Ninety-Five Theses (Map Game)

''The wiki has drastically changed since the end of Principia Moderni III. We've been losing a lot of users, and have only seen a huge influx of new ones. I have never seen a massive high quality game since then. The staff of Ninety-Five Theses promises you the best quality game since PM, and hopes that you'll enjoy your experience while a part of the game.''

-Staff of Ninety-Five Theses

The Ninety-Five Theses on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences were written by Martin Luther and posted on the door of the All Saints' Church in Wittenberg. Martin Luther's actions created a chain reaction that led to almost a century-and-a-half of fighting that weakened both the Holy Roman Empire and the Roman Catholic Church. What direction will you take in this quest? How will you face the looming, and ever growing, Protestant Reformation? How will you interpret the Ninety-Five Theses?

Rules
See also Rules (Ninety-Five Theses Map Game)

Here are the basic rules for Ninety-Five Theses:


 * Each turn is one entire year. A new "year" shall begin at 00:00 (UTC) every day.
 * Wars will be decided by the algorithm on the talk page.
 * Any player disputes will be resolved by the moderator staff.
 * A player has three plausibility strikes. First time is a warning, second time is a ban and third time you're banned from the game.
 * Players may not create new sciences or technologies on their own but must instead approach the Moderator Team with the technology and provide explanations why they should discover the advancement; it will then be announced in the Mod Events section of the turn. Requests to advance are on the talk page.

Moderators

 * Saturn1257 - (Moderator-in-Chief)
 * PitaKang - (Algorithim Moderator)
 * Feudalplague - (Event/Plausibilty Mod)
 * Edgeofnight - (Neutral Mod)
 * Reximus55 - (Event/Plausibilty Mod)
 * CrimsonAssassin - (Event/Plausibily Mod)
 * Daxus Inferno - (Event/Plasibilty Mod)
 * Krasnoyarsk - (Event/Plausibily Mod)

Western Europe

 * Flag Portugal (1495).svg Portugal - FP ( Now 10% edgier!!!  )


 * Mozambique (Port) -
 * Zanzibar (Port) -
 * Goa (Port) -
 * St. Tome (Port) -
 * Fernando Pó (Port) -
 * Muscat (Port) -
 * Malacca -
 * Madeira -
 * Azores -
 * Lakshadweep (colony)
 * Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg Spain - Scarlet Outlaw
 * Hispaniola (Colony) - Scarlet Outlaw
 * Cuba (Colony) - Scarlet Outlaw
 * Bahamas (Colony) - Scarlet Outlaw
 * Jamaica (Colony) - Scarlet Outlaw
 * Puerto Rico (Colony) - Scarlet Outlaw
 * Kingdom of Naples: Scarlet Outlaw
 * Kingdom of Sicily: Scarlet Outlaw
 * Habsburg Lowlands - Prinsenvlag.svg  Hail Sean!   (Get a free potato here)
 * County of Flanders- vinnyusBe mapping
 * Bandera de Reino de Navarra.svg.png Navarre - User:Kingkush1
 * Pavillon royal de la France.svg France - Flag_of_South_Korea.png PitaKang- (Talk to me | Kill count: 8)
 * Flag of England.svg England -
 * Calais (Port) - Scraw
 * Flag of Scotland.svg Scotland - StarEagle.png Nicktc StarEagle.png

Scandinavia

 * Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark (Kalmar Union) -Vibacce
 * Norway -
 * Sweden - Redbaran45 (talk)
 * Iceland (Colony)
 * Faroe Islands (Colony)

Central Europe and Holy Roman Empire

 * Flag of Austria.svg Austria - TheGreatHistorian500 (talk)
 * Flag of Bohemia.svg Bohemia - Great showing. B23 (talk)
 * Wappen Mark Brandenburg.png Brandenburg - Nkbeeching
 * Flag of Bavaria (striped).svg Bavaria -  The Empire shall rise, and all will kneel at our...  foot... stubs...
 * Flag of Electoral Saxony.svg Saxony -
 * Flag of The Electoral Palatinate (1604).svg Pfalz
 * Black St George's Cross.svg Cologne
 * LuikVlag.svg Liege
 * Early Swiss cross.svg Swiss Confederacy- Crim de la Crème 19:36, February 14, 2016 (UTC)
 * Three Leagues- Crim de la Crème 19:36, February 14, 2016 (UTC)
 * Valais- Crim de la Crème 19:36, February 14, 2016 (UTC)
 * Savoie flag.svg Savoy - Through Stars We Rise. (Welcome to the Universe).
 * Saluzzo
 * March of Montferrat -
 * Flag of Genoa.svg Genoa - KawaiiKame
 * Flag of Milan.svg Duchy of Milan - Tomw1864
 * Margravate of Mantua -
 * Duchy of Ferrara - Willster22 (Say 'Ello)
 * Duchy of Modena - Tao64
 * Pontremali
 * Republic of Lucca -
 * Florence - Flippedlion.png NicDonalds, Beginning Editor  Talk Lionsymbol.png


 * Elba
 * Piombino
 * Siena - Cbj12
 * County of Tyrol -
 * Wuerttemberg Banner.svg Kingdom of Württemberg -  The  Tim   Man  (TSW • AH • MGW • Contribs )
 * Prince Bishopric of Munster -
 * Archbishopric of Salzburg -
 * Bishopric of Würzburg - IronChaos
 * Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg - I am that guy (talk)
 * Duchy of Lorraine -belial
 * Duchy of Mecklenburg -
 * Duchy of Pomerania -
 * Venice -
 * Stato de Mar - *See Me*
 * Papal States - Sat (Talk to me!)


 * Camerino - Sat (Talk to me!)
 * Ancona - Sat (Talk to me!)

Eastern Europe

 * Chorągiew królewska króla Zygmunta III Wazy.svg Poland-Lithuania - KingSparta300 (talk)
 * Insignia Germany Order Teutonic.svg Teutonic Knights -  Constantinus Byzantinus Maximus Talk At Me
 * Baltic coat of arms.svgnd - Wrto12 (talk)
 * Livonian Order - Wrto12 (talk)
 * Moscow -
 * Ryazan -
 * Flag of the Kazan Khanate.svgr Kazan -
 * Astrakhan -
 * Nogai - Privelige Check!

Southern Europe and Balkans

 * Hungary -  .....   Because I'm Just... Too... SSSWWWEEEEEETTT!!!
 * Ottoman Empire - I would like to thank Feud for making Borealia possible
 * Crimean Khanate - I would like to thank Feud for making Borealia possible
 * Moldavia - Alexander of Volzhsky (talk)
 * Georgia - Cookiedamage (talk) 01:36, February 14, 2016 (UTC)
 * The Knights of Rhodes - Zamarak500 (talk)
 * Wallachia -

East Asia

 * Ming Dynasty - Love you, Everyone&#39;s favorite Girl, Kaori!
 * Joseon - There was a candy,   and it said,  "Bruh, I'm coming for you, bruh. Oi, g'day mate you wanna mate?" ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)

Japanese Archipeligo

 * Japan (Ashikaga) - OMGdidiwin Columbian Empire Flag 2 Alt 1.jpg
 * Matsumae
 * Mutsu
 * Dewa
 * Echigo
 * Aizu
 * Shimotzuke
 * Hitachi
 * Shimosa
 * Kasuza
 * Satomi Awa
 * Sagami
 * Suruga
 * Musashi
 * Etchu
 * Noto
 * Inaba
 * Mikawa
 * Ise
 * Owari
 * Yamashiro
 * Omi
 * Harima
 * Kwatchi
 * Hosokawa Awa
 * Iyo
 * Izumo
 * Aki
 * Suo
 * Tsushima
 * Chikuzen
 * Bungo
 * Hyuga
 * Higo
 * Hizen
 * Chikugo
 * Satsuma
 * Ryukyu

Southeast Asia

 * Dai Viet -  Claus the Mighty (talk) 21:31, February 16, 2016 (UTC)
 * Khmer Empire - Daeseunglim (talk)
 * Ayutthaya - Mr. Lello (talk)
 * Pegu
 * Lan Xang (Laos)
 * Ava
 * Shan Tribes
 * Toungoo
 * Cheingmai
 * Assam
 * Mrohaung

Asian Islands

 * Majapahit-
 * Pajajaran-
 * Johore Sultanate
 * Aceh Sultanate
 * Padir
 * Pasai
 * Perlak
 * Aru
 * Jambi
 * Palembang
 * Demak Sulatanate
 * Gresik
 * Bali
 * Sumbawa
 * Bimi
 * Sambas
 * Sulu
 * Sukada
 * Sampit
 * Banjarmasin
 * Pasir
 * Kutei
 * Berau
 * Makassar
 * Luwu
 * Butung
 * Laiwu
 * Bungku
 * Buol
 * Banggai
 * Gorotnalo
 * Jailolo
 * Tidore
 * Bacan
 * Magindanau
 * Brunei
 * Ternate

Central Asia

 * Tibet - Shikata ga nai!
 * Oirat Khanate -
 * Kashmir -
 * Turfan (Eastern Chagatai Khanate) -
 * Kashgar (Western Chagatai Khanate) - Captainjohnrex (talk)
 * Khiva -
 * Bukhara - Bozistanball
 * Timurid Kabulistan - Simmy1993
 * Khazakh Khanate
 * Khanate of Sibir
 * Mongolia

Indian Sub-continent

 * Bengal - Roman-spqr-flag.png Consul Ioshua has returned.  (Talk) SPQR_EMBLEM.jpg
 * Delhi -
 * Vijayanagara - Vatonica (talk) 03:08, February 18, 2016 (UTC)
 * Jaffna kingdom-
 * Kingdom of Kotte-
 * Kingdom of Kandy-
 * Multan -
 * Sindh -
 * Gujarat -
 * Malwa -
 * Kandesh -
 * Ahmadnagar -
 * Bijapur -
 * Bahmani -
 * Berar -
 * Gajapatis -
 * Bikaner
 * Jalsalmeer
 * Marwar
 * Mewar
 * Mandia
 * Garha
 * Deogarh
 * Patan
 * Koch
 * Maldives- Jbwncster   (Talk)  RustySilverGear.png 16:01, February 15, 2016 (UTC)

Middle East

 * Persia - Awesome history 28 (talk)
 * Sistan -
 * Baluchi tribes -
 * Tahiride Yemen -
 * Nabhani Sultanate - Daxus the Harbinger of Lameness (talk)

Oceania
Papauan Angu tribe  -  SkyGreen24

Northern Coast

 * Hasfid - Sine dei gloriem &#34;Ex Initio Terrae&#34; (talk)
 * Wattassid -
 * Tlemcen -

