Monarchy of Modena (1861: Historical Failing)

The monarchy of Modena has only been an independent sovereign monarchy once in its history. Modenese monarchs have always been part of greater monarchy based inside of Modena itself.

List of Dukes

 * 1452-1477: Pietro I
 * 1477-1500: Geminiano I
 * 1500-1548: Gaudenzio I
 * 1548-1572: Tommaso I
 * 1572-1605: Pietro II
 * 1605-1655: Benedetto I
 * 1655-1680: Pietro III
 * 1680-1713: Filippo I
 * 1713-1745: Salvatore I
 * 1745-1782: Riccardo I
 * 1782-1816: Pietro IV
 * 1816-1840: Vittorio I
 * 1840-1883: Filippo II
 * 1883-1912: Pio I
 * 1912-1943: Pietro V
 * 1943-1993: Enrico I
 * 1993-: Francesco I