged economy. The fall of the canal forces Roman trade to the west, although the capture of Kaffa will also support the Roman economy. The Venetian territories are integrated into the Empire in a despotate-like fashion as would be expected. In Venice proper, a 500 man force is sent to help the occupation of the city. At first enraged by their victory over their foe, they become rowdy and try to sack the city before their commander orders them to stand down after being convinced not to by the Austrian commander. Research into new boat designs continues, and work progresses faster now that Venetian designs are in Roman hands. As they occupy the lands of the Venetians, the Romans are appalled by the horrible treatment of slaves and the drowning of convicts and those of religious difference. Denouncing the Venetians as barbarians, enough nobles complain to the Emperor about these unsettling practices. Thomas I eventually officially outlaws slavery in the Empire, although the practice survives in the Empire's vassals and in some remote areas like Phoenicia. The practice of drowning is also outlawed, and criminals will be executed by hanging, as is traditional.
 * Albania: Albania celebrates the victory against Venice, and after consulting the Roman Empire, Albanian Venice is integrated to the kingdom. With this comes a coastline, and the Albanians construct a small fleet of five galleys to protect this small coast from pirates or attack.
 * Epirus: The nation is devastated from the defeat of the Venetians and the attack of the Romans. Most Italians and Venetians flee the region as the native Greeks celebrate. Epirus begins the long process of rebuilding its fortifications and preparing to unify with the Empire once more.
 * Naxos: The nation is also hurt by the war, but not as much as some other lands have been. Despite this, the prime concern of the Duke is securing his rule over his islands, although the hostility of the Romans towards legacies of the Latin Roman Empire and his lack of foreign support makes this an almost impossible task. While he waits, he supports his new masters, hoping to buy enough time while he tries to gain enough influence to survive.
 * Ragusa: The republic, while at first distasteful of the new Roman overlords, eventually celebrates the defeat of the wretched Venetians, their rivals and oppressors. Trade expands to replace that of Venice, and much of this trade involves Roman goods from the east. A small military is drafted to help the Romans protect the republic.
 * Zapoteca: A large part of the population is now sick, and death is common. However, the number of immune people in the population is growing. The Spanish aid is greatly appreciated. The Emperor continues financing Spanish settlers to come to the kingdom and marry into the population. Trade increases and continues with the Spanish. Tlaco II expands roadways connecting cities in the alliance to help merchants and soldiers move more freely between them. The military, which had been outdated for many years, continues to be upgraded. The economy booms with trade as a result of the roads. In the coastal regions under Danibaan's influence, more boats are created. Tlaco II orders more to be manufactured to bring in goods from the sea. Pressure continues to be asserted on Itzapam to join the Zapotec-Spanish sphere.

1503
'''In polite European society the use of the pocket handkerchief begins to come into common use. '''

'''Spanish traders traveling to India, acting independent of the government authority, sack the city-state of Kilwa in East Africa, killing the king for failing to pay them a sum of money. '''

'''In Ming Dynasty China, a tax in silver is established to pay for the costs of the courier system, replacing the imposed labor previously used to pay for the system. '''


 * Portugal: Continues a notable buildup in military strength and allows for a vigorous training program on the existing military forces attempting to train them up heavily. Meanwhile, the administration continues to be reformed, and agriculture and commerce are encouraged. Meanwhile, Portugal continues to develop its navy. Meanwhile, Portuguese traders continue visiting the Castilian settlements in the Canaries. Meanwhile, wheat continues to be cultivated in Leiname. By this time, the colony in Leiname starts to export wheat to Portugal. Meanwhile, some Portuguese explorers continue to explore the African coast. The Açores continue to be settled. Meanwhile, the new ships that been developed, called naus, and that are similar to the Castilian carracks, begin to be used. Naval explorations directed to the west continue, after news that new lands may have been found there. Meanwhile, Sophia of Austria gives birth to a girl, who is named Catarina. Meanwhile, Santa Cruz expands north by 1000 sq km. Meanwhile, pau-brasil (brazilwood) starts to be extracted in the colony.
 * In Ayutthaya, economic surplus continues. With his arrival, he announces the building of a new palace to commerorate the conquests. The Road of God, almost complete, runs through almost all of Ayutthaya's conquests. As per our treaty, the Dutch are granted the city of Jakarta, as well as the environs, but no more. The religion of Zoroastrianism, introduced in Malacca by a few Persian traders, now begins to spread through the rest of the nation, with many thousands of followers. The co-religious summit at Ayutthaya continues, with the message of peace and prosperity- under Ayutthaya, of course- being spread through the nation. All vassals - the Majapahit, Aru and Siak - expand their militaries. With the collapse of the Philidelphi, seen as an act either of God or of *ahem* ALIEN SPACE BATS *cough cough*, interest begins to rise in taking a route around the Cape of Good Hope to trade, though we aren't that desperate yet. With new roads and walls being built throughout the nation, and infrastructure improving no end, the populace is extremely happy. The "treasure ship" is improved upon, slightly lengthened, and three more are built. Ayutthaya remains one of the richest nations on the planet as its population - vassals included - tops 23 million. The result of the conquests and trade is a giant food surplus of almost 10,000 acres. This is used to invest heavily further in the Dai Viet economy. We continue to invest and bolster the economies of neighboring nations. The King, to better seal his relations with his underkings, marries the daughter of the conquered king of Tulang Bawang. Mining operations begin in the Northern region, where deposits of many metals are found. The North, meanwhile, has already recovered from the Rape of the North, in which some one in hundred Northerners were killed by the King's men to punish- and wipe out- the Purists, a job duly done; nary a Purist lives from border to border in Ayutthaya, now one of the richest seabased navies on Earth. Finally, we request the ability to set up a trade post near Marrikuwuyangan territory. At the same time, an Ayutthayan trading post is established in OTL Singkawang (In the Western, tribal, edge of Borneo.) The Golden Army is outfitted with a new, stronger sword, made out of a special steel used by the Japanese, and gained via trade with the Fusahito Theocracy. The result is expontentially stronger swords, far better than most others through the world, except in Arabia and Japan. We take advantage of the silver tax in China to ship silver in bulk south and then store it in Ayutthaya, circumventing the silver tax; as a result, Ayutthaya's banking industry quadruples, with a net worth in the tens thousands of tonnes of gold and silver, or more. We trade further with Oman and the Mughals, and request a proper trade treaty with the latter (Over here, Sky).
 * Marrikuwuyanga Diplomacy: After a long discussion with the Elders, it is agreed upon allowing Ayutthaya to be granted a small strip of territory on the Tiwi islands. This territory would be enough for the Ayutthaya to construct a trading post. In return, the Emperor wants the Ayutthaya to provide Marrikuwuyanga with the latest weaponry and the know how to develop them.
 * The Mughali Emperor, after a short discussion with his council, decides to discuss the proper terms of the treaty with the nation of Ayutthaya (either lay them down here or make a proper treaty page)
 * Fusahito Dip: The Emperor asks for an alliance with the Ayutthaya nation, as the two developed nations in the region other than China. Due to the Ayutthaya interest in Japanese weaponry, the Emperor sends a number of swordsmiths to train the King's men to forge stronger steel.
 * Ayutthaya Diplomacy:
 * ​@Marrikuwuyanga: I'll send you another 1000 soldiers. I literally own your economy; be happy.
 * @Mughal: Free trade between our nations, not much more for the time being- I'm just working up to the IOTU- see my talkpage if you don't know what I mean.
 * @Fusahito: We gladly agree, and thank your Emperor.
 * The Kingdoms of Great Albion (Scotland and England) - member nation of the UKGA: Many ships are modernized and replaced to keep the Royal Albion Navy a powerful forces on the high seas. Port Edmundburg continues to experience a growth in population. Albionic settlers continue to explore the surrounding areas. The dialect of English originally found in Scotland and the Eire grows so large that it covers most of the North of England. This new dialect is called Bythigish (portmanteau of Brython and English). English nobles begin to enjoy the Celtic myths of Eire and Scotland. The Templar Order continues to undercut the King's enemies and seeks ways to privately grow the power of the King and Albion as a whole. The Order buys up many smaller businesses and collectivizes some farms. The Order begins to expand into other areas of Europe, seeking to grow understanding as well as pushing Albionic ideals. Albion continues to explore  farther west and south Economic aid is sent to our Scandinavian allies, though limited due to pressing domestic issues. A Clockmaker from Cambridge becomes popular for his accurate timepieces and the exquiste wood housing. He creates a chime for the St Mary's Cathedral, the chimes are called the Cambridge Chimes (OTL Westminster Quarters aka Big Ben's chime). The Chimes become so popular, other clockmakers incorporate the chimes into their clocks. The war continues. Meanwhile, Albion reaffirms its commitment to all allies . Albion strongly asks Austria to remember the alliance and to maintain neutrality in this conflict. Albion is willing afterword to sign any agreement to prevent Albionic intervention in the HRE if it helps ease the Austrian concerns.
 * Calais: Military and navy are expanded.
 * Dublin: Dublin undergoes another remodel and expansion to the ports due to the massive influx of trade from Castile and Venice as well as an increased Eire trade.
 * Scotland: Expands navy and military. Pan Albion sentiments grow, Trade increases. Whiskey is traded down to central Albion.
 * Wales: Wales expands its military and navy. Cardiff becomes a large centre of trade for Wales. The Welsh appoint Adam Cyrdger as Royal Minister. The first sessions of parliament are held. Wales does not see as large a population boom as Albion or Scotland, but a minor one, centered around Cardiff and Swansea, does occur.
 *  Port Edmundburg expands by 1000 sq km. The African colonists begin looking toward mining and other ventures to generate profit.
 * New Cambridgeshire: New Cambridgeshire expands by 1000 sq km. Colonists begin to explore around the region and begin to have a large fishing boom. The Port of New Rotham is expanded to handle excess ships from Albion and other European nations. The people of New Rotham also begin an attempt to gain knowledge of farming in Borealia from Native Peoples.
 * |onte continues to have a large surplus of grain. Though adopting "western farming", the idea of "the tribe" is still very much so alive, as people always share the crops they have grown, or the animals they have hunted amongst the community. Mon's children advocate the planting of trees in small groves. Throughout the year, Mon's children go elephant hunting, though it is very dangerous, as they are hunting them with arquebuses, and the whole process requires much co-ordination. However, the results are said to be spectacular, as the tribe gains new wealth in the collected ivory, and the elephant meat is considered a rarity. The season resulted in six elephants being killed. Much of the younger generation knows how to hunt, and begin to help their parents, increasing the prosperity of the tribe. Not only do they know how to hunt, but in accordance with tribal tradition, each one of them may become a warrior if the need be, trained both in the arquebus and the bow, though the arquebus is gaining much ground against the arrow. |onte is becoming very rich with money made from elephant hunting, as they have nothing to spend the money on. Ma-n!o travels back to Conte, and offers merchants from the Netherlands a slightly larger than average sum, in addition to slaves, to line his three ships with cannons. Mon II, intrigued by the concept of Chinese Culture, Buddhism and writing, stays behind in a Buddhist monestary, learning to read, write and speak Chinese, and the tenets of Buddhism. While there, he learns of Confucianism, by talking to the people on the street. Debarubo, who studied both the army, and the arts, takes young tribesmen north and expands 250 sq km (5 pixels) along the coast, doing the tribes traditional policy of taking the women, and killing the men. Debarubo plays with the concept of claiming his family as the "Rikisis" of |onte.
 * Hyrcanian Kingdom: It has been 47 years since the great Bavand Bavandid took Hyrcania and fought back the Safavids and made the lands south and southwest of the Caspian Sea his. Bavand and his son have both ruled and died as Kings of Hyrcania and now his grandson Farbod Bavandid rules. King Farbod is still young at the age of 20, but he is ambitious and has great dreams for his nation. Zoroastrianism has grown larger in the last two decades in and around the area of Hyrcania, and Farbod grows interested in the faith. King Farbod implements policies allowing Zoroastrians and people of other religions and cultures to join in many government offices. The King also implements policies dealing with agriculture, as Mazandaran is a fertile land, and he hopes to increase the efficiency of agriculture in the nation. A trade pact is sent to the Safavid Empire and a trade pact and alliance are sent across the Caspian Sea to the Tartar Empire.
 * ​Tatar Diplomacy: Alexander Khan, intrigued and interested by the Zoroastrians, a faith which interested him since his childhood, heartily accepts.
 * Marrikuwuyanga Empire: The tribes had returned to the lands they had been previously forced to abandon and quickly settled. Due to the large ships provided by the Ayutthaya, the people were able to easily travel to the Tiwi Islands and return in time. This increased Emperor Yada Gulpilil's popularity who was now worshipped and referred to as the Almighty. The Emperor considered himself God, disregarding the fact that it was the Ayutthaya that had provided him with the medicine, ships and food. The Emperor called upon the tribes neighboring Marrikuwuyanga to give up their false gods and worship Emperor Yada. The Marrikuwuyanga had declared that any tribe that peacefully united with the Marrikuwuyanga would be allowed to keep their land, women, gold, etc, but anyone who resisted would be punished severely. When a forest fire resulted in the deaths of 11 men from the Dangbon tribe, Emperor Yada declared that it was proof of his wrath and divinity. The Emperor Yada Gulpilil agreed to allow Ayutthaya to preach Hinduism and Buddhism as long as they mentioned the Emperor was God himself and the Ayutthaya made sure that the new converts did not attempt to replicate the Emperor's divinity. In return, the Ayutthaya had sent 1000 regulars for Marrikuwuyangan army. Meanwhile, Marrikuwuyanga's influence continued to increase within the neighbouring tribes and the military was strengthened as the military gained access to the muskets via Ayutthaya. Trade boosted Marrikuwuyanga's economy. The crop yield increased annually and so did the population. The Marrikuwuyanga had already discovered the route to the island of Timor and now Marrikuwuyanga merchants monthly visited the island, trading materials they had acquired from the Ayutthaya as well as spreading information regarding Enperor Yada Gulpilil and finally invaded them under the support of the Marrikuwuyanga military. The government is toppled by the end of the year and the Marrikuwuyanga secure the island for themselves. The reason for the aggression is unknown although the people consider almost every action by the Emperor as 'Good'.
 * Yalngu: The people of Yalngu worshipped Emperor Yada Gulpilil as their God. Many of their men joined the Marrikuwuyanga's military and extensive work on the development of Yalngu's infrastructure continued. The Marrikuwuyanga slowly and gradually start to annex Yalngu
 * Jawoyn: Having accepted the union, Marrikuwuyanga's soldiers soon had stormed into Jawoyn territory. Emperor Yada Gulpilil was declared a God and the people of Jawoyn worshipped him. They were introduced to the Ayutthaya, ships, medicines and modern weaponry and had their economy developed through trade and military through training. The Marrikuwuyanga slowly and gradually start to annex Jawoyn
 * Grand Duchy of Bavaria: Franz-Albert completes petitioning the lords of Thuringia for manpower and tribute (Turn Six out of Six). Franz-Albert continues petitioning the lords of Saxony for tribute as well (Turn Five out of Six). Bavaria expands its military. The population continues to rise. Grand Duke Franz-Albert and his council continue to allow the training of new troops. Several markets are constructed in Landshut as well as trade houses for Austrian and Castilian traders. In Austria, several new ships begin being constructed, with twenty-five very large cogs being finished, and by 1503 a trade route is put in place. Such important places in the trade route include Rome, Athens, Constantinople, Gibraltar, and the coasts of Brittany, due to a longstanding trade deal. Continuing in 1503, Franz-Albert commissions six cogs to sail around western Mediterranean coasts. The market center in Landshut continues to attract Bavarian and Venetian traders. In religious news, around 76% of the country adheres to the Western Church. Most adherents live around Munchen and Landshut. In other news, Bavaria continues implementing the Alliance and Merchant Act as well as the Militia and Navy Act. As new Grand Duke, Franz-Albert continues hosting a largely Venetian court. However, many Bavarian families have intermingled with the Venetians, creating a distinct social class and identity. In national news, the common courts continue to be implemented around Bavaria as several of the lower class make use it of. The serf laws begin to be used as well. Skeptics who theorized that the serf laws would mark no profound change in society begin to be proven wrong. In 1503, as many as one hundred and twenty serfs sue for their freedom. The wild unpopularity of these laws begin to wear off as well. Franz-Albert further incorporates the Collegiate Writs, allowing many more lower class men to enter college. In legal news, Franz-Alber continues implementing the Bavarian Commands. His five year old, second son, Charles, and four year old daughter, Margaret, are named as Prince and Princess of the realm. Franz-Albert sends letters around Europe, pertaining to a royal marriage for both Charles (6) and Margaret (5). In diplomatic news, Franz-Albert continues to be wary of the recent war against Trier and Hamburg. In personal news, Grand Duchess Beatrice, now 33 years old, gives birth to a daughter, whom she names Mary.
 * Munchen: By 1503, the total class of Queen Isabell University amounts to about 4610 men. Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The Collegiate Writs begin to draw more men to college.
 * Straubing: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Ingolstadt: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burgau: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Nurnburg: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burggrafschaft: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Bamberg: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Wurzburg: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. A religious change begins occurring in Wurzburg upon the ascension of Franz-Albert, where many more Western Christians begin inhabiting the bishopric. At first, the clergy is unmoved. However, as the year progresses they begin to feel threatened.
 * Tragedy hits the Tartary as, in January, Theodore's illness complicates. He passes away on Christmas Day (New Calendar January Seven), and a funeral is arranged. Several European leaders are invited to the funeral and the adjacent, including Queen Elsa and Emperor Thomas, King Sigismund IV of Hungary, Prince Stephen of Romania, Dmitri the Impaler of Muscovy, the King of the Caucasian Confederation. Once this is already done, however, business continues mostly as usual. The economy hits an upturn, with the best agricultural output since the Time of Troubles. The Mastorava continues to spread, with groves and temples popping up in most towns, and influencing the Khanate of Bukhara (10 turns left). The population also grows quite quickly. Although in official mourning still, Alexander easily takes over the reigns of command, commanding settlement of the wild East, where the border grows by 5500 sq km, and founding several new cities, including one, Fëdor-Šәhәr (or, in Mordvin, Ine-Fëdor’-oš, or, in Russian, Sankt-Fyodor-gorod), to the south, in the mouth of the Don River. This city grows quite quickly, as several forts, harbours and administrative buildings begin being built. However, urban growth is not limited to the founding of new cities. Old cities, such as the Sarays, Bolghar and Qazan continue growing at very fast rates, whilst new cities, like Atemar-osh to the east of Obran-Osh, also begin to grow and bloom. Throughout the nation, after the end of the period of mourning, prosperity and wealth grows. Scandinavia continues to be aided.
 * The Hungarian King Sigismund IV arrives with his wife to attend the funeral of Theodore.
 * In Azov, Özu-Cale continues construction and expansion. A fort is built in the right bank of the mouth of the Dnieper. Architects from Rome are asked to come to the fort, in order to make the fort as strong as possible. The expedition reaches its first stop at Varna, establishing trade relations outside those of the ETC with Romania. Kalmius also grows. Ukrainians begin to be marginalised in all but a few regions, with Tatars, Volga Finns and Crimean Goths now making a substantial part of the Azovite population. Donet'sk remains mostly Ukrainian, but most of the cities in the south and large parts of the countryside are no longer majority-Slavic. The population, however, grows quickly, as does the economy.
 * In Adyghea, trade continues to be strengthened. The Bible is first translated to Adyghe and (North) Ossetic in this year, but it makes little inroads in the nation. Instead, the Mastorava reigns supreme. However, the Christian rulership continues strengthening trade power, with importance in the deal of the rouble, introduced into Rome and Georgia.
 * In Perm, the population grows. The economy and military also do, being developed heavily. The Permic government continues offering Karelians and Komi the opportunity to move to their nation, hoping for a large population boost. The Mastorava also develops in strength amongst those who do immigrate, much like what happened with the Meschschera and the Mordvins when Obran-Osh was annexed.
 * Kazakhstan continues its centralisation, with all but small and mostly irrelevant duchies now having been eradicated. The strong central state is ruled by a Governor-General located in Astana, ruling in name of Alexander Khan, as he is known in the region.
 * Hamburg-Mecklenburg: with the larger Ablionic, and traitorous Hessian army continues making advances into Hamburgs territory. Duke Friedrich, meanwhile, is glad to know his wife and son made it to Oldenburg, and is even more so when he learns his second son is born, and now both lines of succession are secured. He orders the main armies to fall back to the main cities, with the city of Hamburg taking priority. Hamburg continues calling on allies, and the Holy Roman Emperor, to intervene against the Albionic aggressors.
 * County of Oldenburg: Aid in the form of money and weapons continue to be sent to Hamburg. The military is expanded again, just in case. Both of Duchess Adelheid's sons continue to grow up into strong little toddlers. In other news, the Government and the OHG begins planning and preparing for a second expedition to Neu Norderney (otl Northern Labrador) next year. Half of the whaling fleet will follow the expedition's ships in order to test out the virgin whaling grounds. The expedition's ships will then explore further. The expedition leader will be the same man who led the last expedition.
 * Prince-Bishopric of Osnabruck: Bishop Rudolf very happily accepts the Bishop of Scotland's request, and he is invited to visit Osnabruck for as long as he wishes. The city is tarted up especially for him (infrastructure turn).
 * Natigosteg L'nu: Continue to modernize using copied European technology. Five more experimental ships are completed, although they are significantly smaller than carracks or naus, being more like xebecs. Yaldan returns to his colony in Ungava with three ships and 40 more men and women. He helps them expand their fort and build a few farms, expanding the colony by 10 px. Gespeg unveils a text he has written over the past year, detailing a new religion. The combination of Christian and shamanic elements makes it attractive to the population, may of whom convert. Labrador expands by 5000 km northeast along the coast. The military, now largely outfitted with metal and even with some reindeer cavalry, raids the Innu, demonstrating their new power. We also send 500 warriors to help Albion against Hamburg. Peaceful influence on the Goose Bay Montagnais continues (Turn Two of Three). An ultimatum is sent to the Naskapi, threatening them with military destruction in two years if they do not submit to the L'nu. (Mod Response Needed).
 * France: Military, navy and economy are built up. The war in Tunisia is finally over, with the death of nearly 500,000 Muslims in the entire country leaving the population at 500,000 Muslims. After much consideration and thought France declares war on Trier In order to expand the sphere of influence in germany (recognizing the strength of Austria and the rather favorable view it has been taken towards them by the Spanish and the alliance with Bavaria) 200,000 soldiers from northern France and a few of them being experienced warriors from the Tunisian war, among these are the Purgers Special soldiers trained for fast and direct assassinations during the Tunisian wars, the troops soon enter through the border with Trier and begin causing chaos in the villages. While this, Austria and Bavaria are expected to stand by their alliance and their NAP in order to avoid an escalation of the war into a full scale war with the HRE. The colony continues expanding with a small population of 2500 among both of the settlements and growing by 250 sq km. While this, explorers begin scouting the region reaching OTL Gulf of Uraba. Vassalization of the auriennes (Turn Three of Seven/Eight) continues.
 * Burgundy: Military and navy are built up. following France declaration the Burgundians follow and invade the war leading several armies to cross the border with Trier.
 * Bourbon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Lorraine: Military and economy are built up. following France's declaration, Lorraine follows and invade the war leading several armies to cross the border with Trier.
 * Verdun: Military and economy are built up.
 * Saluzzo: Military and economy are built up.
 * Sardinia: Military and economy are built up. The population reaches 300 thousand once again. most of them Sardinians (41%) followed by the French (38%) and the Carthaginians (French Tunisians) (18%) and the remaining 3% of other groups.
 * Basel: Military and economy are built up.
 * Aargau: Military and economy are built up. The French presence begins to be felt. However, the attempts to establish a pro-Germanic government in order to avoid eventual uprisings, internal vassalization begins as well to fully convince German leadership.
 * Andorra: Military and economy are built up.
 * Africa: Military and economy are built up.
 * Scandinavian Empire: Scandinavia expands its economy, attempting to recover from the war. The aid sent from other nations is very much appreciated as it has saved Scandinavia from total economic collapse. Scandinavia, however, realises that they simply do not have the funds to declare an offensive war. The Scandinavian Second Fleet, however, continues to serve Albion in their quest to defeat Hamburg and her vassals. The coast of Labrador is explored by Scandinavia. The landmass is officially dubbed 'Vinland'. Scandinavia considers settling Vinland, but also believes that the land to the south is even more promising.
 * Finland: The economy is expanded.
 * Iceland: The economy is expanded.
 * Scheswig: The economy is expanded.
 * Oyo Empire: After hearing of the Spanish atrocity in Kilwa, Oyo offers to rebuild the city for the survivors, as well as place them under their protecction from the port of Zanzibar where Oyo merchants are located and can provide relief support. Four ships and 270 soldiers are sent by Oyo to Kilwa, to guard it against further enemy reprisals and protect the people. Oyo's leader Olorun sends a strongly word letter to the king of Spain, condemning the barbaric act, and demanding they apologize to the victims. Elsewhere, Oyo continues to produce ships of the eranko class, and continues the development of the navy into a major military force. Oyo also seeks a port treaty with Venad, seeking access to the port of Kochi (mods needed). Trade with Europe increases, with Oyo bringing goods from the east back to Oyo for processing, and later being sent off to Europe for sell. Exotic fruits, weapons, and slaves are trade with the Europeans, and Oyo continues to search the world for additional markets to buy from. The military, economy, and infrastructure are expanded.
 * Mod Response: Venad accepts the proposal to use the port of Kochi.
 * Safavid Empire: We build up our military and navy. We continue to build walls and outposts around our capital city. The building of the biggest mosque in the nation is continuing now. Port cities are being rebuilt. More ships are being made for our navy. Our own version of guns are being made. Farming is becoming one of the most important industries, besides blacksmithy, trading and fishing. The building of the first college in the capital city is continuing. Guns are now mass produced in our country. We continue to make more woodblock printing presses for our libraries. Prototype cannons three feet long are continuing to be made. A trade route from our home country to Oirat is continuing to be mapped out. Foreign exchange banks are becoming popular in our country due to the ETA. (Eurasian Trade Agreement) Trade has increased due to the ETA. A new art form is continuing to be drawn. It is a mix of Safavid, Oirat, and Mughal art. Our art is continuing to be popular with all of the nation around us.
 * Oyo Diplo: Oyo would like access to your ports, in return we offer you many trade goods from Europe and slaves and ivory as well.
 * Safavidian Dip: We accept.
 * Pskov sends more ecconomic aid to Scandinavia, helping it pay its bills. The Surplus gained this year is almost nonexistant, but it is all in the name of long-term goals, having opened up a (somewhat) friendly market in the large natoin of Scandinavia, especialy in Privoo and Turku, having reconstructed the cities with their own engineers and architects, graduates of the Pskov Universtiy. This in turn gains more students for the Unvierstiy, as it is slowly and surely growing in Prestige, and has already established itself as the premier univesity in Russia. The Mathematics School expands the Architecture department, and the Universtiy starts lobbying the Veche to give it complete Independence in function (however, this does not discount government-funded research, it just makes it that the government cannot forbid a certain type of research, within reason). The University gets it at a price, 1% of all tuition payments are to go to the state Treasury, and the State shall use it to fund expeditions, projects and laboratories within the unviersity, although it cannot discriminate against people that do its bidding. The law is passed, also within the law is that the University shall not be censored from now untill the end of time, So the university is given a choice, work in de facto independence, as it is now, and not pay the 1%, but have no guarantees that the government will censor the University, or pay up and be guaranteed freedom from censorship for as good as forever. The universtiy bites down ... and raises tuition but not enough for people to actually notice, claiming Inflation and higher quality facilities as their reason. With the China Fund almost filled, Pskov looks to hire explorers to sail the New World. Many traders start arming their trade ships as a matter of default, as the Veche passes a law esentially making it legal to recruit the ships belonging to merchants in time of war as mercenary navy. This goes generaly unoticed as Merchants continue to build their ships unimpeded. The pskovian Shipyards in Nizhnigorodsk-Na-Narve acontinues production of various ships, and produces the first new model "bluewater Koch", which was developed with the help of Novgorod, being able to travel deep seas(the oceans), with three masts and re-inforced hulls. Three of these ships join the Pskovian Navy this year, and it is reorgonized into two Fleets, the First fleet, the war fleet, and the Second reserve fleet, made of vessels the traders volunteered to be called upon first to transprot troops. Meanwhile, the third trip to china is fruitless in gaining treasure ship designs, and heads back with many riches and more silver they started out with, with exotic goods to sell in Pskov and Europe. They expect to be back in 1505, when the China fund was originally planned to end. Some private merchants start to look into people they could hire to lead an expedition. A young captain by the name of Dimitri Boyasin takes their attention, with him having led an entire flotilla to victory outnumbered and outgunned. This strategist would be ideal to find a route to China and India. However, as tales of the New World reach Pskov, the mere rumor of a landmass in between them and china is upgraded from mythic rumour to fact, and some in the Veche think it would be wiser to send two expeditions, each with five ships, one to the north, the other to the south, in the case one runs into the landmass (remember, nobody knows or even mapped the New World yet). However, due to the moratorium on talks about China, nobody brings up the situation to a vote. Being the only Russian state able to travel the Oresund, Pskov gets an innumerable trade advantage against the other nations, becoming a larger hub of western goods, and having a monopoly on Russian goods flowing out of the Oresund (sold by Russians). Many Novgorodian Merchants being paying pskov to use theri ships for trade, or to rebase their ships in Pskov, causing a flow of rich people from Novgorod to Pskov, increasing Pskov's GDP and due to a cleaver "ship reflagging tax" instituted by the Veche this year, the treasury is set to get many short-term gains as Novgorodian merchants flock to the city state and re-flag their ships and put a Naval enseign or simply the State flag itself, and long term gains by having more merchants present for taxing. a win-win. (econ turn) (sorry if this turn is a bit confusing, if explanations are needed, do not hesitate to ask)
 * ​Northern nations are limited to northern exploration. You're not even a major explorer/colonizer -Feud
 * my intention was for one to land in Cuba/Caribbean and the other in the St Lawrence River, to name a part of Montreal China (as what happened in OTL when Lasalle landed in Montreal and thought he was in China. A borough is still called La Chine (China) because of it).
 * There's a difference though. That happened in 1669, it was a French explorer and I really don't expect you can sucessfully colonize before AT LEAST 1600. ~Sky
 * He is correct, the major and minor colonizers get their turns first then the others. Also as mods previously said, if your in the northern reaches, you are limited to the north and central areas of Eastern North America. Your also in a much less opportune part of Europe compared to France. -Feud
 * Milan: Work continues on the Certosa di Pavia, the Castle Visconteo, and on the extensive Milan Cathedral. We continue training a proper standing army, utilizing Swiss mercenaries and local recruits. With border disputes now settled between the nations of Austria and Switzerland, we continue opening friendly relations with both nations in hopes of repairing our diplomatic relations and protecting our northern border. We continue constructing cogs and galleys to strengthen our navy and protect our interests on the seas. Our turn is dedicated to economy in both our nation and our vassals. We begin vassalizing Wallis. The Treaty of Athens is signed, officially ending the Venetian War. Now that our nation has attained this amount of territory and prestige, Stephano “the Great” declares his nation to be the Kingdom of Lombardy, with Ravenna and Padua being annexed.
 * Novgorod: We continue the production of ships, cannons, muskets, advanced crossbows, swords, and composite bows, increasing our military capabilities in case of war. The nation’s training and advancement of military continues. The recent classes of Koch ships are being manufactured in Novgorod. The town of St Patriksburg’s population grows a bit more that last year. As the construction of the town improves, the Kremlin finishes, trade becoming more in demand, the town gains slightly. Because of the trade road built with Tver our economy increases. After seeing a great success with the private schools in the cities of Novgorod, St Patriksburg, Staraya Russa, and Nizhny Novgorod. We start building another private school in Rostov and Yaroslavl. We complete building private schools in Torzhok and a private school in Staraya Ladoga. We dedicate this turn to economy. As fur traders and hunters begin to move into Karelia, the border is expanded 3000 sq mi directly to the north. We are pleased that peaceful terms have been met between us and Scandinavia, and we hope to improve relations in the future. We sign the Treaty of Moscow, and plan to recognize the Tsar in Moscow as our ruler.
 * Tver: We complete the construction of the private school in Tver and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Yaroslavl, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to economy.We sign the Treaty of Moscow, and plan to recognize the Tsar in Moscow as our ruler.
 * Yaroslavl: We complete the construction of the private school in Yaroslavl and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to economy. We sign the Treaty of Moscow, and plan to recognize the Tsar in Moscow as our ruler.
 * Rostov: We completed the construction of the private school in Rostov and start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Yaroslavl, Muscovy. We dedicate this turn to economy. We sign the Treaty of Moscow, and plan to recognize the Tsar in Moscow as our ruler.
 * Karelia: We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to economy. We sign the Treaty of Moscow, and plan to recognize the Tsar in Moscow as our ruler.
 * Yemen: We continue to domesticate camels for travelers. The king continues to improve the mosques around the country, taking an intrest in Mecca. We ask for an alliance with Oman, and wish to form a middle eastern trade organization in the neat future.
 * Oman Dip: We agree to the alliance, and the Sultan is willing to enter talks on a Middle East trade organization and decide upon terms. (just message me)
 * Oman: The tragedy at Philadelphi hits hard on the trade fleet, as not only were a few Omani ships involved in the collisions while traversing the canal, several ships are trapped in the Mediterranean, with no way out but the long way round Africa. Most ships stay in the Med, but some risk the long journey round the cape. These ships are not heard from after setting out. The Sultan asks Hungary and Alexandria if they could harbour a few trade ships and traders for few years while the canal is cleared. Sailors involved in the accident return, clearly traumatized by their experiences, harking stories of a huge swarm of bats streaming from the heavens and striking the ships upon one another. Because of the number of ships put out of action, the ship building yards of Sohar are busy once again, churning out a small fleet of traders, designed so this type of disaster is less likely, with stronger hulls and better steering control.
 * Rajya of Marwar: The military begins to expand and the nation begins to influence Jaisalmer (Year eight). During these events, Rao Raja Singh sends more architects from Marwar to the Mughal who would design Mandirs in the Mughal Empire and also for priests (whose correct name Imp may edit in) to spread Hinduism in the Mughal Empire. The nation also supports numerous marriages between members of the Rajput clans and Mughali noble families. With the Mughal Empire prospering due to the Eurasian trade agreement, the Rajya applies.(mil turn)
 * Mughal Empire: The mlitary of the nations is expanded and architects sent by Emperor-Khan Raja Singh ud-din Muhammad Bahadur issue the building of the already designed temples. The Mughali prosperity continues as the Eurasian trade agreement is set into motion. (mil turn) Former Emperor Mirza, traveling with Ladislaus, reaches Castile and wishes to visit the royal court (Feud response), the former emperor has began studying their language, in hope to be able to speak with them once he arrives on the court.
 * Southern Chagatai (PSFSCK): The military is expanded
 * Prussia: The Prussians begin to develop their military. The Prussians continue to build their navy. King Karl II dies, with his son taking the throne as King Karl III of Prussia.
 * Courland: The Curonians also continue developing their military.
 * Estland: Ossel-Wiek also continues developing their military. Duke Franz continues to reshape the face of Arensburg.
 * Fusahito Theocracy: The city of Sendai begins to grow, with many members of the nobility eager to buy property in the newly constructed city. Similarly, many of the lesser nobility,craftsmen and artisans clamour to live in the modern city. Gifts are sent to the other Daimyos to improve relations, including gold and jade. The Emperor continues with a series of reforms meant to gradually phase out and then abolish slavery in Japan, cracking down on the continuation of the purchase and sale of slaves. The new religious police, modelled on the Chinese Jinyiwei continue to crack down on the slave trade, with full authority to arrest, interrogate and punish anybody suspected of opposing the Emperor's decrees - including the nobility. Imperial warships are used to patrol the coast of the Theocracy, searching for slave ships. Any ship found to be carrying slaves is taken as a prize, with the crews used as forced labour, increasing the size of the navy. The slaves that these ships are carrying are released at the next port, whilst the captain is hung from the mast of his ship. Work is completed cobbling the main roads out of the capital. The Yamana State continues to have closer ties with the Fusahito Theocracy, with the Daimyo being made welcome at the Fusahito court and plied with gifts. Year Six of Seven. The war continues against the Ryukyu Kingdom, with troops from the Theocracy seeing action on numerous islands. Fierce resistance is met throughout the archipelago, particularly on the island of Amami Oshima, where many soldiers are cut down whilst landing on the beaches. The Emperor declares that a shrine will be built in Kyoto to commemorate the dead, glorifying them at a divine level after their deaths in service to the Emperor, and god. However, the Imperial Army does appear to be making headway, with a few of the smaller islands already subdued. The Emperor does not intend to collapse the Kingdom, but merely remind the King of the dangers of ignoring the wishes of the Theocracy and to enforce his will with regards to the slave trade.
 * Alexandria and Aiguptia: Trade continues to increase as the ports are re-established. More people are converted to Coptic Christianity due to the See of Saint Mark's presence. Many Muslims reconsider their faith seeing the prosperity that Christians live in. Resources are sent to Aiguptia to maintain and protect the canal as that process continues and workers are encouraged to go seek out this opportunity. The economy continues to pick up as trade expands to SE Asia. The land acquired from Yemen by the Red Sea continues to see a port town established for sailors and merchants to rest before going into the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean, there is a medium increase in population as more people look to get into the trade business and travel from Castile and the Netherlands requires a stop for their sailors. In the province of Judea soldiers are to protect both Christian, Islamic and Jewish pilgrimages. Small amounts of conversions in Judea take place mainly converting Christians and Muslims to Coptic Christianity. Alexandria moves troops into the south as the region is to keep the region calm and free of revolt. OTL Goa and Karachi continue to become a massive destination for Alexandrian trades and relationships continued to be established. Grigorios's engineers continue plans of a reconstructed lighthouse on the cite of the citadel. Relations are continued with the nation Vijaynagar, an we continue establish more posts along the coast, especially at Goa. Immigration from traders and trading families increases to the trade enclaves in Alexander's Strait and the Somali enclaves. Alexandria's soldiers are sent to fight the rebels in the south and in Cairo. Asks fellow Christian nations in Nubia and Eastern Europe for assistance to end the islamic revolt. The Red Sea Trade Company is formed in order to deal with states along the Red Sea and creating safe and constant trade in the area. It is owned by the Great Eastern Sea Trade Co and is also a royal charter from Kafta and Grigorios. Expansion occurs into Sinai 100 px. Vassalization of Makuria and Alodia begins (Turn Three) It is revealed that Kyricos actually died in the Islamic Aiguptian War. GIrgoriois steps down as king and Kafta takes control of the nation as he had been before as well as marrying Kyricos's widow Anistasia. Girgorios will serve as an advisor  to Kafta.
 * Ethiopia: Grigorios and Kafta begins creating and developing relationships with local leaders. Shortly after the treaty everyone settles back into normal lifestyles. Soldiers are sent to Alexandria. Kafta becomes the ruler. Inf Turn.
 * Cyrencia: Is put under semi-autonomy in a vassal state relationship. Naval ports are built. Conversions occur. Inf Turn.
 * Castile:   King Ferdinand unable to resist the opportunity of the new lands heard of immediately commissions more trading companies to cross the seas and scout out these new lands. Leaving from multiple points the fleets reach the new lands and immediately go their separate ways. One fleet, the smallest of the three composing of seven ships, sails south mapping and cataloguing go much farther south than they believed finding a huge natural harbor. This hints to these men to be the perfect place for a trade outpost as well as a city in the future.. The Colony of Buenos Aires expands by (15 px) up the coast and establishes a captaincy farther south with a small colonial town of barely 80-100 people (5 px). The Castilian populace reaches about ten million and growing. The Spanish army of Castile and Aragon continues to push deep into Mayan territory taking their capital and working its way to other Mayan cities. The Castilian monarchy sends an envoy to preside over the war and any treaties in Germany. The Kingdom itself begins to expand its armed forces to nearly 80,000 and sends more military ships to Monaco to protect it from any aggression. The Castilian forces begin training exercizes. The Navy also begins to make serious advances in technology and armed attack formations along with its pushes out into the wide seas. The Colony of Buenos Aires reaches a population of about 8000 and growing with the first families and women showing up. Castilian exploration ships begin exploring south to check out farther down the coast and look for the southern edge of the continent. Alexis of Castile has twins, Named Ferdinand, and Phillip. In this, however, King Ferdinand is killed in a hunting accident and with his brother overseas with no interest in the throne this leaves Alexis to take the throne. Many Protest due to her gender but when she personally kills an assassin and ruthlessly hunts down the conspirators more respect is garnered. Charles of Austria is her King Consort.


 * Kingdom of Aragon:  With Castilian assistance various infrastructural areas are rebuilt and the military is expanded to a token force of 10,000. Along with this support the Aragonian economy recovers slowly with a slow but controlled influx of Castilian economic aid helping Aragon recover. The ruling magistrate over Aragon signs a landmark trade deal with Castile which allows for Aragon's usage of Castile's large amounts of trade posts down the coast of Africa. The Aragonians now in control of the Spanish South African trading company fund the creation of the expansion of the Trade outpost into a formal colony to be settled much like Morocco and Granada were by Castile. The Colony of Cape Ferdinand expands 10 px up the coast and expands the captaincy down the coast now covering the mouth of the Orange River on the coast (5 px). It's mostly populated by Castilians who are the main people moving to the colonies. Aragon's population continues to be culturally integrated with the next generation speaking primarily Spanish with Catalan being phased out by the newer generation. Aragon recognizes Alexis of Castile as their Queen.
 * Kingdom of Cyprus:  Cyprus gaining large funds from being a Castilian trade hub, begins building a few ships domestically, and purchases ships from Castile, or her allies shipwrights forming a respectable Cypriot navy of almost 90 ships with expected expansion to come. This expansion has been achieved specifically thanks to huge amounts of outsourcing to private shipwrights. Cyprus begins to see an exodus of the Knights Hospitaller west to Castile and her territories and King Matthias begins a larger recruitment for the military managing to raise a force of nearly 10,000. This force is largely funded through the large trade Cyprus has gathered. The troops are styled after Castile's royal army and Cyprus embarks on an intense training program in order to bring them up to standards. The Knights, with many departing, also have many older and other knights stay due to their close ties with Cyprus. They remain to run the Knights Hospitaller in Cyprus for the foreseeable future while a large number have migrated across the sea. The Kingdom of Cyprus due to the recent issues in Castile reluctantly recognizes Carlos and his Regency for Prince Ferdinand. Cyprus itself with its fleet of nearly 100 ships begins to take after the Venetian example with trade and begins to put Cypriot merchant ships into state possession for trade in order to help with the kingdom's finances and heavy trade. This show immediate results as a relative increase in funding and attention to trade between Castile and her allies begins to improve the quality of trade. The Assassins Guild sets up in Cyprus looking to prevent issues in the kingdom with corruption and serving as their base into Muslim countries. The King of Cyprus on his deathbed declares that a vote by the nobles on whether to join Castile will be held and a public forum will be held on what the people think of this.
 * Kingdom of Morocco:  The country begins the construction of various canals and cultivates trees farther inland to help increase arable farmland. The Moroccan economy continue to expand with greater trade coming from Castile and the Canaries all the way down to Capo Verde increasing the relative wealth. The Kingdom with many canals having been completed has vastly expanded its farmland among other things. Morocco's total population reaches one million with Christianity becoming dominant in the area. Calne-Vicuna is finished and is opened as an center for Christianity in North Africa with a library said to rival old Alexandria's. The Moroccan Assassins Guild forms and spreads keeping the peace and killing the corrupt as well as making Morocco much more peaceful for Castilian Rule. The Kingdom of Morocco officially enters into a personal union with Castile following the magistrates and princes deeming it unneccesary for the King to not have full control in the country. The Magistrates, however, are fully re-instated to continue as they were just under direction of the King of Castile.
 * Kongo:  The Kingdom begins to work toward a trade and production economy focusing on helping provide resources for Castile's burgeoning West African trade network. The King of the Kongo converting to Christianity and being baptised begins to call for the expansion of ports to the best of the Kongolese architects' abilities. With the King also adopts the name John, in favor of the king who began these exploratory operations down the coast of Africa. The King also organized a band of Christian soldiers who help keep the peace who also begin to help with conversions to Christianity as a series of missionaries and high level priests from the Western Church have come on a ship hearing of many pagans and heretics to convert. The King makes multiple successful campaigns against various of the petty kings in Kongo killing two of them and leaving the third on the run. The Christianization of multiple areas is completed and multiple others are begun. The Kingdom of the Kongo in an attempt to increase economic output and trade begins to export a moderate amount of raw materials to Castile and begins to push toward heavy exploitation methods if possible.
 * Mapuche: With the defeat by the Spanish a royal governor is appointed by the Castilians. The governor immediately goes to work to prevent his workforce from being killed by disease and to prevent revolts and by immediately marching groups of about 1000 people to the colonial capital. These people are immediately transferred onto available ships and throughout the year are sent up the coast via Spanish ships to a location unknown to the Mapuche. The royal governor also makes it imperative for the territory to extend to the coast expanding 1500 sq km to the south east. The Mapuche also continue to see major issues from European contact are given orders to isolate themselves if they are sick to prevent further expansion of the disease. The governor also manages to gain a force of about 200 as a garrison.  The Mapuche people begin to see the first mixed children between Spanish and Mapuche people. The Spanish institute the Ecomienda system. However, the Spanish governor, in order to keep control of the people, orders the Spanish heads of the system to treat the natives fairly in order to prevent mass deaths from overworking and resentment. Spanish farming techniques have definitively prevented starvation as the Mapuche continue to expand towards the coast building a road to connect it all. The Spanish governor, also using the local Mapuche as scouts, is able to expand much more than the Buenos Aires colony and uses this to his advantage to secure more land to be able to turn over to Spanish settlers.
 * Maya: With the outright collapse of the Mayan government complete the Spanish institute a royal governor who assumes command of the troops. The Mayan armed forces have been all but wiped out and the Spanish along with their native auxiliaries begin the absolute wipe out of their armed forces and securing of multiple cities and settlements. Many of the villages are left completly ransacked. However, an insightful priest says that destroying the cities will result in long term resentment that could never be repaired and instead they should be made Spanish-Maya hybrid. The new Royal Governor seeing wisdom in this declares that the cities will not be ransacked and a moderate tribute of gold and silver is demanded by the Spanish. The 2000 troops remain in the Country and begin to establish areas along the coast suitable for Spanish settlement. The military and economy of the Maya under Spain is developed and roads are upgraded to Spanish standards. An expected expansion program is to be undertaken in the next few years.
 * Netherlands: With the new war in the hre exploding the Netherlands fear that one of the German states might start to gain hegemony. The Netherlands approach the emperor in hopes figuring out how to prevent a destabalization of central Europe. Maurice requests that his allies show restraint when dealing with the HRE. With the port city of Jakarta now in the hands of the East indias Company a garrison of 500 troops are stationed there while recruits from the local population are requested. The city is renamed Batavia. expansion of the military and the navy continue. Wheel locks start to be produced in small numbers in Wallonia. Trade with Asia continues thanks to the Dutch routes along the African coast. Troops on the way back from the Thai campaigns of conquest are ordered to establish an outpost on the Maldives leading to the establishment of a small enclave in the north of the islands. Trade with the Indian subcontinent and with South East Asia continue to grow, and with the temporary closure of the canal and the fall of Venice the Dutch get an opportunity to start expanding their own trade shares in both Europe and Asia thanks to the need for eastern goods in Europe and the interest in western goods in the orient. The expedition to the New World continues mapping out the coastline and serious talks about starting up a settlement begin largely in the areas previously explored by the first expedition, for now though the expedition decided to cut some of the wood and bring it back to Europe to see if it can fetch a good price. New Friesland and Nassau are expanded and fortified. The bourgoisie continue to grow in power and wealth. The arts and sciences continue to flourish. A Dutch noble makes a comment during a meeting of the States-Generals which brings great interest to the rest as he speaks of the Start of the Dutch Golden Age.
 * Rumania: Stephen, now 28, continues to work on improving the economy. Iron, salt and coal mines dot the landscape. Coal begins to become a major resource produced. These mines provide the resources required by the foundries and traders on the coast. The Danube becomes a highway of commerce, hundreds of barges travel up and down its length transporting people, materials, goods, and ideas. As much as 9% of the nation has reached basic literacy, and the Moralists promote education of commoners by priests, in order to give everyone the opportunity to read the bible. Education among the elite is becoming much more common.
 * The Consulate of Bulgaria: The economy continues to grow. The printing press spreads south into Bulgaria just as in Rumania. Ties with Rumania are strengthened; hundreds of Romanians move into the country, seeking cheap and productive land, and inter-marriage becomes very common. Bulgarians also begin to migrating to trade towns in Romania to seek more economic opportunities. Bulgarian populations in Rumania now represent a large minority, and the same can be said about Romanians in Bulgaria. Ethnic tensions are uncommon in both nations as multi-ethnic communities existed before the large migrations.
 * Bengal Sultanate: The decrease in taxes on the landed elite does its job in most areas of the Sultanate, decreasing the tax load on the peasantry and earning him their support. The tax cuts on the merchant class allow for more trade to be conducted, and a recent lax on some of the quota laws allows for more goods to be shipped from Bengal, greatly increasing trade income. Cash crops continue to be grown in large amounts. With our merchants traveling to Ava, Kamarumpa and Arakan regularly, Islam continues to grow in their areas. Most all trade roads continue to see much-needed maintenance. Due to Bengal having control over lands of multiple ethnicities and religions, literary works in the form of poems continue to take influence from all three religions of the Sultanate. Urdu, also called Hindi by some, becomes more common in the Sultanate due to the mixing of Hindu and Islamic ideals. We continue to help finance the Plutocratic State of Jaunpur, Delhi Sultanate and Bahamani Sultanate by sending gifts directly to the nobles/sultans, offering loans from powerful trade bankers, and decreasing the trade taxes over all of Bengal, allowing more of our merchant goods to travel into those states. We also raise a portion of the Sultan's personal levy and then divide it to be sent out to the states' leaders, so that they can do with them what they wish in order to maintain order in their nation. The construction of schools and universities several years ago has led to an increase in scholars and literacy in our nation. Due to the removal of trade barriers among a majority of states in the Indian League, their merchants and ours begin to travel with increased mobility and goods, thereby increasing the trade income and output in the agreeing nations. Several Bengali merchants continue to sponsor gem mines in the Mogok area of Ava, due to the high concentration of gems such as rubies, sapphires, garnets and moonstones, and the first of many mines begin to return with more successes. Construction of ships based upon Castilian designs, granted to us by them, continues, in order to further our efforts to explore and trade. Several popular works of poetry, written in Urdu, are bought and stored by the Sultan within his palace in Pandua due to him favoring these particular works over poetic works written in Bengali. Inspired by the recent tale of forgiveness displayed by the Indian nations with the Mughal Empire, a Bengali poet by the name of Brā'una prabala-bāẏu completes the work of his epic and it quickly begins to be reproduced by various scholars. A new deposit of Iron ore is discovered in western Bengal, leading to an increased supply of Iron.
 * ​Emirate of Andamana: Illyas-Sasaska continues to reclaim land on the island to make room for farms, and to have timber for building both boats and houses. The Emirate expands another 500 km onto the island. The ships built by the timber from the island help contribute to Bengali trade. Continues working on economy and infrastructure.
 * Rajya of Orissa: Kapilendra Deva continues to listen to his advisers and bring about several reforms to his nation that make it more Islamic friendly, one of which is new, and calls for the creation of one mosque for each Hindu temple in the name of tolerance, when in reality, his advisers have prescribed this to bring about larger Islamic influence. The new University of Bhubanēśbara (Bhubaneswar) finishes construction and now houses several classes ranging from literature to economics.
 * Swargadeo of Kamarupa: Now vassalized by Bengal, the Swargadeo of Ahom continues to receive extensive help in creating viable farmland. They do this by continuing a process of land reclamation in the northern part of the state, which is largely marshy and thinly populated. This process of reclamation begins by using dikes, embankments and irrigation systems. The land reclamation, having been going on for decades, is extremely successful in creating viable farmland for rice, grain and other staple crops, increasing Kamarupa's population and their yearly trade output.'
 * Grand Duchy of Moscow: The nation of Muscovy begins trading along routes routing through the nation of Novgorod and its vassals, and the nation of Pskov. Money collected through trade and taxation is saved this year in the Muscovite treasury in case of an emergency. Trade routes are established between the nations of Poland, Hungary, Rumania, and the Roman Empire, and we promote friendly relations with all these nations. We become closer to Novgorod through trade, relying on Novgorod for safe land routes into our northern territory. The nations of the Ukraine continue to be vassalized. In case of attack we expand our military, recruiting free levies from our cities to protect local regions of our nation. Pikes and crossbows become common equipment in some units after they begin to be produced locally to outfit local regiments. Bowmen continue to be an essential part of our military to provide support for melee units, with some gunpowder weaponry being used. In major cities Kremlins are upgraded and outfitted with modern equipment and dedicated garrisons to combat any threat or invasion. The largest Kremlin, located in Moscow, is especially upgraded, with new walls being added that are wider and can hold cannons. Italian architects are also invited to our courts to design certain aspects of the city. This turn in our nation and vassals is dedicated to economy.
 * Lithuania: This turn is officially dedicated to economy. Trade between Moscow, Prussia, and other nations helps to amass wealth, which is partially used to finance infrastructural projects and military fortifications.
 * Austria: This turn in both our nation and in all our vassals is dedicated to economy. We train and expand our military using new experience from recent wars, and grow our nation economically. In Morocco our position in Melilla is fortified. All fortifications around the region are rebuilt and manned by stationed guards in case of an attack. To protect Melilla the construction of a fortress outside the city is considered, although postponed for now. The port of Melilla is rebuilt to begin operation as a trade port and military outpost. Construction continues on a shipyard in the Melilla port to facilitate the construction and repair of friendly ships. Melilla is granted a permanent naval garrison in the city’s port to respond to dangers in the area, and to support the small garrison on land which mans the fortifications. Our position in Morocco is fortified by re-inforcements, bringing Melilla operational against attacks. For now, a small fleet is stationed in its harbor, while its garrison continues to hold the north and its supply lines, supporting our Christian brethren. With much of the Muslim population of Melilla left dead after the war against Morocco, the local government attempts to entice settlers by offering large quantities of land to Christian settlers. Many Europeans, particularly of German descent and/or from central Europe begin settling the area around Melilla. With finances from Augsburg-based banking establishments, the Trieste Company continues to launch expeditions to West Africa. Abrechtburg has grown to a decently sized settlement, supporting a population of farmers, traders and a small garrison of soldiers. The town also houses a well furbished fort, armed with a small amount of cannons intended to defend the settlement and the harbor from any attack. Built out of necessity, the port at Abrechtburg is refurbished and expanded to support more trade ships, and allied countries are welcomed to trade and stay in the town. The second largest settlement in Westenland, Dominusburg, follows suit, finishing the construction of a port similar to Abrechtburg ‘s. Trade posts continue to be built and exploited, now numbering several dozen along the coast of Westenland and into allied territory. Our reliance on the Wolof becomes less so, but we sign a trade agreement with their nation to continue our positive relationship. Deals are made with the Wolof for slaves and other goods. Conversion of the natives begin around the settlement. Several bimereiches and caravels begin construction in Trieste, Melilla, Corfu, and other ports, to further facilitate and protect overseas trade. Trade is increased with the Grand Duchy of Bavaria and other trade partners, bringing about new avenues of trade and commerce.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire continues to expand trade west to compensate for the trade lost from the canal and the war with Venice. Most of the new lands' economies began to function as they did before and export many raw materials and luxury goods to the west, increasing the income of the Empire. Trade expands in the north thanks to the patronage of Scandinavia, and some merchants begin to consider the New World as a possible market for new trade goods. Plans to explore the New World are made but none are acted upon at this moment. The infrastructure of the new lands is also improved, repairing the roads and fortifications in them. Most of the lands have become fully integrated within the Roman Empire save for its vassals gained from the war. Research into better naval ships continues, and the first of a new breed of ships begins construction at Constantinople. Thomas I travels to the Tartary to attend the funeral of Theodore.
 * Albania: The new lands are further integrated within the kingdom, and Albanians in the new lands continue to celebrate the unification of their lands to that of an independent Albanian state.
 * Epirus: In Epirus, the republican structure of government is disbanded by the occupying Roman army and replaced by a Roman council to help faciliate governing. The fortifications of the region continue to be rebuilt.
 * Naxos: The Duke continues to export many trade goods for the wealth of the Empire while still seeking to gain enough influence to survive the impending annexation of the Duchy.
 * Ragusa: With the war now conclusively over, trade blooms as silver, wax, wine, and other trade goods are exported throughout the west. Although the state is a protectorate of the Romans, the government of the republic seeks to make Ragusa a great trade power as Venice and Genoa once were.
 * Hungary and all its vassals and puppets and states in personal union work on expanding their armed forces. There is an increase in trading between them all, along with increased trading with Moscovy and thus allows economic growth. Road construction also continues as for greater trade, better infrastructure is needed. Hungary also focuses highly on building better naval ships and upgrading old ships as well as putting many obsolete ships into retirement. Hungary demobilised many men after training them in a bid to make sure evrything remains stable along with provide the men to work the field and harvest the grain once it has grown. This allows harvest levels to reach new highs as better practices have lead to increased yields. With the new knowledge which has travelled with the Venetian nobles, it is quickly sent to the Grand University of Budapest to be archived and taught. With the large number of ships now available to Hungary, Hungary needs more ports for the ships to reside in. Sigismund quickly begins to look for options. Meanwhile, he travels to the Tartary to attend the funeral of Theodore and meets many important leaders from the Eastern Mediterranian. While returning, he sends out a diplomat to Rome, with whom Humgary is slightly annoyed with due to their invasion of Venice, and asks them for permission to use Roman ports for the Hungarian fleet.
 * Roman Diplomacy: In the interest of preserving positive relations, the Romans accept.
 * Dai Viet: This turn is officially dedicated to economic expansion. The nation of Dai Viet begins expanding its military to protect the nation against any foreign attack. The government begins an active role in equipping some units, using its funds to ensure that the entirety of the militia is equipped with pikes and swords. Crossbows also begin to be used in select units, who are trained to be most effective during cavalry charges and to provide support for our infantry. Government forces are called and put to the test securing our southern border, garrisoning in recently acquired territory. Alongside expanding ground forces, the government also sees to need to expand naval forces, a process that began several decades ago. Small ships capable of longer journeys are constructed in major port cities, and cities in the south along the coast are expanded to facilitate naval activity on par with our northern cities. Trade ships are attracted to our major ports from nearby nations. Facilities are upgraded to better facilitate trade. With several dozen small trade ships and warships under the command of the government vassals, and several ships under its personal command, the government orders a series of operations in the east waters of the nation, hoping to root out pirates and protect trade routes. As a test of our navy, our largest warships, equipped with cannons and other weapons, make several expeditions around the Biển Đông (South China Sea). Several more trade posts are established in the Philippines. We also make several expeditions to the Riau Islands, where we come into contact with the Orang laut people.
 * Hesse: Our armies win many initial battles, heading toward the big cities, already taking most of the country-side. Princess-Regent Eva brings her detained mother, Sophia of Hamburg to the palace at Silberberg. The nearly 70-year old woman is then paraded through the town of Silberberg, and Ludwigsburg, people calling her a 'traitor', a 'rat', and a 'spy'. When they get to the castle at Ludwigsburg, they behead her in front of a large crowd.
 * Madagasikara begins to change the policy towards al-Swahili as a minor coup takes place in that nation replacing the Emir with a pro-Christian leader who encourages reconciliation. King Esteban welcomes the new leader by restoring trade and ending the embargo. The military is substantially cut, but work on the navy continues. Pirateering is now limited to attacking non-chartered pirates. Trade with Alexandria, Ayutthaya, and especially Spain develops the Madagasikaran economy. Trade and production of valuable spices continue at the same time that the nation continues to experience massive cultural, scientific, religious, economic, and linguistic changes. The Andrés and the Tiavina continue to be used in practice drills in which they lead the Madagasikaran navy. Work on creating more advanced ports in cities other than Mahajanga begins, and two more caravels are now under construction, one in Mahajanga and one in Morondava, which is the second largest city in the nation. Esteban the Pious continues to fund missionary activities throughout the Diocese, regardless of earthly domain. Firearms manufacturing in Antsiranana continues to increase. In Betsileo, last minute plans for integration are fulfilled and integration is anticipated for next Christmas. Many Malagasy leaders rejoice in the unification of their people under Esteban the Pious, and Christianity is the majority religion on the islands by far. Economic turn.
 * Sofala, Mtwara, Mozambika, and Pembara all continue to merge culturally with Madagasikaran culture due to the popular and proven process of sending the firstborn son to Mahajanga or any other insular city of Madagasikara. Infrastructure in these frontier regions is improved, as roads and small forts and garrisons along the frontier are built over time. This encourages settlement, and two states expand; Sofala heads north as Mozambika heads south. Plans to integrate Mtwara and Pembara are approaching fruition.
 * Tawatinsuyu: Military is improved and reorginized. The size of the army hits 19,000. Cuzco, Machu Picchu, and Chan Chan are developed further, populations of these cities hits 202,000, 92,000, and 117,000 respectively. Population across the empire hits 1,155,000. Reformation of the farming system continues as crops produce better yields. Research into medicine and Sciences continues, with advancements being made allowing for greater care of the sick and injured. Rebuilding and building continues across the empire. Culture merging continues. The empire is now divided into four districts, Cuzco-suyu (the area formerly known as the Kingdom of Cuzco) Aymara-suyu (the territories conquered in the two Cuzcan-Aymaran wars) Nazca-Suyu (area perviously known as the Ica-Nazca) and Chimu-suyu (the Ica-Nazca's northern vassals). Each of these districts acts similar to a state, with regional rulers being appointed by the Sapa-Inca. The process of culture blending begins to show effects, as Cuzcans live across the emipire now, taking there culture with them. While Cuzcans are the largest ethnic group (~47%) they still do not make up 50% of the empire. The other ethnic groups are:Nazca (~18%), Chimu (~20%), Wankan (~9%) Aymara (~3%) and Other (4%). Cuzcan remains the fastest growing ethnic group. The enslavement of the Aymara people begins once again, though the ethnic purging is left out of the old formula. The population of Cuzco-suyu is 600,000, Aymara-suyu is 130,000, Nazca-suyu is 140,000, and Chimu-suyu is 280,000.
 * Zapoteca: A large part of the population is now sick, and death is common. However, the number of immune people in the population is growing. The Spanish aid is greatly appreciated. The Emperor continues financing Spanish settlers to come to the kingdom and marry into the population. Trade increases and continues with the Spanish. Tlaco II expands roadways connecting cities in the alliance to help merchants and soldiers move more freely between them. The military, which had been outdated for many years, continues to be upgraded. The economy booms with trade as a result of the roads. In the coastal regions under Danibaan's influence, more boats are created. Tlaco II orders more to be manufactured to bring in goods from the sea. Pressure continues to be asserted on Itzapam to join the Zapotec-Spanish sphere.