West Africa

 * Songhai - User:Person67
 * Benin - Flag of the Xanian Empire.svg Vivaporius: "I don't need a slogan"
 * Wolof
 * Futa Toro
 * Wagadugu
 * Gurma
 * Kenkodogo
 * Mamprussi
 * Gonja
 * Dagomba
 * Bono
 * Heman
 * Allada
 * Agona
 * Oyo
 * Ife
 * Warri
 * Brass
 * Bonny
 * Bamoun
 * Kebbi
 * Yauri
 * Zamfara
 * Gobir
 * Biram
 * Zaria
 * Kano
 * Daura
 * Katsina
 * Daniski
 * Hadejia
 * Empire of Bornu
 * Mandera
 * Bagirmi
 * Wadai

​Southern Africa

 * Kongo -
 * Ndongo
 * Lunda
 * Rwanda
 * Nkore
 * Karagwe
 * Bunyoro
 * Buganda
 * Rozwi
 * Great Zimbabwe

Horn of Africa

 * Ethiopia - DCUnited13
 * Adal
 * Funj
 * Mogadishu -
 * Shilluk Kingdom

Mexican Valley

 * Aztec - Erizium (talk)
 * Xoconochco
 * Michoacan
 * Culican
 * Chametlan
 * Astatlan
 * Tonallan
 * Coinan
 * Poncitlan
 * Cuitzeo
 * Ayutitlan
 * Azmola
 * Colimotl
 * Xilotan
 * Huextla
 * Metztitlan
 * Hueyacocotlan
 * Tlaxcalans
 * Huetzcotzingo
 * Cholula
 * Yopitzingo
 * Tototopec
 * Nuuntoo
 * Coatlicamac
 * Guaspaltepec
 * Xaltepec
 * Ualtepec
 * Coatzacualco
 * Yahualulco

​Yucatan

 * Potonchan
 * Chilapa
 * Xicallanco
 * Chanputun
 * Ahcanul
 * Chakan
 * Cehpech
 * Ahkinchel
 * Chauaca
 * Cupul
 * Hocaba
 * Susuta
 * Tutulxiu
 * Ecab
 * Cohcuah
 * Huaymil
 * Mazanahau
 * Tayasal
 * Chiapen
 * Chicomuceltec
 * Comitan
 * Cupanahuastla
 * Uatlan
 * Chiya
 * Iximiche
 * Cuscatlan

Miscellaneous Tribes

 * Cherokee - Nlenhardt (talk)

South America

 * Inca - Kostdanila (talk)
 * Guayaqil

1520
 CHECK OUT THE CURRENT WAR REPORTS HERE: Current_Wars 

''' IF YOU WANT AN ALGO POST ON THE TALK PAGE!!!! '''

''' Tensions escalate between Spain and Austria over the rightful heir to the Habsburg throne. The threat of war is ever rising. '''

''' In Panama and central Hispaniola, escaped slaves and renegade natives form small rebel groups. They begin to attack Spanish settlements, freeing more slaves, slaughtering Spaniards, and stealing weapons. The threat of these “maroons” slows expansion in both areas to nothing. More importantly, the slaves know how to forge metal weapons, and knowledge of metalworking begins to spread south into the Amazon and north into Mexico as some slaves choose to flee as far from Spanish colonies as possible. '''

''' Localized peasant rebellions break out in Austria as taxes on serfs are raised, particularly in the Tyrol, where the peasants kill tax collectors and officials in large numbers. Tax revenues plummet. In areas without rebellion, serfs begin to starve from high taxes. '''

''' A plague of smallpox devastates Mexico, killing hundreds of thousands of natives, including the Aztec Emperor, as it sweeps north before petering out near the Mississippi. Entire villages are emptied and mass graves spring up everywhere; many Mayans believe the end of a cycle is occurring and the world’s destruction and rebirth is imminent. '''

''' Due to the Maldives radical change in religious stance, instability rocks the island chain and militant Muslims manage to gain control of several islands. '''

''' The economy of Tibet begins to wane slightly, as the government maintains high spending, as poor infrastructure, not much trade, and low population can only yield so much. '''


 * Brunswick-Lüneburg: the alliance with Hamburg and trade with Lübeck allow Brunswick-Lüneburg merchants greater access to Hansa trade, giving a noticeable boost in the Brunswickian economy. Heinrich V calls for a new look to be taken at the military, specifically at how firearms can be more efficiently incorporated. An envoy is sent to Sweden, offering to recognize Gustav as the rightful king and aid them against Denmark if, in return, they recognize Heinrich as the rightful Duke of Holstein, currently a Danish feif within the Holy Roman Empire.


