Timeline (Tashkent Declaration)

This is the timeline for Tashkent Declaration.

1965
Anti-Hindi agitations break out in India, because of which Hindi does not get "National Language" status and remains one of the 23 official languages of India. Homi J Bhabha remains the head of the Indian Nuclear programme.

The Indo-Pakistani War begins on 5 August. The war ends on 26 September after the UN calls for a ceasefire. There is a decisive Indian victory with the capture of Sialkot and Lahore by the Indian forces. The victory is celebrated in India and Lal Bahadur Shastri is hailed as a national hero, thus rising greatly in popularity. Moreover an evaluation of the Indian ammunition reserves and Pakistani losses, reassures the Indian high command of a clear Indian victory in case the war starts again.

Cosmonaut Alexey Leonov, leaves his spacecraft Voskhod 2 and becomes the first person to walk in space. The Maldives receive full independence from Great Britain. Singapore is expelled from the Federation of Malaysia, which recognises it as a sovereign nation. On 15 February 1965, the new Flag of Canada is adopted. On 18 February The Gambia gains independence from the United Kingdom.

‘Operation Rolling Thunder’ is initiated. The first US combat troops are sent to Vietnam in March. By the end of the year there are 200,000 US troops in Vietnam.

1966
The Tashkent Conference is held in the Soviet Union between the President of Pakistan and the Prime Minister of India. The negotiations are moderated by the Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin. The UN, the USSR and the US try and force India back to the 1949 ceasefire line. The Indian delegation including the Prime Minister reject the proposals, threatening to restart the war. Knowing of state of the Pakistani armour and the almost depleted Pakistani ammunition reserves the Pakistani delegation concedes to the Indian demands. The Tashkent Declaration is finally signed on 15 January. Under the terms of the Declaration, India and Pakistan sign a 5 year non-aggression pact and Pakistan hands over and recognises India's claim to Jammu and Kashmir in exchange for the return of Sialkot and Lahore. The other conquered territories are returned.

Lal Bahadur Shastri returns to India. His popularity surges as he re-asserts himself in the Indian National Congress. The funding of the air force and the navy is increased. India focuses on enhancing communication and coordination within and among the tri-services of the Indian Armed Forces. Homi J. Bhabha is called back to India to lead the nuclear program. The Government of India decides to give more importance to the nuclear program.The nuclear program is accelerated and receives greater funding. Small reforms are initiated by the Shastri government slowly taking away power from the Planning Commission. A large amount of investment is diverted to the agricultural sector. Plans for a nation-wide Green Revolution are formulated. The Para Commandos regiment is created.

The people of Pakistan are shocked by the Tashkent Declaration. The handing over of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit Baltistan and national humiliation causes nation-wide riots and distrust in the government. Ayub Khan goes into seclusion. However in his address to the nation on 18 January, he is able to assure the people, bringing an end to the riots.

On 30 September the Republic of Botswana and on 4 October the Kingdom of Lesotho gains independence from the United Kingdom. The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution starts in China.

1967
On 21 April, a group of right-wing army officers led by Brigadier General Stylianos Pattakos and Colonels George Papadopoulos and Nikolaos Makarezos seize power in a ''coup d'etat. ''A military junta is established in Greece. Nguyen Van Thieu becomes the President of South Vietnam. The Nigerian Civil War begins July. The 3rd Arab Israeli War starts on June 5. Israel gains control of the Sinai Peninsula, the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, East Jerusalem, and the Golan Heights. The war ends on 10 June.

Lal Bahadur Shastri visits Moscow, indicating a major change in India's foreign policy. A team of Indian nuclear scientists including Homi Bhabha, Raja Ramanna, PK Iyengar and Homi Sethna visit the Soviet nuclear research facilities in Dubna. The secret Plutonium reactor, Purnima is completed in early December. Weapons development proceeds at a quick pace. Lal Bahadur Shastri authorizes Homi J Bhabha for the production of a nuclear weapon. The Indian National Congress wins the 1967 Lok Sabha elections under Lal Bahadur Shastri. Educational reforms are initiated on a large scale. A single board of education is created. A large number of government schools are established.

Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto resigns as the Foreign Minister of Pakistan. On 21 June, he delivers a speech in Lahore, tapping the anger against Ayub and the current establishment, he travels across Pakistan delivering speeches. The Pakistan People's Party is formed and establishes a strong base in Punjab, Sindh and among the Mujahirs.

