Rise of the Arabs (Map Game)

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In 1958 Egypt and Syria unify into a unitary state of the UAR which promptly collapses within 3 years. If they had made a devolved federal state giving each former constituent republic a great deal of power. How long and how big could it have got? Well you figure it out. The year is 1965, the UAR consisting of the former states of Egypt, Syria, Iraq, Jordan and North Yemen are at high tension levels with Israel. America gets deeper and deeper into Vietnam, the Space Race is underway and the whole world is reeling in tensions from the Cold War.

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Map
1965

Moderators

 * Person67
 * Thewolvesden
 * General - Mapmaker

Backstory

 * PoD: In 1958, Egypt and Syria create a federal state leaving devolved powers while establishing a basic constitutional framework of common foreign policy, defence and customs while Syria is established as a semi- democracy and semi army ruled state.
 * As Syria maintains a great deal of independence, the new government of Iraq joins the UAR in 1958.
 * The three states do well at keeping close together with Nasser of Egypt controlling foreign policy and aspects of defence (with each state having their own army) as well as the application of customs. A lot of support is given to Fedayeen units operating in the West Bank and Jordan with these units being supplied mortars and RPGs. Radio Cairo also spreads propaganda into Jordanian cities and the West Bank
 * PoD: Al- Badr fails to escape in the 1962 North Yemen coup and is caught and executed. The civil war never breaks out although there is still low level insurgency by the tribes with no leader to rally behind and so not much happens.
 * In 1963, a 19 man raid by the Fedayeen from the West Bank into Israel leaves 2 Israeli soldiers dead and 4 wounded leading to an Israeli retaliatory strike into the West Bank to clear out what they believe to be a major Fedayeen camp. The Jordanian army refuses to respond leading to an uprising in the West Bank against Jordanian rule, this uprising spreads into Amman where protesters have street battles with local police until a UAR tank division intervenes and strikes south over the border while after large bribes 2 of Jordan's senior commanders each with a brigade under their command launch a coup and declare the monarchy dead and they are now a part of the UAR. Actual fighting is limited and mainly some resistance by the tribes to the UAR occupation but low level.
 * Tensions continue to rise with Israel but no war as of 1965 while Arabs across the middle east and beyond especially in Libya and the Arabian peninsula are heavily agitated against their current British or monarch rulers.

Nation List
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1965.0
 Lyndon B. Johnson is sworn as the President of the United States of America and he promises in his early State of Union adress to create a Great Society 

''' The state funeral of Winston Churchill is the largest assembly of leaders of State for a funeral in history. '''

''' Operation Rolling Thunder continues while the first ground troops in the form of US marines land to protect US airbases. '''

''' The Indo- Pakistani war contuines with neither side gaining the upper hand in limited skirmishes. '''

''' The Rolling Stones get their first number one hit in the US. '''

''' Tensions between the UAR and Israel continue while revolution threatens to break out in the Arab penisula and Libya. '''