 * Joseon: A series of reforms continue as King Jungjong seeks to establish a self-reliant, powerful Korea capable of defending itself from a hostile China and a unified Japan. Neo-Confucianism, which promotes obedience to the state, is made the official state ideology. In addition to this, the Korean government promotes academic achievement, innovation, artistry, and Korean nationalism. The use of Hanja is heavily discouraged and is banned in formal situations. Hangul is declared the sole official script and is used to teach adults how to read and write. The rigid, hereditary, caste-based system known as the bone rank system is abolished to prevent power struggles between the aristocratic elite and the Korean monarchy and to establish equal opportunities for Koreans of different socioeconomic classes. The production of paper bills is restricted to prevent hyperinflation, and external trade is limited to, stop a disastrous outflow of precious metals and an inflow of foreign ideas. An increase in the production of gunpowder weapons continues and Korean scientists continue to flirt with the prospect of weaponised fireworks. Compulsory military service is enacted for all able-bodied men (excluding members of the government or nobility).
 * Poland-Lithuania continues the expansion of her military, aiming to build up to over 200,000 men. Fire arms, such as muskets and cannons, are mass produced, and an alliance offer is sent to Austria, with the promise of support against Spain. Another alliance is sent to Bohemia, and Martin Luther's thesis is widely banned. As both Poland and Lithuania grow closer, the two continue to act as one nation. The King seeks a major border to align with, as this would aid against possible Muscovy aggression. The King is willing to pay handsomely. Poland asks the Nogai and Astrakhan for an alliance agains t Muscovy, offering large sums of money.
 * No mass production. Firearms are not mass produced right now, they are present in the army but are not efficient enough to make up the entire bulwark of an army, Lets be realistic here, were in the era of Tercio and semi gun warfare, not out and out gunpowder warfare. You also have no way to ally with Nogai or Astrakhan. You got prevented not even two turns ago from doing this, why are you doing it TWICE. -Feud
 * I've spoken with Sat about this and we both agree that he should be able to ally with Nogai and Astrakhan. Physically speaking, it's possible for him to send courier undetected through Muscovy, and alliance between Christians and Muslims has happened to confront common-foes. -Dax
 * Crim and I spoke and agree that it's kinda BS for him to ally with the hordes. He has no impetus to ally with them when I'm in an active DEFENSIVE coalition against him. The entire threat from me is that he's being a threat to all his neighbors. The Hordes in general are not really in the position to ally with Poland either, they have zero reason to trust any European comming from the west even one in some far away land that isn't Russian. On top of that he has no reason to feel threatened by me since none of the historic Russo-Polish wars havent happened yet, and Muscovy has been expanding almost exclusively at the expense of ethnic brothers and hordes -Feud'
 * After further deliberation, the forbidding of these alliance stands. Sorry, Sparta -Dax
 * In my opinion, Poland can ally with whoever he likes, but the fact is that Poland knows nothing about the successors of the Golden Horde -Nate
 * So, what can I do? Shall me and Feud just invade the Crimea then? -Sparta
 * There are multiple goals to a game like this, some people want to avoid wars and be major trader/colonizers, others want to conquer and bust out large empires, some people just want to propogate their cultures. You DONT have to go to war, thats just an option and against someone like the ottomans... an ill advised one for the time being. -Feud
 * Rhodes: Prince Philippe I and his wife have their first child in October this year, a son who they name Philippe, like his father. The succession of the Principality is now assure. The Prince order celebrations all around the island. Prince Philippe travel all around the island to promote Lutheranism as the true faith, helping the number of conversions to grow among the local population. Philippe I still hope that some sort of nationalism will come out of those conversions. He also continue to invest in order to help the development of new naval technologies, realizing that as an island with a small population, having advanced fleet is the only way to survive. But secretly, he also dream of one day owning a faraway land somewhere.
 * Bengal: With a new age, comes new ambitions. With the conquest of Gondwana, we thank our allies with gifts of spices and perfumes. We continue military development across the nation and begin to incorporate Gondwana. To prevent revolts, we implement of a new system of provinces, having a native ruler preside and watch over the region. We continue trade with Kabulistan, Delhi, and Portugal. However, with the declining economy of Tibet, we offer some financial aid in thanks for helping us in the war. 
 * Württemberg: We hope that our secession from the Holy Roman Empire will not damage our friendly relations with Bavaria, as we saw independence from HRE politics as necessary for the protection of our religious freedom. Meanwhile, we begin a program of accelerated military expansion, in anticipation of retaliation from Austria and other loyal HRE states. The Diet is reorganised into the Kronrat (Royal Council), which is to serve as an advisory board to the King. Württemberg is divided into a series of provinces. Crown Prince Christoph is made the Governor of Ludwigsburg.
 * Rhodes Dip: Prince Philippe I sent a letter expressing his support to the King of Württemberg for standing against the Pope, and hope that good relations between the two nations will me possible.
 * Württemberg Dip: The King thanks Rhodes for their support and proposes trade between the two countries in the hope of building friendly relations.
 * Rhodes Dip: Prince Philippe accept the trade deal.
 * Bavarian Dip: We do not begrudge your decision to exit the HRE, and in fact we might yet have to do the same, but the fact that we sit adjacent to Austria, the largest and most powerful of the Holy Roman states, might make secession ... difficult.
 * Bukhara: Economy and military improves in the Bukhara Empire, Mercantile trade and caravan travelers transverse across the state, as well as exporting and importing many commodities to many distant lands. We begin to work on urbanize Bukhara by have spending artiest and other important people to the city. Men between 18- 37 are forced into the army and are trained for war. We begin to mobilize our armies using mongol horse back and turkish battle tactics pushing into Persia (of 20,000) aiming for the cities of Merv,Nishabur, and Herat killing and slaying enemies on horse back or using huge human wave attacks for anyone opposing us,where their heads are chopped off and placed in one mass grave, with Kochkunju Muhammad bin Abul-Khayr Khan leading his men. Children 13 -18 are thought how to fight for the nation and ones with a bright future are brought to better military schools to be train as Shock troops for four more years. We send 40,000 more troops to the Persian front, and beseige the citites of Merv and Nishabur (with 20,000 troops),with no Persian military action we begin to occupy cities in the Kavir Desert and begin to send an army of 20,000 to Damavand riding on horse back.20,000 more troops are send to the Persian front. We begin to use Kavir desert as a FOB after seeing victories. We begin to re send troops on their way to Damavand to Isfahan (Persia capital) along with the 10,000 new troops. Kochkunju declare that god is on our side. We begin to rush the cities of Merv and Nishabur (ALGO PLEASE).
 * Maldives: We ask Bengal to help deal the revolt in the country. We start building a port in the Chagos Archipelago after scouting the land and picked Diego Garcia Island. We repeal the death penalty for practicing Islam, but keep the new state religion of Buddhism. We accept the agreement proposed by Delhi.
 * The Ottoman Dip: Caliphs Selim and Yazid are repulsed by the Maldives sudden abandonment of Islam, which is the core ideology of the Empire. As such, the Ottomans withdraw all support from the Maldives and forbid trade with them, until they change the state religion back.
 * Oman declared jihad on the Maldives   due to the rejection of Islam, and the whole navy along with 7,500 mercenaries and 500 slave soldiers to occupy the islands. The Sultan calls for aid from Muslim countries around the Indian Ocean sanctions the Maldives and encourages slaver raids in their territory.
 *  Bengal Dip:  We send utmost aid, about 2,000 of our best men and many crates of supplies.
 * Bukhara Dip: Maldives sudden abandonment of Islam, which is becoming the core ideology of the state. As such, the Bukhara withdraw all support from the Maldives and forbid trade with them, until they change the state religion back. 
 * Benin: The Oba continues his reforms of Benin, organizing the industrial capacity of his realm, and embarks on the process of constructing a major industrial complex in Edo and Onim. Leveraging the knowledge of the weaponsmiths from Europe, it is intended that the industrial complex to be established in Edo shall produce army equipment such as guns, cannon, armor, and helmets, while the one in Onim shall produce the needed equipment for the shipyards in the city. In the city of Onim, Benin finalizes the sell of one hundred slaves to Venice for a total of two thousand zuruoke ($290,340), and sends them to Onim for processing and transportation to Venice. Oba Xadreque turns his attention to the development of the Roman Catholic Church in Benin, establishing a series of edicts regulating the teaching of the religion. Attempts to bring the Christian teachings closer to those of Rome are made, with the Benin people taught that their gods are not what they thought. Priests with a warm and approachable personality are sent out to clarify the teachings of the church, helping many to understand that traditional Edo religion and Roman Catholicism are incompatible. While some elderly members of the communities are aggressive in their attempts to stop this shift in religious belief, the majority of those believing in Christianity shift their views more in line the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church. The kind manner in which the Benin priests taught these doctrines also serves to attract more individuals to the religion, seeing the kindness of the church as more welcoming than the harshness of their traditional beliefs. Elsewhere, as the slave trade grows, the needs of the state do as well, leading to Benin to expand by 150 px into the eastern ports of the region, and capturing many natives from the region and selling them of to Europe. Desiring a port of operations for the anti-slave smuggling effort in the Bright of Benin, the Oba declares the annexation of , and sends 300 warriors to the island to plant the flag of Benin on its shores as a sign of its claim there. The Royal Regiment of Benin is reorganized to train with European weapons, tactics and armor. Xadraque attends the first military parade in Benin demonstrating the first time an African state utilized Europe military tactics in the field. He hails the drill as as a landmark achievement in Benin's transition into a European state, an reaffirms to his court and people that Benin shall become European. As the wealth of adopting European traditions begins to trickle down to the average person in Benin, many begin to change their stances on the subject of Benin's transition, and some even adopt Christian names as they begin to see the benefit of European traditions. However, the anti-Christian groups hiding in the bush continue to resist the Oba's actions, and attack many newly-built churches and villages. Rather than respond violently to the attacks, Oba Xadraque's supreme war chief, Iyase Emovon, instead responds by painting the attacks as "the devil's attempts to maintain his dark grasp on Benin", and paints the rebels as heathens attempting to keep the kingdom of God from being opened to the Edo people. He effectively rallies most Benin subjects, Christian and non-Christian, against the anti-Christian forces, limiting the number of places they can hide in, either forcing them out of Benin or drawing them out into direct confrontations. Oba Xadraque orders a census of Benin, and the Eghaevbo n’Ogbe (palace chiefs) deliver the statistics for Benin, and declare that Benin has a total population of 9.6 million individuals, pointing to the trade of foodstuffs and medicial goods with Europe as well as the expansion of the nation's borders into densely populated lands to the east as the source of the steady rise in population growth.
 * Oman continues expanding the military and economy, as the populace is now wealthier and the army now stands at 28 ships and 5,000 soldiers, and at least 10% of both consisting of slaves. Expansion continues 5 px along the North Coast and 5 px along the South. The Sultan relocated to the traditional throne of Oman: Muscat, which the Sultan plans to make the jewel of the Indian Ocean. The population continues to grow due to importation of slaves and limited amount of Shia and Ibadi refugees fleeing persecution in the Ottoman Empire and fleeing war in Persia. Infrastructure is expanded upon, with new ferry systems and maintained roads being constructed between cities.
 *  The Ottomans  send military hardware and financial support for Oman's war on the Maldives
 *  Oman's Sultan  appreciatively thanks the Ottomans.
 *  Bukhara Dip:  We would like to trade with Oman to help with their war against the Maldives.
 * Oman begins a military operation in the Persian Gulf to seize coasts, islands and ports owned by Persia, and uses the faux excuse that the local non-Sunnis must be protected from the extended war.
 * Tibet enacts several policies in response to the economic slowdown. First, with the schools of Tibetan Buddhism now united, the Dalai Lama orders a reform of Tibetan monasticism. Monasteries are consolidated and their ability to place tolls on local peasants is ended, with monks instead needing to farm their own food on monastic land. As a result, large amounts of uncultivated land return to cultivation and peasants' wealth increases significantly. Second, infrastructure is improved, with monks being ordered to labour for the community's good by building new roads to link disparate valleys and encourage commerce. In return, the Dalai Lama rewards monks with posts in the civil administration and Lhasa monastery. In Lhasa, religious debates are promoted; several Sufi mystics who believe in reincarnation, as well as Zoroastrians and Kashmiri tribal pagans, attract the Dalai Lama's interest. However, the Dalai Lama recognizes Tibet's remoteness means it needs to acquire access to major trade routes. The Tibetan army is already on the southern border with an eye to aiding Bengal; with this now unnecessary following Bengal's victory, the Kashag and Dalai Lama agree to redeploy it to a better use. Tensions have already risen with Ava over its refusal to accept the Dalai Lam's religious jurisdiction and its rulers' close ties with Arakanese Muslim rulers. In December, the Tibetan army attacks south into Ava in a surprise attack, joined by the Kachin and Chin hill tribes of the north and by Shan auxiliaries and raiders for a total of around 20,000. Although the Tibetan lords' levies are not particularly effective, the Dalai Lama is impressed by reports of his artillery's success after an Avan cavalry charge is blown to pieces; he orders more guns cast. Mongol-style light cavalry from northern Tibet spearheads the Tibetan advance, which outruns Avan mobilization, sweeping up Avan lords' forces piecemeal and enabling the Tibetan force to close on the capital city, Ava, itself.
 * Ottoman Empire: Economy and military improves in the Turkish Empire, with a total population of 12 million. Mercantile trade and caravan travelers transverse across the empire, as well as exporting and importing many commodities to many distant lands. Trade networks across the Sahara is set up with Songhai, Ethiopia and Bornu. Up across the Caucasus mountains, overland trade pours in from the Turko-Mongol Khanates as far as Bukhara. Among these travelers, an imperial envoy led by Pasha Arpad as-Saghir returns from the Ming Dynasty, bringing many incredible tales of the wonderous state of China. WIth this new trade, the Silk Road once again emerges as silk and ivory start begin pouring in to the empire through the northern Khanates, including new forms of firearms. In return for this offer, Sultan Selim sends the Emperor of China a large gift, containing many spices and perfumes, as well as copies of the Arabian Nights and the Koran. The navy is greatly strengthened, building on the impressive navy of Bayezid II years earlier. Trade continues in the Indian Ocean, including the Sultanates of Oman, Bengal, Aceh, and Demak. In light of the Muslim persecution in the Maldives, all trade is suspended from the Maldives. Admirals Aydin Reis and Iskandar Asha command the two main navies operating in eastern Mediterranean near Syria. Scouting operations on the fortifications of Kyrenia report daily. The navies of Oruc Reis and Hayreddin Barbarossa are stationed further west, protecting the Ottoman possessions in Algeria and Tunisia. Two additional fleets remain in ports in the Aegean Sea. Yazid IV continues to preside of the universal House of Islam from Medina, who reappoints the Council of the Ulema to guide him. Meanwhile, the 70,000 troops of Mehmed continue to invade Persia through Azerbaijan, with help from the forces of Georgia, while Hasan Pasha, after his great victory at Bosra, continues to invade Iran and march on Esfahan with 60,000 troops. In order to match with Persia's new strategy, an additional 20,000 troops are sent to engage with Ismail's army, including a recent form of colossal artillery piece called a "Great Bombard". Five such Great Bombards are sent with the new troops, leveling the Persian cities. The forts and fortifications in eastern Europe are continuously improved to deter invasion from Hungary. A system of universal education continues to expand across Anatolia, teaching young men the latest knowledge of science, mathematics, and literature.


 * Colony of Algiers: Governed by Aruj Barbarossa, Algiers improves its infrastructure and increases trade across the Sahara, as well as with the European nations of France and Navarre. The military stands at 12,000, with an additional 7000 on loan from the Sultan.
 * Khanate of Crimea: Ruled by Mehmed Giray, the Khanate continues to increase its overland trade. Fortifications are built up to protect them from Muscovy. The port of Sevastapol is built up to create an independent navy. Many of the Mongol princes from the Kazan Khanate come to live in Crimea to follow their natural leader. The military is greatly strengthened to protect against attack from Muscovy or Poland. Crimea invites the Khazakh Khanate to participate in the Kievan Horde
 * Hafsid Dip: We ask the Ottomans for joint naval and military training at carthage's ruins and tunis adjacent seaport