1504
'A German cartographer publishes his Cosmographiae Introductio ''("Introduction to Universal Cosmography"). The book includes an accompanying wall map, being the first to show the New World as a separate continent. He names them Hesperia in honor of the famous Spanish explorer accredited for discovering the continent, and his publication spreads to use of that particular name. '''

'''Pirates block the Strait of Malacca and any access between the Asian mainland and Sumatra. As soon as supplies for the Thai soldiers shrivel up, the recently oppressed populations of four different kingdoms conquered within ten years by Ayutthaya launch an open rebellion. Even Aceh rebels against the Thais. The six rebellious kingdoms have near universal support and are essentially in a state of total war. (+10 in the algo) (Undoubled scores: 10, 10, 10)'''

'''Ok, this is some GIANT Bullshit. Firstly, Ayutthaya has one of the largest fleets in the world. Pirates would be smashed to pieces in a week. Next, Aceh? They've been rules by Ayutthaya for nearly 50 years, and they weren't oppressed; we vassalized them by MARRIAGE. Tualng Bawang and Selebar both have many of their nobles in Ayutthaya, and all the noble's children, AND are tied by marriage to Ayutthaya. Who's leading this rebellion? Next, there is no reason for the peasants to rebel- nationalism doesn't exist yet, and frankly speaking, we're of the same culture and general religion. Aru and Siak have basically been rebuilt by Ayutthaya. Their economies revolve around AYutthaya. Furthermore, they too have their children in Ayutthaya. Basically, only Pagaruyung and SUnda can plausibly rebel, and NEITHER would have access blocked off by this ASB "closure" of the Straits. '''

'''You waged 4 wars of massive expansion in less than 20 years are you serious right now? how do you not see how revolts are plausible. These pirates could also be infinitely better with tactics, you have no idea. Stop being butthurt about a problem you caused -Feud'''

'''It's like you legit didn't read ANYTHING I just posted. This is on the talkpage. Post about it there. '''

Fijian prince Ratu Udre "the Devourer" expands his domain in Western Fiji, taking over several tribes in the west.
 * Portugal: Continues a notable buildup in military strength and allows for a vigorous training program on the existing military forces attempting to train them up heavily. Meanwhile, the administration continues to be reformed, and agriculture and commerce are encouraged. Meanwhile, Portugal continues to develop its navy. Meanwhile, Portuguese traders continue visiting the Castilian settlements in the Canaries. Meanwhile, wheat continues to be cultivated in Leiname. By this time, the colony in Leiname starts to export wheat to Portugal. Meanwhile, some Portuguese explorers continue to explore the African coast. The Açores continue to be settled. Meanwhile, the new ships that been developed, called naus, and that are similar to the Castilian carracks, begin to be used. Naval explorations directed to the west continue, after news that new lands may have been found there. Meanwhile, Santa Cruz expands north by 1000 sq km. Meanwhile, pau-brasil (brazilwood) starts to be extracted in the colony.
 * The Kingdoms of Great Albion (Scotland and England) - member nation of the UKGA: Many ships are modernized and replaced to keep the Royal Albion Navy a powerful forces on the high seas. Port Edmundburg continues to experience a growth in population. Albionic settlers continue to explore the surrounding areas. The dialect of English originally found in Scotland and the Eire grows so large that it covers most of the North of England. This new dialect is called Bythigish (portmanteau of Brython and English). English nobles begin to enjoy the Celtic myths of Eire and Scotland. The Templar Order continues to undercut the King's enemies and seeks ways to privately grow the power of the King and Albion as a whole. The Order buys up many smaller businesses and collectivizes some farms. The Order begins to expand into other areas of Europe, seeking to grow understanding as well as pushing Albionic ideals. Albion continues to explore  farther west and south Economic aid is sent to our Scandinavian allies, though limited due to pressing domestic issues. A Clockmaker from Cambridge becomes popular for his accurate timepieces and the exquiste wood housing. He creates a chime for the St Mary's Cathedral, the chimes are called the Cambridge Chimes (OTL Westminster Quarters aka Big Ben's chime). The Chimes become so popular, other clockmakers incorporate the chimes into their clocks. After two years of war, Hamburg falls to Albionic forces. The war is over. The King travels to tour the city of Hamburg and issues a speach praising the bravery of both sides and states he is committed to rebuilding what is destroyed. His speach also outlines to other HRE nations that Albion plans to abstain from future conflict in the region. Albion siezes the city of Hamburg and the provence of Holstien. (Divisions are being discussed). After the war, Albion sees a population boom as soldiers return from war. Albion also begins to experience an isolationist attitude toward war and conflict. Trade is renewed. Trade ships finally reach Bengal and begin to start trading. The areas of Hamburg not given to Hesse are reorganized as the Crown Dominion of Hamburg. Trade offers as well as NAP are submitted to other members of the HRE including, Bavaria, Oldenburg, Austria and Hesse. Albionic politicians and diplomats stay to set things in order and a new House of Commons is established.
 * Calais: Military and navy are expanded.
 * Dublin: Dublin undergoes another remodel and expansion to the ports due to the massive influx of trade from Castile and Venice as well as an increased Eire trade.
 * Scotland: Expands navy and military. Pan Albion sentiments grow, Trade increases. Whiskey is traded down to central Albion.
 * Wales: Wales expands its military and navy. Cardiff becomes a large centre of trade for Wales. The Welsh appoint Adam Cyrdger as Royal Minister. The first sessions of parliament are held. Wales does not see as large a population boom as Albion or Scotland, but a minor one, centered around Cardiff and Swansea, does occur.
 *  Port Edmundburg expands by 1000 sq km. The African colonists begin looking toward mining and other ventures to generate profit.
 * New Cambridgeshire: New Cambridgeshire expands by 1000 sq km. Colonists begin to explore around the region and begin to have a large fishing boom. The Port of New Rotham is expanded to handle excess ships from Albion and other European nations. The people of New Rotham also begin an attempt to gain knowledge of farming in Borealia from Native Peoples.
 * Hesse: We accept the trade offers and the NAP. We give the Albions complete access to the island of Neu Lippe, and the African outpost of Neu Bruchhausen. We also ask if we could use their colonies as a rest point for our exploration ships.
 * |onte continues to have a large surplus of grain. Though adopting "western farming", the idea of "the tribe" is still very much so alive, as people always share the crops they have grown, or the animals they have hunted amongst the community. Mon's children advocate the planting of trees in small groves. Throughout the year, Mon's children go elephant hunting, though it is very dangerous, as they are hunting them with arquebuses, and the whole process requires much co-ordination. However, the results are said to be spectacular, as the tribe gains new wealth in the collected ivory, and the elephant meat is considered a rarity. The season resulted in six elephants being killed. Much of the younger generation knows how to hunt, and begin to help their parents, increasing the prosperity of the tribe. Not only do they know how to hunt, but in accordance with tribal tradition, each one of them may become a warrior if the need be, trained both in the arquebus and the bow, though the arquebus is gaining much ground against the arrow. |onte is becoming very rich with money made from elephant hunting, as they have nothing to spend the money on. Ma-n!o travels back to Conte, and offers merchants from the Netherlands a slightly larger than average sum, in addition to slaves, for trade ships, and a help with the construction of an elephant pen. Mon II, intrigued by the concept of Chinese Culture, Buddhism and writing, stays behind in a Buddhist monestary, learning to read, write and speak Chinese, and the tenets of Buddhism. While there, he learns of Confucianism, by talking to the people on the street. Debarubo, who studied both the army, and the arts, takes young tribesmen north and expands 250 sq km (5 pixels) adjacent to his expansions along the coast, doing the tribes traditional policy of taking the women, and killing the men. Debarubo plays with the concept of claiming his family as the "Rikisis" of |onte.
 * Prussia: The Prussians begin to develop their military. The Prussians continue to build their navy.
 * Courland: The Curonians also continue developing their military.
 * Estland: Ossel-Wiek also continues developing their military. Duke Franz continues to reshape the face of Arensburg.
 * Zapoteca: A large part of the population is now sick, and death is common. However, the number of immune people in the population is growing. The Spanish aid is greatly appreciated. The Emperor continues financing Spanish settlers to come to the kingdom and marry into the population. Trade increases and continues with the Spanish. Tlaco II expands roadways connecting cities in the alliance to help merchants and soldiers move more freely between them. The military, which had been outdated for many years, continues to be upgraded. The economy booms with trade as a result of the roads. In the coastal regions under Danibaan's influence, more boats are created. Tlaco II orders more to be manufactured to bring in goods from the sea. Pressure continues to be asserted on Itzapam to join the Zapotec-Spanish sphere.
 * Grand Duchy of Bavaria: Franz-Albert completes petitioning the lords of Saxony for tribute as well (Turn Six out of Six). Bavaria expands its military. The population continues to rise. Grand Duke Franz-Albert and his council continue to allow the training of new troops. Several markets are constructed in Landshut as well as trade houses for Austrian and Castilian traders. In Austria, several new ships begin being constructed, with twenty-five very large cogs being finished, and by 1504 a trade route is put in place. Such important places in the trade route include Rome, Athens, Constantinople, Gibraltar, and the coasts of Brittany, due to a longstanding trade deal. Continuing in 1504, Franz-Albert commissions six cogs to sail around western Mediterranean coasts. The market center in Landshut continues to attract Bavarian and Venetian traders. In religious news, around 76% of the country adheres to the Western Church. Most adherents live around Munchen and Landshut. In other news, Bavaria continues implementing the Alliance and Merchant Act as well as the Militia and Navy Act. As Grand Duke, Franz-Albert continues hosting a largely Venetian court. However, many Bavarian families have intermingled with the Venetians, creating a distinct social class and identity. In national news, the common courts continue to be implemented around Bavaria as several of the lower class make use it of. The serf laws begin to be used as well. Skeptics who theorized that the serf laws would mark no profound change in society begin to be proven wrong. In 1504, as many as one hundred and sixty serfs sue for their freedom. Franz-Albert begins to ponder a law that would fully abolish slavery, seeing how it has more or less deteriorated in Bavaria. The wild unpopularity of these laws begin to wear off as well. Franz-Albert further incorporates the Collegiate Writs, allowing many more lower class men to enter college. In legal news, Franz-Albert continues implementing the Bavarian Commands. Franz-Albert sends letters around Europe, pertaining to a royal marriage for both Charles (7) and Margaret (6). In diplomatic news, Franz-Albert continues to be wary of the recent war against Trier and Hamburg. Franz-Albert issues an order for a national census to be recorded, detailing the number of people and serfs in the country. In Saxony, Elisabeth moves to Dresden to preside as Countess of Saxony and Thuringia, and works on securing her position. To avoid causing patriotic uproars, Elisabeth leaves the political state of both realms intact and does not yet implement the Bavarian Commands. Taxes are normalized from their previously erratic state and Elisabeth makes note to visit various villages more often. The Countess also makes it her plan to consolidate both counties.
 * Munchen: By 1504, the total class of Queen Isabell University amounts to about 4610 men. Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The Collegiate Writs begin to draw more men to college.
 * Straubing: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Ingolstadt: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burgau: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Nurnburg: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burggrafschaft: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Bamberg: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Wurzburg: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. A religious change begins occurring in Wurzburg upon the ascension of Franz-Albert, where many more Western Christians begin inhabiting the bishopric. The clergy begins being alarmed and they fear displacement. An envoy dispatched by Franz-Albert attempts to quell their fears.
 * Thuringia: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert and Countess Elisabeth continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Countess Elisabeth normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion.
 * Saxony: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert and Countess Elisabeth continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Countess Elisabeth normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion.
 * Marrikuwuyanga Empire: The tribes had returned to the lands they had been previously forced to abandon and quickly settled. Due to the large ships provided by the Ayutthaya, the people were able to easily travel to the Tiwi Islands and return in time. This increased Emperor Yada Gulpilil's popularity who was now worshipped and referred to as the Almighty. The Emperor considered himself God, disregarding the fact that it was the Ayutthaya that had provided him with the medicine, ships and food. The Emperor called upon the tribes neighboring Marrikuwuyanga to give up their false gods and worship Emperor Yada. The Marrikuwuyanga had declared that any tribe that peacefully united with the Marrikuwuyanga would be allowed to keep their land, women, gold, etc, but anyone who resisted would be punished severely. When a forest fire resulted in the deaths of 11 men from the Dangbon tribe, Emperor Yada declared that it was proof of his wrath and divinity. The Emperor Yada Gulpilil agreed to allow Ayutthaya to preach Hinduism and Buddhism as long as they mentioned the Emperor was God himself and the Ayutthaya made sure that the new converts did not attempt to replicate the Emperor's divinity. In return, the Ayutthaya had sent 1000 regulars for Marrikuwuyangan army. Meanwhile, Marrikuwuyanga's influence continued to increase within the neighbouring tribes and the military was strengthened as the military gained access to the muskets via Ayutthaya. Trade boosted Marrikuwuyanga's economy. The crop yield increased annually and so did the population. We expand 250 km along the western coast. Having conquered the island of Timor, the Marrikuwuyanga celebrate as they believe they would win every single war that ever takes place. The Emperor informed the Ayutthaya merchants that he wished to meet with their King.
 * Jawoyn: Having accepted the union, Marrikuwuyanga's soldiers soon had stormed into Jawoyn territory. Emperor Yada Gulpilil was declared a God and the people of Jawoyn worshipped him. They were introduced to the Ayutthaya, ships, medicines and modern weaponry and had their economy developed through trade and military through training. The Marrikuwuyanga slowly and gradually start to annex Jawoyn.
 * Timor: Having established dominance over the island, the Emperor was keen on making sure there was no rebellion by the natives and soon after marching as conquerors, the tribal leaders were bombarded with gifts by the Marrikuwuyangan Emperor who assured them that they would be allowed to keep their power as tribal leaders as long as they recognized Emperor Yada Gulpilil as their God. Meanwhile, military was expanded and infrastructure was developed.
 * Vorlayacor:  The nationwide quarantine drastically lowered the prevalence of disease in the past two years and is lifted;  a general sense of joy permeates the populace, as this is really the first big piece of good news since the Spanish conquered the old territory. As disease and food are no longer critical issues, most of the population now begins to focus on rebuilding their lives and their nation. Many buildings in Nov Xoryan are completed this year, and the city begins to look like a worthy successor to Xoryan;  villages and towns across the territory are seeing significant progress as well. There are about 35,000 Mapuche and 15,000 other Hesperian ethnic groups in the territory for a total population of 50,000, 10,000 of which live in or around Nov Xoryan. Jarvan gives a grand speech of how the people must not forget what was lost and why it was lost, and how the nation must strive forth. He makes public his promise to dedicate his life to improving Vorlayacor to the point where it can match or surpass any European nation. The teachers are still experimenting with various recipes for creating gunpowder. The Vorlayacan economy begins to develop in earnest this year, with ironworking regaining the prominence it had in the old land and fishing becoming a popular trade.
 * Kingdom of Hyrcania: King Farbod Bavandid sends an envoy to the Kingdom of Georgia asking for a trade pact. The King starts implementing policies within the government reforming the civil service system, hoping to increase efficiency of running the government. He also starts to apply these policies to the military structure as well, hoping to increase the efficiency of the army's command structure. The King hopes that within the next few decades, with the help of reforms such as these, he will be able to centralize the realm. The King expands the capital of Rast by building new buildings, many builidings being government structures, though some housing is built in hopes of increase in population in the capital in order to have people to fill the jobs created by the building of government structures. The King's interest in Zoroastrianism continues to grow. He looks into some of scriptures and stuff of the sort of the religion, hoping to learn more of the religion.
 * Grand Duchy of Hamburg: Friedrich I reluctantly signs the peace. Shortly after, his health takes a turn for the worst. His family, recently returned from Oldenburg, gathers around his bed to say goodbye. During his final breaths, he notices a servant weeping. He tells her, "Do not weep for me: I could not protect my home, I couldn't even protect my sister. I deserve no tears." He dies shortly after. At his funeral, many still weep for Friedrich "the Great". His brother, Heinrich, who was Count of Holstein before its integration, speaks of him, "My brother thought of himself a failure. Rarely are great men never beaten. His courage, his dedication, his spirit, allows the justification of his title. He will not be able to see us rebuild, but we will, we must, rebuild in his name.". Friedrich's son, also named Friedrich, is crowned Grand Duke of Hamburg. As he is still a young child, Grand Duchess Adelheid and Count Heinrich will rule in a regency. Their first order of business, beside rebuilding, is the status canal from the Baltic to the North Sea. They decide to postpone construction for at least five years.
 * Madagasikara completes the integration of Betsileo on Christmas of 1504, just as planned. King Esteban the Pious then proceeds to travel throughout his nation on the backs of horse, which have just begun to make their way in earnest to Madagasikara. The locals are amazed and are thoroughly impressed by the show of might of the Emperor. With the integration, Mtwara is transfered to Madagasikara as a direct vassal, as was planned. The Christian faith is strengthened by widespread love for Esteban, who is universally loved throughout Madagasikara, especially after resolving the al-Swahili dilemma without violence. The navy sees the addition of two new caravels, and work on a final "Tiavina-class" caravel is currently underway. The new ships, the Sakalava and the Sanafah hearken back to the two preceding states, and rumors have it that the final ship will be named the Betsileo. With the closure of the Canal at Philadelphi, trade with Europe falls off significantly for the first time, creating a minor economic slowdown, but trade with Alexandria, Ayutthaya, and especially Spain still continue. Urban cities like Mahajanga, Morondova, and Antsiranana continues to increase in population, as do the countrysides (especially in Christian Sakalavan communities). Military turn.
 * Mtwara and Pembara are integrated into Pembara this year. Pembara is therefore granted full vassal status, but is ruled by a governor of the King and not a local leader in what comes to be called the Provincial System. Culture continues to diffuse across the Mozambiquan Channel, as Christianity and Latininzed Malagasy spread rapidly. Sofala expands to the north as Mozambika heads south as defensive and infrastructural improvements are made along the frontiers.
 * Natigosteg L'nu: Continue to modernize using copied European technology. Eight more experimental ships are completed, although they are significantly smaller than carracks or naus, being more like xebecs. Gespeg's son Yaldan uses these ships to transfer 400 new colonists as well as huge volumes of trade goods to Ungava, which expands by 1000 km as a result. He returns with many furs. Although ill with cholera, which has devastated the population, Gespeg continues to promote his new religion among the population. Labrador expands by 5000 km northeast along the coast. The military, now largely outfitted with metal and even with some reindeer cavalry, raids the Innu, demonstrating their new power.  Peaceful influence on the Goose Bay Montagnais comes to its conclusion as they become a vassal. An ultimatum is sent to the Naskapi, threatening them with military destruction in two years if they do not submit to the L'nu. (Mod Response Needed).
 * Goose Bay Montagnais: After becoming vassalized, the Goose Bay Montagnais begin adopting domesticated reindeer and cows. They are able to expand 4000 km inland, along the OTL Churchill River, as a result.
 * County of Oldenburg: The Count is saddened by the Grand Duke of Hamburg's death, and orders a week of mourning. He is also proud of his daughter for her strength and her now guiding role in Hamburg. The economy is improved a bit. The "Second Expedition" to Hesperia is launched. The two ships follow the whaling fleet to Dietrichdorf before heading off to Neu Norderney. The ships land in the bay with the Oldenburger flagpost and plaque (otl location of Nain), and erect another of each, re-affirming Oldenburg's claim to the area. The ships then sail north, following the Neu Norderney coast northward, eventually coming to an immense bay, the size of a sea (otl Hudson Bay). The ships do not sail too far in before returning to Dietrichdorf.
 * Prince-Bishopric of Osnabruck: The Scottish Bishop is prevailed upon to sell one of his Saint Andrew relics. In honour of the acquisition, the Prince-Bishop orders a new church to be built; Saint Andrew's. It will be built in the most fashionable style. (Infrastructure turn). It is hoped that the relic and the new church will bring many pilgrims, thus expanding the economy.
 * Safavid Empire: We build up our military and navy. We continue to build walls and outposts around our capital city. The building of the biggest mosque in the nation is continuing now. Port cities are being rebuilt. More ships are being made for our navy. Our own version of guns are being made. Farming is becoming one of the most important industries, besides blacksmithy, trading and fishing. The building of the first college in the capital city is continuing. Guns are now mass produced in our country. We continue to make more woodblock printing presses for our libraries. Prototype cannons three feet long are continuing to be made. A trade route from our home country to Oirat is continuing to be mapped out. Foreign exchange banks are becoming popular in our country due to the ETA. (Eurasian Trade Agreement) Trade has increased due to the ETA. A new art form is continuing to be drawn. It is a mix of Safavid, Oirat, and Mughal art. Our art is continuing to be popular with all of the nation around us. The king accepts the offer from the Oyo king and likes what he is getting in return. We also ask the Oyo for an alliance. The addition of bringing slaves to our country help with the many building projects we are doing. Also we now have ivory to use in our country.
 * You SERIOUSLY don't understand what ivory is used for, do you?
 * Lombardy: Work continues on the Certosa di Pavia, the Castle Visconteo, and on the extensive Milan Cathedral. We continue training a proper standing army, utilizing Swiss mercenaries and local recruits. With border disputes now settled between the nations of Austria and Switzerland, we continue opening friendly relations with both nations in hopes of repairing our diplomatic relations and protecting our northern border. We continue constructing cogs and galleys to strengthen our navy and protect our interests on the seas. Our turn is dedicated to military in both our nation and our vassals. We continue vassalizing Wallis. We begin considering the creation of a new flag for our nation.
 * Novgorod: We continue the production of ships, cannons, muskets, advanced crossbows, swords, and composite bows, increasing our military capabilities in case of war. The nation’s training and advancement of military continues. The recent classes of Koch ships are being manufactured in Novgorod. The town of St Patriksburg’s population grows a bit more that last year. As the construction of the town improves, the Kremlin finishes, trade becoming more in demand, the town gains slightly. Because of the trade road built with Tver our economy increases. After seeing a great success with the private schools in the cities of Novgorod, St Patriksburg, Staraya Russa, and Nizhny Novgorod. We start building another private school in Rostov and Yaroslavl. We complete building private schools in Torzhok and a private school in Staraya Ladoga. We dedicate this turn to military. As fur traders and hunters begin to move into Karelia, the border is expanded 3000 sq mi directly to the north. We are pleased that peaceful terms have been met between us and Scandinavia, and we hope to improve relations in the future.
 * Tver: We complete the construction of the private school in Tver and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Yaroslavl, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Yaroslavl: We complete the construction of the private school in Yaroslavl and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Rostov: We completed the construction of the private school in Rostov and start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Yaroslavl, Muscovy. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Karelia: We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Austria: This turn in both our nation and in all our vassals is dedicated to military. We train and expand our military using new experience from recent wars, and grow our nation economically. In Morocco our position in Melilla is fortified. All fortifications around the region are rebuilt and manned by stationed guards in case of an attack. To protect Melilla the construction of a fortress outside the city is considered, although postponed for now. The port of Melilla is rebuilt to begin operation as a trade port and military outpost. Construction continues on a shipyard in the Melilla port to facilitate the construction and repair of friendly ships. Melilla is granted a permanent naval garrison in the city’s port to respond to dangers in the area, and to support the small garrison on land which mans the fortifications. Our position in Morocco is fortified by re-inforcements, bringing Melilla operational against attacks. For now, a small fleet is stationed in its harbor, while its garrison continues to hold the north and its supply lines, supporting our Christian brethren. With much of the Muslim population of Melilla left dead after the war against Morocco, the local government attempts to entice settlers by offering large quantities of land to Christian settlers. Many Europeans, particularly of German descent and/or from central Europe begin settling the area around Melilla. With finances from Augsburg-based banking establishments, the Trieste Company continues to launch expeditions to West Africa. Abrechtburg has grown to a decently sized settlement, supporting a population of farmers, traders and a small garrison of soldiers. The town also houses a well furbished fort, armed with a small amount of cannons intended to defend the settlement and the harbor from any attack. Built out of necessity, the port at Abrechtburg is refurbished and expanded to support more trade ships, and allied countries are welcomed to trade and stay in the town. The second largest settlement in Westenland, Dominusburg, follows suit, finishing the construction of a port similar to Abrechtburg ‘s. Trade posts continue to be built and exploited, now numbering several dozen along the coast of Westenland and into allied territory. Our reliance on the Wolof becomes less so, but we sign a trade agreement with their nation to continue our positive relationship. Deals are made with the Wolof for slaves and other goods. Conversion of the natives begin around the settlement. Several bimereiches and caravels begin construction in Trieste, Melilla, Corfu, and other ports,  to further facilitate and protect overseas trade. Trade is increased with the Grand Duchy of Bavaria and other trade partners, bringing about new avenues of trade and commerce. A third major settlement arises in Westenland, known as Rudolph (OTL Banjul), located just south of Abrechtsburg. Other major trade posts also arise farther south at Strom-Stadt  (OTL Bissau) and at Gründerburg (OTL Ziguinchor).
 * Pskov: continues to work on economy and poors mojney into both the China funds and into Scandinavia's economy. More Pskovian Trade outposts appear in Scandinavia, and the First Pskovian Bank opens in Stockholm and The Pskovian expedition to China goes as planned, and is going to return next year. Private peoiple continue buying ships from the shipyards to help with their potential gains in China and whatnot. Pskov gets a proposal to join the Treaty of Moscow, however, stays distant, as it initially fears the loss of its independence.
 * Did Crim even allow you to do all the things you're doing? <font color="#00AAE4">Sky Green 24 18:49, May 16, 2014 (UTC)
 * Yemen: We domesticate more camels as well as send soldiers to our ally Oman. We recruit more men for the military.
 * Netherlands Dip: The Dutch request to open trade with Yemen.
 * Netherlands: The Netherlands continue to expand their trade in Europe and Asia with the growing issues arising from the collapse of the canal and the fall of Venice. However, the continued expansion of Pskov trade causes tensions with the Dutch traders who have a great dislike for their main rivals in the baltic. Dutch traders begin harrassing Pskov merchants in ports where the Dutch have a large presence. Trade with Asia continues to grow as the new port city of Batavia acts as a centre for trade with the east indies while the outpost on the Maldives acts as a port to reach India easier. Dutch merchants continue to request greater access to the subcontinent to expand trade. military and naval expansion continue. The city of Batavia is fortified in response to the rebellion against the Thai. While the Dutch don't aid the Thai, they don't support the rebels either and offer to trade with either side. Trade continues to extend east and north, contact with the Austrialian "empire" occurs. The Dutch agree to all of Iontes offers and begin preparations. exploration of the New World continues. The arts and sciences continue to flourish and the wealthy get wealthier. The universities of the country continue to produce impressive intellectuals.
 * Netherlands Dip: Maurice I requests that a royal engagement be organized between his eldest son William and one of Elsa's daughters.
 * Rajya of Marwar: The military begins to expand and the nation begins to influence Jaisalmer (Year nine). During these events, Rao Raja Singh sends more architects from Marwar to the Mughal who would design Mandirs in the Mughal Empire and also for priests to spread Hinduism in the Mughal Empire. The nation also supports numerous marriages between members of the Rajput clans and Mughali noble families. (mil turn)
 * Mughal Empire: The mlitary of the nations is expanded and architects sent by Emperor-Khan Raja Singh ud-din Muhammad Bahadur issue the building of the already designed temples. The Mughali prosperity continues as the Eurasian trade agreement is set into motion. (mil turn) Former Emperor Mirza, traveling with Ladislaus, reaches Castile and wishes to visit the royal court, while he spent the last year exploring the lands of Castile he once more wishes to visit the royal court, to meet the leader of the nation.(Feud response)
 * Southern Chagatai (PSFSCK): The military is expanded
 * Bengal Sultanate: The decrease in taxes on the landed elite does its job in most areas of the Sultanate, decreasing the tax load on the peasantry and earning him their support. The tax cuts on the merchant class allow for more trade to be conducted, and a recent lax on some of the quota laws allows for more goods to be shipped from Bengal, greatly increasing trade income. Cash crops continue to be grown in large amounts. With our merchants traveling to Ava, Kamarumpa and Arakan regularly, Islam continues to grow in their areas. Most all trade roads continue
 * s to see much-needed maintenance. Due to Bengal having control over lands of multiple ethnicities and religions, literary works in the form of poems continue to take influence from all three religions of the Sultanate. Urdu, also called Hindi by some, becomes more common in the Sultanate due to the mixing of Hindu and Islamic ideals. We continue to help finance the Plutocratic State of Jaunpur, Delhi Sultanate and Bahamani Sultanate by sending gifts directly to the nobles/sultans, offering loans from powerful trade bankers, and decreasing the trade taxes over all of Bengal, allowing more of our merchant goods to travel into those states. We also raise a portion of the Sultan's personal levy and then divide it to be sent out to the states' leaders, so that they can do with them what they wish in order to maintain order in their nation. The construction of schools and universities several years ago has led to an increase in scholars and literacy in our nation. Due to the removal of trade barriers among a majority of states in the Indian League, their merchants and ours begin to travel with increased mobility and goods, thereby increasing the trade income and output in the agreeing nations. Several Bengali merchants continue to sponsor gem mines in the Mogok area of Ava, due to the high concentration of gems such as rubies, sapphires, garnets and moonstones, and the first of many mines begin to return with more successes. Construction of ships based upon Castilian designs, granted to us by them, continues, in order to further our efforts to explore and trade. Several popular works of poetry, written in Urdu, are bought and stored by the Sultan within his palace in Pandua due to him favoring these particular works over poetic works written in Bengali. Inspired by the recent tale of forgiveness displayed by the Indian nations with the Mughal Empire, a Bengali poet by the name of Brā'una prabala-bāẏu completes the work of his epic and it quickly begins to be reproduced by various scholars, and is given the title: . A new deposit of Iron ore is discovered in western Bengal, leading to an increased supply of Iron.
 * ​Emirate of Andamana: Illyas-Sasaska continues to reclaim land on the island to make room for farms, and to have timber for building both boats and houses. The Emirate expands another 500 km onto the island. The ships built by the timber from the island help contribute to Bengali trade. Continues working on economy and infrastructure.
 * Rajya of Orissa: Kapilendra Deva continues to listen to his advisers and bring about several reforms to his nation that make it more Islamic friendly, one of which is new, and calls for the creation of one mosque for each Hindu temple in the name of tolerance, when in reality, his advisers have prescribed this to bring about larger Islamic influence. The new University of Bhubanēśbara (Bhubaneswar) finishes construction and now houses several classes ranging from literature to economics.
 * Swargadeo of Kamarupa: Now vassalized by Bengal, the Swargadeo of Ahom continues to receive extensive help in creating viable farmland. They do this by continuing a process of land reclamation in the northern part of the state, which is largely marshy and thinly populated. This process of reclamation begins by using dikes, embankments and irrigation systems. The land reclamation, having been going on for decades, is extremely successful in creating viable farmland for rice, grain and other staple crops, increasing Kamarupa's population and their yearly trade output.'
 * Hesse: Our armies are triumphant in Hamburg. The occupying forces march around city streets, the Hessen Gloria Marsch being played. Princess-Regent Eva, seeking to re-center the administration physically in the country, moves all administrators and nobles back to Ludwigsburg. The city of Karlen is largely abandoned, as it had no self-sufficient qualities. Its large castle and complex wall system which divides Trier and Hesse are used only by a garrison of military units. We continue to make improvements on Neu Lippe and our outpost, which is named 'Neu Bruchhausen'. We continue vassalizing Berg (Turn Four of Five).
 * Rumania: Stephen, now 29, continues to work on improving the economy. Iron, salt and coal mines dot the landscape. Coal begins to become a major resource produced. These mines provide the resources required by the foundries and traders on the coast. The Danube becomes a highway of commerce, hundreds of barges travel up and down its length transporting people, materials, goods, and ideas. As much as 9% of the nation has reached basic literacy, and the Moralists promote education of commoners by priests, in order to give everyone the opportunity to read the bible. Education among the elite is becoming much more common.
 * The Consulate of Bulgaria: The economy continues to grow. The printing press spreads south into Bulgaria just as in Rumania. Ties with Rumania are strengthened; hundreds of Romanians move into the country, seeking cheap and productive land, and inter-marriage becomes very common. Bulgarians also begin to migrating to trade towns in Romania to seek more economic opportunities. Bulgarian populations in Rumania now represent a large minority, and the same can be said about Romanians in Bulgaria. Ethnic tensions are uncommon in both nations as multi-ethnic communities existed before the large migrations.
 * Fusahito Theocracy: The Emperor continues with his personal campaign against the slave trade, partly as a moral crusade, but also as a way to limit the power of the feudal lords and as a symbolic representation of the strength of the Theocracy. The religious police continue to crack down on  the slave trade, with full authority to arrest, interrogate and punish anybody suspected of opposing the Emperor's decrees - including the nobility. Imperial warships continue to patrol the coasts of the Theocracy, with any ship and crew found to be carrying slaves used as forced labour in the Imperial navy. After seven years of strengthening links between the Theocracy and the Yamana clan, the Yamana daimyo agrees to be adopted into the Fusahito family. As the Emperor has no direct decendants due to his pledge to remain unmarried since the suicide of his wife, the Yamana Daimyo becomes the next in line to the throne, with the Yamana state a high status vassal of the Theocracy.  The war draws to an end against the Ryukyu Kingdom, with troops from the Theocracy annexing the island of Amami Oshima, around one fifth of the Ryukyu land. Other than those staying on the island to enforce Imperial power, troops are withdrawn from the islands, with the Emperor believing that he has achieved all of his main objectives. After this demonstration of Fusahito power, the Emperor calls again for the King to reject the slave trade, or to suffer further consequences. Mod response please.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire continues to expand trade west to compensate for the trade lost from the canal and the war with Venice. Most of the new lands' economies began to function as they did before and export many raw materials and luxury goods to the west, increasing the income of the Empire. Trade expands in the north thanks to the patronage of Scandinavia, and some merchants begin to consider the New World as a possible market for new trade goods. Plans to explore the New World are made but none are acted upon at this moment. The infrastructure of the new lands is also improved, repairing the roads and fortifications in them. Most of the lands have become fully integrated within the Roman Empire save for its vassals gained from the war. Research into better naval ships continues, and the first of a new breed of ships begins construction at Constantinople. Thomas I travels to the Tartary to attend the funeral of Theodore.
 * Albania: The new lands are further integrated within the kingdom, and Albanians in the new lands continue to celebrate the unification of their lands to that of an independent Albanian state.
 * Epirus: In Epirus, the republican structure of government is disbanded by the occupying Roman army and replaced by a Roman council to help faciliate governing. The fortifications of the region continue to be rebuilt.
 * Naxos: The Duke continues to export many trade goods for the wealth of the Empire while still seeking to gain enough influence to survive the impending annexation of the Duchy.
 * Ragusa: With the war now conclusively over, trade blooms as silver, wax, wine, and other trade goods are exported throughout the west. Although the state is a protectorate of the Romans, the government of the republic seeks to make Ragusa a great trade power as Venice and Genoa once were.
 * Castile:   King Ferdinand unable to resist the opportunity of the new lands heard of immediately commissions more trading companies to cross the seas and scout out these new lands. Leaving from multiple points the fleets reach the new lands and immediately go their separate ways. One fleet, the smallest of the three composing of seven ships, sails south mapping and cataloguing go much farther south than they believed finding a huge natural harbor. This hints to these men to be the perfect place for a trade outpost as well as a city in the future.. The Colony of Buenos Aires expands by (15 px) up the coast and establishes a captaincy farther south with a small colonial town of barely 80-100 people (5 px). The Castilian populace reaches about ten million and growing. The Spanish army of Castile and Aragon continues to push deep into Mayan territory taking their capital and working its way to other Mayan cities. The Castilian monarchy sends an envoy to preside over the war and any treaties in Germany. The Kingdom itself begins to expand its armed forces to nearly 80,000 and sends more military ships to Monaco to protect it from any aggression. The Castilian forces begin training exercizes. The Navy also begins to make serious advances in technology and armed attack formations along with its pushes out into the wide seas. The Colony of Buenos Aires reaches a population of about 8000 and growing with the first families and women showing up. Castilian exploration ships begin exploring south to check out farther down the coast and look for the southern edge of the continent. Alexis of Castile has twins, Named Ferdinand, and Phillip. In this, however, King Ferdinand is killed in a hunting accident and with his brother overseas with no interest in the throne this leaves Alexis to take the throne. Many Protest due to her gender but when she personally kills an assassin and ruthlessly hunts down the conspirators more respect is garnered. Charles of Austria is her King Consort.


 * Kingdom of Aragon:  With Castilian assistance various infrastructural areas are rebuilt and the military is expanded to a token force of 10,000. Along with this support the Aragonian economy recovers slowly with a slow but controlled influx of Castilian economic aid helping Aragon recover. The ruling magistrate over Aragon signs a landmark trade deal with Castile which allows for Aragon's usage of Castile's large amounts of trade posts down the coast of Africa. The Aragonians now in control of the Spanish South African trading company fund the creation of the expansion of the Trade outpost into a formal colony to be settled much like Morocco and Granada were by Castile. The Colony of Cape Ferdinand expands 10 px up the coast and expands the captaincy down the coast now covering the mouth of the Orange River on the coast (5 px). It's mostly populated by Castilians who are the main people moving to the colonies. Aragon's population continues to be culturally integrated with the next generation speaking primarily Spanish with Catalan being phased out by the newer generation. Aragon recognizes Alexis of Castile as their Queen.
 * Kingdom of Cyprus:  Cyprus gaining large funds from being a Castilian trade hub, begins building a few ships domestically, and purchases ships from Castile, or her allies shipwrights forming a respectable Cypriot navy of almost 90 ships with expected expansion to come. This expansion has been achieved specifically thanks to huge amounts of outsourcing to private shipwrights. Cyprus begins to see an exodus of the Knights Hospitaller west to Castile and her territories and King Matthias begins a larger recruitment for the military managing to raise a force of nearly 10,000. This force is largely funded through the large trade Cyprus has gathered. The troops are styled after Castile's royal army and Cyprus embarks on an intense training program in order to bring them up to standards. The Knights, with many departing, also have many older and other knights stay due to their close ties with Cyprus. They remain to run the Knights Hospitaller in Cyprus for the foreseeable future while a large number have migrated across the sea. The Kingdom of Cyprus due to the recent issues in Castile reluctantly recognizes Carlos and his Regency for Prince Ferdinand. Cyprus itself with its fleet of nearly 100 ships begins to take after the Venetian example with trade and begins to put Cypriot merchant ships into state possession for trade in order to help with the kingdom's finances and heavy trade. This show immediate results as a relative increase in funding and attention to trade between Castile and her allies begins to improve the quality of trade. The Assassins Guild sets up in Cyprus looking to prevent issues in the kingdom with corruption and serving as their base into Muslim countries. The King of Cyprus on his deathbed declares that a vote by the nobles on whether to join Castile will be held and a public forum will be held on what the people think of this.
 * Kingdom of Morocco:  The country begins the construction of various canals and cultivates trees farther inland to help increase arable farmland. The Moroccan economy continue to expand with greater trade coming from Castile and the Canaries all the way down to Capo Verde increasing the relative wealth. The Kingdom with many canals having been completed has vastly expanded its farmland among other things. Morocco's total population reaches one million with Christianity becoming dominant in the area. Calne-Vicuna is finished and is opened as an center for Christianity in North Africa with a library said to rival old Alexandria's. The Moroccan Assassins Guild forms and spreads keeping the peace and killing the corrupt as well as making Morocco much more peaceful for Castilian Rule. The Kingdom of Morocco officially enters into a personal union with Castile following the magistrates and princes deeming it unneccesary for the King to not have full control in the country. The Magistrates, however, are fully re-instated to continue as they were just under direction of the King of Castile.
 * Kongo:  The Kingdom begins to work toward a trade and production economy focusing on helping provide resources for Castile's burgeoning West African trade network. The King of the Kongo converting to Christianity and being baptised begins to call for the expansion of ports to the best of the Kongolese architects' abilities. With the King also adopts the name John, in favor of the king who began these exploratory operations down the coast of Africa. The King also organized a band of Christian soldiers who help keep the peace who also begin to help with conversions to Christianity as a series of missionaries and high level priests from the Western Church have come on a ship hearing of many pagans and heretics to convert. The King makes multiple successful campaigns against various of the petty kings in Kongo killing two of them and leaving the third on the run. The Christianization of multiple areas is completed and multiple others are begun. The Kingdom of the Kongo in an attempt to increase economic output and trade begins to export a moderate amount of raw materials to Castile and begins to push toward heavy exploitation methods if possible.
 * Mapuche: With the defeat by the Spanish a royal governor is appointed by the Castilians. The governor immediately goes to work to prevent his workforce from being killed by disease and to prevent revolts and by immediately marching groups of about 1000 people to the colonial capital. These people are immediately transferred onto available ships and throughout the year are sent up the coast via Spanish ships to a location unknown to the Mapuche. The royal governor also makes it imperative for the territory to extend to the coast expanding 1500 sq km to the south east. The Mapuche also continue to see major issues from European contact are given orders to isolate themselves if they are sick to prevent further expansion of the disease. The governor also manages to gain a force of about 200 as a garrison.  The Mapuche people begin to see the first mixed children between Spanish and Mapuche people. The Spanish institute the Ecomienda system. However, the Spanish governor, in order to keep control of the people, orders the Spanish heads of the system to treat the natives fairly in order to prevent mass deaths from overworking and resentment. Spanish farming techniques have definitely prevented starvation as the Mapuche continue to expand towards the coast building a road to connect it all. The Spanish governor, also using the local Mapuche as scouts, is able to expand much more than the Buenos Aires colony and uses this to his advantage to secure more land to be able to turn over to Spanish settlers.
 * Maya: With the outright collapse of the Mayan government complete the Spanish institute a royal governor who assumes command of the troops. The Mayan armed forces have been all but wiped out and the Spanish along with their native auxiliaries begin the absolute wipe out of their armed forces and securing of multiple cities and settlements. Many of the villages are left completely ransacked. However, an insightful priest says that destroying the cities will result in long term resentment that could never be repaired and instead they should be made Spanish-Maya hybrid. The new Royal Governor seeing wisdom in this declares that the cities will not be ransacked and a moderate tribute of gold and silver is demanded by the Spanish. The 2000 troops remain in the country and begin to establish areas along the coast suitable for Spanish settlement. The military and economy of the Maya under Spain is developed and roads are upgraded to Spanish standards. An expected expansion program is to be undertaken in the next few years.
 * Tawatinsuyu: Economy is iprovedThe size of the army hits 21,000. Cuzco, Machu Picchu, and Chan Chan are developed further, populations of these cities hits 202,000, 92,000, and 117,000 respectively. Population across the empire hits 1,259,000. Reformation of the farming system continues as crops produce better yields. Research into medicine and Sciences continues, with advancements being made allowing for greater care of the sick and injured. Rebuilding and building continues across the empire. Culture merging continues. The empire is now divided into four districts, Cuzco-suyu (the area formerly known as the Kingdom of Cuzco) Aymara-suyu (the territories conquered in the two Cuzcan-Aymaran wars) Nazca-Suyu (area perviously known as the Ica-Nazca) and Chimu-suyu (the Ica-Nazca's northern vassals). Each of these districts acts similar to a state, with regional rulers being appointed by the Sapa-Inca. The process of culture blending begins to show effects, as Cuzcans live across the emipire now, taking there culture with them. While Cuzcans are the largest ethnic group (~48%) they still do not make up 50% of the empire. The other ethnic groups are:Nazca (~19%), Chimu (~19%), Wankan (~9%) Aymara (~4%) and Other (2%). Cuzcan remains the fastest growing ethnic group. The enslavement of the Aymara people begins once again, though the ethnic purging is left out of the old formula.
 * France: Military, navy and economy are built up. The colony continues expanding with a small population of 2500 among both of the settlements and growing by 250 sq km. While this, explorers begin scouting the region reaching OTL Gulf of Uraba. Vassalization of the Auriennes (Turn Four of Seven/Eight) continues. The colonizations of the Aurienne coast continues spreading from New Orleans to the west, and from Sableville towards the west into the Veniselle Bay. While this, the control of Trier begins the blockade of the plans of France into a fully unified Gaul. However, leaving Belgium and Rhenish Territory under the Netherlands control to them as they are allies worthy of support.
 * Burgundy: Military and navy are built up. following France's declaration the Burgundians follow and invade the war leading several armies to cross the border with Trier.
 * Bourbon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Lorraine: Military and economy are built up. following France's declaration, Lorraine follows and invade the war leading several armies to cross the border with Trier.
 * Verdun: Military and economy are built up.
 * Saluzzo: Military and economy are built up.
 * Sardinia: Military and economy are built up. The population reaches 300 thousand once again. most of them Sardinians (41%) followed by the French (38%) and the Carthaginians (French Tunisians) (18%) and the remaining 3% of other groups.
 * Basel: Military and economy are built up.
 * Aargau: Military and economy are built up. The French presence begins to be felt. However, the attempts to establish a pro-Germanic government in order to avoid eventual uprisings, internal vassalization begins as well to fully convince German leadership.
 * Andorra: Military and economy are built up.
 * Africa: Military and economy are built up.
 * Trier: Military and economy are built up.
 * Julich: Military and economy are built up.
 * Zweibrucken: Military and economy are built up.
 * Burjid Sultanate: Last year, as a result of the Sultan's Mosque Model's policy, there was instability across the nation as the transition was being made from the previous system to the new system. As a result rebels rose up, which included those who supported the previous system and those who were trying to take advantage of the sitatioun. Fortunately the rebellion was put down and now nation wide construction of mosques continues. The Sultan also gives direct orders to his son to maintain the city of Damascus, especially its great Mosque. Infrastructure build up also continues.
 * Hungary and all its vassals and puppets and states in personal union work on expanding their armed forces. There is an increase in trading between them all, along with increased trading with Moscovy and thus allows economic growth. Road construction also continues as for greater trade, better infrastructure is needed. Hungary also focuses highly on building better naval ships and upgrading old ships as well as putting many obsolete ships into retirement. Hungary demobilised many men after training them in a bid to make sure everything remains stable along with provide the men to work the field and harvest the grain once it has grown. This allows harvest levels to reach new highs as better practices have lead to increased yields. With Rome now allowing Hungary to use its ports at various locations, the large fleet can finally be brought into harbour at various points along the coast. However, Sigismund soon realises he needs to spread out his huge new fleet, and decides to send a good number of ships north to reside in the ports built in Scandinavian lands but owned by Hungary. After his visit from the Tartary, he realises it is a fascinating place and thus sends diplomats to travels the vast lands of the Tartary and report information about the nation. Tensions with Rome begin to subdue and normality returns, but the former Doge and various Venetian Families are aghast and angry with the actions of Rome. Sigismund soon begins a project of merging the ships present in the large fleet which has been taken control of, so that ships only worthy of inter-Med travelling could travel in the rough North Sea and such, as well as head south along the coast of Africa. For this, shipyards all along the coast of Hungary begin to work on stripping down the ships and working to rebuild them into much larger vessels using all (or as much as can be used) of the wood from the previous ships. This means that original construction projects take a backseat as a few hundred ships are broken down and begin to be rebuilt into much larger vessels. Sigismund also plans on sending a fleet to explore the coast of Africa and travel southward. Deregyles also return from Greenland, stating they have seen lands in the far distance and the Northern Oceans Company begins to ask for increased supplies and funds to complete more exploration.
 * Aztec Empire: With the disease ravaging the people. We ask for medical assistance from the Spanish arrivers, as well as offer them much gold which we have stocked up for the past 20 years. The infrastructure is expanded. Emperor Cuachtemoc begins to grow old and sees to it that Quatzecoatl and his eldest son manage the empire, if he should die. The population has dropped massively from 5.5 million to three million. Losing Atlocuapo and northern regions of Atotonilco, have been catastrophic. We begin rebuilding some of the military bases, as nature has begun to intertwine itself inside it. The large arrays of hospitals are cherised. The people look to Emperor Cuachtemoc, who like his uncle, Montezuma II, favors one god, quite similar to these foreigners. Whom believe in "Christianity" or that's what the word sounds like, Kriss-shirt-sanctity, have been thoughts that that is what it's called. The Emperor opens his people up to the idea of a new religion, and the majority of the capital, begin to grow warm to it.
 * Alexandriaand Aiguptia: Trade continues to increase as the ports are re-established. More people are converted to Coptic Christianity due to the See of Saint Mark's presence. Many Muslims reconsider their faith seeing the prosperity that Christians live in. Resources are sent to Aiguptia to maintain and protect the canal as that process continues and workers are encouraged to go seek out this opportunity. The economy continues to pick up as trade expands to SE Asia. . The land acquired from Yemen by the Red Sea continues to see a port town established for sailors and merchants to rest before going into the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean, there is a medium increase in population as more people look to get into the trade business and travel from Castile and the Netherlands requires a stop for their sailors. In the province of Judea soldiers are to protect both Christian, Islamic and Jewish pilgrimages. Small amounts of conversions in Judea take place mainly converting Christians and Muslims to Coptic Christianity. Alexandria moves troops into the south as the region is to keep the region calm and free of revolt. OTL Goa and Karachi continue to become a massive destination for Alexandrian trades and relationships continued to be established. Grigorios's engineers continue plans of a reconstructed lighthouse on the cite of the citadel. Relations are continued with the nation Vijaynagar, an we continue establish more posts along the coast, especially at Goa. Immigration from traders and trading families increases to the trade enclaves in Alexander's Strait and the Somali enclaves. Alexandria's soldiers are sent to fight the rebels in the south and in Cairo. Asks fellow Christian nations in Nubia and Eastern Europe for assistance to end the islamic revolt. The Red Sea Trade Company is formed in order to deal with states along the Red Sea and creating safe and constant trade in the area. It is owned by the Great Eastern Sea Trade Co and is also a royal charter from Kafta and Grigorios. Expansion occurs into Sinai 100 px. Vassalization of Makuria and Alodia begins (Turn Three) It is revealed that Kyricos actually died in the Islamic Aiguptian War. GIrgoriois steps down as king and Kafta takes control of the nation as he had been before as well as marrying Kyricos's widow Anistasia. Girgorios will serve as an advisor  to Kafta.
 * Ethiopia: Grigorios and Kafta begins creating and developing relationships with local leaders. Shortly after the treaty everyone settles back into normal lifestyles. Soldiers are sent to Alexandria. Kafta becomes the ruler. Inf Turn.
 * Cyrencia: Is put under semi autonomy in a vassal state relationship. Naval ports are built. Conversions occur. Inf Turn.

