Principia Moderni IV (Map Game)

The Ming Dynasty still rules over the vast lands of China. On the other side of the world, the Hundred Years War continues between England and France. Europe is still stuck in the old ways of feudalism and chivalry while the notions of a New World are considered figments of imagination.

We welcome you to the long awaited fourth expansion of that immortal series. Welcome to Principia Moderni IV! Starting in 1400 AD, this is the dawn of the modern world and the tail end of the Middle Ages. The Renaissance is just kicking off in Europe, while the nations in the western side of the continent are locked in the last gasp of the Hundred Years War. The Muslim world is still reeling from the invasions of Turks and Mongols, with the Caliphate resting in the collapsing Mamluk Egypt and the Ottomans on the rise in Anatolia. Make it count.

The first game was the most successful on the wiki, leading all the way to the modern day with mostly plausible posts and little controversy. The second game reached almost to the modern day, but failed due to a plethora of ASB events and moderator bias. The third game was much more worthy of the first, almost running into implausibility but climbing back into a shining glory by the end. Riding on the latest reforms of map games since the end of PMIII, this is the most logical next step in that evolution. Remember  above all other rules — have fun.

The Map
1460 AD

Important Pages

 * Rules and Algorithm
 * Holy Roman Empire
 * Feudal Dynasties
 * College of Cardinals

Active
If you wish to be a moderator, contact Scraw.
 * For now on mods are assigned to hemispheres to do modding --Nate
 * Lord Commander Scraw - India/South Asia
 * First Steward CourageousLife - Oceania and East/Southeast Asia
 * First Builder JoshTheRoman - Africa/Americas
 * The Diarchy of Europe:
 * Commander of the Shadow Tower Monster Pumpkin - Eastern Europe/Balkans
 * Supreme Sensual Samrat  SkyGreen24 - Western/Northern Europe
 * Septon Nathan1123 - East/Southeast Asia
 * Commander of the Eastwatch by the Sea Reximus55 -  Mid East/Central Asia
 * Maester (Checks the mods): Callumthered - creeps on everyone
 * Mapmaker NicDonalds

Honorary

 * Former First Steward ForsakenPear
 * Former First Ranger Edgeofnight

Guidelines

 * Nations in bold are reserved for users of plausible reputation.
 * If you want to be a tribal nation, add the name of the tribe into its respective region. It is not shown on the map.
 * Personal Union: A monarch rules over two nations. If this is the case, these nations are in an alliance, but are not played by the same player. They are not a vassal unless stated otherwise.
 * Dynastic Union: Two nations have a monarch of the same dynasty. If this is the case, these nations are not in alliance and are not played by the same player. They are not vassals unless stated otherwise. However, if the cadet branch of the dynasty dies out, the main branch can inherit. However, if the main dynasty dies out, the cadet branch can not inherit.
 * Vassal/Client Nations: Are automatically played by controlling nation unless stated otherwise.
 * When posting as your nation, make sure you use the name of your nation that is directly on the nation list or something similar to it.

British Isles

 * Kingdom of England: Person67
 * Principality of Wales (Under English Control) - Person67
 * Kingdom of Ireland - RedDragon2000
 * Kingdom of Scotland:Person67

France

 * Kingdom of France / Valois: NicDonalds
 * Marquisate of Saluzzo - NicDonalds
 * Duchy of Provence - NicDonalds
 * Duchy of Burgundy (Dynastic Union with Valois) - I am that guy (talk)
 * County of Burgundy (Personal Union under the Duchy of Burgundy) - I am that guy (talk)
 * Flanders (Personal Union with Burgundy) - I am that guy (talk)
 * Sint Michael Islands (Azores) - I am that guy (talk) 21:40, September 17, 2016 (UTC)
 * Duchy of Brittany (Vassal of France) - NicDonalds
 * Duchy of Orléans (Dynastic Union with Valois) - NicDonalds
 * Blois (Personal Union under Orléans) - NicDonalds
 * Dunois (Personal Union under Orléans) - NicDonalds
 * Périgord (Personal Union under Orléans) - NicDonalds
 * Parthenay - NicDonalds
 * Kingdom of Navarre (Personal Union with France) - NicDonalds
 * Avignon (to Papal States)- Callumthered (talk)

Iberian Peninsula

 * United Kingdom of Great Iberia
 * Crown of Aragon:— WikiBuilder1147
 * Sicily — WikiBuilder1147
 * Sardinia — WikiBuilder1147
 * Crown of Castile -
 * Kingdom of Gibraltar - ~Edge
 * Kingdom of Morocco - ~Edge
 * Liguria: ~Edge
 * Athens: ~Edge
 * Madeira: ~Edge
 * Kingdom of Portugal - Vassal of Castile

Italy

 * Kingdom of Italy  -  Rex
 * Duchy of Milan -  Rex
 * Duchy of Savoy - Rex
 * Kingdom of Naples  (Dynastic Union with Italy)  - Rex
 * Corfu - Rex
 * Cephalonia - Rex
 * Epirus  -  Rex
 * Morea - Rex
 * The Papal States - Callumthered (talk)
 * Piombino -
 * d'Asti -

Balkans

 * Kingdom of Greece - NathanialPrice
 * Ottoman Empire -
 * Dulkadir -
 * Bulgarian Empire - 


 * ​Duchy of Moldavia -
 * Knights of St. John (Rhodes and Crete) -
 * Trebizond (Gurkani vassal) - Rimp
 * Zeta -
 * Raska -
 * Dukagjini -
 * Croia (vassal of Naples) - Rex
 * Berat (vassal of Naples) - Rex

Scandinavia

 * Kingdom of Denmark - KawaiiKame (talk)
 * Greenland - KawaiiKame (talk)
 * Holstein - KawaiiKame (talk)


 * Norway-


 * Kingdom of Sweden - ~AM
 * Republic of Visby - ~AM

Russia

 * Grand Boyardom of Russia - Tft191
 * Republic of Pskov - Supergamer1
 * Armenia- KingCor1
 * Astrakhan-

Baltic

 * Teutonic Order - EiplecOco

Holy Roman Empire
(Underline indicates Prince-Electors)

Alpine

 * Swiss Confederacy - Patriot40

Bohemia

 * Kingdom of Bohemia - Blocky858 (talk)
 * Moravia - Blocky858 (talk)
 * Silesia -
 * Saxony -
 * Meissen - )
 * Nuremburg -

Low Countries

 * Duchy of Lorraine -
 * Duchy of Brabant (Personal Union under Burgundy) - I am that guy (talk)
 * Duchy of Limburg (Personal Union under Burgundy) - I am that guy (talk)

German

 * Margraviate of Brandenburg - With Blood and Iron (talk)
 * Duchy of Luxembourg (Personal Union under Bradenburg) - With Blood and Iron (talk)
 * Duchy of Silesia- With Blood and Iron (talk) 00:57, September 12, 2016 (UTC)
 * Cologne (Archbishopric)  -  NonsensicalJourney  ( talk
 * Essen - NonsensicalJourney (talk)
 * Free City of Hamburg - Redbaran45 (talk)
 * Landgraviate of Hesse -
 * Duchy of Jülich - Willster22 (User talk:Willster22)
 * Geldern - Willster22 (User talk:Willster22)
 * Berg (Dynastic Union with Jülich) -
 * Duchy of Thuringen - Scarlet Outlaw
 * Mainz -
 * Bremen - TiberiusLucretius
 * Prince-bishopric of Trier -
 * Oldenburg - Newalle
 * Archduchy of Austria -Lx (leave me a message)Azarath Flag.png
 * Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg (Vassal of Austria): -Lx (leave me a message)Azarath Flag.png
 * County of Habsburg-Wurttemberg (Ruled by Austrian Heir Apparent after age 16)-Lx (leave me a message)Azarath Flag.png
 * Bavaria (Personal Union with Austria):bibleboyd316
 * County Palatinate of the Rhine -
 * Mainz (Archbishopric) -
 * Brunswick - AngryShangryDave

Eastern Europe

 * Hungary(Personal Union with Austria) - -Lx (leave me a message)Azarath Flag.png
 * Cilli (Vassal of Hungary) - -Lx (leave me a message)Azarath Flag.png
 * Serbia (Vassal of Hungary) - -Lx (leave me a message)Azarath Flag.png
 * Croatia - SkyGreen24
 * Republic of Ragusa/Dubrovnik - Sky

Poland-Lithuania

 * Poland-Lithuania -
 * Moldavia (Vassal of Poland-Lithuania) -

Middle East

 * Oman -Warrioroffreedom123
 * Gurkani Sultanate -
 * Khedivate of Trabzon -
 * Yemen -

North and East Africa

 * Alwah -
 * Abbasid Caliphate -
 * Ethiopia - Tharpe
 * Ifat -
 * Swahili- Fallacyman (talk)
 * Tripoli -

West Africa

 * Bamoun -
 * Empire of Benin - Flag of the Xanian Empire.svg Flag of Xyon.svg Vivaporius: "I don't need a slogan"
 * Biram -
 * Daura -
 * Gobir -
 * Gurma -
 * Kano -
 * Katsina -
 * Wagadugu -
 * Zamfara -
 * Zaria -

Sub-Saharan Africa

 * Kingdom of Buganda -
 * Kingdom of Kongo -Tullin
 * Empire of Buha
 * Kingdom of Zimbabwe - Nlenhardt

South Asia

 * Bahmanis - The Guardian of Forever (talk)
 * Bengal - ReichTime.png    ReichTime.png
 * Delhi Sultanate - -- Orange (talk)
 * Himalaya (Delhian vassal) - -- Orange (talk)
 * Kangra (Delhian vassal) - -- Orange (talk)
 * Warangal -

Southeast Asia

 * Ahom KIngdom (Bengali Vassal)- ReichTime.png    ReichTime.png
 * Kingdom of Burma (Bahmanid Vassal) - The Guardian of Forever (talk)
 * Champa -
 * Kedah - MegaloKaiser
 * Khmer Empire - THIS...   IS...   KHMER...
 * Toungoo -
 * Vietnam - Türtlelørđχ

Asian Islands

 * Banggai -
 * Becan -
 * Berau -
 * Brunei -
 * Bungku -
 * Buol -
 * Igorot  -
 * Jailolo -
 * Kutei -
 * Laiwu -
 * Majapahit Empire - Through Stars We Rise. (Welcome to the Universe).
 * Papua (Majapahit Colony): Through Stars We Rise. (Welcome to the Universe). 22:31, September 16, 2016 (UTC)
 * Sulu - SpunkyMora
 * Ternate -
 * Tidore -
 * Tondo - Erizium (talk)
 * Huangdom of Ma-I - (Tondo vassal/same dynasty) Erizium (talk)
 * Huangdom of Pangasinan - (Vassal) Erizium (talk)

East and Central Asia

 * Chinese Empire –  -Nova


 * Mongolia (vassal) -  -Nova 
 * Keiku (protectorate)  -Nova 
 * Chiang Mai (Chinese Protectorate) - 
 * Luzon (colony) -  -Nova 
 * Taiwan (colony) -  -Nova 
 * Ashikaga shogunate Crim de la Kremlin - "This is my signature. That means I just posted." 20:50, August 31, 2016 (UTC)
 * Kingdom of Joseon
 * Buk-in-do (provisional government)
 * Hwatae-do (colony)
 * Cheondoryeol (colony) 
 * Kingdom of Tibet - bibleboyd316
 * Nepal - bibleboyd316
 * Oirat Khanate -
 * Astrakhan Khanate -
 * Chagatai Khanate - Bozistanball
 * Sakha - Shikata ga nai!

South America

 * Runorqo Empire:
 * Aymara -
 * Wanka -
 * Sican -
 * Chiribaya -
 * Mapuche -

Mesoamerica

 * Mexica Alliance: Toby2: THEY CALL ME   Mr. Awesome!!!


 * Tlacopan (Mexica Alliance) -Toby2
 * Texcoco (Mexica Alliance) -  Toby2
 * Alotepec -
 * Astatlan  -
 * Ayutitlan  -
 * Azmola  -
 * Chalca  -
 * Chametian  -
 * Cholula  -
 * Coaiztlahuacan  -
 * Coatzacualco  -
 * Coinan  -
 * Colimotl  -
 * Cuitzeo  -
 * Culican  -
 * Guaspaltepec  -
 * Huaxyacac  -
 * Huetzcotzingo  -
 * Huextla  -
 * Hueyacocotlan  -
 * Icpatepec  -
 * Itzyocan  -
 * Matlatzinco  -
 * Mazahuacan  -
 * Metztitlan  -
 * Miahuatlan  -
 * Michoacan  - Thisismacedon
 * Mixtlan  -
 * Nuuntoo  -
 * Oztoman  -
 * Quetzalapan  -
 * Quetzaltepec  -
 * Teloloapan  -
 * Tlaollan  -
 * Tlaxcalan  -
 * Tochpan  -
 * Tollan  -
 * Tollantzinco  -
 * Tolocan  -
 * Tonallan  -
 * Totonac Empire (rekt) -
 * Tarascan Empire (In PU with Totonacapan) (rekt) -
 * Tototepec  -
 * Ualtepec  -
 * Xaltepec  -
 * Xilotan  -
 * Xiuhcoac  -
 * Xiuhtepec  -
 * Xiquipilco  -
 * Zapotec -

Yucatan

 * Mayapan League - Cour *talk*
 * Acalan
 * Chactemal
 * Chiapan
 * Chilapa
 * Chicomuceltec
 * Chiya
 * Comitan
 * Copanahuastla
 * Cuscatlan
 * Iximche
 * Mapachtepec
 * Mazanahau
 * Potonchan
 * Tayasal
 * Totoncalco
 * Uatlan
 * Yahualulco
 * Xicallanco

North America

 * Iroquois Confederacy - Sladather
 * Wichita - Kaiserwilhelm3
 * Cherokee Collective - IstocnoSarajevo (talk)

Oceania

 * Ngarrindjeri Confederacy - Oh, I didn't mean to push that button! † Oh, well leave a message I guess
 * Tu'i Tonga Empire -

The Wildlings
All users currently on the wiki may play unless otherwise noted.

Banned Users

 * Bibleboyd (1461)

Plausibility Strikes
'''Three strikes and you're out! Each strike resets after 30 years of the most recent strike.'''
 * Nova - I (1432)
 * Bel - I (1440)
 * Red - I (1440)
 * KK - I (1440)
 * Tim - I (1440)
 * Oct - I (1441)
 * Viva- II (1449)



1460
''' The Holy Roman Emperor dies of comsumption. A new Emperor must be elected, and in light of recent political unrest of the Empire. '''

''' Famine in India stunts the population of Bahmanids, mostly in the Deccan region. '''

'''So ... there are mod elections on the talk page. Callum is being considered for full mod and Edge's position is being reconsidered, so anyone else you may want to be mod should be voted for as well. I personally was volunteering for Lictor myself but that's up to the people. ~Nate'''


 * The Gurkani Sultanate:  Sultan Zeeshan Beg Mirza continued his rule over the Sultanate, with Al Mansur An Nasir as the Caliph. The Gurkani population rose to about 34 million with the people flocking to cities like Herat, Isfahan, Gamrun, Qazvin, Bukhara, Tabriz and Iskenderun; primarily due to their strategic position in the spice trade. In regards to religion, the Sultanate promoted Shia Islam, and advocated conversion to the Zaidi sect from other Islamic sects, often engaging in forced conversions. The military was primarily composed of medium-to-heavy cavalry, composite bow, lance, mace, and sword. Heavy cavalrymen wore plated chain mail or metal lamellar armor, with their horses also wearing leather or metal lamellar barding. The infantry was equipped with daggers and swords to be utilised in close combat against the enemy and elephants as well as carts were used for the transportation of supplies. Cannons were constructed to serve as siege weaponry whilst hand cannons and rocket launchers were developed as gunpowder became increasingly popular. Naval bases were established at Iskenderun, Trabzon and Gamrun to establish the presence of the Gurkani fleet in the Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea and the Persian Gulf respectively, keen on controlling any piracy. The Gurkani Navy developed galleys and carracks to augment the smaller patrol fleets. Agriculture and commerce were at the Sultanate's forepoint, with wheat, rice and barley being amongst the largest produced crops. To prevent the Sultanate from ever getting hit by a major famine, the individual Amirs also engaged in the storage of food supplies, which would be utilized in case of famine or otherwise exported. Fishery was promoted as well as it helped in sustaining the fishery villages that were present along the coast, as well as the major port cities of Iskenderun, Basra, Gamrun, Kerch and Trabzon. Importance was also given on the development of proper roads for the merchants utilizing the trade routes through the Sultanate, with all caravans being armed and protected with a small detachment of guards. Meanwhile, the construction of educational madrassahs continued throughout the Empire, with the sultan keen on spreading education and knowledge amongst the populace of the Sultanate. The Sultan sought to replicate the Islamic Golden Age that existed during the period of the Abbasids prior to the Mongol Invasion, and accordingly funded the teaching of Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, with Algebra, Geometry, Astronomy, Anatomy and Medicine being of prime importance. The  lingua franca  promoted throughout the Sultanate was also Persian, primarily due to the fact that Persian had existed as the language spoken by communities in the region for centuries and as such served as an excellent language for communication. The Sultanate continued to expand its territories into the Caucasus and the Persian Gulf islands.  Diplomats are sent to the Khan of the Astrakhan Khanate. He is promised aid against the Russian Boyardom, and the maintainence of Astrakhan sovereignity if the Khan were to convert to the Zaidi sect of Shia Islam, and if he recognized Al Mansur Al Nasir and his successors as the true Caliphs instead of the Abbasid Caliphs. [Mod Response Needed] 
 * Khedivate of Trabzon: Amir Julius Megas Komnenos continued his reign over the city of Trabzon, with Julia Komnenos acting as the Regent. Acting as a vassal to the Gurkani Sultanate, he would only be answerable to the Gurkani Amir. The military and the navy were developed along the same lines as their Gurkani counterparts, with a major naval base constructed at the city of Trabzon, where the Trabzon fleet was also situated. Trabzoni authorities continue to work on the construction of a fleet at Trabzon, working side by side with Castilian authorities. The Trabzon Amir, Julius Komnenos would continue to develop the trade route leading from his Black Sea port of Trabzon, connecting it to the city of Tabriz, hoping to make the spice trade routes much more advanced and efficient. The Prince of Trebizond, Julius Megas Komnenos is married.
 * Ngarrindjeri: In those days, it came to pass there was a clan leader of great wealth named Tjilbruke. He owned over 1000 wombats, 400 emu, and 50 of the finest kangaroo, besides the many acres of farmland. His only son, Kulutuwi, was custodian of the house, and Tjilbruke loved him more than life itself. One day, the Lord Ngintaka visited Tjilbruke, and spoke to him, "do not fear, for behold, the time of the First Ones is returning, for I am the sole spirit to escape from the Dreaming and return to the land of men". At this, Tjilbruke trembled in fear, and fell before the Lord prostrate. Ngintaka scoffed and said "get up! do not consider yourself unworthy! you I have chosen as my instrument to bring light back to this land and make a great nation out of the land of Murray". After receiving these words, Tjilbruke sent servants all across OTL Adelaide Valley, spreading the good news of this miraculous visitation. Meanwhile, the art of food producing has now spread over most of Southern Australia, and all the tribes there begin establishing permanant villages like the Ngarrindjeri.


 * Korea continues to experience prosperity under a meritocratic bureaucracy led by monarch Yi Hyorin. A ten-year program is implemented, intended to ease the integration of the northernmost province, Buk-in-do, into the peninsula. For now, the leaders of Buk-in-do receive some autonomy, so long as they remain underneath Korean jurisdiction. An assimilationist policy is imposed among the Jurchens in Buk-in-do to deter separatism. Scholars and the members of the imperial court begin formulating a plan to send a third of Koreans to Manchuria within the space of fifty years, intended to help legitimize and consolidate Korean rule in Manchuria and remove strain on peninsular resources. As Koreans settle in Manchuria, migrants are given large tracts of arable land, which are quickly cultivated and planted with grains, mainly wheat. Harvests are very successful, and many of the surplus is sent to the peninsula. The sudden boost in food output initiates a decline in mortality, and the population growth becomes very favourable. Imperial envoys are sent to the Nivkhs to establish formal relations, hoping to establish an economic zone in Northern Sakhalin. They also request that a limited number of Koreans could settle there, to ease inter–Korean–Nivkh communications and interactions ( MOD RESPONSE ). The colonies of Seotaeman and Haesi-nam are expanded upon, with colonists in Haesi-nam preparing for the future planned invasion of the Oroks in central Sakhalin. Ships are sent to patrol neighbouring waters, and to explore lands beyond Sakhalin. While they find local tribes and trade with them, they find that the lands beyond Sakhalin are taiga and tundra, and unsuitable for colonization. Envoys are sent to the Kamchatka and Kuril island Ainus, wanting to help them organize into a proper state in return for vassalage ( MOD RESPONSE ). Korea continues its long entrenched naval tradition, building ten ships this year, four are bigeodo, four are gwaseon, and the two are junks. Arsenals are built to fit a higher capacity of weapons, while more gunpowder weapons are made. Mahayana Buddhism under the Yi sect, which fuses Confucian doctrines and Muist rites, becomes increasingly ingrained into Korean culture. Yi Hyorin continues the encouragement of mercantile activities and commerce. Wealthy yangban patronize the arts and literature. Buildings are upscaled in beauty and sophistication to reflect Korea's growing affluence, while more people, especially those in the yangban, chung-in, and sang-in castes, choose partake in education
 * The Keikeu Kingdom improves relations with korea

The two regions are found to be wild and filled with thick burly men - Permission from natemod Five Portugese ships meat the opposing navy in the middle of the ocean
 * Duchy of Thuringen: The city guard continues to defend the capital city of Erfurt. Our military grows by adding more recruits each year. We continue to trade a lot with our neighboring states. Farming goes well in our nation this year. Peace is upon our nation since Europe is currently not going through any type of wars and such. Our citizens are happy with the current situation of our nation. Edwin has twins born this year, their names are Karsten and Karoline. Hannah has a child also this year, his name is Felix. Our leader is a little worried about who will get the throne for Emperor of the HRE.


 * Iroquois Nation: This year marks the bicentennial of the Iroquois Confederacy. To celebrate, nine weeks of festivities are to be held, including a nation-wide lacrosse tournament. The tobacco expands and we begin shipping large containers, mainly west and south. The ornate religious works crafted in Nowadaga surge in popularity. Some of these craftsmen begin experimenting with materials and techniques used by other tribes. With sled dogs becoming a necessity due to trade with northern tribes, we begin to breed our war dogs with the Mickmak's large working dogs in the hopes of creating a more efficient beast. The master boat crafters and shamans of the Iroquois Nation continue studying the mystery of Etchemin's journey through the storm. Some speculate that hides could be used to make the barges travel faster by harnessing the wind like Etchemin, but they are written off as deranged since he had no way of guiding his boat. We continue to expand our major towns. Catcodoga goes begins seeing more traffic due to the northern trade expansion.