 * Moldavia: The government reforms instituted by Bogdan III the One-Eyed, the voivode of Moldavia, are complete. The state now functions more efficiently. New administrative divisions for the Moldavian Principality have been created, and taxes are collected much faster now. Infrastructure projects continue across the country. Currently we are building roads from the major cities to the smaller settlements and to the borders, in order to improve transportation and trade. Speaking of which, trade continues with other nations, including Europeans and Ottomans. Bogdan III's daughter marries Prince Phillipe of Rhodes. The army, currently at 15,000 men, remains at its posts.
 * Sweden: Without any serious Danish attempt to retake Sweden King Gustav decides to march his army south into Scania and lays siege to the Southernmost city, Malmo. The navy also moves south to cut off the city's access to the sea and to prevent any army from crossing the straits from Denmark. The king lays claim to the region of Scania in the south, the island of Gotland, and the kingdom of Norway and its colonies. Envoys are sent into Norway, offering the nobles land, titles and autonomy if the recognize Gustav as their king and join the war against Denmark. (NPC Response needed) Tariffs are raised in order to better finance the war. The port of Stockholm is expanded and more ships are built for the navy. We continue to expand our borders in northern Sweden and Finland.
 * Poland-Lithuania supports Sweden as an ally, offering them economic and political aid. Advisers are withdrawn from Denmark.
 * Ostland Diplomacy: We agree your earlier proposal for Iceland and join the war in your side against the rest of the Kalmar Union.
 * Brunswick-Lüneburg (Secret) Dip: we offer to join the fight against Denmark if Duke Heinrich is recognized as the rightful ruler of Holstein, currently a Danish feif in the Holy Roman Empire.
 * Kabulistan: Babur rides victoriously through the shattered streets of Haozdar to the main square where he declares himself the lord of all within this land, envoys from various regional powers flee the city to spread word of Babur's victory. Baluchi tribals may arrive, but they will find little in the way of Sistan warriors. Babur beheads publicly those who denied his ulimatum leaving a power vacuum in the city, Babur makes quick work assigning a governor and ruling body. Babur sends an envoy to meet any Baluchi messengers, or tribal forces that may be entering Sistan, informing them of the fall of the city and offering them what the Sista rejected. Babur extends an offer subordination to the Baluchi to sit on Babur's war council and govern their province as part of his Empire. (NPC Response Required). Satisfied that his lastest aquisition will be brought into line with the rest of his realm Babur takes to the smaller villages surrounding the city, distributing alms and supplies to the terrified denizens. Babur's faith is not shared by Sistan and many grummble, however following the implimentation of the Timurid (and previously Mongol) religious ethos, religious tolerance is proclaimed. Several leading Sista clerics are taken from Haozdar to the capital Kabul where they are installed as personal theologians to the Padshah to advise him on Shi'a matters. Upon Babur's return to Kabul he is delighted with news that while on campaign a son has been born, Abu Nasir Muhammad Hindal. This is Babur's fourth son and fourth child, the astrologers proclaim this great line of males shall like Genghis before them, spread their influence across the world. Chin Timur Khan, Babur's cousin and foremost general informs the Padshah that word has reached across the Kush of disruption in the Indian states and possibility of intrigue. Babur's ambitions, he is told, are a few year's preparation away. Babur sends word to the noble families of Multan promising them freedom to worship and self-governance as part of the Timurid Empire if they will help him seize the province. As a gesture of good will Babur sends with each envoy a large sum of gold, and this message, "This gift is but a fraction of the possibilities ahead, yet no amount of gold shall halt my horsemen. Let us be as one, or let the lessons of Haozdar be eclipsed by the torment that will descend upon Multan." (NPC Responce Required) As the year comes to a close Babur hosts his first Kurultai, a revived mongol concept in which all men of good standing and their retinues discuss the business of state, and then feast and wrestle as in days of old. Babur makes his intentions to the Kurultai clear and the chieftains renew their vows to the realm they intend to carve out of the Hindu Kush.
 * Baluchi tribes overwhelmingly reject the Kabuli proposal (RNG, 1-3)
 * Dissenters in Multan accept, and confess loyalty to Kabulistan (RNG, 1-2)/
 * Republic of Florence: In 1519, Florence remains heavily under de' Medici control. With both Pope Leo X and Lorenzo II being from the Medici family, the two nations remain closely tied with healthy relations. The nation focuses primarily on diplomatic matters, with administrative matters following closely behind. The republic focuses on creating a huge navy to rival other republics in the region and mimic their European trade empires. The republic continues to pass many laws and policies denouncing and attempting to disprove the ninety-five theses.  With Luther's new statement after the religious debate, he the government officially denounces him and bans indefinetly from entering the nation. With Ulrich Zwingli spreading evangelicalism, he is also indefinetly banned by Lorenzo II from entering the realm. Although these ideas are being widely received in Switzerland, the exclusive lumber trade between Florence and the Swiss still continue. Florence continues investing Florins into buying lumber from the Swiss to build a navy.  Florence continues to sustain alliances with Spain, Siena, Savoy, Venice, and the Papacy. Lorenzo's son, Giovanni de' Medici reaches the age of one, still being a perfectly healthy newborn. More celebrations occur throughout the republic with the birth of Contessina de' Medici on December 24.  Due to the purchase of lumber from the Swiss and the tireless expansion and focus, the Florentine Navy reaches the number of about seven hundred ships.
 * Florentine Diplomacy: Lord Lorenzo II de' Medici of Florence offers an alliance to King Manuel I of Portugal. He also asks for a betrothal between Contessina de' Medici and Manuel's five year old son, Duarte Aviz. The Florentine government also supports Charles I of Spain for the Austrian and Imperial thrones. Lorenzo meets with his uncle Pope Leo X to discuss religious matters, and also visits Spain to meet with his brother-in-law, King Charles of Spain. He also requests to the his uncle the Pope, his uncle, that his cousin, Ippolito de' Medici be made a cardinal as he already is Archbishop of Avingnon.
 * Hafsid Tunisia:   The construction of fortifications along the coasts continue, Military and navy are built up, economy is heightened Trade with the Saharan berbers continues growing, we Request the Ottoman Governor of Algiers permission to move our armies in their domain in the future as the Sultan believes it might come in handy in a future desire he wishes to fullfil.


 * ​The Ottomans agree to set up training of Ottoman and Algerian soldiers and navy near Carthage.
 * Cherokee: With the new huntings trails and the new income of food, we begin experimenting wiith administrative dealings of our tribe, seeing how to better define our bands and their hunting grounds. We also send a band of about 1500 people into the creek of north eastern alabama to kick them out of their hunting grounds and add it to ours. We have a good yield of deer and rabbit this year allowing our population to grow larger. We also send scouts eastward to find sign of large deer populations.
 * Swiss Confederacy: The economy of Switzerland continues to swell as trade diverts from Austria due to the problems in Tyrol. The Swiss offer Tyrol a place in the Swiss Confederacy, free from excessive taxes. Refugees flock to Switzerland regardless. The standing armies in many lieus expand this year. Cannons are produced this year. A trade deal with Spain is proposed, wishing to trade horses for lumber. Switzerland experiments with introducing muskets into their military, with good degrees of success in most lieus. In the meantime, Evangelicalism continues to spread in Zürich, though it has stopped spreading to the other lieus and allies of Switzerland. The Zorort of 1520 takes place in Bern this year, Switzerland offers an alliance to France, inviting their king to Bern for the negotiations, along with a generous sum of money should the French accept. They also request military alliances with Würtenburg and Bohemia. The Swiss also express interest in working with the Lowlands.
 * ​Three Leagues: The economy of the Three Leagues expands while standing armies and mercenaries are both outfitted with new weapons. Roads along Austrian and Milanese borders are planned, with the existing ones being maintained this year.
 * Valais: Roads from Savoy to Milan and Switzerland are maintained, increasing the economy of Valais. Equipment from Switzerland is sent to Valais, boosting its miltary. Mercenaries are trained in Valais, making the state even more powerful by way of military prowess.
 * Württemberger Diplomacy: We appreciate Switzerland's support for the Reformation, and agree to a ten-year military alliance treaty, renewable under mutual agreement. We engage in active trade with the Swiss, and we also request joint military training manoeuvres.
 * Grand Principality of Muscovy: Vasili III still lacking an heir divorses his barren wife and begins to hunt for a new bride potentially chosing from the Royal Famly of Ryazan or from some other nobility in Western Europe. Vasili III having continually organized his nation and gathered the Russian Lands to himself begins to implement military reforms adopted from the West via Brandenburger advisors. The first drilling sessions with the new army tactics come into place as the Muscovite forces begin to come up to a new military standard. With the promising settlement in Siberia so far its estimated that Ektarinburg has gained another 1000 people as well as a host of Cossacks who have taken up residence in the area acting as buisiness fur trappers and frontiers guardsmen. Vasili III recognizing the importance of this provides some rations to the Cossacks for their service and begins to kindle a special relationship. The majority of Russian immigration occurs in Kazan, particularly the city which has seen the previously lightly populated Russian Quarter with nearly 80,000 Russians already, many of these having come from Russian prisoners taken in raids secret or otherwise. The Grand Principality also begins to centralize further control over Kazan as it starts to play preferences to cossacks and the other nomadic peoples (to now all be labled as cossacks) by favoring those who were Christian or converted to Christianity, which many do purely to get a steady supply of food. This preferential treatment starts a divide and conquer process which shows serious success in disrupting the Cossacks unity in favor of falling in with Muscovy. Parties headed east continue to expand as more siberian territory falls under Russian influence (400 px). The Grand Prince continues to promote new policies on eastern settlement, and specifically calls out to direct people towards Ektarinburg. A few trade ships are launched in the White sea and Baltic sea areas being based off of a new fur trading company in Novgorod.
 * Principality of Ryazan: With the further centralization of the Muscovite principality the people of Ryazan particularly the prince agree to annexation by 1525 into Moscow. In the mean time, Ryazan drills with the russian army to keep its military up to par with Muscovy for its integration. A String of forts continue to be manned guarding against the Tartar Crimeans to the south
 * Duchy of Lesser Kazan: While seeing some resettlement to the north, the horde lifestyle of Lesser Kazan turns into a crowded one as many people from Kazan proper immigrated to the rump Kazani state east. Unable to casually hold so many people in such a small territory the Hordesman fight eachother and nearly 15,000 people are killed before the local Muscovite garrison was able to prevent any further massacre. The Muscovite general hoping to keep the peace, keeps his army on high alert as he begins to work on improving fortifications and infrastructure towards the city of Kazan.
 * Ryazan to be Russian in over 425 years? Wow. What an agreement.
 * Good lord, thanks for catching that typo -Feud
 * Bohemia: We continue to build buildings and though we could stop the construction of fortifications to avoid the border clash with Bavaria. Although the alliances of Swiss Confederacy will be though accepted, since we still recruit more Bohemian troops through 1520. The military will expect more construction, while the alliance with Poland-Lithuania sented us, we wish to work on more relations in Europe. King of Bohemia, says that Bohemia should not invade Bavaria, which it could cause in a massive breach of war.
 * Poland-Lithuania offers Bohemia support against any aggression, in return for a firm alliance and trade agreement. This move would prove beneficial to both nations.
 * Aztec Empire: With the plague killing the beloved emperor despite centuries of Aztec faith in the gods, as well as the death of thousands of our citizens, many Aztecs start to question the authority of the priest and the religion itself, causing slight unrest in Teotihuacan. The new emperor proclaims the state as above all, including religion, earning the ire of the powerful priests. Emperor Maxatan issues reforms attempting to federalize the Aztec Empire, with each tribe's territory forming the basis of a 'state', in the basest form. The emperor attempts to reach out to all the neighboring tribes in the region, as an attempt to unify all the people of the Mexican valley as one. In the meantime, agriculture becomes much more efficient as lakes and rivers can now house floating gardens to suit our food requirements. Tress are cut down to provide housing for the Empire. The military expands, but retains the advancement system, where one can be a 'jaguar' and become an 'eagle' after sufficient training and experience. Every family with a minimum number of four must send one of its members to the military for a year's worth of training. After that, the member would have to go home and be replaced by another member. We construct centers of learning for the citizens.
 * Papal States: The Papacy starts working among its subjects to bring them closer to God through the Eucharist and the Blood of Christ. Plans to also spread the gospel throughout the Papcy are implemented, with more masses being offered to lowly peasants to help save their lonely souls. Leo X also calls onto those who will honor the Papacy with indulgences, for a small fee. Martin Luther is labeled a heretic and excommunicated from the Roman Catholic Church. All those that find Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses intriguing or as a correct way to reform the religion will be sought out and brought to Rome for questioning. The King of Württermburg is excommunicated, and is called upon by fellow devout Catholics to destroy the heretical kingdom. Pope Leo X celebrates the fact that the king of Benin converted to the Catholic Church, and says in a speech "God is on our side. The pagans are now waking up to the true glory of our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ.". Pope Leo X continues vassalizing Siena, hoping to bring it closer to the Pope and God. Meanwhile, the Papacy, seeing that the Knights of Rhodes have converted, are considering an occpuation of the island to restore religious order. Ulrich Zwingel is also wanted to be rounded up to be questioned about his reforms.
 * Duchy of Milan: After no news from diplomats in Genoa, The Duke begins to increase military action on the border with Genoa. Diplomats are sent to Austria, France and Savoy to discuss further action. Grumblings occur in Parma and Milan over the unstable relationship with Genoa and links are made to the Lutheran ideas. In order to put a halt to the situation, The Duke decides to make it known of his intention to find a Duchess and invites foreign diplomats to Milan in order to find one. To continue the economic and cultural improvements the Margravate of Mantua is placed under the influence of Milan, The Duke believing it to unlock great wealth for both regions.
 * Spain: More ships are sent to Hispaniola so we can stop the rebellions. About 500 rebels are captured in our colonies and put to work harder than before. In the home nation, we continue to capture Predestine rebels going against the Catholic church. The military asks for more recruits. The roads get repaved so that everything is new and smooth. The military sees an advantage of the sick native Americans and attacks them. We declare war on the Aztec and the tribes by OTL new Orleans. About 300 ships are sent to each area to take over their territory. Charles gets pissed, because he and his brother the Archduke of Austria both want the head seat of the Habsburg family. The King also is getting restless in finding a princess to marry, this search has been three years with no results happening. Since most of our military is off in our colonies, the King uses extra protection from his personal guards when leaving his castle to go outside.
 * Hispaniola: On the island, we continue to explore the inland forests. Along the coast of the island port cities are still developing. More ships are being built, so that we can send all the resources found on the island can be used by people in our home nation. Our troops try to work with the natives by trading with them to show that they are not taking advantage of the natives helping the colonists. Farms are beginning to get bigger with each year of planting. Monasteries are continuing to be built to convert the natives of the land to Christianity.
 * Cuba: On the island, we continue to explore the inland forests. Along the coast of the island port cities are still developing. More ships are being built, so that we can send all the resources found on the island can be used by people in our home nation. Our troops try to work with the natives by trading with them to show that they are not taking advantage of the natives helping the colonists. Farms are beginning to get bigger with each year of planting. Monasteries are continuing to be built to convert the natives of the land to Christianity.
 * Bahamas: Along the coast of the island port cities are still developing. More ships are being built, so that we can send all the resources found on the island can be used by people in our home nation. Our troops try to work with the natives by trading with them to show that they are not taking advantage of the natives helping the colonists. Farms are beginning to get bigger with each year of planting. Monasteries are continuing to be built to convert the natives of the land to Christian.
 * Jamaica: Along the coast of the island port cities are still developing. More ships are being built, so that we can send all the resources found on the island can be used by people in our home nation. Our troops try to work with the natives by trading with them to show that they are not taking advantage of the natives helping the colonists. Farms are beginning to get bigger with each year of planting. Monasteries are continuing to be built to convert the natives of the land to Christian.
 * Puerto Rico: Along the coast of the island port cities are still developing. More ships are being built, so that we can send all the resources found on the island can be used by people in our home nation. Our troops try to work with the natives by trading with them to show that they are not taking advantage of the natives helping the colonists. Farms are beginning to get bigger with each year of planting. Monasteries are continuing to be built to convert the natives of the land to Christianity.
 * Kingdom of Naples: To the north we still closeour borders to everyone. Outpost are continuing to be made to the north, so that troops with firearms can attack invaders to the land from a distance. Farming continues to go well in the nation. More ships are being built for trade purposes.
 * Kingdom of Sicily: Farming is doing fine within the nation. More ships are being built for trading purposes.
 * Siena: We denounce Martin Luther. We ask France to guarantee our independence. We go around Europe creating the Inquisition to defeat the Lutherans. We ask for forces from Catholic nations to help in this effort.
 * Siena: We denounce Martin Luther. We ask France to guarantee our independence. We go around Europe creating the Inquisition to defeat the Lutherans. We ask for forces from Catholic nations to help in this effort.