1505
Pope Alexander V commissions a famous Italian artist to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in the Holy See of Rome.

Native Africans raid the Malagasy colonies in several areas, impeding some of their growth.
 * Portugal: Continues a notable buildup in military strength and allows for a vigorous training program on the existing military forces attempting to train them up heavily. Meanwhile, the administration continues to be reformed, and agriculture and commerce are encouraged. Meanwhile, Portugal continues to develop its navy. Meanwhile, Portuguese traders continue visiting the Castilian settlements in the Canaries. Meanwhile, wheat continues to be cultivated in Leiname. By this time, the colony in Leiname starts to export wheat to Portugal. Meanwhile, some Portuguese explorers continue to explore the African coast. The Açores continue to be settled. Meanwhile, the new ships that been developed, called naus, and that are similar to the Castilian carracks, begin to be used. Naval explorations directed to the west continue, after news that new lands may have been found there. Meanwhile, Santa Cruz expands north by 1000 sq km. Meanwhile, pau-brasil (brazilwood) starts to be extracted in the colony.
 * Grand Duchy of Bavaria: Bavaria expands its military. The population continues to rise. Grand Duke Franz-Albert and his council continue to allow the training of new troops. Several markets are constructed in Landshut as well as trade houses for Austrian and Castilian traders. In Austria, several new ships begin being constructed, with twenty-five very large cogs being finished, and by 1505 a trade route is put in place. Such important places in the trade route include Rome, Athens, Constantinople, Gibraltar, and the coasts of Brittany, due to a longstanding trade deal. Continuing in 1505, Franz-Albert commissions six cogs to sail around western Mediterranean coasts. The market center in Landshut continues to attract Bavarian and Venetian traders. In religious news, around 76% of the country adheres to the Western Church. Most adherents live around Munchen and Landshut. In other news, Bavaria continues implementing the Alliance and Merchant Act as well as the Militia and Navy Act. As Grand Duke, Franz-Albert continues hosting a largely Venetian court. However, many Bavarian families have intermingled with the Venetians, creating a distinct social class and identity. In national news, the common courts continue to be implemented around Bavaria as several of the lower class make use it of. The serf laws begin to be used as well. Skeptics who theorized that the serf laws would mark no profound change in society begin to be proven wrong. In 1504, as many as one hundred and sixty serfs sue for their freedom. Franz-Albert begins to ponder a law that would fully abolish slavery, seeing how it has more or less deteriorated in Bavaria. The wild unpopularity of these laws begin to wear off as well. Franz-Albert further incorporates the Collegiate Writs, allowing many more lower class men to enter college. In legal news, Franz-Albert continues implementing the Bavarian Commands. Franz-Albert sends letters around Europe, pertaining to a royal marriage for both Charles (8) and Margaret (7). In diplomatic news, Franz-Albert continues to be wary of the recent war against Trier and Hamburg. Franz-Albert receives the national census taken last year and orders administrators to carefully review the information before the census is issued next year. In Saxony, Elisabeth tours around the country and makes efforts to quell any posibility for revolt or dissent. She announces the succession laws for both Saxony and Thuringia would be left untouched and that native Saxon and Thuringian nobles could find themselves comfortably involved in politics so they wish. Elisabeth continues normalizing tax levies and begins instituting several aspects of the Collegiate Writs into Saxony and Thuringia, incorporating them so they apply to local monastic schools and smaller colleges. Despite her efforts, many of the native Saxons and Thuringians are still somewhat wary of her rule, and the ultimate rule of Franz-Albert. Most begin to accept it however, and any seething anti-Bavarian groups are a small minority.
 * Munchen: By 1505, the total class of Queen Isabell University amounts to about 4610 men. Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The Collegiate Writs begin to draw more men to college.
 * Straubing: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Ingolstadt: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burgau: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Nurnburg: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burggrafschaft: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Bamberg: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Wurzburg: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. A religious change begins occurring in Wurzburg upon the ascension of Franz-Albert, where many more Western Christians begin inhabiting the bishopric. The clergy begins being alarmed and they fear displacement. An envoy dispatched by Franz-Albert attempts to quell their fears.
 * Thuringia: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert and Countess Elisabeth continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Countess Elisabeth normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion.
 * Saxony: Troops authorized by Franz-Albert and Countess Elisabeth continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Countess Elisabeth normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion.
 * Aztec Empire: With the disease ravaging the people. We ask for help from Spain, offering gold. The infrastructure is expanded. Emperor Cuachtemoc begins to grow old and sees to it that Quatzecoatl and his eldest son manage the empire, if he should die. The population has dropped massively from 5.5 million to three million. Losing Atlocuapo and northern regions of Atotonilco, have been catastrophic. We begin rebuilding some of the military bases, as nature has begun to intertwine itself inside it. The large arrays of hospitals are cherised. The people look to Emperor Cuachtemoc, who like his uncle, Montezuma II, favors one god, quite similar to these foreigners. Who believe in "Christianity" or that's what the word sounds like, Kriss-shirt-sanctity, have been thoughts that that is what it's called. The Emperor opens his people up to the idea of a new religion, and the majority of the capital, begin to grow warm to it. We ask the Emperor Tlaco II to continue our prosperous alliance which has lasted over 100 years.
 * The Kingdoms of Great Albion (Scotland and England) - member nation of the UKGA: Many ships are modernized and replaced to keep the Royal Albion Navy a powerful forces on the high seas. Port Edmundburg continues to experience a growth in population. Albionic settlers continue to explore the surrounding areas. The dialect of English originally found in Scotland and the Eire grows so large that it covers most of the North of England. This new dialect is called Bythigish (portmanteau of Brython and English). English nobles begin to enjoy the Celtic myths of Eire and Scotland. The Templar Order continues to undercut the King's enemies and seeks ways to privately grow the power of the King and Albion as a whole. The Order buys up many smaller businesses and collectivizes some farms. The Order begins to expand into other areas of Europe, seeking to grow understanding as well as pushing Albionic ideals. Albion continues to explore  farther west and south Economic aid is sent to our Scandinavian allies, though limited due to pressing domestic issues. A Clockmaker from Cambridge becomes popular for his accurate timepieces and the exquiste wood housing. He creates a chime for the St Mary's Cathedral, the chimes are called the Cambridge Chimes (OTL Westminster Quarters aka Big Ben's chime). The Chimes become so popular, other clockmakers incorporate the chimes into their clocks. The Crown Dominion of Hamburg does well this year, as an influx of trade begins to repair the wounds of several wars. The English Rennessaince is born when several painters in London show off some impressive works.
 * Calais: Military and navy are expanded.
 * Dublin: Dublin undergoes another remodel and expansion to the ports due to the massive influx of trade from Castile and Venice as well as an increased Eire trade.
 * Scotland: Expands navy and military. Pan Albion sentiments grow, Trade increases. Whiskey is traded down to central Albion.
 * Wales: Wales expands its military and navy. Cardiff becomes a large centre of trade for Wales. The Welsh appoint Adam Cyrdger as Royal Minister. The first sessions of parliament are held. Wales does not see as large a population boom as Albion or Scotland, but a minor one, centered around Cardiff and Swansea, does occur.
 *  Port Edmundburg expands by 1000 sq km. The African colonists begin looking toward mining and other ventures to generate profit.
 * New Cambridgeshire: New Cambridgeshire expands by 1000 sq km. Colonists begin to explore around the region and begin to have a large fishing boom. The Port of New Rotham is expanded to handle excess ships from Albion and other European nations. The people of New Rotham also begin an attempt to gain knowledge of farming in Borealia from Native Peoples. 
 * Natigosteg L'nu Dip: The Natigosteg L'nu request tea and millet plants, as well as cows and chickens and offer maize, melons, peppers and turkeys in return.
 * Albionic Dip: Albion grants the request and is pleased with the continued trade and co-operation.
 * Bavarian Dip: In an effort to further positive relations between Albion and Bavaria, Grand Duke Franz-Albert petitions the King of Albion for a royal marriage with either the Grand Duke's son Charles (8) or his daughter Margaret (7).
 * Albionic Dip: Prince Andrew (third in line to throne) aged 13 would accept a marriage request.
 * Bavarian Dip: Franz-Albert accepts this offer. However, requests that Margaret may retain a Bavarian household (i.e. retain her tutors and ladies in waiting) when she comes to live in Albion.
 * Eire (Member Nation of the UKGA): Eoghan O'Briain, intrigued by tales of a western land, goes on another voyage in a fleet of six ships sponsored by the King Tomas II, who has attained the title recently gained the title "the Enterprising" for his sponsorship of merchant-class enterprises and especially voyages of exploration. O'Briain is granted a charter by the Eiric Exploration company and gathers a group of traders, adventurers, farmers, and fortune seekers and establishes the colony Nuaphail at OTL Dalhousie (Newpale in English, after the barrier that surrounds the main town which reminds the Irish of the old barrier dividing English Ireland and Irish Ireland, only ironically, the Irish are the ones inside the Pale this time), with the main city being known as Nua Luimneach (New Limerick), as the area it is settled on is akin to the Eiric city of Limerick. Meanwhile, the military is built up, after the Scandinavian War, and bitterness rises against Hamburg and the HRE. The pidgin language that has been spoken in the port cities of Eire that is related to Brythenglish becomes an official language of Eire, with it being entitled "Albionic". Our explorers discover much of the land between OTL Cape Cod and Labrador, and claim it for the UKGA and all aligned native tribes. A map is drafted of these regions. Galway becomes the main center for Western trade and colonization.
 * Kingdom of Hyrcania: King Farbod Bavandid continues to reform the civil service system. With the reforms and increased civil service jobs, the amount of people working for the government and within the bureaucracy has increased. The King also continues reforming the military command structure, increasing its efficiency. He also looks into importing better military technology. The King continues to expand the capital of Rast, building more builiding more government buildings and housing structures, though later into the year the building projects are mainly just finishing off the current construction plans. The King converts to Zoroastrianism, hoping to increase national unity within the nation, combined with the fact that he was already interested in the religion. He takes a daughter of one of the Zoroastrian villages within the mountains as his wife, hoping to further unite him with the Zoroastrian populace of his nation. In hope of spreading the religion throughout the nation, the King starts the process of translating the Zoroastrian holy texts, such as the Avesta, into the many languages of Hyrcania. After his marriage, the King declares himself Shah of Verkana, taking it as his official title. The King also sends trade pacts to both the Safavid Empire and the Kingdom of Georgia.
 * Prussia: The Prussians begin to develop their military. The Prussians continue to build their new navy.
 * Courland: The Curonians also continue developing their military.
 * Estland: Ossel-Wiek also continues developing their military. Duke Franz continues to reshape the face of Arensburg.
 * Madagasikara completes the left over step from integration of Betsileo. Following Esteban's travel by horseback, culture pervades into the backcountry even more. The Christian faith is strengthened by widespread love for Esteban. The alliance with al-Swahili is reinstated. The navy continues to grow. Recovery after the collapse of the Canal at Philadelphi has been achieved, due to trade with Alexandria, Ayutthaya, and especially Spain still continue. Urban cities like Mahajanga, Morondova, and Antsiranana continues to increase in population, as do the countrysides (especially in Christian Sakalavan communities). Economy turn.
 * Sofala stops expansion to the north as Mozambika stops going south due to natives. The well prepared army is sent into the region and wages small campaigns as defensive and infrastructural improvements are made along the frontiers. Meanwhile, culture emanates from Sofala and Pembara.
 * County of Oldenburg: The OHG sends a few ships to the long-overlooked joint Oldenburg-Hesse outpost in Africa, now known as Neu Bruchhausen. They carry supplies, a new Oldenburger governor, some soldiers and, of course, trading merchandise. The ships return laden with ivory and small amounts of gold. Two converted black men who have excelled in the missionary school and are fluent in German also sail with the ships. They sail as free men, and upon their arrival in Oldenburg, they attend a seminary (thanks to letters of recommendation from the Vicar of Neu Bruchhausen). The men naturally attract some attention. In other news, the OHG's whaling fleet makes its annual whaling trip from Oldenburg-Neu Baltrum-Neu Borkum. A small portion of the fleet splits off and arrives in Flagpost Bay in Neu Norderney (Happy Valley Goose Bay in Labrador). They use the bay as a temporary camp whilst whaling off the Neu Norderney coast. They are only there a week before sailing back to Dietrichdorf, Neu Borkum.
 * Prince-Bishopric of Osnabruck: Work continues on Saint Andrew's City Church.
 * France: Military, navy and economy are built up. The colony continues expanding with a small population of 2500 among both of the settlements and growing by 250 sq km. While this, explorers begin scouting the region reaching OTL Gulf of Uraba. Vassalization of the Auriennes (Turn Five of Seven/Eight) continues. The colonizations of the Aurienne coast continues spreading from New Orleans to the west, and from Sableville towards the west into the Veniselle Bay. While this, the control of Trier begins the blockade of the plans of France into a fully unified Gaul. However, leaving Belgium and Rhenish Territory under the Netherlands control to them as they are allies worthy of support.
 * Burgundy: Military and navy are built up. following France's declaration the Burgundians follow and invade the war leading several armies to cross the border with Trier.
 * Bourbon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Lorraine: Military and economy are built up. following France's declaration, Lorraine follows and invade the war leading several armies to cross the border with Trier.
 * Verdun: Military and economy are built up.
 * Saluzzo: Military and economy are built up.
 * Sardinia: Military and economy are built up. The population reaches 300 thousand once again. most of them Sardinians (41%) followed by the French (38%) and the Carthaginians (French Tunisians) (18%) and the remaining 3% of other groups.
 * Basel: Military and economy are built up.
 * Aargau: Military and economy are built up. The French presence begins to be felt. However, the attempts to establish a pro-Germanic government in order to avoid eventual uprisings, internal vassalization begins as well to fully convince German leadership.
 * Andorra: Military and economy are built up.
 * Africa: Military and economy are built up.
 * Trier: Military and economy are built up.
 * Julich: Military and economy are built up.
 * Zweibrucken: Military and economy are built up.
 * Natigosteg L'nu: Cholera strikes Natigosteg, devastating the population. Thousands fall victim to it, and many flee the island for Labrador and Ungava. As a result, Labrador expands 5000 km inland. Ungava also expands 1000 km along the coast south eastward. A proper harbour has now been constructed at Ungava, meaning that ships can be based out of the town. These ships discover that the tribes around the bay have thousands of tons of valuable furs, as well as a great quantity of walrus ivory. They trade for this. Dozens of ships have now been built, and work is begun on a pair of larger ships similar to European carracks. Most of the military, now numbering about 2000, is reorganized as cavalry. The warriors sent to Europe return, with some knowledge of modern infantry tactics, and begin retraining  the remainder of the military along European lines as pikemen. Meanwhile, Gespeg dies of cholera. His son Yaldan becomes leader of the Natigosteg L'nu. He begins to style himself as a European monarch, but, due to his nation's status as an Albionic protectorate, feels it more prudent to call himself Duke of the Natigosteg L'nu and not set himself up as equal in status to the King of Albion. Many of the populace, terrified by political and disease-created social upheavals, convert to Gespeg's Mdawinnist religion.
 * Montagnais: Exploring westwards from their inland camps, montagnais hunters discover the flags and plaques left by Oldenburg. greatly interested, they take some of the material back to their camps, where a L'nu trader recognizes it as a piece of the Oldeburger flag. Not wanting to intrude on foreign territory, the Montagnais expand 4000 km inland. Chakhun, Galdan's second son, is made High Chief of the Montagnais and encourages his people to adopt cows, wheat and caribou. Many convert to Mdawinnism, the religion created by Gespeg.
 * Netherlands: Trade continues to expand as the Dutch merchants expand their own area of trade in Europe and in Asia. Batavia continues to be fortified and the first native unit is raised and trained made up largely of chinese migrants (there was a sizable chinese population at this time in the region). Batavia quickly grows in importance within the Netherlands trading network as it grows into a centre of trade and a resupply centre for Dutch merchants in the region. The Netherlands begin exerting their economic influence more profoundly in the region now. Dutch control over the Maldives contines to grow as the settlement in the north of the islands is fortified and solidified. The african settlement of New Friesland and Nassau are expanded as well, With Nassau being renamed Louisville. Exploration of the New World contrinues now with the islands being subject to extensive mapping and research as well as exploration farther south along the OTL Brazilian coast the brazilwood is noted and some of it is cut down for sale in Europe (I'm not going to colonize the region. I'm just going to take advantage until the Portuguese begin colonizing the area: XD). In the east Dutch explorers make it to the Vienamese coastline. Several of the Roman new firearms are procured to study and test profitability and efficiency. Wallon blacksmiths continue to produce some of the finest weapons in the Europe and the highest quality metalworks. One Wallon blacksmith is commissioned to make the crown of the Netherlands. The art work produced by Dutch and Wallon artists continue to evolve and reflect the general positive feelings of the era for the Dutch and the constant curiousity of the world around them. Pieces of literature are written about adventures of Netherlander explorers in Asia, particularly the Indian subcontinent and the illusive lands of China and the East Indies, while wild tales of the golden city in the New World continue to float around the Netherlands along with the stories of castillean conquests which also help produce a new series of stories of about brave Dutch and Wallon explorers who come across large empires that they manage to conquer. While it is false, it helps fuel a general desire to start settling the New World. The wealthy merchant class continue to live in their mansions a life of luxury and leisure while they profit from the increasingly lucrative oriental trade. The artisan and middle class also grow richer as they see large sales. The largest cities of the Netherlands continue to grow and architecture begins changing to reflect the growing optimism and curiousity with the world abroad leading to something like Dutch empire architecture of OTL. while The Hague itself begins to take on a more majestic look as it is the royal residence. The rest of Maurice's children enter military education. Miltary and naval expansion continue. The science are also benefiting from the increase in funds avaliable. Trade investment in India continues to grow, and Dutch traders once more request that they be giving greater access to the Indian subcontinent.
 * Safavidian Dip: We ask you to send merchants to Persia to trade with us.
 * Netherlands Dip: Maurice agrees and some traders move towards persian ports.
 * Bavarian Dip: Grand Duke Franz-Albert petitions King Maurice to accept the offer of a royal marriage, pairing the heir to the Bavarian throne, Prince Heinrich (13) to any Dutch princess of Maurice's choice.
 * Rajya of Marwar: The military begins to expand and the nation begins to influence Jaisalmer (Year ten). During these events, Rao Raja Singh sends more architects from Marwar to the Mughal who would design Mandirs in the Mughal Empire and also for priests to spread Hinduism in the Mughal Empire. The nation also supports numerous marriages between members of the Rajput clans and Mughali noble families. (mil turn)
 * Mughal Empire: The mlitary of the nations is expanded and architects sent by Emperor-Khan Raja Singh ud-din Muhammad Bahadur issue the building of the already designed temples. The Mughali prosperity continues as the Eurasian trade agreement is set into motion. (mil turn). Former Emperor Mirza, traveling with Ladislaus, leaves Castile in early January and travels to the Netherlands where he wishes to visit the royal court. (Nk, notice me senpai)
 * Southern Chagatai (PSFSCK): The military is expanded.
 * Netherlands DIp: Thrilled by the interest Mirza is welcomed into the Netherlands and is granted stay in the Hague. The Nobles and bourgoeisie are facinated by the news and many clamour to meet the former oriental sovereign.
 * Marrikuwuyanga Empire: The Marrikuwuyanga had constructed large temples in honour of the Emperor. Trading with the Ayutthaya had proved beneficial for the Empire, and not only were the Marrikuwuyanga able to acquire muskets, they were also able to find a market for their sale of iron ore. Meanwhile, Marrikuwuyanga's influence continued to increase within the neighbouring tribes and the military was strengthened as the military gained access to the muskets via Ayutthaya and its production had started albeit at a very slow scale. Trade boosted Marrikuwuyanga's economy. The crop yield increased annually and so did the population. We expand 500 km along the western coast. The Emperor rejected offers by the Ayutthaya to provide 1000 soldiers or iron, with the Emperor putting pressure on the Ayutthaya to instead provide modern weaponry. Meanwhile, the Marrikuwuyangan economy was not affected by the storm at Philidelphi but was badly shaken, when pirates blocked the Straits of Malacca and various nations rebelled against the Ayutthaya. As a result, the Emperor sent 800 troops to aid Ayutthaya against the rebellious nations
 * Timor: Having established dominance over the island, the Emperor was keen on making sure there was no rebellion by the natives and soon after marching as conquerors, the tribal leaders were bombarded with gifts by the Marrikuwuyangan Emperor who assured them that they would be allowed to keep their power as tribal leaders as long as they recognized Emperor Yada Gulpilil as their God. Meanwhile, military and navy were strengthened, although it was the navy that got much more attention.
 * Netherlander Dip: Several Dutch traders came across the island of Timor and the other islands. We see the troops of the Marrikuwuyanga empire. The Dutch merchants are both intrigued and appalled at the ideas of these people and they notice that the region was  recently conquered. A meeting with the leader is requested by the authorities of Batavia with the so-called emperor.
 * Safavid Empire: We build up our military and navy. We continue to build walls and outposts around our capital city. The building of the biggest mosque in the nation is continuing now. Port cities are being rebuilt. More ships are being made for our navy. Our own version of guns are being made. Farming is becoming one of the most important industries, besides blacksmithy, trading and fishing. The building of the first college in the capital city is continuing. Guns are now mass produced in our country. We continue to make more woodblock printing presses for our libraries. Prototype cannons at three feet long are continuing to be made. A trade route from our home country to Oirat is mapped out. People are now trading with each other on this trade route Foreign exchange banks are becoming popular in our country due to the ETA. (Eurasian Trade Agreement) Trade has increased due to the ETA. A new art form is continuing to be drawn. It is a mix of Safavid, Oirat, and Mughal art. Our art is continuing to be popular with all of the nation around us. We ask the leader of Mansuriyya Caliphate to spare a daughter fof our leader's son. (Mods needed for this event) We start to vassel Khanate of Khiva by bringing in troops and Islamic leaders to influence them in our way.
 * Mod Response: They accept.
 * Zapoteca:  With the number of immune people in the population growing, disease begins to dwindle in the Empire. The Spanish aid is greatly appreciated. The Emperor continues financing Spanish settlers to come to the kingdom and marry into the population. Trade increases and continues with the Spanish. Tlaco II expands roadways connecting cities in the alliance to help merchants and soldiers move more freely between them. The military, which had been outdated for many years, continues to be upgraded. The economy booms with trade as a result of the roads. In the coastal regions under Danibaan's influence, more boats are created. Tlaco II orders more to be manufactured to bring in goods from the sea. Pressure continues to be asserted on Itzapam to join the Zapotec-Spanish sphere.
 * Tawatinsuyu: Military is imporved. The size of the army hits 21,000. Cuzco, Machu Picchu, and Chan Chan are developed further, populations of these cities hits 222,000, 100,000, and 119,000 respectively. Population across the empire hits 1,359,000. Reformation of the farming system continues as crops produce better yields. Research into medicine and Sciences continues, with advancements being made allowing for greater care of the sick and injured. Rebuilding and building continues across the empire. Culture merging continues. The empire is now divided into four districts, Cuzco-suyu (the area formerly known as the Kingdom of Cuzco) Aymara-suyu (the territories conquered in the two Cuzcan-Aymaran wars) Nazca-Suyu (area perviously known as the Ica-Nazca) and Chimu-suyu (the Ica-Nazca's northern vassals). Each of these districts acts similar to a state, with regional rulers being appointed by the Sapa-Inca. The process of culture blending begins to show effects, as Cuzcans live across the emipire now, taking there culture with them. While Cuzcans are the largest ethnic group (~47%) they still do not make up 50% of the empire. The other ethnic groups are:Nazca (~17%), Chimu (~16%), Wankan (~9%) Aymara (~4%) and Other (2%). As the culuture blending continues, the rise of a new culture group begins. Known as Inca, this culture group makes up about 6% of the empire's population. This culture group is found mainly in the three "golden" cities. Inca is growing faster than Cuzcan and will over take Cuzcan (if an outside source doesn't get involved) in 30 years time. The enslavement of the Aymara people begins once again, though the ethnic purging is left out of the old formula.
 * The Nation of the Oirats: Cement and iron increase in production. Iron weapons are now majorly used. As we increase in population, we slowly target our expansion northward. We expand 75 px to the north. We continue to develop our firearms. We continue to study the printing press and make more of them. We begin building up our military and create even tougher practices. We expand our settlement at North Baikal Lake. We begin sending our soldiers next to the Baikal Jurchens. 50,000 soldiers are sent to the north of Baikal Lake and another 10,000 is in a small naval base on Baikal lake. We continue building up on our border against the Baikal Jurchens. We began building cannon foundries and build another model, the six inch cannon. We slowly decrease influence of China in Oirat but we give China many goods and taels in return.
 * Yakutsk: We expand by 200 sq km.
 * Oirat D: We ask the Jianzhou Jurchens to form the Great Eurasian Alliance with us.
 * Oirat D: We ask for trade relationships with European nations.
 * Vorlayacor:  Disease flares up this year, but the vastly improved infrastructure relative and more stable food supply relative to when the last outbreak occured allows for easier containment, with a regional quarantine lasting only three months. Nov Xoryan's port is completed this year; all allies of the Spanish Confederation are invited to begin trade with Vorlayacor. Another town, Machitonin, named for the shaman Machis of Mapuche culture and located in the center of the territory, grows in size quickly.  Jarvan draws up plans to send Vorlayacoran diplomats to learn about Europe and European technology. Military research on gunpowder continues; success may be within a few years. People begin expressing a desire for the road system of the old territory, but that will have to wait until nearly all families have established homes.
 * Hesse: We send our fleet to the Neu Bruchhausen outpost, delivering more colonists and supplies, as well as taking back some valuables. Hessian colonists begin to build houses on their side of the outpost, and expanding it by 500 sq km. The fleet also arrives at the Bissagos islands off the coast of Africa. They  drop off remaining colonists and supplies to start a colony there as well. The ships make it back to Hesse, restock with supplies, and drop off the valuables. Then, they sail up to Neu Baltrum, then to Neu Borkum, before sailing south to the tip of Greenland, and establishing a colony there. The BIssagos islands are called the 'Ludwig Insels' after the Ludwigs, and the Greenland colony is named Neu Bremen. We also finish vassalizing Berg (Turn Five of Five) and begin vassalizing Munster (Turn One of Five).  We request to buy 130 Caravels and 70 Galleys from the Hungarians, in exchange for free use of our ports and free trade for an indefinite amount of time. As well as free access to our territory.
 * Your not even allowed to colonize yet. This entire turn is literally a crock of crap not only arent you on the list list, you cant estalbish more than one colony per 20 years. and you cant be landlocked. -Feud
 * Am I not or are other people not? What is this 'list list'? The rules say two colonies per 50 years. I'm not landlocked. Also, Imp was selling ships on the chat last night because he has over 1000 from Venice's fleet. And why is the vassalization 'a crock of crap'? YOU are the one who gave me permission to do it, and you also stated the amount of time for the vassalage.
 * Did not see the vassalization - my bad. However, you may only colonize currently if you are a colonizer - which you are not. The current nations in the running to Colonize are France, Spain, Albion, and Portugal. This was decided a few weeks ago and you were there for it. The Rules also say that no nation can establish more than one colony within 20 years of another. So not only did you create four colonies in a single year, you broke multiple rules including the fact that you're currently not allowed to colonize, whatsoever. As for the ships imp got from Venice, the majority of these are trade ships, not military ships. -Feud
 * If only colonizers can colonize, then why do non-colonizers have colonies? The rules say that a nation can only establish two in a 50 year period. I established one of them five or six decades ago, and the other one was made three or four decades ago. So we have the first half of 1400 which had zero colonies, then the second half in which those two were founded, now it is the first half of 1500 and I established those two.
 * |onte continues to have a large surplus of grain. Though adopting "western farming", the idea of "the tribe" is still very much so alive, as people always share the crops they have grown, or the animals they have hunted amongst the community. Mon's children advocate the planting of trees in small groves. Throughout the year, Mon's children go elephant hunting, though it is very dangerous, as they are hunting them with arquebuses, and the whole process requires much co-ordination. However, the results are said to be spectacular, as the tribe gains new wealth in the collected ivory, and the elephant meat is considered a rarity. The season resulted in six elephants being killed. Much of the younger generation knows how to hunt, and begin to help their parents, increasing the prosperity of the tribe. Not only do they know how to hunt, but in accordance with tribal tradition, each one of them may become a warrior if the need be, trained both in the arquebus and the bow, though the arquebus is gaining much ground against the arrow. |onte is becoming very rich with money made from elephant hunting, as they have nothing to spend the money on. Ma-n!o tells tales of Car Nikobar to the |onteli, and tells them of the "tenga" (coconut), and of how they produce both food and water. Given this incentive, he takes with him 400 tribesmen, with an equal amount of muskets, and makes way to Car Nikobar. Mon II, intrigued by the concept of Chinese Culture, Buddhism and writing, stays behind in a Buddhist monestary, learning to read, write and speak Chinese, and the tenets of Buddhism. While there, he learns of Confucianism, by talking to the people on the street. Debarubo, who studied both the army, and the arts, takes young tribesmen north and expands 250 sq km (5 pixels) adjacent to his expansions along the expansions of the coast (3 pixels in), doing the tribes traditional policy of taking the women, and killing the men. Debarubo plays with the concept of claiming his family as the "Rikisis" of |onte.
 * Hamburg: repairs to the economy and infrastructure continue. Ship construction, especially in Baltic port cities like Lübeck and Rostock picks up. Later in the year, ships leave for Williamsburg and Neue Lüneburg to restore communication. Designing of the cross-Holstein canal continues.
 * Austria: This turn in both our nation and in all our vassals is dedicated to economy. We train and expand our military using new experience from recent wars, and grow our nation economically. In Morocco our position in Melilla is fortified. All fortifications around the region are rebuilt and manned by stationed guards in case of an attack. To protect Melilla the construction of a fortress outside the city is considered, although postponed for now. The port of Melilla is rebuilt to begin operation as a trade port and military outpost. Construction continues on a shipyard in the Melilla port to facilitate the construction and repair of friendly ships. Melilla is granted a permanent naval garrison in the city’s port to respond to dangers in the area, and to support the small garrison on land which mans the fortifications. Our position in Morocco is fortified by re-inforcements, bringing Melilla operational against attacks. For now ,a small fleet is stationed in its harbor, while its garrison continues to hold the north and its supply lines, supporting our Christian brethren. With much of the Muslim population of Melilla left dead after the war against Morocco, the local government attempts to entice settlers by offering large quantities of land to Christian settlers. Many Europeans, particularly of German descent and/or from central Europe begin settling the area around Melilla. With finances from Augsburg-based banking establishments, the Trieste Company continues to launch expeditions to West Africa. Abrechtburg has grown to a decently sized settlement, supporting a population of farmers, traders and a small garrison of soldiers. The town also houses a well furbished fort, armed with a small amount of cannons intended to defend the settlement and the harbor from any attack. Built out of necessity, the port at Abrechtburg is refurbished and expanded to support more trade ships, and allied countries are welcomed to trade and stay in the town. The second largest settlement in Westenland, Dominusburg, follows suit, finishing the construction of a port similar to Abrechtburg ‘s. Trade posts continue to be built and exploited, now numbering several dozen along the coast of Westenland and into allied territory. Our reliance on the Wolof becomes less so, but we sign a trade agreement with their nation to continue our positive relationship. Deals are made with the Wolof for slaves and other goods. Conversion of the natives begin around the settlement. Several bimereiches and caravels begin construction in Trieste, Melilla, Corfu, and other ports, to further facilitate and protect overseas trade. Trade is increased with the Grand Duchy of Bavaria and other trade partners, bringing about new avenues of trade and commerce. A third major settlement arises in Westenland, known as Rudolph (OTL Banjul), located just south of Abrechtsburg. Other major trade posts also arise farther south at Strom-Stadt (OTL Bissau) and at Gründerburg (OTL Ziguinchor).
 * Oyo Empire: Oyo trade in Asia continues to increase, with the Oyo East Indian Company planning to approach several local kingdoms with trade pacts and request for access to their ports. The construction of eranko ships continues, as well as the typical production of yanyan and nlanla vessels. The census for 1505 reveals a total population of 10,121,342 citizens and 150,000 soldiers in the Ikarira. A tally of the total ships in the navy comes to about twelve eranko, fifty-six nlanla, and one hundred twenty-nine yanyan, for a total of 197 ships of all classes. However, the older yanyan ships are deemed no longer seaworthy, leaving only forty-one ships of that class capable of coastal trading missions between the Canary Islands and South Africa. Oyo expands its military and economy, as well as its infrastructure, with the construction of massive castles and fortifications along the border a priority. A priority trade mission is sent to the land of Hungary, which the Oyo have deemed a potentinal new market for the economy at home.
 * Burjid Sultanate: News regarding the Sistine Chapel reaches the Sultanate and this inspires the Army to capture the Umayyad Mosque of Damscus in order to counter the Papacy. Not only does the news reach the army, but the citizens who are now inspired to also counter the Christian faith and thus an Islamic revival begins throughout the nation. Naturally this leads to popular support for the Sultan's Mosque Model. With this support mosques continue to be built up at a steady rate and this rate should increase as more mosques are built and the revival spreads across the Sultanate. With more mosques being constructed more towns are being constructed (as the mosques are the center of town under the Mosque Models). As a result of the growth of towns infrastructure build up also continues.
 * Rumania: Stephen, now 30, continues to work on improving the economy. Iron, salt and coal mines dot the landscape. Coal begins to become a major resource produced. These mines provide the resources required by the foundries and traders on the coast. The growing mines require more processing facilities, which spur more development along the coast. More large shipyards open and the lumber industry continues to expand. A large workshop for producing Leverlock muskets is built in Constanta, the gunsmiths there can produce roughly 20 guns a day assuming that they have adequate supplies. The Danube becomes a highway of commerce, hundreds of barges travel up and down its length transporting people, materials, goods, and ideas. As much as 9% of the nation has reached basic literacy, and the Moralists promote education of commoners by priests, in order to give everyone the opportunity to read the bible. Education among the elite is becoming almost mandatory. We ask to purchase 150 ships, mainly caravels and carracks, from Hungary in exchange for 150 years of free trade with Hungarian traders and 1500 Lue. 
 * The Consulate of Bulgaria: The economy continues to grow. The printing press spreads south into Bulgaria just as in Rumania. Ties with Rumania are strengthened; hundreds of Romanians move into the country, seeking cheap and productive land, and inter-marriage becomes very common. Bulgarians also begin to migrating to trade towns in Romania to seek more economic opportunities. Bulgarian populations in Rumania now represent a large minority, and the same can be said about Romanians in Bulgaria. Ethnic tensions are uncommon in both nations as multi-ethnic communities existed before the large migrations.
 * Alexandria and Aiguptia: Trade continues to increase as the ports are re-established. More people are converted to Coptic Christianity due to the See of Saint Mark's presence. Many Muslims reconsider their faith seeing the prosperity that Christians live in. Resources are sent to Aiguptia to maintain and protect the canal as that process continues and workers are encouraged to go seek out this opportunity. The economy continues to pick up as trade expands to SE Asia. . The land acquired from Yemen by the Red Sea continues to see a port town established for sailors and merchants to rest before going into the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean, there is a medium increase in population as more people look to get into the trade business and travel from Castile and the Netherlands requires a stop for their sailors. In the province of Judea soldiers are to protect both Christian, Islamic and Jewish pilgrimages. Small amounts of conversions in Judea take place mainly converting Christians and Muslims to Coptic Christianity. Alexandria moves troops into the south as the region is to keep the region calm and free of revolt. OTL Goa and Karachi continue to become a massive destination for Alexandrian trades and relationships continued to be established. Grigorios's engineers continue plans of a reconstructed lighthouse on the cite of the citadel. Relations are continued with the nation Vijaynagar, an we continue establish more posts along the coast, especially at Goa. Immigration from traders and trading families increases to the trade enclaves in Alexander's Strait and the Somali enclaves. Alexandria's soldiers are sent to fight the rebels in the south and in Cairo. Asks fellow Christian nations in Nubia and Eastern Europe for assistance to end the islamic revolt. The Red Sea Trade Company is formed in order to deal with states along the Red Sea and creating safe and constant trade in the area. It is owned by the Great Eastern Sea Trade Co and is also a royal charter from Kafta and Grigorios. Expansion occurs into Sinai 100 px. Vassalization of Makuria and Alodia begins (Turn Four). Girgorios will serve as an advisor  to Kafta. A new coat of Limestone is put on the major pyrimads around the nation.
 * Ethiopia: Grigorios and Kafta begins creating and developing relationships with local leaders. Shortly after the treaty everyone settles back into normal lifestyles. Soldiers are sent to Alexandria. Kafta becomes the ruler. Inf Turn.
 * Cyrencia: Is put under semi autonomy in a vassal state relationship. Naval ports are built. Conversions occur. Inf Turn.
 * Fusahito Theocracy: The Emperor continues with his personal campaign against the slave trade, partly as a moral crusade, but also as a way to limit the power of the feudal lords and as a symbolic representation of the strength of the Theocracy. The religious police continue to crack down on  the slave trade, with full authority to arrest, interrogate and punish anybody suspected of opposing the Emperor's decrees - including the nobility. Imperial warships continue to patrol the coasts of the Theocracy, with any ship and crew found to be carrying slaves used as forced labour in the Imperial navy. Military turn. The Emperor again calls for the Ryukyu Kingdom to renounce the slave trade entirely and also demands 500 tons of silver, 10,000 bolts of silk and 100 tons of spices as reparations for the damages caused by Ryukyu resistance.  Mod response please.
 * Castile:   King Ferdinand unable to resist the opportunity of the new lands heard of immediately commissions more trading companies to cross the seas and scout out these new lands. Leaving from multiple points the fleets reach the new lands and immediately go their separate ways. One fleet, the smallest of the three composing of seven ships, sails south mapping and cataloguing go much farther south than they believed finding a huge natural harbor. This hints to these men to be the perfect place for a trade outpost as well as a city in the future. The Colony of Buenos Aires expands by (15 px) up the coast and establishes a captaincy farther south  (5 px). The Castilian populace reaches about 10.1 million and growing. The Kingdom itself begins to expand its armed forces to nearly 80,000 and sends more military ships to Monaco to protect it from any aggression. The Castilian forces begin training exercizes. The Navy also begins to make serious advances in technology and armed attack formations along with its pushes out into the wide seas. The Colony of Buenos Aires reaches a population of about 12,000 and growing with the more families and women showing up. Castilian exploration ships begin exploring south to check out farther down the coast and look for the southern edge of the continent. Charles of Castile who had gone to the New World becomes governor of the Buenos Aires Colony. Castile accepts the previous Aztec offer and moves troops into the area to work on quarantine.
 * Castile:   King Ferdinand unable to resist the opportunity of the new lands heard of immediately commissions more trading companies to cross the seas and scout out these new lands. Leaving from multiple points the fleets reach the new lands and immediately go their separate ways. One fleet, the smallest of the three composing of seven ships, sails south mapping and cataloguing go much farther south than they believed finding a huge natural harbor. This hints to these men to be the perfect place for a trade outpost as well as a city in the future. The Colony of Buenos Aires expands by (15 px) up the coast and establishes a captaincy farther south  (5 px). The Castilian populace reaches about 10.1 million and growing. The Kingdom itself begins to expand its armed forces to nearly 80,000 and sends more military ships to Monaco to protect it from any aggression. The Castilian forces begin training exercizes. The Navy also begins to make serious advances in technology and armed attack formations along with its pushes out into the wide seas. The Colony of Buenos Aires reaches a population of about 12,000 and growing with the more families and women showing up. Castilian exploration ships begin exploring south to check out farther down the coast and look for the southern edge of the continent. Charles of Castile who had gone to the New World becomes governor of the Buenos Aires Colony. Castile accepts the previous Aztec offer and moves troops into the area to work on quarantine.

Albania: The new lands are further integrated within the kingdom, and Albanians in the new lands continue to celebrate the unification of their lands to that of an independent Albanian state. Epirus: In Epirus, the republican structure of government is disbanded by the occupying Roman army and replaced by a Roman council to help faciliate governing. The fortifications of the region continue to be rebuilt. Naxos: The Duke continues to export many trade goods for the wealth of the Empire while still seeking to gain enough influence to survive the impending annexation of the Duchy. Ragusa: With the war now conclusively over, trade blooms as silver, wax, wine, and other trade goods are exported throughout the west. Although the state is a protectorate of the Romans, the government of the republic seeks to make Ragusa a great trade power as Venice and Genoa once were.
 * Kingdom of Aragon:  With Castilian assistance various infrastructural areas are rebuilt and the military is expanded to a token force of 10,000. Along with this support the Aragonian economy recovers slowly with a slow but controlled influx of Castilian economic aid helping Aragon recover. The ruling magistrate over Aragon signs a landmark trade deal with Castile which allows for Aragon's usage of Castile's large amounts of trade posts down the coast of Africa. The Aragonians now in control of the Spanish South African trading company fund the creation of the expansion of the Trade outpost into a formal colony to be settled much like Morocco and Granada were by Castile. The Colony of Cape Ferdinand expands 10 px up the coast and expands the captaincy down the coast now covering the mouth of the Orange River on the coast (5 px). It's mostly populated by Castilians who are the main people moving to the colonies. Aragon's population continues to be culturally integrated with the next generation speaking primarily Spanish with Catalan being phased out by the newer generation. Aragon recognizes Alexis of Castile as their Queen
 * Kingdom of Cyprus:  Cyprus gaining large funds from being a Castilian trade hub, begins building a few ships domestically, and purchases ships from Castile, or her allies shipwrights forming a respectable Cypriot navy of almost 90 ships with expected expansion to come. This expansion has been achieved specifically thanks to huge amounts of outsourcing to private shipwrights. Cyprus begins to see an exodus of the Knights Hospitaller west to Castile and her territories and King Matthias begins a larger recruitment for the military managing to raise a force of nearly 10,000. This force is largely funded through the large trade Cyprus has gathered. The troops are styled after Castile's royal army and Cyprus embarks on an intense training program in order to bring them up to standards. The Knights, with many departing, also have many older and other knights stay due to their close ties with Cyprus. They remain to run the Knights Hospitaller in Cyprus for the foreseeable future while a large number have migrated across the sea. The Kingdom of Cyprus due to the recent issues in Castile reluctantly recognizes Carlos and his Regency for Prince Ferdinand. Cyprus itself with its fleet of nearly 100 ships begins to take after the Venetian example with trade and begins to put Cypriot merchant ships into state possession for trade in order to help with the kingdom's finances and heavy trade. This show immediate results as a relative increase in funding and attention to trade between Castile and her allies begins to improve the quality of trade. The Assassins Guild sets up in Cyprus looking to prevent issues in the kingdom with corruption and serving as their base into Muslim countries. The King of Cyprus on his deathbed declares that a vote by the nobles on whether to join Castile will be held and a public forum will be held on what the people think of this.
 * Kingdom of Morocco:  The country begins the construction of various canals and cultivates trees farther inland to help increase arable farmland. The Moroccan economy continue to expand with greater trade coming from Castile and the Canaries all the way down to Capo Verde increasing the relative wealth. The Kingdom with many canals having been completed has vastly expanded its farmland among other things. Morocco's total population reaches one million with Christianity becoming dominant in the area. Calne-Vicuna is finished and is opened as an center for Christianity in North Africa with a library said to rival old Alexandria's. The Moroccan Assassins Guild forms and spreads keeping the peace and killing the corrupt as well as making Morocco much more peaceful for Castilian Rule. The Kingdom of Morocco officially enters into a personal union with Castile following the magistrates and princes deeming it unneccesary for the King to not have full control in the country. The Magistrates, however, are fully re-instated to continue as they were just under direction of the King of Castile.
 * Kongo:  The Kingdom begins to work toward a trade and production economy focusing on helping provide resources for Castile's burgeoning West African trade network. The King of the Kongo converting to Christianity and being baptised begins to call for the expansion of ports to the best of the Kongolese architects' abilities. With the King also adopts the name John, in favor of the king who began these exploratory operations down the coast of Africa. The King also organized a band of Christian soldiers who help keep the peace who also begin to help with conversions to Christianity as a series of missionaries and high level priests from the Western Church have come on a ship hearing of many pagans and heretics to convert. The King makes multiple successful campaigns against various of the petty kings in Kongo killing two of them and leaving the third on the run. The Christianization of multiple areas is completed and multiple others are begun. The Kingdom of the Kongo in an attempt to increase economic output and trade begins to export a moderate amount of raw materials to Castile and begins to push toward heavy exploitation methods if possible.
 * Mapuche: With the defeat by the Spanish a royal governor is appointed by the Castilians. The governor immediately goes to work to prevent his workforce from being killed by disease and to prevent revolts and by immediately marching groups of about 1000 people to the colonial capital. These people are immediately transferred onto available ships and throughout the year are sent up the coast via Spanish ships to a location unknown to the Mapuche. The Mapuche also continue to see major issues from European contact are given orders to isolate themselves if they are sick to prevent further expansion of the disease. The governor also manages to gain a force of about 200 as a garrison.  The Mapuche people begin to see the first mixed children between Spanish and Mapuche people. The Spanish institute the Ecomienda system. However, the Spanish governor, in order to keep control of the people, orders the Spanish heads of the system to treat the natives fairly in order to prevent mass deaths from overworking and resentment. Spanish farming techniques have definitely prevented starvation as the Mapuche continue to expand towards the coast building a road to connect it all. The  Spanish governor, also using the local Mapuche as scouts, is able to expand much more than the Buenos Aires colony and uses this to his advantage to secure more land to be able to turn over to Spanish settlers. The Royal Governor expands by 1000 sq km down the coast using captured prisoner natives as labor for this.
 * Maya:  With the outright collapse of the Mayan government complete the Spanish institute a royal governor who assumes command of the troops. The Mayan armed forces have been all but wiped out and the Spanish along with their native auxiliaries begin the absolute wipe out of their armed forces and securing of multiple cities and settlements. Many of the villages are left completely ransacked. However, an insightful priest says that destroying the cities will result in long term resentment that could never be repaired and instead they should be made Spanish-Maya hybrid. The new Royal Governor seeing wisdom in this declares that the cities will not be ransacked and a moderate tribute of gold and silver is demanded by the Spanish. The 2000 troops remain in the country and begin to establish areas along the coast suitable for Spanish settlement. The military and economy of the Maya under Spain is developed and roads are upgraded to Spanish standards. An expected expansion program is to be undertaken in the next few years.
 * Bengal Sultanate: The decrease in taxes on the landed elite does its job in most areas of the Sultanate, decreasing the tax load on the peasantry and earning him their support. The tax cuts on the merchant class allow for more trade to be conducted, and a recent lax on some of the quota laws allows for more goods to be shipped from Bengal, greatly increasing trade income. Cash crops continue to be grown in large amounts. With our merchants traveling to Ava, Kamarumpa and Arakan regularly, Islam continues to grow in their areas. Most all trade roads continue to see much-needed maintenance. Due to Bengal having control over lands of multiple ethnicities and religions, literary works in the form of poems continue to take influence from all three religions of the Sultanate. Urdu, also called Hindi by some, becomes more common in the Sultanate due to the mixing of Hindu and Islamic ideals. We continue to help finance the Plutocratic State of Jaunpur, Delhi Sultanate and Bahamani Sultanate by sending gifts directly to the nobles/sultans, offering loans from powerful trade bankers, and decreasing the trade taxes over all of Bengal, allowing more of our merchant goods to travel into those states. We also raise a portion of the Sultan's personal levy and then divide it to be sent out to the states' leaders, so that they can do with them what they wish in order to maintain order in their nation. The construction of schools and universities several years ago has led to an increase in scholars and literacy in our nation. Due to the removal of trade barriers among a majority of states in the Indian League, their merchants and ours begin to travel with increased mobility and goods, thereby increasing the trade income and output in the agreeing nations. Several Bengali merchants continue to sponsor gem mines in the Mogok area of Ava, due to the high concentration of gems such as rubies, sapphires, garnets and moonstones, and the first of many mines begin to return with more successes. Construction of ships based upon Castilian designs, granted to us by them, continues, in order to further our efforts to explore and trade. New crops begin to enter into several plantations (These weren't newly introduced to Bengal, they are just newly introduced to the plantations), Opium and Cannabis. The increasing need for an anthestetic due to many more surgeries in Bengal, simply due to an increasing population, leads Opium cultivation to become very lucrative and result in many plantations including in their crops. Cannabis becomes more popular, not simply due to its cultural history in Muslim societies, but also because of its popular use in several poetic works.
 * ​Emirate of Andamana: Illyas-Sasaska continues to reclaim land on the island to make room for farms, and to have timber for building both boats and houses. The Emirate expands another 500 km onto the island. The ships built by the timber from the island help contribute to Bengali trade. Continues working on economy and infrastructure.
 * Rajya of Orissa: Kapilendra Deva continues to listen to his advisers and bring about several reforms to his nation that make it more Islamic friendly, one of which is new, and calls for the creation of one mosque for each Hindu temple in the name of tolerance, when in reality, his advisers have prescribed this to bring about larger Islamic influence. The new University of Bhubanēśbara (Bhubaneswar) finishes construction and now houses several classes ranging from literature to economics.
 * Swargadeo of Kamarupa: Now vassalized by Bengal, the Swargadeo of Ahom continues to receive extensive help in creating viable farmland. They do this by continuing a process of land reclamation in the northern part of the state, which is largely marshy and thinly populated. This process of reclamation begins by using dikes, embankments and irrigation systems. The land reclamation, having been going on for decades, is extremely successful in creating viable farmland for rice, grain and other staple crops, increasing Kamarupa's population and their yearly trade output.
 * The Tartary's economy grows, as does large parts of its territory, with Nenetsia growing by 5000 sq km. Alexander Khan looks for a bride. The Khanate of Bukhara is influenced. (Nine Turns left).
 * Perm improves its military.
 * Azov improves its economy. Construction continues. The trading expedition crosses the Bosphorus and docks in Athens.
 * Kazakhstan develops rapidly and continues centralisation.
 * Adyghea improves its economy.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire continues to expand trade west to compensate for the trade lost from the canal and the war with Venice. Most of the new lands' economies began to function as they did before and export many raw materials and luxury goods to the west, increasing the income of the Empire. Trade expands in the north thanks to the patronage of Scandinavia, and some merchants begin to consider the New World as a possible market for new trade goods. Plans to explore the New World are made but none are acted upon at this moment. The infrastructure of the new lands is also improved, repairing the roads and fortifications in them. Most of the lands have become fully integrated within the Roman Empire save for its vassals gained from the war. Research into better naval ships continues, and the first of a new breed of ships begins construction at Constantinople. Thomas I travels to the Tartary to attend the funeral of Theodore.
 * Pskov gets money from banks, spreads zolotniks, gives said money to Scandinavia in bonds, and contributes to the China fund. The China expedtion comes back with many exotic spices, and discussion about new sea trade routes erupt in the Veche as the moratorium ends. Proposals to send people to the New World as explorers to find a new path become more and more predominant.
 * Lombardy: Work continues on the Certosa di Pavia, the Castle Visconteo, and on the extensive Milan Cathedral. We continue training a proper standing army, utilizing Swiss mercenaries and local recruits. With border disputes now settled between the nations of Austria and Switzerland, we continue opening friendly relations with both nations in hopes of repairing our diplomatic relations and protecting our northern border. We continue constructing cogs and galleys to strengthen our navy and protect our interests on the seas. Our turn is dedicated to economy in both our nation and our vassals. We continue vassalizing Wallis.
 * Novgorod: We continue the production of ships, cannons, muskets, advanced crossbows, swords, and composite bows, increasing our military capabilities in case of war. The nation’s training and advancement of military continues. The recent classes of Koch ships are being manufactured in Novgorod. The town of St Patriksburg’s population grows a bit more that last year. As the construction of the town improves, the Kremlin finishes, trade becoming more in demand, the town gains slightly. Because of the trade road built with Tver our economy increases. After seeing a great success with the private schools in the cities of Novgorod, St Patriksburg, Staraya Russa, and Nizhny Novgorod. We start building another private school in Rostov and Yaroslavl. We complete building private schools in Torzhok and a private school in Staraya Ladoga. We dedicate this turn to economy. As fur traders and hunters begin to move into Karelia, the border is expanded 3000 sq mi directly to the north. We are pleased that peaceful terms have been met between us and Scandinavia, and we hope to improve relations in the future.
 * Tver: We complete the construction of the private school in Tver and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Yaroslavl, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to economy.
 * Yaroslavl: We complete the construction of the private school in Yaroslavl and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to economy.
 * Rostov: We completed the construction of the private school in Rostov and start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Yaroslavl, Muscovy. We dedicate this turn to economy.
 * Karelia: We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to economy.