 * The Queen of Aragon moves to the Castilian capital of Toledo, as does the rest of the Iberian Royal Family; the Royal Palace of Barcelona becomes the new home of the Aragonese Royal Council, which was recently formed by the Queen to act as the regional legislature for Aragon. one-year-old Crown Prince Ferdinand of Aragon is named Crown Prince of Iberia. Integration of the Aragonese and Castilian militaries are now complete; the Iberian Royal Armada now consists of over  500 warships. We also propose this new Royal Banner for Iberia.
 * What is the combined population of Iberia? -Rexmod
 * The union between Castile and Aragon has a population of 8.7 million (Castile: 4.7 million/Aragon: four million). This is based on Edge's stated population on his page, and the size of Aragon's population based on its military size (80,000 troops / 0.02 = four million people). ~Viva
 * I'm going to frontline here since I know what Rex is getting at: Castile and Aragon are now combinded, and before they both had extensive navies, it makes no sense for them to just get rid of ships they both could support before. Unlike Milan which was adapting a navy as a Land Focused nation, Both Castile and Aragon are naval focused nations. ~Edge
 * I, for one, agree that naval-focused nations should have a larger navy, and have spoken previously about a separate category for islandic/peninsular/seafaring nations rather than the rudimentary "merchant republic" and "normal nations" difference. Furthermore, Edge, your argument makes no logical sense. If the population of Iberia is the same as the population of Castile and Aragon, then the maximum supported navies of Castile and Aragon combined would be the same as the maximum navy of Iberia. Put simply, your ship count is 365, until the rules are revised. -Rexmod
 * Kingdom of Tondo:  Diyang Kalangitan, now married to Sugbo of Cebu, formalize their marriage in Mactan, Cebu. As Sugbo's father drowned in a fishing accident, Sugbo is widely seen as Cebu's next monarch due to his uncle being the Rajah, who is currently without wife and without child. At the same time, rumors of the Rajah's infertility circulate around the kingdoms, though no officials have confirmed nor denied    With the recent passing of the beloved monarch, Rajah Gambang, the nation mourns. Diyang Kalangitan assumes the throne, and takes no man to be her husband. Instead, she declares that on the eve of her death, the nobility of Tondo, Ma-I, and Pangasinan shall have an electorate regarding the successor of the united realms of Tondo. Kalangitan further consolidates her poweriscreetely assigning political opponents to far-flung provinces of Tondo or to Tondo's vassals of Ma-I and Pangasinan, or to colonization attempts in Palawan, Busuang and Samar. The government of Tondo can be roughly described as a Federal Monarchy, with each province ruled by a council with members proportionate to the province's population. Diyang Kalangitan invites the Huang of Pangasinan, his daughter and Ma-I's regency council, and officials from every province to draft something akin to an OTL constitution, namely, the Saligang Batas ng Tondo at Nasasakupan Nito (Constitution of the sovereign Kingdom of Tondo and all its holdings and possessions). As Maynila is one of the richest cities in South East Asia, it is now high-time to create a lasting legacy for it. A series of bridges and canals connecting the Pasig and Tagik (OTL Taguig) Rivers and all their tributaries to provide acquatic transportation, ease movement of goods, and simply build bridges above the waterways to ease the transportation of people in the Greater Tondo Province (OTL Metro Manila). To prevent problems of income inequality and unequal development, selected families in the capital are given incentives of food and gold to relocate to developing towns and cities in Cavite, Romblon and Samar. A road network has already connected Tondo Province to Cavite, and a series of roads from southeastern and southern Luzon to Pangasinan has already began construction. Tondo metallurgical capabilities increase as blast furnaces and ironforges are built all around the state. The port of Maynila is further expanded, with the navy increasing by 25 small ships and seven war junks. Trade with nearby states continue. Tondo continues expansion in Samae, Palawan and Busuanga. 2000 additional soldiers are trained. Kalangitan orders 400 ships to move to patrol the Visayas archipelago, mainly  to protect the trade routes, and secretly to intimidate Cebu.   Expansion into Palawan, Negros and Samar continues.


 * Huangdom of Ma-I: With Tondo's grace, Ma-I settles the western part of Busuanga Island, and dedicates 100 citizens there. Li Han thrives as a cultural and financial capital of Ma-I, while Beigang immediately becomes the second port of Tondo, and conducts trade regularly with nearby nations.
 * Huangdom of Pangasinan: With Tondo's grace, Pangasinan expands into Central and Northern Luzon, attempting to assimilate the mountain and Igorot tribes located nearby to access the massive agricultural treasure in the Banaue Rice Terraces and the farmlands of Central Luzon. The administrative capital city, Pangasinan, begins construction of a road connecting it to Maynila. Blast furnace construction continues, and a small defense fleet of 15 ships is allotted by Tondo to Pangasinan. Pangasinense traders report sightings of small islands west of Luzon, and scouts are sent by Pangasinan to verify their claims. Pangasinan claims these islands west of Mainland Luzon, now named as the Gambang Islands in honor of Rajah Gambang  (OTL Scarborough Shoal)
 * Benin: With the assassination of Oba Isikhuan, the clergy descends into chaos over the successor to the throne. Most believe that Isikhuan was assassinated by foreigners seeking to avenge the deaths of their kin under his reign, while others point to the clergy which feared that his excesses went too far. Others still point to family members jealous of Isikhuan's wealth and prosperity, and refusal to share it with them, while yet more point a secretive cabal bent on the destruction of the empire by any means. Whatever the reasons, all that is known is that Isikhuan is dead and that he left no heirs to the throne, nor any wives to serve as regent over the empire. The wives of the Oba were themselves killed in the explosion, and the Oba died without heirs due to his infertility and refusal to address the issue seriously. All this is further exacerbated by the fact that now the clergy, responsible for the management of the government, has turned inward on itself seeking to repair the damage Isikhuan's death has wrought upon Benin. As if by clockwork, the imperial family begins to move to remove the dead Oba by force. The children of Uwaifiokun and the siblings of the deceased Oba by Ewuare have immediately begun to position themselves for a shot at the throne. Because of their relationship with the Oba, the Isikhuan's brothers and sisters under the leadership of Usiobaifo, the second eldest of Ewuare's surviving children, have made the first move toward gaining the coveted position of power. Usiobaifo is able to garner some support from the clergy and merchants for the throne, and is immediately declared the new Oba of Benin by the Imperial Guard. However, his chief rival, Enekirighidi, the eldest son of the late Prince Uwafiokun, has gained the backing of the majority of Benin's warriors, who out of respect for the legacy and accomplishments of his father, have rallied his cause to put him on the throne. Both sides have begun at a major disadvantage. Enekirighidi has the bulk of the empire's warriors at his side, along with the vast gold mines of the Sahel under his control. However, he lacks the liquid capital necessary to pay his men, and his lands are underdeveloped. Having been in Niani for studies, Enekirighidi has had to build a power-base in the city and the western regions of the empire. Usiobaifo on the otherhand was in Edo at the time of the death of Isikhuan, and has access to the richest and most developed lands of Benin. However, though awash with gold and silver and the best warriors of Benin under his command, he lacks the raw manpower of the Imperial Army, and is forced to rely upon the far less equipped and trained Metropolitan Army. Enekirighidi begins to rally his forces for the invasion of Usiobaifo's lands in the east. Most Bini fear that this war will be a long one, as Enekirighidi's forces begin their long and bloody march to Edo. Already, the two sides have been aligned as the Royalists (loyal to Usiobaifo) and the Irredentists (loyal to Enekirighidi), as the war enters into its first year. Prince Barum of Ethiopia is whisked off to safety on a fast vessel out of the Bini port of Kalabari to Ethiopia, where he shall be returned to his people to remain until the war in Benin is over. Kuzir priests are sent along with the boy to provide any additional training he may wish to receive while in his homeland, and to provide the baptism into the Kuzir faith should be decide to convert to the religion.
 * Sultanate of Bengal: Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah asks the Ahom Kingdom again to be Bengal's vassal in return for Chutiya. (MOD RESPONSE, PLEASE) (The Ahom Kingdom does not have a player. I was formerly playing it until I switched to Bengal. The Sultan orders the improvement of schools and libraries throughout the Sultanate. Naval maneuvers are conducted, with the Dominant in overall command. Taking a page from the Bahmanid book, the Sultanate also starts distributing copies of The Eastern Myth.
 * Ahom accepts. -Scraw
 * Vietnam: The road network has upgraded drastically. More temples are sprouting up throughout the nation. New ships are being built, inspired by Chinese vessels.
 * Tibet: we start palting opium, we ask China to build 100 plantations in East China where we use convicts as labor. (China, Vietnam, Korea and Japan response needed). We build up our army by 50,000 men and our infrastructure and we also start producing a book called Gold Truth to show the Nepalese people that they belong to Tibet.
 * Nepal: We are building a wall between us and Delhi, we build up our army and infrastructure.
 * Delhian Diplomacy: We warn Tibet not to further interfere with any potential Indian expansion north.
 * Japanese Dip: Accepted
 * Delhian Diplomacy: PartitionOfNepal_PMIV.png propose to Tibet our partition of Nepal. (Ok boyd, accept here0
 * tibet dip: we accept 


 * Swahili: The nation's income continues to grow, both from increased tariffs and from the Royal Trade Fleet. Our manufacturers expand and make more money. We expand southward to connect our realm. 10,000 local tribesman and foreign settlers became citizens of our nation last year due to our policies of land reclamation and immigration attraction. We send a trading fleet to Benin.
 * Bahmanids: Ismail Shah acts quickly and decisively in response to the famine. Price controls are established, though they are loose, Ismail hoping to force the merchants to sell lower by just having the government sell at a lower price. Hoarding or violating price controls is made punishable by death for the duration of the famine. The local officials are closely supervised to ensure they are not corrupt, and those who are are exiled to the Laccadives. He uses the large government treasury, made great through trade and conquest, as well as the reparations from the Andaman War, to buy food from the northern provinces and abroad to feed the hungry Deccanis.
 * Kingdom of Burma: Binnya Dala sends food west and makes quite a tidy profit for his government from it, and advertises this as part of the new success Burma will have as a Bahmanid vassal.
 * Gurkani Diplomacy: Food supplies are sent to the Bahmanids so that they may be able to cope with the famine.
 * Delhi Sultanate: We continue military production on both land and sea. Troops are stationed on the border with Nepal, with catapults and trebuchets also built, designed to tear down walls. We also begin an increase in food production to both aid the Bahmanids and make sure a famine doesn't occur within our borders. We continue to spread copies of the Eastern Myth, with Hindu persecution of Gunterists spreading across the country; the Sultan does not even address these persecutions. Our cities continue to be guarded, wary of Gunterists. More mosques, both Shia and Sunni, are built in our cities, along with more academic buildings. We continue to promote growth in Puri as our navy and maritime economy expands. More settlers begin flowing into Odisha, populating not just Puri, but also Bhubaneswar and Cuttack. (SECRET): We begin secretly sending in Muslim and pro-Delhian settlers into Nepal. (END OF SECRET).
 * Delhian Diplomacy: We ask Mithila to become a vassal of Delhi for 50,000 rupees, and also containing the benefits of being protected from future conquest, among other economic benefits. (MOD RESPONSE)
 * Mithila accepts. -Scraw
 * OOC Delhi: Hold on: After doing some more research, I found that Mithila is actually no longer a playable nation. It appears to have already been annexed into the Sultanate before I started playing as Delhi. The closest states I can find to what was Mithila are Nepal (which is not Mithila) and Bhutan (vassalized by Bengal). Sorry, I was intending to vassalize the state just west of Nepal. As a result, I'd like either a new response for this nation, or have this offer crossed out completely.
 * OOC Guardian (Bahmanids): The state west of Nepal is(Also, maybe you should take a look at the Indian Reference Map.)
 * Mayapan: Diplomats remain in the Aztec capital to talk about terms for a trade deal. Expansion continues along the southern border. Integration of the southern city-states into the League is continued by the High Council. Each new state is expected to supply men to train and serve in the national army. The council seeks to improve commerce and communication between the many settlements of the Yucatan by constructing and maintaining roads between them. Work continues to renovate and update existing buildings and roads, and to create plans for future upkeep and renovations.
 * Archduke Ferdinand I of Austria, upon hearing about the death of Wenceslaus, abruptly announces his trip to Budapest to be crowned King of Hungary. When he arrives, it is a grand ceremony, and Ferdinand is pronounced the Hungarian King. He spends most of the year in Hungary, getting used to the political landscape and picking a good council to rule in his name when he returns to Austria. A law is enacted in Austria that makes absolutely independent the Armies of Austria and Hungary, making actions independent of each other, except in wars involving "Direct Threats to the Hungarian Crown", mirroring a law that will be passed in Hungary.


 * Hungary: The current ruling council is chosen by Ferdinand, the King of Hungary. The first act is to ensure military independence of the Hungarian Crown, increasing the power of the regency council of Hungary over joining wars in all situations other than "direct threats to the crown or the Austrian Nation" to mirror the law passed in Austria. The new King, Ferdinand, stays in Budapest, however, and begins to draft a law formally beginning the incorporation of Cilli's HRE territories into the Austrian Crown. The Austrians slowly begin standardizing their weights and measures, as well as currency, to be up to Austrian Standards, officially chartering mints in Budapest and Cluj (as the Mint of Transylvania).
 * Archbishop Berthold of Salzburg officially sanctions and blesses Ferdinand in his coronation of Hungary. Meanwhile, he attends to various religious matters.
 * Cilli: The Count of Cilli officialy pledges fealty to new King Ferdinand, and begins converting weights, measures and currency to Austrian standards, officialy chartering a mint in Cilli.  Efforts to perhaps incorporate the HRE territories into Austria begin straightaway.
 * Two things: 1, the Treaty of Cologne does not give your family the inheritance of Hungary. 2, the County of Cilli is independent, and as you have not conquered them, you cannot post as them. -Rexmod
 * I would defer to Sky on this one, since I discussed this with him earlier...
 * The Caliphate: Continues to encourage economic growth in its regions, especially in Egypt and North Africa. The highest officers of the Caliphate begin to allow more and more autonomy to the states south of the First Cataract in Africa, although still promoting Islam. A holy edict is issued banning all merchants from transpiring commerce with the Christian nation of East Africa, specifically Ethiopia. Meanwhile, in Arabia, the Caliphate continues to build infrastructure for faithful Muslims performing the Hajj to Mecca. In order to keep order and stability in an otherwise overextended state, we allow emirs to host a small army, more of a guard, near their respective capitals. The Caliphate begins to support the arts and specifically the sciences.
 * Brandenburg-Luxembourg: With the death of the Emperor, Heinrich launches his own bid for the imperial crown and casts his vote for himself along with requesting that the other Electors cast a vote in his favor promising to respect the autonomy of the other princes and to safeguard the foundations and territories of the HRE as the new emperor if elected. Military resutrcturing begins as fresh recruits are brought in and the numbers are raised to eventually be 25,000 after considering the new population gained from Lusatia, and Silesia. Academics and culture start to thrive as the Northern Renassaince takes off in Berlin and Luxembourg. Painting, architecture and music in particular benefit from the growing wealth of Brandenburg. Heinrich begins turning his eyes toward the Teutons, the long time northern rival of Brandenburg, but he holds off on antagonizing them until after his domains have recovered from the costly Second War of the Lions. A talented youth by the name of Gunther at the request of the Prince Elector paints a painting of three youthful lions circling an older crippled one that is lying down. This painting is supposed to symbolize the fall of the old House of Luxembourg and the Bohemian Emperors. mining and metal works continue to grow and Breslau very quickly joins Luxembourg as a major centre of blacksmithies and a small community of gun smithies appears there linked to the guild in Luxembourg. A marriage is offered to Sweden of his daughter to the House of Vasa. Meanwhile, Heinrich looks for a suitable wife for his now of age son Otto von Brandenburg. Despite his deep love for his son Heinrich looks down upon the secret romance that has started between the young prince and his childhood friend the beauty Karoline von Havel, the granddaughter of the famous Hussite general. He attempts to dissuade his son from further pursuing this but to no avail and makes the two swear to maintain a secret interaction unknown to the rest of the royal court. Meanwhile, the House of Havel and the House of Hohenzollern represent the two most influential families in the circle of the young boy due to the childhood friendships, and many of the young arsitocrats and nobles follow the three noble families of Havel, Brandenburg and Hohenzollern without a second thought. Otto is granted his first military commission taking command of the unit that protects Silesia, as it is well known that he has Hussite sympathies and the Hussites in this new region are large in numbers. The debates on canon law, heresy, and papal practises continues in relative peace in the Brandenburg courts. Gunsmithies from Luxembourg finally finish the prototype for their designs, creating the first functioning matchlock mechanism in Europe, the capacity of this new designs proves quite handy and many gunsmiths begin implementing the new design into their guns. Otto and the young Elsha are married in Breslau where Otto is stationed. The celebration is massive however their are tensions in the household of the new couple largely due to the continued romance between Otto and Karoline. 
 * Cologne/Essen Diplomacy: Abbess Sophia of Essen proudly offers one of her secular canonesses (who do not take vows of chastity and are free to marry) as Otto's bride, in order to secure the alliance between Cologne and Brandenburg. The secular canoness's name is Elsha of Julich: she is both beautiful and intelligent, and she has been personally following the Wars of Lions with great interest.
 * The Crown of Castile begins to prepare for the full union of Castile and Aragon into the  Crown of Iberia.  Sancho continues to order the Castilian navy to explore the Atlantic for the sake of Glory and Prestige. Cortez continues his paintings, prompting further attention is a Writer and Artist from Barcelona by the name of David Blanco, who creates the first "Picture Bible". More later if I have time.


 * Within the Kingdom of Gibraltar Alfonso I dies without an heir, and the kingdom falls under the rule of the Crown of Castile directly. The deportation efforts have left the area mostly depopulated of its former Berber population. The nation has a population of 60,000, mostly Christians and mostly Spaniards.
 * Within the Kingdom of Morocco, Beatriz also dies without an heir, and in order to placate the lord of Galicia, Sancho names Fernado of Eca the new King of Morocco. The nation's population stands at 600,000 Berbers and 120,000 Christians.
 * Within the Serene Republic of Liguria, the Spinolia family continues in their attempts to retstore Genoa.
 * Within the Duchy of Athens, Antonio and Isabella are wed, giving the nation an heir with Trastámara blood. The nation's population experiences a steady growth, with 63,000 citizens. Castile continues to improve the quality of life within the Duchy, placating any revolt from the citizens.
 * Kingdom of England and Scotland: In England, we continue our policy of aggressive deportation resulting in Scottish and English ethnicity slowly becoming more similar due to interbreeding while the governments of the two kingdoms remain separate. At Portsmouth another ten ships are constructed and added to the English fleet while the expansion of a grammar school and university system leads to a lot more people having access to education mainly in towns and cities where these schools can be attended. Trade abroad continues especially with Benin which is a lucrative source of goods. At Oxford, Cambridge and St Andrews, the academic race starts with all three universities competing to have the largest libraries as well as the highest quality of teaching and the Crown encourages the competition with rewards when one university excels causing internal rivalry.
 * Papal States: After a year of pouring over Cologne's dossier on the Venerable Adelphina of Essen, His Holiness, the Cardinal in charge of the Inquisition, and various knowledgable bishops university men are convinced of the case for Adelphina's sainthood. Even the advocatus diaboli has difficulty finding good arguments against the holy woman's cause. As a result, on the new saint's feast day, Pope Callixtus IV makes the following solemn proclamation: Ad honorem Sanctae et Individuae Trinitatis, ad exaltationem Fidei Catholicae et Christianae Religionis augmentum, auctoritate Domini nostri Iesu Christi, Beatorum Apostolorum Petri et Pauli, ac Nostra: matura deligeratione praehabita, et divina ope saepius implorata, ac de Venerabilium Fratrum Nostrorum Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae Cardinalium, Patriarcharum, Archiepiscoporum et Episcoporum, in Urbe exsistentium, consilio, Adelphina Essenesis, Sanctam esse decernimus et definimus ac Sanctorum catalogo adscribimus: statuentes ab Ecclesia Universali illius memoriam quolibet anno die eius natali, sexta nempe iulii, inter Sanctas Virgines et Martyres pia devotione recoli debere. In nomine Patris et Filii et Spiritus Sancti. Amen. And with that, Saint Adelphina of Essen is entered into the Roman Canon of Saints. The disciplinary reforms began by, or inspired by, the saintly woman continue apace, with bishops reporting a noticable improvement in the discipline of the clergy within their domains since the new Inquisition-led discipline policing began. With the death of the Holy Roman Emperor, the pope uses his influence to get the ecclesiastical Imperial Electors to support Heinrich of Brandenburg. The decision is made both out of respect for the agreement between Callixtus' predecessor and Poland, and because His Holiness believes Heinrich will be able to bring stability to the Empire. On hearing of the heathen Caliphate's embargo of poor maligned Ethiopia, the pope considers sending an embassy to the African bastion of Christianity, both to try to help it economically, and to tryto effect a reunification between the Ethiopian Orthodox Church and Rome. The embassy is expected to depart next year under the command of a Fransiscan friar. The Castillian Guard acquires two cannon. Sweden is asked if it is aware of the status of the settlements in Greenland.
 * Cologne: Trade generally prospers, returns from the printing press are useful, and the roads are improved. More and more young men begin to join the small militia based in Westphalen. Archbishop Dietrich II remains bedridden but clinging on to the last shreds of life; even in his final years, he remains “Dietrich the Patient”. When finally he hears of his good friend Adelphina becoming Saint Adelphina of Essen, he is finally able to smile: the wait was worth it. Meanwhile, Vicar General Wikbold II assists the archbishop in casting his vote for Holy Roman Emperor. Although Cologne was originally allied with Bohemia, it is now allied with Brandenburg and recognises that Brandenburg will make a good ruler. Its vote goes to Heinrich of Brandenburg. Further, a small envoy of cannons to Brandenburg bring Heinrich a token of their new alliance, a regal silver shield engraved with lions, and request that, in good faith, Brandenburg assure Cologne that it is willing to help enforce the implementation of Adelphinian Reforms throughout the Holy Roman Empire.
 * Essen: Habemus Sanctum! We have a saint! Joy erupts in the streets of Essen, for the people’s kind, intelligent leader, the most holy and devout Abbess Adelphina, has been canonised by Pope Callixtus IV! Abbess Sophia proclaims a national day of celebration and the people rejoice. Meanwhile, she continues the inquiry into Adelphina’s intercessory miracles. She hears of Adelphina restoring someone’s ability to walk, making the insane sane again, and waking people from comas. In addition to sending this information to the pope as requested, Sophia has her canonesses draft a small book recounting all of Saint Adelphina’s miracles that, by the end of the year, is printed in the Stelzner press and placed in the Essen Library, ready to begin wider distribution. In other news, the University of Essen continues to grow with canonesses bringing back wider knowledge every year. Finally, Essen offers the Duchy of Thuringen the trade deal of 1458 again in return for implementing Adelphinian Reforms, noting that the pope has now essentially endorsed this approach through canon law. In short, the reforms require the implementation of a Court of Ecclesiastical Discipline to ensure that the clergy members are not corrupt and not selling indulgences. Further, they require a greater emphasis on helping the poor through establishment of schools and infirmaries.
 * ​Brandenburg Dip: Heinrich agrees to the request but states that it will not be in his power to enforce but rather to persuade other hre members to adopt the reforms. The gift of the shield is accepted graciously and in exchange a statue is commissioned of the Saint Adelphina as a token of appreciation. The Pious Elsha is accepted as an acceptable bride for the young Otto as she is from an old noble family. Heinrich promises to protect the Archbishopric and to uphold the traditions of the church as best he can.
 * Kingdom of France: (I'm seriously posting soon) ...