 * Kingdom of Hungary: The Kingdom of Hungary is celebrating its one year anniversary of the new ruler of Louis II of the Jagiellon Dynasty. The Kingdom of Hungary focuses in on its administrative mission statement to help further trade from the influx and increase in trade in Eastern Europe as well as help maintain its alliances. With one of the largest standing armies in Europe, with 35,000 armed soldiers in the borders, the Hungarians put the military maintenance on the top tier to maintain but improve the army, bumping their size to 40,000. The Hungarians agree to the Ottomans seven year peace treaty. There's a growing of Martin Luther's teachings among some of the nobility, due to the diplomats and traders coming from Northern Europe. The years of laying claim to the lands close to Hungary in the hands of the Venetians comes to a head. Louis II declares war on Venice and calls upon its many allies to aid in its conquest to help it in its reclamation of historic Hungarian lands
 * ​Taking advantage of the Venetian War with Hungary, Sultan Selim I decides to put his improved navy to the test. The fleet of under Aydin Reis, containing 45 galleys, 23 galliots, and eight frigates, convoys 40,000 troops from Damietta to Lepanto, on the south side of Cyprus, who then march inland to lay seige to Nicosia. These troops include 800 Janissaries, 800 Sipahi cavalry, 5000 Azap archers, and three Great Bombards. After the landing, the frigates circle around the island and begin bombarding the Castle of Kyrenia in the north, using a line of seven galliots as cover. Meanwhile, the two fleets in the Aegean moves in to blockade the coast of the Peloponese, cutting off Crete and Cyprus from Venetian control.
 * 10,000 Polish and Lithuanian troops are sent to aid Hungery, but the King is uneasy over recent Ottoman aggression in Cyprus. Several nobles suggest an attack now upon the Crimea, with the Ottomans distracted by two different wars, but the King is still unsure.
 * Accepting the call to arms, Duke Alfonso d'Este personally leads the armies of Ferrara to attack Venice.
 * After the Sultan Selim falls gravely ill, the Ottomans withdraw from the war, signing the Treaty of Lesbos with Venice
 * Duchy of Ferrara: Duke Alfonso d'Este continues funneling money into the patronization of many Ferraresi artists and writers. The universities in Ferrara, Modena, and Reggio Emilia continue to swell with students from all places in Europe. Administrative improvements across the realm continues to increase the amount of money that flows into the state's coffers. The Duke continues to emphasize trading with Genoa over Venice. War is declared upon Venice, with Duke Alfonso d'Este himself leading the armies of Ferrara to attack Venice.
 * England:  In England, King Henry unveils his ten-year plan to take over Ireland which will culminate in his ascension to the position of King of Ireland. Meanwhile, he continues to focus on the continent with keen interest. England seeks to repair relations with France. Despite the king's best efforts, there seems to be a number of people embracing Luther's heresy. The king's advisers are split on how best to handle this, so the king decides to ignore it for time being. At the end of the year, the queen becomes pregnant again.
 * Sultanate of Delhi: Economy, infrastructure and military improve. Continues training more soldiers and cavalries, and more cannons are made. Population continues to grow very fast. More residential buildings, cultural and public buildings, commercial buildings, militaristic buildings and mining plants are built. Roads and farms are built or improved and cities continue to grow. Education is improved and more educational buildings are built. Continues fortifying its borders by building new fortresses and armies are placed in fortresses. Primary focus on militaristic and secondary focus on administrative continues reaching. Delhi finishes their invasion war on Bikaner and is now annexed into the Sultanate. Vijayanagara is now ally of the Sultanate, asking Gujarat, Gajapatis and Seistan for alliance, as well as trade arrangements with all Indian states are accepted. Asks Multan to join the growing Sultanate or being invaded.
 * Kabuli Diplomacy: The envoys to Seistan find the province now part of Timurid Kabulistan, loyalists in Multan have informed the Padshah of Delhi's ultimatum to Multan and warns Dehli that if they encroach upon an ally of Kabul they will face them as well.
 * France:' Angered by the completely unprovoked attack on an ally, Venice, the Kingdom of France calls for a partial mobilization of the military. 50,000 troops are sent on their way, and 25,000 more are called up. France calls on its many allies to defend Venice from the unprovoked aggression of Hungary and the Ottomans.
 * Poland declares war upon France, citing that Hungary has perfectly legal claim on Venetian land. The military is fully mobilised.
 * Nogai Horde: With no response recieved about them jining the Kievan Horde, we resume our plans and invade the Astrakhanate. Civil unrest continues to increase to dangerous levels following this invasion, due to the implication of more migration. With Sibir, us and the Crimea Khanate in the Kievan Horde, we send a "diplomat" to Kiev for the first meeting(begin making resolutions). We propose the first resolution, to counter Moscw and their aggression. After disliking the migration, some in the horde support creating a confederation.
 * Angu: Namton A'fao, leading his people whilst exploring, comes into contact with the Kâte people whose language he finds interesting and attempts to establish relations with them. Angu continues vassalization of Zia (3/5) by sending more gifts and strengthening the relations. Namton A'fao Koito's interest in the way the Angu produce clothing rises for now unexplicable reasons.
 * Songhai Empire: We keep building up Islamic principles with limited actual Mosque building work but heavy teaching of the faith as well as incorporating a regional part of Islam specific to a Songhai identity. While at the same time we construct a number of irrigation canals throughout the country to encourage better agriculture. We reorganize the tax system with tax inspectors who answer directely to the Emperor to give back an accurate reporting using the new weight system and currency which made of single coins with the royal seal impressed upon it and is made of gold which is roughly eight karats. We send explorers north to explore North Africa and bring back knowledge for the Empire to use. Our forces push ever further into the Jolof Empire with the army led personally by Askia the Great.
 * Venice: The Venetian Arsenal continues to expand. Production in the Arsenal is increased to create more deep water galleons for out of the mediterranean trade and exploration. The edition of the 100 slaves from Benin leads to more of a production leads to a spike in ship production. Venetian ships are offered up for sale. Experimentation of heavy artillery begins in the Arsenal, with more accurate guns hoped to be used against pirates in the Mediterranean. The purpose is to provide a more accurate and farther ranging gun. They begin to establish certain artillery classes to distinguish one gun from another and there purpose. Venetian interior traders encounter a Nuremberg man by the name August Koetter. He is a pioneer in the field of rifling. The traders impressed by the accuracy and speed of his guns buy two. The guns are then shown and sold to the doge who proposes to experiment more with "groves". OTL Venetian trade routes are continued, with ships landing in Tripoli, Alexandria, the Levant, Tunis, Naples, the Black Sea, Barcelona and Marseille. Slaves continue to be bought from Benin for distribution as workers and servants throughout Europe. To expand Atlantic trade the Doge and other Venetian noble families establish the Venetian Atlantic trading company~veneziana società commerciale Altlantic. A strong condemnation of the blasphemous heretic Luther is sent out, him and any other heretic are banned from entering the country. Current heretics living inside Venice are deported. Ties deepen with France. Troops are placed on the Venetian-Hungary and the Venetian-Ferrera border. Ventian boats begin a bombardment of Ferrera and Hungary.
 * Florence joins their ally, Venice in the Hungaro-Venetian War.
 * Genoa:  "The time for war has come" declares the Doge. We join our ally, The Dutchy of Ferrara, against Venice in the Hungaro-Venetian War and we deploy a navy of 100 galleys, 50 galliets, and 10 frigrates, first from Genoa, next to Porto Vecchio, and then the navy swiftly moves into the Adriatic Sea to blockade Venetian ships from leaving or entering while the Ottomans are cutting off Venice in Cyprus and Crete and elsewhere. Our land forces are  mobolize also biseige the Venetian port of Split with the Genoese navy and 10,000 troops.  We also put 10,000 troops on the Genoese-Florencian border and we request our ally Spain to join the war. Meanwhile we heavily trade with Spain and the Ottomans, intercepting Venetian ships that trade in Alexandria. We also establish Catholic monastaries in Corsica to reeducate the Protestestants and appologize for the diplomatic incident with Milan and punish the diplomats responsible and we seek to repair relations with Milan.
 * Saxony continues to develop at the heart of the Holy Roman Empire and Evangelical movement. More will come dependent upon the Imperial Election results.