1506
'''Angered by recent tax reforms intended to increase state revenue, the Prince of Anhua declares his intent on ousting the powerful Ming Dynasty eunuch and corrupt official Liu Zhifan, who has personally profited from the recent reforms. He invites several officials to a banquet before massacring the group and raising his banner in rebellion.'''

'''Following the accession of a strong royal family and the creation of a loyal military force in Great Zimbabwe, a centralized government is created. The military begins work combating rival city-states in the area to establish rule over the entire region.'''

.'Anything about Australian Aboriginal Tribes near Marrikuwuyanga?' - RexImperio (talk) 15:47, May 18, 2014 (UTC)


 * Portugal: Continues a notable buildup in military strength and allows for a vigorous training program on the existing military forces attempting to train them up heavily. Meanwhile, the administration continues to be reformed, and agriculture and commerce are encouraged. Meanwhile, Portugal continues to develop its navy. Meanwhile, Portuguese traders continue visiting the Castilian settlements in the Canaries. Meanwhile, wheat continues to be cultivated in Leiname. By this time, the colony in Leiname starts to export wheat to Portugal. Meanwhile, some Portuguese explorers continue to explore the African coast. The Açores continue to be settled. Meanwhile, the new ships that been developed, called naus, and that are similar to the Castilian carracks, begin to be used. Naval explorations directed to the west continue, after news that new lands may have been found there. Meanwhile, Santa Cruz expands north by 2000 sq km. Meanwhile, pau-brasil (brazilwood) starts to be extracted in the colony. Meanwhile, another colony is founded farther south, close to the Rio de Janeiro.
 * Prussia: The Prussians begin to develop their military. The Prussians continue to build their new navy.
 * Courland: The Curonians also continue developing their military.
 * Estland: Ossel-Wiek also continues developing their military. Duke Franz continues to reshape the face of Arensburg.
 * Marrikuwuyanga Empire: The Marrikuwuyanga had constructed large temples in honour of the Emperor. Trading with the Ayutthaya had proved beneficial for the Empire, and not only were the Marrikuwuyanga able to acquire muskets, they were also able to find a market for their sale of iron ore. Meanwhile, Marrikuwuyanga's influence continued to increase within the neighbouring tribes and the military was strengthened as the military gained access to the muskets via Ayutthaya and its production had started albeit at a very slow scale. Trade boosted Marrikuwuyanga's economy. The crop yield increased annually and so did the population. We expand 50 px along the western coast. The Emperor rejected offers by the Ayutthaya to provide 1000 soldiers or iron, with the Emperor putting pressure on the Ayutthaya to instead provide modern weaponry. Meanwhile, the Marrikuwuyangan economy was not affected by the storm at Philidelphi but was badly shaken, when pirates blocked the Straits of Malacca and various nations rebelled against the Ayutthaya
 * Timor: Having established dominance over the island, the Emperor was keen on making sure there was no rebellion by the natives and soon after marching as conquerors, the tribal leaders were bombarded with gifts by the Marrikuwuyangan Emperor who assured them that they would be allowed to keep their power as tribal leaders as long as they recognized Emperor Yada Gulpilil as their God. Meanwhile, military and navy were strengthened, although it was the navy that got much more attention.
 * Marrikuwuyanga Diplomacy: The Marrikuwuyangan soldiers accept the request by the Dutch merchants and they are invited to meet with Emperor Yada Gulpilil.
 * |onte continues to have a large surplus of grain. Though adopting "western farming", the idea of "the tribe" is still very much so alive, as people always share the crops they have grown, or the animals they have hunted amongst the community. Mon's children advocate the planting of trees in small groves. Throughout the year, Mon's children go elephant hunting, though it is very dangerous, as they are hunting them with arquebuses, and the whole process requires much co-ordination. However, the results are said to be spectacular, as the tribe gains new wealth in the collected ivory, and the elephant meat is considered a rarity. The season resulted in six elephants being killed. Much of the younger generation knows how to hunt, and begin to help their parents, increasing the prosperity of the tribe. Not only do they know how to hunt, but in accordance with tribal tradition, each one of them may become a warrior if the need be, trained both in the arquebus and the bow, though the arquebus is gaining much ground against the arrow. |onte is becoming very rich with money made from elephant hunting, as they have nothing to spend the money on. Ma-n!o arrives at Car Nicobar with the 400 tribesmen. Then the fastest of the men pick on the local population in order to insite a manhunt against them. They run in away to attract as many male villagers as possible, and then run towards the ships. Here the ships fire their cannons and decimate the manhunters. There is a clean-up operation done by the rest of the 400 tribesmen. Feigning fatigue, the tribesmen attract the natives again towards the coast, where they are again bombarded, and subject to a second "clean up" operation. Ma-n!o, equally as attracted to the title "Rikisi" as his brother, Debarubo, claims himself "Rikisi of Niko(bara)". Here he forms a city state, and trades coconuts for the income made off of ivory in |onte. The survivng native males on the island are either killed off, or sold as slaves. The females are then distributed amongst the 400 tribesmen, who enjoy the massive amounts of lush vegetation, and water in coconuts. Mon II, intrigued by the concept of Chinese Culture, Buddhism and writing, stays behind in a Buddhist monestary, learning to read, write and speak Chinese, and the tenets of Buddhism. While there, he learns of Confucianism, by talking to the people on the street. Debarubo, who studied both the army, and the arts, takes young tribesmen north and expands 250 sq km (5 pixels) adjacent to his expansions along the expansions of the coast (3 pixels in), doing the tribes traditional policy of taking the women, and killing the men. Debarubo plays with the concept of claiming his family as the "Rikisis" of |onte.
 * Madagasikaran culture pervades into the backcountry even more as Christian faith is strengthened by widespread trade with other Christian nations. The navy continues to grow, as the final Tiavina class caravel is completed bringing the fleet up to five total caravels. Urban cities like Mahajanga, Morondova, and Antsiranana continues to increase in population, as do the countrysides (especially in Christian Sakalavan communities). With the establishment of a stable Zimbabwean state, Esteban is upset especially due to harsh policies taken by theme ruler against Christians. This spawns a new potential rivalry. Military turn.
 * Sofala and Mozambika focus on continuation of the policy of fortifying the border and also wage small tribal wars which are easily won thanks to superior technology. Work on a trans-Sofala road begins at the behest of the local ruler. Meanwhile, culture emanates from Sofala and Pembara.
 * County of Oldenburg: Neu Bruchhausen in Africa is again visited by a portion of the OHG's fleet, with the African goods supplementing the company's main products: whale and seal. Neu Norderney (Labrador) is visited again by the whaling fleet, and the previous whaling route (Oldenburg-Neu Baltrum-Neu Borkum-Neu Baltrum-Oldenburg) is extended to include Neu Norderney (Oldenburg-Neu Baltrum-Neu Borkum-Neu Norderney-Neu Borkum-Neu Baltrum-Oldenburg). A commemorative medallion is minted in Oldenburg. It depicts the two ships which discovered Neu Norderney superimposed on a rough map of the area. Around the edge are the words "1500: Neu Norderney: Oldenburg in der Neuen Welt". Hesperia begins being used on OHG maps to describe the whole landmass to the West, whilst Borealia is used for the Northern part which includes Neu Norderney. In other news, the county's banks are making a mint. Literally.
 * Prince-Bishopric of Osnabruck: Work continues on Saint Andrew's City Church. It is in the most modern Gothic style. The church-building creates many jobs. Stonemasons and carpenters get a massive boost, whilst contractors take out large loans from the Episcopal Bank to pay for their plans.
 * Natigosetg L’nu: Yaldan continues to consolidate his control of the nation. Although gripped by a cholera epidemic, he maintains stability by quarantining infected villages. The disease has spread to Labrador, but due to the less dense population, cannot gain a foothold easily. Inhabitants flee north into uninhabited territory, settling along a river flowing south into the bay and expanding 4000 km north, inland. The completion of the two carracks is met with excitement. One sails for Europe, aogn with tons of ivory and furs. Once there, its captain hires a pair of Swiss mercenaries to act as advisers for the L’nu army. He also hires modern military architects and a gunsmith. Agriculture becomes more popular with new European plants. Some of the immune survivors along the south coast of Natigosteg plant tea. Although many plants die off, a few specimens prove hardy enough to survive the cold temperatures. Farmers begin to selectively  grow tea plants for their cold and salt-resistant qualities. Ungava expands 1000 km south along the coast, sending Mdawinnist shamans to preach among the Inuit tribes. Influence grows, especially over the Kitimat Inuit south of the colony (Turn One of Six).
 * Montaganis: Under Chakhun, the Montagnais continue to adopt farming. They expand 4000 km south, linking up with the L’nu and turning the Naskapi (i.e., black) territory into an enclave.
 * The Nation of the Oirats: Cement and iron increase in production. Iron weapons are now majorly used. As we increase in population, we slowly target our expansion northward. We expand 75 px to the north. We continue to develop our firearms. We continue to study the printing press and make more of them. We begin building up our military and create even tougher practices. We expand our settlement at North Baikal Lake. We begin sending our soldiers next to the Baikal Jurchens. 50,000 soldiers are sent to the north of Baikal Lake and another 10,000 is in a small naval base on Baikal lake. We continue building up on our border against the Baikal Jurchens. We send our cannons to the Baikal border and we construct ships on the Baikal border. We slowly decrease influence of China in Oirat but we give China many goods and taels in return.
 * Yakutsk: We expand by 200 sq km.
 * Oirat D: We ask the Jianzhou Jurchens to form the Great Eurasian Alliance with us.
 * Oirat D: We ask for trade relationships with European nations.
 * Oyo Trade: Oyo wishes to establish a trade pact with the people of the Oirats. We have learned of your interest in elephants, and would be pleased to trade these animals with you in return for goods and spices.
 * Safavid Empire: We build up our military and navy. We continue to build walls and outposts around our capital city. The building of the biggest mosque in the nation is continuing now. Port cities are being rebuilt. More ships are being made for our navy. Our own version of guns are being made. Farming is becoming one of the most important industries, besides blacksmithy, trading and fishing. The building of the first college in the capital city is continuing. Guns are now mass produced in our country. We continue to make more woodblock printing presses for our libraries. Prototype cannons at three feet long are continuing to be made. A trade route from our home country to Oirat is mapped out. People are now trading with each other on this trade route Foreign exchange banks are becoming popular in our country due to the ETA. (Eurasian Trade Agreement) Trade has increased due to the ETA. A new art form is continuing to be drawn. It is a mix of Safavid, Oirat and Mughal art. Our art is continuing to be popular with all of the nation around us. We ask the leader of Mansuriyya Caliphate to spare a daughter fof our leader's son. (Mods needed for this event) We continue to vassel Khanate of Khiva by bringing in troops and Islamic leaders to influence them in our way. We welcome the Dutch merchants and traders when they get to our nation.
 * Netherlands: Trading in Asia continues to grow and the Dutch continue to fortify Batavia as it grows in importance for Dutch trade in the region. Trading continues with both the rebels and the Thai rulers. The settlement of the Maldives continues to grow as well. Trading with Bengal and the Mughal grow and remain highly profitable the Dutch continue to request greater access to the Indian markets, though. A representative of the Kingdom of the Netherlands travels from Batavia to meet with the so called Emperor of the Marrikuwuyanga Empire. The representative originally intrigued by the Emperor and the cult built around him, but soon grows annoyed at his arrogance. The representative requests that the Emperor treat him as an equal. On other issues requested the representative of the Netherlands and the Easi Indias Company requests a trade agreement and the possiblity of precuring trading rights in the empire. In Africa trade increases with the |onte and with tribes close to the fortifications of Louisville in Cameroon. Trading in brazil wood increases as extraction of the wood from the New World tree proves a decent profit. However, an increase in Portuguese presence in the region makes many of the Dutch traders weary and considering activities farther to the north. Exploration of the New World continues . The Netherlands economy continues to grow and the arts, sciences, and cultural endeavours continue to blossom in this period of optimism and economic prosperity. The new architectural style developing in major cities such as Brussels and Amsterdam continues as the rich and middle class fall in line with the design. Wallonia also enjoys a boom as many of their metal works become popular across the Netherlands and in parts of Europe. Weapons production continues. The new weapons procured from the Romans prove an interesting design and a few are produced by local Wallon gunsmiths. military and naval expansion continue. The Bavarian request is accepted and Wilhelmia, the eldest daughter of Maurice, is engaged to the heir of the Bavarian Duchy. However, it will be four years before she comes of age. Mirza is welcomed to the Netherlands and he instantly becomes one of the most sought after guests at the parties of the wealthy Merchants, aristocrats. Maurice himself welcomes him to stay with the Royal Family in the Royal residence in the Hague. The Crown is completed, it is considered amongst the finest works made by wallonian metal workers. The university of Amsterdam and that of Brussels continue to grow in importance within the country and within Western Europe. The title Prince of Holland is created for the heir apparent of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
 * Marrikuwuyangan Diplomacy: The Emperor is annoyed by the request by the Dutch representative to be considered an equal to God. The Emperor immediately decides to kill the Dutch merchants, but under immense pressure from the tribe elders; he refrains from doing so. Instead, the Dutch merchant is politely told to leave the Marrikuwuyangan territory if he sought an equal status with the Emperor
 * Netherlander Response: The representative of the East Indias Company and of the King of the Netherlands himself insulted at the treatment recieved sends word back to The Hague. Stunned at the insult recieved by one of his countrymen Maurice deems that the tribe from the island to the south is nothing but a savage race, and allows the east indias company to do as they see fit with this tribe that thinks they are supirior to others. The Netherlander East Indias Company refuses any further talks with the so called empire and begin ignoring them as they trade with those who were conquered by the min timor and other islands in the east indies.
 * Bavarian Dip: Grand Duke Franz-Albert thanks the Dutch for their acceptance of the marriage proposal and will welcome Wilhemina in a few years.
 * Vorlayacor:  The annual ceremony honoring Ngenechen is held for the first time since the move in Nov Xoryan, providing a general morale boost to the population. The teachers claim that they are on the verge of creating functioning gunpowder. The economy begins to grow this year, with agriculture, fishing, and ironworking proving to be the largest sectors. Tensions are high with a local tribe that is not happy with their land being overrun by outsiders. Disease is at a minimum this year, providing an auspicious sign for the future. Teams of diplomats are sent to the Netherlands and the Roman Empire to establish friendly relations and to study European ways.
 * Pskov: works on improving its economy and doing so through the use of money. After much discussion, Pskov sends two explorers after hiring them this year, each with a fleet of five ships, each with a goal of finding a new trade route to China. One is ordered to go to the north, and the other to the south. Their fleets, composed of the new model Koch ships, are not seen or heard from again for a period of eight months, with many thinking them already dead. That is, until the first ship returns, bearing a strange herb, meant to be smoked, and four men, dressed in tribal garb, and are shown to the Pskov Veche as the natives of a newly discovered land, and the Explorer, Dimitri Boyasin, begs forgiveness for stumbling onto the New World instead of getting across the sea, the natives, introduced as the inhabitants of a continent called "Kanata", and the region known as "Kvebek", the villages of Stadakona and Hochelaga, of the Iroquois, explaining that they exchanged two of their men, for two of each tribe, to learn the language and ways of the other. They are greeted with intrigue and interest, and later that day, perform a peace ceremony, wherein the Iroquois, the Prince of Pskov, and the Posadnik all sat and smoked out of a pipe the leaves of the tobacco plant, and Dimitri explained that they did so with the leaders of the villages, so too should the leader of this great nation, Prince Ivan, do with these people. Dimitri and his fleet, are dispatched back to "Kvebek" to give the Iroquois leaders trade goods, Pskovian liquor, fur coats, and some golden jewels, and return home. By the time DImitri leaves back for Kanata, The Iroquois gained a basic understanding of Russian. However, one of them gets sick, and is quarantined away on the ship, and dies days later due to not being exposed to European pathogens. A month later, the second ship, led by Captain Feodor Krilov, returns from the Island of Cuba, bearing many spices from the Antillies. The tale that he, too, encountered a wall of land instead of sea, a new continent, a New World, surprises everyone, as they believed it to be a small island, and Kanata Bay be larger than they believe. Pskov Treasury Mint officially starts producing a copper coin called the Kopeika, worth 1/10 of a grivnaya doilia, because 80g for a coin is too heavy, I guess.
 * This is not possible. Please stop. You can not explore the New World or colonize.
 * False, this issue was resolved on the talk page a while back. I can, and I will (although it will not be extensive). The section, I believe, is in one of the archives, and is titled "Pskov".
 * That doesn't change the fact there there is a list that we must follow for a set period of time. "Other" Colonizers are not allowed until the 1570's and on this is non-negotiable. Any more nonsense and removing a general mod consensus (this was a decision of nearly six mods last night) will result in unfavorable actions -Feud
 * despite disagreements on "other" or "minor" status, it makes no matter in the end. Discovery is not the same as colonization. France sent their first explorer in 1542 IIRC and only founded their first successful "colony"(by that I mean a single building/trade post that lasted longer than 6 months, that became Quecec city) in 1608. That's more than half s century. Lots of time passed between discovery and colonization, they are not the same thing 
 * Fusahito Theocracy: The Emperor continues with his personal campaign against the slave trade, partly as a moral crusade, but also as a way to limit the power of the feudal lords and as a symbolic representation of the strength of the Theocracy. The religious police continue to crack down on  the slave trade, with full authority to arrest, interrogate and punish anybody suspected of opposing the Emperor's decrees - including the nobility. Imperial warships continue to patrol the coasts of the Theocracy, with any ship and crew found to be carrying slaves used as forced labour in the Imperial navy. Military turn. The Emperor again calls for the Ryukyu Kingdom to renounce the slave trade entirely and also demands 500 tons of silver, 10,000 bolts of silk and 100 tons of spices as reparations for the damages caused by Ryukyu resistance. One more year is given for the King to respond, or the Emperor decrees that the Kingdom will feel the extent of his divine wrath. Mod response please.


 * ​Yamana Province: The military is built up and brought up to the standards of the rest of the Theocracy with the old Daimyo being installed as the govenor of the province.
 * The Kingdoms of Great Albion (Scotland and England) - member nation of the UKGA: Many ships are modernized and replaced to keep the Royal Albion Navy a powerful forces on the high seas. Port Edmundburg continues to experience a growth in population. Albionic settlers continue to explore the surrounding areas. The dialect of English originally found in Scotland and the Eire grows so large that it covers most of the North of England. This new dialect is called Bythigish (portmanteau of Brython and English). English nobles begin to enjoy the Celtic myths of Eire and Scotland. The Templar Order continues to undercut the King's enemies and seeks ways to privately grow the power of the King and Albion as a whole. The Order buys up many smaller businesses and collectivizes some farms. The Order begins to expand into other areas of Europe, seeking to grow understanding as well as pushing Albionic ideals. Albion continues to explore  farther west and south. Economic aid is sent to our Scandinavian allies, though limited due to pressing domestic issues. A clockmaker from Cambridge becomes popular for his accurate timepieces and the exquiste wood housing. He creates a chime for the St Mary's Cathedral, the chimes are called the Cambridge Chimes (OTL Westminster Quarters aka Big Ben's chime). The Chimes become so popular, other clock-makers incorporate the chimes into their clocks. The Crown Dominion of Hamburg does well this year, as an influx of trade begins to repair the wounds of several wars. The English Renaissance is born when several painters in London show off some impressive works.
 * King Sigismund of Hungary, in light of bettering relations between the two allies, enquires about being able to lease the former Venetian port in Dublin. In exchange, 200 ships (100 caravels, 50 galleys, 50 cogs) will be sold to Albion. Hungary hopes this deal will be favourable for both nations.
 * Calais: Military and navy are expanded.
 * Dublin: Dublin undergoes another remodel and expansion to the ports due to the massive influx of trade from Castile and Venice as well as an increased Eire trade.
 * Scotland: Expands navy and military. Pan Albion sentiments grow, Trade increases. Whiskey is traded down to central Albion.
 * Wales: Wales expands its military and navy. Cardiff becomes a large centre of trade for Wales. The Welsh appoint Adam Cyrdger as Royal Minister. The first sessions of parliament are held. Wales does not see as large a population boom as Albion or Scotland, but a minor one, centered around Cardiff and Swansea, does occur.
 *  Port Edmundburg expands by 1000 sq km east. The African colonists begin looking toward mining and other ventures to generate profit.
 * New Cambridgeshire: New Cambridgeshire expands by 1000 sq km west. Colonists begin to explore around the region and begin to have a large fishing boom. The Port of New Rotham is expanded to handle excess ships from Albion and other European nations. The people of New Rotham also begin an attempt to gain knowledge of farming in Borealia from Native Peoples.
 * Scandinavian Empire: Exploration of Markland (OTL Labrador) continues as Scandinavia considers possible colonization locations. The area south of the St Lawrence river is named 'Vinland'. Scandinavia is highly interested in colonizing a particular part of Vinland (OTL New York City). In Scandinavia, the military is expanded.

Grand Duchy of Moscow: The nation of Muscovy begins trading along routes routing through the nation of Novgorod and its vassals, and the nation of Pskov. Money collected through trade and taxation is saved this year in the Muscovite treasury in case of an emergency. Trade routes are established between the nations of Poland, Hungary, Rumania, and the Roman Empire, and we promote friendly relations with all these nations. We become closer to Novgorod through trade, relying on Novgorod for safe land routes into our northern territory. The nations of the Ukraine continue to be vassalized. In case of attack we expand our military, recruiting free levies from our cities to protect local regions of our nation. Pikes and crossbows become common equipment in some units after they begin to be produced locally to outfit local regiments. Bowmen continue to be an essential part of our military to provide support for melee units, with some gunpowder weaponry being used. In major cities Kremlins are upgraded and outfitted with modern equipment and dedicated garrisons to combat any threat or invasion. The largest Kremlin, located in Moscow, is especially upgraded, with new walls being added that are wider and can hold cannons. Italian architects are also invited to our courts to design certain aspects of the city. This turn in our nation and vassals is dedicated to economy.
 * Finland: Finland expands by 3500 sq km this year. The military is expanded.
 * Iceland: The military is expanded.
 * Lübeck: The military is expanded.
 * Mecklenburg: The military is expanded.
 * Pomerania: The military is expanded.
 * Schleswig: The military is expanded.
 * Dutch Dip: Maurice requests again a royal engagement between his son William Prince of Holland, and one of the daughters of Queen Elsa.
 * Scandinavian Dip: The engagement is acc epted. Anja Princess of Sweden, shall wed William Prince of Holland when they are both of age.
 * i mean engagement as in when they are of age, william is not of age either. With Blood and Iron (talk) 19:41, May 18, 2014 (UTC)
 * Rajya of Marwar: The economy begins to expand and the nation begins to influence Jaisalmer (Year eleven). During these events, Rao Raja Singh sends more architects from Marwar to the Mughal who would design Mandirs in the Mughal Empire and also for priests to spread Hinduism in the Mughal Empire. The nation also supports numerous marriages between members of the Rajput clans and Mughali noble families. (eco turn)
 * Mughal Empire: The economy of the nations is expanded and architects sent by Emperor-Khan Raja Singh ud-din Muhammad Bahadur issue the building of the already designed temples. The Mughali prosperity continues as the Eurasian trade agreement is set into motion. (eco turn). Mirza, accepting to live with the royal family, notices a quite charming dame, who can apparently sing well. After this, he asks Maurice of the Netherlands to inform him about her.
 * Southern Chagatai (PSFSCK): The economy is expanded.
 * Maurice explains to Mirza the history of Lady Maria of Namur, the daughter of a powerful Wallon aristocrat who was married to a Dutch noble that was murdered over money issues. Now a widow with a lot of money and several suitors all of home are to pretentious for her changed taste and personality.
 * Mirza of the Mughal Empire, knowing the ways Dutch elite, attempts to seduce Lady Maria in a different way. Although Mirza barely speaks of it, he is informed that his companions have already gossipped about the death of his wife and during this period, he wishes to propose to the Lady Maria, but only after receiving the approval of Maurice of the Netherlands.
 * Maurice agrees to the idea if Lady Maria herself agrees to the arrangement and also issues a warning that should any harm come to her Mirza will find himself no longer within the upper class. Many of the Dutch aristocrats and merchants are shocked at the thought of one of their own marrying an oriental, and word spreads quickly throughout the rest of the Kingdom's upper class. despite the initial shock there is no ill will towards the eastern prince.
 * Rumania: Stephen, now 31, continues to work on improving the economy. Iron, salt and coal mines dot the landscape. Coal begins to become a major resource produced. These mines provide the resources required by the foundries and traders on the coast. The growing mines require more processing facilities, which spur more development along the coast. More large shipyards open and the lumber industry continues to expand. A large workshop for producing Leverlock muskets is built in Constanta, the gunsmiths there can produce roughly 20 guns a day assuming that they have adequate supplies. The Danube becomes a highway of commerce, hundreds of barges travel up and down its length transporting people, materials, goods, and ideas. As much as 9% of the nation has reached basic literacy, and the Moralists promote education of commoners by priests, in order to give everyone the opportunity to read the bible. Education among the elite is becoming almost mandatory. Inquires are sent to see if Hungary received our request in 1505.
 * Sigismund of Hungary apologises for the belated response, and agrees on the good deal presented by Rumania in terms of naval acquisitions for their nation. This will help the Hungarians as well as the Rumanians.
 * The Consulate of Bulgaria: The economy continues to grow. The printing press spreads south into Bulgaria just as in Rumania. Ties with Rumania are strengthened; hundreds of Romanians move into the country, seeking cheap and productive land, and inter-marriage becomes very common. Bulgarians also begin to migrating to trade towns in Romania to seek more economic opportunities. Bulgarian populations in Rumania now represent a large minority, and the same can be said about Romanians in Bulgaria. Ethnic tensions are uncommon in both nations as multi-ethnic communities existed before the large migrations.
 * Lombardy: Work continues on the Certosa di Pavia, the Castle Visconteo, and on the extensive Milan Cathedral. We continue training a proper standing army, utilizing Swiss mercenaries and local recruits. With border disputes now settled between the nations of Austria and Switzerland, we continue opening friendly relations with both nations in hopes of repairing our diplomatic relations and protecting our northern border. We continue constructing cogs and galleys to strengthen our navy and protect our interests on the seas. Our turn is dedicated to military in both our nation and our vassals. We continue vassalizing Wallis. We begin considering the creation of a new flag for our nation.
 * Novgorod: We continue the production of ships, cannons, muskets, advanced crossbows, swords, and composite bows, increasing our military capabilities in case of war. The nation’s training and advancement of military continues. The recent classes of Koch ships are being manufactured in Novgorod. The town of St Patriksburg’s population grows a bit more that last year. As the construction of the town improves, the Kremlin finishes, trade becoming more in demand, the town gains slightly. Because of the trade road built with Tver our economy increases. After seeing a great success with the private schools in the cities of Novgorod, St Patriksburg, Staraya Russa, and Nizhny Novgorod. We start building another private school in Rostov and Yaroslavl. We complete building private schools in Torzhok and a private school in Staraya Ladoga. We dedicate this turn to military. As fur traders and hunters begin to move into Karelia, the border is expanded 3000 sq mi directly to the north. We are pleased that peaceful terms have been met between us and Scandinavia, and we hope to improve relations in the future.
 * Tver: We complete the construction of the private school in Tver and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Yaroslavl, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Yaroslavl: We complete the construction of the private school in Yaroslavl and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Rostov: We completed the construction of the private school in Rostov and start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Yaroslavl, Muscovy. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Karelia: We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Bengal Sultanate: The decrease in taxes on the landed elite does its job in most areas of the Sultanate, decreasing the tax load on the peasantry and earning him their support. The tax cuts on the merchant class allow for more trade to be conducted, and a recent lax on some of the quota laws allows for more goods to be shipped from Bengal, greatly increasing trade income. Cash crops continue to be grown in large amounts. With our merchants traveling to Ava, Kamarumpa and Arakan regularly, Islam continues to grow in their areas. Most all trade roads continue to see much-needed maintenance. Due to Bengal having control over lands of multiple ethnicities and religions, literary works in the form of poems continue to take influence from all three religions of the Sultanate. Urdu, also called Hindi by some, becomes more common in the Sultanate due to the mixing of Hindu and Islamic ideals. We continue to help finance the Plutocratic State of Jaunpur, Delhi Sultanate and Bahamani Sultanate by sending gifts directly to the nobles/sultans, offering loans from powerful trade bankers, and decreasing the trade taxes over all of Bengal, allowing more of our merchant goods to travel into those states. We also raise a portion of the Sultan's personal levy and then divide it to be sent out to the states' leaders, so that they can do with them what they wish in order to maintain order in their nation. The construction of schools and universities several years ago has led to an increase in scholars and literacy in our nation. Due to the removal of trade barriers among a majority of states in the Indian League, their merchants and ours begin to travel with increased mobility and goods, thereby increasing the trade income and output in the agreeing nations. Several Bengali merchants continue to sponsor gem mines in the Mogok area of Ava, due to the high concentration of gems such as rubies, sapphires, garnets and moonstones, and the first of many mines begin to return with more successes. Construction of ships based upon Castilian designs, granted to us by them, continues, in order to further our efforts to explore and trade. New crops begin to enter into several plantations (These weren't newly introduced to Bengal, they are just newly introduced to the plantations), Opium and Cannabis. The increasing need for an anthestetic due to many more surgeries in Bengal, simply due to an increasing population, leads Opium cultivation to become very lucrative and result in many plantations including in their crops. Cannabis becomes more popular, not simply due to its cultural history in Muslim societies, but also because of its popular use in several poetic works.
 * ​Emirate of Andamana: Illyas-Sasaska continues to reclaim land on the island to make room for farms, and to have timber for building both boats and houses. The Emirate expands another 500 km onto the island. The ships built by the timber from the island help contribute to Bengali trade. Continues working on economy and infrastructure.
 * Rajya of Orissa: Kapilendra Deva continues to listen to his advisers and bring about several reforms to his nation that make it more Islamic friendly, one of which is new, and calls for the creation of one mosque for each Hindu temple in the name of tolerance, when in reality, his advisers have prescribed this to bring about larger Islamic influence. The new University of Bhubanēśbara (Bhubaneswar) finishes construction and now houses several classes ranging from literature to economics.
 * Swargadeo of Kamarupa: Now vassalized by Bengal, the Swargadeo of Ahom continues to receive extensive help in creating viable farmland. They do this by continuing a process of land reclamation in the northern part of the state, which is largely marshy and thinly populated. This process of reclamation begins by using dikes, embankments and irrigation systems. The land reclamation, having been going on for decades, is extremely successful in creating viable farmland for rice, grain and other staple crops, increasing Kamarupa's population and their yearly trade output.
 * Grand Duchy of Bavaria: Bavaria expands its military. The population continues to rise. Grand Duke Franz-Albert and his council continue to allow the training of new troops. Several markets are constructed in Landshut as well as trade houses for Austrian and Castilian traders. In Austria, several new ships begin being constructed, with twenty-five very large cogs being finished, and by 1506 a trade route is put in place. Such important places in the trade route include Rome, Athens, Constantinople, Gibraltar, and the coasts of Brittany, due to a longstanding trade deal. Continuing in 1506, Franz-Albert commissions six cogs to sail around western Mediterranean coasts. The market center in Landshut continues to attract Bavarian and Venetian traders. In religious news, around 76% of the country adheres to the Western Church. Most adherents live around Munchen and Landshut. In other news, Bavaria continues implementing the Alliance and Merchant Act as well as the Militia and Navy Act. As Grand Duke, Franz-Albert continues hosting a largely Venetian court. However, many Bavarian families have intermingled with the Venetians, creating a distinct social class and identity. In national news, the common courts continue to be implemented around Bavaria as several of the lower class make use it of. The serf laws begin to be used as well. Skeptics who theorized that the serf laws would mark no profound change in society begin to be proven wrong. In 1506, as many as two hundred serfs sue for their freedom. Franz-Albert begins to ponder a law that would fully abolish serfdom, seeing how it has more or less deteriorated in Bavaria. The wild unpopularity of these laws begin to wear off as well. Franz-Albert further incorporates the Collegiate Writs, allowing many more lower class men to enter college. In legal news, Franz-Albert continues implementing the Bavarian Commands. Franz-Albert sends letters around Europe, pertaining to a royal marriage for his second son, Prince Charles (8). In imperial news, Franz-Albert is elected to the Imperial Chancellery. Seeing as how he cannot preside as chancellor while ruling from Landshut, the Grand Duke makes plans to leave for Augsburg. He declares Countess Elisabeth as Regent of Bavaria and grants her the title of Grand Duchess Regent. Seeing as how she is the second regent to be named Elisabeth (after her grandmother) Franz-Albert recommends she names herself 'Elisabeth II, Regent of Bavaria'. Franz-Albert will still nominally be the Grand Duke. However, his power would not be effective if he lives in Augsburg. Elisabeth accepts this position and soon makes way for Landshut. She declares her husband, Vittorio Erani as Count Regent of Saxony and Thuringia. However, worrying that the local population would not like an Italian overlord, Elisabeth proclaims Albrecht Wairmarsch and Magnus von Wulfbreht as co-regents and councillors of the County government. Vittorio Erani warily accepts this development and hopes unrest is dodged. Elisabeth moves south to Landshut to assume governmental responsibilities. In this year, the national census is published, showing that the Grand Duchy of Bavaria has a population of 3,401,493. The majority of the population live in Bavaria proper, where there is 2,987,500 people. Saxony and Thuringia host about 450,000, while the rest of the population live in Burgau, Wurzburg, and Burggraschaft. Roughly 74% of the country are still serfs.
 * Munchen: By 1506, the total class of Queen Isabell University amounts to about 4610 men. Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The Collegiate Writs begin to draw more men to college.
 * Straubing: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Ingolstadt: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burgau: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Nurnburg: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burggrafschaft: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Bamberg: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Wurzburg: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. A religious change begins occurring in Wurzburg upon the ascension of Franz-Albert, where many more Western Christians begin inhabiting the bishopric. The clergy begins being alarmed and they fear displacement. An envoy dispatched by Franz-Albert attempts to quell their fears.
 * Thuringia: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II and Count Regent Vittorio continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Countess Elisabeth normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion.
 * Saxony: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II and Count Regent Vittorio continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Countess Elisabeth normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion.
 * Alexandria and Aiguptia: Trade continues to increase as the ports are re-established. More people are converted to Coptic Christianity due to the See of Saint Mark's presence. Many Muslims reconsider their faith seeing the prosperity that Christians live in. Resources are sent to Aiguptia to maintain and protect the canal as that process continues and workers are encouraged to go seek out this opportunity. The economy continues to pick up as trade expands to SE Asia. . The land acquired from Yemen by the Red Sea continues to see a port town established for sailors and merchants to rest before going into the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean, there is a medium increase in population as more people look to get into the trade business and travel from Castile and the Netherlands requires a stop for their sailors. In the province of Judea soldiers are to protect both Christian, Islamic and Jewish pilgrimages. Small amounts of conversions in Judea take place mainly converting Christians and Muslims to Coptic Christianity. Alexandria moves troops into the south as the region is to keep the region calm and free of revolt. OTL Goa and Karachi continue to become a massive destination for Alexandrian trades and relationships continued to be established. Grigorios' engineers continue plans of a reconstructed lighthouse on the cite of the citadel. Relations are continued with the nation Vijaynagar, an we continue establish more posts along the coast, especially at Goa. Immigration from traders and trading families increases to the trade enclaves in Alexander's Strait and the Somali enclaves. Alexandria's soldiers are sent to fight the rebels in the south and in Cairo. Asks fellow Christian nations in Nubia and Eastern Europe for assistance to end the islamic revolt. The Red Sea Trade Company is formed in order to deal with states along the Red Sea and creating safe and constant trade in the area. It is owned by the Great Eastern Sea Trade Co and is also a royal charter from Kafta and Grigorios. MIl Turn'.' Vassalization of Makuria and Alodia begins (Turn Five of X). Girgorios will serve as an advisor  to Kafta.
 * Ethiopia: Grigorios and Kafta begins creating and developing relationships with local leaders. Shortly after the treaty everyone settles back into normal lifestyles. Soldiers are sent to Alexandria. Kafta becomes the ruler. Mil Turn.
 * Cyrencia: Is put under semi autonomy in a vassal state relationship. Naval ports are built. Conversions occur. Mil Turn.
 * Shahdom of Verkana: Shah Farbod Bavandid turns away from reforming the civil service system, finishing up the projects and reforms within this part of the realm. He continues to reform the military, focusing more specificly on the army. He continues to import more modern weapons. Reforms are implemented in the training programs of the military to teach the army how to use the new weapons. The Shah starts a project in the capital of Rast. He plans to build a large fire temple in the centre of the city. The greatest scholars of the realm are invited to the capital to start the translation of Zoroastrian holy scripts to the many dialects of the region. The Shah supports the conversion of the populace to Zoroastrianism, officially making Zoroastrianism the state religion of the nation. A son is born to Farbod and his wife, and he is named Omid Bavandid.
 * Tawatinsuyu: Economy improves. The size of the army hits 23,000. Cuzco, Machu Picchu, and Chan Chan are developed further, populations of these cities hits 237,000, 111,000, and 130,000 respectively. Population across the empire hits 1,494,000. Reformation of the farming system continues as crops produce better yields. Research into medicine and Sciences continues, with advancements being made allowing for greater care of the sick and injured. Rebuilding and building continues across the empire. Culture merging continues. The empire is now divided into four districts, Cuzco-suyu (the area formerly known as the Kingdom of Cuzco) Aymara-suyu (the territories conquered in the two Cuzcan-Aymaran wars) Nazca-Suyu (area perviously known as the Ica-Nazca) and Chimu-suyu (the Ica-Nazca's northern vassals). Each of these districts acts similar to a state, with regional rulers being appointed by the Sapa-Inca. The process of culture blending begins to show effects, as Cuzcans live across the emipire now, taking there culture with them. While Cuzcans are the largest ethnic group (~48%) they still do not make up 50% of the empire. The other ethnic groups are:Nazca (~16%), Chimu (~16%), Wankan (~8%) Aymara (~3%) and Other (2%). As the culuture blending continues, the rise of a new culture group begins. Known as Inca, this culture group makes up about 7% of the empire's population. This culture group is found mainly in the three "golden" cities. Inca is growing faster than Cuzcan and will over take Cuzcan (if an outside source doesn't get involved) in 29 years time. The enslavement of the Aymara people begins once again, though the ethnic purging is left out of the old formula. I keep getting signed out but this was posted by me.
 * Burjid Sultanate: Mosques continue to be constructed nationwide and thus the revival continues. Infrastructure continues too.
 * Lithuania: This turn is officially dedicated to economy. Trade between Moscow, Prussia, and other nations helps to amass wealth, which is partially used to finance infrastructural projects and military fortifications.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire continues to expand its trade across Europe, especially Northern Europe. The new firing mechanism of de Carlo, now increasingly called the leverlock, becomes spread throughout Europe as it becomes easier to manufacture. The leverlock is becoming increasingly common in the armed forces and the matchlock becomes more relagated to reserve units. The diplomats from the Mapuche nation are treated well and educated at the University of Constantinople. Most of them become sick within four months of their arrival, but most of them make a full recovery. They are educated in European languages, trade, law and Roman science.
 * Albania: The nation's military continues to expand.
 * Epirus: The nation's government begins to explore various ways of integrating itself back into the Roman Empire as even more Venetians and Italians flee.
 * Naxos: The economy expands. The Naxoan fleet is commissioned to five ships.
 * Ragusa: Trade continues to expand at the cost of Venice's former monopoly. The Ragusan navy is expanded to be a total of 300 ships, although most of these are trade ships and not military ships.
 * Hesse: We continue improving the infrastructure. We continue vassalizing Munster (Turn Two of Five).
 * Grand Duchy of Hamburg: the Treaty of Hamburg is signed. The economy begins to recover, and regular trips to Neue Lüneburg and Williamsburg return. With the signing of the treaty, Hamburgs presence in Holstein is eliminated for the time being, and the plans for the Cross-Holstein canal are put on indefinite hold. Shipbuilding begins to pick up, as scores were lost in the wars. The few Scandinavian ships captured during the Second Norse-German War ended up being torched to prevent their recapture, but extensive schematics were made prior to then, and modified designs of it are to become common in Hamburgs new navy. The HTSC soon restarts its trade routes.
 * Neue Lüneburg: Profits grow as trade increases.
 * Williamsburg: Trade increases.
 * France: Military, navy and economy are built up. The colony continues expanding with a small population of 2500 among both of the settlements and growing by 250 sq km. While this, explorers begin scouting the region reaching OTL Gulf of Uraba. Vassalization of the Auriennes (Turn Five of Seven/Eight) continues. The colonizations of the Aurienne coast continues spreading from New Orleans to the west, and from Sableville towards the west into the Veniselle Bay. While this, the control of Trier begins the blockade of the plans of France into a fully unified Gaul. However, leaving Belgium and Rhenish Territory under the Netherlands control to them as they are allies worthy of support.
 * Burgundy: Military and navy are built up. following France's declaration the Burgundians follow and invade the war leading several armies to cross the border with Trier.
 * Bourbon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Lorraine: Military and economy are built up. following France's declaration, Lorraine follows and invade the war leading several armies to cross the border with Trier.
 * Verdun: Military and economy are built up.
 * Saluzzo: Military and economy are built up.
 * Sardinia: Military and economy are built up. The population reaches 300 thousand once again. most of them Sardinians (41%) followed by the French (38%) and the Carthaginians (French Tunisians) (18%) and the remaining 3% of other groups.
 * Basel: Military and economy are built up.
 * Aargau: Military and economy are built up. The French presence begins to be felt. However, the attempts to establish a pro-Germanic government in order to avoid eventual uprisings, internal vassalization begins as well to fully convince German leadership.
 * Andorra: Military and economy are built up.
 * Africa: Military and economy are built up.
 * Trier: Military and economy are built up.
 * Julich: Military and economy are built up.
 * Zweibrucken: Military and economy are built up.
 * Aztec Empire: With the disease ravaging the people. We are exhuberent to receive the assistance of the Spanish. The infrastructure is expanded. Emperor Cuachtemoc begins to grow old and sees to it that Quatzecoatl and his eldest son manage the empire, if he should die. The population has dropped from three million to 2.9 million. Losing Atlocuapo, and northern regions of Atotonilco, have been catastrophic. We begin rebuilding some of the military bases, as nature has begun to intertwine itself inside it. The large arrays of hospitals are cherised. The people look to Emperor Cuachtemoc, who like his uncle, Montezuma II, favors one god, quite similar to these foreigners. Whom believe in "Christianity" or that's what the word sounds like, Kriss-shirt-sanctity, have been thoughts that that is what it's called. The Emperor opens his people up to the idea of a new religion, and the majority of the capital, begin to grow warm to it. We ask the Emperor Tlaco II to continue our prosperous alliance which has lasted over 100 years. We request the Spanish to teach us their religion, and some of the information about their world. We offer more gold to the Spanish.
 * Castile Dip: We demand in exchange for this Spaniards (Aragonians and Castilians) are allowed to move in and deploy troops into the Aztec nation. This is non-negotiable.
 * Hungary and all its vassals and puppets and states in personal union work on expanding their armed forces. There is an increase in trading between them all, along with increased trading with Moscovy and thus allows economic growth. Road construction also continues as for greater trade, better infrastructure is needed. Hungary also focuses highly on building better naval ships and upgrading old ships as well as putting many obsolete ships into retirement. Hungary demobilised many men after training them in a bid to make sure everything remains stable along with provide the men to work the field and harvest the grain once it has grown. This allows harvest levels to reach new highs as better practices have lead to increased yields. With Rome now allowing Hungary to use its ports at various locations, the large fleet can finally be brought into harbour at various points along the coast. Sigismund begins to sell the large number of ships aquired to various powers, although in moderate numbers, allowing Hungary to gain a wide amount of money and other types of trading deals. He hopes he can lease the former Venetian port in Eire along with hopefully gain easy access to Rumanian ports which will help to increase trading with the Tartary. Sigismund continues his plans to have more ships which are worthy of long distance travels. The shipyards continue to tear apart multiple ships and use their wood to create new and renovated ships. Dereglyes are a high priority, along with the construction of carracks. Yet it is easier to build caravels for the dockyards, and many do build them at a good speed. Sigismund allocates more supplies and funds for the Dereglyes, and they set off to explore the coast of Africa and discover for themselves the various nations talked about by other European powers. Hungary also enquires about setting up a dialogue with Rome to completely end any misunderstandings after the Venetian war.
 * Castile:   King Ferdinand unable to resist the opportunity of the new lands heard of immediately commissions more trading companies to cross the seas and scout out these new lands. Leaving from multiple points the fleets reach the new lands and immediately go their separate ways. One fleet, the smallest of the three composing of seven ships, sails south mapping and cataloguing go much farther south than they believed finding a huge natural harbor. This hints to these men to be the perfect place for a trade outpost as well as a city in the future. The Colony of Buenos Aires expands by (15 px) up the coast and establishes a captaincy farther south  (5 px). The Castilian populace reaches about 10.1 million and growing. The Kingdom itself begins to expand its armed forces to nearly 80,000 and sends more military ships to Monaco to protect it from any aggression. The Castilian forces begin training exercizes. The Navy also begins to make serious advances in technology and armed attack formations along with its pushes out into the wide seas. The Colony of Buenos Aires reaches a population of about 12,000 and growing with more families and women showing up. Castilian exploration ships begin exploring south to check out farther down the coast and look for the southern edge of the continent. Charles of Castile who had gone to the New World becomes governor of the Buenos Aires Colony. Castile accepts the previous Aztec offer and moves troops into the area to work on quarantine.


 * Kingdom of Aragon:  With Castilian assistance various infrastructural areas are rebuilt and the military is expanded to a token force of 10,000. Along with this support the Aragonian economy recovers slowly with a slow but controlled influx of Castilian economic aid helping Aragon recover. The ruling magistrate over Aragon signs a landmark trade deal with Castile which allows for Aragon's usage of Castile's large amounts of trade posts down the coast of Africa. The Aragonians now in control of the Spanish South African trading company fund the creation of the expansion of the Trade outpost into a formal colony to be settled much like Morocco and Granada were by Castile. The Colony of Cape Ferdinand expands 10 px up the coast and expands the captaincy down the coast now covering the mouth of the Orange River on the coast (5 px). It's mostly populated by Castilians who are the main people moving to the colonies. Aragon's population continues to be culturally integrated with the next generation speaking primarily Spanish with Catalan being phased out by the newer generation. Aragon recognizes Alexis of Castile as their Queen
 * Kingdom of Cyprus:  Cyprus gaining large funds from being a Castilian trade hub, begins building a few ships domestically, and purchases ships from Castile, or her allies shipwrights forming a respectable Cypriot navy of almost 90 ships with expected expansion to come. This expansion has been achieved specifically thanks to huge amounts of outsourcing to private shipwrights. Cyprus begins to see an exodus of the Knights Hospitaller west to Castile and her territories and King Matthias begins a larger recruitment for the military managing to raise a force of nearly 10,000. This force is largely funded through the large trade Cyprus has gathered. The troops are styled after Castile's royal army and Cyprus embarks on an intense training program in order to bring them up to standards. The Knights, with many departing, also have many older and other knights stay due to their close ties with Cyprus. They remain to run the Knights Hospitaller in Cyprus for the foreseeable future while a large number have migrated across the sea. The Kingdom of Cyprus due to the recent issues in Castile reluctantly recognizes Carlos and his Regency for Prince Ferdinand. Cyprus itself with its fleet of nearly 100 ships begins to take after the Venetian example with trade and begins to put Cypriot merchant ships into state possession for trade in order to help with the kingdom's finances and heavy trade. This show immediate results as a relative increase in funding and attention to trade between Castile and her allies begins to improve the quality of trade. The Assassins Guild sets up in Cyprus looking to prevent issues in the kingdom with corruption and serving as their base into Muslim countries. The King of Cyprus on his deathbed declares that a vote by the nobles on whether to join Castile will be held and a public forum will be held on what the people think of this.
 * Kingdom of Morocco:  The country begins the construction of various canals and cultivates trees farther inland to help increase arable farmland. The Moroccan economy continue to expand with greater trade coming from Castile and the Canaries all the way down to Capo Verde increasing the relative wealth. The Kingdom with many canals having been completed has vastly expanded its farmland among other things. Morocco's total population reaches one million with Christianity becoming dominant in the area. Calne-Vicuna is finished and is opened as an center for Christianity in North Africa with a library said to rival old Alexandria's. The Moroccan Assassins Guild forms and spreads keeping the peace and killing the corrupt as well as making Morocco much more peaceful for Castilian Rule. The Kingdom of Morocco officially enters into a personal union with Castile following the magistrates and princes deeming it unneccesary for the King to not have full control in the country. The Magistrates, however, are fully re-instated to continue as they were just under direction of the King of Castile.
 * Kongo:  The Kingdom begins to work toward a trade and production economy focusing on helping provide resources for Castile's burgeoning West African trade network. The King of the Kongo converting to Christianity and being baptised begins to call for the expansion of ports to the best of the Kongolese architects' abilities. With the King also adopts the name John, in favor of the king who began these exploratory operations down the coast of Africa. The King also organized a band of Christian soldiers who help keep the peace who also begin to help with conversions to Christianity as a series of missionaries and high level priests from the Western Church have come on a ship hearing of many pagans and heretics to convert. The King makes multiple successful campaigns against various of the petty kings in Kongo killing two of them and leaving the third on the run. The Christianization of multiple areas is completed and multiple others are begun. The Kingdom of the Kongo in an attempt to increase economic output and trade begins to export a moderate amount of raw materials to Castile and begins to push toward heavy exploitation methods if possible.
 * Mapuche: With the defeat by the Spanish a royal governor is appointed by the Castilians. The governor immediately goes to work to prevent his workforce from being killed by disease and to prevent revolts and by immediately marching groups of about 1000 people to the colonial capital. These people are immediately transferred onto available ships and throughout the year are sent up the coast via Spanish ships to a location unknown to the Mapuche. The Mapuche also continue to see major issues from European contact are given orders to isolate themselves if they are sick to prevent further expansion of the disease. The governor also manages to gain a force of about 200 as a garrison.  The Mapuche people begin to see the first mixed children between Spanish and Mapuche people. The Spanish institute the Ecomienda system. However, the Spanish governor, in order to keep control of the people, orders the Spanish heads of the system to treat the natives fairly in order to prevent mass deaths from overworking and resentment. Spanish farming techniques have definitely prevented starvation as the Mapuche continue to expand towards the coast building a road to connect it all. The Spanish governor, also using the local Mapuche as scouts, is able to expand much more than the Buenos Aires colony and uses this to his advantage to secure more land to be able to turn over to Spanish settlers. The Royal Governor expands by 1000 sq km down the coast using captured prisoner natives as labor for this.
 * Maya:  With the outright collapse of the Mayan government complete the Spanish institute a royal governor who assumes command of the troops. The Mayan armed forces have been all but wiped out and the Spanish along with their native auxiliaries begin the absolute wipe out of their armed forces and securing of multiple cities and settlements. Many of the villages are left completely ransacked. However, an insightful priest says that destroying the cities will result in long term resentment that could never be repaired and instead they should be made Spanish-Maya hybrid. The new Royal Governor seeing wisdom in this declares that the cities will not be ransacked and a moderate tribute of gold and silver is demanded by the Spanish. The 2000 troops remain in the country and begin to establish areas along the coast suitable for Spanish settlement. The military and economy of the Maya under Spain is developed and roads are upgraded to Spanish standards. An expected expansion program is to be undertaken in the next few years.
 * Zapoteca: With the number of immune people in the population growing, disease begins to dwindle in the Empire. The Spanish aid is greatly appreciated. The Emperor continues financing Spanish settlers to come to the kingdom and marry into the population. Trade increases and continues with the Spanish. Tlaco II expands roadways connecting cities in the alliance to help merchants and soldiers move more freely between them. The military, which had been outdated for many years, continues to be upgraded. The economy booms with trade as a result of the roads. In the coastal regions under Danibaan's influence, more boats are created. Tlaco II orders more to be manufactured to bring in goods from the sea. Pressure continues to be asserted on Itzapam to join the Zapotec-Spanish sphere.

1507
'''A widespread pro-Shia and pro-Safavid uprising breaks out in Anatolia against the Ottoman Empire. Several royal caravans are raided, accounting for the death of several influential officials and the robbery of goods in the area.'''

Following the general uprising occurring in China, a rebellion in Japan also forces the pro-Chinese forces out of the island chain.