1461
Mods, please remember to look at the mod page for any events.

'''Also, the rules concerning maximum military has been updated. Please remember to check it out'''

'''Also, nations in dynastic union can't act like a personal union. The rules should have been clear enough on that, but it seems some people aren't paying attention -Nate'''

'''The situation in Hungary, long held in a purgatory like state since the dispute of ownership, finally reaches its breaking point. Councils held to declare a new king have been split between the Austrian candidate and Ference Bathory, a prominent noble famous for his cruel treatment of Ottomans in previous conflicts. At a recent conference Bathory is nearly assassinated but the culprit is never identified. Civil war soon breaks out between the two sides, with nobles who fear Bathory’s bloodthirst and want Austrian aide in reconquering Croatia opposed to nobles who want to remain independent and support Bathory.'''

Concerned about the powers of Russia and Poland, the small states of Pskov and Smolensk form a defensive alliance.

'''Riots between Catholics and Orthodox occur in Constantinople. Peace is restored soldiers from the Kingdom of Greece and the City Guard.'''

'''The Elector of Brandenburg is elected Emperor Henry VIII of the Holy Roman Empire, ending rule of the white lion branch of the House of Luxembourg. He now needs to be crowned by the pope'''


 * Duchy of Burgundy: the first phase of the Charlian Reforms, their implementation in the northern Netherlands, has been all but completed. The second phase, the spread of the reforms to the southern Netherlands, begins this year. Meanwhile, a prototype for a new type of ship (the Hoy) makes its maiden voyage from Amsterdam. While it's too small to be used as a primary warship, its speed advantage over carrack allows it to be used as a scout, as well as giving it appeal to merchant cartels.


 * Korea continues to experience prosperity under a meritocratic bureaucracy led by monarch Yi Hyorin. It is now a year into the ten-year integration program, with the quota of Korean settlers rising until the quota's abolishment within nine years. Roads are paved throughtout Buk-in-do, to facilitate transportation between the province and the peninsula, and to promote commerce and links between the two. Jurchens are pressured to assimilated into Korean culture to deter separatist sentiment. Arable land in Manchuria is cultivated by Korean settlers, providing a new source of food for the country, and population growth becomes very favourable. Korean botanists begin cross-breeding rice cultivars, trying to find a new cultivar that can grow with relatively low amounts of water, and also withstand to the colder weather. If this is successful, the new rice cultivar could replace wheat as the primary grain grown in the province. Haesi-nam is renamed to Hwatae-si, while the island it resides in is named Hwatae-do. Hwatae-si is expanded upon, now with over two thousand Korean settlers. After years of conducting raids on Korean settlements, Korea invades the Sakhalin Ainus and the Oroks of central Hwatae-do, sending five thousand troops and a fleet of twenty ships to pacify both groups and to populate the area. Seotaeman is expanded upon. The two southernmost Kuril islands (collectively named Cheondo-ryeol) are colonized, and two small fishing posts, each with a hundred residents, are established. While Korea has set its sights on the rest of the island chain, it does not expand further as the weather up north is colder and while there is potential for the fishing industry, it is not worth it. Korea continues its long entrenched naval tradition, building lots of ships this year, mainly bigeodo, gwaseon, but also a few junks. Arsenals are upgraded, and the production of gunpowder weapons increases. Ships patrol neighbouring waters to consolidate naval presence and territorial integrity. Mahayana Buddhism under the Yi sect, which fuses Confucian doctrines and Muist rites, becomes increasingly ingrained into Korean culture. Yi Hyorin continues the encouragement of mercantile activities and commerce. Wealthy yangban patronize the arts and literature. Buildings are upscaled in beauty and sophistication to reflect Korea's growing affluence, while more people, especially those in the yangban, chung-in, and sang-in castes, choose partake in education.
 * Korea to Japan: The Koreans offer to sell the Seotaeman (Taiwan colony) for a taels, so long as the two thousand Korean settlers are repatriated back into the peninsula.
 * China to Korea: We offer to buy your colony in Taiwan as well the Kuril islands in return for three years of no tribute from you, allowing you to make more than you would by selling to Japan.
 * Korea to China: We refuse to accept the counteroffer as we are reluctant to sell our new colonies so quickly. Also, not paying tribute for one round does not make much of a difference.
 * Korea to Japan: We sell Seotaeman for 7500 taels.
 * Japanese Diplomacy: We accept. In return, the Japanese privateers will be instructed not to enter Korean waters. Japan offers to open Fukuoka for Korean traders. Also, Yi Hyorin is gifted a unique explicit work of art. It is very sticky, meaning the artist was passionate about his work.
 * Korea to Japan: We accept, and look forward to improve our strained relations.
 * The Gurkani Sultanate:  Sultan Zeeshan Beg Mirza continued his rule over the Sultanate, with Al Mansur An Nasir as the Caliph. The Gurkani population rose to about 34 million with the people flocking to cities like Herat, Isfahan, Gamrun, Qazvin, Bukhara, Tabriz and Iskenderun; primarily due to their strategic position in the spice trade. In regards to religion, the Sultanate promoted Shia Islam, and advocated conversion to the Zaidi sect from other Islamic sects, often engaging in forced conversions. The military was primarily composed of medium-to-heavy cavalry, composite bow, lance, mace, and sword. Heavy cavalrymen wore plated chain mail or metal lamellar armor, with their horses also wearing leather or metal lamellar barding. The infantry was equipped with daggers and swords to be utilised in close combat against the enemy and elephants as well as carts were used for the transportation of supplies. Cannons were constructed to serve as siege weaponry whilst hand cannons and rocket launchers were developed as gunpowder became increasingly popular. Naval bases were established at Iskenderun, Trabzon and Gamrun to establish the presence of the Gurkani fleet in the Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea and the Persian Gulf respectively, keen on controlling any piracy. The Gurkani Navy developed galleys and carracks to augment the smaller patrol fleets. Agriculture and commerce were at the Sultanate's forepoint, with wheat, rice and barley being amongst the largest produced crops. To prevent the Sultanate from ever getting hit by a major famine, the individual Amirs also engaged in the storage of food supplies, which would be utilized in case of famine or otherwise exported. Fishery was promoted as well as it helped in sustaining the fishery villages that were present along the coast, as well as the major port cities of Iskenderun, Basra, Gamrun, Kerch and Trabzon. Importance was also given on the development of proper roads for the merchants utilizing the trade routes through the Sultanate, with all caravans being armed and protected with a small detachment of guards. Meanwhile, the construction of educational madrassahs continued throughout the Empire, with the sultan keen on spreading education and knowledge amongst the populace of the Sultanate. The Sultan sought to replicate the Islamic Golden Age that existed during the period of the Abbasids prior to the Mongol Invasion, and accordingly funded the teaching of Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, with Algebra, Geometry, Astronomy, Anatomy and Medicine being of prime importance. The  lingua franca  promoted throughout the Sultanate was also Persian, primarily due to the fact that Persian had existed as the language spoken by communities in the region for centuries and as such served as an excellent language for communication. The Sultanate continued to expand its territories into the Caucasus and the Persian Gulf islands.  Diplomats are sent to the Khan of the Astrakhan Khanate. He is promised aid against the Russian Boyardom, and the maintainence of Astrakhan sovereignity if the Khan were to convert to the Zaidi sect of Shia Islam, and if he recognized Al Mansur Al Nasir and his successors as the true Caliphs instead of the Abbasid Caliphs. The Khan is reminded that since he already has blood ties with the Gurkani due to being a cousin of Sultan Zeeshan Beg, establishing this alliance would truly be beneficial for both parties and would allow for the return if a period of peace and prosperity. [MOD RESPONSE NEEDED] 
 * Khedivate of Trabzon: Amir Julius Megas Komnenos continued his reign over the city of Trabzon, with Julia Komnenos acting as the Regent. Acting as a vassal to the Gurkani Sultanate, he would only be answerable to the Gurkani Amir. The military and the navy were developed along the same lines as their Gurkani counterparts, with a major naval base constructed at the city of Trabzon, where the Trabzon fleet was also situated. Trabzoni authorities continue to work on the construction of a fleet at Trabzon, working side by side with Castilian authorities. The Trabzon Amir, Julius Komnenos would continue to develop the trade route leading from his Black Sea port of Trabzon, connecting it to the city of Tabriz, hoping to make the spice trade routes much more advanced and efficient. Stephen Komnenos is born.


 * Aragon begins to demobilise following the lowering of tensions with Portugal. The union with Castile into the United Kingdom of Great Iberia continues, and the Royal Armada now stands at over 500 ships (THIS IS NOW PERMISSIBLE ACCORDING TO REVISED RULES. PLEASE CORRECT ME IF I AM INCORRECT.), and the shipyards of Aragon continue working on creating more advanced vessels and our foundries continue researching more advanced weaponry to arm them. We deploy ships on Atlantic voyages in cooperation with Castilian ships. More to come


 * Portugal: Wall construction continues. Naval expansion continues. Exploration continues. Volta do Mar and the Cartaz continue to be enforced, this time with way rigor. Our factories continue to expand gaining increased influence around the natives. Exploration by Iberia is prevented with the Cartaz.
 * Aragonese Diplomacy: We are outraged by Portugal's blatant attempts to infringe on Great Iberia's rights to explore the seas. The Atlantic does not belong to Portugal, and thus enforcement of the Cartaz is to be ignored. Our ships are ordered to continue exploration of the Atlantic, and our ships are more heavily armed should the Portuguese choose to protest and continue to claim their non-existent right to control the Atlantic.
 * Aragon OOC: Also, factories aren't a thing. The Cartaz required the approval of the pope (which has not been given), and was for the Indian Ocean. Furthermore, Volta do Mar was not discovered until later in the century.
 * Burgundian Dip: with the Portuguese uppityness interfering with with Burgundys exploration and trade, the Burgundian Navy will support the Iberians against the nuisance Portuguese.
 * Because they have infringed upon our exploration, trade and territory, the Crown of Castile and Aragon declare war upon the Kingdom of Portugal. Fernando of Eca presses his Grandfather's claim, as well as defending his claim to Morocco, leads the march on Faro while the navy of Castile and Burgundy fights under de Luxomburg once again and begins a naval battle outside of Lisbon.
 * 500 Portuguese troops battle the Castilian army at the minor city of Monte Gordo
 * Aragon: We celebrate the final victory over Portugal, and urge Burgundy and Castile to sign the treaty to end the war and determine the terms of peace.


 * Ethiopia: The previous year while in Ethiopia Baram sent a letter to his soon to be step-father that Ethiopia will send food to his side of the civil war. And he will return in six months whether the war is over or not to help his "Family." Zera sends a large caravan of food every two months the friendly Benin. While in his search for lost artifacts of Ethiopian kings, Zera finds most of Ezanas artifacts, and instantly orders his sword reforged for his heirs. Baram selects 60 royal guard members to learn the Bini landscape from rough maps he drew while there. The men will return with him to Benin. (Alright, post for this turn.) With the largest caravan being sent to Benin, comes Prince Baram and his riders, and his Reforged sword of Ezana. However, before he left he established a more dynamic title for the provincial governors will now be know a Ras, for his more distant fathers sake. Farms are expanded in the flat lands to provide more food for the growing population. Small fishing villages are established in Abbasid land unknown to that of the Ethiopian Emperor. 
 * Bini Diplomacy (Royalists): We implore you to keep Baram in Ethiopia until the war has been won. Should he wish to forego our advice, he may stay. But know that we may not be able to provide adequate protection for the young prince in our war. We appreciate the food supplied by the Ethiopian people, and send out regards to the Emperor of Ethiopia.
 * Iroquois Nation: The numbers from last year's census are finally collected and it's averaged that 45,000 people are living under the rule of Chief Apenimon and his council. We continue refining tobacco, always striving for the perfect blend. Bean, squash and corn production rises. Chief Apenimon requires that all children attending one of the three schools learn a second language, most likely Algonquin. Study of Etchemin's story continues, a few people start to agree with those that say that the winds can be controlled, many still believe that Hinon would punish someone for attempting to fight him. Tiohero (OTL Toledo) continues to flourish with all western trade coming through it while Catcodoga (OTL Quebec) continues to grow. The northern trade routes are expanded so two sled dogs can travel side by side. The new capital in Sustawan (OTL Ithaca) sees minor growth, mainly in its defenses. The wall has six sides and at each point is a guardpost and two braves can walk beside each other atop the walls.


 * Ngarrindjeri: The Lord Ngintaka spoke to Tjilbruke, saying "behold, I bring you out of these people as a new nation of civilization such as the times of the First Ones. Heed my words and follow the statutes of the Dreaming and you will prosper greatly, you and your descendents". Tjilbruke then spread these words of Lord Ngintaka throughout the whole valley. Among these words included a complete ban of cannibalism as an abomination, such that only the blood of animals may be shed. Also, all males over 12 years old are commanded to wear a distinctive turban to show them as more civilized than others. Also, there were several mandates of living made, ensuring all members of the tribe dwell in established villages, and to centralize them into organized polities. Now, hearing these words, the local Dreamspeakers disdained these words, as well as the clan leaders, scoffing that such a miracle could ever happen. So Tjilbruke went back to Lord Ngintaka, and asked for a sign. Ngintaka picked up stones and gave them to Tjilbruke, saying "these stones will fly, just as your people will soon rise as well". So Tjilbruke went back to the Dreamspeakers and clan leaders, and told them these words, but was only met with mockary. So he took up the stones and hurled them into the air, and behold, they transformed into birds and flew into the sunset. All were marveled by what they saw, and immediately began venerating Tjilbruke as a powerful shaman.


 * Ferdinand of Austria Leaving Budapest after the council of Budapest ends in civil war. Being crowned King by His supporters, and with the blessing of the Bishop of Salzburg, Ferdinand raises the Armies of Austria and Bavaria, with the goal of Leading the Archducal guards and other troops into Hungary to defend his crown. In All, thirty thousand troops are raised, as well as numerous other mercenary bands, increasing that number even further. Ferdinand also raises troops from the loyal nobles in Hungary itself, adding sixteen thousand men to his forces. Once both armies are marshaled, forty thousand men march toward [insert city here] while the rest remain in reserve: the men, with several thousand armed with arquebuses and a substantial Archducal torrenta (siege engines and cannons). The Massive force moves across Hungary, hungry to defend their newly crowned king. Only battle tactics will tell who will succeed to the Hungarian throne in truth, as the wits of Ferdinand von Habsburg-Wittelsbach and Ference Bathory will be pitted against each other. Meanwhile, further integration occurs between Austria and Bavaria, bringing both nations closer and closer to a true union, with many wishing for a "united crown in truth and in law" especially after the oddities that had previously happened, and the Austrians and Bavarians fighting side-by-side in many wars in conflicts in the past, building further Kinship between the peoples.
 * The Archbishop of Salzburg blesses Ferdinand's campaign and declares him true King of Hungary. Meanwhile, Salzburg, which continues to implement the Adelphinian reforms within the territory, wishing to keep all Religious authorities happy within its land, as it is a theocracy.
 * Wallachian Dip: Wallachia offers to support Austrian claims to the Hungarian throne with manpower and support, if a reciprocated alliance is gained, and Austria supports Wallachia to be the Dominant power in the Balkans.
 * Austria is interested in its offer, eager to secure its easten and southern flanks in secure support of friendy powers. Austria accepts this alliance.


 * Delhi Sultanate: We continue military expansion on land and sea, and we continue to guard our cities. The Eastern Myth continues to spread. We continue to build mosques, schools, libraries, and universities. We continue to build roads, including ones to our newly acquired vassal in Nepal. Trade deals are struck on land and overseas. We continue to promote the growth of our cities, especially our port city of Puri. From our newly acquired vassal in Nepal, we form the Himalaya Kingdom, an Delhian tributary. The marriage of one of the Sultan's nephews with the daughter of a wealthy noble from Kathmandu forms a new dynasty to rule over these lands. Settlers from Delhi proper begin settling in Himalaya, Hindus and Muslims alike, and troops are stationed throughout Himalaya to pacify any resistance.
 * Himalaya Kingdom: Since the kingdom is a Hindu majority nation, along with a Buddhist minority, these remain the chief religions; even so, conversion to Islam is encouraged. Mosques are constructed, and roads help connect Himalaya to the rest of Delhi. Even though Himalaya is a kingdom by name, the king of Himalaya (the Sultan's nephew) has a plan that, as Islamic influence grows in Himalaya, the title will slowly transfer from kingdom to sultanate.
 * Swahili: The nation's income continues to grow, both from increased tariffs and from the Royal Trade Fleet. Our manufacturers expand and make more money. We expand southward to connect our realm. 10,000 local tribesman and foreign settlers became citizens of our nation last year due to our policies of land reclamation and immigration attraction. Our trading fleet reached Benin and we learn some of Benin's technology.
 * Swahili Dip: We send money, grain and other foodstuffs to the Bahmanis to help aid them in the famine.


 * Kingdom of Ireland: The construction of the Royal palace has been finished in 1453, while the road network had been completed in 1457. Due to this, there is higher stability in the Kingdom due to the increased power and prestige of the King as well as increased trade due to the roads. We continue to expand our education system as we build more schools across the country. We have finished the print shop in Cork and now begin producing books, broadsheets, and printing presses. We begin equipping the Library of Cork and the Cork University with printing presses to store important knowledge and encourage literacy. With English help, we expand our shipbuilding facilities and begin building a modern navy. We begin to centralise power with the king beginning to be able to wield more power and are considering to begin moving away from feudalism to a more efficient system. We build fortifications in our lands as well as beginning to expand pre-existing towns and cities. Cork now has a population of 18,000 and is quickly turning into a bustling city. we begin to try to assimilate them by teaching them Gaelic and our culture. We begin planning reforms to increase our economy. We begin to develop the economy be building mines across the country, as well as encouraging cottage industries. We give money to many of the lords to develop their lands. We begin major expansions and renovations in the print shop and the University in order to increase learning. (Finished 1464) The King welcomed his son, Thomas Fitzgerald back from his studies in England. We begin to strengthen the Bank of Ireland( Formerly Bank of Desmond) in order to finance infrastructure.
 * Tibet: Since getting the new vassal of Nepal - which we call West Nepal - we build up schools and temples. We also adopt the Ming government system and we build our army. We ask Kangra to be our vassal (mod response needed).
 * Delhian Diplomacy: We once again warn Tibet to stop interfering with potential Indian expansion north. As a result, Delhi proposes a counter-offer to Kangra to become our vassal for 75,000 rupees, among the defensive and economic benefits being part of Delhi would bring. (MOD RESPONSE)
 * Tibet: We one up Delhi by asking Kangra to be our vassal for 150,000 tael and better defensive and economic benefits (Mod Response).
 * Delhian Diplomacy: We warn Kangra that joining Tibet would be a rash mistake, continuing to tell them that you would be defended much more effectively as a Delhian vassal, pointing out Tibet's sparse population and small military.
 * OOC Delhi: Really?! "Better economic and defensive benefits"? You have literally no military, so what kind of defensive benefit is that? Additionally, you have no access to the sea, no access to the rest of India, no way to get to the Gurkanis, yu really can't go anywhere; that is definitely no economic benefit there.
 * West Nepal: We kick out any Muslims and pro-Delhi poeple and we start burning any mosques and start building a wall to block out Muslims and pro-Delhi people.
 * Papal States: His Holiness is annoyed at the news of the riots in Constantinople, and sends a letter to his brother-Patriarch of Constantinople to get his Eastern clergy to assist the Dominicans in showing the goodness of the unification of the Churches. Furthermore, His Holiness decides that next year he will undertake an Apostolic Voyage to Constantinople and co-celebrate an Eastern Divine Liturgy in the Hagia Sophia: as clear a sign as any to the people of the strength and genuineness of the bond between East and West. In other news, the Pope crowns the new Holy Roman Emperor in a lavish ceremony in Rome (presumably). His Holiness' homily focuses on the Emperor's role as defender of the Catholic faith. Two major diplomatic events occur this year. Firstly, an embassy is sent to Ethiopia to discuss a resumption of full communion between the Ethiopian Orthodox Church and the Holy See. The embassy, led by a prominent and kind Franciscan, also asks the Emperor about potential ways the Pope can help his fellow Christian nation withstand the heathen Caliphate's embargo. Secondly, the Legate to Sweden travels to Norway and asks the King about the status of the Greeland settlement, specifically its diocese, Garðar. (Skyboi, you're my only hope.)
 * Sultanate of Bengal: Rukunuddin Barbak Shah orders the construction of fortifications in the main Bengali port of Chatagon. Ten trebuchets are installed to defend the port, and the secondary port of Saptagram is also fortified. The Bengali Navy conducts defensive maneuvers. The Sultan also orders the expansion of irrigation throughout the Sultanate. The Sultan also orders the further dissemination of The Eastern Myth, and Gunturists found to be in the country illegally are deported (but not physically harmed unless they respond with violence). Border controls are tightened, and many are turned away on suspicion of being Guitarist. The Bengali Navy's expansion to 100 ships is expected to complete in 1479.
 * Ahom Kingdom: Susenphaa orders the development of the Ahom infrastructure, and Rukunuddin Barbak Shah warns him of the dangers of Gunturism.
 * Wallachia: Vasili Dracultesti (the great general) having been the Gran Prince of Wallachia for years sees multiple surrounding threats to his power, all of which however are relatively weakened. Vasili does a military census to gather about as many troops as he potentially could and recognizes a decent force could be raised. Vasili with the weakness of the Ottomans begins a few months of preparation campaign in which he will muster the full might of any and all Romanians he can muster and march on the Ottomans to move south into Bulgaria. His charismatic but also somewhat sadistic leadership is something that all Romanians dont just fear, but immensely respect. In preparation for the invasion infrastructure around the border is built up and stockpiles of weaponry and materials are built up. Vasili makes his intent to seize the remainder of Ottomans' Europe known to his nobles and even begins looking to recruit Bulgarian nobility to bolster his forces. This finally leads to the Wallachian invasion of Ottoman Europe with the expressed intent of driving the Turks from Europe once and for all which slams into the frontiers and quickly beelines for the Aegean coast securing many major cities along the way. In a show of absolute brutality and revenge to the Turks, Vasili has every captured living Turk sailed across the aegean and they are impaled at intervals all along the coast on the anatolian side. A giant grouping of them is left in Izmir near an Ottoman city and a message is left. "Never cross these seas again, or the same will be done to not just your soldiers, but your citizens". With this conquest having ended rather quickly, with the routed ottomans. Vasili goes to every effort to begin unifying this new state and with vast support of Wallachians and Bulgarians he confirms the rights of all the boyars allowing the resumption of many of their lands and officially absorbs all of Ottoman Europe and any of its islands in the Aegean. He also exacts a heavy payment from the ottomans amounting to nearly the entirety of their treasury and horde, as well as many other Turkish valuables and art in order to gain a tribute worth building a new state off of. The vast majority of the nobility from both the Wallachians and Bulgarians as well as the peseants see Vasili as an absolute hero, having regained independence from the great Turkish menace and taken the fight to them in such a spectacular way. Vasili in an attempt to make good with his now massive Bulgarian population marries the young daughter of the Asen family, the last royal family to hold the title of Tsar in bulgaria so as to seal off any loose ends in his claim to the Bulgar throne. While also in an attempt to bring a more central location to his new kingdom, Vasili establishes his capital in Tarnovo in Bulgaria just across the border. Vasili Dracultesti now with his new Queen Anastasiya Asen begins assembling the Boyars for a grand coronation the next year to crown him Tsar of Bulgaria. Generally, many of the Wallachians celebrate for the new independence of their Bulgar brethren and many of the Wallachian nobility already knowing Bulgarian begin using it at their primary tongue
 * Chinese Empire: The Empire continues to grow as its population booms. Seeing the collapsing Empire in the south, Chiang Mai are offered protection as a Chinese vassal state, being promised to be protected from raiders or rampaging Kmehr seperatists. (MOD RESPONSE)  The military is expanded to 600,000 men, being trained to be loyal to the Emperor while those that are disloyal to the Empire are quietly executed or sent into exile, ensuring the purity of the military in order to avoid another Liu rebellion.  The navy is expanded to 900 of the latest ships, ensuring Chinese supremacy in its own coastal waters as well as allowing for the Empire to make its will at sea known if the need should ever arise. As the navy is expanded, naval admirals begin urging the Emperor to establish more based in order to extend Chinese influence and secure the Empires status and safety. While many scoff that the Empire is untouchable, the Emperor agrees to the idea, noting the Mongolian rebels, and that if more military bases and a larger military presence had been in the region at the time, it would have failed. This spurs the creation of new colonies and and want for naval and military bases to spread the reach of China and preserve its strength as well as combat any future potential enemies with superior supply lines and bases to go through. Our colonies in Taiwan and Luzon continue to flourish as more settlers are sent.   We send Ambassadors to our protectorate in Tondo about purchasing land from the nation for a naval base (MOD RESPONSE). We send a second ambassador to Vietnam in order to begin talks on purchasing a similiar base in the southern portion of there nation.  The regions annexed from Mongolia are heavily settled with state direction, making them heavily Chinese and becoming the dominant culture in the area within a few years thanks to the states encouragement.


