Egypt (Yellowstone: 1936)

The Sultanate of Egypt is a major soveriegn state located in northeastern Africa and the Middle East. Its borders range from Cyrenaica and Libya to the west, Judea, Israel, and Palestine to the north, and Nubia and Kush to the south.

Egypt has a long and complex history, dating back to the very beginning of human civilization. Over time, indigenous rule over Egypt ceased to be and Egyp was ruled by a variety of cultures and empires. Following the eruption of the Yellowstone caldera, Egypt returned to indigenous rule and has become a major Muslim power in the world, rivaled by perhaps only Iran and Turkey.

Since Yellowstone
The eruption of the Yellowstone caldera did little to Egypt. Food was readily available due to the fertility and length of the Nile River, while prior British investment in the nation had given the nation an advanced infrastructure. The food riots that affected other nations were a rare occurrence in Egypt.

Following the collapse of the British Empire, Egyptian forces were ordered to seize British property and territory that the Egyptians thought rightfully belonged to Egypt. Sudan and the Mandate of Palestine, as well as the Suez Canal, were all occupied by the military. British forces, with no outside assistance and outnumbered, surrendered quickly.

Egyptian forces also occupied Italian North Africa after Italy collapsed and formed the provinces of Cyrenaica, Libya, Tripolitania, and Fezzan. This was to monopolize Egyptian control of fertile farmland in North Africa, an area relatively unaffected by the eruption. Egypt also wrested control of Hejaz from Saudi Arabia in 1938.

The continued expansion of Egypt proved to be too much of a threat to Egypt's neighbors, who resolved to limit the growth of Egypt. Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Syria invaded Egyptian territory in 1939. Although able to hold its own for a short time, Egypt began to fall on the defensive as rebellions in its territory drew forces away from the front. Even with Iraq as its ally, Egypt was unable to maintain its control of its more rebellious territories, even more so when Iran entered the war and invaded Iraq.

By 1942, it was clear to all participants that the war was unsustainable, and Treaty of Jerusalem was signed in order to bring peace to the Middle East. In the treaty, Egypt lost the provinces of Sudan, Darfur, Fezzan, and Tripolitania, all of which gained independence. The Hejaz became an independent monarchy dependent on Egyptian and Iraqi aid, while Turkey, Syria, Iran, and Saudi Arabia all became closely allied with each other.

Since the war, tensions between the nations have warmed, with Egypt and Iraq forming a trade cartel in order to ship food to other middle eastern nations. The war also increased the popularity of the monarchy, which was already extremely popular due to the seizing of British territory.