The nation of Great Zimbabwe conquers several neighboring tribes south of their realm, spreading their influence to the Madagasikara border.
 * Portugal: Continues a notable buildup in military strength and allows for a vigorous training program on the existing military forces attempting to train them up heavily. Meanwhile, the administration continues to be reformed, and agriculture and commerce are encouraged. Meanwhile, Portugal continues to develop its navy. Meanwhile, Portuguese traders continue visiting the Castilian settlements in the Canaries. Meanwhile, wheat continues to be cultivated in Leiname. By this time, the colony in Leiname starts to export wheat to Portugal. Meanwhile, some Portuguese explorers continue to explore the African coast. The Açores continue to be settled. Meanwhile, the new ships that been developed, called naus, and that are similar to the Castilian carracks, begin to be used. Naval explorations directed to the west continue, after news that new lands may have been found there. Meanwhile, Santa Cruz expands north by 1800 sq km. Meanwhile, pau-brasil (brazilwood) starts to be extracted in the colony. Meanwhile, a village called São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro is founded in the the new colony. The colony itself expands 200 sq km.
 * Aztec Empire: With the disease ravaging the people. We are exhuberent to receive the assistance of the Spanish. The infrastructure is expanded. Emperor Cuachtemoc begins to grow old and sees to it that Quatzecoatl and his eldest son manage the empire, if he should die. The population has dropped from 2.9 million to 2.8 million. Losing Atlocuapo, and northern regions of Atotonilco, have been catastrophic. We begin rebuilding some of the military bases, as nature has begun to intertwine itself inside it. The large arrays of hospitals are cherised. The people look to Emperor Cuachtemoc, who like his uncle, Montezuma II, favors one god, quite similar to these foreigners. Whom believe in "Christianity" or that's what the word sounds like, Kriss-shirt-sanctity, have been thoughts that that is what it's called. The Emperor opens his people up to the idea of a new religion, and the majority of the capital, begin to grow warm to it. We ask the Emperor Tlaco II to continue our prosperous alliance which has lasted over 100 years. We request the Spanish to teach us their religion, and some of the information about their world. We offer more gold to the Spanish.
 * Prussia: The Prussians begin to develop their military. The Prussians continue to build their new navy.
 * Courland: The Curonians also continue developing their military.
 * Estland: Ossel-Wiek also continues developing their military. Duke Franz continues to reshape the face of Arensburg.
 * Marrikuwuyanga Empire: The Marrikuwuyanga had constructed large temples in honour of the Emperor. Trading with the Ayutthaya had proved beneficial for the Empire, and not only were the Marrikuwuyanga able to acquire muskets, they were also able to find a market for their sale of iron ore. Meanwhile, Marrikuwuyanga's influence continued to increase within the neighbouring tribes and the military was strengthened as the military gained access to the muskets via Ayutthaya and its production had started albeit at a very slow scale. Trade boosted Marrikuwuyanga's economy. The crop yield increased annually and so did the population. We expand 50 px along the western coast. The Emperor rejected offers by the Ayutthaya to provide 1000 soldiers or iron, with the Emperor putting pressure on the Ayutthaya to instead provide modern weaponry. Meanwhile, the Marrikuwuyangan economy was not affected by the storm at Philidelphi but was badly shaken, when pirates blocked the Straits of Malacca and various nations rebelled against the Ayutthaya.
 * Timor: Having established dominance over the island, the Emperor was keen on making sure there was no rebellion by the natives and soon after marching as conquerors, the tribal leaders were bombarded with gifts by the Marrikuwuyangan Emperor who assured them that they would be allowed to keep their power as tribal leaders as long as they recognized Emperor Yada Gulpilil as their God. Meanwhile, military and navy were strengthened, although it was the navy that got much more attention.
 * Marrikuwuyanga Diplomacy: The Dutch are not allowed to trade with the natives of Timor and are requested to leave the islands. Meanwhile, the Emperor is under pressure from the tribe elders who believe they could establish a much better relationship with the Dutch instead of Ayutthaya
 * Dutch activities: Ignoring the "emperor's" ban Dutch traders continue their activities trading with the Timor natives and expanding their trade network in the South East Indies.
 * |onte continues to have a large surplus of grain. Though adopting "western farming", the idea of "the tribe" is still very much so alive, as people always share the crops they have grown, or the animals they have hunted amongst the community. Mon's children advocate the planting of trees in small groves. Throughout the year, Mon's children go elephant hunting, though it is very dangerous, as they are hunting them with arquebuses, and the whole process requires much co-ordination. However, the results are said to be spectacular, as the tribe gains new wealth in the collected ivory, and the elephant meat is considered a rarity. The season resulted in six elephants being killed. Much of the younger generation knows how to hunt, and begin to help their parents, increasing the prosperity of the tribe. Not only do they know how to hunt, but in accordance with tribal tradition, each one of them may become a warrior if the need be, trained both in the arquebus and the bow, though the arquebus is gaining much ground against the arrow. |onte is becoming very rich with money made from elephant hunting, as they have nothing to spend the money on. Ma-n!o continues to police his "Rikisi-ate", hunting down the remaining native men. Niko sends coconuts to |onte at a cheap price. |on is taught by the tribesmen to their new wives and children. Mon II returns from China, bringing along with him some Yueh peasants. He teaches Debarubo some of the Chinese script, and begins planning a way of how it could be used for |on. Debarubo takes time to consolidate the recently earned lands, and raiding his new frontiers. Debarubo plays with the concept of claiming his family as the "Rikisis" of |onte.
 * France: Military, navy and economy are built up. The colony continues expanding and growing by 1000 sq km each settlement. While this, explorers begin scouting the region reaching OTL Gulf of Uraba. Vassalization of the Auriennes finally finishes. The colonizations of the Aurienne coast continues spreading from New Orleans to the west, and from Sableville towards the west into the Veniselle Bay. While this, the control of Trier begins the blockade of the plans of France into a fully unified Gaul. However, leaving Belgium and Rhenish Territory under the Netherlands control to them as they are allies worthy of support. The vassalage of the Guixirienne begins (the Guajirean peoples).
 * Burgundy: Military and navy are built up. following France's declaration the Burgundians follow and invade the war leading several armies to cross the border with Trier.
 * Bourbon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Lorraine: Military and economy are built up. following France's declaration, Lorraine follows and invade the war leading several armies to cross the border with Trier.
 * Verdun: Military and economy are built up.
 * Saluzzo: Military and economy are built up.
 * Sardinia: Military and economy are built up. The population reaches 300 thousand once again. most of them Sardinians (41%) followed by the French (38%) and the Carthaginians (French Tunisians) (18%) and the remaining 3% of other groups.
 * Basel: Military and economy are built up.
 * Aargau: Military and economy are built up. The French presence begins to be felt. However, the attempts to establish a pro-Germanic government in order to avoid eventual uprisings, internal vassalization begins as well to fully convince German leadership.
 * Andorra: Military and economy are built up.
 * Africa: Military and economy are built up.
 * Trier: Military and economy are built up.
 * Julich: Military and economy are built up.
 * Zweibrucken: Military and economy are built up.
 * Grand Duchy of Hamburg: the country continues to rebuild from the war. Duke Friedrich II, now seven, continues to grow and learn, preparing for when he comes to power on his fifteenth birthday. The loan from the Netherlands begins to be paid back, Hamburg is still grateful to the Netherlands for said loan, following the economic downturn following the Second Norse-German War. Hamburg's trade power in the Baltic begins to regrow with the commissioning of new ships. Whaling picks up as well following the wars. After debate, it is decided to not seek an independent outpost in Greenland, opting instead to continue using the adequate facilities on Oldenburg's colony there.
 * Williamsburg: Trade increases.
 * Neue Lüneburg: Expands by 4 px.
 * Madagasikara, under King Esteban's leadership, continues to grow more and more distrustful of the upstart Kingdom if Great Zimbabwe. Some radical leaders, including diehard Christian missionaries eager to spread the gospel into the African bush, even suggest potential warfare to force the new state to become a tributary, but the king dismisses these ideas for now. Naval development continues, due to increased trade with Spain and other more advanced nations. Urban cities like Mahajanga, Morondova, and Antsiranana continue to increase in population, as do the countrysides (especially in Christian Sakalavan communities). Economy turn.
 * Sofala and Mozambika focus on continuation of the policy of fortifying the border and also wage small tribal wars which are easily won thanks to superior technology. Work on a trans-Sofala road continues at the behest of the local ruler. Meanwhile, culture emanates from Sofala and Pembara.
 * County of Oldenburg: The county's overseas outposts are the main subject of attention this year. The facilities in Dietrichdorf, Neu Borkum (in Greenland) are improved and another warehouse is built to cope with rising demand from Hessian and Oldenburger whalers. The colony in Greenland is expanded 500 sq km along the coast. Similar things occur in Neu Baltrum, where several small stone huts are built as rustic accomodation for the wealthier whalers (the rest sleep in tents or on the ships). A few merchants and their families, as well as a dozen soldiers, move to Neu Bruchhausen. The Oldenburger side expands 200 sq km West along the coast as a tiny "factory" (basically a stone house with a tiny wooden wall around it, housing an agent and some soldiers) is built along the coast to facilitate trade with the natives. Back home, major roads are repaired and improved. (Infrastructural turn).
 * Prince-Bishopric of Osnabruck: The City Church of Saint Andrew is nearing half-way to exterior completion. Unlike the grand cathedrals, which take decades and centuries to build, this city church is small and a relatively easy build. Nonetheless, it still provides a good source of work for the city's masons and carpenters.
 * Safavid Empire: We build up our military and navy. We continue to build walls and outposts around our capital city. The building of the biggest mosque in the nation is continuing now. Port cities are being rebuilt. More ships are being made for our navy. Our own version of guns are being made. Farming is becoming one of the most important industries, besides blacksmithy, trading and fishing. The building of the first college in the capital city is continuing. Guns are now mass produced in our country. We continue to make more woodblock printing presses for our libraries. Prototype cannons at three feet long are continuing to be made. A trade route from our home country to Oirat is mapped out. People are now trading with each other on this trade route Foreign exchange banks are becoming popular in our country due to the ETA (Eurasian Trade Agreement). Trade has increased due to the ETA. A new art form is continuing to be drawn. It is a mix of Safavid, Oirat and Mughal art. Our art is continuing to be popular with all of the nation around us. We continue to vassel Khanate of Khiva by bringing in troops and Islamic leaders to influence them in our way. Trade goes well with the Dutch merchants.
 * The Nation of the Oirats: Cement and iron increase in production. Iron weapons are now majorly used. As we increase in population, we slowly target our expansion northward. We expand 75 px to the north. We continue to develop our firearms. We continue to study the printing press and make more of them. We begin building up our military and create even tougher practices. We expand our settlement at North Baikal Lake. We begin sending our soldiers next to the Baikal Jurchens. 50,000 soldiers are sent to the north of Baikal Lake and another 10,000 is in a small naval base on Baikal lake. We continue building up on our border against the Baikal Jurchens. We send our cannons to the Baikal border and we construct ships on the Baikal border. Our Khan, Gorut Khan, dies after an injury in a hunting accident and a major general, Xiao, declared a coup d'etat and took over Oirat. The Xiao Khan had large amounts of aristocratic support, who believed that the centralization of Oirat would destroy all power of the aristocrats. The New Xiao Khan proclaims the Nation to be changed to Liao and continues trade agreement in the ETA. The New Xiao Khan begins crushing some rebellions and continues the stationing of the army next to Baikal.
 * Yakutsk: We expand by 200 sq km.
 * Oirat D: We ask the Jianzhou Jurchens to form the Great Eurasian Alliance with us.
 * Oirat D: We ask for trade relationships with European nations.
 * Oirat D: We ask Oyo how did they reach us.
 * Liao D to China: We break away from Chinese vassalization but wish to continue trade and sends 100,000 taels of gold to China.
 * Natigosetg L’nu: Although most of Natigosteg ha snow gained immunity to cholera or died, the disease strikes Labrador with equal force. Expansion stops as people flee the towns for isolated farms. Immune survivors take up farming, since it is easier to supply large amounts of food with less manpower. Farmers continue selectively growing tea for cold resistance, although the drink itself becomes more popular among the elite. Ungava expands 1000 km south along the coast, sending Mdawinnist shamans to preach among the Inuit tribes. Influence grows, especially over the Kitimat Inuit south of the colony (Turn Two of Five). The return of the ship sent to Europe is greeted with great excitement. Although one mercenary has died on the voyage, the other, Johan Schultz, organizes the L’nu military into Swiss-style pike columns. Thousands of pikes are quickly produced, and the soldiers are trained in pike warfare. Meanwhile, the hired gunsmith begins producing arquebuses. A dozen have been made by year’s end -  all of which, although crude, are treasured by Yaldan.
 * Montaganis: Under Chakhun, the Montagnais continue to adopt farming. They expand 4000 km north, up the Gespeg (OTL La Grande) River, planting maize, rice and wheat as they go. They also begin to herd cows and reindeer in larger groups.
 * Stop Influencing tribes that are not even disorganized states on the map. All expansion is from your own nation now. Sorry, but it's getting out of hand -Feud 
 * Sorry, I assumed it was allowed when I saw the Marrikuwuyanga Empire doing it.
 * Fusahito Theocracy: The Emperor continues with his personal campaign against the slave trade, partly as a moral crusade, but also as a way to limit the power of the feudal lords and as a symbolic representation of the strength of the Theocracy. The religious police continue to crack down on  the slave trade, with full authority to arrest, interrogate and punish anybody suspected of opposing the Emperor's decrees - including the nobility. Imperial warships continue to patrol the coasts of the Theocracy, with any ship and crew found to be carrying slaves used as forced labour. As the size of the Imperial Navy is already high, due to several years of press-ganging slavers, newly captured slavers are sent to work in agriculture as a form of punishment. This accompanies a refocussing of Theocratic policy towards agriculture, after a fall in output caused by the outlawing of buying new slaves and a subsequent fall in the slave population. The Emperor begins to look at full emancipation,  believing that this would increase agricultural efficiency as the ex-slaves would work harder on their own land. Econ turn.  Due to the failure of the Ryukyu kingdom to respond to the Theocratic demands, the Emperor decalres war, promising the total annihilation of the state. Troops are again sent - along with siege weaponry that is still in place on Amami island from the last war.  The Emperor rejoices that Chinese influence has been vanquished in the Japanese Archipelago and presses for the creation of a centralised state in place of Chinese rule. The Emperor again asks the Ryukyu Kingdom to halt their role in the slave trade, after the Fusahito victory in the Ryukyu War. Also, the Emperor demands reparations to cover Fusahito costs, ammounting to 8000 bolts of silk, 500 tons of silver and 100 tons of spices to be paid over a period of six years. Mod response, please.


 * ​The Ryuku king hesitantly accepts, aknowledging his weakened position.
 * No offense, but I think mods just might have missed your post and forgot to answer. You should consult a mod unless your idea was to use the slavery as a motive to attack Ryukyu -Sky
 * Okay - I'll cross those bits out and ask for a mod response, thanks -Ozy
 * Rajya of Marwar: The economy begins to expand and the nation begins to influence Jaisalmer (Year twelve). During these events, Rao Raja Singh sends more architects from Marwar to the Mughal who would design Mandirs in the Mughal Empire and also for priests to spread Hinduism in the Mughal Empire. The nation also supports numerous marriages between members of the Rajput clans and Mughali noble families. (eco turn)
 * Mughal Empire: The economy of the nations is expanded and architects sent by Emperor-Khan Raja Singh ud-din Muhammad Bahadur issue the building of the already designed temples. The Mughali prosperity continues as the Eurasian trade agreement is set into motion. (eco turn). Muhammad Mirza, former Emperor of the Mughal Empire, and Lady Maria of Namur get married in a large ceremony on the Dutch court.
 * Southern Chagatai (PSFSCK): The economy is expanded.
 * Netherlands: The marriage ceremony in the Royal Court between Mirza and lady Maria is one of the biggest events of the year, and also the gossip of the whole Kingdom. Maurice congratulates the new couple and grants them a large estate in The Hague for the family to use as they see fit. The bourgeoisie continue to grow in power and wealth as trade with the Orient continues to bring in massive profits for the Netherlands. Karl van Nassau is fascinated with Mirza and the stories he tells of the orient and his infancy, along with all the tales of his travels. Karl begins spending increasing time with the Mughal Prince. Influence over the East Indies trading routes begins to grow as the Thai lose control over the East Indies and the Dutch in Batavia begin trading much more with the rest of the region as a result of this. The exploration of the New World continues as trading with some tribes in the Guiana begins. An expansion of trade on the African continent also occurs largely due to the growth of Louisville and New Friesland. The arts and sciences continue to flourish. The new architecture that is growing popular in the Dutch parts of the Netherlands begin to spread to the rest of the Kingdom taking on a more French style in parts of Flanders and across Wallonia. Miltary and naval expansion continue, and more of the Roman muskets are produced though still in low amounts.
 * Castile:   King Ferdinand unable to resist the opportunity of the new lands heard of immediately commissions more trading companies to cross the seas and scout out these new lands. Leaving from multiple points the fleets reach the new lands and immediately go their separate ways. One fleet, the smallest of the three composing of seven ships, sails south mapping and cataloguing go much farther south than they believed finding a huge natural harbor. This hints to these men to be the perfect place for a trade outpost as well as a city in the future. The Colony of Buenos Aires expands by (15 px) up the coast and establishes a captaincy farther south  (5 px). The Castilian populace reaches about 10.1 million and growing. The Kingdom itself begins to expand its armed forces to nearly 80,000 and sends more military ships to Monaco to protect it from any aggression. The Castilian forces begin training exercizes. The Navy also begins to make serious advances in technology and armed attack formations along with its pushes out into the wide seas. The Colony of Buenos Aires reaches a population of about 12,000 and growing with the more families and women showing up. Castilian exploration ships begin exploring south to check out farther down the coast and look for the southern edge of the continent. Charles of Castile who had gone to the New World becomes governor of the Buenos Aires Colony. Castile accepts the previous Aztec offer and moves troops into the area to work on quarantine.


 * Kingdom of Aragon:  With Castilian assistance various infrastructural areas are rebuilt and the military is expanded to a token force of 10,000. Along with this support the Aragonian economy recovers slowly with a slow but controlled influx of Castilian economic aid helping Aragon recover. The ruling magistrate over Aragon signs a landmark trade deal with Castile which allows for Aragon's usage of Castile's large amounts of trade posts down the coast of Africa. The Aragonians now in control of the Spanish South African trading company fund the creation of the expansion of the Trade outpost into a formal colony to be settled much like Morocco and Granada were by Castile. The Colony of Cape Ferdinand expands 10 px up the coast and expands the captaincy down the coast now covering the mouth of the Orange River on the coast (5 px). It's mostly populated by Castilians who are the main people moving to the colonies. Aragon's population continues to be culturally integrated with the next generation speaking primarily Spanish with Catalan being phased out by the newer generation. Aragon recognizes Alexis of Castile as their Queen.
 * Kingdom of Cyprus:  Cyprus gaining large funds from being a Castilian trade hub, begins building a few ships domestically, and purchases ships from Castile, or her allies shipwrights forming a respectable Cypriot navy of almost 90 ships with expected expansion to come. This expansion has been achieved specifically thanks to huge amounts of outsourcing to private shipwrights. Cyprus begins to see an exodus of the Knights Hospitaller west to Castile and her territories and King Matthias begins a larger recruitment for the military managing to raise a force of nearly 10,000. This force is largely funded through the large trade Cyprus has gathered. The troops are styled after Castile's royal army and Cyprus embarks on an intense training program in order to bring them up to standards. The Knights, with many departing, also have many older and other knights stay due to their close ties with Cyprus. They remain to run the Knights Hospitaller in Cyprus for the foreseeable future while a large number have migrated across the sea. The Kingdom of Cyprus due to the recent issues in Castile reluctantly recognizes Carlos and his Regency for Prince Ferdinand. Cyprus itself with its fleet of nearly 100 ships begins to take after the Venetian example with trade and begins to put Cypriot merchant ships into state possession for trade in order to help with the kingdom's finances and heavy trade. This show immediate results as a relative increase in funding and attention to trade between Castile and her allies begins to improve the quality of trade. The Assassins Guild sets up in Cyprus looking to prevent issues in the kingdom with corruption and serving as their base into Muslim countries. The King of Cyprus on his deathbed declares that a vote by the nobles on whether to join Castile will be held and a public forum will be held on what the people think of this.
 * Kingdom of Morocco:  The country begins the construction of various canals and cultivates trees farther inland to help increase arable farmland. The Moroccan economy continue to expand with greater trade coming from Castile and the Canaries all the way down to Capo Verde increasing the relative wealth. The Kingdom with many canals having been completed has vastly expanded its farmland among other things. Morocco's total population reaches one million with Christianity becoming dominant in the area. Calne-Vicuna is finished and is opened as an center for Christianity in North Africa with a library said to rival old Alexandria's. The Moroccan Assassins Guild forms and spreads keeping the peace and killing the corrupt as well as making Morocco much more peaceful for Castilian Rule. The Kingdom of Morocco officially enters into a personal union with Castile following the magistrates and princes deeming it unneccesary for the King to not have full control in the country. The Magistrates, however, are fully re-instated to continue as they were just under direction of the King of Castile.
 * Kongo:  The Kingdom begins to work toward a trade and production economy focusing on helping provide resources for Castile's burgeoning West African trade network. The King of the Kongo converting to Christianity and being baptised begins to call for the expansion of ports to the best of the Kongolese architects' abilities. With the King also adopts the name John, in favor of the king who began these exploratory operations down the coast of Africa. The King also organized a band of Christian soldiers who help keep the peace who also begin to help with conversions to Christianity as a series of missionaries and high level priests from the Western Church have come on a ship hearing of many pagans and heretics to convert. The King makes multiple successful campaigns against various of the petty kings in Kongo killing two of them and leaving the third on the run. The Christianization of multiple areas is completed and multiple others are begun. The Kingdom of the Kongo in an attempt to increase economic output and trade begins to export a moderate amount of raw materials to Castile and begins to push toward heavy exploitation methods if possible.
 * Mapuche: With the defeat by the Spanish a royal governor is appointed by the Castilians. The governor immediately goes to work to prevent his workforce from being killed by disease and to prevent revolts and by immediately marching groups of about 1000 people to the colonial capital. These people are immediately transferred onto available ships and throughout the year are sent up the coast via Spanish ships to a location unknown to the Mapuche. The Mapuche also continue to see major issues from European contact are given orders to isolate themselves if they are sick to prevent further expansion of the disease. The governor also manages to gain a force of about 200 as a garrison.  The Mapuche people begin to see the first mixed children between Spanish and Mapuche people. The Spanish institute the Ecomienda system. However, the Spanish governor, in order to keep control of the people, orders the Spanish heads of the system to treat the natives fairly in order to prevent mass deaths from overworking and resentment. Spanish farming techniques have definitely prevented starvation as the Mapuche continue to expand towards the coast building a road to connect it all. The Spanish governor, also using the local Mapuche as scouts, is able to expand much more than the Buenos Aires colony and uses this to his advantage to secure more land to be able to turn over to Spanish settlers. The Royal Governor expands by 1000 sq km down the coast using captured prisoner natives as labor for this.
 * Maya:  With the outright collapse of the Mayan government complete the Spanish institute a royal governor who assumes command of the troops. The Mayan armed forces have been all but wiped out and the Spanish along with their native auxiliaries begin the absolute wipe out of their armed forces and securing of multiple cities and settlements. Many of the villages are left completely ransacked. However, an insightful priest says that destroying the cities will result in long term resentment that could never be repaired and instead they should be made Spanish-Maya hybrid. The new Royal Governor seeing wisdom in this declares that the cities will not be ransacked and a moderate tribute of gold and silver is demanded by the Spanish. The 2000 troops remain in the country and begin to establish areas along the coast suitable for Spanish settlement. The military and economy of the Maya under Spain is developed and roads are upgraded to Spanish standards. An expected expansion program is to be undertaken in the next few years.
 * The Kingdoms of Great Albion (Scotland and England) - member nation of the UKGA: Many ships are modernized and replaced to keep the Royal Albion Navy a powerful forces on the high seas. Port Edmundburg continues to experience a growth in population. Albionic settlers continue to explore the surrounding areas. The dialect of English originally found in Scotland and the Eire grows so large that it covers most of the North of England. This new dialect is called Bythigish (portmanteau of Brython and English). English nobles begin to enjoy the Celtic myths of Eire and Scotland. The Templar Order continues to undercut the King's enemies and seeks ways to privately grow the power of the King and Albion as a whole. The Order buys up many smaller businesses and collectivizes some farms. The Order begins to expand into other areas of Europe, seeking to grow understanding as well as pushing Albionic ideals. Albion continues to explore  farther west and south. A clockmaker from Cambridge becomes popular for his accurate timepieces and the exquiste wood housing. He creates a chime for the St Mary's Cathedral, the chimes are called the Cambridge Chimes (OTL Westminster Quarters aka Big Ben's chime). The Chimes become so popular, other clock-makers incorporate the chimes into their clocks. The Crown Dominion of Hamburg does well this year, as an influx of trade begins to repair the wounds of several wars. The English Renaissance is born when several painters in London show off some impressive works. Trade with the Mughal Empire begins to boom.
 * King Sigismund of Hungary, in light of bettering relations between the two allies, enquires about being able to lease the former Venetian port in Dublin. In exchange, 200 ships (100 caravels, 50 galleys, 50 cogs) will be sold to Albion. Hungary hopes this deal will be favourable for both nations.
 * Calais: Military and navy are expanded.
 * Dublin: Dublin undergoes another remodel and expansion to the ports due to the massive influx of trade from Castile and Venice as well as an increased Eire trade.
 * Scotland: Expands navy and military. Pan Albion sentiments grow, Trade increases. Whiskey is traded down to central Albion.
 * Wales: Wales expands its military and navy. Cardiff becomes a large centre of trade for Wales. The Welsh appoint Adam Cyrdger as Royal Minister. The first sessions of parliament are held. Wales does not see as large a population boom as Albion or Scotland, but a minor one, centered around Cardiff and Swansea, does occur.
 *  Port Edmundburg expands by 1000 sq km east. The African colonists begin looking toward mining and other ventures to generate profit.
 * New Cambridgeshire: New Cambridgeshire expands by 1000 sq km west. Colonists begin to explore around the region and begin to have a large fishing boom. The Port of New Rotham is expanded to handle excess ships from Albion and other European nations. The people of New Rotham also begin an attempt to gain knowledge of farming in Borealia from Native Peoples.
 * Pskov's Exploeres, Dimitri Boyasin, and Feodor Krilov, publish their captain's logs, and their dealings with the Natives of "Kanata". Feodor Krilov and Dimitri Boyasin are dispatched again for a second voyage, but this time they were to bring back the native guests, regain their own men, and draw rough maps of the landscape, Feodor from the island of "Kooba" and Dimitri from "Kvebek". These translated works are spread throughout Europe, and the names "Kanata" start to be used outside of Pskov when refering to the North American Continent. The Explorers return a few months later, with Feodor Krilov going farther, mapping OTL Hispanola, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Florida, and having made contact with the nation calling themselves the "Aztec Empire". Having discovered they were arleady contacted, Pskov shows them Orthodox Christianity in an attempt to sway them from the Pope of Rome, and Feodor Krilov stays a while longer to try to gain the audience of the Aztec Emperor. Dimitri Boyasin returns having mapped OTL Gaspezie, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, PEI, and the east coast of the United States until Chesapeake Bay, Indeed proving to himself that the continent of Kanata is truly in the way of Pskov and China, now being confident that there is no easy way around it. While trading with the Iroquois, he discovers that they are bitter rivals with the Nomadic Algonquin, somewhat reminding him of the Samoyeds back in Russia. with gifts such as Russian fur coats, muskets, Mead, and Vodka, Pskov gains some trading partners throughout the Native tribes, as DImitri Boyasin stays for a while to learn some of their culture, staying in their village for about two weeks, recording his experiences in his memoirs, before recuperating his crew, giving the Natives back their three ambassadors, one having died of ilness along the way. They are not too thrilled, so the Pskovians quickly set sail back, but not without having traded their goods for some new supplies, pelts and some oddities, such as snowshoes (something they found rather ingenious), tobacco and other things. At home, Pskov pulled almost all its resources into its economy, trying to gain back the money spent on explorers. Feodor Krilov, while in the Antillies, manages to extract many different spices, and use them in food, to the delight of his fleet.
 * ​Would somebody explain why my posts continue to be crossed despite nothing being wrong with them, just see the "Pskov" section in the talk archives where the issue was resolved, and remember that exploration and contact =/= colonization, thank you. I uncrossed this because this issue was resolved about a month ago, all you need to do is go check the talk page archives. -Lx (leave me a message)Azarath Flag.png
 * Actually, I was wrong last turn, France sent its first explorer in 1524, and again in 1534, and started attempting colonization in 1541, and only succeeded finaly to have a permanant colony in 1608, all other attempts failing. So, it was about 84 years between the first explorer and the first permanant colony (but not attempted colony, or nearly succesful colony), So I believe I completely fill the "colonize in 1570" timescale by sending explorers now. -Lx (leave me a message)Azarath Flag.png
 * No, you do not. "Other" powers do not colonize until the 1600's - Period. This was fully decided by the moderators, any earlier will result in a crossout. Do not ignore this, Lx, like you did our last crossout. Any further ignoring of crossouts or removing them yourself will result in issues with all the moderators. -Feud
 * If you want me to follow that plausibly, I would also ask that you differenciate the concepts of colonization, limited trade and failed settlements with that of a permanent colony (although the only reason Oldenburg was a "minor" power was because it already somehow managed to get a colony in Greenland, before 1500 ... somehow ... ). Anyway, please keep in mind that exploration =/= colonization and trade =/= colonization and temporary (or failed) colony =/= permanant colony warranting any attention). Thank you for listening, and remembering events on the talk page. -Lx (leave me a message)Azarath Flag.png
 * Vorlayacor:  Using the guns confiscated from the Spanish during the war and their years of research, the teachers successfully build operationable matchlock muskets; Jarvan and Darius, delighted at the prospect of the War Band being able to match the European deathsticks, reward the teachers greatly and contract several metalworkers to produce these guns. Later in the year, members of the aggressive tribe from last year are driven off in a raid by a display of these matchlocks. The infrastructure of villages and larger towns, particularly Machitonis and Nov Xoryan, continues to improve. Disease flares up to a lesser degree, keeping the population stagnant.
 * Rumania: Stephen, now 32, continues to work on improving the economy. Iron, salt and coal mines dot the landscape. Coal begins to become a major resource produced. These mines provide the resources required by the foundries and traders on the coast. The growing mines require more processing facilities, which spur more development along the coast. More large shipyards open and the lumber industry continues to expand. The first Leverlock shop is supplemented by a much larger second, and hundreds are built and exported across the eastern Mediterranean. The Danube becomes a highway of commerce, hundreds of barges travel up and down its length transporting people, materials, goods, and ideas. As much as 9% of the nation has reached basic literacy, and the Moralists promote education of commoners by priests, in order to give everyone the opportunity to read the bible. Education among the elite is becoming almost mandatory.
 * The Consulate of Bulgaria: The economy continues to grow. The printing press spreads south into Bulgaria just as in Rumania. Ties with Rumania are strengthened; hundreds of Romanians move into the country, seeking cheap and productive land, and inter-marriage becomes very common. Bulgarians also begin to migrating to trade towns in Romania to seek more economic opportunities. Bulgarian populations in Rumania now represent a large minority, and the same can be said about Romanians in Bulgaria. Ethnic tensions are uncommon in both nations as multi-ethnic communities existed before the large migrations.
 * Austria: This turn in both our nation and in all our vassals is dedicated to military. We train and expand our military using new experience from recent wars, and grow our nation economically. In Morocco our position in Melilla is fortified. All fortifications around the region are rebuilt and manned by stationed guards in case of an attack. To protect Melilla the construction of a fortress outside the city is considered, although postponed for now. The port of Melilla is rebuilt to begin operation as a trade port and military outpost. Construction continues on a shipyard in the Melilla port to facilitate the construction and repair of friendly ships. Melilla is granted a permanent naval garrison in the city’s port to respond to dangers in the area, and to support the small garrison on land who mans the fortifications. Our position in Morocco is fortified by re-inforcements, bringing Melilla operational against attacks. For now, a small fleet is stationed in its harbor, while its garrison continues to hold the north and its supply lines, supporting our Christian brethren. With much of the Muslim population of Melilla left dead after the war against Morocco, the local government attempts to entice settlers by offering large quantities of land to Christian settlers. Many Europeans, particularly of German descent and/or from central Europe, begin settling the area around Melilla. With finances from Augsburg-based banking establishments, the Trieste Company continues to launch expeditions to West Africa. Abrechtburg has grown to a decently sized settlement, supporting a population of farmers, traders and a small garrison of soldiers. The town also houses a well furbished fort, armed with a small amount of cannons intended to defend the settlement and the harbor from any attack. Built out of necessity, the port at Abrechtburg is refurbished and expanded to support more trade ships, and allied countries are welcomed to trade and stay in the town. The second largest settlement in Westenland, Dominusburg, follows suit, finishing the construction of a port similar to Abrechtburg ‘s. Trade posts continue to be built and exploited, now numbering several dozen along the coast of Westenland and into allied territory. Our reliance on the Wolof becomes less so, but we sign a trade agreement with their nation to continue our positive relationship. Deals are made with the Wolof for slaves and other goods. Conversion of the natives begin around the settlement. Several bimereiches and caravels begin construction in Trieste, Melilla, Corfu, and other ports,  to further facilitate and protect overseas trade. Trade is increased with the Grand Duchy of Bavaria and other trade partners, bringing about new avenues of trade and commerce. Our settlements in Westenland expand 250 sq mi.
 * The Tartary continues to grow. The Khanate of Khiva, being influenced by the Safavids, begins to be influenced. The Siberian colony expands by 5000 sq km, as many people move. The economy also grows, with major cities and trade influence growing. The cities, especially Saint Theodore's City, are built up quite quickly, and large demographic growth is experienced. The military is also developed. Relations are improved with Hungary, and a trade delegation is sent to the mystical kingdom of France, renowed amongst merchants for its wealth.
 * Azov continues construction of Özu-Cale, especially centred around the fort, with Roman aid in regards to engineers. The fort rises quite quickly, but it'll take several years until it's complete. The population grows.
 * Perm also grows. The economy develops. The nation becomes increasingly dependent on the Tartary itself.
 * Kazakhstan develops its military, Centralisation continues.
 * Adyghea develops its military. Dependence with the Tartary grows.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire continues to expand its trade and produces more leverlocks for its armies. The military continues to patrol the newly gained regions from the Venetians and the fortifications of such regions are rebuilt and refortifyed. In Taurica, the new lands are integrated into the current Despotate of Taurica. Most of the Kipchak and Avar inhabitants migrate to continue their nomadic lifestyle in the Tartary. They are mostly replaced by Taurican and Greek frontiersmen. With the reports of the conflict happening in the Ottoman Sultanate, the government considers intervening, but the recent war with Venice generally precludes such an action. The Roman Empire accepts the offer of the Hungarians and invites them to a conference in Thessalonica when they are ready. The Exarchate of Phoenicia continues to prosper as Maronites are granted local government jobs in order to earn their loyalty.
 * Albania: The military expands its fleet of ships from five ships to seven ships. The military also expands its networks of fotifications into the new territories.
 * Epirus: The new government continues to explore options of how to integrate Epirus into the Roman Empire and rejoin Greece. The military rebuilds the fortifications and Epirus is granted permission to create a small navy of thirty ships, mostly galleys.
 * Naxos: The economy continues to recover, as olive oil, marble, and fish are all exported in order to help recover the economy and the economy of the Romans. The duke continues to search for a way to survive the impending annexation.
 * Ragusa: The navy continues to expand the trade of the new republic. As trade expands, the exports of silver, timber, wax, and wine all increase. A printing press is purchased from the Romans and books and Ragusan laws begin to be printed in Latin, Dalmatian, and Italian.
 * Eire (Member Nation of the UKGA): Eoghan O'Briain, intrigued by tales of a western land, goes on another voyage in a fleet of six ships sponsored by the King Tomas II, who has attained the title recently gained the title "the Enterprising" for his sponsorship of merchant-class enterprises and especially voyages of exploration. O'Briain is granted a charter by the Eiric Exploration company and gathers a group of traders, adventurers, farmers, and fortune seekers and establishes the colony Nuaphail at OTL Dalhousie (Newpale in English, after the barrier that surrounds the main town which reminds the Irish of the old barrier dividing English Ireland and Irish Ireland, only ironically, the Irish are the ones inside the Pale this time), with the main city being known as Nua Luimneach (New Limerick), as the area it is settled on is akin to the Eiric city of Limerick. Meanwhile, the military is built up, after the Scandinavian War, and bitterness rises against Hamburg and the HRE. The pidgin language that has been spoken in the port cities of Eire that is related to Brythenglish becomes an official language of Eire, with it being entitled "Albionic". Our explorers discover much of the land between OTL Cape Cod and Labrador, and claim it for the UKGA and all aligned native tribes. A map is drafted of these regions. Galway becomes the main center for Western trade and colonization.
 * Nuaphail: After the first year of the colony, the first major wave of settlers begins to arrive at the fledgling town of Nua Luimneach/Limerick. Composed of a diverse group of indentured servants, fortune-seekers, soldiers, missionaries, and free settlers, the vast majority are from Eire, specifically the port cities of Limerick, Tralee, and Galway, but a smattering are from other parts of Eire and even the kingdoms of Great Albion. We also begin to send single women, who are rewarded for their passage to the colony in money and other goods. Friendly relations are established with the Natigosteg L'nu, and other surrounding Mi'kmaq tribes though there are some raids, and we come to the L'nu with various trinkets and a picture of King Tomas II and one of the Eiric countryside. Due to the bounty of the surrounding area in natural resources, there is more than enough food, especially with the help of the L'nu, and the first batches of cod and lumber are exported. Missionaries of the Western Church are sent to all surrounding tribes, and we sail up the OTL St Lawrence as far as OTL Quebec City, with missionaries spreading the Faith and trinkets to native people in exchange for food and loyalties. We expand 1000 pixels along both the north and south shores of Chaleur Bay.
 * Shahdom of Verkana: Shah Farbod Bavandid continues reforming the military, sending a group of people to the Safavid Empire to learn of more modern training and command techniques and styles. More modern military technology continues to be imported. The Shah orders the southern border be fortified in the case of invasion or anything of the sort. The building of the large fire temple in the centre of the city continues. The fire temple shall be named M'Ebed Atesh(or Temple of Fire in English). Translation of the Zoroastrian holy texts continue, the Shah hoping the project to be done before the end of the decade. The Shah plans to travel along with an envoy filled with gifts of all sorts and kinds, to the fabled Roman Empire to west, next year. He hopes to open up relations with their realm.
 * Grand Duchy of Bavaria: Bavaria expands its military. The population continues to rise. Grand Duchess Regent Elisabeth II and her council continue to allow the training of new troops. Several markets are constructed in Landshut as well as trade houses for Austrian and Castilian traders. In Austria, several new ships begin being constructed, with twenty-five very large cogs being finished, and by 1507 a trade route is put in place. Such important places in the trade route include Rome, Athens, Constantinople, Gibraltar, and the coasts of Brittany, due to a longstanding trade deal. Continuing in 1507, Elisabeth commissions six cogs to sail around western Mediterranean coasts. The market center in Landshut continues to attract Bavarian and Venetian traders. In religious news, around 76% of the country adheres to the Western Church. Most adherents live around Munchen and Landshut. In other news, Bavaria continues implementing the Alliance and Merchant Act as well as the Militia and Navy Act. The Bavarian Court continues hosting a largely Venetian composition. However, many Bavarian families have intermingled with the Venetians, creating a distinct social class and gentry. In national news, the common courts continue to be implemented around Bavaria as several of the lower class make use it of. The serf laws begin to be used as well. Skeptics who theorized that the serf laws would mark no profound change in society begin to be proven wrong. In 1507, as many as two hundred serfs sue for their freedom. Franz-Albert, as well as Regent Elisabeth, begins to ponder a law that would fully abolish serfdom, seeing how it has more or less deteriorated in Bavaria. The wild unpopularity of these laws begin to wear off as well. Franz-Albert and Regent Elisabeth further incorporate the Collegiate Writs, allowing many more lower class men to enter college. In legal news, Elisabeth continues implementing the Bavarian Commands. Regent Elisabeth sends letters around Europe, pertaining to a royal marriage for her niece, Prince Charles (8). Franz-Albert continues to serve as imperial Chancellor. In 1507, Franz-Albert proposes a reform in the HRE. He proposes that an imperial currency be minted and used in the HRE. This currency may be pegged alongside native currencies, as the Venetian Ducat is. However, Franz-Albert theorizes that this currency will eventually become dominant in all lands under imperial sovereignty and strengthen the economy.
 * Munchen: By 1507, the total class of Queen Isabell University amounts to about 4610 men. Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The Collegiate Writs begin to draw more men to college.
 * Straubing: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Ingolstadt: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burgau: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Nurnburg: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burggrafschaft: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Bamberg: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Wurzburg: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. A religious change begins occurring in Wurzburg upon the ascension of Franz-Albert, where many more Western Christians begin inhabiting the bishopric. The clergy begins being alarmed and they fear displacement. An envoy dispatched by Franz-Albert attempts to quell their fears.
 * Thuringia: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II and Count Regent Vittorio continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Countess Elisabeth normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion.
 * Saxony: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II and Count Regent Vittorio continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Countess Elisabeth normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion.
 * Lombardy: Work continues on the Certosa di Pavia, the Castle Visconteo, and on the extensive Milan Cathedral. We continue training a proper standing army, utilizing Swiss mercenaries and local recruits. With border disputes now settled between the nations of Austria and Switzerland, we continue opening friendly relations with both nations in hopes of repairing our diplomatic relations and protecting our northern border. We continue constructing cogs and galleys to strengthen our navy and protect our interests on the seas. Our turn is dedicated to economy in both our nation and our vassals. Wallis is declared a vassal of our nation, and we continue influencing them.
 * Novgorod: We continue the production of ships, cannons, muskets, advanced crossbows, swords, and composite bows, increasing our military capabilities in case of war. The nation’s training and advancement of military continues. The recent classes of Koch ships are being manufactured in Novgorod. The town of St Patriksburg’s population grows a bit more that last year. As the construction of the town improves, the Kremlin finishes, trade becoming more in demand, the town gains slightly. Because of the trade road built with Tver our economy increases. After seeing a great success with the private schools in the cities of Novgorod, St Patriksburg, Staraya Russa, and Nizhny Novgorod. We start building another private school in Rostov and Yaroslavl. We complete building private schools in Torzhok and a private school in Staraya Ladoga. We dedicate this turn to economy. As fur traders and hunters begin to move into Karelia, the border is expanded 3000 sq mi directly to the north. We are pleased that peaceful terms have been met between us and Scandinavia, and we hope to improve relations in the future.
 * Tver: We complete the construction of the private school in Tver and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Yaroslavl, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to economy.
 * Yaroslavl: We complete the construction of the private school in Yaroslavl and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to economy.
 * Rostov: We completed the construction of the private school in Rostov and start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Yaroslavl, Muscovy. We dedicate this turn to economy.
 * Karelia: We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to economy.
 * Tawatinsuyu: Military improves. The size of the army hits 25,000. Cuzco, Machu Picchu, and Chan Chan are developed further, populations of these cities hits 248,000, 124,000, and 140,000 respectively. Population across the empire hits 1,658,000. Reformation of the farming system continues as crops produce better yields. Research into medicine and the sciences continues, with advancements being made allowing for greater care of the sick and injured. Rebuilding and building continues across the empire. Culture merging continues. The empire is now divided into four districts, Cuzco-suyu (the area formerly known as the Kingdom of Cuzco) Aymara-suyu (the territories conquered in the two Cuzcan-Aymaran wars) Nazca-Suyu (area perviously known as the Ica-Nazca) and Chimu-suyu (the Ica-Nazca's northern vassals). Each of these districts acts similar to a state, with regional rulers being appointed by the Sapa-Inca. The process of culture blending begins to show effects, as Cuzcans live across the emipire now, taking there culture with them. While Cuzcans are the largest ethnic group (~48%) they still do not make up 50% of the empire. The other ethnic groups are:Nazca (~15%), Chimu (~16%), Wankan (~7%) Aymara (~3%) and Other (2%). As the culuture blending continues, the rise of a new culture group begins. Known as Inca, this culture group makes up about 9% of the empire's population. This culture group is found mainly in the three "golden" cities. Inca is growing faster than Cuzcan and will over take Cuzcan (if an outside source doesn't get involved) in 29 years time. The enslavement of the Aymara people begins once again, though the ethnic purging is left out of the old formula. I keep getting signed out but this was posted by me.
 * Bengal Sultanate: The decrease in taxes on the landed elite does its job in most areas of the Sultanate, decreasing the tax load on the peasantry and earning him their support. The tax cuts on the merchant class allow for more trade to be conducted, and a recent lax on some of the quota laws allows for more goods to be shipped from Bengal, greatly increasing trade income. Cash crops continue to be grown in large amounts. With our merchants traveling to Ava, Kamarumpa and Arakan regularly, Islam continues to grow in their areas. Most all trade roads continue to see much-needed maintenance. Due to Bengal having control over lands of multiple ethnicities and religions, literary works in the form of poems continue to take influence from all three religions of the Sultanate. Urdu, also called Hindi by some, becomes more common in the Sultanate due to the mixing of Hindu and Islamic ideals. We continue to help finance the Plutocratic State of Jaunpur, Delhi Sultanate and Bahamani Sultanate by sending gifts directly to the nobles/sultans, offering loans from powerful trade bankers, and decreasing the trade taxes over all of Bengal, allowing more of our merchant goods to travel into those states. We also raise a portion of the Sultan's personal levy and then divide it to be sent out to the states' leaders, so that they can do with them what they wish in order to maintain order in their nation. The construction of schools and universities several years ago has led to an increase in scholars and literacy in our nation. Due to the removal of trade barriers among a majority of states in the Indian League, their merchants and ours begin to travel with increased mobility and goods, thereby increasing the trade income and output in the agreeing nations. Several Bengali merchants continue to sponsor gem mines in the Mogok area of Ava, due to the high concentration of gems such as rubies, sapphires, garnets and moonstones, and the first of many mines begin to return with more successes. Construction of ships based upon Castilian designs, granted to us by them, continues, in order to further our efforts to explore and trade. New crops begin to enter into several plantations (These weren't newly introduced to Bengal, they are just newly introduced to the plantations), Opium and Cannabis. The increasing need for an anthestetic due to many more surgeries in Bengal, simply due to an increasing population, leads Opium cultivation to become very lucrative and result in many plantations including in their crops. Cannabis becomes more popular, not simply due to its cultural history in Muslim societies, but also because of its popular use in several poetic works.
 * ​Emirate of Andamana: Illyas-Sasaska continues to reclaim land on the island to make room for farms, and to have timber for building both boats and houses. The Emirate expands another 500 km onto the island. The ships built by the timber from the island help contribute to Bengali trade. Continues working on economy and infrastructure.
 * Rajya of Orissa: Kapilendra Deva continues to listen to his advisers and bring about several reforms to his nation that make it more Islamic friendly, one of which is new, and calls for the creation of one mosque for each Hindu temple in the name of tolerance, when in reality, his advisers have prescribed this to bring about larger Islamic influence. The new University of Bhubanēśbara (Bhubaneswar) finishes construction and now houses several classes ranging from literature to economics.
 * Swargadeo of Kamarupa: Now vassalized by Bengal, the Swargadeo of Ahom continues to receive extensive help in creating viable farmland. They do this by continuing a process of land reclamation in the northern part of the state, which is largely marshy and thinly populated. This process of reclamation begins by using dikes, embankments and irrigation systems. The land reclamation, having been going on for decades, is extremely successful in creating viable farmland for rice, grain and other staple crops, increasing Kamarupa's population and their yearly trade output.
 * ​Emirate of Andamana: Illyas-Sasaska continues to reclaim land on the island to make room for farms, and to have timber for building both boats and houses. The Emirate expands another 500 km onto the island. The ships built by the timber from the island help contribute to Bengali trade. Continues working on economy and infrastructure.
 * Rajya of Orissa: Kapilendra Deva continues to listen to his advisers and bring about several reforms to his nation that make it more Islamic friendly, one of which is new, and calls for the creation of one mosque for each Hindu temple in the name of tolerance, when in reality, his advisers have prescribed this to bring about larger Islamic influence. The new University of Bhubanēśbara (Bhubaneswar) finishes construction and now houses several classes ranging from literature to economics.
 * Swargadeo of Kamarupa: Now vassalized by Bengal, the Swargadeo of Ahom continues to receive extensive help in creating viable farmland. They do this by continuing a process of land reclamation in the northern part of the state, which is largely marshy and thinly populated. This process of reclamation begins by using dikes, embankments and irrigation systems. The land reclamation, having been going on for decades, is extremely successful in creating viable farmland for rice, grain and other staple crops, increasing Kamarupa's population and their yearly trade output.

1508
'''A widespread pro-Shia and pro-Safavid uprising breaks out in Anatolia against the Ottoman Empire. Several royal caravans are raided, accounting for the death of several influential officials and the robbery of goods in the area. '''

'''A Japanese revolt occurs in Chinese possessions in Japan that result in the territory breaking away from China and establishing independent rule. '''

'''The nation of Great Zimbabwe conquers several neighboring tribes south of their realm, spreading their influence to the Madagasikara border. '''

'''Having consolidated rule over the former provinces and territories of the Mali Empire, the nation of Songhai expands to the northeast, conquering the nation of Jenne. '''

In Rome, Pope Alexander V dies, and in the subsequent conclave, the Napolitan Oliviero Carafa is elected Pope, taking the papal name of Celestine IX.