 * Mongolia: The Gong continues to accept the flow of Chinese immigration, as it continues to improve the state as a whole and improve the economy, with the total number of Chinese in Mongolia now numbering around 85,000. Mongolia continues to expand northward as settlers continue to flow into the nation. The nation is mostly recovered now from the recent rebellion, with the total amount of life lost being aproximatley 43,000 Mongolian rebel hordes dying from there assault on the capital city. Government roads now tie the country together and roads link up with China increasing the flow of settlers and income as trade begins to blossom at an increasing rate. The Mongolian military reaches 30,000 men, while another 30,000 Chinese soldiers are stationed with them, teaching them how to fight and use the latest weaponry.
 * China's protectorate in Tondo declines the offer, fearing that more Sino-influence in the region would lead to the dissolution of their traditional way of life.
 * Chieng Mai accepts protection from China but would deliberate with its nobility before accepting being a vassal


 * Japan: The Ashikaga Shogunate, which has seen years of economic prosperity, begins sending scouts out through Indonesia to find native peoples with which to trade. The most profitable trades Japan see are the tea trade and the spice trade. Japanese trading posts are proposed on several islands. However, in order to make the way faster and safer for ships, Japan realizes it must build trading posts and colonies along the way to Indonesia. Enter: the Wokou. These Japanese pirates have made a name for themselves, being a problem for every nation in and along the East China Sea, Japan included. In recent years, Japan has eased their enforcement against the Wokou because of Korean warmongering, allowing the Wokuo to operate unmolested in over half of the Sea of Japan. Japan issues Min'ei-ka Law: any and all Wokuo who register with Japan and act in Japanese interests, up to and including occasionally performing duties as ordered by the Shogun and Emperor of Japan, will be rewarded. The Wokuo who act in Japanese interests become the Jukou ('giant bandits,' as opposed to Wokuo, which means 'dwarf bandits'). The Jukou are forbidden from raiding Japanese and Chinese ships, but are allowed to raid any other ship or colony. Maps are given to the Jukou of Indonesia. Their first mass order is to capture and bring back ships, gold, and commodities they just happen to find. In the meantime, Japanese traders discover the island of Ogasawara while attempting to find a faster way to Indonesia. The Shogun expresses curiosity. In the meantime, the Japanese navy sees massive expansion, especially in the Sea of Japan in order to protect its trade routes, and in the currents to Taiwan. Old ships are retired and used in parts for new ships. The colonies on Hokkaido and Taiwan both expand. Shogun Ashikaga Yoshikage works on bringing Shiba even closer to the Imperial family, visiting Edo this year. The Japanese pornography trade allows the Japanese economy to swell even more. Explicit items are sent to China as tribute while other unique works of *ahem* art are offered to Korea. A pornographic statue is sent to Majapahit for no reason other than to say 'hello and good day from your friends in Japan.' Its sticky exterior already hints of being annointed by the artist himself.
 * Duchy of Thuringen: The city guard continues to defend the capital city of Erfurt. Our military grows by adding more recruits each year. We continue to trade a lot with our neighboring states. Farming goes well in our nation this year. Peace is upon our nation since Europe is currently not going through any type of wars and such. Our citizens are happy with the current situation of our nation. Our leader is happy that Emperor Henry VIII of Brandenburg is elected Emperor of the HRE. The rule of the White Lion is now over and peace can be restored in the HRE.
 * Khmer: A new Buddhist king named Sutka rises to power, effectively ending the civil war. In order to bring peace to the region, he allows freedom of religion and promises not to govern the nation based on his faith. This bring unstable peace to the nation. In order to solidify this new national identity, Sutka begins to build up the military even more, and promises to continue Khmer's expansion. (More to come next turn. I'm lazy at the moment.)
 * Majapahit Empire: After a period of deliberation and debate, Gustimaharaja Wuwamba Yuda effectively declares the lost missionary from Angkor Wat two years ago to be known as Guru Makutha, and effectively declares him a martyr. Makutha was a missionary who began to preach and convert locals in the Khmer Empire prior to the Khmer Civil War, and the day he was thrown off a tower in Ankgor Wat, he gave a speech before the public, detailing his views on the history of Southeast Asia and the emergence of Gunturism, and how Buddha is seen as a messenger of the Trimurti, albeit with a misinterpretation that led to Buddhism (OOC: Gunturism has Buddhist elements). However, he was then sent to the top of the tower and thrown to his death. This becomes an inspiration for future converts to the faith and spread the word of the Trimurti. More missionaries are sent in to Southeast Asia (including Burma and Bengal) by both legal and illegal means, and a few are sent off to Lanka (OTL Sri Lanka/the former Kotte) by illegal means. The colony of Papua is expanded east from the Bird's Head Peninsula by 13 px and south from Kesuburan by 8 px. The Maluku Islands continue cultural integration, while the construction of infrastructure continues.
 * Kingdom of England and Scotland: In England, we continue our policy of aggressive deportation resulting in Scottish and English ethnicity slowly becoming more similar due to interbreeding while the governments of the two kingdoms remain separate. At Portsmouth another ten ships are constructed and added to the English fleet while the expansion of a grammar school and university system leads to a lot more people having access to education mainly in towns and cities where these schools can be attended. Trade abroad continues especially with Benin which is a lucrative source of goods. At Oxford, Cambridge and St Andrews, the academic race starts with all three universities competing to have the largest libraries as well as the highest quality of teaching and the Crown encourages the competition with rewards when one university excels causing internal rivalry.
 * Cologne: Having seen his final wishes come true, Archbishop Dietrich II makes a final speech on the importance of patience as a virtue before dying the next day of old age. The canons gather together to elect a new archbishop and eventually settle on Emmerich von Berg, who is incredibly adept with numbers and has ambitious plans for what Cologne should do with the money it has saved up during Dietrich II’s reign. He holds a lavish ceremony in Dietrich’s honour, calling him a devout man of utmost courage. Meanwhile, he continues Dietrich’s work with the militia, offering a small sum to any man who promises to make a living out of working to defend his country, and bidding the local people to support their warriors. Returns from the printing press continue to pour in, as does revenue from trade, and the roads leading to Cologne’s main port are finished.
 * Essen: Abbess Sophia wishes beautiful Elsha best of luck and a happy marriage, and bids Elsha to write frequent letters. Meanwhile, the Book of Saint Adelphina’s Miracles is circulated throughout Cologne and Westphalen using the printing press. Finally, the university continues to grow and now begins to teach biology and chemistry.
 * Kingdom of France: Charles VII of France continues to rule and be regent of Lorraine for his son. With his fourth year of rule he continues to focus on military and make mobilization throughout France more effective. Lot More to Come...
 * Benin: The war in Benin rages on, with the Irredentists marching to take the city of Asale, where they hope to gain a major foothold in the Royalists territory. The Royalists respond aggressively, moving to open a second front in the southwestern regions of Benin where the Irredentists have left only a small force to maintain the frontline against Edo. From his base in Niani, Enekirighidi attempts to reason with the clergymen of the Edo-dominated faction in the civil war, pointing to the clear evidence of Usiobaifo's involvement with the assassination of Oba Isikhuan in 1459. The representatives of the Dari Council of the Kuzir clergy state that they cannot take sides openly, given that Usiobaifo would have them all killed and their families scourged for their refusal to acknowledge his rule in Edo. Prince Usiobaifo on the otherhand seeks to cleanse the land under his control of Irredentist supporters, brutally cracking down on those who voice their support for Iyase Enekirighidi with the backing of the Metropolitan Army forces under his command, and killing their families as well. Enekirighidi himself is no better in that he forces many tens of thousands of civilians into serving as porters for his troops, leading to many dying during their forced service for the Imperial Army. Nearly 200,000 civilians have died during the first year of the war, as well as 50,000 warriors from both sides of the fight. Many regions where the war is taking place have witnessed many civilians fleeing the land to other parts of Benin, where they hope they will remain safe from the war. However, with the collapse of manpower in some regions of Benin along the Niger River, crops have not been brought in for the harvest season in many places, leading to famine. Members of the statistician branch of the oluko believe this will result in a devastating famine if the issue is not dealt with immediately.
 * Ethiopian OOC: Look at my turn.
 * King Olaf of Sweden: Nils fully takes over administration policies and is now a grown man. I propose the bethrothal of Adele to the Heir of Brandenburg. Eric is sent back to Denmark as a new man, schizophrenic but dilligent, with a bethrothal proposal in hand for Kristina (mod response, please). I continue a policy of expanding eastward in Finland, to reach the Russian border. I support Declan O' Connor's venture to kill pagans in Finland and fund him. In order to cheer Demetrius up, I go to his castle and drink some beer with him. This doesn't cheer him up, though. I reaffirm my alliance with Brandenburg and secretly agree to their plan. Harald likes to be aggressive, like his uncle Björn. The city of Riksdag, capital of the Scandinavian Empire is completed and built. I find my son Magnus painting two paintings, and I am yet to know what they are.
 * Duke Eric of Visby: Visby is officially given the Olafinian Reforms, and the Gutnish cheer. I set up a merchant board and begin preparing for the Grand Plan. My son Ludwig is cheerful and a good lad.
 * In the Bahmani Sultanate, it is a busy year. Prayers are given at all the temples and mosques of the nation in thanks for the end of the famine. Ismail Shah decided to take measures to ensure that any such future occurrence-construction is started on a larger irrigation system (this will complete in about five years) and the patchwork system of individual nobles is replaced by an orderly system of subahs (provinces) each lead by a subahdar (governor) appointed by the Sultan. Nine subahs are created: Sindh, Gujarat, Bahmanistan, Deccan, Andhra, Carnactic, Malabar, Sri Lanka, and the Laccadives. Fortification of several ports on the east coast is begun, to protect the Bahmanid fleet, (which is also expanded) from any further Majapahit incursions. A few Gunturist missionaries trying to sneak into Bahmanid territory are caught and sent back to their homeland. In response, all Gunturists in Bahmanid territory are exiled to the Laccadives. (May it be noted that this is the most generous treatment of the Indian Sultanates-just for the record). Ismail is appalled by the Tibetan treatment of Muslims, but regrets that he is too far away to do anything about it. Muhammad Shah visits Bengal for the first time.
 * Kingdom of Burma: Binnya Dala continues to build a Burmese fleet, and also works on the construction of a fortified port for it. He warns the Bhuddists that the new combination of Bhuddism with Gunturism shows just how much of sham Gunturism is-they are willing to throw their beliefs out the window to gain power.
 * Majapahit Diplomacy: We would like to point out that we have officially deciphered your so-called "Eastern Myth" and would like to point out that the paranoia of Ismail Shah and both Buddhism's and Hinduism's desperation to attack the Gunturists have allowed the forged documents to be falsely confused for actual records and for the Trimurti's word to go blind. As a result, we are willing to notify you that your failure of a propaganda campaign is starting to unfold.
 * (OOC Bahmanids): No offense, Ace, but when were you appointed S. Asia mod?

1462
'''The population of Algeria greatly increases as a result of children from those deported from Morocco. Some of this new generation gathers in nomadic communities in African Sultanate, taking a culture of exile from their ancient homeland.'''

''' With the Khmer Empire restored to unity, albeit still seeing much instability, the state of Southeast Asia turn their economics back toward the Hindu empire. '''

''' In India, the result of the "Eastern Myth" for now has spread the knowledge of Gunturism to the Hindu populations that did not originally know about it. The semi-legendary figure of Guntur, albeit in a distorted caricature, is featured for the first time in Indian literature '''


 * Duchy of Burgundy: Burgundy formally takes possession of the Azores islands, which are renamed the Sint Michael (Saint Michael) Islands. The Portuguese population is allowed to stay if they take an oath of loyalty to the Duke of Burgundy. Those that don't are forced to find transit to Portugal. With Portuguese hindrance no longer an issue, exploration down the African coast and trade with Benin increases.


 * The Gurkani Sultanate:  Sultan Zeeshan Beg Mirza continued his rule over the Sultanate, with Al Mansur An Nasir as the Caliph. The Gurkani population rose to about 34 million with the people flocking to cities like Herat, Isfahan, Gamrun, Qazvin, Bukhara, Tabriz and Iskenderun; primarily due to their strategic position in the spice trade. In regards to religion, the Sultanate promoted Shia Islam, and advocated conversion to the Zaidi sect from other Islamic sects, often engaging in forced conversions. The military was primarily composed of medium-to-heavy cavalry, composite bow, lance, mace, and sword. Heavy cavalrymen wore plated chain mail or metal lamellar armor, with their horses also wearing leather or metal lamellar barding. The infantry was equipped with daggers and swords to be utilised in close combat against the enemy and elephants as well as carts were used for the transportation of supplies. Cannons were constructed to serve as siege weaponry whilst hand cannons and rocket launchers were developed as gunpowder became increasingly popular. Naval bases were established at Iskenderun, Trabzon and Gamrun to establish the presence of the Gurkani fleet in the Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea and the Persian Gulf respectively, keen on controlling any piracy. The Gurkani Navy developed galleys and carracks to augment the smaller patrol fleets. Agriculture and commerce were at the Sultanate's forepoint, with wheat, rice and barley being amongst the largest produced crops. To prevent the Sultanate from ever getting hit by a major famine, the individual Amirs also engaged in the storage of food supplies, which would be utilized in case of famine or otherwise exported. Fishery was promoted as well as it helped in sustaining the fishery villages that were present along the coast, as well as the major port cities of Iskenderun, Basra, Gamrun, Kerch and Trabzon. Importance was also given on the development of proper roads for the merchants utilizing the trade routes through the Sultanate, with all caravans being armed and protected with a small detachment of guards. Meanwhile, the construction of educational madrassahs continued throughout the Empire, with the sultan keen on spreading education and knowledge amongst the populace of the Sultanate. The Sultan sought to replicate the Islamic Golden Age that existed during the period of the Abbasids prior to the Mongol Invasion, and accordingly funded the teaching of Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, with Algebra, Geometry, Astronomy, Anatomy and Medicine being of prime importance. The  lingua franca  promoted throughout the Sultanate was also Persian, primarily due to the fact that Persian had existed as the language spoken by communities in the region for centuries and as such served as an excellent language for communication. The Sultanate continued to expand its territories into the Caucasus and the Persian Gulf islands.  Relations between the Gurkani and the Russians had always been tense, particularly since the Burning of Moscow. Since then, the Russian aggressive policy in Eastern Europe had been viewed with disdain by the Gurkani, and relations reached an all time low when the Russians annexed half of the Astrakhan Khanate; capturing Sultan Shahrukh Mirzas daughter and son-in-law. Following the White War, whilst the Gurkani Sultan had tried his very best to mend ties and sought goodwill and friendship; the Russians rejected each and every attempt by the Gurkani. Their introduction of the Russian fleet in the Sea of Azov and later the Black Sea was seen as a clear attempt to intimidate the Gurkani, and when the Russians later signed an alliance with the Abbasids, it was clear they were trying to encircle the Gurkani. What finally reveald the true nature of the Russians was when they invaded Crimea, marching down the Caucasus in 1441, only to retreat with their tails between their legs after encountering the Gurkani military. The Gurkani had temporarily decided not to persue the Russians but the Gurkani would not forget, and they would not forgive. Taking into account the recent crisis in Russia with the peasant revolt, the Gurkani Sultan received blessings from Caliph Al Mansur and declared war upon the Russians, sending an army of 255,000 troops, led by Mahmud Mirza to attack the Russian port city of Rostov on Don. Diplomats are simultaneously sent to the Astrakhan Khanate, requesting them to reconquer their historic territories from the Russians and take their place as the true successors of the Golden Horde by reclaiming Sarai. [MOD RESPONSE]
 * The Astrakhan Khanate declines. -Sky.
 * Khedivate of Trabzon: Amir Julius Megas Komnenos continued his reign over the city of Trabzon, with Julia Komnenos acting as the Regent. Acting as a vassal to the Gurkani Sultanate, he would only be answerable to the Gurkani Amir. The military and the navy were developed along the same lines as their Gurkani counterparts, with a major naval base constructed at the city of Trabzon, where the Trabzon fleet was also situated. Trabzoni authorities continue to work on the construction of a fleet at Trabzon, working side by side with Castilian authorities. The Trabzon Amir, Julius Komnenos would continue to develop the trade route leading from his Black Sea port of Trabzon, connecting it to the city of Tabriz, hoping to make the spice trade routes much more advanced and efficient.
 * Ngarrindjeri: The wealth and prestige of Tjilbruke continued to increase, possessing the majority of the land's wealth and owning the farms from most of the clans. As Tjilbruke rose to this position, he instituted the commandments of the Lord Ngintaka across all the tibes of the valley. All cannibalism was henceforth abolished, and anyone caught in that abominable act was taken out of the village and hung on a tree. Many turbans were manufactured and given to all the males in the land over 12 years of age, distinguishing them from those who did not follow the commandments of Lord Ngintaka. All the villages, according tot he words of Ngintaka, were established as small cities, with the residents given tasks fit for their clan. Tjilbruke gave all that he had as stewardship under his son, Kulutuwi, who he loved more than life itself. This year, however, the great monster Bunyip came out of the Murray river and consumed an entire farmland, killing hundreds of wombats and emu.
 * Just out of interest, how are these turbans being made? Callumthered (talk) 14:00, September 17, 2016 (UTC)


 * Crown of Iberia
 * Within the Crown of Castile, the nation celebrates the victory over Portugal. Castile finances reconstruction after the War. Meanwhile, Castile hosts the diplomatic envoy from Benin.This prompts King Sancho to come into contact with the faith of Kuzirism. Sancho considers the intellectual aspects of Kuzirism as a potentially limitless tool of empire building and growth. He begins to write his own intellectual manifesto, titled Las Teorías de la Gran Humanidad. Cortez and Blanco continue to spread their literary works across the Empire. The Navy stands at 580 warships, Population of Castile stands at five million. The Kingdom of Gibraltar has a population of 150,000. Canals and irrigation continue to enrich the soil of North Morocco, increasing agricultural output
 * The incorporation of Portugal into Great Iberia continues. This is the subject of significant discussion in the court of Aragon. The Royal Council begins discussions with that of Castile as to how the government of the new King of Portugal will be structured. With all military assets of Portugal now under Iberian control, our engineers begin studying Portuguese naval technologies and military equipment, in the hope that some of Portugal's less outdated technology can be adapted into new weapons, armour, etc., for the Iberian military. In other news, Eleanor I announces the birth of her and Sancho's second child, Princess Arianne, named after her deceased aunt. More to come.
 * Within the Kingdom of Portugal (Vassal of Castile), Fernando attempts to reestablish order, but the French betrayal of Castile prompts him to rally his forces of 15,000 men and support his home nation. Fernando swears loyalty to Castile, and to prove it he moves his wife to Toledo.
 * Within the Kingdom of Morocco, the population stands at 550,000 berbers and 150,000 Spaniards. Infrastructure projects, much like the ones practiced in Gibraltar, increase the agricultural output of Morocco.
 * Within the Republic of Liguria, Spinola rallies a small token force of 5000. Not wanting to spread manpower too thin, Castile offers to sell the territory to Milan if they crush the revolt. The nations ship yards remain heavily damaged however, and it is unlikely that Genoa will ever reclaim its position as the dominant med navy.
 * Within the Duchy of Athens, Duke Antonio Trastámara establishes a unitary school system, spreading the Spanish languge through out the nation. A garrison of 8000 men is established given the rise in violence within the area.
 * Majapahit Empire: The Empire continues to send missionaries into Southeast Asia and Lanka, via both legal and illegal means, whereas one of the Gunturists in India being exiled begins to instigate civil unrest, in order to stand up to the tyranny of Sultan Ismail Shah, whose would-be killer has secretly infiltrated the country, posing as a local Muslim. Meanwhile, the Maluke Islands continue cultural integration, while following the expansion of various local Muslim navies, Gustimaharaja Wuwamba Yuda orders the construction of 140 ships by 1470, to which he expects to use these ships to maintain naval superiority. The missionaries in Burma and Bengal are then both secretly ordered to instigate unrest in both nations at ocassional intervals. Infrastructure continues to be constructed.
 * Papua: Papua's settlements near the initial Kesuburan settlement expand east by 6 px while the settlements near Bird's Head Peninsula is expanded eastward by 15 px.
 * OOC Bengal: Let me quote MP from Naples' turn in 1401: "For better relations between players, we're not going to have players be assassinated." ~LordM
 * Ethiopia: To be straight we are sending supplies to the Irredentists, and the prince is currently stationed with Iyase Enekirighidi. Zera is happy with the artifacts he has fount and decided he will be more public again. The firs thing he does is visit the church of our Lady Mary and preys with a large crowd. He begins to distribute found again back to the towns of the empire. The villages of the Blue Nile are growing more prosperous as the years continue. With Baram leaving his first set of notes at home for his father, Zera begins to enact some reforms. He establishes a group of people to clean of the cities, and they will be payed right from the emperor. He also ask his best engineers to experiment with using the Blue Nile and Lake Tana to bring water into his palace.