1968
On 17 July a coup in Iraq by the Arab Socialist Baath Party, overthrows President Abdul Rahman Arif. On 12 March the Mauritius and on 6 September the Kingdom of Swaziland gain independence from the United Kingdom. on 12 October the Republic of Equatorial Guinea gains independence from Spain. The Tet Offensive is initiated. Demonstrations against the Vietnam War start in America. The My Lai massacre takes place. Peace talks begin in Paris.

The India nuclear bomb, is engineered and finally assembled at Trombay in early February. The device is detonated in a surprise test on 18 May and is nicknamed Smiling Buddha with an official yield of 8kt of TNT''. ''Lal Bahadur Shastri's popularity reaches a high. The Green Revolution is initiated leading to high yields and a great increase in the growth rate of the agricultural sector. Plans for the White Revolution led by the NDDB are formulated. Steps are taken to reduce the licence raj.

The PPP activists stage a number of riots and protests in the cities of Pakistan. They demand Ayub's resignation.

1969
On 1 September a small group of military officers led by Muammar Gaddafi overthrows the monarchy in Libya. Richard Nixon becomes President of the United States in January. The Nixon doctrine is implemented. The withdrawal of American troops from Vietnam starts. Ho Chi Minh dies in Vietnam. Richard Nixon becomes President of the United States in January. The Nixon doctrine is implemented. The withdrawal of American troops from Vietnam starts. Ho Chi Minh dies in Vietnam. On 20 July, Apollo 11, the first human spaceflight lands on the Moon. The Montreal Stock Exchange is bombed in Quebec.

Phase 2 and 3 of the Green Revolution are initiated. The Green Revolution solves the chronic food shortages in India to a great extent. The White Revolution is subsequently initiated with greater government funding. Milk production increases quickly with the establishment of village cooperatives and an increase in the number of milk sheds. In a major decision, the Shastri Cabinet strikes down the licence raj and takes away most of the powers of the Planning Commission. The Government lowers tariffs and interest rates, duties and taxes, ends many public monopolies and opens up to international trade and investment.

ZA Bhutto and Dr Hassan are arrested in Pakistan in November. This sparks great political unrest in Pakistan. Ayub Khan is forced to resign. Ayub's successor, Yahya Khan, promises to hold elections in October 1970.

Multiple border clashes on the Sino-Soviet border quickly escalate. The PRC and the USSR mobilise. The Chinese people call for war. The PRC declares war on China on 12 May. The PLA makes quick gains in the first few weeks but is forced to retreat out of Manchuria, Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia by October. Ningxia and Gansu fall by December. The Soviet Air Forces devastate China. Chinese industries, cities and nuclear establishments are completely ruined. The loss of Manchuria proves devastating to the PRC. Indian forces retake disputed territories and advance into Tibet. The IAF establishes air superiority over Tibet.

1970
Soviet Forces capture Shanxi, Shaanxi, Qinghai by February. Hebei is taken over and Beijing is encircled. Beijing falls on 14 March. Airborne units of the Indian Army capture Lhasa. The Treaty of Alma-Ata is signed between India, the USSR and the PRC on 21 April. According to the terms of the treaty, Xinjiang and Manchuria become Federated Republics in the USSR, Inner Mongolia and parts of Gansu are ceded to the Mongolian People's Republic, PRC is forced to recognise India's claims to the disputed territories and Greater Tibet as an independent state.

The popularity of Alexei Kosygin rises in the Soviet Union. Biafran forces make gains in the Nigerian Civil War. The Cambodian coup led by Pro American Lon Nol fails. In response Cambodia under Prince Sihanouk starts actively supporting North Vietnam. Operation Menu commences. US forces and the ARVN launch the invasion of Cambodia. This sparks nationwide protests in the US. The My Lai massacre is made public. Several other incidents provoke further public outrage in the US. With mounting pressure, the US government is forced to withdraw troops from Vietnam. Australia and New Zealand completely withdraw their forces from Vietnam. The withdrawal of Soviet and Chinese aid causes problems to the North Vietnamese forces.

1971
Peace protests spread across the United States. Disillusionment and ill-discipline grows in the ranks including increased drug use and desertions.