'''As the Khoekhoe smallpox epidemic ends, the !Xóõn begin suffering from the illness. They spread it to the Zulu and Xhosa. Smallpox ravages several small cities in the region.''' Maya: With the outright collapse of the Mayan government complete the Spanish institute a royal governor who assumes command of the troops. The Mayan armed forces have been all but wiped out and the Spanish along with their native auxiliaries begin the absolute wipe out of their armed forces and securing of multiple cities and settlements. Many of the villages are left completely ransacked. However, an insightful priest says that destroying the cities will result in long term resentment that could never be repaired and instead they should be made Spanish-Maya hybrid. The new Royal Governor seeing wisdom in this declares that the cities will not be ransacked and a moderate tribute of gold and silver is demanded by the Spanish. The 2000 troops remain in the country and begin to establish areas along the coast suitable for Spanish settlement. The military and economy of the Maya under Spain is developed and roads are upgraded to Spanish standards. An expected expansion program is to be undertaken in the next few years.
 * Portugal: Continues a notable buildup in military strength and allows for a vigorous training program on the existing military forces attempting to train them up heavily. Meanwhile, the administration continues to be reformed, and agriculture and commerce are encouraged. Meanwhile, Portugal continues to develop its navy. Meanwhile, Portuguese traders continue visiting the Castilian settlements in the Canaries. Meanwhile, wheat continues to be cultivated in Leiname. By this time, the colony in Leiname starts to export wheat to Portugal. Meanwhile, some Portuguese explorers continue to explore the African coast. The Açores continue to be settled. Meanwhile, the new ships that been developed, called naus, and that are similar to the Castilian carracks, begin to be used. Naval explorations directed to the west continue, after news that new lands may have been found there. Meanwhile, Santa Cruz expands north by 1800 sq km. Meanwhile, pau-brasil (brazilwood) starts to be extracted in the colony. Meanwhile, the colony of São Sebatião expands 200 sq km.
 * Prussia: The Prussians begin to develop their military. The Prussians continue to build their new navy.
 * Courland: The Curonians also continue developing their military.
 * Estland: Ossel-Wiek also continues developing their military. Duke Franz continues to reshape the face of Arensburg.
 * Grand Duchy of Bavaria: Bavaria expands its military. The population continues to rise. Grand Duchess Regent Elisabeth II and her council continue to allow the training of new troops. Several markets are constructed in Landshut as well as trade houses for Austrian and Castilian traders. In Austria, several new ships begin being constructed, with twenty-five very large cogs being finished, and by 1508, a trade route is put in place. Such important places in the trade route include Rome, Athens, Constantinople, Gibraltar, and the coasts of Brittany, due to a longstanding trade deal. Continuing in 1508, Elisabeth commissions six cogs to sail around western Mediterranean coasts. The market center in Landshut continues to attract Bavarian and Venetian traders. In religious news, around 76% of the country adheres to the Western Church. Most adherents live around Munchen and Landshut. In other news, Bavaria continues implementing the Alliance and Merchant Act as well as the Militia and Navy Act. The Bavarian Court continues hosting a largely Venetian composition. However, many Bavarian families have intermingled with the Venetians, creating a distinct social class and gentry. In national news, the common courts continue to be implemented around Bavaria as several of the lower class make use it of. The serf laws begin to be used as well. Skeptics who theorized that the serf laws would mark no profound change in society begin to be proven wrong. In 1508, as many as two hundred serfs sue for their freedom. Franz-Albert, as well as Regent Elisabeth, begins to ponder a law that would fully abolish serfdom, seeing how it has more or less deteriorated in Bavaria. The wild unpopularity of these laws begin to wear off as well. Franz-Albert and Regent Elisabeth further incorporate the Collegiate Writs, allowing many more lower class men to enter college. In legal news, Elisabeth continues implementing the Bavarian Commands. Regent Elisabeth sends letters around Europe, pertaining to a royal marriage for her nephew, Prince Charles (8) and niece, Princess Mary (5). Franz-Albert continues to serve as imperial Chancellor. In 1508, Franz-Albert continues to serve his office as imperial Chancellor, having recently championed a currency reform.
 * Munchen: By 1508, the total class of Queen Isabell University amounts to about 4500 men. Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The Collegiate Writs begin to draw more men to college.
 * Straubing: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Ingolstadt: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burgau: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Nurnburg: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burggrafschaft: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Bamberg: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Wurzburg: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. A religious change begins occurring in Wurzburg upon the ascension of Franz-Albert, where many more Western Christians begin inhabiting the bishopric. The clergy begins being alarmed and they fear displacement. An envoy dispatched by Franz-Albert attempts to quell their fears.
 * Thuringia: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II and Count Regent Vittorio continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Countess Elisabeth normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion.
 * Saxony: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II and Count Regent Vittorio continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Countess Elisabeth normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion.
 * Roman Diplomacy: The Romans are interested in securing a marriage agreement for Mary and one of the Emperor's sons.
 * |onte continues to have a large surplus of grain. Though adopting "western farming", the idea of "the tribe" is still very much so alive, as people always share the crops they have grown, or the animals they have hunted amongst the community. Mon's children advocate the planting of trees in small groves. Throughout the year, Mon's children go elephant hunting, though it is very dangerous, as they are hunting them with arquebuses, and the whole process requires much co-ordination. However, the results are said to be spectacular, as the tribe gains new wealth in the collected ivory, and the elephant meat is considered a rarity. The season resulted in six elephants being killed. Much of the younger generation knows how to hunt, and begin to help their parents, increasing the prosperity of the tribe. Not only do they know how to hunt, but in accordance with tribal tradition, each one of them may become a warrior if the need be, trained both in the arquebus and the bow, though the arquebus is gaining much ground against the arrow. |onte is becoming very rich with money made from elephant hunting, as they have nothing to spend the money on. Ma-n!o continues to police his "Rikisi-ate", hunting down the remaining native men. Niko sends coconuts to |onte at a cheap price. |on is taught by the tribesmen to their new wives and children. Mon II begins teaching children in the vicinity of the Kunene how to read, causing great interest amongst children of these strange characters, that give them a new form to play. Debarubo takes time to consolidate the recently earned lands, and raiding his new frontiers. Debarubo plays with the concept of claiming his family as the "Rikisis" of |onte.
 * Grand Duchy of Hamburg: The infrastructure, heavily damaged in the war, is repaired. Ships continue to be produced and commissioned, both for the merchant fleet, and the shattered navy. With the new and improved designs, exploration is restarted, with a new expedition to India planned for 1510.
 * Magdeburg: Military is expanded.
 * Williamsburg: Trade increases.
 * Neue Lüneburg: Expands by 4 px.
 * France: Military, navy and economy are built up. The colony continues expanding and growing by 1000 sq km each settlement. The vassalage of the Guixirienne begins (the Guajirean peoples). As the colony grows more settlers travel to the mainland of the Nouvelle Orleans and into the now friendly Aurienne empire in the south (Quimbaya, FTW!) The population of the colony reache around 22,000 thousand mostly composed of settlers and a few more in the Aurienne kingdom. While this, the ambassador from the Tartars arrive and the first attempts to establish relations with them begins. A group of a 20 diplomats of Aurienne and their servants are sent to Tartary as well as a group of French diplomats.
 * Oyo Diplo: The Oyo Empire wishes to trade with the French people, setting up a port of trade in your lands for the Oyo to operate out of, and in exchange, you will benefit greatly from the wealth brought to your ports.
 * Burgundy: Military and navy are built up.
 * Bourbon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Lorraine: Military and economy are built up.
 * Verdun: Military and economy are built up.
 * Saluzzo: Military and economy are built up.
 * Sardinia: Military and economy are built up.
 * Basel: Military and economy are built up.
 * Aargau: Military and economy are built up. The French presence begins to be felt. However, the attempts to establish a pro-Germanic government in order to avoid eventual uprisings, internal vassalization begins as well to fully convince German leadership.
 * Andorra: Military and economy are built up.
 * Africa: Military and economy are built up.
 * Trier: Military and economy are built up.
 * Julich: Military and economy are built up.
 * Zweibrucken: Military and economy are built up.
 * Aurienne: The kingdom begins establishing its control over the regions sending a dozen of "diplomats" into Europe to establish more active relations with the French and their allies. Military and economy are built up., the nation expands both west and east towards the colonies of the French. Some locals begin dying from small pox and other known European diseases.
 * Marrikuwuyanga Empire: The Marrikuwuyanga had constructed large temples in honour of the Emperor. Trading with the Ayutthaya had proved beneficial for the Empire, and not only were the Marrikuwuyanga able to acquire muskets, they were also able to find a market for their sale of iron ore. Meanwhile, Marrikuwuyanga's influence continued to increase within the neighbouring tribes and the military was strengthened as the military gained access to the muskets via Ayutthaya and its production had started albeit at a very slow scale. Trade boosted Marrikuwuyanga's economy. The crop yield increased annually and so did the population. We expand 50 px along the western coast. The mining of iron had started in large scale and the military produced large number of swords, spears etc. Meanwhile, the Marrikuwuyangan economy was not affected by the storm at Philidelphi but was badly shaken, when pirates blocked the Straits of Malacca and various nations rebelled against the Ayutthaya.
 * Timor: Having established dominance over the island, the Emperor was keen on making sure there was no rebellion by the natives and soon after marching as conquerors, the tribal leaders were bombarded with gifts by the Marrikuwuyangan Emperor who assured them that they would be allowed to keep their power as tribal leaders as long as they recognized Emperor Yada Gulpilil as their God. Meanwhile, military and navy were strengthened, although it was the navy that got much more attention.
 * Natigosteg L'nu: Even as cholera dies out, a fresh epidemic of smallpox strikes the L'nu. Yaldan is forced to use the military to keep order as rioting crowds try to flee infected towns. Instead, though, a quarantine is imposed on them, keeping the disease restricted. The L'nu expand 1000 km along the Churchill and La Grande (OTL) Rivers, overrunning Montagnais territory. As more people move north, where diseases seem less prevalent, Ungava expands 1000 km south east. The military reorganization continues, with more pike columns being trained in Swiss style. Arquebusiers are also trained. Meanwhile, the cavalry, trained as lancers, also become an important arm. Tea plants continue to be cultivated for cold and salt resistance ; they can now be grown as far north as the north coast, and experimental plantings in Labrador are surviving. Two new carracks are built, while the others are sent to bring the previous years' taxes to Albion, along with loads of tea, of which there is a surplus. Consumption spikes, leading some to consider forming a company to regulate it.
 * You may not expand over 5000 sq km total over your turn. Also, slow down. The maximum is under optimal conditions. You just had a major disease that will continue to be a problem for nearly 200 years - if not more. Your expansion would be no more than 2500-3000. -Feud
 * County of Oldenburg: Military built up. The new "North Atlantic Trade" (Oldenburg-Neu Baltrum-Neu Borkum-Neu Norderney and back) continues making solid profits for the OHG. In the short Neu Norderney stopover, the company ships load up with timber from the Neu Norderney forests to take back to Neu Borkum, Greenland, where wood is in short  supply.
 * Prince-Bishopric of Osnabruck: The City Church of Saint Andrew continues being built.
 * Safavid Empire: We build up our military and navy. We continue to build walls and outposts around our capital city. The building of the biggest mosque in the nation is continuing now. Port cities are being rebuilt. More ships are being made for our navy. Our own version of guns are being made. Farming is becoming one of the most important industries, besides blacksmithy, trading and fishing. The building of the first college in the capital city is continuing. Guns are now mass produced in our country. We continue to make more woodblock printing presses for our libraries. Prototype cannons at three feet long are continuing to be made. A trade route from our home country to Oirat is mapped out. People are now trading with each other on this trade route Foreign exchange banks are becoming popular in our country due to the ETA (Eurasian Trade Agreement). Trade has increased due to the ETA. A new art form is continuing to be drawn. It is a mix of Safavid, Oirat and Mughal art. Our art is continuing to be popular with all of the nation around us. We continue to vassel Khanate of Khiva by bringing in troops and Islamic leaders to influence them in our way. Trade goes well with the Dutch merchants. Most of the slaves we receive from Oyo are either put into the military or used as builders. We encourage Dutch merchants ans Oyo slaves to marry Persian citizens. We thank Mansuriyya Caliphate for letting our leader's son marry your daughter. Also relations become better between Mansuriyya Caliphate and us.
 * Two things: first, you can't get the Dutch to marry locals. You don't control the Dutch, but you can promote it - not that it will do anything really. Second, slaves can't marry Muslims. Read up on Muslim laws. With Blood and Iron (talk) 16:38, May 20, 2014 (UTC)
 * Actually you can ... Has happened a lot. However, Muslims can't marry non-monotheists. Muslims can't have other Muslims as slaves. Which would lead the slaves to convert, or be Christians. Saamwiil, the Humble 22:45, May 20, 2014 (UTC)
 * The Great Liao Empire: Cement and iron increase in production. Iron weapons are now majorly used. As we increase in population, we slowly target our expansion northward. We expand 75 px to the north. We continue to develop our firearms. We continue to study the printing press and make more of them. We begin building up our military and create even tougher practices. We expand our settlement at North Baikal Lake. We begin sending our soldiers next to the Baikal Jurchens. 50,000 soldiers are sent to the north of Baikal Lake and another 10,000 is in a small naval base on Baikal Lake. We continue building up on our border against the Baikal Jurchens. We send our cannons to the Baikal border and we construct ships on the Baikal border. We ramp up our military to protect ourselves against a possible attack from China to retake us into vassalship.
 * Yakutsk: We expand by 200 sq km.
 * Liao D: We ask the Jianzhou Jurchens to form the Great Eurasian Alliance with us.
 * Liao D: We ask for trade relationships with European nations.
 * Liao D: We ask Oyo how did they reach us.
 * Liao D to China: We continue to send compliments of joy and wish them well in their revolt to show friendliness.
 * God: Beloved child, Oyo never reached you. They'd only mistaken you for another nation in South East Asia.
 * Fusahito Theocracy: The Emperor continues with his personal campaign against the slave trade, following the Ayutthaya example and completely outlawing the chattel slavery in the state, as a means to decrease the power of the feudal lords. Whilst there is opposition to the extremity of this decree, this is quickly cracked down on by the religious police, with many of the smaller landowners being arrested or simply killed. To deal with the Decree on Emancipation, a land bank is set up, whereby ex-slaves are able to settle land in remote parts of the Empire, particularly the Date Province. However, whilst chattel based slavery is outlawed, debt based slavery is kept legal, even in some cases encouraged. This is done to protect the Emperor's interests and to prevent an open revolt against the unpopular measures introduced. In the meantime, the  Emperor rejoices that Chinese influence has been vanquished in the Japanese Archipelago and presses for the creation of a centralised state in place of Chinese rule. Financial and economic support is given to the newly independent state, with the Emperor beginning to draw it in the direction of the Theocracy. Year One of Sixteen.
 * It's the Hosokawa daimyo, just FYI. -Sky
 * Pskovian Explorers return, with new maps of the Continent of Kanata, the New World. Pskov Works on the economy, and exotic items from the enw world are horaded by wealthy traders. In other news, Pskov sends some more aid to Scandinavia, and Gains money. The Pskov Treasury bank starts issuing official Promissary Notes, like the ones they have in China, but these ones are a promise to pay the bearer of the bond in gold, i.e. instead of withdrawing cash, witch is heavy, the bearer can simply get a paper note with the promised ammount, the official printed paper money denomination by the bank are 0.25 rubles, 0.5 rubles, 1 ruble, 2 rubles 3 rubles 5 rubles, 10 rubles 15 rubles, 1 zolotnik, 3 zolotniks, 5 zolotniks, 15 zolotniks, 25 zolotniks, 50 zolotniks, and 100 zolotniks. (econ turn)
 * Rajya of Marwar: The economy begins to expand and the nation begins to influence Jaisalmer (Year thirteen). During these events, Rao Raja Singh sends more architects from Marwar to the Mughal who would design Mandirs in the Mughal Empire and also for priests to spread Hinduism in the Mughal Empire. The nation also supports numerous marriages between members of the Rajput clans and Mughali noble families. (eco turn)
 * Mughal Empire: The economy of the nations is expanded and architects sent by Emperor-Khan Raja Singh ud-din Muhammad Bahadur issue the building of the already designed temples. The Mughali prosperity continues as the Eurasian trade agreement is set into motion. (eco turn). Muhammad Mirza after marrying Lady Maria, begins writing a book on the Dutch lands, culture and society.
 * Southern Chagatai (PSFSCK): The economy is expanded.
 * Oyo Empire: The Oyo continue their expansion of the navy, increasing the number of eranko warships in their possession, and expanding their trade fleets to bring the wealth of the world to their shores. Trade with the Oirats, Safavids, Zanzibari, and Indian territories, with many of those goods bound for sell in Europe where they are highly sought after. The military, economy and infrastructure of the nation are expanded, and the construction of castles and fortresses continue. Asaaju Olorun dies, and his eldest son, Ajani, replaces him as Oyo's ruler.
 * Benin: Benin continues to expand its navy with the aid of Oyo, expanding the navy to about thirty ships, of which six are nlanla class. The military, economy and infrastructure are expanded. A census is conducted by Oyo, showing a population of 2,415,804 people, of which 60,000 are soldiers, and another 100,000 avaliable for immediate mobilization.
 * Mali: The military, economy and infrastructure are expanded in Mali, and the military forces expanded to 75,000 soldiers in light of the Songhai advances in other parts of the region, calling for a much larger military force to guard against potential aggression. The Oyo conduct a census in the land, revealing a population of 5,172,252 people.
 * This makes absolutely no sense. First of all, you're a West African nation and you are trading in Asia with an East Indian Company. Second of all, you somehow managed to reach the Oirats despite there being no access to the Oirats through the sea. The only route is through the Mughals or China and I don't remember Mughals ever allowing Oyo merchants to pass through its lands. Oyo didn't even pass the Straits of Malacca to go through the Chinese route so basically you magically reached the Oirats and there are still questions as to how you even came to know about the Oirats. Moving on, the population of Benin in 1960 was 2.432 million and you have a population of 2.415 million in 1509. The population of Mali in 1960 was 5.099 million and you have 5.172 million in 1509 which further makes everything confusing because I don't think any sort of genocide ever took place in Mali or Benin. Anyway, so you also now have warships which you apparently copied from Castile because they just 'visited' you. Basically, your entire turn makes no sense. RexImperio (talk) 18:47, May 20, 2014 (UTC)
 * So I just noticed ... You reached Marrikuwuyanga territory as well ... Like seriously? Just stop ... Mughals, Bengal and China were not allowed and a West African tribal state reaches Australia. RexImperio (talk) 18:51, May 20, 2014 (UTC)
 * You clearly have no understanding of medieval demographics and territories. Medieval Mali was MASSIVE and had a population between 25-40 million people. That's just one fact amoungst many. Come back when you've actually researched the TIME PERIOD before you research the REGION, and then try to tell me something. ~Viva
 * Netherlander Diplomacy: Representatives of the Crown and of the East india Company warn Oyo to keep well out of the East Indies and not to interfere with Dutch trade in the region.
 * Oyo Response: You do not own the seas nor the treasures within. Unless God himself designates you ruler of the oceans, you have no say to who or what enters and exits. You would do well not to interfere in our trade interests as well. Stay well clear of us, and we will of you.
 * I can't even believe there's a discussion here- the Dutch are just exerting influence in South East Asia and a tribal African nation has formed the 'Oyo East Indian Company' and is opening negotiations with Australian tribes ... seriously? Ozymandias2 (talk) 22:06, May 20, 2014 (UTC)
 * Oh the ignorance. It hurts. "Tribal" is a term used for a group which has no state-building infrastructure or lack the political capital to form a true nation. All of the medieval Nigerian nations were true nations, not "tribes". And it was my belief that the empire you speak of was in Indonesia, not Australia. So get your facts straight and comprehend the fact that this is ATL. Nations can develop and expand, which I've done for the last eighty years. Why you don't get that escapes me. Who knows. Maybe if you read the stuff instead of throwing off ignorant statements, this would be a different "disscussion". ~Viva
 * Netherlands:  Maurice congratulates the new couple and grants them a large estate in The Hague for the family to use as they see fit. The Bourgeoisie continue to grow in power and wealth as trade with the Orient continues to bring in massive profits for the Netherlands. Karl van Nassau is fascinated with Mirza and the stories he tells of the orient and his infancy, along with all the tales of his travels. Karl begins spending increasing time with the Mughal Prince. Influence over the East Indies trading routes begins to grow as the Thai lose control over the East Indies and the Dutch in Batavia begin trading much more with the rest of the region as a result of this. The exploration of the New World continues as trading with some tribes in the Guiana begins. An expansion of trade on the African continent also occurs largely due to the growth of Louisville and New Friesland. The arts and sciences continue to flourish. The new architecture that is growing popular in the Dutch parts of the Netherlands begin to spread to the rest of the Kingdom taking on a more French style in parts of Flanders and across Wallonia. Miltary and naval expansion continue, and more of the Roman muskets are produced though still in low amounts.
 * Shahdom of Verkana: Shah Farbod Bavandid continues reforming the military, though he starts finishing up the reforms he has put into place. He continues to import highter tech weaponry from foreign nations. He starts to get reports from the people he sent to the Safavid Empire to learn of better techniques and tactics. The southern border continues to be fortified, the Shah ordering small forts be built along the border. Construction of M'Ebed Atash continues, the Shah hoping it be done within the time of one or two summers. Translation of the Zoroastrian holy texts continue, the Shah hoping the project to be done by the end of the decade. The Shah and his envoy filled with gifts of many different sorts travels to Constantinople, and request an audience with the fabled Roman Emperor. His Marshall Sepehr is appointed Regent while the Shah is abroad on his journey.
 * Castile: King Ferdinand unable to resist the opportunity of the new lands heard of immediately commissions more trading companies to cross the seas and scout out these new lands. Leaving from multiple points the fleets reach the new lands and immediately go their separate ways. One fleet, the smallest of the three composing of seven ships, sails south mapping and cataloguing go much farther south than they believed finding a huge natural harbor. This hints to these men to be the perfect place for a trade outpost as well as a city in the future. The Colony of Buenos Aires expands by (15 px) up the coast and establishes a captaincy farther south (5 px). The Castilian populace reaches about 10.1 million and growing. The Kingdom itself begins to expand its armed forces to nearly 80,000 and sends more military ships to Monaco to protect it from any aggression. The Castilian forces begin training exercizes. The Navy also begins to make serious advances in technology and armed attack formations along with its pushes out into the wide seas. The Colony of Buenos Aires reaches a population of about 12,000 and growing with the more families and women showing up. Castilian exploration ships begin exploring south to check out farther down the coast and look for the southern edge of the continent. Charles of Castile who had gone to the New World becomes governor of the Buenos Aires Colony. Castile accepts the previous Aztec offer and moves troops into the area to work on quarantine
 * Kingdom of Aragon: With Castilian assistance various infrastructural areas are rebuilt and the military is expanded to a token force of 10,000. Along with this support the Aragonian economy recovers slowly with a slow but controlled influx of Castilian economic aid helping Aragon recover. The ruling magistrate over Aragon signs a landmark trade deal with Castile which allows for Aragon's usage of Castile's large amounts of trade posts down the coast of Africa. The Aragonians now in control of the Spanish South African trading company fund the creation of the expansion of the Trade outpost into a formal colony to be settled much like Morocco and Granada were by Castile. The Colony of Cape Ferdinand expands 10 px up the coast and expands the captaincy down the coast now covering the mouth of the Orange River on the coast (5 px). It's mostly populated by Castilians who are the main people moving to the colonies. Aragon's population continues to be culturally integrated with the next generation speaking primarily Spanish with Catalan being phased out by the newer generation. Aragon recognizes Alexis of Castile as their Queen.
 * Kingdom of Cyprus: Cyprus gaining large funds from being a Castilian trade hub, begins building a few ships domestically, and purchases ships from Castile, or her allies shipwrights forming a respectable Cypriot navy of almost 90 ships with expected expansion to come. This expansion has been achieved specifically thanks to huge amounts of outsourcing to private shipwrights. Cyprus begins to see an exodus of the Knights Hospitaller west to Castile and her territories and King Matthias begins a larger recruitment for the military managing to raise a force of nearly 10,000. This force is largely funded through the large trade Cyprus has gathered. The troops are styled after Castile's royal army and Cyprus embarks on an intense training program in order to bring them up to standards. The Knights, with many departing, also have many older and other knights stay due to their close ties with Cyprus. They remain to run the Knights Hospitaller in Cyprus for the foreseeable future while a large number have migrated across the sea. The Kingdom of Cyprus due to the recent issues in Castile reluctantly recognizes Carlos and his Regency for Prince Ferdinand. Cyprus itself with its fleet of nearly 100 ships begins to take after the Venetian example with trade and begins to put Cypriot merchant ships into state possession for trade in order to help with the kingdom's finances and heavy trade. This show immediate results as a relative increase in funding and attention to trade between Castile and her allies begins to improve the quality of trade. The Assassins Guild sets up in Cyprus looking to prevent issues in the kingdom with corruption and serving as their base into Muslim countries. The King of Cyprus on his deathbed declares that a vote by the nobles on whether to join Castile will be held and a public forum will be held on what the people think of this.
 * Kingdom of Morocco: The country begins the construction of various canals and cultivates trees farther inland to help increase arable farmland. The Moroccan economy continue to expand with greater trade coming from Castile and the Canaries all the way down to Capo Verde increasing the relative wealth. The Kingdom with many canals having been completed has vastly expanded its farmland among other things. Morocco's total population reaches one million with Christianity becoming dominant in the area. Calne-Vicuna is finished and is opened as an center for Christianity in North Africa with a library said to rival old Alexandria's. The Moroccan Assassins Guild forms and spreads keeping the peace and killing the corrupt as well as making Morocco much more peaceful for Castilian Rule. The Kingdom of Morocco officially enters into a personal union with Castile following the magistrates and princes deeming it unneccesary for the King to not have full control in the country. The Magistrates, however, are fully re-instated to continue as they were just under direction of the King of Castile.
 * Kongo: The Kingdom begins to work toward a trade and production economy focusing on helping provide resources for Castile's burgeoning West African trade network. The King of the Kongo converting to Christianity and being baptised begins to call for the expansion of ports to the best of the Kongolese architects' abilities. With the King also adopts the name John, in favor of the king who began these exploratory operations down the coast of Africa. The King also organized a band of Christian soldiers who help keep the peace who also begin to help with conversions to Christianity as a series of missionaries and high level priests from the Western Church have come on a ship hearing of many pagans and heretics to convert. The King makes multiple successful campaigns against various of the petty kings in Kongo killing two of them and leaving the third on the run. The Christianization of multiple areas is completed and multiple others are begun. The Kingdom of the Kongo in an attempt to increase economic output and trade begins to export a moderate amount of raw materials to Castile and begins to push toward heavy exploitation methods if possible.
 * Mapuche: With the defeat by the Spanish a royal governor is appointed by the Castilians. The governor immediately goes to work to prevent his workforce from being killed by disease and to prevent revolts and by immediately marching groups of about 1000 people to the colonial capital. These people are immediately transferred onto available ships and throughout the year are sent up the coast via Spanish ships to a location unknown to the Mapuche. The Mapuche also continue to see major issues from European contact are given orders to isolate themselves if they are sick to prevent further expansion of the disease. The governor also manages to gain a force of about 200 as a garrison. The Mapuche people begin to see the first mixed children between Spanish and Mapuche people. The Spanish institute the Ecomienda system. However, the Spanish governor, in order to keep control of the people, orders the Spanish heads of the system to treat the natives fairly in order to prevent mass deaths from overworking and resentment. Spanish farming techniques have definitely prevented starvation as the Mapuche continue to expand towards the coast building a road to connect it all. The Spanish governor, also using the local Mapuche as scouts, is able to expand much more than the Buenos Aires colony and uses this to his advantage to secure more land to be able to turn over to Spanish settlers. The Royal Governor expands by 1000 sq km down the coast using captured prisoner natives as labor for this.
 * Tawatinsuyu: Economy improves. The size of the army hits 25,000. Cuzco, Machu Picchu, and Chan Chan are developed further, populations of these cities hits 261,000, 136,000, and 151,000 respectively. Population across the empire hits 1,708,000. Reformation of the farming system continues as crops produce better yields. Research into medicine and the sciences continues, with advancements being made allowing for greater care of the sick and injured. Rebuilding and building continues across the empire. Culture merging continues. The empire is now divided into four districts, Cuzco-suyu (the area formerly known as the Kingdom of Cuzco) Aymara-suyu (the territories conquered in the two Cuzcan-Aymaran wars) Nazca-Suyu (area perviously known as the Ica-Nazca) and Chimu-suyu (the Ica-Nazca's northern vassals). Each of these districts acts similar to a state, with regional rulers being appointed by the Sapa-Inca. The process of culture blending begins to show effects, as Cuzcans live across the emipire now, taking there culture with them. While Cuzcans are the largest ethnic group (~49%) they still do not make up 50% of the empire. The other ethnic groups are:Nazca (~14%), Chimu (~16%), Wankan (~6%) Aymara (~3%) and Other (2%). As the culuture blending continues, the rise of a new culture group begins. Known as Inca, this culture group makes up about 10% of the empire's population. This culture group is found mainly in the three "golden" cities. Inca is growing faster than Cuzcan and will over take Cuzcan (if an outside source doesn't get involved) in 29 years time. The enslavement of the Aymara people begins once again, though the ethnic purging is left out of the old formula.
 * The Tartary continues to grow. The Khanate of Khiva, being influenced by the Safavids, begins to be influenced. The Siberian colony expands by 5000 sq km, as many people move. The economy also grows, with major cities and trade influence growing. The cities, especially Saint Theodore's City, are built up quite quickly, and large demographic growth is experienced. The military is also developed. Relations are improved with Hungary, and a trade delegation is sent to the mystical kingdom of France, renowed amongst merchants for its wealth. The Tartary begins accepting migrants from Rome, hoping to settle them down more peacefully and over a longer period of time.
 * Azov: continues construction of Özu-Cale, especially centred around the fort, with Roman aid in regards to engineers. The fort rises quite quickly, but it'll take several years until it's complete. The population grows.
 * Perm: also grows. The economy develops. The nation becomes increasingly dependent on the Tartary itself.
 * Kazakhstan: develops its military, Centralisation continues.
 * Adyghea: develops its military. Dependence with the Tartary grows.
 * Austria: This turn in both our nation and in all our vassals is dedicated to economy. We train and expand our military using new experience from recent wars, and grow our nation economically. In Morocco our position in Melilla is fortified. All fortifications around the region are rebuilt and manned by stationed guards in case of an attack. To protect Melilla the construction of a fortress outside the city is considered, although postponed for now. The port of Melilla is rebuilt to begin operation as a trade port and military outpost. Construction continues on a shipyard in the Melilla port to facilitate the construction and repair of friendly ships. Melilla is granted a permanent naval garrison in the city’s port to respond to dangers in the area, and to support the small garrison on land who mans the fortifications. Our position in Morocco is fortified by reinforcements, bringing Melilla operational against attacks. For now, a small fleet is stationed in its harbor, while its garrison continues to hold the north and its supply lines, supporting our Christian brethren. With much of the Muslim population of Melilla left dead after the war against Morocco, the local government attempts to entice settlers by offering large quantities of land to Christian settlers. Many Europeans, particularly of German descent and/or from central Europe begin settling the area around Melilla. With finances from Augsburg-based banking establishments, the Trieste Company continues to launch expeditions to West Africa. Abrechtburg has grown to a decently sized settlement, supporting a population of farmers, traders and a small garrison of soldiers. The town also houses a well furbished fort, armed with a small amount of cannons intended to defend the settlement and the harbor from any attack. Built out of necessity, the port at Abrechtburg is refurbished and expanded to support more trade ships, and allied countries are welcomed to trade and stay in the town. The second largest settlement in Westenland, Dominusburg, follows suit, finishing the construction of a port similar to Abrechtburg's. Trade posts continue to be built and exploited, now numbering several dozen along the coast of Westenland and into allied territory. Our reliance on the Wolof becomes less so, but we sign a trade agreement with their nation to continue our positive relationship. Deals are made with the Wolof for slaves and other goods. Conversion of the natives begin around the settlement. Several bimereiches and caravels begin construction in Trieste, Melilla, Corfu, and other ports, to further facilitate and protect overseas trade. Trade is increased with the Grand Duchy of Bavaria and other trade partners, bringing about new avenues of trade and commerce. Our settlements in Westenland expand 1000 sq mi. Maximilian I passes away, leaving his son Charles as Archduke of Austria. He travels to Frankfurt to begin an imperial election.
 * 'Alexandria and Aiguptia: Trade continues to increase as the ports are re-established. More people are converted to Coptic Christianity due to the See of Saint Mark's presence. Many Muslims reconsider their faith seeing the prosperity that Christians live in. Resources are sent to Aiguptia to maintain and protect the canal as that process continues and workers are encouraged to go seek out this opportunity. The economy continues to pick up as trade expands to SE Asia. The land acquired from Yemen by the Red Sea continues to see a port town established for sailors and merchants to rest before going into the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean, there is a medium increase in population as more people look to get into the trade business and travel from Castile and the Netherlands requires a stop for their sailors. In the province of Judea soldiers are to protect both Christian, Islamic and Jewish pilgrimages. Small amounts of conversions in Judea take place mainly converting Christians and Muslims to Coptic Christianity. Alexandria moves troops into the south as the region is to keep the region calm and free of revolt. OTL Goa and Karachi continue to become a massive destination for Alexandrian trades and relationships continued to be established. Grigorios' engineers continue plans of a reconstructed lighthouse on the cite of the citadel. Relations are continued with the nation Vijaynagar, an we continue establish more posts along the coast, especially at Goa. Immigration from traders and trading families increases to the trade enclaves in Alexander's Strait and the Somali enclaves. Alexandria's soldiers are sent to fight the rebels in the south and in Cairo. Asks fellow Christian nations in Nubia and Eastern Europe for assistance to end the islamic revolt. The Red Sea Trade Company is formed in order to deal with states along the Red Sea and creating safe and constant trade in the area. It is owned by the Great Eastern Sea Trade Co and is also a royal charter from Kafta and Grigorios. MIl Turn. Vassalization of Makuria and Alodia begins (Turn Six of X). Girgorios will serve as an advisor  to Kafta.
 * Ethiopia: Grigorios and Kafta begins creating and developing relationships with local leaders. Shortly after the treaty everyone settles back into normal lifestyles. Soldiers are sent to Alexandria. Kafta becomes the ruler. Naval forces are built up. Mil Turn.
 * Cyrencia: Is put under semi-autonomy in a vassal state relationship. Naval ports are built. Conversions occur. Mil Turn.
 * Hesse: We continue improving infrastructure. The old statues of previous Grand Dukes are taken back out and set around the Grand Duchy again. The current statues, which have long been neglected, are refurbished. We continue improving our naval strength. We contnue vassalizing Munster (Turn 4 of 5).
 * Roman Empire: The Empire continues to expand its trade across Europe in order to counter the Empire's struggling economy. Leverlocks continue to be produced to replace the aging matchlock weapons used in the military. The Roman government accepts the offer of the northern Persians.
 * Albania: The military continues to improve.
 * Epirus: The government continues to investigate ways of merging Epirus to the Roman Empire.
 * Naxos: Export of luxury goods continues to occur and the Duke continues to search for political influence.
 * Ragusa: Printing of books in the Dalmatian, Latin, and Italian languages continues and the economy continues to grow in the exportation of luxury goods.
 * Lombardy: Work continues on the Certosa di Pavia, the Castle Visconteo, and on the extensive Milan Cathedral. We continue training a proper standing army, utilizing Swiss mercenaries and local recruits. With border disputes now settled between the nations of Austria and Switzerland, we continue opening friendly relations with both nations in hopes of repairing our diplomatic relations and protecting our northern border. We continue constructing cogs and galleys to strengthen our navy and protect our interests on the seas. Our turn is dedicated to military in both our nation and our vassals. Wallis is declared a vassal of our nation, and we continue influencing them.
 * Novgorod: We continue the production of ships, cannons, muskets, advanced crossbows, swords, and composite bows, increasing our military capabilities in case of war. The nation’s training and advancement of military continues. The recent classes of Koch ships are being manufactured in Novgorod. The town of St Patriksburg’s population grows a bit more that last year. As the construction of the town improves, the Kremlin finishes, trade becoming more in demand, the town gains slightly. Because of the trade road built with Tver our economy increases. After seeing a great success with the private schools in the cities of Novgorod, St Patriksburg, Staraya Russa, and Nizhny Novgorod. We start building another private school in Rostov and Yaroslavl. We complete building private schools in Torzhok and a private school in Staraya Ladoga. We dedicate this turn to military. As fur traders and hunters begin to move into Karelia, the border is expanded 3000 sq mi directly to the north. We are pleased that peaceful terms have been met between us and Scandinavia, and we hope to improve relations in the future.
 * Tver: We complete the construction of the private school in Tver and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Yaroslavl, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Yaroslavl: We complete the construction of the private school in Yaroslavl and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Rostov: We completed the construction of the private school in Rostov and start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Yaroslavl, Muscovy. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Karelia: We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Rumania: Stephen, now 33, continues to work on improving the economy. Iron, salt and coal mines dot the landscape. Coal is produced for metalworking and heating. These mines provide the resources required by the foundries and traders on the coast. The growing mines require more processing facilities, which spur more development along the coast. More large shipyards open and the lumber industry continues to expand. The first Leverlock shop is supplemented by a much larger second, and hundreds are built and exported across the eastern Mediterranean. The Danube becomes a highway of commerce, hundreds of barges travel up and down its length transporting people, materials, goods, and ideas. As much as 9% of the nation has reached basic literacy, and the Moralists promote education of commoners by priests, in order to give everyone the opportunity to read the bible. Education among the elite is becoming almost mandatory. A small stove for burning coal is invented by a man in Constanta the stove lessens the chance of fire and is more efficient heat wise.
 * The Consulate of Bulgaria: The economy continues to grow. The printing press spreads south into Bulgaria just as in Rumania. Ties with Rumania are strengthened; hundreds of Romanians move into the country, seeking cheap and productive land, and inter-marriage becomes very common. Bulgarians also begin to migrating to trade towns in Romania to seek more economic opportunities. Bulgarian populations in Rumania now represent a large minority, and the same can be said about Romanians in Bulgaria. Ethnic tensions are uncommon in both nations as multi-ethnic communities existed before the large migrations.
 * Madagasikara, under King Esteban's leadership, finally decides to act upon the increasing dislike of Great Zimbabwe, which was noted for its anti-Christian king and nativist policies which including shunning Madagasikaran traders from their markets. He mobilizes the army in the early part of the year to Sofala, where the troops are sent away on a crusade to protect their Christian brethren from the heathen rulers of Zimbabwe. The war progresses slowly at first as the Madagasikaran troops battle the dedicated Zimbabweans, but once we begin to attack their cities with our Spanish-supplied siege equipment, the tide surges in our favor. The priests who urged Esteban the Pious to make the decision are even more excited with the idea of having a true Christian crusader as their ruler, and missionary activities throughout the Swahili Coast continue. The war, seen as a distant engagement by many, does not impact naval development or trade with Spain, nor does it impede population growth, which continues to take place at unprecedented rates.
 * Sofala, Pembara and Mozambika focus on sending military aid to Madagasikara to help subjugate Great Zimbabwe. The trans-Sofala road comes into great use, but construction is still far from completion. The young citizens of Sofala and Mozambika, who are now serving in the army, were previously living in Madagasikara, and owe great allegiance to the mother country. Meanwhile, culture emanates from Sofala and Pembara.
 * Hungary and all its vassals and puppets and states in personal union work on expanding their armed forces. There is an increase in trading between them all, along with increased trading with Moscovy and thus allows economic growth. Road construction also continues as for greater trade, better infrastructure is needed. Hungary also focuses highly on building better naval ships and upgrading old ships as well as putting many obsolete ships into retirement. Hungary demobilised many men after training them in a bid to make sure everything remains stable along with provide the men to work the field and harvest the grain once it has grown. This allows harvest levels to reach new highs as better practices have lead to increased yields. With Rome now allowing Hungary to use its ports at various locations, the large fleet can finally be brought into harbour at various points along the coast. Sigismund begins to sell the large number of ships aquired to various powers, although in moderate numbers, allowing Hungary to gain a wide amount of money and other types of trading deals. He hopes he can lease the former Venetian port in Eire along with hopefully gain easy access to Rumanian ports which will help to increase trading with the Tartary. Sigismund continues his plans to have more ships which are worthy of long distance travels. The shipyards continue to tear apart multiple ships and use their wood to create new and renovated ships. Dereglyes are a high priority, along with the construction of carracks. Yet it is easier to build caravels for the dockyards, and many do build them at a good speed. Sigismund allocates more supplies and funds for the Dereglyes, and they set off to explore the coast of Africa and discover for themselves the various nations talked about by other European powers. Hungary opens up dialogue with Rome, and offers in return for relations to be as they were previous to the Venetian War, for the Romans to recognise the Hungarian pocession of a large number of the former Venetian fleet along with promise not to harm the Venetian nobles within Hungary. In exchange, Hungary will look to return to good conditions between the nations as well as offer 150 ships to be sold along with offering a very large loan for the Roman Empire to help it recover from the war. The period for returning the money in the loan can be negociated.
 * Bengal Sultanate: The decrease in taxes on the landed elite does its job in most areas of the Sultanate, decreasing the tax load on the peasantry and earning him their support. The tax cuts on the merchant class allow for more trade to be conducted, and a recent lax on some of the quota laws allows for more goods to be shipped from Bengal, greatly increasing trade income. Cash crops continue to be grown in large amounts. With our merchants traveling to Ava, Kamarumpa and Arakan regularly, Islam continues to grow in their areas. Most all trade roads continue to see much-needed maintenance. Due to Bengal having control over lands of multiple ethnicities and religions, literary works in the form of poems continue to take influence from all three religions of the Sultanate. Urdu, also called Hindi by some, becomes more common in the Sultanate due to the mixing of Hindu and Islamic ideals. We continue to help finance the Plutocratic State of Jaunpur, Delhi Sultanate and Bahamani Sultanate by sending gifts directly to the nobles/sultans, offering loans from powerful trade bankers, and decreasing the trade taxes over all of Bengal, allowing more of our merchant goods to travel into those states. We also raise a portion of the Sultan's personal levy and then divide it to be sent out to the states' leaders, so that they can do with them what they wish in order to maintain order in their nation. The construction of schools and universities several years ago has led to an increase in scholars and literacy in our nation. Due to the removal of trade barriers among a majority of states in the Indian League, their merchants and ours begin to travel with increased mobility and goods, thereby increasing the trade income and output in the agreeing nations. Several Bengali merchants continue to sponsor gem mines in the Mogok area of Ava, due to the high concentration of gems such as rubies, sapphires, garnets and moonstones, and the first of many mines begin to return with more sucesses. Construction of ships based upon Castilian designs, granted to us by them, continues, in order to further our efforts to explore and trade. New crops begin to enter into several plantations. (These weren't newly introduced to Bengal, they are just newly introduced to the plantations), Opium and Cannabis. The increasing need for an anthestetic due to many more surgeries in Bengal, simply due to an increasing population, leads Opium cultivation to become very lucrative and result in many plantations including in their crops. Cannabis becomes more popular, not simply due to its cultural history in Muslim societies, but also because of its popular use in several poetic works.
 * ​Emirate of Andamana: Illyas-Sasaska continues to reclaim land on the island to make room for farms, and to have timber for building both boats and houses. The Emirate expands another 500 km onto the island. The ships built by the timber from the island help contribute to Bengali trade. Continues working on economy and infrastructure.
 * Rajya of Orissa: Kapilendra Deva continues to listen to his advisers and bring about several reforms to his nation that make it more Islamic friendly, one of which is new, and calls for the creation of one mosque for each Hindu temple in the name of tolerance, when in reality, his advisers have prescribed this to bring about larger Islamic influence. The new University of Bhubanēśbara (Bhubaneswar) finishes construction and now houses several classes ranging from literature to economics.
 * Swargadeo of Kamarupa: Now vassalized by Bengal, the Swargadeo of Ahom continues to receive extensive help in creating viable farmland. They do this by continuing a process of land reclamation in the northern part of the state, which is largely marshy and thinly populated. This process of reclamation begins by using dikes, embankments and irrigation systems. The land reclamation, having been going on for decades, is extremely successful in creating viable farmland for rice, grain and other staple crops, increasing Kamarupa's population and their yearly trade output.
 * Zapoteca: With the number of immune people in the population growing, disease begins to dwindle in the Empire. The Spanish aid is greatly appreciated. The Emperor continues financing Spanish settlers to come to the kingdom and marry into the population. Trade increases and continues with the Spanish. Tlaco II expands roadways connecting cities in the alliance to help merchants and soldiers move more freely between them. The military, which had been outdated for many years, continues to be upgraded. The economy booms with trade as a result of the roads. In the coastal regions under Danibaan's influence, more boats are created. Tlaco II orders more to be manufactured to bring in goods from the sea. Pressure continues to be asserted on Itzapam to join the Zapotec-Spanish sphere.

1509
'''A 7.2 magnitude earthquake strikes Constantinople this year. The earthquake is coined as a ‘Lesser Judgement Day’ by the Romans, who see the loss of over a thousand houses and 109 churches. The earthquake is accompanied by forty-five days of aftershocks and a tsunami. An estimated 10,000 people perish in this earthquake.'''

'''An uprising of civilians in Seville opposed to the rule of Charles of Austria begins, which attempts to unseat radical city councilors in the royal government. '''

'''Following Hesse’s continued influencing of Münster, the nobles of Münster declare that they will resist all attempts by the Hessians to gain control of their nation yet again. They begin preparations for war, if needed (Scores undoubled: Military: 10, Economy: 5, Infrastructure: 5).'''
 * Portugal: Continues a notable buildup in military strength and allows for a vigorous training program on the existing military forces attempting to train them up heavily. Meanwhile, the administration continues to be reformed, and agriculture and commerce are encouraged. Meanwhile, Portugal continues to develop its navy. Meanwhile, Portuguese traders continue visiting the Castilian settlements in the Canaries. Meanwhile, wheat continues to be cultivated in Leiname. By this time, the colony in Leiname starts to export wheat to Portugal. Meanwhile, some Portuguese explorers continue to explore the African coast. The Açores continue to be settled. Meanwhile, the new ships that been developed, called naus, and that are similar to the Castilian carracks, begin to be used. Naval explorations directed to the west continue, after news that new lands may have been found there. Meanwhile, Santa Cruz expands north by 1800 sq km. Meanwhile, pau-brasil (brazilwood) starts to be extracted in the colony. Meanwhile, the colony of São Sebastião expands 200 sq km.
 * Oyo Diplomacy: Oyo has been interesting in accessing the Portugese market for decades, and given the growth of the Portugese economy, we would like to open up formal trade relations with you.
 * |onte continues to have a large surplus of grain. Though adopting "western farming", the idea of "the tribe" is still very much so alive, as people always share the crops they have grown, or the animals they have hunted amongst the community. Mon's children advocate the planting of trees in small groves. Throughout the year, Mon's children go elephant hunting, though it is very dangerous, as they are hunting them with arquebuses, and the whole process requires much co-ordination. However, the results are said to be spectacular, as the tribe gains new wealth in the collected ivory, and the elephant meat is considered a rarity. The season resulted in six elephants being killed. Much of the younger generation knows how to hunt, and begin to help their parents, increasing the prosperity of the tribe. Not only do they know how to hunt, but in accordance with tribal tradition, each one of them may become a warrior if the need be, trained both in the arquebus and the bow, though the arquebus is gaining much ground against the arrow. |onte is becoming very rich with money made from elephant hunting, as they have nothing to spend the money on. Ma-n!o continues to police his "Rikisi-ate", hunting down the remaining native men. Niko sends coconuts to |onte at a cheap price. |on is taught by the tribesmen to their new wives and children. Mon II begins teaching children in the vicinity of the Kunene how to read, causing great interest amongst children of these strange characters, that give them a new form to play. Debarubo takes time to consolidate the recently earned lands, and raiding his new frontiers. Debarubo plays with the concept of claiming his family as the "Rikisis" of |onte.
 * Castile: The Colony of Buenos Aires expands by (15 px) up the coast and establishes a captaincy farther south (5 px). The Castilian populace reaches about 10.1 million and growing. The Kingdom itself begins to expand its armed forces to nearly 80,000 and sends more military ships to Monaco to protect it from any aggression. The Castilian forces begin training exercizes. The Navy also begins to make serious advances in technology and armed attack formations along with its pushes out into the wide seas. The Colony of Buenos Aires reaches a population of about 12,000 and growing with the more families and women showing up. Castilian exploration ships begin exploring south to check out farther down the coast and look for the southern edge of the continent. Charles of Castile who had gone to the New World becomes governor of the Buenos Aires Colony. With the revolt in Seville Queen Alexis sends in the most experienced troops from both Castile and Aragon to keep control. However she also announces that while Charles may be her Husband he is not the leading monarch of Castile and Aragon, and that she will continue to rule with dignity and respect as she was before. Along with this the Queen dictates to her husband that they will rule their own personal realms separately and that Austria will have no true power over Castile, Aragon or any of their possessions due to the pride and high national spirits of their accomplishments. Along with this the Queens also dictates to her husband that in the event of her death that one of their sons will accend to the throne of Castile and not Charles and the brother will accend to the throne of Austria. Alexis writes up a treaty dictating the terms to her husband and request it be signed publicly in Seville to solidify her stern stance on any true outside influences on Spain and prove to the people of Seville that Austria will not come to dominate or take over Castile and Aragon now collectively being known as Spain. A Ceremony is held for passed King Ferdinand, and his Leading heir bearing the same name honoring their lives once again. This is named a national holiday.
 * Kingdom of Aragon: With Castilian assistance various infrastructural areas are rebuilt and the military is expanded to a token force of 10,000. Along with this support the Aragonian economy recovers slowly with a slow but controlled influx of Castilian economic aid helping Aragon recover. The ruling magistrate over Aragon signs a landmark trade deal with Castile which allows for Aragon's usage of Castile's large amounts of trade posts down the coast of Africa. The Aragonians now in control of the Spanish South African trading company fund the creation of the expansion of the Trade outpost into a formal colony to be settled much like Morocco and Granada were by Castile. The Colony of Cape Ferdinand expands 10 px up the coast and expands the captaincy down the coast now covering the mouth of the Orange River on the coast (5 px). It's mostly populated by Castilians who are the main people moving to the colonies. Aragon's population continues to be culturally integrated with the next generation speaking primarily Spanish with Catalan being phased out by the newer generation. Aragon recognizes Alexis of Castile as their Queen.
 * Kingdom of Cyprus: Cyprus gaining large funds from being a Castilian trade hub, begins building a few ships domestically, and purchases ships from Castile, or her allies shipwrights forming a respectable Cypriot navy of almost 90 ships with expected expansion to come. This expansion has been achieved specifically thanks to huge amounts of outsourcing to private shipwrights. Cyprus begins to see an exodus of the Knights Hospitaller west to Castile and her territories and King Matthias begins a larger recruitment for the military managing to raise a force of nearly 10,000. This force is largely funded through the large trade Cyprus has gathered. The troops are styled after Castile's royal army and Cyprus embarks on an intense training program in order to bring them up to standards. The Knights, with many departing, also have many older and other knights stay due to their close ties with Cyprus. They remain to run the Knights Hospitaller in Cyprus for the foreseeable future while a large number have migrated across the sea. The Kingdom of Cyprus due to the recent issues in Castile reluctantly recognizes Carlos and his Regency for Prince Ferdinand. Cyprus itself with its fleet of nearly 100 ships begins to take after the Venetian example with trade and begins to put Cypriot merchant ships into state possession for trade in order to help with the kingdom's finances and heavy trade. This show immediate results as a relative increase in funding and attention to trade between Castile and her allies begins to improve the quality of trade. The Assassins Guild sets up in Cyprus looking to prevent issues in the kingdom with corruption and serving as their base into Muslim countries. The King of Cyprus on his deathbed declares that a vote by the nobles on whether to join Castile will be held and a public forum will be held on what the people think of this.
 * Kingdom of Morocco: The country begins the construction of various canals and cultivates trees farther inland to help increase arable farmland. The Moroccan economy continue to expand with greater trade coming from Castile and the Canaries all the way down to Capo Verde increasing the relative wealth. The Kingdom with many canals having been completed has vastly expanded its farmland among other things. Morocco's total population reaches one million with Christianity becoming dominant in the area. Calne-Vicuna is finished and is opened as an center for Christianity in North Africa with a library said to rival old Alexandria's. The Moroccan Assassins Guild forms and spreads keeping the peace and killing the corrupt as well as making Morocco much more peaceful for Castilian Rule. The Kingdom of Morocco officially enters into a personal union with Castile following the magistrates and princes deeming it unneccesary for the King to not have full control in the country. The Magistrates, however, are fully re-instated to continue as they were just under direction of the monarch of Castile.
 * Kongo: The Kingdom begins to work toward a trade and production economy focusing on helping provide resources for Castile's burgeoning West African trade network. The King of the Kongo converting to Christianity and being baptised begins to call for the expansion of ports to the best of the Kongolese architects' abilities. With the King also adopts the name John, in favor of the king who began these exploratory operations down the coast of Africa. The King also organized a band of Christian soldiers who help keep the peace who also begin to help with conversions to Christianity as a series of missionaries and high level priests from the Western Church have come on a ship hearing of many pagans and heretics to convert. The King makes multiple successful campaigns against various of the petty kings in Kongo killing two of them and leaving the third on the run. The Christianization of multiple areas is completed and multiple others are begun. The Kingdom of the Kongo in an attempt to increase economic output and trade begins to export a moderate amount of raw materials to Castile and begins to push toward heavy exploitation methods if possible.
 * Mapuche: With the defeat by the Spanish a royal governor is appointed by the Castilians. The governor immediately goes to work to prevent his workforce from being killed by disease and to prevent revolts and by immediately marching groups of about 1000 people to the colonial capital. These people are immediately transferred onto available ships and throughout the year are sent up the coast via Spanish ships to a location unknown to the Mapuche. The Mapuche also continue to see major issues from European contact are given orders to isolate themselves if they are sick to prevent further expansion of the disease. The governor also manages to gain a force of about 200 as a garrison. The Mapuche people begin to see the first mixed children between Spanish and Mapuche people. The Spanish institute the Ecomienda system. However, the Spanish governor, in order to keep control of the people, orders the Spanish heads of the system to treat the natives fairly in order to prevent mass deaths from overworking and resentment. Spanish farming techniques have definitely prevented starvation as the Mapuche continue to expand towards the coast building a road to connect it all. The Spanish governor, also using the local Mapuche as scouts, is able to expand much more than the Buenos Aires colony and uses this to his advantage to secure more land to be able to turn over to Spanish settlers. The Royal Governor expands by 1000 sq km down the coast using captured prisoner natives as labor for this.
 * Chahokian Civilization: The military grows as fears of raids and rebellions increase. A good harvest pleases the people of Chahokian and its vassals. Moundville becomes more pro Chahokian and those wanting complete independence begin to become a less common.
 * Moundville: Builds up its military. Population growth is seen.
 * Etowah Civilization: Builds up military. Population grows.
 * Parkin Civilization: Military grows. Population increases.
 * The Kingdoms of Great Albion (Scotland and England) - member nation of the UKGA: Many ships are modernized and replaced to keep the Royal Albion Navy a powerful forces on the high seas. Port Edmundburg continues to experience a growth in population. Albionic settlers continue to explore the surrounding areas. The dialect of English originally found in Scotland and the Eire grows so large that it covers most of the North of England. This new dialect is called Bythigish (portmanteau of Brython and English). English nobles begin to enjoy the Celtic myths of Eire and Scotland. The Templar Order continues to undercut the King's enemies and seeks ways to privately grow the power of the King and Albion as a whole. The Order buys up many smaller businesses and collectivizes some farms. The Order begins to expand into other areas of Europe, seeking to grow understanding as well as pushing Albionic ideals. Albion continues to explore farther west and south. A clockmaker from Cambridge becomes popular for his accurate timepieces and the exquisite wood housing. He creates a chime for the St Mary's Cathedral, the chimes are called the Cambridge Chimes (OTL Westminster Quarters aka Big Ben's chime). The Chimes become so popular, other clock-makers incorporate the chimes into their clocks. The Crown Dominion of Hamburg does well this year, as an influx of trade begins to repair the wounds of several wars. The English Renaissance is born when several painters in London show off some impressive works. Trade with the Mughal Empire begins to boom. ◾King Sigismund of Hungary, in light of bettering relations between the two allies, enquires about being able to lease the former Venetian port in Dublin. In exchange, 200 ships (100 caravels, 50 galleys, 50 cogs) will be sold to Albion. Hungary hopes this deal will be favourable for both nations.
 * Calais: Military and navy are expanded.
 * Dublin: Dublin undergoes another remodel and expansion to the ports due to the massive influx of trade from Castile and Venice as well as an increased Eire trade.
 * Scotland: Expands navy and military. Pan Albion sentiments grow, Trade increases. Whiskey is traded down to central Albion.
 * Wales: Wales expands its military and navy. Cardiff becomes a large centre of trade for Wales. The Welsh appoint Adam Cyrdger as Royal Minister. The first sessions of parliament are held. Wales does not see as large a population boom as Albion or Scotland, but a minor one, centered around Cardiff and Swansea, does occur.
 * Port Edmundburg expands by 1000 sq km east. The African colonists begin looking toward mining and other ventures to generate profit.
 * New Cambridgeshire: New Cambridgeshire expands by 1000 sq km west. Colonists begin to explore around the region and begin to have a large fishing boom. The Port of New Rotham is expanded to handle excess ships from Albion and other European nations. The people of New Rotham also begin an attempt to gain knowledge of farming in Borealia from Native Peoples.
 * Oyo Diplomacy: Oyo would like to establish permanent trade relations with the nation of Albion, and open up cultural exchanges between our two people.
 * Prussia: The Prussians begin to develop their military. The Prussians continue to build their new navy.
 * Courland: The Curonians also continue developing their military.
 * Estland: Ossel-Wiek also continues developing their military. Duke Franz continues to reshape the face of Arensburg.
 * France: Military, navy and economy are built up. The colony continues expanding and growing by 1000 sq km each settlement. The vassalage of the Guixirienne begins (the Guajirean peoples) (Turn Two of Five). As the colony grows more settlers travel to the mainland of the Nouvelle Orleans and into the now friendly Aurienne empire in the south (Quimbaya, FTW!) The population of the colony reaches around 22,000 thousand composed mostly of settlers and a few more in the Aurienne kingdom. While this, the ambassador from the Tartars arrive and the first attempts to establish relations with them begins. A group of a 20 diplomats of Aurienne and their servants are sent to Tartary as well as a group of French diplomats.
 * Burgundy: Military and navy are built up.
 * Bourbon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Lorraine: Military and economy are built up.
 * Verdun: Military and economy are built up.
 * Saluzzo: Military and economy are built up.
 * Sardinia: Military and economy are built up.
 * Basel: Military and economy are built up.
 * Aargau: Military and economy are built up. The French presence begins to be felt. However, the attempts to establish a pro-Germanic government in order to avoid eventual uprisings, internal vassalization begins as well to fully convince German leadership.
 * Andorra: Military and economy are built up.
 * Africa: Military and economy are built up.
 * Trier: Military and economy are built up.
 * Julich: Military and economy are built up.
 * Zweibrucken: Military and economy are built up.
 * Aurienne: The kingdom begins establishing its control over the regions sending a dozen of "diplomats" into Europe to establish more active relations with the French and their allies. Military and economy are built up., the nation expands both west and east towards the colonies of the French. Some locals begin dying from small pox and other known European diseases.
 * Vorlayacor:  Matchlock muskets are implemented into the War Band for the first time; intensive training begins on modern tactics involving guns. The diplomats return from Europe with a treasure trove of information regarding mathematics, medicine, language, geography, warfare, and engineering, and they attempt to organize all this new knowledge and report it to Mapuche who could properly utilize it, particularly Jarvan. Infrastructure continues to improve, with Nov Xoryan and Machitonis turning into legitimate cities. More people turn to the fishing industry this year, generating an interest in ships and the sea in general.
 * County of Oldenburg: The military is built up again. More cannon are made and incorporated into the regiments. The characteristic yellow tunic of the infantry is slightly modernised to reflect changing military fashions. The Oldenburger section of Neu Bruchhausen expands another 200 km West along the coast, as another tiny "factory" is built. Trade with the natives, especially in ivory, is proving very profitable. With the ivory market being increasingly flooded with elephant products, the OHG scales down its walrus hunt this year. In other news, Count Christian VI sends a letter to Hesse, secretly offering help to take Munster by military means. In return, he would ask for a fair portion of the Archbishopric.
 * Prince-Bishopric of Osnabruck: Work continues on Saint Andrew's City Church. The militia is built up, and some old cannons from Oldenburg are incorporated into a new "cannon company" of the militia.
 * Hessian Dip: We agree to give the north-eastern portion of Münster.
 * Natigosteg L'nu: Disease begins to die out as most of the susceptible population is either immune or dead. Military reforms continue. Increasing numbers of arquebusiers are trained and equipped. Large numbers of pikemen have also been trained, bringing the infantry to a total of 3000. Johan Schultz begins retraining the cavalry, most of whom are mounted on reindeer, as lancers. Tea continues to be cultivated in Natigosteg and Labrador, with the tea cultivators forming a consortium to regulate production. The ships sent to Europe return with more information, including copies of military manuals, works of literature and shipwrights. More carracks are put under construction. Ungava expands 1000 km as more people move north, away from the increasingly crowded areas of Labrador and Natigosteg. A new capital is founded at the western end of the island, name dafter the L'nu's founding chief, Gespeg.
 * Safavid Empire: We build up our military and navy. We continue to build walls and outposts around our capital city. The building of the biggest mosque in the nation is continuing now. Port cities are being rebuilt. More ships are being made for our navy. Our own version of guns are being made. Farming is becoming one of the most important industries, besides blacksmithy, trading and fishing. The building of the first college in the capital city is continuing. Guns are now mass produced in our country. We continue to make more woodblock printing presses for our libraries. Prototype cannons at three feet long are continuing to be made. A trade route from our home country to Oirat is mapped out. People are now trading with each other on this trade route. Foreign exchange banks are becoming popular in our country due to the ETA (Eurasian Trade Agreement). Trade has increased due to the ETA. A new art form is continuing to be drawn. It is a mix of Safavid, Oirat and Mughal art. Our art is continuing to be popular with all of the nation around us. We continue to vassel Khanate of Khiva by bringing in troops and Islamic leaders to influence them in our way. Trade goes well with the Dutch merchants. All slaves that come from the Oyo nation are made to be converted to Shiite Islam.
 * The Great Liao Empire: Cement and iron increase in production. Iron weapons are now majorly used. As we increase in population, we slowly target our expansion northward. We expand 75 px to the north. We continue to develop our firearms. We continue to study the printing press and make more of them. We begin building up our military and create even tougher practices. We expand our settlement at North Baikal Lake. We begin sending our soldiers next to the Baikal Jurchens. 50,000 soldiers are sent to the north of Baikal Lake and another 10,000 is in a small naval base on Baikal Lake. We continue building up on our border against the Baikal Jurchens. We create the eight inch cannon. We ramp up our military. Christians of Liao surge up in numbers, after we were allegedly contacted by God.
 * Yakutsk: We expand by 200 sq km.
 * Liao D: We ask the Manchurian Empire to form the Great Eurasian Alliance with us.
 * Liao D: We ask for trade relationships with European nations.
 * Liao D to China: We continue to send compliments of joy and wish them well in their revolt to show friendliness. We send some more taels of silver.
 * Liao D to Mughal, Tartary and Safavid: We ask our dear allies to give us support for our future conquest of the Baikal Jurchens.
 * Mughal Empire: 5000 soldiers are sent, those who return ought to return equipped with the finest weaponry.
 * Marrikuwuyanga Empire: The Marrikuwuyanga had constructed large temples in honour of the Emperor. Trading with the Ayutthaya had proved beneficial for the Empire, and not only were the Marrikuwuyanga able to acquire muskets, they were also able to find a market for their sale of iron ore. Meanwhile, Marrikuwuyanga's influence continued to increase within the neighbouring tribes and the military was strengthened as the military gained access to the muskets via Ayutthaya and its production had started albeit at a very slow scale. Trade boosted Marrikuwuyanga's economy. The crop yield increased annually and so did the population. We expand 50 px along the western coast. The mining of iron had started in large scale and the military produced large number of swords, spears, etc. Meanwhile, the Marrikuwuyangan economy was not affected by the storm at Philidelphi but was badly shaken, when pirates blocked the Straits of Malacca and various nations rebelled against the Ayutthaya.
 * Timor: Having established dominance over the island, the Emperor was keen on making sure there was no rebellion by the natives and soon after marching as conquerors, the tribal leaders were bombarded with gifts by the Marrikuwuyangan Emperor who assured them that they would be allowed to keep their power as tribal leaders as long as they recognized Emperor Yada Gulpilil as their God. Meanwhile, military and navy were strengthened, although it was the navy that got much more attention
 * Marrikuwuyangan Diplomacy: Eight to nine years had passed since the Ayutthayan merchants had last brought weapons, iron, cloth, etc, from their land. The Emperor knew about the recent rebellion by various nations against the Ayutthaya but he felt uneasy for the Marrikuwuyangan Empire's economy was crumbling since it almost entirely depended on the Ayutthaya. As more pressure mounted on him by the tribe elders. [Who knew he's no God], the Emperor finally decided to contact the white men [AKA Dutch]. The Emperor proposed the same deal to the Dutch merchants as he had to the Ayutthaya which was the Dutch providing Marrikuwuyanga with modern weaponry, iron-extracting tools and information regarding the outside world in return for being allowed to freely use Marrikuwuyangan land as ports as well as trade with the natives of Marrikuwuyanga. These would be the terms and conditions as long as the Emperor's divinity was not threatened by the religion and ideas at which point the Emperor was eligible to break the Treaty.
 * Netherlands Diplomacy: The East Indias Company with authorization from Maurice agree to meet with the elders of the Marrikuwuyagan Empire however they refuse to have any direct contact with the emperor. The Dutch offer to provide the empire with western knowledge and technology if they agree to recognize Dutch economic, and territorial interests in the East Indies, and agree to grant free and exclusive economic rights to the Dutch East Indias Company. The Dutch also request that they need not take part in the Emperor worship, practised by the Empire, hence their wish to avoid direct contact with the Emperor.
 * Netherlands: The Dutch trade network continues to grow, and as such so does the activities of the Royal Navy and the newly created Company navy to protect Dutch interests abroad. Batavia continues to grow in importance within the Dutch trade network in Asia and it slowly becomes a stronghold of the Dutch. More native troops are raised largely from the Chinese minority the city holds. Influence over Sunda, and nearby Southern Sumatra grow, while trading further east also grows. The East India's Company grows angry with the attempts of Oyo to break into Dutch trade in the region and at their request, Maurice begins talks with Albion and Spain on how to deal with the African Empire. The island of new Friesland is fortified while a fotress is commissioned to be built in Louisville. Naval and Military expansion continue. The Royal Army is expanded to include a greater amount of troops. More of the Roman muskets are produced and the first unit outfitted with them is one of the Royal Guard. The arts and sciences continue to flourish with unlimited funds for their development and the new architectural style continues to grow. The bourgeoisie society and culture continue to solidify and develop as their power within the economy and political system of the Netherlands isd confirmed at this point. Exploring and economic endevours in the New World continue, with many of the Dutch realizing that the New World has plenty of opportunities to develop lucrative businesses there. The idea of attempting to establish a settlement begins to circulate amongst the economic and political elite (I'm not going to create a permanent settlement but I'm going to be attempting exploration farther inland for now and a series of temporary outposts all of which until 1522 when my first permanent settlement will be established). The Wallon continue to grow into an important part of the Netherlands as they represent a major part of the country's national production, and their French culture remains very important within the academic and ruling circles of the nation. The Universities of Brussels and Amsterdam continue to grow in importance and prominance in Western Europe. Karl van Nassau-Orleans continues to follow Mirza around and learn more about the east. Meanwhile, William Prince of Holland proves a very capable military mind and his tutors look on him with great interest.
 * Rajya of Marwar: The economy begins to expand and the nation begins to influence Jaisalmer (Year Fourteen). During these events, Rao Raja Singh sends more architects from Marwar to the Mughal who would design Mandirs in the Mughal Empire and also for priests to spread Hinduism in the Mughal Empire. The nation also supports numerous marriages between members of the Rajput clans and Mughali noble families. (eco turn)
 * Mughal Empire: The economy of the nations is expanded and architects sent by Emperor-Khan Raja Singh ud-din Muhammad Bahadur issue the building of the already designed temples. The Mughali prosperity continues as the Eurasian trade agreement is set into motion. (eco turn). Muhammad Mirza continues writing his book, while discussing the eastern culture, religion and knowledge with the young Karl van Nassau-Orleans of the Netherlands. Lady Maria Namur gives birth to a young girl. She is named Asha by Mirza.
 * Southern Chagatai (PSFSCK): The economy is expanded.
 * Fusahito Theocracy: Newly emancipated slaves begin to take advantage of the state Land Bank to purchase land cheaply in underdeveloped regions, particularly the Date Province. However, this is happening at a slower rate than imagined by the Emperor, something he puts down to the ignorance of the old slaves. This causes problems, as ex-slaves are evicted from their old homes by the feudal lords who own around 90% of the land, leaving them nowhere to go. Although limited ammounts of land are available, the reluctance of the peasantry to enter into debt means that they begin to view emancipation in a negative light, discontent which soon degenerates into scattered rural violence.  However, whilst chattel based slavery is outlawed, debt based slavery is kept legal, even in some cases encouraged. This is done to protect the Emperor's interests and to prevent an open revolt against the unpopular measures introduced. Japanese traders meet the Dutch in the East Indies for the first time. In the meantime, the  Emperor continues to provide financial and eonomic support to the Hosokawa Clan and the Japanese islands to the North which have thrown off the yoke of Chinese dominance. These measures continue to draw these Japanese patriots closer to the Theocracy. Year Two of Sixteen.