1521
WAR UPDATE: OTTOMANS, Bukhara, OMANIANS CRUSH PERSIA/SPAIN CRUSHES AZTECS, CHINESE CRUSH TRIBES, TIMURID EMPIRE CONQUERS SISTAN, DELHI AND SONGHAI ON THE VERGE OF VICTORY, VENICE CRUSHES INVADERS  NOTE: The ecclesiastical movement founded by Martin Luther and based in his Ninety-Five Theses is properly referred to as Evangelical, not Protestant or Lutheran.

A Frenchman named Jean de Nice returns to France after succesfully circumnavigating the globe, and he brings with him great tales.

'''Another plague devastates native tribes in the New World, this time striking the Mississippi region, devastating the Cherokee, Creek, Muskogee, Sauk, Fox, and Iroquois, among other groups. Technological developments begin to percolate to these groups, most notably escaped horses, which are eagerly adopted by several plains tribes.'''

'''The new Principality of Rhodes suffers an economic collapse as it no longer enjoys the vast revenues of the Hospitaller Order, which fall into Papal hands, or the remittances and donations of thousands of nobles who had previously supported it. Maintaining its large military becomes increasingly difficult. '''

'''Discontent grows among the local Cypriots and Cretans on the two newly Ottoman islands, which fear and distrust their Muslim rulers. Some attacks against Ottoman officials occur.'''

''' The Maldives' army manages to regain a fair portion of lost territory, as the Muslim revolters have no outside support and the King's new more moderate stance drives fewer recruits. However, many imams on the island continue to preach of overthrow. '''

More later, maybe
 * Rhodes:Prince Philippe I, who at first though about attacking Cyprus to gain more lands while the Venetians were occupied, must forget the idea, as the collapse of the economy is a more urgent matter. He try to appease his population, trying to convince the population that everything will be good soon enough. However, the Principality is not able to keep all its men, and the Prince is forced to reduce the troops from 10,000 to a mere 6,000. He then pass most of the year with his steward. working on a more effective way to tax the population and produce enough good to sustain the island. Another objective, less important than the taxation, is to boost the trade power of Rhodes in the region. The Prince especially hope people will see the island as the only trade post for those who do not which to pass through the Merchant Republics. Finally, he ask for financial help to both Moldavia and Württemberg, promising to send his ships and troops in their next war should they help Rhodes.
 * Württemberger diplomacy: We offer to alleviate Rhodes' economic and budget problems by effecting a transfer of part of Rhodes' military assets to joint Rhodes-Württemberger control. Under this proposed agreement all Rhodes-Württemberger units would continue to be under the command of the Prince's government, but would be funded by the King and orders from the Kingdom would take priority over those of the Prince. The King would however be obligated to ensure any orders given by him would not threaten the independence of Rhodes.
 * Rhodes Dip: Prince Philippe I reluctantly accept the offer.
 * Rhodes (OOC): The way I understood the deal, it is that I technically keep my troops, but should their be war I'm force to obey your orders over my own. Correct me someone if I'm wrong, so I can change my answer accordingly.
 * Württemberg OOC: Oh no, I never intended to sound like I wanted to vassalise Rhodes. I will change the text of the request to make it less ambiguous.
 * Bukhara: Economy and military improves in the Bukhara Empire, Mercantile trade and caravan travelers transverse across the state, as well as exporting and importing many commodities to many distant lands. We begin to work on urbanize Bukhara by have spending artiest and other important people to the city.Bukhara begins to work on Urbanize by making roads and major cities across the sate and sending people to Major cities across the land. We begin to fertilize our land and begin framing,we begin to also do this in Persia. Men between 18- 37 are forced into the army and are trained for war. We begin to mobilize our armies using mongol horse back and turkish battle tactics pushing into Persia (of 20,000) aiming for the cities of Merv,Nishabur, and Herat killing and slaying enemies on horse back or using huge human wave attacks for anyone opposing us,where their heads are chopped off and placed in one mass grave, with Kochkunju Muhammad bin Abul-Khayr Khan leading his men. Children 13 -18 are thought how to fight for the nation and ones with a bright future are brought to better military schools to be train as Shock troops for four more years. We send 40,000 more troops to the Persian front, and beseige the citites of Merv and Nishabur (with 20,000 troops), with no Persian military action we begin to occupy cities in the Kavir Desert and begin to send an army of 20,000 to Damavand riding on horse back.20,000 more troops are send to the Persian front. We begin to use Kavir desert as a FOB after seeing victories. We begin to re-send troops on their way to Damavand to Isfahan (Persia capital) along with the 10,000 new troops. Kochkunju declare that god is on our side. We begin to rush the cities of Merv and Nishabur. We lay sleigh to Isfahan with 30,000 troops,We demand Persia to give up or the city of Isfahan will burn. seeing the victory over Persia we begin to draw out maps for Persia 
 * Kabulistan: Babur relents and leaves the Baluchi tribes to their own affairs as he solidifies his control on Sistan. News reaches Kabul of the Delhi threat to invade Multan, the loyalists who pledged themselves to Babur call upon him to keep Multan from the grasp of the aggressor. Fresh from their celebrations the armies of Kabul march towards the Khyber Pass. An envoy is sent ahead to Multan, the messenger tells the leadership of the capital that Babur has grain and supplies for an inevitable siege at the hands of Delhi. Babur promises to defend Multan but appeals to those who did not pledge their loyalty to do so now and allow Multan to come under the protection of the Timurid Empire. Babur leans on the Princes in his service to try to make the city's keepers see sense, or if possible to use their own influence to consent. Babur preaches again about the freedoms his empire will bring, and the fate that might befall them under the insane Delhi Sultan who changes his nation's faith on a whim. No matter their responce Babur ensures Multan that he will defend their city against Delhi aggression. (NPC Responce Required). Kabul sends a replica bronze cannon to the leader of Bengal as a sign of friendship, however the envoy accompanying it informs Bengal of the situation across the sub-continent. Envoys then go beyond Begal into Tibet to convey the Padshah's friendship to the Dalai Lama and despite their difference in faith, pledges not to surpress Buddhism within his borders. As the armies wait, ready to aid Multan, Babur decides to use the image of an opressive Sultan in Delhi to attempt to convince his former allies Sindh (in which Babur had spent a part of his youth) to join the growing Empire. Babur's message to Sindh invokes the senseless conquest of Bikaner and the risk to them should Multan fall. (NPC Responce Required.) Drawn into a conflict he did not forsee for a decade, Babur prepares to unite both Indian and Afghan under a single power and to defend the ideals it holds.
 * Duchy of Lorraine: Duke Antoine remains neutral on the topic of Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses, however, secretly agrees with them. However, his public neutrality causing division between Catholic and Lutherans in the country and religious tensions. Despite the divide in religion the duchy is strong. In attempt to defend against growing worries of Hapsburg Imperialism the army recruits 500 hundred able bodied men and opens a school for training young men in military affairs.In attempt to expand its economy Lorraine proposes a trade agreement with Saxony Milan and Württemberg.
 * Württemberger Diplomacy: We agree to the establishment of a trade agreement.
 * Württemberg: The Württemberger government begins secretly drafting plans to expand into the south, with the aim to ultimately create a seaport for the Kingdom. The Kingdom, now officially Evangelical, closes all churches which still stubbornly adhere to the Catholic faith, and detain priests who refuse to convert.
 * Ottoman Empire:  Economy and military improves in the Turkish Empire, with a total population of 12 million. Sultan Selim I dies of his illness, and is succeeded by his very young and percocious son, Suleiman.  Suleiman declares that his father was a fool for having been so leneant to the Ahl Al-Kitaab, and withdraws many of his agreements in the Mediterranean. 7000 troops are deployed with 40 galleys and two frigates to take the city of Rhodes . Mercantile trade and caravan travelers transverse across the empire, as well as exporting and importing many commodities to many distant lands. Trade networks across the Sahara is set up with Songhai, Ethiopia and Bornu. Up across the Caucasus mountains, overland trade pours in from the Turko-Mongol Khanates as far as Bukhara. With this new trade from China, the Silk Road once again emerges as silk and ivory start begin pouring in to the empire through the northern Khanates, including new forms of firearms.   The navy is greatly strengthened, building on the impressive navy of Bayezid II years earlier. Trade continues in the Indian Ocean, including the Sultanates of Oman, Bengal, Aceh, and Demak.  In light of the Muslim persecution in the Maldives, all trade is suspended from the Maldives.  Admirals Aydin Reis and Iskandar Asha command the two main navies operating in eastern Mediterranean near Syria.  with the end of the Ottoman-Persian War, the majority of the troops formally in Persia are redeployed to manage the vassals in Europe, filling the regions of Moldova, Romania, and Wallachia with a total of 80,000 troops on the Hungarian border.  The navies of Oruc Reis and Hayreddin Barbarossa are stationed further west, protecting the Ottoman possessions in Algeria and Tunisia. Two additional fleets remain in ports in the Aegean Sea. Yazid IV continues to preside of the universal House of Islam from Medina, who reappoints the Council of the Ulema to guide him.   The forts and fortifications in eastern Europe are continuously improved to deter invasion from Hungary. A system of universal education continues to expand across Anatolia, teaching young men the latest knowledge of science, mathematics, and literature.  The General Mahmood Riza sends a military expedition of 1,500 men into Georgia, declaring that he would support Bodgan III as ruler of the Georgians if he permits the prosylatizing of Islam in the region, and establish a Mosque in the capital.
 * Colony of Algiers: Governed by Aruj Barbarossa, Algiers improves its infrastructure and increases trade across the Sahara, as well as with the European nations of France and Navarre. The military stands at 12,000, with an additional 7000 on loan from the Sultan.
 * Khanate of Crimea: Ruled by Mehmed Giray, the Khanate continues to increase its overland trade. Fortifications are built up to protect them from Muscovy. The port of Sevastapol is built up to create an independent navy. Many of the Mongol princes from the Kazan Khanate come to live in Crimea to follow their natural leader. The military is greatly strengthened to protect against attack from Muscovy or Poland. Crimea invites the Khazakh Khanate to participate in the Kievan Horde
 * Wilayet of Mesopotamia: After the fall of Esfahan to the Ottomans and Mongols, the Sultanate annexes the region of greater Mesopotamia from the Persian Gulf to the Caspien Sea. Mehmed Hasan Pasha, entering the city, uncovered the Sword of Rostam, which he presented to the Sultan. The Sultan proclaimed Hasan with a new title: Iskandar Akbar Thanee (The Second Alexander the Great) and appointed him the governor of the region. A port is constructed in the Kuwait region. The city of Baghdad begins reconstruction, as it has not been repaired since the time of the Il-Khanate. The religion of the area is proclaimed as Sunni once again, and all those still aligning with the Rejectors are deported to Oman. Over 1300 families are forced to leave. 
 * Wilayet of Cyprus and Crete: The 40,000 soldiers who volunteered to invade these islands are freely given tracks of land to settle in. All the French and Venetian military stationed in these islands are forced to leave and return to their country. The Sultan institutes the Millet System in these islands, allowing the Orthodox communities to govern themselves, after they had been supressed by Catholics for so many years. The Jizya tax is imposed, but made lighter than the rest of the Empire.
 * Poland-Lithuaina continues its military build up, building several modern weapons, and researching all new tactics in modern warfare. Now formally at war with France and Venice in support of Hungary, Poland-Lithuania begins deploying large amounts of men to aid the Hungarians, while also watching the Ottomans carefully. 100,000 men remain in Poland and Lithuania to guard against attack. Poland acts only to help an ally. It has no interest in acquiring land from the war.