 * Korea continues to experience prosperity under a meritocratic bureaucracy led by monarch Yi Hyorin. Korea adopts a militarist policy, believing it will be needed to protect Korea from external threats and insurgencies. Funds are diverted to the development of industrial complexes supporting the military. Workshops specializing in gunpowder weapons receive subsidies to facilitiate higher production, while arsenals are expanded upon. Korea continues its entrenched naval tradition, building lots of ships this year, mainly bigeodo, gwaseon, but also a few junks. Shipyards in Busan and Incheon are expanded to accommodate more ships. Korean architects design a new class of warship, drawing heavily from the gwaseon or spear-ship. The new ironclad ship, named geobukseon or turtle-ship, has an iron roof, while the spear in the front is replaced by a cannon concealed within a dragon-head. There are twenty slots that are used for naval artillery. The geokbukseon has a complement of fifty soldiers and eighty sailors. This class of warship is praised as the next step for Korea's navy, and the architects who made it are given high social status. Production of turtle-ships will start next year, and will replace the gwaseon ship. Ships patrol neighbouring waters to consolidate naval presence and territorial integrity. Roads are paved throughtout Buk-in-do, to facilitate transportation between the province and the peninsula, and to promote commerce and links between the two. Jurchens are encourage to assimilate into Korean culture, to deter separatist sentiment. Arable land within Korea is cultivated by Korean settlers, and with the foot supply being so high, population growth becomes very favourable. A new cultivar of rice, known as Manchu rice, is bred by Korean botanists. Manchu rice could still grow with lower amounts of water, and could withstand colder weather. While the yield is lower than traditional rice cultivars, it becomes used in land where it could be raised in. Hwatae-do remains separate from Buk-in-do, as it lacks a large local population. More Korean settlers arrive in Hwatae-do, displacing local Sakhalin Ainus and Oroks. With Seotaeman sold to the Japanese, all Korean settlers and any valuable items are repatriated back to Korea. More settlers are sent to the Cheondo-ryeol islands, which are administered as a part of Hwatae-do. The island chain becomes an important fishing ground and also a site for whaling. Overseas trade with Majapahit, Tondo, and their vassals increases, with Korean merchants trading porcelain and luxury goods in exchange for tropical goods such as fruits and animal skins. With Fukuoka opened to the Koreans, the Koreans trade with the Japanese, and previously strained relations begin to heal. Korean missionaries are also dispersed to these countries, hoping to convert some locals into Buddhism. Mahayana Buddhism under the Yi sect, which fuses Confucian doctrines and Muist rites, becomes increasingly ingrained into Korean culture. Wealthy yangban patronize the arts and literature. Buildings are upscaled in beauty and sophistication to reflect Korea's growing affluence, while more people, especially those in the yangban, chung-in, and sang-in castes, choose partake in education.
 * Chinese Empire: The Empire continues to grow as its population booms, reaching new hights as the peace causes many to want children feeling it is safe from conflict.  The military is expanded to 650,000 men, while the navy reaches 1200 of the latest ships. The Empire continues to contruct cannon and gunpowder factories across the country, allowing them to eventually create a surplus for eventual  export. Glad that the   Chieng Mai accepted the offer, the Chinese military moves 20,000 troops to southern Chieng Mai in order to defend the new protectorate, establishing three new military bases with 10,000 troops per base in the nation. We begin funding road networks in the region to make the bases and there movement of troops as fast as possible, swearing to defend the Empire and there allies in the Chieng Mai to the last breath. The colonies in Taiwan and Luzon continue to grow and flourish as more and more settlers are sent there.
 * Mongolia: The Gong continues to accept the flow of Chinese immigration, as it continues to improve the state as a whole and improve the economy, with the total number of Chinese in Mongolia now numbering around 94,000. We continue to expand northward.
 * Swahili: The nation's income continues to grow, both from increased tariffs and from the Royal Trade Fleet. Our manufacturers expand and make more money. We expand southward to connect our realm. 10,000 local tribesman and foreign settlers became citizens of our nation last year due to our policies of land reclamation and immigration attraction. Our trading fleet travels further North to the northernmost of Benin before returning.
 * Papal States: The Inquisition and associated Diocesan Courts of Ecclesiastical Discipline continue improving discipline within the secular clergy and the monasteries. Growing weary of a lack of answer from the Scandinavians, Callixtus IV orders a ship to be sent to Greenland to report on the state of the people there, especially the state of the diocese of Garðar. The ship leaves in Spring, and reaches Greenland in the Summer. (Other MODS: Please say what they find)
 * The expedition finds the settlement completely deserted
 * Duchy of Thuringen: The city guard continues to defend the capital city of Erfurt. Our military grows by adding more recruits each year. We continue to trade a lot with our neighboring states. Farming goes well in our nation this year. Peace is upon our nation since Europe is currently not going through any type of wars and such. Our citizens are happy with the current situation of our nation. Anna, Monika's first daughter is born this year.
 * The Caliphate: Continues to encourage economic growth in its regions, especially in Egypt and North Africa. The highest officers of the Caliphate begin to allow more and more autonomy to the states south of the First Cataract in Africa, although still promoting Islam. A holy edict is issued banning all merchants from transpiring commerce with the Christian nation of East Africa, specifically Ethiopia. Meanwhile, in Arabia, the Caliphate continues to build infrastructure for faithful Muslims performing the Hajj to Mecca. In order to keep order and stability in an otherwise overextended state, we allow emirs to host a small army, more of a guard, near their respective capitals. The Caliphate begins to support the arts and specifically the sciences.
 * Ethiopian Dip: Zera sent a rider to Cairo to ask why trade from down the Nile has not been arriving in Mogran.
 * Bahmanids: Ismail Shah is worried. The evils of Gunturism have now begun to seep into India, while the attempt to stop it has backfired dramatically. A few infiltrators are caught, but rather than being sent back, they are arrested and sent to the Laccadives, along with any Gunturist sympathisers. A few Indonesian Hindus are bribed to come off Majapahit ships and talk about how Guntur and his followers burned temples, killed Hindus, and smashed idols. Meanwhile, a few Muslims are disguised and sent into Majapahit territory in retaliation. In more temporal news, the port of Kolon-thota is heavily fortified, and a new naval building program is started to build 20 new warships over the next five years.
 * Kingdom of Burma: Binnya Dala prays that there will not be another war, for he knows his kingdom will inevitably become a battleground once again. In compliance with Ismail's orders, he sends several Buddhist monks into Majapahit territory. A naval construction program is started, to build ten more warships over the next seven years.
 * (Majapahit OOC): Errr ... you do realise most of Indonesia circa 1462 is raised into the Gunturist faith, correct? So, unless this is a bunch of old Indonesian Hindu men, then I call rubbish on this one.
 * I never said they were very many of them. They need only to tell a few directly and word would spread. Also, gold can convince people of just any philosophy in the right quantities.
 * Iroquois Confederacy: We continue expanding our agriculture. Some farmers begin experimenting with cross-breeding of various squashes, beans, and corn to create a heartier crop. Fishing production continues as well, with more canoes being crafted for open water instead of streams. One day, a boat builder arrives at Sustawan to meet with Chief Apenimon about a new type of boat he has envisioned, based off of Etchemin's survival story. These boats would look like the typical barge, but have what he calls a sail where the lamp post is. The sail would be made of hides, much like the shelters already on the barges. He believes that this could revolutionize how the Iroquois trade. Apenimon, like many of his subjects, proclaims this man to be crazy and that trying to harness the winds would be an insult to Ga-oh (the Wind Spirit). The boat builder returns to his home in shame but continues to have faith in his vision. Braves continue to be trained by War-Chief Beshkno at the fort near Sustawan. They are the elite of the Iroquois braves; mastering every weapon at their disposal along with techniques from allied tribes. Towns continue to expand.
 * Mexica Alliance: Continues to grow in wealth and power. Expansion along the coast south through Mexica and Zaptoec lands continues, but exploration also begins up the Sierra Madre Oriental. In Tenochtitlan, Emperor Moctezuma I begins to increase the rate of conscription in newly captured lands, however continuing to ensure religious freedom.  There is a slight decrease in sacrifices this year, as many priests begin to replace it with animal sacrifice and bloodletting. With the famine years past, the population begins to soar, and Aztec people from the three main cities are encouraged with rewards to move into newly added lands.
 * Benin: The Irredentists have captured the city of Asale, and have moved to take the cities of Birnin Kebbi and Lolo just to the south of Asale. In spite of these gains, the cities of Kokolo and Fazo have fallen to the Royalists, who have immediately moved to march on the city of Eloro seeking to cut off the supply of gold to the Irredentist forces. At sea, the Western Fleet that was seized by the Irredentists have overwhelmed the naval forces of the Royalists, who retreated back to port after it was agreed that fighting the vastly larger navy of the forces under Enekirighidi's control was impossible. Instead, Prince Usiobaifo has redirected his funding to the Metropolitan Army, hoping that he can re-arm them to combat the better trained and equipped Imperial Army units of Enekirighidi in the field, as the Imperial Guard has proven itself too small to serve as the primary field army. Elsewhere, famine in many parts of Benin have struck at population centers in the Asale, Borgu, and Nupe provinces, where the Irredentists destroyed the crops seeking to starve the Royalists out of the capital cities. This has ultimately led to the death of some half a million non-combatants, who were unable to collect the crops during the harvest seasons. Refugees have moved to other parts of Benin seeking to escape the fighting, leading to fights between city-dwellers in Songhay province and refugees from the Asale province. Because of the danger of riots in the major cities under his control, Enekirighidi has been forced to send supporting Metropolitan Army forces under his command to the cities to stop the fights, stalling his offensive on the heartlands of Benin and taking Edo. This has given Usiobaifo the initiative as he can now retrain his forces and redeploy them to the front with Enekirighidi in the north. In spite of the fighting, Enekirighidi has sent a delegation to Iberia to seek their diplomatic support for his side as the legitimate ruler of Benin. In Iberia, representatives of the Irridentist faction of Enekirighidi make the case that the Royalist faction of Usiobaifo had Oba Isikhuan killed for his infertility and desire to take the throne for themselves. They state that only Enekirighidi has the legitimacy to rule and that the treason of Usiobaifo disqualifies him from holding power in Benin. While in Iberia, the Bini delegates offend many of the Iberian people, after vocally stating the putrid living conditions of the people living in the nation, and the lack of hygienic behavior of the Iberians commoners, as well as among their own royalty. The civil war does not stop the two sides from trading overseas, seeking to sell goods from the homeland to fund their war at home. Given his naval superiority, Enekirighidi has continued the empire's policies of trade, selling goods that are not vital to the war overseas. Bini merchants in Sofala continue to trade for their empire, remaining neutral in the conflict so as not to harm their markets back home. A Bini merchant vessel ordered to return home to bring goods intended for the war has refused the order. Its captain originally intended to sell hand cannons and gunpowder weapons to a Malagasy city-state, and seeking to make a profit from his goods has illegally defied his government. Instead, he seeks to get as far away from Benin and sell his cargo, seeking to make a great profit and retire somewhere in Southeast Asia where he shall be free from prosecution back home. However, his ship gets hit by a thunderstorm while attempting to make it to the Straits of Malacca, and the vessel runs aground in Aceh, with only a handful of survivors.
 * Delhi: Following Bahmani, we tighten our security and guards in our cities, intensifying our army and navy programs. Trebuchets and ships are built to heavily guard the port city of Puri. Gunterists and any infiltrating Gunterist missionaries are caught. The Gunterists are then detained in heavily-guarded prisons loacted in the Himalayas, although we are looking for a place to exile them in the future. As a result, we send an expedition south to discover new lands. On another note, the Sultan grants Hindus a separate court system from that of the Muslims, and reminds the Hindus that Hinduism is still free to worship in the Sultanate. Academic buildings continue to be constructed, and roads continue to connect the empire. In retaliation to the Gunterists, Muslims are sent undercover to Sumatra.
 * The Himalaya Kingdom's two official religions are Hindu and Islam, although Hindus already dominate the Himalayan court. Nonetheless, the Hindu and Muslim court systems are split, just like in Delhi. The kingdom continues to build up infrastructure, and roads connect Himalaya to the rest of Delhi. It also builds up its military for two reasons: to guard the Gunterist prisons, and to stop any potential hostilities from West Nepal.
 * Delhian Diplomacy: We reiterate our offer to Kangra to become our vassal for 75,000 rupees, along with the economic and defensive benefits that come with being part of Delhi. (MOD RESPONSE)
 * Bengali Diplomacy: We will send one-half of our Gunturists to your southern islands next year, if you discover any. If not, we intend to send them to the Himalaya Kingdom.
 * Sultanate of Bengal: After the failure of The Eastern Myth, the Sultan plans to tighten security on the border. No one will be allowed inside Bengal. Half of all illegal Gunturist missionaries are sent to the Laccadive Islands. The other half are currently being held in the northern part of the Ahom Kingdom under heavy guard. These prisoners will be sent to southern Delhian islands next year if the Delhi's discover any islands. If the Dehlians do not discover any islands, they will be sent to the Himalayan Kingdom. Following the Bahmanid example, some Muslims are sent into Majapahit territory as retaliation.  Five trebuchets are built in Saptagram. Saptagram and Chatagon receive significant fortifications and the Bengali Navy is ordered to retreat into the Mouths of the Ganges and hold Chatagon. Chatagon also receives Ahom gunpowder artillery prototypes. All cannons and trebuchets are pointed at the sea and are prepared to make an invader's assault on Chatagon hell. The sultan also grants Hindus a separate court system. The Dominant is slated to receive cannons by 1463. Meanwhile, the 30 new ships will be completed in seven years, as building is accelerated. Two ships have already been completed. and are added to the Bengali Navy. Naval development is slated to be 20 new ships per year. (This number wasapproved by Edge over private message, can show screenshots of the private message for evidence)
 * Ahom Kingdom: Rukunuddin Barbak Shah orders Susenphaa to send his best military scientists to Bengal to help Bengal get firearms in the wake of possible war whom scientists are ordered to further develop artillery prototypes to defend Bengali ports and arm Bengali ships.
 * Bengal Diplomacy: Can we send Gunturists to the Laccadives?
 * Delhian Diplomacy: We offer that when our expedition returns next year, that Bengal can send their Gunterists to any southern islands we discover.
 * Bahmanid Diplomacy: The Bahmanid crown agrees, so long as Bengal covers part of the cost to guard them.
 * Kingdom of England and Scotland: We offer Crown Prince Edward's hand in marriage to some woman who is about 20. King Richard IV is dismayed by his lack of taxes and the indirect route they come in through and so coordinating with Parliament all of England regardless of town or countryside to be divided into ten Royal Provinces with each province being roughly the same size as all others and contiguous in territory separate from all other forms of land ownership. This policy is only applied to England, the King commissions his Royal treasurer 'to form a task force to each year asses one of the Royal provinces with all land assessed for its use and taxed according to its use with the owner of the land paying the tax. This is the land tax and replaces most other forms of taxation though taxation on merchants for trading is still maintained. The land tax remains the same for that Royal Province every year until it is updated in ten years after its last survey. We move another 3000 Englishmen into Scotland and another 3000 Scots into England. At Portsmouth another ten ships are constructed and added to the English fleet while the expansion of a grammar school and university system leads to a lot more people having access to education mainly in towns and cities where these schools can be attended. Trade abroad continues especially with Benin which is a lucrative source of goods. At Oxford, Cambridge and St Andrews, the academic race starts with all three universities competing to have the largest libraries as well as the highest quality of teaching and the Crown encourages the competition with rewards when one university excels causing internal rivalry.
 * Bulgarian Empire: While not in terrible condition in previous years, the new capital city of Tarnovo is spent on lavishly utilizing funds paid out by the Ottomans to Bulgaria. With the city having its walls put under a rebuild, many of its significant older structures, and finally the construction of a new Imperial Palace for Vasili. To much fanfare Vasili Dracultesti is named Tsar of all Bulgaria, and after years is recognized as having resurrected the Empire and hence is the inheritor of the Wallacho-Bulgar legacy. Rather than maintaining his previous name, Vasili decides to adopt the name Kaloyan stressing to all his subjects that this empire will be as great or even greater than before and his name change is to reflect his insistence of this. Turning to face his enemies Vasili-Kaloyan sends an armed envoy to the defeated Ottomans and levies his harsh treaty down upon them. Every year a large sum of tribute will be exacted and delivered to Bulgaria for a period of 50 years. The Ottomans will also divert all their trade convoys and caravans to begin delivering their goods to only the Bulgarian port cities specifically the city at the mouth of the Danube river and its Delta named Kaloyagrad, renamed specifically after the new Bulgarian tsar and his old namesake. Along side of this the ottomans will allow Bulgarian merchants full access to all their ports and goods with no issue. With the outright majority of the empire populace being Bulgarian or Wallachian the shared conquerors of the empire, Vasili-Kaloyan is able to focus outside his borders significantly specifically in order begin building more alliances, diplomatic ties, etc. He specifically turns toward Poland, eyeing the lands of Moldova, ethnically Wallachian, and full of those who would be extremely willing to join the empire or at the least a vassal state. In other ways the potential of just fully overunning the Ottomans and advancing into Anatolia is also a clear possibility. Greece under the umbrella of Italy remains out of reach but Vasili sends an envoy to the Greeks. He asks to discuss the potential for a expanding diplomatic treaty with the Greeks and in another case discuss the issues of territory, specifically a potential territorial expansion for the Greeks. In other news the Tsar with his wife Anastasiya announce that they will be having a child bearing the unified Beserab-Asen family name. He is born later in the year and is named Simeon which solidifies the claim of Vasili to the throne. The new Bulgar empire specifically takes much of its newfound funding specifically using the giant pile of wealth gained as a lump sum in the war to begin a modern outfitting of the Bulgarian army, as well as a rebuild of importants cities and the countryside infrastructure. Having realized the importance of such infrastructure, Vasili makes it a priority to facilitate the development of the roads and other projects to make cross country travel faster albeit somewhat hesitantly as he would much rather devote the funds to conquest. With Austria marching into Hungary to prop up its claim to the throne, and with the new Alliance in place, Bulgarian troops led by Vasili-Kaloyan march into Eastern Hungary.
 * King Olaf of Sweden: Nils fully takes over administration policies and is now a grown man. I propose the bethrothal of Adele to the Heir of Brandenburg. We await the Danish response to the betrothal of Kristina to Eric of Denmark(mod response, please). I continue a policy of expanding eastward in Finland, to reach the Russian border. I support Declan O' Connor's venture to kill pagans in Finland and fund him. In order to cheer Demetrius up, I go to his castle and drink some beer with him. This doesn't cheer him up, though. I reaffirm my alliance with Brandenburg and secretly agree to their plan. Harald likes to be aggressive, like his uncle Björn. The city of Riksdag, capital of the Scandinavian Empire is completed and built. I find my son Magnus painting two paintings, and I am yet to know what they are. I applaud the actions of Vasili-Kaloyan Basarab-Asen and propose to the Pope that he be rewarded with the title Athleta Christi. 
 * Duke Eric of Visby: Visby is officially given the Olafinian Reforms, and the Gutnish cheer. I set up a merchant board and begin preparing for the Grand Plan. My son Ludwig is cheerful and a good lad.


 * Kingdom of France: Charles VII of France continues to rule and be regent of Lorraine for his son. Charles continues to uber-focus on the French military and improving mobilization systems. Inspired by the English academic competitions, France creates a competition that occurs every ten years to encourage knowledge and innovation. The university that wins receives royal gifts and a grant from the French crown. The 1462 competition included the University of Paris, University of Toulouse, and University of Montpellier, with Paris winning the competition. Improvements continue to be made to the city of Paris to keep it as one of the most significant cities in Europe. Charles VII, although formerly a close ally of Castile, formalizes an Italian alliance and accepts the call to arms against Iberia. Charles feels betrayed that his brother-in-law formed a union with a former French enemy, and suspects them of trying to take Navarre in their attempts of unifying Iberia. The French army is immediately mobilized and a large force is moved through Navarre to Zaragoza, a major city in Aragon, while another force is left to defend the nation.
 * 120,000 since Feud keeps asking.
 * Burgundian Dip: Duke Charles writes to the king, expressing his disapproval at the decision to abandon the Castilian alliance, noting that their union with Aragon only secures the southern border,many that Italy is a much more recent enemy.
 * In the Kingdom of Italy, Niccolò Maria Visconti dies of dysentery. There is much mourning, especially by Matteo of Naples, the old king's son, but the people of Italy are confident, based upon Matteo's record in leading Naples hencefar after the death of his mother, Mary Anjou. Matteo travels north to Milan, where he is crowned King and reunited with many of his old mentors from his youth. As the Kingdom of Naples, Matteo - now the leader of the Visconti line - formalizes an alliance with France and then declares war upon Iberia with the intention of retaking historical lands lost in the Vespers of 1282, while calling his French allies into the war.. As King of Italy, Matteo also declares war upon Iberia, to seize Genoa. Both Italian and Neapolitan armies and navies are mobilized. The Neapolitan forces storm the isle of Sicily after a major battle at the crossing of Messina. The Italian forces invade Iberian Liguria, taking it after a battle at Genoa. In Croia, Berat, Epirus and the Morea, the armies are held on high alert and prepare for any necessary defensive action should Iberian Athens move to retaliate.
 * In response to Italy's nonsense, Iberia abandons Sicily and Liguria.
 * Oh and you still need an algo to conquer this stuff, since you are being hostile about it


 * Kingdom of Ireland: We have finished the print shop in Cork and now begin producing books, broadsheets and printing presses. We begin equipping the Library of Cork and the Cork University with printing presses to store important knowledge and encourage literacy. With English help, we expand our shipbuilding facilities and begin building a modern navy with ten ships to be built and finished by 1664. We begin to centralise power with the king beginning to be able to wield more power and are considering to begin moving away from feudalism to a more efficient system. We build fortifications in our lands as well as beginning to expand pre-existing towns and cities. Cork now has a population of 20,000 and is quickly turning into a bustling city. We begin planning reforms to increase our economy. We begin to develop the economy be building mines across the country, as well as encouraging cottage industries. We give money to many of the lords to develop their lands. We begin major expansions and renovations in the print shop and the University in order to increase learning. (finished 1464) The king welcomed his son, Thomas Fitzgerald back from his studies in England. We begin to strengthen the Bank of Ireland (formerly Bank of Desmond) in and begin setting up branches in other Irish cities. We begin sponsoring grammar schools and universities and hold a competition every five years to encourage scientific progress and recruit for civil service. The print shop also begins printing regular weekly broadsheets in Cork aimed at inspiring Irish Nationalism, loyalty to the crown and Celtic/Gaelic pride.
 * In Austria, the Ruling Council takes care of matters while Ferdinand is out fighting in the war of Hungarian Succession. Having (presumably) defeated his opponent's hosts lats year, Ferdinand spends the rest of the year chasing down any remaining opponents to his rule. After a last-ditch effort to push back Ferdinand's forces by assaulting Budapest itself, Ference Bathory is captured by Ferdinand's forces and taken prisoner. After a trial many considered only a formality, the rival claimant to the Hungarian throne is executed for "rebellion against the crown". Ferdinand spends the year consolidating his rule of Hungary and its vassals, which include, at least formally, Cilli and Serbia. Rebel Nobles that refused to bend the knee and sided with Bathory, at least the ones captured, are stripped of all titles and executed for treason, their lands redistributed to more...loyals subjects, granting those subjects, at least the more powerful ones, the title of Perpetuus Comes, granting them the right to primogeniture succession instead of dividing their territories. This causes many to come to Budapest to swear fealty to their new overlord, at least before his armies can come knocking on their front door. Ferdinand further divides Hungary into multiple counties, although these, in Hungarian tradition, were not strictly hereditary, and the position of "count" will be appointed by the king from the pool of local barons for the remainder of the newly-appointed counts. In all, Hungary is subdivided into Ten counties, Four perpetual and six non-perpetual (in order to increase power). Next, Ferdinand Plans to go to Serbia to investigate the situation there...Back in Austria, further integration programs are made with Bavaria.
 * Not Much happens in Salzburg... mostly religious type stuff and things ...
 * Cilli isn't Hungarian, for the second time now. -Rexmod

1463
The Azores Islands, governored by a member of the House of Aviz, declares itself the Kingdom of Portugal in exile


 * Duchy of Burgundy: in light of France's continued aggression against Iberia, and their alliance with Italy, Charles and his advisors decide the interests of the French crown and Burgundy have drifted too far apart. In a meeting with the military commanders, it is decided to formally declare Burgundy independent once more. The 50,000 strong Burgundian Army is mobilized, and meets up with the english army. Admiral John de Luxembourg links up with the Royal Navy, and begins a campaign of ravaging French naval bases. Charles' alliance with Emperor Heinrich is invoked. A letter is send to the Duke of Brittany, saying that if Brittany allies with Burgundy, the Breton Dukes will be recognized as kings in their own right once again. (SAVE ME SKYBOIMOD! YOU'RE MY ONLY HOPE!) 
 * Brandenburgian Response to Burgundian Dip: While somewhat hesitant Emperor Heinrich answers the call to arms from their Burgundian brothers and Emperor Heinrich himself leads a 15,000 strong force to join up with the Burgundian and English Forces in the lowlands and launch an invasion from the Brandenburgian Fortress of Luxembourg.. Meanwhile Otto is called back to Berlin to man the 10,000 remaining troops in defense of the the Brandenburg Domains. Heinrich also declares an imperial ban on France and demands that the Duchies of Bar and Lorraine not aid the French King in the war against the Red Lion Alliance, as it would put them in conflict with their sovereign the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
 * France: Charles VII orders troops to defend Paris (120,000). The navy remains in their ports, not engaging the enemy at sea.