 * ​Dutch dip:  the Dutch traders are intrigued by the Japanese traders.
 * Oyo Empire: The Oyo expand the military forces to 200,000 warriors in light of the Songhai advances made in Burkina, which directly threaten the vassal state of Burkina. The navy expands the navy by ten eranko, the most advanced ships of their class, equipped with a large number of cannon and crew, as Oyo begins its venture into protecting its trade routes with the east. A large military parade held in the honor of the new Asaaju of Oyo is planned to be held next year, resulting in tens of thousands of troops positioning themselves around Oyo's largest city of Lagos, where they drill for months in preparation of the planned parade. The miltiary, economy, and infrastructure are expanded, with attention given to the fortresses and ports of the nation, which are largely located along the coasts and the northern border of Oyo. Trade with the Muhgals is given new priority, as the nation represents a potential market that could greatly enrich the Oyo nation.


 * ​Benin: Benin expands its own military forces in line with Oyo requests, from 75,000 troops to 100,000 troops, as well as the navy to thirty-seven ships, of which twelve are of the eranko class which are to become the main warship of the nation. The military, economy, and infrastructure of Benin are expanded, and Benin plans to hold a military parade of its own to coincide with the one Oyo will be having the next year. Benin establishes a colony at OTL Port-Gentil, where it seeks to expand its economy with the raw minerals of the region. They do so with the blessing of the Oyo government.
 * Burkina: Burkina expands its military, economy, and infrastructure, as well as the personnel of the army, from 35,000 to 120,000, as it has the most to lose in the event of a Songhai invasion. Thousands of guns and dozens of cannon are shipped out to Burkina by Oyo and Benin, who are producing the weapons for Burkina until it is capable of doing so on its own.
 * Seeing as this is not really "Mali" but an Oyoan state carved out of what used to be part of Mali, I'd suggest coming up with your own name for it.  21:30, May 21, 2014 (UTC)
 * Good call. I'll just go with Burkina then, since that's the region under Oyo's control. ~Viva
 * Hesse: We invade Münster, and warn Köln to stay out of it. We ask Spain for an alliance.
 * Grand Duchy of Bavaria: Bavaria expands its military. The population continues to rise. Grand Duchess Regent Elisabeth II and her council continue to allow the training of new troops. Several markets are constructed in Landshut as well as trade houses for Austrian and Castilian traders. In Austria, several new ships begin being constructed, with twenty-five very large cogs being finished, and by 1509, a trade route is put in place. Such important places in the trade route include Rome, Athens, Constantinople, Gibraltar, and the coasts of Brittany, due to a longstanding trade deal. Continuing in 1509, Elisabeth commissions six cogs to sail around western Mediterranean coasts. The market center in Landshut continues to attract Bavarian and Venetian traders. In religious news, around 76% of the country adheres to the Western Church. Most adherents live around Munchen and Landshut. In other news, Bavaria continues implementing the Alliance and Merchant Act as well as the Militia and Navy Act. The Bavarian Court continues hosting a largely Venetian composition. However, many Bavarian families have intermingled with the Venetians, creating a distinct social class and gentry. In national news, the common courts continue to be implemented around Bavaria as several of the lower class make use it of. The serf laws begin to be used as well. Skeptics who theorized that the serf laws would mark no profound change in society begin to be proven wrong. In 1509, as many as two hundred serfs sue for their freedom. Franz-Albert, as well as Regent Elisabeth, begins to ponder a law that would fully abolish serfdom, seeing how it has more or less deteriorated in Bavaria. The wild unpopularity of these laws begin to wear off as well. Franz-Albert and Regent Elisabeth further incorporate the Collegiate Writs, allowing many more lower class men to enter college. In legal news, Elisabeth continues implementing the Bavarian Commands. Regent Elisabeth sends letters around Europe, pertaining to a royal marriage for her nephew, Prince Charles (8). In regards to the Roman proposal for Mary, Elisabeth accepts the proposal and allows any son of the Emperor's choosing to wed Mary.
 * Munchen: By 1509, the total class of Queen Isabell University amounts to about 4500 men. Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The Collegiate Writs begin to draw more men to college.
 * Straubing: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Ingolstadt: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burgau: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Nurnburg: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burggrafschaft: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Bamberg: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Wurzburg: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. A religious change begins occurring in Wurzburg upon the ascension of Franz-Albert, where many more Western Christians begin inhabiting the bishopric. The clergy begins being alarmed and they fear displacement. An envoy dispatched by Franz-Albert attempts to quell their fears.
 * Thuringia: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II and Count Regent Vittorio continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Countess Elisabeth normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion.
 * Saxony: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II and Count Regent Vittorio continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Countess Elisabeth normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion.
 * Madagasikara, under King Esteban's leadership, finally decides to act upon the increasing dislike of Great Zimbabwe, which was noted for its anti-Christian king and nativist policies which including shunning Madagasikaran traders from their markets. He mobilizes the army in the early part of the year to Sofala, where the troops are sent away on a crusade to protect their Christian brethren from the heathen rulers of Zimbabwe. The war progresses slowly at first as the Madagasikaran troops battle the dedicated Zimbabweans, but once we begin to attack their cities with our Spanish-supplied siege equipment, the tide surges in our favor. The priests who urged Esteban the Pious to make the decision are even more excited with the idea of having a true Christian crusader as their ruler, and missionary activities throughout the Swahili Coast continue. The war, seen as a distant engagement by many, does not impact naval development or trade with Spain, nor does it impede population growth, which continues to take place at unprecedented rates.
 * Sofala, Pembara and Mozambika focus on sending military aid to Madagasikara to help subjugate Great Zimbabwe. The trans-Sofala road comes into great use, but construction is still far from completion. The young citizens of Sofala and Mozambika, who are now serving in the army, were previously living in Madagasikara, and owe great allegiance to the mother country. Meanwhile, culture emanates from Sofala and Pembara.
 * Grand Duchy of Hamburg: the infrastructure damaged during the war nears repaired, though the economy still has a way to go in order to reach pre-war numbers. A number of ships are commissioned into the merchant fleet, and the HTSC begins preparations for a trans-Atlantic voyage. Within the Duchy, many citizens begin to feel wary of Hesse, seeing them as aggressive expanders, taking every opportunity to expand.
 * Duchy of Mecklenburg: integration into Hamburg continues.
 * Magdeburg: Military expanded.
 * Neue Lüneburg: Expands by 4 px
 * Williamsburg: Trade increases.
 * Rumania: Stephen, now 34, continues to work on improving the economy; Iron, salt and coal mines dot the landscape. Coal is produced for metalworking and heating. These mines provide the resources required by the foundries and traders on the coast. The growing mines require more processing facilities, which spur more development along the coast. More large shipyards open and the lumber industry continues to expand. The first Leverlock shop is supplemented by a much larger second, and hundreds are built and exported across the eastern Mediterranean. The Danube becomes a highway of commerce, hundreds of barges travel up and down its length transporting people, materials, goods, and ideas. As much as 9% of the nation has reached basic literacy, and the Moralists promote education of commoners by priests, in order to give everyone the opportunity to read the bible. Education among the elite is becoming almost mandatory. The Tsunami which occurred damaged the port of Varna and slightly damages the port of Constanta; the ports were repaired quickly after sustaining the damage.
 * The Consulate of Bulgaria: The economy continues to grow. The printing press spreads south into Bulgaria just as in Rumania. Ties with Rumania are strengthened; hundreds of Romanians move into the country, seeking cheap and productive land, and inter-marriage becomes very common. Bulgarians also begin to migrating to trade towns in Romania to seek more economic opportunities. Bulgarian populations in Rumania now represent a large minority, and the same can be said about Romanians in Bulgaria. Ethnic tensions are uncommon in both nations as multi-ethnic communities existed before the large migrations.
 * In the Tartary, the population grows. The French delegation is recieved; the news of a New World and the proof of the Aureannic existance through its delegation intrigue Alexander Khan, and he begins to wonder whether these lands can be reached through land through the East. He requests some Aureannics stay behind in the Tartary to be studied in Court, and for the French to bring more of them to begin a small colony of them in the area. The economy continues to grow, with cities growing and the population doing as well. Traders and production in the region begin booming. Minerals are discovered around the Urals, to the east of the nation. The nation begins expanding eastwards into the Yamal, especially around the northern Urals, brought forth by prospection of minerals, by 5000 sq  km. The military is developed. Khiva continues to be influenced at a great importance. Relations are improved with Hungary and Rome.


 * ​Adyghea begins to grow more closely alligned with the Tartary itself. The population grows, accomodating Alans and Tatars leaving Crimea. The economy also does, as do the vantage positions on the Caucasus. A mild Chechen revolt erupts to the east of the nation.
 * Great Perm also begins to grow more dependent on the Tartary. The rouble continues spreading throughout North Asia, now becoming the primary method of trade in the Tartary, Adyghea, Kazakhstan, and to a lesser degree the Central Asian states. The military also grows, with modernisation occurring.
 * Kazakhstan continues to modernise. Centralisation continues to occur, with ulus and warlords being defeated quickly by the Manghud governors in the name of the Tartary. The economy grows because of increased centralisation, as cotton and apples begin to be produced rapidly in the region.
 * Azov continues construction of Özu-Cale. The main fort, now named Iskander-Hisar (or Alexander-Kremlin) continues construction. The port begins to grow, with the town now having around 300 inhabitants and the first few shipfuls of grain leaving down the Dneiper, easier for transportation. Other cities continue to grow.
 * Lombardy: Work continues on the Certosa di Pavia, the Castle Visconteo, and on the extensive Milan Cathedral. We continue training a proper standing army, utilizing Swiss mercenaries and local recruits. With border disputes now settled between the nations of Austria and Switzerland, we continue opening friendly relations with both nations in hopes of repairing our diplomatic relations and protecting our northern border. We continue constructing cogs and galleys to strengthen our navy and protect our interests on the seas. Our turn is dedicated to economy in both our nation and our vassals. Wallis is declared a vassal of our nation, and we continue influencing them.
 * Novgorod: We continue the production of ships, cannons, muskets, advanced crossbows, swords, and composite bows, increasing our military capabilities in case of war. The nation’s training and advancement of military continues. The recent classes of Koch ships are being manufactured in Novgorod. The town of St Patriksburg’s population grows a bit more that last year. As the construction of the town improves, the Kremlin finishes, trade becoming more in demand, the town gains slightly. Because of the trade road built with Tver our economy increases. After seeing a great success with the private schools in the cities of Novgorod, St Patriksburg, Staraya Russa, and Nizhny Novgorod. We start building another private school in Rostov and Yaroslavl. We complete building private schools in Torzhok and a private school in Staraya Ladoga. We dedicate this turn to economy. As fur traders and hunters begin to move into Karelia, the border is expanded 3000 square miles directly to the north. We are pleased that peaceful terms have been met between us and Scandinavia, and we hope to improve relations in the future.
 * Tver: We complete the construction of the private school in Tver and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Yaroslavl, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to economy.
 * Yaroslavl: We complete the construction of the private school in Yaroslavl and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to economy.
 * Rostov: We completed the construction of the private school in Rostov and start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Yaroslavl, Muscovy. We dedicate this turn to economy.
 * Karelia: We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to economy.
 * Tawatinsuyu: Military improves.. The size of the army hits 28,000. Cuzco, Machu Picchu, and Chan Chan are developed further, populations of these cities hits 266,000, 145,000, and 167,000 respectively. Population across the empire hits 1,900,000. Reformation of the farming system continues as crops produce better yields. Research into medicine and the sciences continues, with advancements being made allowing for greater care of the sick and injured. Rebuilding and building continues across the empire. Culture merging continues. The empire is now divided into four districts, Cuzco-suyu (the area formerly known as the Kingdom of Cuzco) Aymara-suyu (the territories conquered in the two Cuzcan-Aymaran wars) Nazca-Suyu (area perviously known as the Ica-Nazca) and Chimu-suyu (the Ica-Nazca's northern vassals). Each of these districts acts similar to a state, with regional rulers being appointed by the Sapa-Inca. The process of culture blending begins to show effects, as Cuzcans live across the emipire now, taking there culture with them. While Cuzcans are the largest ethnic group (~48%) they still do not make up 50% of the empire. The other ethnic groups are:Nazca (~13%), Chimu (~15%), Wankan (~6%) Aymara (~4%) and Other (2%). As the culuture blending continues, the rise of a new culture group begins. Known as Inca, this culture group makes up about 13% of the empire's population. This culture group is found mainly in the three "golden" cities. Inca is growing faster than Cuzcan and will over take Cuzcan (if an outside source doesn't get involved) in 27 years time. The enslavement of the Aymara people begins once again, though the ethnic purging is left out of the old formula. The first true Sapa Inca dies, and his son inherits the throne.
 * Austria: This turn in both our nation and in all our vassals is dedicated to military. We train and expand our military using new experience from recent wars, and grow our nation economically. In Morocco our position in Melilla is fortified. All fortifications around the region are rebuilt and manned by stationed guards in case of an attack. To protect Melilla the construction of a fortress outside the city is considered, although postponed for now. The port of Melilla is rebuilt to begin operation as a trade port and military outpost. Construction continues on a shipyard in the Melilla port to facilitate the construction and repair of friendly ships. Melilla is granted a permanent naval garrison in the city’s port. to respond to dangers in the area, and to support the small garrison on land who mans the fortifications. Our position in Morocco is fortified by reinforcements, bringing Melilla operational against attacks. For now a small fleet is stationed in its harbor, while its garrison continues to hold the north and its supply lines, supporting our Christian brethren.  With much of the Muslim population of Melilla left dead after the war against Morocco, the local government attempts to entice settlers by offering large quantities of land to Christian settlers. Many Europeans, particularly of German descent and/or from central Europe begin settling the area around Melilla. With finances from Augsburg-based banking establishments, the Trieste Company continues to launch expeditions to West Africa. Abrechtburg has grown to a decently sized settlement, supporting a population of farmers, traders and a small garrison of soldiers. The town also houses a well furbished fort, armed with a small amount of cannons intended to defend the settlement and the harbor from any attack. Built out of necessity, the port at Abrechtburg is refurbished and expanded to support more trade ships, and allied countries are welcomed to trade and stay in the town. The second largest settlement in Westenland, Dominusburg, follows suit, finishing the construction of a port similar to Abrechtburg ‘s. Trade posts continue to be built and exploited, now numbering several dozen along the coast of Westenland and into allied territory. Our reliance on the Wolof becomes less so, but we sign a trade agreement with their nation to continue our positive relationship. Deals are made with the Wolof for slaves and other goods. Conversion of the natives begin around the settlement. Several bimereiches and caravels begin construction in Trieste, Melilla, Corfu, and other ports,  to further facilitate and protect overseas trade. Trade is increased with the Grand Duchy of Bavaria and other trade partners, bringing about new avenues of trade and commerce. Charles V is coronated as Holy Roman Emperor after a successful election in Frankfurt.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire goes into one of the most difficult years of its existence since the defeat of the Ottomans. The earthquake kills many, and many homes and other buildings in the capital are ruined. Thankfully, most of the important buildings like the Imperial Palace, the Haiga Sophia, and the harbor are relatively unharmed. The royal family tours the ruined city, and Thomas I does so often to inspire hope in his people. This ultimately proves to be his downfall, as one day, as the Emperor is touring the city as usual, a disgruntled Venetian steps out of the shadows and manages to stab the Emperor a few times before being cut down by the Paramonoi. The Emperor is rushed to back to the Imperial Palace, but little can be done and he eventually dies. This creates a major problem for the Empire, as the former Emperor's sons are not yet old enough to rule and there is no close relation able to take the throne. A week goes by, and the nation is on the brink of chaos, yet the nobles eventually come to a solution and the Empress Consort Elsa takes the throne to maintain a regency until one of her sons comes of age. This resolves most of the problems, and most nobles are content with this solution. Elsa gains the trust of the Roman people by continuing to speed up the reconstruction of the capital, and by two months people begin to get their houses back.
 * Albania: The nation continues to enhance its military, and aid is sent to the Romans to help deal with the issues of the earthquake.
 * Epirus: The government continues to implement the plans for annexation into the Roman Empire. Funds that were directed towards rebuilding the last of the Venetian fortifications are diverted to help restore the Roman capital.
 * Naxos: The Duke is able to breath a sigh of relief, as he believes that the rise of power of Elsa, a fellow Western European, will allow him to remain on his throne. To further gain her support, he sends aid and stone to help rebuild the capital, an act that does improve his standing in the Imperial Court.
 * Ragusa: Trade continues to expand thanks to Ragusa's ideal position and valuable resources. Books continue to be printed to educate the population. Aid is sent to help repair the Roman capital.
 * Pskov Works on its economy, helps Scandinavia, pools money for another explorer.
 * Burjid Sultanate: Two years ago there was a massive Pro-Shia and Pro-Savafid rebellion in Anatollia against the Ottoman Empire. Unfortunately, the rebellions spread to the northern part of the Sultanate which caused counter Pro-Sunni and Pro-Burjid revolts. These revolts caused instability and upheaval in the nation and naturally it decentralized. During this chaos the people retreated to the various mosques built during the Mosque Model Campaign. Eventually, the Pro-Sunni and Pro-Brujid counter rebellions were victorious as a result of their bigger size and the Sultan's report. The peace was only temporary. However, as a second wave of rebellions hit the nation last year which consisted of warlords uprising as a result of the chaos and the people going to the mosques even more. During this time, a leader known as Hadi arose and banded the people under the Islamic faith saying that the Sultan has failed them and the other warlords are out for selfish gain. Hadi's followers grew over time and they surrounded the capital because of the Sultan's and Hadi's similar views on Islam  The Transitional Government this year where negoations are taking place and a new formal government shall be re-established next year.
 * Bengal Sultanate: The decrease in taxes on the landed elite does its job in most areas of the Sultanate, decreasing the tax load on the peasantry and earning him their support. The tax cuts on the merchant class allow for more trade to be conducted, and a recent lax on some of the quota laws allows for more goods to be shipped from Bengal, greatly increasing trade income. Cash crops continue to be grown in large amounts. With our merchants traveling to Ava, Kamarumpa and Arakan regularly, Islam continues to grow in their areas. Most all trade roads continue to see much-needed maintenance. Due to Bengal having control over lands of multiple ethnicities and religions, literary works in the form of poems continue to take influence from all three religions of the Sultanate. Urdu, also called Hindi by some, becomes more common in the Sultanate due to the mixing of Hindu and Islamic ideals. We continue to help finance the Plutocratic State of Jaunpur, Delhi Sultanate and Bahamani Sultanate by sending gifts directly to the nobles/sultans, offering loans from powerful trade bankers, and decreasing the trade taxes over all of Bengal, allowing more of our merchant goods to travel into those states. We also raise a portion of the Sultan's personal levy and then divide it to be sent out to the states' leaders, so that they can do with them what they wish in order to maintain order in their nation. The construction of schools and universities several years ago has led to an increase in scholars and literacy in our nation. Due to the removal of trade barriers among a majority of states in the Indian League, their merchants and ours begin to travel with increased mobility and goods, thereby increasing the trade income and output in the agreeing nations. Several Bengali merchants continue to sponsor gem mines in the Mogok area of Ava, due to the high concentration of gems such as rubies, sapphires, garnets and moonstones, and the first of many mines begin to return with more sucesses. Construction of ships based upon Castilian designs, granted to us by them, continues, in order to further our efforts to explore and trade. New crops begin to enter into several plantations. (These weren't newly introduced to Bengal, they are just newly introduced to the plantations), Opium and Cannabis. The increasing need for an anthesthetic due to many more surgeries in Bengal, simply due to an increasing population, leads Opium cultivation to become very lucrative and results in many plantations including in their crops. Cannabis becomes more popular, not simply due to its cultural history in Muslim societies, but also because of its popular use in several poetic works.
 * ​Emirate of Andamana: Illyas-Sasaska continues to reclaim land on the island to make room for farms, and to have timber for building both boats and houses. The Emirate expands another 500 km onto the island. The ships built by the timber from the island help contribute to Bengali trade. Continues working on economy and infrastructure.
 * Rajya of Orissa: Kapilendra Deva continues to listen to his advisers and bring about several reforms to his nation that make it more Islamic friendly, one of which is new, and calls for the creation of one mosque for each Hindu temple in the name of tolerance, when in reality, his advisers have prescribed this to bring about larger Islamic influence. The new University of Bhubanēśbara (Bhubaneswar) finishes construction and now houses several classes ranging from literature to economics.
 * Swargadeo of Kamarupa: Now vassalized by Bengal, the Swargadeo of Ahom continues to receive extensive help in creating viable farmland. They do this by continuing a process of land reclamation in the northern part of the state, which is largely marshy and thinly populated. This process of reclamation begins by using dikes, embankments and irrigation systems. The land reclamation, having been going on for decades, is extremely successful in creating viable farmland for rice, grain and other staple crops, increasing Kamarupa's population and their yearly trade output.
 * Shahdom of Verkana: Shah Farbod Bavandid decides to postpone discussions with the Roman Empire after he recieves news that the Emperor had died before he and the Shah were able to discuss trade and other things of that sort. The Shah requests an audience with the Empress Consort, hoping to discuss trade and things of other sorts. Regent Sepehr continues the building of M'Ebed Atash, predicting that it should be finished by the end of next year. Translation of Zoroastrian holy texts continues as well, the Regent hoping those to be finished by the end of the next year as well. The Regent continues the fortification of the southern border, with small forts still being built along the border. The Regent also continues to import more modern weaponry to equip the army with.
 * Zapoteca: With the number of immune people in the population growing, disease begins to dwindle in the Empire. The Spanish aid is greatly appreciated. The Emperor continues financing Spanish settlers to come to the kingdom and marry into the population. Trade increases and continues with the Spanish. Tlaco II expands roadways connecting cities in the alliance to help merchants and soldiers move more freely between them. The military, which had been outdated for many years, continues to be upgraded. The economy booms with trade as a result of the roads. In the coastal regions under Danibaan's influence, more boats are created. Tlaco II orders more to be manufactured to bring in goods from the sea. Pressure continues to be asserted on Itzapam to join the Zapotec-Spanish sphere.