 * Papal States: The Papacy starts working among its subjects to bring them closer to God through the Eucharist and the Blood of Christ. Plans to also spread the gospel throughout the Papcy are implemented, with more masses being offered to lowly peasants to help save their lonely souls. Leo X also calls onto those who will honor the Papacy with indulgences, for a small fee. Martin Luther is labeled a heretic and excommunicated from the Roman Catholic Church. All those that find Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses intriguing or as a correct way to reform the religion will be sought out and brought to Rome for questioning. Prince Phillipe I is excommunicated from the Catholic Church. Pope Leo X celebrates the fact that the king of Benin converted to the Catholic Church, and says in a speech "God is on our side. The pagans are now waking up to the true glory of our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ.". Pope Leo X continues vassalizing Siena, hoping to bring it closer to the Pope and God. Meanwhile, the Papacy, seeing that the Knights of Rhodes have converted, are considering an occupation of the island to restore religious order. Ulrich Zwingel is also wanted to be rounded up to be questioned about his reforms.
 * Württemberg Dip: We wish to inform the Papal States that we have accelerated our military development and growth and have stationed several units in Rhodes in defence of the religious and political independence of Prince Philippe and his realm against the selfish and ungodly advances of the Papacy.
 * Vijayanagara: Vijayanagara looks for allies in the Indian subcontinent, especially Hindu countries. We do, however, ask Kabul and Bengal for secretive non-aggression pacts and possible collaboration and trade. Furthermore, we declare war on and invade Bijapur, hoping to grow our country and convert Bijapur from Islam to Hinduism, and to gain ports in the Arabian sea. Finally, we focus on the internal reforms of codifying and wiritng down our law, devloping a strong police force, and having a small tax on certain castes. Our economy is very based on agriculture, and our king is Naagpar I.
 * Siena: We stop the Pope from trying to annex us as we want to be independent. We declare war on Ferrera to help Venice and there allies. we send 18 ships over to help Venice's fleet bombard Ferrera and Hungary. We send 6 thousand men with General Enzo De Siena leads the army.
 * Republic of Florence:  In 1519, Florence remains heavily under de' Medici control. With both Pope Leo X and Lorenzo II being from the Medici family, the two nations remain closely tied with healthy relations. The nation focuses primarily on diplomatic matters, with administrative matters following closely behind. The republic focuses on creating a huge navy to rival other republics in the region and mimic their European trade empires. The republic continues to pass many laws and policies denouncing and attempting to disprove the ninety-five theses.  With Luther's new statement after the religious debate, he the government officially denounces him and bans indefinitely from entering the nation. With Ulrich Zwingli spreading evangelicalism, he is also indefinitely banned by Lorenzo II from entering the realm. Although these ideas are being widely received in Switzerland, the exclusive lumber trade between Florence and the Swiss still continue. Florence continues investing Florins into buying lumber from the Swiss to build a navy.  Florence continues to sustain alliances with Spain, Siena, Savoy, Venice, and the Papacy. Lorenzo's son, Giovanni de' Medici reaches the age of two, and Contessina turns one, both still being healthy children. Lady Eleanor is declared to be pregnant with yet another child.  Due to the purchase of lumber from the Swiss and the tireless expansion and focus, the Florentine Navy reaches the number of about eight hundred ships. With war declared on the Republic of Genoa, the main front near the city of Lucca is garrisoned with a small amount of defensive troops under Giovanni dalle Bande Nere Medici, supported by number of Coalition forces. Garrisoned on the northern Ferraran border sits a small amount of troops under Malatesta II Baglioni, who are also supported by a larger coalition force outside of Modena. While Genoa is occupied blockading Venetian Dalmatia, the slightly smaller sized and growing Florentine navy gets its first naval experience by transporting a large amount of Florentine soldiers and mercenaries to Corsica under the fierce Franscesco Ferruccio. The main force lands in Bastia, while a smaller force lands in Bonifacio. Quickly an effective blockade is set up to beleagre the island. The island is swiftly taken by the overwhelming force of most of the Florentine army, and the army sets up defensive positions along the coast.


