Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)

The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian: Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика Rossiyskaya Sovetskaya Federativnaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), commonly referred to as the Russian SFSR, is the largest, most populous, and most economically developed republic of the Soviet Union. The Russian SFSR is comprised sixteen autonomous republics, seven autonomous oblasts, ten autonomous okrugs, six krais, and forty oblasts. Russians formed the largest ethnic group.

The international borders of the Russian SFSR are Poland on the west; Scandinavia, Estonia, Lithuania, and Finland on the northwest; and Korea, Mongolia, and China on the southwest. Within the Soviet Union, the Russian SFSR bordered the Ukrainian, Byelorussian, and Latvian SSRs to its west and Azerbaijan, Georgian and Kazakh SSRs to the south. Roughly 70% of the area in the RSFSR consisted of broad plains, with mountainous regions mainly concentrated in the east. The area is rich in mineral resources, including petroleum, natural gas, and iron ore.