 * The Gurkani Sultanate:  Sultan Zeeshan Beg Mirza continued his rule over the Sultanate, with Al Mansur An Nasir as the Caliph. The Gurkani population rose to about 34 million with the people flocking to cities like Herat, Isfahan, Gamrun, Qazvin, Bukhara, Tabriz and Iskenderun; primarily due to their strategic position in the spice trade. In regards to religion, the Sultanate promoted Shia Islam, and advocated conversion to the Zaidi sect from other Islamic sects, often engaging in forced conversions. The military was primarily composed of medium-to-heavy cavalry, composite bow, lance, mace, and sword. Heavy cavalrymen wore plated chain mail or metal lamellar armor, with their horses also wearing leather or metal lamellar barding. The infantry was equipped with daggers and swords to be utilised in close combat against the enemy and elephants as well as carts were used for the transportation of supplies. Cannons were constructed to serve as siege weaponry whilst hand cannons and rocket launchers were developed as gunpowder became increasingly popular. Naval bases were established at Iskenderun, Trabzon and Gamrun to establish the presence of the Gurkani fleet in the Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea and the Persian Gulf respectively, keen on controlling any piracy. The Gurkani Navy developed galleys and carracks to augment the smaller patrol fleets. Agriculture and commerce were at the Sultanate's forepoint, with wheat, rice and barley being amongst the largest produced crops. To prevent the Sultanate from ever getting hit by a major famine, the individual Amirs also engaged in the storage of food supplies, which would be utilized in case of famine or otherwise exported. Fishery was promoted as well as it helped in sustaining the fishery villages that were present along the coast, as well as the major port cities of Iskenderun, Basra, Gamrun, Kerch and Trabzon. Importance was also given on the development of proper roads for the merchants utilizing the trade routes through the Sultanate, with all caravans being armed and protected with a small detachment of guards. Meanwhile, the construction of educational madrassahs continued throughout the Empire, with the sultan keen on spreading education and knowledge amongst the populace of the Sultanate. The Sultan sought to replicate the Islamic Golden Age that existed during the period of the Abbasids prior to the Mongol Invasion, and accordingly funded the teaching of Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, with Algebra, Geometry, Astronomy, Anatomy and Medicine being of prime importance. The  lingua franca  promoted throughout the Sultanate was also Persian, primarily due to the fact that Persian had existed as the language spoken by communities in the region for centuries and as such served as an excellent language for communication. The Sultanate continued to expand its territories into the Caucasus and the Persian Gulf islands.  A major victory at the Battle of Rostov on Don led to the capture of Russians Black Sea Port and effectively secured the non-interference of the Russian navy in the battles to come. Mahmud Mirza received praise as a great military general, and was quickly sent orders to march upon Moscow with the remaining 250,000 men. The Sultan, Zeeshan Beg planned to reiterate the 1402 Burning of Moscow to commemorate his Great Grandfather, Timur Beg Mirza. Meanwhile, news that the Astrakhan Khanate had also joined in the war against the Russians increased the morale of the troops who declared Jihad on the Russians. 
 * Khedivate of Trabzon: Amir Julius Megas Komnenos continued his reign over the city of Trabzon, with Julia Komnenos acting as the Regent. Acting as a vassal to the Gurkani Sultanate, he would only be answerable to the Gurkani Amir. The military and the navy were developed along the same lines as their Gurkani counterparts, with a major naval base constructed at the city of Trabzon, where the Trabzon fleet was also situated. Trabzoni authorities continue to work on the construction of a fleet at Trabzon, working side by side with Castilian authorities. The Trabzon Amir, Julius Komnenos would continue to develop the trade route leading from his Black Sea port of Trabzon, connecting it to the city of Tabriz, hoping to make the spice trade routes much more advanced and efficient.
 * Omani Diplomacy: We request you to pay tribute to our Sultan. If not, we will employ our naval power to raid your coasts.
 * Oman cannot receive tribute from Gurkani. -scraw
 * Astrakhan: Well, we initially rejected the generous deal extending from Gurkani because of our lack of faith in their ability to win the war. The Victory at Rostov-on-don inspires us to side with Gurkani as to restore the glory of our ancestor's Golden Horde. We accept the deal given to us by Gurkani and declare war on the Grand Boyardom of Russia citing reconquering our historical lands as our Casus Beli.  We join the Gurkani army on their march toward Moscow. In other news the current Khan of Astrakhan Abukhan gives birth to a son Abdulkhakim. After announcement of his conversion to Islam specifically the Gurkani Sect. He begins to build a Grand Mosque in the Capital City of Sarai which currently has around 600,000 people (sarai was one of the largest city of the middle ages see here). In other news hoping to build up our treasuries we begin to open up our ports to christian merchants and other religions. We specifically request a trade deal with Gurkani.
 * ​Gurkani Diplomacy: We accept.
 * Ngerrindjeri: As cities began to spread across the valley, the monster Bunyip once again reared out of the Murray river and wrecked havoc across a nearby village. Tjilbruke beseached Lord Ngintaka what should be done about him. Lord Ngintaka explained to Tjilbruke by vision, that this monster is an emisary of the great demon Bila, who is jealous of Ngintaka's people in Adeleid. Fortunately, Bila is still pacified in Dreamtime, and can only send his agents like Bunyip on his behalf. The population of the tribe is now nearly 20,000.
 * I fear your population has grown too much too quickly. According to this, estimates for the pre-colonisation Indigenous population of all of South Australia was roughly 15,000. Your tribe would only make up a small portion of that (although admittedly it would have grown due to your increased and more systamised use of agriculture). I like what you're doing, I just think you need to do it slower. Callumthered (talk) 12:08, September 18, 2016 (UTC)  
 * I was going by this source, which says the total population of aboriginal Australia varies wildly from 315,000 to 750,000 or up to 1.6 million. Of course, maybe I didn't take the north-south distribution into account, so I'll change the number a bit later Oh, I didn't mean to push that button! † Oh, well leave a message I guess  18:01, September 18, 2016 (UTC)
 * Azores and other Portuguese colonies: After a landing in Portugal Afonso requests support from the nobility of Portugal inorder to restore himself to the throne. Mod response.
 * ​A few prominent nobles leave Portugal to come live in the Azores, the vast majority do not
 * Kingdom of Ireland: The King of Ireland, James Fitzgerald is dead, and his son, Thomas Fitzgerald is crowned as the new High King of Ireland. At first people are suspicious as he spent ten years in England being "tutored" but he still remains highly nationalistic and against English interference in Irish affairs. We have finished the print shop in Cork and now begin producing books, broadsheets and printing presses. We begin equipping the Library of Cork and the Cork University with printing presses to store important knowledge and encourage literacy. With English help, we expand our shipbuilding facilities and begin building a modern navy with ten ships to be built and finished by 1664.We begin to centralise power with the king beginning to be able to wield more power and are considering to begin moving away from feudalism to a more efficient system. We build fortifications in our lands as well as beginning to expand pre-existing towns and cities. Cork now has a population of 20,000 and is quickly turning into a bustling city. We begin planning reforms to increase our economy. We begin to develop the economy be building mines across the country, as well as encouraging cottage industries. We give money to many of the lords to develop their lands. We begin major expansions and renovations in the print shop and the university in order to increase learning. (finished 1464) The king welcomed his son, Thomas Fitzgerald back from his studies in England. We begin to strengthen the Bank of Ireland (formerly Bank of Desmond) in and begin setting up branches in other Irish cities. We begin sponsoring grammar schools and universities and hold a competition every five years to encourage scientific progress and recruit for civil service. The print shop also begins printing regular weekly broadsheets in Cork aimed at inspiring Irish Nationalism, loyalty to the crown and Celtic/Gaelic pride.
 * ​I feel it's too early for "Nationalism" per se. Callumthered (talk) 12:08, September 18, 2016 (UTC)
 * Bulgarian Empire: With Italy being distracted and Greece being extremely weak in comparison to Bulgaria, Tsar Vasili-Kaloyan moves his force of 17,000 onto the Greek territory in Skopje. Tsar Vasili demands the Greeks cede Skopje, all of Macedon and all of Thrace or face the full might of the empire. This is met with great fanfare and support as the outfitting of the military has led to the superb outfitting of the Bulgarian army. The stated goal is not only to just seize historical Bulgar territory, but also to gain position as the dominant power in the Balkans. Bulgaria offers to leave the Italian possessions in Greece alone (so as to not open up an entirely new front while Italy is stuck fighting the Spaniards) if Bulgaria is left to dominate the Balkans. Tsar Vasili Kaloyan immediately offers peace to the Greeks hoping to prevent bloodshed with them but is prepared to do the worst. Tsar Kaloyan requests his new Austrian ally come to his aid in the event of any incursions by any non-Balkan power into the Bulgaro-Greek conflict. the Tsar stresses to the Austrian ruler that such actions are required in order to establish a stable and large state in the Balkans. Tsar Vasili-Kaloyan now declaring victory over the Greeks and seeing no signs of intervention by Italy (and in Italy's case me and Rex went about a mediated deal). Tsar Vasili imposes the Treaty of Tarnovo on the Greeks (greek player plz see this page to figure out whats going on). With the war more or less over, in a quick and decisive campaign, the Beserab-Asen Family is literally venerated and in some cases halfway worshipped. In the span of a few years the Tsar originally from wallachian stock has turned Bulgaria and Wallachia into a powerful united Bullgaro-Wallachian Empire, with the name Bulgaria being taken purely due to the existing prestigious title of the Emperor of Bulgaria. Having unified the Bulgarian peoples and gained a relatively large amount of minorities too, the population is estimated at a rough 3.1 million. Some of the Bulgarian people who previously lived in servitude and unable to relocate due to issues under the Ottomans begin a natural movement to greener territories. This sees roughly 4000 people migrate from the core of Bulgaria to the veritable goldmine of farmland in Wallachia looking to set up and cultivate the area extremely. The Tsar does however march a force of 5000 to Constantinople and in conjunction with ships seized from the turks and appropriated as the naval force. the city concedes relatively quickly and the Tsar himself proclaims the city the Sister city to the Bulgarian Capital of Tarnovo. In response to this a significant amount of Bulgarians move to the city. While at the Queen of cities, Vasili Kaloyan humbly attends a church sermon at the Hagia Sophia and while still a grand basilica, it has seen its better days, and the Tsar makes it a personal mission to repair the great buildings of the city and reassert its position. This includes the rebuilding of the Theodosian Walls. While recognizing the past issues with the Byzantine emperors and their empire, Vasili-Kaloyan pays his respects to them and quietly takes the remaining heirlooms of the Byzantine emperors and immortalizes them, planning on putting them in a great mausoleum. The estimated immigration of Bulgarians to the city by the end of the year is amazing with nearly 60,000 Bulgarians seeking better lives by settling into the city and its surrounding areas. While the City is extremely depopulated, it is somewhat sad to see such a great city in tatters, but its restoration is put as a priority alongside the redevelopment of Tarnovo as the Royal capital of Bulgaria. This also amounts to a large donation to the Patriarch of constantinople to begin the rebuilding of the shattered remants of the Orthodox church.


 * Swahili: The nation's income continues to grow, both from increased tariffs and from the Royal Trade Fleet. Our manufacturers expand and make more money. We expand southward to connect our realm. 10,000 local tribesman and foreign settlers became citizens of our nation last year due to our policies of land reclamation and immigration attraction. We send 120 ships to patrol our Ceylon trade post due to security concerns.


 * Sultanate of Bengal: 20 more ships are added to the Bengali Navy, as a massive development effort is begun. In response to the Majapahit vow to destroy any Bengali or Bahmanid vessel caught within their waters, the Sultan orders the Bengali Navy to enforce the same orders. All Majapahit vessels caught within Bengali waters are ordered to surrender, have their cargo sold, give up any Gunturists that are on board, on pain of death. The Sultan also declares war on Majapahit. Rukunuddin Barbak Shah develops the policy of "Navy First" to combat Majapahit dominance of the sea, realizing that his allies in Delhi and the Bahmanids can supply an army. The defenses around Chatagon are further fortified, and Chatagon receives ten new cannons, built by Ahom scientists. A massive fort is also built near the sea in Chatagon to guard the harbor. Saptagram is also fortified. As a response to the alarmingly large number of illegal Gunturists, the Sultan orders all Gunturists to be sent to the Laccadives. The Sultan orders the "no entry into Bengal" order extensively enforced. The Dominant receives ten cannons, two to be mounted as bow-chasers and the other four to be mounted on the port and starboard sides of the ship. Ten ships in the Bengali Navy also receive cannons.
 * War Addendum 1: The Sultan orders the mobilization of the army. 
 * Ahom Kingdom: Susenphaa orders the connection of road networks in the Ahom Kingdom to Bengali road networks.
 * Papal States: Pope Callixtus is enraged at the news that Italy and France have attacked his native Spain. He writes to the Italian and Spanish kings telling them that the war is not a just war. Whilst His Holiness recognises the perils of intervention given the States' encirclement by the Italian-Neapolitan realm, he nonetheless sends five galleys and one thousand troops to assist Spain. With the war going on, the Pope-to his great annoyance- cannot travel to Constantinople. He sends the Dean of the College of Cardinals, who co-celebrates a Divine Liturgy with the Patriarch and promises that the Pope will visit as soon as possible. In other news, the expedition to Greenland returns with the sad news that the settlement there has been abandoned, leaving only the pagan "Esqimos". The chief Cardinal of the Roman Inquisition and the Superior-General of the Dominican Order, with the approval of Pope Callixtus IV, write to King Olaf of Sweden, asking that he take it upon himself to establish a new settlement in Greenland, thus re-establishing the diocese of Garðar, which can be used as a base from which to convert the unfortunately still-heathen Esqimos. Given the fame of king Olaf's zeal for the Faith, the clerics feel that he would be the most appropriate to fund such a noble and Christian venture.
 * Majapahit Empire: After receiving reports from an unknown vessel in Aceh from locals, a few dozen men are sent to recover the ship and rescue survivors. As survivors are found, which appear to be missionaries of a far off and unknown land that they call "Benin", and these missionaries retell their story as to how they arrived into Aceh (following a few conversations after their rescue, of course), and the ship's wreckage is searched for anything of use, including maps, historic records, and useful materials or equipment. Among these, guns and cannons are found, similar in principle to the ones used by the Ming Dynasty, but with various different design aesthetics and much simpler to use and manufacture than Ming guns and cannons. Though the ship designs and shipbuilding skills from the wreckage itself would take years to fully decipher, getting the guns and cannons ready would be at least relatively easier. However, due to a lack of skilled gunsmiths (or any gunsmiths for that matter, except the survivors of the wreckage), these guns are kept in reserve for the elite, and it will remain as such until we can get some gunsmiths. The survivors, who are later revealed to be missionaries of a religion called "Kuzirism", eventually begin to teach locals in Sumatra to construct and modify their own guns, in order to assist in helping the currently limited production of firearms and cannons, and by year's end, a few are already offering services to the government for the creation of new firearms. Meanwhile, Wuwamba Yuda continues integration of the Maluku Islands, the construction of additional infrastructure, and (pre-attempt) a letter is secretly sent to our assassin to execute the attempt, and later destroyed, along with any evidence to link the Majapahit to the attempt (which is replaced with the thoroughly fabricated "evidence" against Bengal). (MODERATOR RNG, AND DETAILS PLEASE). (Post-attempt) Following the failure of the attempt, and the fact he was not traced, upon the letter reaching Wuwamba Yuda, he secretly orders the letter destroyed and the assassin is forced to go back into hiding. While all that happens, already existing large ships (at least four of them) are upgraded with already available cannons, whereas the 100 ships for 1470 continue construction. Meanwhile, Muslim infiltrators are caught trying to enter the Empire, and these infiltrators are executed on the spot, which results in a policy of sinking ANY ship from the Bahmanids or other Muslim nations, suspected to be carrying infiltrators. After the Empire receives threats from the Bahmanids, Wuwamba Yuda calls upon Khmer, Toungoo, and Kedah to assist in the coming storm. Until then, a large force of 390 ships is prepared, along with a land force of 80,000 on hold and awaiting the responses before invading. Meanwhile, our agents begin to secretly instigate revolts in the Laccadives ad decide to convince fellow Gunturists to revolt. (MODERATOR RNG AND DETAILS OF THE SUCCESS OF THE ATTEMPT PLEASE). Following the Khmer Empire's move to invade our Malay territories, the 80,000 troops stationed at Malacca are deployedelsewhere in the region, while 150 ships are left to defend the region. Meanwhile, a force of 15,000 is launched along with 30 other ships to strike at Oc Eo and from there, take Angkor itself, while the remaining ships are sent to conduct hit and run assaults against Bahmanid and Bengali ships with the intention of causing as much damage as possible. Any remaining forces are sent to crack down on dissent, and in the event of Khmer taking the region, Wuwamba Yuda orders the complete destruction of all vital assets and non-essential human life, to begin immediately should Khmer take the region.
 * RNG Assassin attempt: 1-70 fail and no suspects, 71-75 fail majapahit suspect, 76-80 fail bengal suspect, 81-85 success no suspect, 86-90 success majapahit suspect, 91-95 success bengal suspect, 96-100 letter didn't reach assassin, try again next year.
 * RESULT: 4. DETAIL: The letter reaches the assassin who prepares to kill the Bahamanid ruler in his sleep. He infiltrates himself into the court and prepares a local-bought knife. On the night of the attack, the assassin slithers toward the room of his target, until he is interrupted by courtiers who have seem to had a forbidden love. Caught in the act, the two men scream femininely and are to be executed the next day, but the tension created forces the assassin to flee as he had been alarmed by the numerous people walking by. Dropping his knife somewhere and being low on funds, he sends a letter to the Majapahit, as a sort of report on the events.
 * Khmer accepts, Toungoo and Kedah do not. -scraw
 * Laccadives failure. -scraw
 * Papua: Settlements near Kesuburan continue to expand south by 7 px and east by 9 px, while the Bird's Head Peninsula territory is expanded by 18 px.
 * OOC Bengal: Again, you cannot assassinate the leaders of other nations! ~Lord
 * OOC Bahmanids: I've stated multiple times that MP banned this sort of stuff. Which mod (if any) gave you approval for all of this? I want to talk with them. ~Guardian
 * Korea continues to experience prosperity under a meritocratic bureaucracy led by monarch Yi Hyorin. Jurchens continue to be assimilated under Korean culture and more Korean settlers are sent to Buk-in-do to stomp out separatist movements. Arable land is cultivated, and with food being so plentiful, population growth becomes very favourable. Manchu rice begins to be grown in the more wetter areas of Manchuria, with wheat being the dominant grain in most areas. More settlers arrive in Cheondo-ryeol, as well as Hwatae-do, replacing local peoples. Workshops specializing in gunpowder weapons and Ming-style firearms receive subsidies to facilitate higher production, while arsenals are expanded upon. Korea continues its entrenched naval tradition, building lots of ships this year, mainly bigeodo, gwaseon, but also a few junks. Shipyards in Busan and Incheon are expanded to accommodate more ships. Construction on the geobukseon ship begins, planned to phase out the obsolete gwiseon (an earlier version of the model) ship within a decade. The original plan to phase out gwaseon with the geobukseon is scrapped as the geobukseon is deemed too expensive to displace such a large portion of the royal fleet. Overseas trade in Southeast Asia increases, with Korean merchants trading porcelain and luxury goods in exchange for tropical agricultural goods. Busan begins to grow wealthy due to trade with the Japanese, while Buddhist missionaries are sent to Fukuoka and Southeast Asia to encourage conversion into Yi Buddhism. Mahayana Buddhism under the Yi sect, which fuses Confucian doctrines and Muist rites, becomes increasingly ingrained into Korean culture. Wealthy yangban patronize the arts and literature. Buildings are upscaled in beauty and sophistication to reflect Korea's growing affluence, while more people, especially those in the yangban, chung-in, and sang-in castes, chose to partake in education.
 * Kingdom of Tondo:  We offer the Ming the usage of the port of Beigang (in Ma-I/OTL Mindoro) for a yearly fee and five Ming war junks to assist in spreading Ming's sphere of influence. Diyang Kalangitan, now married to Sugbo of Cebu, formalize their marriage in Mactan, Cebu. As Sugbo's father drowned in a fishing accident, Sugbo is widely seen as Cebu's next monarch due to his uncle being the Rajah, who is currently without wife and without child. At the same time, rumors of the Rajah's infertility circulate around the kingdoms, though no officials have confirmed nor denied    With the recent passing of the beloved monarch, Rajah Gambang, the nation mourns. Diyang Kalangitan assumes the throne, and takes no man to be her husband. Instead, she declares that on the eve of her death, the nobility of Tondo, Ma-I, and Pangasinan shall have an electorate regarding the successor of the united realms of Tondo. Kalangitan further consolidates her poweriscreetely assigning political opponents to far-flung provinces of Tondo or to Tondo's vassals of Ma-I and Pangasinan, or to colonization attempts in Palawan, Busuang and Samar. The government of Tondo can be roughly described as a Federal Monarchy, with each province ruled by a council with members proportionate to the province's population. Diyang Kalangitan invites the Huang of Pangasinan, his daughter and Ma-I's regency council, and officials from every province to draft something akin to an OTL constitution, namely, the Saligang Batas ng Tondo at Nasasakupan Nito (Constitution of the sovereign Kingdom of Tondo and all its holdings and possessions). As Maynila is one of the richest cities in South East Asia, it is now high-time to create a lasting legacy for it. A series of bridges and canals connecting the Pasig and Tagik (OTL Taguig) Rivers and all their tributaries to provide acquatic transportation, ease movement of goods, and simply build bridges above the waterways to ease the transportation of people in the Greater Tondo Province (OTL Metro Manila). To prevent problems of income inequality and unequal development, selected families in the capital are given incentives of food and gold to relocate to developing towns and cities in Cavite, Romblon and Samar. A road network has already connected Tondo Province to Cavite, and a series of roads from southeastern and southern Luzon to Pangasinan has already began construction. Tondo metallurgical capabilities increase as blast furnaces and ironforges are built all around the state. The port of Maynila is further expanded, with the navy increasing by 25 small ships and seven war junks. Trade with nearby states continue. Tondo continues expansion in Samae, Palawan and Busuanga. 2000 additional soldiers are trained. Kalangitan orders 400 ships to move to patrol the Visayas archipelago, mainly  to protect the trade routes, and secretly to intimidate Cebu.   Expansion into Palawan, Negros and Samar continues. Tribute is sent to Ming in the form of gold, silver, and exotic fruits

