Abbasid Caliphate (Saracen Jihad)

The Abbasid Caliphate (Arabic: الخلافة العباسية‎ / ALA-LC: al-Khilāfah al-‘Abbāsīyyah), was the third of the Islamic caliphates to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. The caliphate was ruled by the Abbasid dynasty, descendents of Muhammad's youngest uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (566–653 CE). The Abbasid Caliphate succeeded the Umayyad Caliphate, which ruled from 661–750, following the successful Abbasid Revolt, the last of a series of civil wars and succession crises that collectively were known as the Third Fitna.