1510
In England the first recorded fatal accident involving a gun is recorded at Welton, East Riding of Yorkshire.

'''Following Hesse’s seemingly expansionist invasion of Münster, several of Hesse’s enemies from the Westphalian Revolt mobilize to combat them. The Archbishop of Köln declares war, and Saxony and Thuringia are asked for their support.'''
 * Portugal: Continues a notable buildup in military strength and allows for a vigorous training program on the existing military forces attempting to train them up heavily. Meanwhile, the administration continues to be reformed, and agriculture and commerce are encouraged. Meanwhile, Portugal continues to develop its navy. Meanwhile, Portuguese traders continue visiting the Castilian settlements in the Canaries. Meanwhile, wheat continues to be cultivated in Leiname. By this time, the colony in Leiname starts to export wheat to Portugal. Meanwhile, some Portuguese explorers continue to explore the African coast. The Açores continue to be settled. Meanwhile, the new ships that been developed, called naus, and that are similar to the Castilian carracks, begin to be used. Naval explorations directed to the west continue, after news that new lands may have been found there. Meanwhile, Santa Cruz expands north by 1800 sq km. Meanwhile, pau-brasil (brazilwood) starts to be extracted in the colony. Meanwhile, the colony of São Sebastião expands 200 sq km. Meanwhile, Portugal accepts Oyo's offer.
 * |onte continues to have a large surplus of grain. Though adopting "western farming", the idea of "the tribe" is still very much so alive, as people always share the crops they have grown, or the animals they have hunted amongst the community. Mon's children advocate the planting of trees in small groves. Throughout the year, Mon's children go elephant hunting, though it is very dangerous, as they are hunting them with arquebuses, and the whole process requires much co-ordination. However, the results are said to be spectacular, as the tribe gains new wealth in the collected ivory, and the elephant meat is considered a rarity. The season resulted in six elephants being killed. The elephant pen is finished this year, providing a stable, easy source of elephants that provide both meat and ivory. Much of the younger generation knows how to hunt, and begin to help their parents, increasing the prosperity of the tribe. Not only do they know how to hunt, but in accordance with tribal tradition, each one of them may become a warrior if the need be, trained both in the arquebus and the bow, though the arquebus is gaining much ground against the arrow. |onte is becoming very rich with money made from elephant hunting, as they have nothing to spend the money on. Ma-n!o continues to police his "Rikisi-ate", hunting down the remaining native men. Niko sends coconuts to |onte at a cheap price. |on is taught by the tribesmen to their new wives and children. Mon II begins teaching children in the vicinity of the Kunene how to read, causing great interest amongst children of these strange characters, that give them a new form to play. Debarubo takes time to consolidate the recently earned lands, and raiding his new frontiers. Debarubo plays with the concept of claiming his family as the "Rikisis" of |onte. |onte's population rises to over 10,000.
 * Prussia: The Prussians begin to develop their military. The Prussians continue to build their new navy.
 * Courland: The Curonians also continue developing their military.
 * Estland: Ossel-Wiek also continues developing their military. Duke Franz continues to reshape the face of Arensburg.
 * Grand Duchy of Hamburg: The government officially condemns the Hessian invasion, Count Heinrich responded, "Hesse, didn't you learn from the Westphalen Revolt? These states don't want you to rule them." The Hamburg diplomats are recalled from Ludwigsburg. The economy continues to recover.
 * Duchy of Mecklenburg: Military expanded.
 * Magdeburg: Military expanded.
 * Neue Lüneburg: Trade increases.
 * Williamsburg: Expands by 4 px.
 * Aztec Empire: With the disease ravaging the people. We are exhuberent to receive the assistance of the Spanish. The infrastructure is expanded. The great and loved and revered, Emperor Cuauhtemoc dies at the age of 60. The population has leveled itself this year, remaining at 2.7 million. Cuauhtemoc's eldest son, the military genius, Tezcacoatl takes over becoming Emperor Tezcacoatl I. His younger brother, Quatzecoatl changes his name to Cuauhtemoc II in respect of his loving father. Losing Atlocuapo, and northern regions of Atotonilco, have been catastrophic. We begin rebuilding some of the military bases, as nature has begun to intertwine itself inside it. The large arrays of hospitals are cherised. The people look to the new Emperor Tezcacoatl I, who like his father, Cuauhtemoc I, favors one god, quite similar to these foreigners. Tezcacoatl I believes embracing the Spaniards religion is the right way to go, making it easier to form more postive relations. The Emperor is intercepted by a Pskovian explorer named Fedoro, the audience is uneasy, as the Emperor is completely surrounded by the Elite guards, Jaguar Warriors. Language and communication between the two is difficult, but some things are learned, as the way they dress, and the more significance in detail in more powerul individual's clothes and armor. The Emperor opens his people up to the idea of a new religion, and the majority of the capital, begin to grow warm to it. We ask the Emperor Tlaco II to continue our prosperous alliance which has lasted over 100 years. We request the Spanish to teach us their religion, and some of the information about their world. We offer more silver to the Spanish which have been helping us combat disease. The old idea of the elders, of limiting and segregating sick people is put into use. Hospitals are up in havoc, with the cases having to be dealt with. Many in the eastern part of empire, pick up a few words in Spanish, but mainly just slang and terms which would be hard to use, as it was just bits and parts of the Spanish Knight's discussions.
 * The Kingdoms of Great Albion (Scotland and England) - member nation of the UKGA: Many ships are modernized and replaced to keep the Royal Albion Navy a powerful forces on the high seas. Port Edmundburg continues to experience a growth in population. Albionic settlers continue to explore the surrounding areas. The dialect of English originally found in Scotland and the Eire grows so large that it covers most of the North of England. This new dialect is called Bythigish (portmanteau of Brython and English). English nobles begin to enjoy the Celtic myths of Eire and Scotland. The Templar Order continues to undercut the King's enemies and seeks ways to privately grow the power of the King and Albion as a whole. The Order buys up many smaller businesses and collectivizes some farms. The Order begins to expand into other areas of Europe, seeking to grow understanding as well as pushing Albionic ideals. Albion continues to explore farther west and south. A clockmaker from Cambridge becomes popular for his accurate timepieces and the exquisite wood housing. He creates a chime for the St Mary's Cathedral, the chimes are called the Cambridge Chimes (OTL Westminster Quarters aka Big Ben's chime). The Chimes become so popular, other clock-makers incorporate the chimes into their clocks. The Crown Dominion of Hamburg does well this year, as an influx of trade begins to repair the wounds of several wars. The English Renaissance is born when several painters in London show off some impressive works. Trade with the Mughal Empire begins to boom. ◾King Sigismund of Hungary, in light of bettering relations between the two allies, enquires about being able to lease the former Venetian port in Dublin. In exchange, 200 ships (100 caravels, 50 galleys, 50 cogs) will be sold to Albion. Hungary hopes this deal will be favourable for both nations.
 * Calais: Military and navy are expanded.
 * Dublin: Dublin undergoes another remodel and expansion to the ports due to the massive influx of trade from Castile and Venice as well as an increased Eire trade.
 * Scotland: Expands navy and military. Pan Albion sentiments grow, Trade increases. Whiskey is traded down to central Albion.
 * Wales: Wales expands its military and navy. Cardiff becomes a large centre of trade for Wales. The Welsh appoint Adam Cyrdger as Royal Minister. The first sessions of parliament are held. Wales does not see as large a population boom as Albion or Scotland, but a minor one, centered around Cardiff and Swansea, does occur.
 * Port Edmundburg expands by 1000 sq km east. The African colonists begin looking toward mining and other ventures to generate profit.
 * New Cambridgeshire: New Cambridgeshire expands by 1000 sq km west. Colonists begin to explore around the region and begin to have a large fishing boom. The Port of New Rotham is expanded to handle excess ships from Albion and other European nations and is renamed by popular vote as New Oxford. The people of New Oxford also begin an attempt to gain knowledge of farming in Borealia from Native Peoples.
 * Grand Duchy of Bavaria: Bavaria expands its military. The population continues to rise. Grand Duchess Regent Elisabeth II and her council continue to allow the training of new troops. Several markets are constructed in Landshut as well as trade houses for Austrian and Castilian traders. In Austria, several new ships begin being constructed, with twenty-five very large cogs being finished, and by 1510, a trade route is put in place. Such important places in the trade route include Rome, Athens, Constantinople, Gibraltar, and the coasts of Brittany, due to a longstanding trade deal. Continuing in 1510, Elisabeth commissions six cogs to sail around western Mediterranean coasts. The market center in Landshut continues to attract Bavarian and Venetian traders. In religious news, around 76% of the country adheres to the Western Church. Most adherents live around Munchen and Landshut. In other news, Bavaria continues implementing the Alliance and Merchant Act as well as the Militia and Navy Act. The Bavarian Court continues hosting a largely Venetian composition. However, many Bavarian families have intermingled with the Venetians, creating a distinct social class and gentry. In national news, the common courts continue to be implemented around Bavaria as several of the lower class make use it of. The serf laws begin to be used as well. Skeptics who theorized that the serf laws would mark no profound change in society begin to be proven wrong. In 1510, as many as two hundred serfs sue for their freedom. Franz-Albert, as well as Regent Elisabeth, begins to ponder a law that would fully abolish serfdom, seeing how it has more or less deteriorated in Bavaria. The wild unpopularity of these laws begin to wear off as well. Franz-Albert and Regent Elisabeth further incorporate the Collegiate Writs, allowing many more lower class men to enter college. In legal news, Elisabeth continues implementing the Bavarian Commands. In daunting news, Regent Elisabeth II declares war on Hesse, with the casus belli revolving Hesse's utter, disturbing betrayal of alliances, particularly the Hessian backstab of Hamburg in the recent war. She sends out 31,000 troops (this will be a separate, offensive algorithm, not a part of the defensive Munster algo.) Furthermore, Elisabeth states that Hesse is a volatile power in the region and it must be put down to secure the whole of Germany. In Augsburg, the lame duck chancellor, Franz-Albert, issues an approval of his sister's actions as one of his last orders as Chancellor of the HRE. Elisabeth calls upon her allies in the HRE to aid Bavaria in the war.
 * Munchen: By 1510, the total class of Queen Isabell University amounts to about 4500 men. Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. The Collegiate Writs begin to draw more men to college.
 * Straubing: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Ingolstadt: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burgau: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Nurnburg: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Burggrafschaft: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Bamberg: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders.
 * Wurzburg: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. A religious change begins occurring in Wurzburg upon the ascension of Franz-Albert, where many more Western Christians begin inhabiting the bishopric. The clergy begins being alarmed and they fear displacement. An envoy dispatched by Franz-Albert attempts to quell their fears.
 * Thuringia: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II and Count Regent Vittorio continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Countess Elisabeth normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion. Count Regent Vittorio Erani follows his wife's lead and declares war on Hesse.
 * Saxony: Troops authorized by Regent Elisabeth II and Count Regent Vittorio continue training. Several markets are constructed as well as trade houses for European traders. Countess Elisabeth normalizes taxes in an effort to subset any rebellion. Count Regent Vittorio Erani follows his wife's lead and declares war on Hesse.
 * Austria: This turn in both our nation and in all our vassals is dedicated to economy. We train and expand our military using new experience from recent wars, and grow our nation economically. In Morocco our position in Melilla is fortified. All fortifications around the region are rebuilt and manned by stationed guards in case of an attack. To protect Melilla the construction of a fortress outside the city is considered, although postponed for now. The port of Melilla is rebuilt to begin operation as a trade port and military outpost. Construction continues on a shipyard in the Melilla port to facilitate the construction and repair of friendly ships. Melilla is granted a permanent naval garrison in the city’s port. to respond to dangers in the area, and to support the small garrison on land who mans the fortifications. Our position in Morocco is fortified by reinforcements, bringing Melilla operational against attacks. For now a small fleet is stationed in its harbor, while its garrison continues to hold the north and its supply lines, supporting our Christian brethren. With much of the Muslim population of Melilla left dead after the war against Morocco, the local government attempts to entice settlers by offering large quantities of land to Christian settlers. Many Europeans, particularly of German descent and/or from central Europe begin settling the area around Melilla. With finances from Augsburg-based banking establishments, the Trieste Company continues to launch expeditions to West Africa. Abrechtburg has grown to a decently sized settlement, supporting a population of farmers, traders and a small garrison of soldiers. The town also houses a well furbished fort, armed with a small amount of cannons intended to defend the settlement and the harbor from any attack. Built out of necessity, the port at Abrechtburg is refurbished and expanded to support more trade ships, and allied countries are welcomed to trade and stay in the town. The second largest settlement in Westenland, Dominusburg, follows suit, finishing the construction of a port similar to Abrechtburg ‘s. Trade posts continue to be built and exploited, now numbering several dozen along the coast of Westenland and into allied territory. Our reliance on the Wolof becomes less so, but we sign a trade agreement with their nation to continue our positive relationship. Deals are made with the Wolof for slaves and other goods. Conversion of the natives begin around the settlement. Several bimereiches and caravels begin construction in Trieste, Melilla, Corfu, and other ports, to further facilitate and protect overseas trade. Trade is increased with the Grand Duchy of Bavaria and other trade partners, bringing about new avenues of trade and commerce. Mainz, Palatinate, and Luxembourg declare war on the nation of Hesse to aid Bavaria.
 * Marrikuwuyanga Empire: The Marrikuwuyanga had constructed large temples in honour of the Emperor. Trading with the Ayutthaya had proved beneficial for the Empire, and not only were the Marrikuwuyanga able to acquire muskets, they were also able to find a market for their sale of iron ore. Meanwhile, Marrikuwuyanga's influence continued to increase within the neighbouring tribes and the military was strengthened as the military gained access to the muskets via Ayutthaya and its production had started albeit at a very slow scale. Trade boosted Marrikuwuyanga's economy. The crop yield increased annually and so did the population. We expand 50 px along the western coast. The mining of iron had started in large scale and the military produced large number of swords, spears, etc. Meanwhile with trade having started with the Dutch, the economy was slowly recovering from the loss it had suffered in the absence of the Ayutthaya
 * Timor: Having established dominance over the island, the Emperor was keen on making sure there was no rebellion by the natives and soon after marching as conquerors, the tribal leaders were bombarded with gifts by the Marrikuwuyangan Emperor who assured them that they would be allowed to keep their power as tribal leaders as long as they recognized Emperor Yada Gulpilil as their God. Meanwhile, military and navy were strengthened, although it was the navy that got much more attention
 * Marrikuwuyangan Diplomacy: The Dutch East Indies Company and the Council of the Supreme 12 sign the Treaty of Tapu
 * County of Oldenburg: Once again, Count Christian is caught in a perilous situation. On the one hand, he feels somewhat duty-bound to assist Hesse. On the other hand, as a pragmatist, he understands that such a move would be suicidal, and would mean fighting Hamburg; fighting his own daughter. The Count consults his War Council. They opine that unless Hesse's expansionism is curbed soon, Oldenburg may one day too be on the chopping block. With his hands tied, and with immense regret, Count Christian VI declares war on Hesse. Troops move across the border, and OHG ships are authorised to take possession of the Hessian outposts in Greenland and Africa.
 * Prince-Bishopric of Osnabruck: The Prince-Bishop also declares war on Hesse, saying that invading an eccelesiastical state is a crime against God and His Church. He, like most everyone, is unaware of the Count's offer of last year.
 * Hamburg Dip: while her fathers concern is appreciated, Duchess-Regent Adelheid points out that Hamburg held no intention on getting involved with the hessian affair, as Hamburgs military and economy cannot support such a campaign just yet.
 * Natigosteg L'nu: A European agriculture spreads through the tribes, the population begins to recover. The cultivation of wheat and barley, combined with cows, chickens and pigs, doubles the food supply, with greatly increased protein content. Starvation and hunger fall to record lows. Military expansion continues; more of the militia are recruited into the regular army, which now numbers 5000. The troops continue to be trained in modern tactics. Meanwhile, a navy is created. Two of the new carracks and six of the smaller ships are outfitted with arquebuses and crew and sent to patrol the fur-trading routes to the north. As a result, Ungava expands 1000 km, despite the hostility of native tribes in the area.
 * France: Military, navy and economy are built up. The colony continues expanding and growing by 1000 sq km each settlement. The vassalage of the Guixirienne begins (the Guajirean peoples) (Turn Two of Five). As the colony grows more settlers travel to the mainland of the Nouvelle Orleans and into the now friendly Aurienne empire in the south (Quimbaya, FTW!) The population of the colony reaches around 22,000 thousand composed mostly of settlers and a few more in the Aurienne kingdom. While this, the ambassador from the Tartars arrive and the first attempts to establish relations with them begins. A group of a 20 diplomats of Aurienne and their servants are sent to Tartary as well as a group of French diplomats.
 * Burgundy: Military and navy are built up.
 * Bourbon: Military and economy are built up.
 * Lorraine: Military and economy are built up.
 * Verdun: Military and economy are built up.
 * Saluzzo: Military and economy are built up.
 * Sardinia: Military and economy are built up.
 * Basel: Military and economy are built up.
 * Aargau: Military and economy are built up. The French presence begins to be felt. However, the attempts to establish a pro-Germanic government in order to avoid eventual uprisings, internal vassalization begins as well to fully convince German leadership.
 * Andorra: Military and economy are built up.
 * Africa: Military and economy are built up.
 * Trier: Military and economy are built up.
 * Julich: Military and economy are built up.
 * Zweibrucken: Military and economy are built up.
 * Aurienne: The kingdom begins establishing its control over the regions sending a dozen of "diplomats" into Europe to establish more active relations with the French and their allies. Military and economy are built up, the nation expands both west and east towards the colonies of the French. Some locals begin dying from small pox and other known European diseases.
 * Safavid Empire: We build up our military and navy. We continue to build walls and outposts around our capital city. The building of the biggest mosque in the nation is continuing now. Port cities are being rebuilt. More ships are being made for our navy. Our own version of guns are being made. Farming is becoming one of the most important industries, besides blacksmithy, trading and fishing. The building of the first college in the capital city is continuing. Guns are now mass produced in our country. We continue to make more woodblock printing presses for our libraries. Prototype cannons at three feet long are continuing to be made. A trade route from our home country to Oirat is mapped out. People are now trading with each other on this trade route. Foreign exchange banks are becoming popular in our country due to the ETA (Eurasian Trade Agreement). Trade has increased due to the ETA. A new art form is continuing to be drawn. It is a mix of Safavid, Oirat and Mughal art. Our art is continuing to be popular with all of the nation around us. We continue to vassel Khanate of Khiva by bringing in troops and Islamic leaders to influence them in our way. Trade goes well with the Dutch merchants. All slaves that come from the Oyo nation are contiued to be converted to Shiite Islam.
 * The Great Liao Empire: Cement and iron increase in production. Iron weapons are now majorly used. As we increase in population, we slowly target our expansion northward. We continue to develop our firearms. We continue to study the printing press and make more of them. We begin building up our military and create even tougher practices. We expand our settlement at North Baikal Lake. We begin sending our soldiers next to the Baikal Jurchens. 50,000 soldiers are sent to the north of Baikal Lake and another 10,000 is in a small naval base on Baikal Lake. We continue building up on our border against the Baikal Jurchens. We create the eight inch cannon. We ramp up our military.
 * Yakutsk: We expand by 200 sq km.
 * Liao D: We ask for trade relationships with European nations.
 * Liao D to China: We send some more taels of silver.
 * Liao D to Tartary and Safavid: We ask our dear allies to give us support for our future conquest of the Baikal Jurchens.
 * Rajya of Marwar: The economy begins to expand and the nation turns Jaisalmer into a vassal. During these events, Rao Raja Singh sends more architects from Marwar to the Mughal who would design Mandirs in the Mughal Empire and also for priests to spread Hinduism in the Mughal Empire. The nation also supports numerous marriages between members of the Rajput clans and Mughali noble families. (eco turn)
 * Rajya of Jaisalmer: The nation expands its economy and is introduced into the Marwari-Mughali trade system.
 * Mughal Empire: The economy of the nations is expanded and architects sent by Emperor-Khan Raja Singh ud-din Muhammad Bahadur issue the building of the already designed temples. The Mughali prosperity continues as the Eurasian trade agreement is set into motion. (eco turn). Muhammad Mirza continues writing his book, while discussing the eastern culture, religion and knowledge with the young Karl van Nassau-Orleans of the Netherlands. Lady Maria Namur gives birth to another young girl, whose name is Priya.
 * Southern Chagatai (PSFSCK): The economy is expanded.
 * Alexandria and Aiguptia: Trade continues to increase as the ports are re-established. More people are converted to Coptic Christianity due to the See of Saint Mark's presence. Many Muslims reconsider their faith seeing the prosperity that Christians live in. Resources are sent to Aiguptia to maintain and protect the canal as that process continues and workers are encouraged to go seek out this opportunity. The economy continues to pick up as trade expands to SE Asia. The land acquired from Yemen by the Red Sea continues to see a port town established for sailors and merchants to rest before going into the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean, there is a medium increase in population as more people look to get into the trade business and travel from Castile and the Netherlands requires a stop for their sailors. In the province of Judea soldiers are to protect both Christian, Islamic and Jewish pilgrimages. Small amounts of conversions in Judea take place mainly converting Christians and Muslims to Coptic Christianity. Alexandria moves troops into the south as the region is to keep the region calm and free of revolt. OTL Goa and Karachi continue to become a massive destination for Alexandrian trades and relationships continued to be established. Grigorios' engineers continue plans of a reconstructed lighthouse on the cite of the citadel. Relations are continued with the nation Vijaynagar, an we continue establish more posts along the coast, especially at Goa. Immigration from traders and trading families increases to the trade enclaves in Alexander's Strait and the Somali enclaves. Alexandria's soldiers are sent to fight the rebels in the south and in Cairo. Asks fellow Christian nations in Nubia and Eastern Europe for assistance to end the islamic revolt. The Red Sea Trade Company is formed in order to deal with states along the Red Sea and creating safe and constant trade in the area. It is owned by the Great Eastern Sea Trade Co and is also a royal charter from Kafta and Grigorios. 100 px expansion into the Sinai Peninsula (should be whole peninsula now). Vassalization of Makuria and Alodia begins (Turn Seven of X). Girgorios will serve as an advisor  to Kafta.
 * Ethiopia: Grigorios and Kafta begins creating and developing relationships with local leaders. Shortly after the treaty everyone settles back into normal lifestyles. Soldiers are sent to Alexandria. Kafta becomes the ruler. Naval forces are built up. Mil Turn.
 * Cyrencia: Is put under semi-autonomy in a vassal state relationship. Naval ports are built. Conversions occur. Mil Turn.
 * Fusahito Theocracy: Newly emancipated slaves begin to take advantage of the state Land Bank to purchase land cheaply in underdeveloped regions, particularly the Date Province. However, this is happening at a slower rate than imagined by the Emperor, something he puts down to the ignorance of the old slaves. This causes problems, as ex-slaves are evicted from their old homes by the feudal lords who own around 90% of the land, leaving them nowhere to go. Although limited amounts of land are available, the reluctance of the peasantry to enter into debt means that they begin to view emancipation in a negative light, discontent which soon degenerates into scattered rural violence.  However, whilst chattel based slavery is outlawed, debt based slavery is kept legal, even in some cases encouraged. This is done to protect the Emperor's interests and to prevent an open revolt against the unpopular measures introduced. In the meantime, the  Emperor continues to provide financial and economic support to the Hosokawa Clan and the Japanese islands to the North which have thrown off the yoke of Chinese dominance. These measures continue to draw these Japanese patriots closer to the Theocracy. Year Three of Sixteen.
 * Castile: The Colony of Buenos Aires expands by (15 px) up the coast and establishes a captaincy farther south (5 px). The Castilian populace reaches about 10.1 million and growing. The Kingdom itself begins to expand its armed forces to nearly 80,000 and sends more military ships to Monaco to protect it from any aggression. The Castilian forces begin training exercizes. The Navy also begins to make serious advances in technology and armed attack formations along with its pushes out into the wide seas. The Colony of Buenos Aires reaches a population of about 12,000 and growing with the more families and women showing up. Castilian exploration ships begin exploring south to check out farther down the coast and look for the southern edge of the continent. Charles of Castile who had gone to the New World becomes governor of the Buenos Aires Colony. With the revolt in Seville Queen Alexis sends in the most experienced troops from both Castile and Aragon to keep control. However she also announces that while Charles may be her Husband he is not the leading monarch of Castile and Aragon, and that she will continue to rule with dignity and respect as she was before. Along with this the Queen dictates to her husband that they will rule their own personal realms separately and that Austria will have no true power over Castile, Aragon or any of their possessions due to the pride and high national spirits of their accomplishments. Along with this the Queens also dictates to her husband that in the event of her death that one of their sons will accend to the throne of Castile and not Charles and the brother will accend to the throne of Austria. Alexis writes up a treaty dictating the terms to her husband and request it be signed publicly in Seville to solidify her stern stance on any true outside influences on Spain and prove to the people of Seville that Austria will not come to dominate or take over Castile and Aragon now collectively being known as Spain. A Ceremony is held for passed King Ferdinand, and his Leading heir bearing the same name honoring their lives once again. This is named a national holiday. Phillip is put into the Spanish Royal education system. Passing the Straits of Torez (named after the explorer Rodrigo Torez) A Castilian fleet of 4 ships reaches a port city belonging to a nation known as the Inca.
 * Kingdom of Aragon: With Castilian assistance various infrastructural areas are rebuilt and the military is expanded to a token force of 10,000. Along with this support the Aragonian economy recovers slowly with a slow but controlled influx of Castilian economic aid helping Aragon recover. The ruling magistrate over Aragon signs a landmark trade deal with Castile which allows for Aragon's usage of Castile's large amounts of trade posts down the coast of Africa. The Aragonians now in control of the Spanish South African trading company fund the creation of the expansion of the Trade outpost into a formal colony to be settled much like Morocco and Granada were by Castile. The Colony of Cape Ferdinand expands 10 px up the coast and expands the captaincy down the coast now covering the mouth of the Orange River on the coast (5 px). It's mostly populated by Castilians who are the main people moving to the colonies. Aragon's population continues to be culturally integrated with the next generation speaking primarily Spanish with Catalan being phased out by the newer generation. Aragon recognizes Alexis of Castile as their Queen.
 * Kingdom of Cyprus: Cyprus gaining large funds from being a Castilian trade hub, begins building a few ships domestically, and purchases ships from Castile, or her allies shipwrights forming a respectable Cypriot navy of almost 90 ships with expected expansion to come. This expansion has been achieved specifically thanks to huge amounts of outsourcing to private shipwrights. Cyprus begins to see an exodus of the Knights Hospitaller west to Castile and her territories and King Matthias begins a larger recruitment for the military managing to raise a force of nearly 10,000. This force is largely funded through the large trade Cyprus has gathered. The troops are styled after Castile's royal army and Cyprus embarks on an intense training program in order to bring them up to standards. The Knights, with many departing, also have many older and other knights stay due to their close ties with Cyprus. They remain to run the Knights Hospitaller in Cyprus for the foreseeable future while a large number have migrated across the sea. The Kingdom of Cyprus due to the recent issues in Castile reluctantly recognizes Carlos and his Regency for Prince Ferdinand. Cyprus itself with its fleet of nearly 100 ships begins to take after the Venetian example with trade and begins to put Cypriot merchant ships into state possession for trade in order to help with the kingdom's finances and heavy trade. This show immediate results as a relative increase in funding and attention to trade between Castile and her allies begins to improve the quality of trade. The Assassins Guild sets up in Cyprus looking to prevent issues in the kingdom with corruption and serving as their base into Muslim countries. The King of Cyprus on his deathbed declares that a vote by the nobles on whether to join Castile will be held and a public forum will be held on what the people think of this.
 * Kingdom of Morocco: The country begins the construction of various canals and cultivates trees farther inland to help increase arable farmland. The Moroccan economy continue to expand with greater trade coming from Castile and the Canaries all the way down to Capo Verde increasing the relative wealth. The Kingdom with many canals having been completed has vastly expanded its farmland among other things. Morocco's total population reaches one million with Christianity becoming dominant in the area. Calne-Vicuna is finished and is opened as an center for Christianity in North Africa with a library said to rival old Alexandria's. The Moroccan Assassins Guild forms and spreads keeping the peace and killing the corrupt as well as making Morocco much more peaceful for Castilian Rule. The Kingdom of Morocco officially enters into a personal union with Castile following the magistrates and princes deeming it unneccesary for the King to not have full control in the country. The Magistrates, however, are fully re-instated to continue as they were just under direction of the monarch of Castile.
 * Kongo: The Kingdom begins to work toward a trade and production economy focusing on helping provide resources for Castile's burgeoning West African trade network. The King of the Kongo converting to Christianity and being baptised begins to call for the expansion of ports to the best of the Kongolese architects' abilities. With the King also adopts the name John, in favor of the king who began these exploratory operations down the coast of Africa. The King also organized a band of Christian soldiers who help keep the peace who also begin to help with conversions to Christianity as a series of missionaries and high level priests from the Western Church have come on a ship hearing of many pagans and heretics to convert. The King makes multiple successful campaigns against various of the petty kings in Kongo killing two of them and leaving the third on the run. The Christianization of multiple areas is completed and multiple others are begun. The Kingdom of the Kongo in an attempt to increase economic output and trade begins to export a moderate amount of raw materials to Castile and begins to push toward heavy exploitation methods if possible.
 * Mapuche: With the defeat by the Spanish a royal governor is appointed by the Castilians. The governor immediately goes to work to prevent his workforce from being killed by disease and to prevent revolts and by immediately marching groups of about 1000 people to the colonial capital. These people are immediately transferred onto available ships and throughout the year are sent up the coast via Spanish ships to a location unknown to the Mapuche. The Mapuche also continue to see major issues from European contact are given orders to isolate themselves if they are sick to prevent further expansion of the disease. The governor also manages to gain a force of about 200 as a garrison. The Mapuche people begin to see the first mixed children between Spanish and Mapuche people. The Spanish institute the Ecomienda system. However, the Spanish governor, in order to keep control of the people, orders the Spanish heads of the system to treat the natives fairly in order to prevent mass deaths from overworking and resentment. Spanish farming techniques have definitely prevented starvation as the Mapuche continue to expand towards the coast building a road to connect it all. The Spanish governor, also using the local Mapuche as scouts, is able to expand much more than the Buenos Aires colony and uses this to his advantage to secure more land to be able to turn over to Spanish settlers. The Royal Governor expands by 1000 sq km down the coast using captured prisoner natives as labor for this.
 * Dai Viet: This turn is officially dedicated to economic expansion. The nation of Dai Viet begins expanding its military to protect the nation against any foreign attack. The government begins an active role in equipping some units, using its funds to ensure that the entirety of the militia is equipped with pikes and swords. Crossbows also begin to be used in select units, who are trained to be most effective during cavalry charges and to provide support for our infantry. Government forces are called and put to the test securing our southern border, garrisoning in recently acquired territory. Alongside expanding ground forces, the government also sees to need to expand naval forces, a process that began several decades ago. Small ships capable of longer journeys are constructed in major port cities, and cities in the south along the coast are expanded to facilitate naval activity on par with our northern cities. Trade ships are attracted to our major ports from nearby nations. Facilities are upgraded to better facilitate trade. With several dozen small trade ships and warships under the command of the government vassals, and several ships under its personal command, the government orders a series of operations in the east waters of the nation, hoping to root out pirates and protect trade routes. As a test of our navy, our largest warships, equipped with cannons and other weapons, make several expeditions around the Biển Đông (South China Sea). Several more trade posts are established in the Philippines. We also make several expeditions to the Riau Islands, where we come into contact with the Orang laut people. Settlements on the Riau Islands grow, and the remaining islands in the north are annexed.
 * Eire (Member Nation of the UKGA): Eoghan O'Briain, intrigued by tales of a western land, goes on another voyage in a fleet of six ships sponsored by the King Tomas II, who has attained the title recently gained the title "the Enterprising" for his sponsorship of merchant-class enterprises and especially voyages of exploration. O'Briain is granted a charter by the Eiric Exploration company and gathers a group of traders, adventurers, farmers, and fortune seekers and establishes the colony Nuaphail at OTL Dalhousie (Newpale in English, after the barrier that surrounds the main town which reminds the Irish of the old barrier dividing English Ireland and Irish Ireland, only ironically, the Irish are the ones inside the Pale this time), with the main city being known as Nua Luimneach (New Limerick), as the area it is settled on is akin to the Eiric city of Limerick. Meanwhile, the military is built up, after the Scandinavian War, and bitterness rises against Hamburg and the HRE. The pidgin language that has been spoken in the port cities of Eire that is related to Brythenglish becomes an official language of Eire, with it being entitled "Albionic". Our explorers discover much of the land between OTL Cape Cod and Labrador, and claim it for the UKGA and all aligned native tribes. A map is drafted of these regions. Galway becomes the main center for Western trade and colonization.
 * Nuaphail: After the first year of the colony, the first major wave of settlers begins to arrive at the fledgling town of Nua Luimneach/Limerick. Composed of a diverse group of indentured servants, fortune-seekers, soldiers, missionaries, and free settlers, the vast majority are from Eire, specifically the port cities of Limerick, Tralee, and Galway, but a smattering are from other parts of Eire and even the kingdoms of Great Albion. We also begin to send single women, who are rewarded for their passage to the colony in money and other goods. Friendly relations are established with the Natigosteg L'nu, and other surrounding Mi'kmaq tribes though there are some raids, and we come to the L'nu with various trinkets and a picture of King Tomas II and one of the Eiric countryside. Due to the bounty of the surrounding area in natural resources, there is more than enough food, especially with the help of the L'nu, and the first batches of cod and lumber are exported. Missionaries of the Western Church are sent to all surrounding tribes, and we sail up the OTL St Lawrence as far as OTL Quebec City, with missionaries spreading the Faith and trinkets to native people in exchange for food and loyalties. We expand 1000 pixels along both the north and south shores of Chaleur Bay.
 * Rumania: Stephen, now 35, continues to work on improving the economy; Iron, salt and coal mines dot the landscape. Coal is produced for metalworking and heating. These mines provide the resources required by the foundries and traders on the coast. The growing mines require more processing facilities, which spur more development along the coast. More large shipyards open and the lumber industry continues to expand. The first Leverlock shop is supplemented by a much larger second, and hundreds are built and exported across the eastern Mediterranean. The Danube becomes a highway of commerce, hundreds of barges travel up and down its length transporting people, materials, goods, and ideas. As much as 9% of the nation has reached basic literacy, and the Moralists promote education of commoners by priests, in order to give everyone the opportunity to read the bible. Education among the elite is becoming almost mandatory. Constantius, now 11 and his brother Radu, now 10, begin their education in matters of state and policy. A Non-Agression Pact, for a length of 50 years, is offered to Muscovy.
 * The Consulate of Bulgaria: The economy continues to grow. The printing press spreads south into Bulgaria just as in Rumania. Ties with Rumania are strengthened; hundreds of Romanians move into the country, seeking cheap and productive land, and inter-marriage becomes very common. Bulgarians also begin to migrating to trade towns in Romania to seek more economic opportunities. Bulgarian populations in Rumania now represent a large minority, and the same can be said about Romanians in Bulgaria. Ethnic tensions are uncommon in both nations as multi-ethnic communities existed before the large migrations.
 * Oyo Empire: Oyo continues the expansion of the navy, with an additional twelve eranko ships produced at the dockyards throughout the nation. Elsewhere, Oyo continues to develop its military, economy, and infrastructure, and expanding its trade routes in the east with the Safavids and the city of Kochi.  holds its census, revealing a population of 10,455,253 inhabitants. Production of cannon and guns continues, with at least half of the army equipped with guns in addition to their regular weaponry. With that part of the military equipped, Oyo begins its military parade, showcasing European-style weapons, tactics, and armor. A fleet of the navy fires off its guns in a salute to the Asaaju in attendance, and a major celebration is held in honor of Alaafin Oranyan, who's efforts propelled Oyo into the position of wealth and glory it has reached today.
 * Expansion is way too fast. That's over one million people in something like five years? No nation in West Africa - or even the world - with your populaton can manage that. Your average plausible growth is about 3%. You also did not really account for a loss of 10% of population from the disease some time back. -Feud
 * Chahokian Civilization:. A good harvest pleases the people of Chahokian and its vassals. Moundville becomes more pro Chahokian and those wanting complete independence begin to become less common.
 * Moundville: Builds up its economy. Population growth is seen.
 * Etowah Civilization: Builds up economy. Population grows.
 * Parkin Civilization: Economy grows. Population increase.
 * In the Tartary, the population grows. The French delegation is received. The news of a New World and the proof of the Aureannic existence through its delegation intrigue Alexander Khan, and he begins to wonder whether these lands can be reached by land through the East. He requests some Aureannics stay behind in the Tartary to be studied in Court, and for the French to bring more of them to begin a small colony of them in the area. The economy continues to grow, with cities growing and the population doing so as well. Traders and production in the region begin booming. Minerals are discovered around the Urals, to the east of the nation. The nation begins expanding eastward into the Yamal, especially around the northern Urals, brought forth by prospecting for minerals, by 5000 sq km. The military is developed. Khiva continues to be influenced at a great importance. Relations are improved with Hungary and Rome.
 * ​Adyghea: Begins to grow more closely aligned with the Tartary itself. The population grows, accomodating Alans and Tatars leaving Crimea. The economy also does, as do the vantage positions on the Caucasus. A mild Chechen revolt erupts to the east of the nation.
 * Great Perm: Also begins to grow more dependent on the Tartary. The ruble continues spreading throughout North Asia, now becoming the primary method of trade in the Tartary, Adyghea, Kazakhstan, and to a lesser degree the Central Asian states. The military also grows, with modernisation occurring.
 * Kazakhstan: Continues to modernise. Centralisation continues to occur, with ulus and warlords being defeated quickly by the Manghud governors in the name of the Tartary. The economy grows because of increased centralisation, as cotton and apples begin to be produced rapidly in the region.
 * Azov: Continues construction of Özu-Cale. The main fort, now named Iskander-Hisar (or Alexander-Kremlin) continues construction. The port begins to grow with the town now having around 300 inhabitants and the first few shipfuls of grain leaving down the Dneiper, easier for transportation. Other cities continue to grow.
 * Netherlands: The Dutch trade network continues to grow, and as such so do the activities of the Royal Navy and the newly created Company navy to protect Dutch interests abroad. Batavia continues to grow in importance within the Dutch trade network in Asia and it slowly becomes a stronghold of the Dutch. More native troops are raised largely from the Chinese minority the city holds. Influence over Sunda, and nearby Southern Sumatra grow, while trading farther east also grows. The East India Company grows angry with the attempts of Oyo to break into Dutch trade in the region and at their request, Maurice begins talks with Albion and Spain on how to deal with the African Empire. The island of new Friesland is fortified while a fotress is commissioned to be built in Louisville. Naval and Military expansion continue. The Royal Army is expanded to include a greater number of troops. More of the Roman muskets are produced and the first unit outfitted with them is one of the Royal Guard. The arts and sciences continue to flourish with unlimited funds for their development and the new architectural style continues to grow. The bourgeoisie society and culture continue to solidify and develop as their power within the economy and political system of the Netherlands isd confirmed at this point. Exploring and economic endevours in the New World continue, with many of the Dutch realizing that the New World has plenty of opportunities to develop lucrative businesses there. The idea of attempting to establish a settlement begins to circulate amongst the economic and political elite. (I'm not going to create a permanent settlement but I'm going to be attempting exploration farther inland for now and a series of temporary outposts all of which until 1522 when my first permanent settlement will be established). The Wallon continue to grow into an important part of the Netherlands as they represent a major part of the country's national production, and their French culture remains very important within the academic and ruling circles of the nation. The Universities of Brussels and Amsterdam continue to grow in importance and prominance in Western Europe. Karl van Nassau-Orleans continues to follow Mirza around and learn more about the east. Meanwhile, William Prince of Holland proves a very capable military mind and his tutors look on him with great interest.
 * Kingdom of Tibet: Emperor Sitzu Drakpa announces a plan to recruit more people for his army, as loyalists recruit go more men. The Loyalists come back with 1200 men recruited, 500 archers and 800 Cavalry. The Loyalists also convince Emperor Sitzu to annex the states of Chutiya, Taungoo and the Shan States. (They were Tibet's vassals for over 50 years, so I'm annexing them). The Loyalists get permission to travel to Lanna, as they will have a plan to vassalize it (Turn One of Three). A festival representing the Buddha is held in honor of his success and travels.
 * Hungary and all its vassals and puppets and states in personal union work on expanding their armed forces. There is an increase in trading between them all, along with increased trading with Moscovy and thus allows economic growth. Road construction also continues as for greater trade, better infrastructure is needed. Hungary also focuses highly on building better naval ships and upgrading old ships as well as putting many obsolete ships into retirement. Hungary demobilised many men after training them in a bid to make sure everything remains stable along with provide the men to work the field and harvest the grain once it has grown. This allows harvest levels to reach new highs as better practices have lead to increased yields. With Rome now allowing Hungary to use its ports at various locations, the large fleet can finally be brought into harbour at various points along the coast.
 * Shahdom of Verkana: Shah Farbod Bavandid explores Constantinople while waiting for a response to his offer. He sees many strange and different things he sees while looking around the city. Meanwhile in Verkana, Regent Sepehr finishes the building of M'Ebed Atash and the translation of the Zoroastrian holy scripts. M'Ebed Atash becomes an important place of worship for the Zoroastrian populace within the nation. Fortification of the southern border continues, with some larger forts being built. The Regent continues to import more modern weaponry, and he continues to equip the military with the better weaponry.
 * Zapoteca: With the number of immune people in the population growing, disease begins to dwindle in the Empire. The Spanish aid is greatly appreciated. The Emperor continues financing Spanish settlers to come to the kingdom and marry into the population. Trade increases and continues with the Spanish. Tlaco II expands roadways connecting cities in the alliance to help merchants and soldiers move more freely between them. The military, which had been outdated for many years, continues to be upgraded. The economy booms with trade as a result of the roads. In the coastal regions under Danibaan's influence, more boats are created. Tlaco II orders more to be manufactured to bring in goods from the sea. Itzapam is finally convinced to join the Zapotec-Spanish sphere, and is made a vassal.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire goes into one of the most difficult years of its existence since the defeat of the Ottomans. The earthquake kills many, and many homes and other buildings in the capital are ruined. Thankfully, most of the important buildings like the Imperial Palace, the Haiga Sophia, and the harbor are relatively unharmed. The royal family tours the ruined city, and Thomas I does so often to inspire hope in his people. This ultimately proves to be his downfall, as one day, as the Emperor is touring the city as usual, a disgruntled Venetian steps out of the shadows and manages to stab the Emperor a few times before being cut down by the Paramonoi. The Emperor is rushed to back to the Imperial Palace, but little can be done and he eventually dies. This creates a major problem for the Empire, as the former Emperor's sons are not yet old enough to rule and there is no close relation able to take the throne. A week goes by, and the nation is on the brink of chaos, yet the nobles eventually come to a solution and the Empress Consort Elsa takes the throne to maintain a regency until one of her sons comes of age. This resolves most of the problems, and most nobles are content with this solution. Elsa gains the trust of the Roman people by continuing to speed up the reconstruction of the capital, and by two months people begin to get their houses back. Trade expands to help counter the costs of the tragedy, and trade routes expand farther into the North Sea, North Africa, and some brave merchants begin pioneering to try to reach the New World, with some small success.
 * Albania: The nation continues to enhance its military, and aid is sent to the Romans to help deal with the issues of the earthquake.
 * Epirus: The government continues to implement the plans for annexation into the Roman Empire. Funds that were directed towards rebuilding the last of the Venetian fortifications are diverted to help restore the Roman capital.
 * Naxos: The Duke is able to breath a sigh of relief, as he believes that the rise of power of Elsa, a fellow Western European, will allow him to remain on his throne. To further gain her support, he sends aid and stone to help rebuild the capital, an act that does improve his standing in the Imperial Court.
 * Ragusa: Trade continues to expand thanks to Ragusa's ideal position and valuable resources. Books continue to be printed to educate the population. Aid is sent to help repair the Roman capital.
 * Lombardy: Work continues on the Certosa di Pavia, the Castle Visconteo, and on the extensive Milan Cathedral. We continue training a proper standing army, utilizing Swiss mercenaries and local recruits. With border disputes now settled between the nations of Austria and Switzerland, we continue opening friendly relations with both nations in hopes of repairing our diplomatic relations and protecting our northern border. We continue constructing cogs and galleys to strengthen our navy and protect our interests on the seas. Our turn is dedicated to military in both our nation and our vassals. Wallis is declared a vassal of our nation, and we continue influencing them.
 * Novgorod: We continue the production of ships, cannons, muskets, advanced crossbows, swords, and composite bows, increasing our military capabilities in case of war. The nation’s training and advancement of military continues. The recent classes of Koch ships are being manufactured in Novgorod. The town of St Patriksburg’s population grows a bit more that last year. As the construction of the town improves, the Kremlin finishes, trade becoming more in demand, the town gains slightly. Because of the trade road built with Tver our economy increases. After seeing a great success with the private schools in the cities of Novgorod, St Patriksburg, Staraya Russa, and Nizhny Novgorod. We start building another private school in Rostov and Yaroslavl. We complete building private schools in Torzhok and a private school in Staraya Ladoga. We dedicate this turn to military. As fur traders and hunters begin to move into Karelia, the border is expanded 3000 square miles directly to the north. We are pleased that peaceful terms have been met between us and Scandinavia, and we hope to improve relations in the future.
 * Tver: We complete the construction of the private school in Tver and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Yaroslavl, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Yaroslavl: We complete the construction of the private school in Yaroslavl and we start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Rostov: We completed the construction of the private school in Rostov and start the new one. We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Yaroslavl, Muscovy. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Karelia: We expand our economy because of the trade established between Tver, Rostov, Muscovy and Novgorod. We dedicate this turn to military.
 * Burjid Sultanate: 'After a year of negoation between the Sultan and Hadi they have finally agreed that the Sultan shall continue to be in political power while Hadi shall be the religious leader of the Sultanate. The reason for this agreement was because both supported the notion of the nation uniting in Islam and thought it was better for one to lead the state while the other to lead the religion. With the civil war over there is a massive celebration nationwide, especially in the capital where the citizens are uniting under Islam. Because of the roles the mosques had in protecting the citizens during the civil war and in making peace the public continue to support the Mosque Model and thus mosque contruction resumes as well as infrastructure buildup in order to repair the damage done in the war. A campaign to recentralize also begins.
 * Tawatinsuyu: Military improves.. The size of the army hits 28,000. Cuzco, Machu Picchu, and Chan Chan are developed further, populations of these cities hits 266,000, 145,000, and 167,000 respectively. Population across the empire hits 1,900,000. Reformation of the farming system continues as crops produce better yields. Research into medicine and the sciences continues, with advancements being made allowing for greater care of the sick and injured. Rebuilding and building continues across the empire. Culture merging continues. The empire is now divided into four districts, Cuzco-suyu (the area formerly known as the Kingdom of Cuzco) Aymara-suyu (the territories conquered in the two Cuzcan-Aymaran wars) Nazca-Suyu (area perviously known as the Ica-Nazca) and Chimu-suyu (the Ica-Nazca's northern vassals). Each of these districts acts similar to a state, with regional rulers being appointed by the Sapa-Inca. The process of culture blending begins to show effects, as Cuzcans live across the emipire now, taking there culture with them. While Cuzcans are the largest ethnic group (~48%) they still do not make up 50% of the empire. The other ethnic groups are:Nazca (~12%), Chimu (~13%), Wankan (~5%) Aymara (~4%) and Other (2%). As the culuture blending continues, the rise of a new culture group begins. Known as Inca, this culture group makes up about 17% of the empire's population. This culture group is found mainly in the three "golden" cities. Inca is growing faster than Cuzcan and will over take Cuzcan (if an outside source doesn't get involved) in 27 years time. The enslavement of the Aymara people begins once again, though the ethnic purging is left out of the old formula. Contact with the Spanish people have the Inca people excited, until the first sick begin to emerge.
 * Pskov does the economy, helps with money, mercahnts fleeing the Scandinavian prohibition of Novgorodians goiung to Oresund manage to swell the population and GDP, and come to a standstill, more zolotniks produced, money, money money, first year that has a decent economic gain, experimentation with arts and culture and University prospers, new weaponsmithing shops and gunsmiths open and try and compete with each other.
 * Bengal Sultanate: The decrease in taxes on the landed elite does its job in most areas of the Sultanate, decreasing the tax load on the peasantry and earning him their support. The tax cuts on the merchant class allow for more trade to be conducted, and a recent lax on some of the quota laws allows for more goods to be shipped from Bengal, greatly increasing trade income. Cash crops continue to be grown in large amounts. With our merchants traveling to Ava, Kamarumpa and Arakan regularly, Islam continues to grow in their areas. Most all trade roads continue to see much-needed maintenance. Due to Bengal having control over lands of multiple ethnicities and religions, literary works in the form of poems continue to take influence from all three religions of the Sultanate. Urdu, also called Hindi by some, becomes more common in the Sultanate due to the mixing of Hindu and Islamic ideals. We continue to help finance the Plutocratic State of Jaunpur, Delhi Sultanate and Bahamani Sultanate by sending gifts directly to the nobles/sultans, offering loans from powerful trade bankers, and decreasing the trade taxes over all of Bengal, allowing more of our merchant goods to travel into those states. We also raise a portion of the Sultan's personal levy and then divide it to be sent out to the states' leaders, so that they can do with them what they wish in order to maintain order in their nation. The construction of schools and universities several years ago has led to an increase in scholars and literacy in our nation. Due to the removal of trade barriers among a majority of states in the Indian League, their merchants and ours begin to travel with increased mobility and goods, thereby increasing the trade income and output in the agreeing nations. Several Bengali merchants continue to sponsor gem mines in the Mogok area of Ava, due to the high concentration of gems such as rubies, sapphires, garnets and moonstones, and the first of many mines begin to return with more sucesses. Construction of ships based upon Castilian designs, granted to us by them, continues, in order to further our efforts to explore and trade. New crops begin to enter into several plantations. (These weren't newly introduced to Bengal, they are just newly introduced to the plantations), Opium and Cannabis. The Sultan, and his wife, the Princess of Vijaynagar, have two children, one boy, and one girl. The boy is named Illyas-Samabēta-karā  and the daughter is named Paṭabhūmi-Shah. The increasing need for an anthesthetic due to many more surgeries in Bengal, simply due to an increasing population, leads Opium cultivation to become very lucrative and results in many plantations including in their crops. Cannabis becomes more popular, not simply due to its cultural history in Muslim societies, but also because of its popular use in several poetic works. Due to the Mughal Emperor's betrayal of his word to not control India, despite being the ruler of Marwar, we begin to rally the Indian League for war upon the Mughal Emperor for betraying his word to not control India, for making a mockery of the forgiveness of the Bengali Sultan and all of those that forgave the Mughals, and breaking League law by infringing upon the sovereignity of Jaisalmar.
 * ​Emirate of Andamana: Illyas-Sasaska continues to reclaim land on the island to make room for farms, and to have timber for building both boats and houses. The Emirate expands another 500 km onto the island. The ships built by the timber from the island help contribute to Bengali trade. Continues working on economy and infrastructure.
 * Rajya of Orissa: Kapilendra Deva continues to listen to his advisers and bring about several reforms to his nation that make it more Islamic friendly, one of which is new, and calls for the creation of one mosque for each Hindu temple in the name of tolerance, when in reality, his advisers have prescribed this to bring about larger Islamic influence. The new University of Bhubanēśbara (Bhubaneswar) finishes construction and now houses several classes ranging from literature to economics.
 * Swargadeo of Kamarupa: Now vassalized by Bengal, the Swargadeo of Ahom continues to receive extensive help in creating viable farmland. They do this by continuing a process of land reclamation in the northern part of the state, which is largely marshy and thinly populated. This process of reclamation begins by using dikes, embankments and irrigation systems. The land reclamation, having been going on for decades, is extremely successful in creating viable farmland for rice, grain and other staple crops, increasing Kamarupa's population and their yearly trade output.
 * Swargadeo of Kamarupa: Now vassalized by Bengal, the Swargadeo of Ahom continues to receive extensive help in creating viable farmland. They do this by continuing a process of land reclamation in the northern part of the state, which is largely marshy and thinly populated. This process of reclamation begins by using dikes, embankments and irrigation systems. The land reclamation, having been going on for decades, is extremely successful in creating viable farmland for rice, grain and other staple crops, increasing Kamarupa's population and their yearly trade output.

1511
In Rome, Pope Celestine IX dies, and in the subsequent conclave, the Hungarian Tamás Bakócz is elected Pope, taking the papal name of Nicholas V.

'''Although taken by surprise by the sudden invasion of foreign forces, the nation of Great Zimbabwe begins a guerrilla campaign to resist the invaders. As more of their main army arrives from the north of their territory and border regions, their scores increase slightly (Scores undoubled: Military: 10, Economy: 6, Infrastructure: 2).'''

'''Several recently conquered or vassalized states on the African coast subject to the nation of Madasikara rise up in revolt upon realizing that foreign dominance has only led to the destruction of their own culture. '''

'''Henry I, duke of Swabia dies at the age of 76. He is succeeded by his son, who is crowned Eberhard I. '''
 * Portugal: Continues a notable buildup in military strength and allows for a vigorous training program on the existing military forces attempting to train them up heavily. Meanwhile, the administration continues to be reformed, and agriculture and commerce are encouraged. Meanwhile, Portugal continues to develop its navy. Meanwhile, Portuguese traders continue visiting the Castilian settlements in the Canaries. Meanwhile, wheat continues to be cultivated in Leiname. By this time, the colony in Leiname starts to export wheat to Portugal. Meanwhile, some Portuguese explorers continue to explore the African coast. The Açores continue to be settled. Meanwhile, the new ships that been developed, called naus, and that are similar to the Castilian carracks, begin to be used. Naval explorations directed to the west continue, after news that new lands may have been found there. Meanwhile, Santa Cruz expands north by 1800 sq km. Meanwhile, pau-brasil (brazilwood) starts to be extracted in the colony. Meanwhile, the colony of São Sebastião expands 200 sq km.
 * Prussia: The Prussians begin to develop their military. The Prussians continue to build their new navy.
 * Courland: The Curonians also continue developing their military.
 * Estland: Ossel-Wiek also continues developing their military. Duke Franz continues to reshape the face of Arensburg.
 * Hesse: With the colonies and outposts taken, there is no where left to run from the invaders. The Hessian fort system on the eastern front holds the Bavarians back temporarily. The fort system in south-west Frankfurt is largely bypassed by the Austrian forces and they take Frankfurt. Köln forces are blocked by the western forts, although their battering through the multiple rebellions and their low upkeep has caused the Köln troops to force themselves into Berg, taking it. The Bremen ports are blocked by Oldenburger fleets, preventing escape. Princess-Regent Eva calls on all her remaining allies, Scandinavia, Albion, France, and Spain, to all come and help fend off the invaders. She says for the people of Hesse to unite, and resist all invaders.
 * Vorlayacor: Guns continue to be distributed among the soldiers of the War Band; a few begin to leak into the hands of common citizens.  The diplomats, all intelligent and esteemed Mapuche, write their chronicles and newfound knowledge into scrolls and begin to distribute them among the populace, greatly aiding those citizens who had already begun to explore mathematics, science, and medicine.  The fishing industry continues to grow, and more citizens learn about the world and its politics.  As more villages are founded, we expand our northern and western borders by three(or some tiny amount that the mods deem appropriate) north and west.
 * The Kingdoms of Great Albion (Scotland and England) - member nation of the UKGA: Many ships are modernized and replaced to keep the Royal Albion Navy a powerful forces on the high seas. Port Edmundburg continues to experience a growth in population. Albionic settlers continue to explore the surrounding areas. The dialect of English originally found in Scotland and the Eire grows so large that it covers most of the North of England. This new dialect is called Bythigish (portmanteau of Brython and English). English nobles begin to enjoy the Celtic myths of Eire and Scotland. The Templar Order continues to undercut the King's enemies and seeks ways to privately grow the power of the King and Albion as a whole. The Order buys up many smaller businesses and collectivizes some farms. The Order begins to expand into other areas of Europe, seeking to grow understanding as well as pushing Albionic ideals. Albion continues to explore farther west and south. A clockmaker from Cambridge becomes popular for his accurate timepieces and the exquisite wood housing. He creates a chime for the St Mary's Cathedral, the chimes are called the Cambridge Chimes (OTL Westminster Quarters aka Big Ben's chime). The Chimes become so popular, other clock-makers incorporate the chimes into their clocks. The Crown Dominion of Hamburg does well this year, as an influx of trade begins to repair the wounds of several wars. The English Renaissance is born when several painters in London show off some impressive works. Trade with the Mughal Empire begins to boom. ◾King Sigismund of Hungary, in light of bettering relations between the two allies, enquires about being able to lease the former Venetian port in Dublin. In exchange, 200 ships (100 caravels, 50 galleys, 50 cogs) will be sold to Albion. Hungary hopes this deal will be favourable for both nations.
 * Calais: Military and navy are expanded.
 * Dublin: Dublin undergoes another remodel and expansion to the ports due to the massive influx of trade from Castile and Venice as well as an increased Eire trade.
 * Scotland: Expands navy and military. Pan Albion sentiments grow, Trade increases. Whiskey is traded down to central Albion.
 * Wales: Wales expands its military and navy. Cardiff becomes a large centre of trade for Wales. The Welsh appoint Adam Cyrdger as Royal Minister. The first sessions of parliament are held. Wales does not see as large a population boom as Albion or Scotland, but a minor one, centered around Cardiff and Swansea, does occur.
 * Port Edmundburg expands by 1000 sq km east. The African colonists begin looking toward mining and other ventures to generate profit.
 * New Cambridgeshire: New Cambridgeshire expands by 1000 sq km west. Colonists begin to explore around the region and begin to have a large fishing boom. The Port of New Rotham is expanded to handle excess ships from Albion and other European nations and is renamed by popular vote as New Oxford. The people of New Oxford also begin an attempt to gain knowledge of farming in Borealia from Native Peoples.
 * Roman Empire: The Empire continues to recover by the earthquake, but by this time most of the damage has been recovered and most people have their homes back. Trade and normal city life resumes as per usual. To help finish the funding for the repairs, trade expands to new locations like the New World, North Africa, and the North Sea. Queen-Regent Elsa's efforts at handling the damages of the natural disaster have earned her the trust and tacit respect of the Roman people.
 * Albania: The armed cavalry begin to consider replacing the matchlock weapons used with the new leverlocks invented by the Romans. The cavalry begins to do so since they fire faster and are more efficient.
 * Epirus: The Epirote government begins the initial steps needed to integrate the country into the Roman Empire. Thanks to the Roman capital being reconstructed, this year's funds are used to finish rebuilding the fotifications in the country.
 * Naxos: The country continues to export goods such as marble, stone, olives, oil, and fish to other countries. The support of the Duke in aiding the reconstruction of Constantinople is appreciated by the Queen-Regent, and the Duke believes he is finally safe from the effects of the impending annexation.
 * Ragusa: Books in Dalmatian, Latin, and Italian continue to be printed and sold to various buyers. The small state continues to export goods such as timber, wax, and silver, enhancing its profits. Trade begins to follow the Roman network, and soon Ragusan ships are seen in western Europe as well as the Black Sea.
 * Castile: The Colony of Buenos Aires expands by (15 px) up the coast and establishes a captaincy farther south (5 px). The Castilian populace reaches about 10.1 million and growing. The Kingdom itself begins to expand its armed forces to nearly 80,000 and sends more military ships to Monaco to protect it from any aggression. The Castilian forces begin training exercizes. The Navy also begins to make serious advances in technology and armed attack formations along with its pushes out into the wide seas. The Colony of Buenos Aires reaches a population of about 12,000 and growing with the more families and women showing up. Castilian exploration ships begin exploring south to check out farther down the coast and look for the southern edge of the continent. Charles of Castile who had gone to the New World becomes governor of the Buenos Aires Colony. With the revolt in Seville Queen Alexis sends in the most experienced troops from both Castile and Aragon to keep control. However she also announces that while Charles may be her Husband he is not the leading monarch of Castile and Aragon, and that she will continue to rule with dignity and respect as she was before. Along with this the Queen dictates to her husband that they will rule their own personal realms separately and that Austria will have no true power over Castile, Aragon or any of their possessions due to the pride and high national spirits of their accomplishments. Along with this the Queens also dictates to her husband that in the event of her death that one of their sons will accend to the throne of Castile and not Charles and the brother will accend to the throne of Austria. Alexis writes up a treaty dictating the terms to her husband and request it be signed publicly in Seville to solidify her stern stance on any true outside influences on Spain and prove to the people of Seville that Austria will not come to dominate or take over Castile and Aragon now collectively being known as Spain. A Ceremony is held for passed King Ferdinand, and his Leading heir bearing the same name honoring their lives once again. This is named a national holiday. Phillip is put into the Spanish Royal education system. Rodrigo torez dies of old age in the Incan port city and begins demonstrations of his weaponry and technology in the Incan city. Spain supports Bengals actions with the Indian league against the Mughals in order to maintain favor and the East Indian company hires 15,000 mercenaries to aid the Indian Leagues War.
 * Kingdom of Aragon: With Castilian assistance various infrastructural areas are rebuilt and the military is expanded to a token force of 10,000. Along with this support the Aragonian economy recovers slowly with a slow but controlled influx of Castilian economic aid helping Aragon recover. The ruling magistrate over Aragon signs a landmark trade deal with Castile which allows for Aragon's usage of Castile's large amounts of trade posts down the coast of Africa. The Aragonians now in control of the Spanish South African trading company fund the creation of the expansion of the Trade outpost into a formal colony to be settled much like Morocco and Granada were by Castile. The Colony of Cape Ferdinand expands 10 px up the coast and expands the captaincy down the coast now covering the mouth of the Orange River on the coast (5 px). It's mostly populated by Castilians who are the main people moving to the colonies. Aragon's population continues to be culturally integrated with the next generation speaking primarily Spanish with Catalan being phased out by the newer generation. Aragon recognizes Alexis of Castile as their Queen.
 * Kingdom of Cyprus: Cyprus gaining large funds from being a Castilian trade hub, begins building a few ships domestically, and purchases ships from Castile, or her allies shipwrights forming a respectable Cypriot navy of almost 90 ships with expected expansion to come. This expansion has been achieved specifically thanks to huge amounts of outsourcing to private shipwrights. Cyprus begins to see an exodus of the Knights Hospitaller west to Castile and her territories and King Matthias begins a larger recruitment for the military managing to raise a force of nearly 10,000. This force is largely funded through the large trade Cyprus has gathered. The troops are styled after Castile's royal army and Cyprus embarks on an intense training program in order to bring them up to standards. The Knights, with many departing, also have many older and other knights stay due to their close ties with Cyprus. They remain to run the Knights Hospitaller in Cyprus for the foreseeable future while a large number have migrated across the sea. The Kingdom of Cyprus due to the recent issues in Castile reluctantly recognizes Carlos and his Regency for Prince Ferdinand. Cyprus itself with its fleet of nearly 100 ships begins to take after the Venetian example with trade and begins to put Cypriot merchant ships into state possession for trade in order to help with the kingdom's finances and heavy trade. This show immediate results as a relative increase in funding and attention to trade between Castile and her allies begins to improve the quality of trade. The Assassins Guild sets up in Cyprus looking to prevent issues in the kingdom with corruption and serving as their base into Muslim countries. The King of Cyprus on his deathbed declares that a vote by the nobles on whether to join Castile will be held and a public forum will be held on what the people think of this.
 * Kingdom of Morocco: The country begins the construction of various canals and cultivates trees farther inland to help increase arable farmland. The Moroccan economy continue to expand with greater trade coming from Castile and the Canaries all the way down to Capo Verde increasing the relative wealth. The Kingdom with many canals having been completed has vastly expanded its farmland among other things. Morocco's total population reaches one million with Christianity becoming dominant in the area. Calne-Vicuna is finished and is opened as an center for Christianity in North Africa with a library said to rival old Alexandria's. The Moroccan Assassins Guild forms and spreads keeping the peace and killing the corrupt as well as making Morocco much more peaceful for Castilian Rule. The Kingdom of Morocco officially enters into a personal union with Castile following the magistrates and princes deeming it unneccesary for the King to not have full control in the country. The Magistrates, however, are fully re-instated to continue as they were just under direction of the monarch of Castile.
 * Kongo: The Kingdom begins to work toward a trade and production economy focusing on helping provide resources for Castile's burgeoning West African trade network. The King of the Kongo converting to Christianity and being baptised begins to call for the expansion of ports to the best of the Kongolese architects' abilities. With the King also adopts the name John, in favor of the king who began these exploratory operations down the coast of Africa. The King also organized a band of Christian soldiers who help keep the peace who also begin to help with conversions to Christianity as a series of missionaries and high level priests from the Western Church have come on a ship hearing of many pagans and heretics to convert. The King makes multiple successful campaigns against various of the petty kings in Kongo killing two of them and leaving the third on the run. The Christianization of multiple areas is completed and multiple others are begun. The Kingdom of the Kongo in an attempt to increase economic output and trade begins to export a moderate amount of raw materials to Castile and begins to push toward heavy exploitation methods if possible.
 * Mapuche: With the defeat by the Spanish a royal governor is appointed by the Castilians. The governor immediately goes to work to prevent his workforce from being killed by disease and to prevent revolts and by immediately marching groups of about 1000 people to the colonial capital. These people are immediately transferred onto available ships and throughout the year are sent up the coast via Spanish ships to a location unknown to the Mapuche. The Mapuche also continue to see major issues from European contact are given orders to isolate themselves if they are sick to prevent further expansion of the disease. The governor also manages to gain a force of about 200 as a garrison. The Mapuche people begin to see the first mixed children between Spanish and Mapuche people. The Spanish institute the Ecomienda system. However, the Spanish governor, in order to keep control of the people, orders the Spanish heads of the system to treat the natives fairly in order to prevent mass deaths from overworking and resentment. Spanish farming techniques have definitely prevented starvation as the Mapuche continue to expand towards the coast building a road to connect it all. The Spanish governor, also using the local Mapuche as scouts, is able to expand much more than the Buenos Aires colony and uses this to his advantage to secure more land to be able to turn over to Spanish settlers. The Royal Governor expands by 1000 sq km down the coast using captured prisoner natives as labor for this.
 * Grand Duchy of Hamburg: Events in Hesse are watched carefully, though it becomes clear Bavaria and company are gaining the upper hand. Count Heinrich, who fought alongside the Hessians in the Prussian war, does not wish to see the utter destruction of Hamburg's former ally. After consulting Duchess-Regent Adelheid, the warring nations are asked to come to Lauenburg, to negotiate a peace.
 * Duchy of Mecklenburg: Economy expanded.
 * Magdeburg: Economy expands.
 * Williamsburg: Expands 4 px.
 * Neue Lüneburg: Trade increases.
 * County of Oldenburg: The comital army continues fighting in the regions of Hesse bordering Oldenburg and Osnabruck. OHG ships have managed to take the Hessian outpost in Greenland. Count Christian VI agrees to his daughters request to negotiate. He urges other parties to do the same. 
 * Prince-Bishopric of Osnabruck: The episcopal army supports the Oldenburger in the war against Hessian expansionism.
 * Natigosteg L'nu: Naval and military expansion continues. More ships are constructed, bolstering trade in the region. The military continues to be retrained, with more pikemen and arquebusiers coming into use in maneuvers. Tea continues to be cultivated in Natigosteg and, increasingly, in Labrador, where new varieties grow quite well. As more land is taken for farmland, immigration north increases, resulting in an expansion of Ungava by 1000 km southeast. Yaldan, noticing the expansionistic sentiments of the St. Lawrence Iroquois, sends a proposal of a joint expedition against them to the Algonkian tribes along the river, who are threatened with conquest. (Mod response needed).
 * No. i said stop doing tribes that do not exist on the map. It's not okay. -Feud
 * Safavid Empire: We build up our military and navy. We continue to build walls and outposts around our capital city. The building of the biggest mosque in the nation is continuing now. Port cities are being rebuilt. More ships are being made for our navy. Our own version of guns are being made. Farming is becoming one of the most important industries, besides blacksmithy, trading and fishing. The building of the first college in the capital city is continuing. Guns are now mass produced in our country. We continue to make more woodblock printing presses for our libraries. Prototype cannons at three feet long are continuing to be made. A trade route from our home country to Oirat is mapped out. People are now trading with each other on this trade route. Foreign exchange banks are becoming popular in our country due to the ETA (Eurasian Trade Agreement). Trade has increased due to the ETA. A new art form is continuing to be drawn. It is a mix of Safavid, Oirat and Mughal art. Our art is continuing to be popular with all of the nation around us. We continue to vassel Khanate of Khiva by bringing in troops and Islamic leaders to influence them in our way. Trade goes well with the Dutch merchants. All slaves that come from the Oyo nation are contiued to be converted to Shiite Islam. Our leader's son Zadok's first son is born. His name is Rahman. At age 81 Junayd Shirazi dies. A ceremony is being done for him. Also a statue is being built of him.
 * Rajya of Marwar: The economy expands.During these events, Rao Raja Singh sends more architects from Marwar to the Mughal who would design Mandirs in the Mughal Empire and also for priests to spread Hinduism in the Mughal Empire. The nation also supports numerous marriages between members of the Rajput clans and Mughali noble families. With the sudden proclamation of war aid is asked from Tibet(eco turn)
 * Tibet: After a brief meeting with the king our ambassadors agree to send aid the the Mughals.
 * Rajya of Jaisalmer: The nation expands its economy and is introduced into the Marwari-Mughali trade system, preparations for war are made.
 * Mughal Empire: The economy of the nations is expanded and architects sent by Emperor-Khan Raja Singh ud-din Muhammad Bahadur issue the building of the already designed temples. The Mughali prosperity continues as the Eurasian trade agreement is set into motion. (eco turn). Muhammad Mirza continues writing his book, while discussing the eastern culture, religion and knowledge with the young Karl van Nassau-Orleans of the Netherlands. Lady Maria Namur gives birth to another young girl, whose name is Priya. Preparations for war are made
 * Southern Chagatai (PSFSCK): The economy is expanded. Preparations for war are made
 * The Great Liao Empire: Cement and iron increase in production. Iron weapons are now majorly used. As we increase in population, we slowly target our expansion northward. We continue to develop our firearms. We continue to study the printing press and make more of them. We begin building up our military and create even tougher practices. We expand our settlement at North Baikal Lake. We begin sending our soldiers next to the Baikal Jurchens. 20,000 soldiers are sent back from the Baikal Lake and we start recriting more soldiers to reach a 150,000 army. We continue building up on our border against the Baikal Jurchens. We create the eight inch cannon. We ramp up our military. We build more cannons (siege equipment). We also develop primitive hand grenades. With our great ally, the Mughal Empire at war, we declare war on the Indian Coalition. Our workshops begin working at full speed, supplying the armies of Liao, Safavid and Mughal. We begin sending 20,000 soldiers to the Mughal Empire.
 * Yakutsk: We expand by 200 sq km.
 * Liao D: We ask for trade relationships with European nations.
 * Liao D to China: We send some more taels of silver.
 * Liao D to Tartary and Safavid: We ask our dear allies to give us support for our future conquest of the Baikal Jurchens.
 * Bahmani: We begin to build up our military and expand our economy. We begin to expqnd our trade routes and expand our infrastructure as well as increase science and math education. We decide to protest the recent war by Bengali against the Mughal Empire and request the rest of the League to join us.
 * Tibet: With the declaration of war against the Mughal Empire we send aid to our ally. The Emperor requests that we join the Eurasian Trade Agreement. With the war against the Mughals we send 5000 troops and supplies to aid. The loyalists continue to vassalise Lanna (Turn Two of Three) and build up our military. (Mil turn).
 * Are you sending you support to Bengal please specificy (not sure what your doing here lol) -Feud
 * Netherlands: Maurice I king since the 1460's passes away due to health complications. William van Nassau-Orleans assumes the throne after a month mourning in which the dignataries of all of Europe's major houses are invited.  William assumes the title of King William I of the Netherlands. William, now 17, begins looking to either secure a marriage with one of the daughters of Queen Elsa of Scandinavia as his father wished or to secure a marriage with one of the other major ruling dynasties of Europe. The Kingdom continues to prosper as trade and banking provide a massive influx of capital. The stocks of the East India Company continue to develop more and more as trade with the orient evolves and solidifies. Military and Naval expansion continue. Dutch shipwrights start exploring new ship designs that will allow for greater mobility and firepower. More of the Roman firearms are produced by Wallon gunsmithies. SOme revisions are made to the current tactics used by the Royal Army mainly due to the oppprtunities provided by this new firearm which proves to be superior in firing capacity and cheaper to produce. The arts and sciences continue to Flourish and develop as the courts and universities of the Netherlands fund them due to the large amounts capital avaliable to the Nation. The bourgoeisie and Aristocracy continue to grow as does their wealth. The luxorious life style of the Netherlands continues to evolve. Great mansions, town houses and public works are built, such as the Theatre of Brussels and the Arts building of the University of Amsterdam. The major cities continue to grow and the architectural style of the buildings continue to change. Influence over Sunda and the rest of the East Indies continue to grow as Batavia grows in importance within the region following the collapse of th Thai Empire. The first Dutch building is finished in Batavia becoming the headquaters of the East India's Company in the Orient. Exploration and trading in the New World continue a settlement near the Amazon River is built however it is ultimately abandoned by the end of the Year due to inadequate supplies and the climate. Karl van Nassau-Orleans is named Prince of Holland until William gains an Heir. Karl continues to listen to the stories Mirza tells, and after much harrassment he finally convinces his Brother to name Mirza his main tutor. Wallon culture and the French language continue to influence the development of the national identity as French remains just as important as Dutch within political and academic circles.
 * Oyo Empire: Following the assessment conducted by Oyo military leaders of mock invasion of Oyo by the Europeans, the news is worrisome. Oyo could barely hold off the attack of numerous European states and their vassals, and as such, Oyo lost. It is concluded that for Oyo, and indeed, all of West Africa to survive a potential European invasion, a confederacy of nations to stand united in that time must be formed to prevent a tragedy in the region. To that end, Oyo begins influencing Akan, bringing much of its wealth and culture into the lands to negotiate with the local peoples. With the new Asaaju launching the "Peace through Reconcilation" program, Oyo seeks to bring new nations under its wings by showcasing the technology, wealth, and power they have gained over the many decades, and establish a confederacy out of the local nations, seeking to uplift their neighbors and grant them a better life. The efforts in Akan prove successful, leading to many leaders in the loose country attending the meetings with the Oyo, and the two healing old wounds as Oyo informs them of their visit. Though the idea of joining Oyo as a political and military partner concern many Akan leaders, the Oyo inform them of the threat the new European colonies pose to their survival, especially when the Oyo explain the weaponry these white men have in their possession, and the fact that Oyo alone cannot protect them. As such, many Akan agree to the partnership, though they admit it will take many years to convince the rest of the Akan leaders, and thus, they will need time to work with them in gaining approval in joining a confederacy. The first year of Akan's vassalization (1 of 7) begins. Oyo expands its military, economy, and infrastructure, and with the arrival of their new Portuguese-made ships, begins trading with the nations of Europe for additional goods and weapons. Oyo expands its colony in Port-Gentil by 250 km (exactly one pixel along the coasts, and five pixels on the ends).
 * Oyo Empire: Following the assessment conducted by Oyo military leaders of mock invasion of Oyo by the Europeans, the news is worrisome. Oyo could barely hold off the attack of numerous European states and their vassals, and as such, Oyo lost. It is concluded that for Oyo, and indeed, all of West Africa to survive a potential European invasion, a confederacy of nations to stand united in that time must be formed to prevent a tragedy in the region. To that end, Oyo begins influencing Akan, bringing much of its wealth and culture into the lands to negotiate with the local peoples. With the new Asaaju launching the "Peace through Reconcilation" program, Oyo seeks to bring new nations under its wings by showcasing the technology, wealth, and power they have gained over the many decades, and establish a confederacy out of the local nations, seeking to uplift their neighbors and grant them a better life. The efforts in Akan prove successful, leading to many leaders in the loose country attending the meetings with the Oyo, and the two healing old wounds as Oyo informs them of their visit. Though the idea of joining Oyo as a political and military partner concern many Akan leaders, the Oyo inform them of the threat the new European colonies pose to their survival, especially when the Oyo explain the weaponry these white men have in their possession, and the fact that Oyo alone cannot protect them. As such, many Akan agree to the partnership, though they admit it will take many years to convince the rest of the Akan leaders, and thus, they will need time to work with them in gaining approval in joining a confederacy. The first year of Akan's vassalization (1 of 7) begins. Oyo expands its military, economy, and infrastructure, and with the arrival of their new Portuguese-made ships, begins trading with the nations of Europe for additional goods and weapons. Oyo expands its colony in Port-Gentil by 250 km (exactly one pixel along the coasts, and five pixels on the ends).


 * Benin: With the annoucement of the confederacy by Oyo, Benin recieves a request from Oyo to begin speaking with its neighbors about the new idea. As such, Benin sends its top diplomats to Nri (large state to the east of me), to negotiate on its joining as a member state. Though Nri declines immediately out of spite for Oyo, Benin makes it very clear that though Oyo and Nri may have had their issues in the past, the threat the Europeans pose to the entire region is much greater than their petty rivalry. The point begins to sink when Benin goes into detail about the Kingdom of Spain, which has been expanding quickly in the region, just next to Nri's lands. When Benin explains the threat the Spaniards pose to their own neighbors home, and that Nri would be no threat to them, Nri's leaders conclude that perhaps joining into a confederacy with Oyo would be much safer and would ensure their long-term survival. Though Nri dislikes Oyo and vise versa, they have a common threat, which alone, they cannot counter, but together, they can establish a bulwark against. The first year of Nri's vassalization (1 of 7) begins.
 * Burkina: Burkina expands 10,000 km to the east, seeking to expand the lands that it has to feed its population, and place some buffer lands between Songhai and Oyo. Burkina sends diplomats to Songhai to negotiate a pact with them to establish a military alliance and a trade deal with them. With the recent arrival of the Europeans, Burkina appeals to the nobles in the lands who have taken notice of the white men arriving on their shores. With much to lose, many Songhai leaders have come to understand the offer Oyo through Burkina can provide, and Burkina capitalizes on that fear to push its deal through (mod response please).
 * Ife: Ife begins its role in expanding the confederacy by approaching Nupe with the offer. Nupe's response is swift, with a strong negative tone. Though this slows Ife, it does not deter them from doing what they can to help their African brothers. Ife does what it can to get the Nupe to realize that this isn't about Oyo, Benin, Mali, or the Akan, but much greater than anything any of them could possible do to one another. In an audience with the king, the Ife diplomat impresses upon him the threat of the Europeans, who landed in Africa not to many years ago. Though the king disregards the threat the Europeans pose, the Ife diplomat requests the court follow him to the courtyard, where he has set up a demostration for them. In the courtyard of the palace, the Ife have set up targets, armor displays, a stand with Oyo-made European weapons, and a stable for horses. Taking the Nupe nobles throughout the displays, the Ife diplomat demostrates the weapons and armor possessed by the Europeans. First, the diplomat shows the power of the gun, firing a shot clear through Nupe armor loaned to the Ife team. While many nobles believe their gods will protect them, the Ife respond that so did many other tribes that aren't here anymore thanks to the gun. Next, the diplomat shows the nobles the horses, which the Nupe themselves do not possess. The fact that Nupe couldn't fact Oyo who had horses only serves to prove the point that they will not be able to fight the Europeans who also have horses. As they are shown the armor next, the failure of the Nupe to damage the Oyo-made steel armor demostrates that they will not be able to counter the Europeans, who's armor is of much greater quality. As the demostration comes to an end, the king and his court acknowledge that they will need the aid of not only Oyo, but all of their neighbors to survive the coming age of the Europeans. The first year of Nupe's vassalization begins (1 of 5), though the king states he will need time to bring the rest of his nobility in line with the confederacy.