Oops, sorry, I will do that- KingCor
 * Huangdom of Ma-I: With Tondo's grace, Ma-I settles the western part of Busuanga Island, and dedicates 100 citizens there. Li Han thrives as a cultural and financial capital of Ma-I, while Beigang immediately becomes the second port of Tondo, and conducts trade regularly with nearby nations.
 * Huangdom of Pangasinan: With Tondo's grace, Pangasinan expands into Central and Northern Luzon, attempting to assimilate the mountain and Igorot tribes located nearby to access the massive agricultural treasure in the Banaue Rice Terraces and the farmlands of Central Luzon. The administrative capital city, Pangasinan, begins construction of a road connecting it to Maynila. Blast furnace construction continues, and a small defense fleet of 15 ships is allotted by Tondo to Pangasinan. Pangasinense traders report sightings of small islands west of Luzon, and scouts are sent by Pangasinan to verify their claims. Pangasinan claims these islands west of Mainland Luzon, now named as the Gambang Islands in honor of Rajah Gambang  (OTL Scarborough Shoal)
 * The Armenian Kingdom of Cilcia: We declare ourselves independent of Muslim Rule.  We begin to defend our borders and expand our defensive military. We establish secure trade routes through our land to encourage heavy merchant travel. The Gurkani Sultanate is urged to leave us in peace, and in return we will grant them free trade and access and the promise of non aggression. (Secretly): We open our borders to Christian refugees seeking refuge from persecution. We develop our agriculture.  We request to be under the protectorship of Russia, as they are our closet brother in faith. We also ask that the Armenian Apostolic Church be considered to be in communion with both the Greek Orthodox Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church. We present the daughter of our king Hetum II, Zabel, as a suitable bride for the crown prince of England. 
 *  ​ You should really ask Reximperio (Gurkani player) before you play part of his nation.... -Nate
 * Benin: The two warring sides continue to maneuver for positions of power in the empire, seeking to exploit any potential gaps in the others defenses. The cities of Birnin Kibbi and Lolo fall to the Irredentist forces, but without the supporting Metropolitan Army units, the capture of cities further south is ruled out. The Royalists have thoroughly fortified their positions along the Niger River, and re-equipped the auxiliary forces under their control, allowing them to more readily fight the regular forces of the Irredentists. The city of Eloro, the target of the Royalists campaign of the previous year, falls to the forces of Prince Usiobaifo, and he marches into the city triumphantly. However, reinforcements from the cities of Korhogo and Salaga, force Usiobaifo to abandon the city, though not before sacking it of all its gold and silver as loot for his war effort. With the southern route to Edo closed off by the reinforcements of the Royalists in that region, Iyase Enekirighidi instead prepares for a major push from the west into central Benin via the Orun province. Utilizing the northern road from Sagala that bypasses the captured city of Fazo, Enekirighidi hopes to strike into the heart of Usibaifo's territory by exploiting a gap in his defenses and marching on to the imperial capital with little opposition. The riots in Gao are prevented by the forces of Enekirighidi, who are now redirected to holding the line against the Royalists. The famine claims another half a million lives as a result of the famine, though many areas have been able to reclaim the land and reverse the damage of the war in many areas, though the clergy states that the famine will continue so long as manpower is diverted from the harvests and to the war effort. The arts and sciences continue in spite of the civil war, with members of the clergy and intelligentsia funding scientific ventures while the war is fought far from the major cities. In the city of Djenne, the method of drypoint engraving in developed by the resident artisan Ihana Imasuén. His work becomes highly popular with the local population and the merchants travelling through the city.
 * Duchy of Thuringen: The city guard continues to defend the capital city of Erfurt. Our military grows by adding more recruits each year. We continue to trade a lot with our neighboring states. Farming goes well in our nation this year. Peace is upon our nation since Europe is currently not going through any type of wars and such. Our citizens are happy with the current situation of our nation. Karsten finishes what his father started by invading what is left of Hesse.
 * The Kingdom of Greece is in peril. With the invading Bulgarian Army already troubling the Greek Kingdom, the terror is multiplied by the death of King Henry I. The Second Royal Election between Grand Duke Jacob, Grand Duke Francesco, and the heir to King Henry, his nephew Infante Ferdinand is rushed during the invasion, and Grand Duke Jacob Crispo is elected King of the Hellenes. With the main Greek allies of Aragon, Portugal, and Naples currently embroiled in war, King Jacob I offers concessions to the Bulgarians: the former lands of Despot Hrelja, Prince Marko, and the House of Velbuzhd will be ceded to the Bulgarians, as long as the Bulgarians cede some lands to connect Greece to the Queen of Cities.
 * ​Bulgarian Dip: Please see Treaty of Tarnovo The Greeks will concede to all the territories listed here and will be bothered no more from here on out by the Empire.
 * Brandenburg-Luxembourg: Emperor Heinrich recently crowned by the pope and having been elected King of the Germans returns from Rome after a lavish ceremony tired after years of warring and travelling and gets back to focusing on improving the economy and infrustructure of his domains. With the economy of Luxembourg booming he sends his youngest son Karl now aged 17 to the university of of Luxembourg and also sets him up there as governer to rule directly for his father who is off in Berlin as a way of consolidating power across his domains. In a much simliar way Heinrich the heir to his domains is given increased responsilities in Silesia to maintain the peace and continue with the cosolidation of power for the house of Brandenburg. Heinrich begins construction of the Berlin Palace (based on OTL Berlin Palace) as his formal place of residence. Along with this efforts to build up the infrustructure of the growing city of Berlin begins. With the population now standing at 25,000, making it the largest city in the province of Brandenburg. Heinrich publicly condemns Thuringia's invasion of Hesse but having been just having just been elected emperor and still needing to deal with the threat posed by the Teutons Heinrich makes the promise to eventually deal with internal issues of the HRE at a later meeting of the princes. Military expansion continues as the army grows to 25,000 troops under the Heinrichen reforms and more arquebuses using the matchlock  firing mechanism are introduced into the rank and file. With the new generation of nobles and aristocrats largely loyal to both Heinrich and his son Otto. Heinrich begins a process of integrating the nobility into the ruling body by creating a council of nobles to act as an advisory council but he also passes a decree reinforcing the obligations of the nobilities to obey and defend their Soveirgn.The power of the nobility is also slightly reduced by the increased flow of people to cities and the growth of Cottage industries. smaller noble families begin depending on the larger houses for financial support which themselves are in buisness with the growing merchant and artisan guilds. The German Renassaince conitnues to take off WIth Berlin, Stettin, Breslau, and Luxembourg as the epicentres in the domains of the Brandenburg family. The University of Berlin grows in prestige as the political, philosophical, economic, and religious debates and classes gain numbers and graduates. Meanwhile the University of Luxembourg is expanded as the Chemistry, Biology, Astronomy, and the Mechanical Arts grow. A new department of Mechanical Arts opens up in the University of Breslau ( Mechanical arts was the medival name for the precursor to engineering). The University of Luxembourg in cooperation with the royal family and the Universty of Berlin begin constructing a Library known as the Brandenburg Archives in Berlin. Otto and Elsha have their first child a boy named Otto after his father. A few months later Otto has an illegitamate child with his long time lover Karoline von Havel a girl named Hilde, though the relations between the two is hiding from the public eye. Otto's sympathies for the Hussites continues to grow as many of his forces are Hussite moderates, and he and his men fully support the efforts of his father Heinrich and their family's legacy of keeping peace and harmony between the Hussites and Catholics. The Brandenburg Court debates continue as many moderate hussites being up the topic of prayer and Papal Infalibility. Along with raising the concepts and beliefs of fate, and sin. Heinrich and the other members of the Brandenburg nobility be them catholic or Hussite continue to reaffirm their loyalties to Rome and the pope, however. 
 * Brandenburg Dip: Heinrich sends a delagate to Bulgaria to open up relations with the young empire.
 * Iroquois Nation: Farmers continue to experiment with cross-breeding in the attempt to find heartier crops. Trade of ornate jewelry and religious works continues to flourish. To keep up with the copper demand, Apenimon asks for more volunteers to open up mines in New England, all copper workers keep a percentage of their find. Oil continues to be used for a variety of things, including but not limited to; bug repellent, source of light, and medicinal ingredient. Hunting parties out of Catcodoga continue to harass the Cree lands to the north, while trade with the Beothuk, Micmac, and other tribes of the North East continues. After returning home, the boatbuilder who spoke with Apenimon last year begins spreading his idea amongst his neighbors. The boat builders in Powhatan continue to research ways in which our barges can be improved.
 * Bahmanids: (Note: Until I have evidence that a mod approved Ace completely trampling over MP's 1401 declaration on assassination, the 'assassination attempt' and all things relating to it will be ignored. And before someone complains, I asked Josh about this and he told me to ignore it.) Ismail Shah is happy to attend the marriage of Muhammad Shah and Neela of Bengal, and hopes that this will begin a new era of cooperation between the two Sultanates. Unfortunately, Majapahit obstinance and agression seems to have no bounds-in response to this outrage, all Majapahit vessels in Bahmanid waters are impounded, their cargo sold, and all Gunturists on board sent to the Laccadives. Meanwhile, a horrible rumor spreads, the mysterious Guntur was *gasp* a Dalit! There is widespread anger among the Hindus at this reversal of the order of things, and Hindu mobs begin attacking those suspected of having Gunturist sympathies. In revenge for the (mostly Hindu) crews murdered in cold blood by the Majapahit, they seize a Majapahit trading ship and burn it. Naval production is nearly doubled by a gargantuan effort at every shipyard, as war seems on the horizon. An offer is sent to the Sultan of the Maldives: with war seeming imminent, become a Bahmanid vassal and recieve not only protection from Gunturist infiltration and any other enemy that may arise, but also access to the great Bahmanid-Swahili-Omani trade bloc, and with it, riches untold. (MOD RESPONSE NEEDED) 
 * Kingdom of Burma: On orders from Ismail, Binnya Dala orders all Majapahit vessels impounded and all Gunturists deported to Khmer. The Burmese navy continues to increase.
 * (OOC Majapahit): Guardian? You want evidence? Ask Sky. So, yes. He approved the attempt. :P
 * For anyone reading this later, Rex and Nate both agreed that the assassination was illegal. ~Guardian
 * Addendum 1: As per discussion w/Nate, my alliance w/the Gurkanis is officially being dropped, due to the three-ally rule.
 * Addendum 2: Ismail Shah sends an ultimatum to Majapahit-to cease the attacks on Bahmanid and Bengali ships immediately, or face war (and the execution of all Gunturists currently held in the Laccadives). (Play note: if Ace refuses, said war will start next year). Ismail reminds the Majapahit that India is now far stronger, while you are still the same as before.
 * Majapahit Diplomacy: Think again, old man. Your people's blood will be in your hands.
 * War Addendum 1: As soon as word reaches them of the declaration of war, the governor of the Laccadives orders all the Gunturists held prisoner to be quietly executed.
 * War Addendum 2: The Bahmanid navy is ordered to hide in its fortified ports in Sri Lanka, along with that of our allies, while 100,000 men are sent to Sri Lanka and 70,000 overland to Burma to join the other forces already there.
 * Khmer: Joins the war by invading Malay with 70,000 men and 100 ships. We also encourage all Majapahit vassals to revolt and through of their abusive colonial masters.
 * Maldives becomes a vassal -scraw
 * Delhi Sultanate: Outraged by the wicked aggression of the Majapahit, we begin a policy similar to Bahmani: Majapahit ships are impounded, their cargo is sold and Gunterists on board are detained in Himalaya. The horrid rumor about Gunter being a Dalit spreads onto Delhian soil, Hindus begin turning in all suspected of Gunterism; those convicted are detained. With the results of our expedition returning, we discover that there are indeed islands south of the Maldives: the Chagos Islands (OTL British Indian Ocean Territory). Our Gunterist prisoners in Himalaya are stuffed into heavily-guarded and armed Delhian ships to be sent to the Chagos Islands. However, the youngest of the Gunterist brethren (children under seven) are left in Himalaya to do away with their worship of Gunterism and learn the ways of Islam. When the ships arrive in the Chagos, the prisoners are unloaded on an atoll (OTL Egmont Islands) with absolutely nothing: no supplies, no clothing, not even food. These people would have to make new lives for themselves if they were expected to survive. Armed Delhian navy vessels patrol the waters of the Chagos, to insure no escapes or uprisings. Back at home, our naval and army production intensifies, and guarding of our cities becomes even heavier. Despite the great military production, new trade routes (mostly on land this year) help boost our economy to supply our army and navy. UPDATE: Coming to the aid of our borthers in Bahmani, we officially DECLARE WAR on Majapahit and send 125,000 troops to Burma. Any further Gunterists caught will not be sent to the Chagos: they will be killed. We rally Hindus to join our cause, to stop the evils of Gunter from infecting the great nations of India.
 * Himalaya Kingdom: With the exile of the Gunterists in the Chagos, the youngest of the Gunterists that were given a second chance are transported to the village of Khumjung, where they are to train and learn the ways of Islam under the shadow of Sagarmatha. While the learning is mostly conducted in local village structures, a proper mosque and learning/training center begin to be constructed. We aim to embed in their minds to reject Gunterism, become a loyal Muslim, and swear absolute loyalty to the Sultan. In other news, we begin to also intensify army production and guard our cities to pacify resistance.
 * Delhian Diplomacy: We reiterate our offer to Kangra to become a Delhian vassal for 75,000 rupees, along with the economic and defensive benefits being part of Delhi would bring.  (MOD RESPONSE) 
 * Kangra accepts. -scraw
 * Khmer: Our population stands at 8.5 million, and for the most part, enough food is produced to feed them, or at least prevent hunger riots. Our economy continues to improve after the ending of the civil war. Sulka continues to prove popular, particularly in his ability to keep religious tensions low - in fact religious violence is falling rapidly in most places, and is now punished much more often. The military continues to grow, and is ready to expand Khmer is Sulka deems it necessary.
 * Mayapan: Diplomats remain in the Mexica capital to talk about terms for a trade deal. Expansion continues along the southern border. (TOBY, waiting for your response.) Integration of the southern city-states into the League is continued by the High Council. Each new state is expected to supply men to train and serve in the national army. The council seeks to improve commerce and communication between the many settlements of the Yucatan by constructing and maintaining roads between them. Work continues to renovate and update existing buildings and roads, and to create plans for future upkeep and renovations.
 * The Mexica have created the Texcoco Pact, lets discuss here
 * Mayapan accepts the outlined terms
 * Kingdom of England and Scotland: Under the precondition, that Burgundy declares war with us we declare war on France in conjunction with Iberia. If Burgundy agrees we send 18,000 troops and our Great General Richard IV protected by our new fleet and the fleet of Burgundy and its admiral to Burgundian Netherlands where we hope to meet a Burgundian force and march to Paris alongside them from the Netherlands. While 4500 troops remain home under the command of the Crown Prince Edward. We aim to take Paris because King Richard IV and the King of Castille are related and so he is defending a family member combined with the fact that we wish to retake historical french lands which we used to control. In England we halt most important work due to monetary strain on our economy but Parliament doesn't mind due to Richard IV's reputation as a good leader and king.
 * Burgundian Dip: King Richard is welcomed with great fanfare in the Burgundian Netherlands, and Charles allows him overall command of the allied army.
 * With his rule cemented in Hungary, Austrian Archduke, now undisputed king of the Hungarians, Ferdinand, continues to cement his rule in the realm. Making sure to appoint utterly loyal yes-men as the remaining counts in Hungary, ensuring their loyalty by reminding them that "they can be replaced at the stroke of a pen", Before he leaves, however, he further subdivides the pervious ten counties, dividing many of them in two, as to reduce the powers of the Magnates. The Magates, however, are relatively happy, as they percieve this to mean that more of them can attain the rank of count. THe only ones unaffected by this change, creating twenty Hungarian Counties instead of Ten, are the three Hereditary counts, the most powerful and first of Ferdinand's supporters, one of whom is without male heirs and marries his daughter  Zoe Garai to Ferdinand's brother Rudolph von Habsburg-Wittelsbach, effectively ensuring his succession to one of the Hereditary Counties of Hungary.  Ferdinand returns to Vienna where he aims to continue the work of his father. Aiming to centralize governance, builds on his father's administrative reforms by making all magistrate positions subject to Archducal approval. He institutes the same type of Count-Appointee system as in Hungary, dividing the Duchies of the Reaml (Austria, Styria, Corinthia-Carniola) into several counties and appointing counts-for-life, making sure to add the caviat that the position is conditional on continued Crown approval. In a grand ceremony, Ferdinand marries a Hungarian noblewoman, sixteen-year-old Zsofia Ujlaki, hoping to quickly produce an heir.
 * In Hungary, the First High Council is called to order. After long debate, they chose Sigismund Garai, one of the hereditary counts, to serve as viceroy in Ferdinand's absence. The first action they take is to bring all of the minor nobility in line with the new order. The few that resist are made examples of, lands stripped and themselves executed as commoners, replaced by men loyal to the Habsburgs. In Austria, the New Counts begin doing their jobs, galvanized in their loyalty toward Austria, becoming little more than Appointed Magistrates. By the order of Apostolic King Ferdinand, the head of the High Ruling Council of Hungary, whose members contin hand-picked counts as well as the three hereditary counts, is grated the title "Duke of Hungary" by law, the title becoming the de facto equivelant to Lord Regent.
 * Mexica Alliance: Continues to grow in wealth and power. Expansion along the coast south through Mexica and Zaptoec lands continues, but exploration and settlement building also begins up both the Sierra Madre Oriental and the Pacific coast. In Tenochtitlan, Emperor Moctezuma I begins to increase the rate of conscription in newly captured lands, however continuing to ensure religious freedom.  There is a slight decrease in sacrifices this year, as many priests begin to replace it with animal sacrifice and bloodletting. With the famine years past, the population begins to soar, and Aztec people from the three main cities are encouraged with rewards to move into newly added lands.
 * Castile: The Castilian Nation declares war on the nations of France under the auspices of liberating Aragon. With all of France's manpower tied down in Paris, Castile liberates Aragon with no resistance (since this is what happened in Sicily when I abandoned it). The last Hostile Iberian strong hold, Navarre, is marched on, as France can not spare the man power to defend it. Portugal contributes 18,000 men to join the Castillian and Aragonese Army.
 * Japan: Japanese ships continue to explore islands in the Pacific, attempting to find a route to Indonesia that does not require fighting against a current. The Jukuo begin to operate more in these Pacific Islands, leading to an era of romanticism in mainland Japan about the exploration of the Pacific Ocean. They begin to prosper off of the collapse of the Khmer Empire, though the economy of Japan itself works to pick up the fallen pieces of the Khmer Empire's economy. They advertise the location of Japan's Taiwan colony. This colony, already very prosperous, expands further south. In the meantime, Shogun Ashikaga Yoshikage tours the southern portions of Japan even more, especially the areas of Honshu that rebelled against the Shogun. Their loyalties remain affirmed to the Shogun, thankfully. While he is in Southern Honshu, he is noted for having stayed in the recently-settled Hiroshima. Japan's military experts take a look at the weaponry of their neighbors in mainland Asia, notably the hwacha and turtle ships of Korea and the firearms and cannons of China. They intend to replicate these designs and improve upon them. The explicit arts make a fine fortune for artists in Japan, with Daimyo and rich man alike buying these works of art. They are noted for having pushed the boundaries of what is considered normal art in Japan, if not all of East Asia. The Japanese navy sees expansion this year, with several older ships being scrapped, any salvagable parts being used in new ships. The bulk of the Honshu navy patrols the sea of Japan and the tip of Hokkaido while the bulk of the Shimazu navy patrols the inland sea between southern Honshu and the other Japanese islands. Kyushu, in the meantime, provides a tight defense net in the south. The eastern shores do see frequent patrols by the Honshu navy though the need to guard this shore is obviously less imperative than guarding the western shore would be.
 * Dai Viet: We accept China's naval base deal. Meanwhile, new cities start to creep up toward the northern shore of Vietnam.
 * Chinese Diplomacy: We thank the nobe Dai Viet government for their selling of the base to the Empire, noting that the Dai Viet will now benefit from Chinese protection - if they call for it in the future.
 * Chinese Empire: The Empire continues to grow as its population booms, reaching new hights as the peace causes many to want children feeling it is safe from conflict.  The military is expanded to 700,000 men, while the navy reaches 1300 of the latest ships. The Empire continues to contruct cannon and gunpowder factories across the country. The colonies in Taiwan and Luzon continue to grow and flourish as more and more settlers are sent there. WILL ADD MORE LATER.
 * Mongolia: The Gong continues to accept the flow of Chinese immigration, as it continues to improve the state as a whole and improve the economy, with the total number of Chinese in Mongolia now numbering around 98,000. We continue to expand northward.
 * In the Kingdom of Italy, King Matteo begins the process of restoring order to Liguria, which was recently liberated from Iberian domination. The Republic is renamed as the Republic of Genoa, and given equal rights as the cities of Venice, Florence, Pisa, and Siena. The King also uses some of the royal treasury - expanded from the settlement of the Italo-Austrian War - to fund infrastructure repairs in the docks of Genoa. Elsewhere, he notes with disapproval the invasions of France, but decides along the French king's envoys to not intervene. Integration of Istria has come to completion, but the dominance of the Istriot tongue continues for now. In the Kingdom of Naples, Matteo's men consolidate control over Sicily, Sardinia, and Malta. Existing Aragonese institutions begin to be repurposed for Neapolitan use. The lingua franca of these regions, which has traditionally been closer to standardized Italian than Aragonese, is encouraged as a means of associating the realms with the Italian peninsula. In Croia, Berat, Epirus, and the Morea, the settlement of Italians and resettlement of Albanians and Greeks continues, but the army remains on alert along the borders with Castillian Athens.