 * Florentine Diplomacy: Lord Lorenzo II de' Medici of Florence offers an alliance to King Manuel I of Portugal. He also asks for a betrothal between Contessina de' Medici and Manuel's six year old son, Duarte Aviz. The Florentine government also supports Charles I of Spain for the Austrian and Imperial thrones. He also requests to the his uncle the Pope Leo X, that his cousin, Ippolito de' Medici be made a cardinal as he already is Archbishop of Avingnon.
 * Oman continues its military expansion, especially the land army now that the sultanate has managed to acquisition signifacant coastal lands from Persia (more later).
 * Benin: The Oba continues his program of modernizing Benin, bringing in more European instructors and teachers, providing them with extensive support be it economic, military, and industrial, giving them access to new schools and churches being constructed throughout the empire. Using the new road network, Oba Xadreque is able to quickly transfer the needed goods and personnel to the locations the European instructors are operating, hastening the modernization of Benin wherever needed. The first printing press in Benin is opened in the capital city of Edo, set up in the palace of the Oba. It is used to propagate the laws and decrees of the Oba, as well as print out literature the Oba and the Roman Catholic Church deem to be vital to the development of the nation. As the first printing press is built in Benin, many of the traders and nobles in the country move to reading and writing as hobbies, a trend that the Oba hopes will take with the rest of the people in Benin. However, for the time being, the majority of the new readers in Benin belong to the upper class of the empire, and the growing middle class of merchants, traders, and artisans operating out of the growing cities of Benin. Benin is expanded by 150 px to the east, with the routine process of capturing and enslaving all inhabitants save the women in the land, and selling them off to the Europeans in Eko (previously Onim). The tons of gold and silver filling the coffers of the empire are put to use in developing the industrial capabilities of the nation, with the two industrial complexes in Edo and Eko still under construction to meet the needs of the Benin state. The shipyard in Eko nears completion thanks to the assistance of the Portuguese, Genoese, and Venetian instructors, who continue to train the Edo people in the construction, sailing, and maintenance of ships. The first small vessels are now under construction in Eko, where it is hoped Benin will begin to build its own ships and take part in the global trading network. Benin sells another hundred slaves to Venice for two thousand zuruoke. The hand of the Roman Catholic Church is strengthened in Benin as more priests arrive to spread the word of Christ in the land. Traditional beliefs are thrown to the side as more and more Edo people seek to follow the lead of their spiritual and temporal head, the Oba, converting to Christianity as he did. As time passes, more and more of the syncretic systems brought into the church in Benin are removed, brning Benin more and more in line with the traditional teachings in Rome. With these efforts, Benin hopes that the Pope will look favorably upon it, and view the nation as one following the pure teachings of the Christ. In Europe, the nobles sent to the continent by Oba Xadreque begin to send back reports of their studies in Portugal and Venice. They write of the arts, music, ways of war, traditions, customs, and cuisine of the European states, and more importantly, give insight into the way of life of the Europeans. With this knowledge, many of members of the Uzama imperial council and the Oba himself, see a more pressing need to modernize. While the knowledge of European culture is absolutely vital to the development of Benin as a modern state, the wars and squabbles of the continent concern many nobles in Benin. It is known that that continent is densely-populated, home to hundreds of states, hungry for war, and in need of resources to support itself. While it was long known in Benin the fact that the Europeans were expansive, the knowledge of the extent of the Europeans imperial ambitions have horrified the Oba. He now understands that the majority of Europeans do not consider him their equal, nor do they look kindly upon the African people. Though they will accept their nobles as gold knows no race, the Europeans will not accept Benin as an equal partner, something that deeply angers Xadraque. While he and his court remain committed to the development of Benin, they now do so as a means of survival. Swords and spears do not stop bullets. Gods and curses will not sink ships. For this reason, Benin must evolve to meet the challenges of the wider world, and Xadraque only thanks God the Europeans arrived when they did. Only time will tell if Benin will survive. For the time being, this knowledge is restricted solely to the Oba and the seven members of the Uzama, and the Oba is keen to warn that nothing of this matter shall be known to the Europeans, lest they react violently.
 * Joseon: The massive reformation program continues as King Jungjong and the rest of the imperial government seeks to establish a self-reliant, powerful Korea capable of projecting hard power outside its borders. The government continues to promote obedience to the state through Neo-Confucianism, which is the state’s official ideology. In addition to this, the government continues to promote academic achievement, innovation, artistry and Korean nationalism. Laws against any type of discrimination are implemented and tolerance/equality is mentioned by the government as an integral part of Korean society. Ideas such as sexism, male chauvinism, racism, and homophobia are banned and supporters of said ideas are persecuted and faced with dire penalties. The ability to read and write in Hangul is continued to be taught to all Koreans between the age of four and forty. The use of Hanja, borrowed Chinese symbols, is heavily discouraged and is banned in formal situations. Following the abolition of the bone rank system, the financial assets of many rich aristocratic families are seized and redistributed among the poor. The production of paper bills is restricted to prevent hyperinflation, and external trade is limited to stopping a possible outflow of precious metals and an inflow of potentially dangerous foreign ideals. An increase in the production of gunpowder weapons continues and Korean scientists continue to flirt with the prospect of weaponised fireworks. Compulsory military service is enacted for all able-bodied men (excluding members of the government).
 * Sultanate of Delhi: Economy, infrastructure and military improve. Continues training more soldiers and cavalries, and more cannons are made. Population continues to grow very fast. More residential buildings, cultural and public buildings, commercial buildings, militaristic buildings and mining plants are built. Roads and farms are built or improved and cities continue to grow. Education is improved and more educational buildings are built. Continues fortifying its borders by building new fortresses and armies are placed in fortresses. Primary focus on militaristic and secondary focus on administrative continues reaching. Delhi cancels it's last request to Multan because of growing threat from Kabulistan. Now asks Kashmir to join the growing Sultanate or being invaded. Gujarat and Gajapatis are now new allies of the Sultanate and asks Bukhara for both alliance and trade agreement.
 * Tibet completes its conquest of Ava, with the city falling as the Tibetan artillery smashes down the city's walls. Ava's uninvolved nobles submit; the Dalai Lama takes their children, and the entire Avan royal family, back to Lhasa, where the children will be educated and the royal family held hostage. Two of the King's daughters are wed to Tibetan nobles; the rest is swiftly and quietly disposed of. In Ava, nobles who fought for the King are dispossessed; Tibetan soldiers and nobles are granted their former lands. The civilian administration is replaced by new people hired from the local population and Tibetans; Tibetan becomes the sole administrative and liturgical language, with the Dalai Lama exchanging most of the Avan monks for Tibetan ones and placing the Avan ones in the northern desert or in the new monasteries in Mongolia. Meanwhile, former Avan royal lands and those of the dispossessed nobles are offered for Tibetan settlement, with thousands of second and third sons, rejected monks, and others pouring south to settle. With Delhi's threats to Kashmir, with a large Buddhist population, the Dalai Lama expresses his support for Kabulistan and accepts thousands of fleeing Kashmiri Buddhists, who are also sent to settle in Ava.
 * Taing Kachin is established under the rule of its native Kachin, who are grateful to Tibet for freeing them from Avan domination. Infrastructure is upgraded.
 * Bohemia: We continue to improve our economy and military. With the response of Poland-Lithuania supporting Bohemia against any aggresion, we accept their firm alliance and trade agreement, but Bohemia fears Brandenburg should invade Bohemia, which that should be the case of a war with Bohemia. Also, the King of Bohemia, sees opportunity to build fortifications in closest border of Brandenburg, if this may cause a war during the disappointment of Brandenburg to launch their attack on Bohemia. The Bohemian troops are recruited mostly, and trained. Whilst more fortresses and bunkers will defend the military's area and capital city Prague as well. We establish more buildings throughout and cities will be likely in construction to build.
 * Spain: The war against the Aztec ends in victory after one year of fighting. The Aztec surrender their land to us, so that we do not kill them all. Monetarists are built so we can convert all the Aztec people. We force the Aztec to mix with our people. We move all they way to the Pacific side of OLT Mexico, mapping out the area. Predestine rebels continue to try and devastate the home lands, by blowing up a Catholic church. Troops seize the rebels quickly before it gets out of hand and ship them to our newly Aztec lands. More slaves are taken from north Africa, in the triangle trade, sending them to the new world. Charles becomes restless in finding a mate so he can make an heir to the throne for his nation and people of the nation. All troops are reported back the motherlands so we can recuperate from war. Most of the infrastructure of our nation is beginning to be rebuilt and fixed so it could be preserved.We continue to trade with our allies.
 * Hispaniola: On the island, we continue to explore the inland forests. Along the coast of the island port cities are still developing. More ships are being built, so that we can send all the resources found on the island can be used by people in our home nation. Our troops try to work with the natives by trading with them to show that they are not taking advantage of the natives helping the colonists. Farms are beginning to get bigger with each year of planting. Monasteries are continuing to be built to convert the natives of the land to Christianity.
 * Cuba: On the island, we continue to explore the inland forests. Along the coast of the island port cities are still developing. More ships are being built, so that we can send all the resources found on the island can be used by people in our home nation. Our troops try to work with the natives by trading with them to show that they are not taking advantage of the natives helping the colonists. Farms are beginning to get bigger with each year of planting. Monasteries are continuing to be built to convert the natives of the land to Christianity.
 * Bahamas: Along the coast of the island port cities are still developing. More ships are being built, so that we can send all the resources found on the island can be used by people in our home nation. Our troops try to work with the natives by trading with them to show that they are not taking advantage of the natives helping the colonists. Farms are beginning to get bigger with each year of planting. Monasteries are continuing to be built to convert the natives of the land to Christian.
 * Jamaica: Along the coast of the island port cities are still developing. More ships are being built, so that we can send all the resources found on the island can be used by people in our home nation. Our troops try to work with the natives by trading with them to show that they are not taking advantage of the natives helping the colonists. Farms are beginning to get bigger with each year of planting. Monasteries are continuing to be built to convert the natives of the land to Christian.
 * Puerto Rico: Along the coast of the island port cities are still developing. More ships are being built, so that we can send all the resources found on the island can be used by people in our home nation. Our troops try to work with the natives by trading with them to show that they are not taking advantage of the natives helping the colonists. Farms are beginning to get bigger with each year of planting. Monasteries are continuing to be built to convert the natives of the land to Christianity.
 * Kingdom of Naples: To the north we still closeour borders to everyone. Outpost are continuing to be made to the north, so that troops with firearms can attack invaders to the land from a distance. Farming continues to go well in the nation. More ships are being built for trade purposes.
 * Kingdom of Sicily: Farming is doing fine within the nation. More ships are being built for trading purposes.


 * Ostland: We officially become a member of the Holy Roman Empire, even though our proposal to become an elector was declined. King Walter I leads the army of 20000 men strong in total that includes 15000 footsoldiers, 5000 cavarly and artilery against Denmark, coming to assist his ally Sweden as agreed. Queen Valentina I gives birth to a boy named Klaus and a girl named Isabel. Riga and Tallinn experience a flourish due to the inscrease in trade with the rest of the world, with our trade fleets bringing many wealth and with many people migrating (part of the Ostsiedlung) to our lovely capital and many new landmarks being build like a new colossal magnificent Cathedral of the Holy and Indivisible Trinity, with its dome made out of gold. Grand palace of Riga is finnished, a immense golden palace, becoming the King's main residence. Toompea Castle and Riga Castle are reassigned for military use, as barracks of the army. Livonian Order is reorganized as vassal of the Kingdom of Ostland, while some consider them a mercenary company now. Construction of watch posts and fortresses along the Polish-Lithuanian border finnish. Infrastructure is repaired and improved throughout the nation. The Ostland army is around 20.000 men strong and the navy about 40 ships. We continue researching new cannons, muskets and other modern weapons, while also trying to improve gunpowder. Martin Luther's Evangelical interpretations and rejection of Catholic excesses gains momentum amongst the people of Ostland, while many Livonian order knights and nobles start supporting Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses. However, due to our agreement with the most holy Pope Leo X we denounce Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses as heretical, while a law is made imprisoning anyone that possesses Martin Luther's heretical theses or preaches favoring them. However, that law is not applied on basis, being mostly used exemplary. Ostsiedlung/German eastward expansion continues, as we encourage Germans, Dutch, Flemish, Danes, Swedes, Norse to settle in our realm in order to promote the development of the less populated portions of their realm, so we provide them an incentive to immigrate giving them huge privilages. We also try to assimilate them into the local German culture, seeking to enstrenghten our country, by enacting many measures to reduce the use of their mother tongue, while trying to not be too oppressive, while we also try to assimilate the locals, too (Livonians, Estonians). Our merchant fleets trade with most of Europe. We focus on our military, thus administrative matters become secondary priority, while offensive becomes a priority.
 * Ostland Diplomacy: We ask the Duchy of Pomerania for a trade agreement, while we also ask them for an alliance, offering our heir Klaus to betroth a daughter of the Duke of Pomerania (RNG needed), while in the same time we attempt to influence/vassalize the Duchy of Pomerania.
 * Bradenburg: Joachim Assumes II Hektor assumes full control over Bradenburg but retains the regency as advisors. Having learned a lot about statehood and realizing his own lack of experience. Joachim is heavily interested in the ideas of Luther but keeps this a secret due to the unstable situation in the hre at the present. Military improvements continue as military reforms and expansion by hiring mercs continues. The Aristocracy starts to gain importance as many of the officers are drawn from their ranks. the courts of The country become a place of learning as engineers, artists and philosophers meet and discuss matters mainly on society and science.  Efforts to improve relations with Ostland begin and a royal marriage is requested if Ostland hasa female. Ties with the Teutons and BOhemia are also expanded.
 * Ostland Diplomacy: 'King Walter I of house Plettenberg' offers his beloved two year old daughter Isabel to our ally Joachim II Hector of house Hohenzollern to betroth further sealing our alliance and improving our ties, also a secret deal is offered to split coastal baronies, counties, duchies in the area above and west of Bradenburg after 'King Walter I of house Plettenberg' wins the war against the Kalmar Union helping its ally Sweden become independent.


 * Cherokee: A strange epidemic begins going through some of our tribal cities. It has affected many of us and has killed already about 1,000 of our 40,000 people. We do continue our invasion of the Creek Tribes, now that their numbers have dwindled but we reinforce any that were loss from the band we sent (Est. 250) and send 500 to reinforce them. Because of the loss of hunters we begin trying to move to the cultivation of Corn and Squash and try to increase our yield. We hear rumor of white men that have taken over tribes to our west. We send an expedition of 10 to go and meet them.