History and Development of Computing Technologies (Premysloides Dynasty)

Medieval predecessors and economic impact
Earliest traces of research and development of computing technologies in Roman Empire, can be found in theoretical works and papers of Roger Bacon. Based on astronomical tool technologies and gears, Roger Bacon presented idea of automatic computing technology, in that time called as New Calculata.

Shortly before his death, Roger Bacon presented primitive technology called "Timesheet", that can make easier time management in workplaces. Imperial Trade Company and large workshops very soon used this system and decreased costs of time, manpower and resources by about 5-10%. In short term, it had very small to none effect, but in long term, it saved massive amount of time, finances and resources neccesary for imperial economy.

Another breakthrough happend in 1300, when one of Roger Bacon pupil, Matheeus van Nyra presented Nyra Calculator, based on Bacon theory and experiments. "Baconina", how was named this calculator, was able to add, substract, multiply and divide numbers. In 1302, Imperial Trade Company bought Baconina and focused some of their research on improving Baconina. To Dark Age, about six other models were presented, mostly improved for easier usage, decrease costs and improve some capabilities. Imperial Government and Imperial Trade Company immediately used Baconina for accounting and improving administrative.

Early electronics
For development of electronics and early computing technologies was crucial electric energy and its development. Since reign of Basil III, experiments with electricity were initiated and continued. At end of his reign (1497), first earliest electric generators were presented. These experiments started after discovery of "Baghdad Battery" in archaelogical digsites. Today, most of historians dispute real "electrical" principles of Baghdad Battery, but discovery inspired numerous engineers and technicians to experiment with electricity and finding way to control electricity, include finding applicability.

In 1523, during Romanos VI reign, Irkanic cell (named after engineer Papitos Irkanos) was invented and produced electricity because of chemical reactions. In 1531, Irkanic cell was replaced by Irkanic pile. Empire, include scientific institutions, were skeptical toward electricity applicability, but that changed when Irkanic was able to use Irkanic pile to heat wire and reach incandescence. While earliest prototypes were very problematic (worked for 20-30 hours and were costly), Irkanic was granted massive funds to improve technologies - electric generator, newly invented turbines, Irkanic pile and Irkanic bulb.