1464
'''With the Bulgar conquest of Constantinople, the vast majority of the Greek academics and scholars are repulsed by the vulgarity and bruteness of their conquerors. They move en masse to the cities of Thessaloniki with others going to Renaissance Italy.'''

Great Admiral and Burgundian national hero John of Luxembourg dies while trying to mount a naval blockade of France’s northern coast.
 * Good night, sweet prince. -Guy

''' In the Burgundian War of Independence, the Burgundian/Brandenburger/English/Castilian alliance has secured control over most of Paris. Resistance is intermittent, but the King appears willing to sign the Treaty of Nancy. '''

''' The Gurkani-Astrakhanate invasion of Russia continues after a brief winter respite, with the Muslim forces marching onto Moscow. '''

''' NOTE: Minor correction, the Portuguese royal family-in-exile will be stationed in Cape Verde, not Azores. -Sky '''


 * Kingdom of Burgundy: With the signing of the Treaty of Nancy, there are celebrations for the establishment of the first independent Burgundian kingdom in a century. March 20, the day of the treaty's signing, is declared to be celebrated as Independence Day. However, the celebration is tempered by the arrival of news of the death of Admiral John de Luxembourg, the "Iron Bastard", while maintaining the blockade on Normandy. The Admiral is given a state funeral, but in accordance to his wishes, is buried in a simple grave on the coast near Ostend, the site of his first experience in combat. Burgundian control over the Sint Michael Islands (Azores) is maintained.


 * The Gurkani Sultanate:  Sultan Zeeshan Beg Mirza continued his rule over the Sultanate, with Al Mansur An Nasir as the Caliph. The Gurkani population rose to about 34 million with the people flocking to cities like Herat, Isfahan, Gamrun, Qazvin, Bukhara, Tabriz and Iskenderun; primarily due to their strategic position in the spice trade. In regards to religion, the Sultanate promoted Shia Islam, and advocated conversion to the Zaidi sect from other Islamic sects, often engaging in forced conversions. The military was primarily composed of medium-to-heavy cavalry, composite bow, lance, mace, and sword. Heavy cavalrymen wore plated chain mail or metal lamellar armor, with their horses also wearing leather or metal lamellar barding. The infantry was equipped with daggers and swords to be utilised in close combat against the enemy and elephants as well as carts were used for the transportation of supplies. Cannons were constructed to serve as siege weaponry whilst hand cannons and rocket launchers were developed as gunpowder became increasingly popular. Naval bases were established at Iskenderun, Trabzon and Gamrun to establish the presence of the Gurkani fleet in the Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea and the Persian Gulf respectively, keen on controlling any piracy. The Gurkani Navy developed galleys and carracks to augment the smaller patrol fleets. Agriculture and commerce were at the Sultanate's forepoint, with wheat, rice and barley being amongst the largest produced crops. To prevent the Sultanate from ever getting hit by a major famine, the individual Amirs also engaged in the storage of food supplies, which would be utilized in case of famine or otherwise exported. Fishery was promoted as well as it helped in sustaining the fishery villages that were present along the coast, as well as the major port cities of Iskenderun, Basra, Gamrun, Kerch and Trabzon. Importance was also given on the development of proper roads for the merchants utilizing the trade routes through the Sultanate, with all caravans being armed and protected with a small detachment of guards. Meanwhile, the construction of educational madrassahs continued throughout the Empire, with the sultan keen on spreading education and knowledge amongst the populace of the Sultanate. The Sultan sought to replicate the Islamic Golden Age that existed during the period of the Abbasids prior to the Mongol Invasion, and accordingly funded the teaching of Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, with Algebra, Geometry, Astronomy, Anatomy and Medicine being of prime importance. The  lingua franca  promoted throughout the Sultanate was also Persian, primarily due to the fact that Persian had existed as the language spoken by communities in the region for centuries and as such served as an excellent language for communication. The Sultanate continued to expand its territories into the Caucasus.  With the Russian army decimated at the Battle of Moscow, the Gurkani military marched into the city of Moscow and engaged in a mass slaughter of the Russians, reportedly turning the Moscow River red from blood. The soldiers sacked the city and then proceeded to set it ablaze to commemorate the memory of Timur the Great. Russian troops that had been held captive were all blinded with only one soldier being the sole exception; he was blinded in only one eye and then given the task to lead all the other soldiers back to Novgorod. With a complete and total victory secured over the Russians, the Gurkani troops ransacked the Russian countryside, murdering hundreds of men and raping thousands of women, whilst destroying the crops and setting ablaze most of the minor towns and villages. In some cases, the soldiers even engaged in the rape of men and boys, before killing them and dumping their bodies. By the end of the year, most of the occupied regions had been ravaged and razed with hundreds of thousands of Russians killed in the slaughter. Diplomats were soon sent off to Novgorod to signify that the Gurkani were prepared to finally sign peace whilst the Gurkani military finally began to march down south in triumph, carrying with themselves a massive caravan of war spoils and thousands of Russians as 'slaves'. By this point, reports of the atrocities had already reached the Gurkani Sultanate with hundreds of eager slave-owners awaiting the arrival of the 'white' slaves. Meanwhile, most of the Russian Black Sea navy captured at the Battle of Rostov on Don was integrated into the Gurkani Black Sea navy and sent to Trabzon.
 * Khedivate of Trabzon: Amir Julius Megas Komnenos continued his reign over the city of Trabzon.Acting as a vassal to the Gurkani Sultanate, he would only be answerable to the Gurkani Amir. The military and the navy were developed along the same lines as their Gurkani counterparts.Trabzoni authorities continue to work on the construction of a fleet at Trabzon, working side by side with Castilian authorities. The Trabzon Amir, Julius Komnenos would continue to develop the trade route leading from his Black Sea port of Trabzon, connecting it to the city of Tabriz, hoping to make the spice trade routes much more advanced and efficient.
 * Korea continues to experience prosperity under a meritocratic bureaucracy led by monarch Yi Hyorin. Korea designates the ports of Incheon, Mokpo, Busan, Hwataesi, and Sinsado as the only places open to the foreign merchants, to restrict foreign influence on Korean culture and politics. This is referred to as the daseotsi system. Korea implements a ban on the exportation of Korean military technologies, especially gunpowder weapons such as hwacha, and ships such as the geobukseon. This is meant to prevent replication of these technologies by neighbours. A policy of militarization continues, gunpowder weapon production increases as workshops specializing in said industry receive subsidies. Korea continues its naval tradition, building bigeodo, gwaseon, and the first geobukseon, while scrapping older ships and the outdated gwiseon. Korean scientists are tasked with reverse-engineering and replicating Chinese firearms, to replace the less-efficient Korean handcannon. Korea sends naval patrols through the Taiwan strait to ensure that access to Southeast Asia is left untampered by recent Japanese patrols near Taiwan and the Ryukyus. In response to increased Japanese patrols in the Korea strait, Korea does so as well, but tells the Japanese that this is a preemptive measure and should not be counted as aggression. Overseas trade in Southeast Asia increases, with Korean merchants trading porcelain and luxury goods in exchange for tropical agricultural goods. Overseas trade with Japan also increases, instrumental in the improvement of Korean–Japanese relations. Korean merchants trade luxury goods and precious metals in exchange for explicit works of art and Japanese timber. Korean missionaries also travel to Japan, trying to convert the Japanese into Yi Buddhism. Jurchens continue to be assimilated under Korean culture and more Korean settlers are sent to Buk-in-do to stomp out separatist movements. Arable land is cultivated with the Manchu rice cultivar, and with food being so plentiful, population growth becomes very favourable. Mahayana Buddhism under the Yi sect, which fuses Confucian doctrines and Muist rites, becomes increasingly ingrained into Korean culture. Wealthy yangban patronize the arts and literature. Buildings are upscaled in beauty and sophistication to reflect Korea's growing affluence, while more people, especially those in the yangban, chung-in, and sang-in castes, choose to partake in education.


 * Swahili: The nation's income continues to grow, both from increased tariffs and from the Royal Trade Fleet. Our manufacturers expand and make more money. We expand southward to connect our realm. 10,000 local tribesman and foreign settlers became citizens of our nation last year due to our policies of land reclamation and immigration attraction. Our warships aid the bahmanis in their war.


 * Croatia: Ragusa is incorporated into the nation with the Ragusan knez being a declared Steward of the Council of Croatia and the Archbishop of Ragusa becoming the Chancellor of Ragusa. The second child of King Rinaldo and Queen Eva is born, her name being Katarina. The Archbishop of Split becomes Chancellor of Dalmatia, Archbishop of Zagreb Chancellor of Slavonia and Archbishop of Vrhbosna Chancellor of Bosnia. This Council is formed as the first chamber of the new Sabor with the 12 noble patricians being the second one. The King issues bulls, mostly with confirmation by the Sabor in order to start creating powerful mayors, the future representatives of the townsfolk.
 * Bulgarian Empire: In Response to the 1456 agreement giving control of Moldavia to Vasili, he swiftly honors the agreement now his strength being able and establishes itself as the Moldavian overlord (Please look back to the 1456 turn for confirmation on this) With this complete, Vasili looks to end the territorial expansion/restoration of the Empire not wishin to overextend his fledgeling empire. In response to owning multiple significant port cities now, Vasili deems in neccessary to begin building a fleet for his country, particularly a merchant fleet for the Empire to use for trade. This comes as a surprise to the boyars who have been enamoured with whatever aggressive move would come next from their Tsar. This shift to a more economic focus is absolutely shocking to them, but instead of revulsion for not continuing the conquest of the balkans, the majority of the Boyars declare their open and outright support for the Tsar. Tsar Vaili-Kaloyan having set to work restoring the holy patriarchates in the Empire. This brings the Ecumenical Patriarch into a direct meeting with the Tsar. The Patriarch Grigorios Andris confirms the Tsar as Defender of the Faith for his actions in expelling the Turks from the Balkans, but also as Restorer of the Faith for the current movements to rebuild the strength of the Orthodox Church. This sees the church beginning to spread to to some of the other Balkan kingdoms and duchies with the funding going into the church starting to expand to outside church parties partly starting a more unifying purpose with the Orthodox church. The bulgarian economy having been operating and jumpstarting for nearly two to four years is finally able to get off the ground as regular travel routes begin to be established going through smaller towns between cities, and if not able set up a large outpost as a guarded rest stop for merchants. The Bulgarian population sees some solid growth with the population. The Tsar considering conducting a census to get a more accurate count of population and in order to do this he creates a bureaucracy out of some of the Aristocratic classes. These bereaucrats are immediately put to work conducting a census and the Tsar considers them a personal extension of himself. The Boyars remain unwilling to challenge the king as his bureaucrats get involved into the boyars personal dominions. However due to their own immediate and unclear control of lands, the Tsar is able to unilaterally go through his country for information on supplies, populations, among other things. Tsar Kaloyan notices the willingness of his Nobility to step aside to his orders and takes mental notes of this as he prepares for an armed tour of his new empire. He raises roughly 3,000 troops without difficulty and no objection from his boyars or any of the cities as well. The city of Constantinople sees more growth as with many greek aristocrats leaving, their upper class living quarters and areas opens up for aristocrats, boyars, high level members in the Tsars bureaucracy. The City sees another impressive year of growth with the city as the Tsar is able to successfully impress the need of revitalizing the "Queen of Cities". The Theodosian walls see the beginnings of their restoration too as the city now begins to see wealth flow in from the trade and tribute coming out of Anatolia from the Ottomans. It is noticed however that the Ottomans are able to trade in spices due to their relationship with the Gurkanis and this begins to be exploited as a relatively cheap source of Spices as the success of the Bulgarians over the Ottomans has left them open to this exploit. Tarnovo, Sofiya, Plovdiv, and Kaoloyagrad all seeing either mass building, restoration, or serious improvement to the city. Constantinople once again becomes a major trade center as a good sized merchant class has started up in the city permeating trade through the city which has impressively gained a 120,000 strong population. As a result of the large amounts of Bulgarian and Wallachian immigration the city is renamed to Vasiligrad.
 * Duchy of Moldavia:
 * Croatia: A royal marriage is offered between Katarina, first daugther of King Rinaldo and the heir of the Tsar. In order to strengthen the bond, a trade agreement is offered, as well as an option to become allies.
 * Bulgar Dip: Accepted.
 * Papal Diplomacy: Callixtus IV sends a Papal Legate to Bulgaria to establish relations (given that the Bulgarian Orthodox Church is one of those which have re-entered communion with Rome whilst maintaining its own traditions and autonomy). The Legate asks the Tsar for permission for the Pope to travel to Constantinople next year, as he has been planning to for years, and co-celebrate a Divine Liturgy with the Patriarch of Constantinople.
 * Mexica Alliance: The alliance is shocked when, in uncertain circumstances, Emperor Moctezuma I dies at age 65. The nations and the cities within are in morning, and he is given a proper royal burial. His grandson, Axicyotzin, ascends to Tlatoani of Tenochtitlan, and ruler of the whole of the Mexica Alliance. Unlike Moctezuma, Axicyotzin is far more military focused, but also more benevolent. Expansion north along both coasts continues at a more rapid pace, with some settlements already there opting to join, or be in close association with, the Mexica Alliance. The population of the three main cities grows, at odds with the amount of people leaving to newly added territories. Conscription rates increase, and the first semblinces of a navy are constructed, especially in the coastal city of Tochpan. The Texcoco Pact is signed, pending a signature from the Mayapan.
 * Sultanate of Sulu: Sulu a small nation of only around 100,000, starts militarizing due to the rocky political conditions in the region. The government starts focusing on infrastructure to better connect the nation's small fishing communities along the coast. They work to build up the capital city of Lutaia, which currently has about 30,000 people.
 * Brandenburg-Luxembourg: With the economy of Luxembourg booming he sends his youngest son Karl now aged 17 to the university of of Luxembourg and also sets him up there as governor to rule directly for his father who is off in Berlin as a way of consolidating power across his domains. In a much similar way Heinrich the heir to his domains is given increased responsibilities in Silesia to maintain the peace and continue with the consolidation of power for the house of Brandenburg. Heinrich begins construction of the Berlin Palace (based on OTL Berlin Palace) as his formal place of residence. Along with this efforts to build up the infrastructure of the growing city of Berlin begins. With the population now standing at 25,000, making it the largest city in the province of Brandenburg. Heinrich publicly condemns Thuringia's invasion of Hesse but having been just having just been elected emperor and still needing to deal with the threat posed by the Teutons Heinrich makes the promise to eventually deal with internal issues of the HRE at a later meeting of the princes. Military expansion continues as the army grows to 25,000 troops under the Heinrichen reforms and more arquebuses using the matchlock  firing mechanism are introduced into the rank and file. With the new generation of nobles and aristocrats largely loyal to both Heinrich and his son Otto. Heinrich begins a process of integrating the nobility into the ruling body by creating a council of nobles to act as an advisory council but he also passes a decree reinforcing the obligations of the nobilities to obey and defend their Sovereign. The power of the nobility is also slightly reduced by the increased flow of people to cities and the growth of Cottage industries. smaller noble families begin depending on the larger houses for financial support which themselves are in business with the growing merchant and artisan guilds. The German Renaissance continues to take off with Berlin, Stettin, Breslau, and Luxembourg as the epicentres in the domains of the Brandenburg family. The University of Berlin grows in prestige as the political, philosophical, economic, and religious debates and classes gain numbers and graduates. Meanwhile the University of Luxembourg is expanded as the Chemistry, Biology, Astronomy, and the Mechanical Arts grow. A new department of Mechanical Arts opens up in the University of Breslau (Mechanical arts was the medieval name for the precursor to engineering). The University of Luxembourg in cooperation with the royal family and the University of Berlin begin constructing a Library known as the Brandenburg Archives in Berlin. Otto and Elsha have their first child a boy named Otto after his father. A few months later Otto has an illegitimate child with his long time lover Karoline von Havel a girl named Hilde, though the relations between the two is hiding from the public eye. Otto's sympathies for the Hussites continues to grow as many of his forces are Hussite moderates, and he and his men fully support the efforts of his father Heinrich and their family's legacy of keeping peace and harmony between the Hussites and Catholics. The Brandenburg Court debates continue as many moderate Hussites being up the topic of prayer and Papal Infallibility. Along with raising the concepts and beliefs of fate, and sin. Heinrich and the other members of the Brandenburg nobility be them Catholic or Hussite continue to reaffirm their loyalties to Rome and the pope, however. With the victory over France Heinrich presses for the concession of Lorraine.
 * Cologne Diplomacy: Abbess Sophia hears of the birth of her beloved Elsha’s first child and sends her wholehearted congratulations to the new couple in Brandenburg, along with a gift for the young Otto: a small silver medallion on a necklace, painted in the honour of Saint Adelphina. Without Adelphina, this prosperous marriage would not have been possible.
 * Kingdom of England and Scotland: With France and England signing peace the Duchy of Brittany becomes a vassal to the Crown. We keep moderate taxes on Brittany and the expectation for the Duke to uphold the laws and maintain a reasonable army while remaining independent otherwise. In England with the war ended Richard IV is welcomed home a hero in London. Richard IV contuines his policy of better education for the country with more work on universities and grammar schools. The fleet is expanded by another 10 ships in recognition of it's service. The tax reform with better logging on property ownership and recording of that data with records stored in Winchester.
 * Duchy of Thuringen: The city guard continues to defend the capital city of Erfurt. Our military grows by adding more recruits each year. We continue to trade a lot with our neighboring states. Farming goes well in our nation this year. Peace is upon our nation since Europe is currently not going through any type of wars and such. Our citizens are happy with the current situation of our nation. With the win over Hesse in the second war with them we take over what is left of Hesse. We now control all of what used to be Hesse's land.
 * Cologne Diplomacy: Archbishop Emmerich of Cologne is keenly aware that Thuringen has taken over Hesse and congratulates Karsten on his overthrow of what was once a state littered with heresy. With this in mind, Emmerich proposes a trade deal with Thuringen, provided that Thuringen adopt the Adelphinian Reforms as supported by both the Holy Roman Emperor and His Holiness Callixtus IV. Emmerich sends an envoy to Thuringen who gift the Duke with a copy of the Book of Adelphinian Reforms. These reforms are explained to involve creating a Court of Discipline to ensure that all clergy members are being true to their vows and not selling indulgences, and encouraging assistance of the poor through the building of infirmaries and schools.
 * Papal States: The University of Bologna welcomes many of the fleeing Greek academice from Constantinople, and many of the latter begin to take advantage of the University's printing press. The Pope hears rumours that some clerics are purporting to sell Indulgences, and sends a small team of Dominicans of the Inquisition to investigate. His Holiness writes to King Olaf of Sweden, asking that he take it upon himself to establish a new settlement in Greenland, thus re-establishing the diocese of Garðar, which can be used as a base from which to convert the unfortunately still-heathen Esqimos. Given the fame of king Olaf's zeal for the Faith, the clerics feel that he would be the most appropriate to fund such a noble and Christian venture. Finally, the Pope writes to the Bishops of Brandenburg which use the "Hussite" Rite, asking that representatives be sent to Rome for a meeting to mark the 40th anniversary of the Concord of Luxembourg which will look at the current arrangements between the Latin and "Hussite" rites, the organisational structures, and will also consider the theological debates which have been taking place in Berlin.


 * Kingdom of France: After a long battle in and around Paris, with thousands of Burgundian, Brandenburger, and English troops coming in and out of the city and many frenchmen storming in to defend, the city falls to the forces at noon on the one hundred twenty first day. Charles VII orders clergymen to stand outside important buildings and institutions, and requests to talk with the enemy rulers for negotiations. All though there are damages, it leaves much of the city unharmed, under a quasi-occupation by the enemy. Castillian troops also seize Charles's dynastic Navarran lands in the south. Charles is brought to Nancy with his guard where negotiations occur. Many concessions are made including Navarre, dynastic lands to the east, and the vassalage of Brittany. The french treasury is greatly reduced once all of the reparations to the enemy nations are paid. This earns Charles the title of "The Unfortunate". On the brink of a peasants war due to unpopularity of the war, Charles reduces the rate of the Taille. To compensate for all this loss in capital, Charles decides to further cement his alliance with Italy and sells the territory of Saluzzo and Corisca for a large amount of Scudo (along with a deal that formalizes the alliance and lets France keep a small amount of rights in the regions). This causes inflation of French goods, but it also brings a mass amount of wealth back into the treasury. By the end the year Charles is confined to his bedroom, and doctors state it is probably due to stress. With Italian help, France begins building a small navy. The nation continues to look for ways to improve the army. Paris starts being reconstructed. France cuts off relations with the Papal States, after feeling betrayed as they tried to get involved politically against France and Italy. Other stuff happens.
 * The Kingdom of Italy agrees to buy Corsica and Saluzzo for an extensive sum of money, largely drawing from the reparations from the Italo-Austrian War and the new tax upon Aragonese shipments past the Straits of Messina and Channel of Sicily. We also formalize the alliance and grant France continued docking rights in Corsica for fifty years.
 * Sultanate of Bengal: After the victory in the Great Eastern War, Rukunuddin Barbak Shah declares a period of national celebration. Peace negotiations to end the Great Eastern War will be conducted. Hindus throughout the Sultanate cheer the defeat o Gunturism, and many leave Gunturism, after seeing its catastrophic defeat against the Indian Sultanates. The navy continues to grow at a steady rate of 20 ships a year, and cannons are mounted on more ships.
 * Ahom Kingdom: Susenphaa is overjoyed at the Indian victory in the Great Eastern War. A national celebration is conducted, and Charade is further renovated.
 * OOC Delhi: Umm, I don't think the war has ended just yet. We have successfully occupied Malaya, but the war isn't won yet. Keep building up your military though. ~Orange
 * Delhi and Bahamanid invasion of Malaysia should be retconned. That's way too far. -Nate