List of states and regions of Brazil (Portuguese Butterfly)

The Democratic Republic of Brazil is a federal republic consisting of 26 states, a federal district, and other minor islands classified into several sea districts. The Brazilian territory comprehends on a contiguous territory, by the west of the Río de la Plata region to the Atlantic Forest in the east, including the islands in the Atlantic Sea.

The territory of Brazil is limited by Gran-Pará and the Equatorian Confederation by the north; the Andes Republic by the west; and La Plata by the Southwest.

History
The present states of Brazil trace their history in a combination of the captaincies established by Portugal following the Treaty of Tordesillas, the Treaty of Ilhéus which conceded independence to the separatist captaincies, and wars which conquered the rest of the Platinean Mesopotamia.

When the independence was formalized, the Constitution created 12 states, Bahia, Cisplatina, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Palmares, Pantanal, Paraguai, Santa Catarina, Santa Cruz, São Paulo, São Pedro, the Federal District, and incorporated the Territory of Chaco (state of Gran Chaco nowadays).

In 1820, southern portion of Goiás formed the new state of Triângulo. After the independence of the Equatorian Confederation in 1826, negotiations between the nations traded the northern portion of Goiás to mid-southern portions of the Equatorian Confederation. It was created the state of Agreste. The trade was made to create a migration process in the given territory.

In 1852, after the end of the War of the Río de la Plata, Brazil annexed the provinces of the Platinean Mesopotamia, converting them into the states of Correntes and Lomadas. In the same year, due to revolts in São Paulo, the southern portion was separated into the state of Guairá. After the end of the Brazilian Civil War, the southeastern portion of the Paraguayan state was given to the state of Santa Catarina. The Chaco Territory was established as an official state.

In 1895, after a long battle in Canudos, the Brazilian government succeded the Territory of Canudos in the north of Bahia. The leader, Antônio Conselheiro, became a myth in the region. Some years later, the Southern coast of Bahia became the state of Ilhéus.

During the Vargas government, the state of São Paulo started a rebel government. The rebellion was called the Constitutionalist Revolution of 1935. In the end, as a punishment, the state of São Paulo was divided again in the north portion, which became the state of Tietê. During the Third World War, the territories of Ponta Porã (portion of Pantanal) and Iguassu (portion of Guairá) were created. In the end, the territories became actual states. In 1966, the state of Goiás was divided between the west (Goiás), and the east (Planalto).