2nd century BC (Vae victis!)

Macedonian War
With Macedonia still licking its wounds from the collapse of Alexanders Empire, and desperate to recreate some form of it, Etrusca saw a way to cut of Safinei trading in the area. Because The Greek states made up almost 70% of their trade volume, all Etrusca needed to do to cut them off would be too have one nation loyal to them controlling the area. Realizing this, an offer was sent to the leadership of Macedonia. Etrusca would help Macedonia retake Greece and parts of Anatolia, and in exchange they would cut off trade with Safineim. Within a month, the proposition was agreed upon, and soon after that, 13,000 Etruscan troops, plus Senone auxiliaries, were delivered to assist Macedonia with retaking Greece.

The first assaults where massively successful, quickly taking Epirus, as well as large parts of the Hellenistic League and Aechean League.

Further Centralization
As the Senone trade with the Gauls proved extremely profitable, Carthage decided to further their own horizons and join in on the increasingly lucrative business. At first, Carthaginian simply landed on the southern shore of what would be known as Gauland, and traded with tribes in the south. However, as this proved far less efficient than the Senone trade routes. With this in mind, Carthage began to slowly establish trade routes to the north, and trade became many times more efficient. However, this new method quickly reveled a major problem. While the Senone were willing to let Carthage trade, they demanded that the other nation pay them taxes for the right.

However, it was quickly determined that Carthaginians were mostly unwillingly to pay the Senone for the right to trade, and simply ignored Senone demands. Needless to say, this caused a lot of tension between the two sets of traders, and violence occasionally broke. Realizing how much this hurt profits, the two nations decided to come to terms with each other. In the end, it was decided that Carthage would pay no taxes to the Senone, but would have to open favorable trade with the Senone Republic. This greatly increased trade with Gauls, and sped up the process of centralization in the region. Although Carthage, unlike the Senones, never established major trading posts or towns, but still contributed much to the centralization of the region.

Formation of Orleans
The first Senone trading city to develop it's own regional government was Orleans, a city situated North West of the Senone Republic. As his tribe became more centered on Orleans, a Chieftain named Enchar began to fashion himself as monarch of the city, rather than a tribal leader. He established basic laws, and a garrison of 50-60 soldiers to enforce general order. The city was already a major Senone trading post, and under Enchar, it continued to grow both in terms of economy and population. In fact, before Enchar came to the city in 156, the city had only about 2,000 people in it, by his death in 124, the population stood at at least 24,000. This set to basis for the power of Orleans, which still lasts to the modern day.

The formation of Orleans quickly inspired other nearby leaders to similarly centralize their cities. Between 156 and and 138, around 20 Senone and Carthegian trading posts evolved into some form of centralized city, with Orleans, Paris, Britanica, and Normandi quickly becoming the largest. These cities were surprisingly orginized, and even created The Union of Cities an organization that had Its first meeting in 195. The council of cities helped the new states define laws and boundaries, and provided some form of contact between them. This centralization befitted both the centralizing tribes and the Senone, as it made it easier for the Senone to trade and vastly heightened the standard of living for the tribes.

Tribal Wars
Following the first Council of Cities, the city states began to consolidate their holds over Gaulic lands, often at the expense of local tribes. While tribes were usually assimilated, and allowed to either settle down or continue their current lifestyle on a smaller scale, this method sometimes failed. As Orleans began to expand further south, to gain control of the usable farmland, they forced out a tribal group lead by the now legendary Rasxer. After being forced out of his homeland, the tribal leader gathered several of his friends and launched an attack on a Senone trading caravan. This attack killed several Senone traders, as well as Gaulic traders, and news of the attack spread across the area.

Quickly, Enchar deployed his garrison, as well as 50 extra soldiers to combat this group. This force of 90 troops moved south, and engaged Rasxers larger force. The fighting was brutal, and although the troops from Orleans managed to win, this only lead to the reinforcement of the tribal army. As the Orleanian troops moved in for the kill, they were caught by surprise by the size of the "defeated" army, and were forced back with upwards of 40 causalities. As the defeated force retreated, the tribal army was jubilant, and quickly recruited hundreds of men to join their cause, bringing to total up to perhaps 1,500 troops. With this comparatively massive army, Rasxer began to march towards Orleans, ready to destroy the city.

With the tribal army marching towards Orleans, Enchar had only several days to raise an army. Despite his best efforts, only 600 troops were raised. Because of the city's lack of built in defenses, it wasn't decided the battle would take place several miles outside the city. The formation for the Orleanians would be a sort of concave line, a net for the tribal army to fall into. The formation proved devastating to the tribal attack. As the army lurched forward, the Orleanian army, despite lacking formal training, were able to simply wait for the tribal attack to fall into their lines, and destroy them as they came into contact. This proved instantly devastating for the tribal army, and brought them to a bloody halt. This effectively ended the attacks, which were soon destroyed by the Orleanian army, thus ensuring that the city states would last.

Gauland
After Orleans had defeated the much larger tribal army, it effectively became the most powerful state in the area. Meanwhile, the cities in the North-West began to form their own regional identity. Characterized by city states instead of tribes, and dominated by Orleans, the area became known as Gauland, so called because of the high Gallic population. However, despite being dominated by cities, the area had extremely underdeveloped agriculture, and relied almost completely on Senone food, and what little they were able to raise. While this system worked for the Gauls, at least partilly, it was destested by Senone traders, who found trading food to be difficult and unprofitable. In order to alleviate these problems, the Senone began to help the Gauls create a soild basis for agricultural growth.

This quickly lead to an agricultural boom, centered on Orleans, and to a lesser extent, Normandii. Because of this, Gauland became slowly more independent from the region's reliance on trading with the Senone and Carthage. This put much more power in the hands of the city states, and this allowed their populations to truly explode. Orleans managed to attain perhaps 40,000 citizens - competing with several Italian cites, including Rome. This economic and social prosperity lead to several wars being fought over the rights to farm land, collectively known as the Farm Wars. Despite these destructive wars, the cities managed to remain powerful and stable throughout the period. Eventually the wars even increased their economic capacity, though it is debatable whether this was a direct effect or not.