''' Alexey Leonov becomes the first man to walk in space. '''
 * USSR: The USSR starts off very happy with their current progress in the Space Race with the first EVA conducted although the new premier Leonid Brezhnev is concerned with the high costs of the new Soyuz program and authorises the Soyuz program only if the costs and scale of the program can be scaled down. General Secretary Brezhnev plans to rapidly reform the economy believing otherwise it will fail to grow and he plans to start off with reform to agriculture and small scale industry. The first major reform in agriculture breaks down the collective farms to some degree and individual farmers now keep all of their produce while the new system of taxation for farmers is done based on how much land they have and across the country performance at harvest with the taxes having to be paid in the Soviet Rouble encouraging cash flow while also with farmers now owning their crops they can now be sold and purchased so the government takes itself out of the food distribution to civilians with individual food vendors being made into independent businesses as they have to procure their own produce and can set rates by themselves. The fact that all food has to now be bought in currency leads to the Soviet Rouble maintains it's value to everyone. While small scale industry defined as community based and non- essential industries is now allowed to be privately owned and operated with the goods freely sold at prices. This increased privatisation is to encourage innovation and motive to increase productivity. The new wages for public sectors works involve that output is related to wages encouraging higher productivity. As education standards decline and fall, a reform to the education system is made with the construction of more university places for those wishing to study science and engineering. In cities and larger towns, new excellence academies are introduced with education starting at 14 for students performing above expectation and these schools receive more money per pupil so class sizes are around 30 in these cases and the focus in these classes is on the teaching of advanced maths and sciences. In general education the school leaving age is set at 14 provided they pass a Soviet Junior Citizen test assessing they are literate, numerate and aware of how great their country is. Grants are created for high performing Soviet students who go to university to study science and maths in which they are paid the wages of a skilled labourer in addition to receiving free university education. In the military a number of new aircraft such as the Su-11 and Tu-28 are introduced while tanks such as the T-64 and T-62 are being built. Material supports in the form of small arms, SA-75 AA weapons and essentials such as food and medical supplies are provided to North Vietnam to fight in their insurgency.
 * GDR:We ask the republic of cuba for a trade deal where we shall set up a Trabant Factory which will be allowed to make 1 000 off them per day they will have labour from Cuba and for setting up the factory we want a not yet dicided amouth off sugar and fruit .We also ask the soviet for more millitary help to defend our country.we also ask the soviet union if they could train our soldiers so that some soviet soldiers can be placed in other more needed regions
 * **Cuban Diplomacy: We agree to this deal.
 * GDR:What amouth off fruit and sugar will you give for the trade deal ?
 * Cuba:   We send in 15,000 tons of sugar and 5,000 tons of fruit.
 * United Arab Republic: President Gamal Abdel Nasser continues his effort of modernizing Egypt and bringing it as the leader of the Arab World. Cairo is the center of Arabic radio and movie industries, and produces entertainment and news in Modern Standard Arabic in the style of Western Europe. An election is held this year and found Nasser to once again win the presidency with 100% of the vote. Oil and gas are extracted across the Republic and used as industrial resources, and exported abroad for food and water from the western world. The population of 52 million live in a very mixed state or poor and wealthy. Nasser continues his socialist policies to bring people out of poverty and into the job market, while maintaining capitalist economy by public projects. The Baathist parties of Iraq and Syra are merged into the Arab Socialist Union, in keeping with Nasser's one-party law. The Arab government asks the Soviet Union for military hardware to support their nationalist movements. Salah Jadid is made Prime minister over Greater Syria, while Zaid ibn Shaker is made Prime minister over Jordan-Iraq. The generals Abdullah Al-Salal and Abdul Munim Riad are put in charge of uniting Yemen under the Republic in the North Yemen Civil War. Military defenses are built up around the Mediterranean, particularly near Tripolitania, Sinai, and the Golan Heights. Nasser does not recognize Israel, and supports the PLO as the true government over Palestine. Nationalist propoganda are spread to Libya, Sudan, Yemen, Palestine, and Algeria, where nationalist tendancies already lie. Nasser also asks the United States for help with improving technology and science, including a student exchange program between the University of Cairo and the US.
 * United States Reponse ("Apple Pie and Strategic Air Command."): On the basis of increasing ties between the UAR and the Soviet Union, along with hostile actions directed at the nation of Israel, the US must politely refuse this request at this time. The United States cannot condone the threat posed by Arab aggression towards our current commitments with the Israelis and the disorder they are currently bringing into the wider Middle East. We request the United Arab Republic seek to more peacefully bring about Arab unity, and further sign some form of agreement that recognizes the right of Israel to exist as well as seek a more peaceful dialogue between the nations.
 * USSR dip:The USSR agrees to supply the UAR with a large amount of military hardware and also suggests helping the Syrians fortify the Golan Heights.
 * Cuba: We continue working with the USSR. We utilize our industries to the greatest extent, human development rises heavily, and we are heading in the right path. **Secret, we send in advisors to help communist insurgents, we also do the same in venezuela. Also, we are planning for a massive intervention in the Congo.
 * South Africa: We find ourselves as the most powerful country and economy on the continent of Africa. We continue our Apartheid regime despite protests from both sphere's. However despite these protests, President Swart declares our stance is with the United States. We crush several more African Rights protests. Finally however, the ANC was caught sabotaging power lines and railroad tracks leading to many deaths and inconveniences. We outlaw both the African National Congress, and the South African Communist Party. With these bans Nelson Mandela, Bram Fisher, Joe Slovo, and many more are rounded up and sentenced to life in prison on Robben Island outside of Cape Town. We however see Rhodesia as our last ally in Africa with Portugal. We would like to purchase the blueprints and rights to the M-60 Patton and we wish to buy 15,000 M16A1s and 120,000 M14 rifles and the rights and bluepirnts to them. We would also like to buy the rights and blueprints to the Huey helicopter from the United States. (Mod response): We would like to begin infrastructure building in Rhodesia and a arms sail to the Rhodesian Security Forces.
 * United States Response**:The United States wishes to former closer ties with South Africa, and so accents to the request for production rights in addition to shipping small arms over the course of the next year to allow the SADF to become better armed. We do, however, request basing rights for the US Navy as well as the opening of a joint-training base in Namibia in order to grow the cooperation between our two services and share tactics in order to face the Communist threat.
 * South Africa: We agree to the US basing naval forces in Cape Town, Walvis Bay, and Durban.
 * Mod response: Though Rhodesia is not independent as of yet (we are doing half- year turns and it happened in November 1965) it is responsible government and so it agrees to purchasing arms and constructing infrastructure.
 * Spain: In a spur to maintain control of our colonies, we instead decide to stop of decolonization efforts but instead we decide to begin to start our repoblación of our colonies. As we are a nationalistic society, we are able to state sponsor Spaniards to colonize our African colonies. In Spanish Morocco, we send 1500 Spaniards to Layonne which brings the total to 10500 within the city and we send 750 to Dakhla bringing the total in the city to around 3000. We also send 750 people to Cape Bojador bringing the total Spaniards in the city to 1750 while we send 500 Spaniards to El Aargurb, La Guerre and Guerguerat bringing Spaniards to be the majority within these towns where Spaniards now total 70% of these towns. In Equatorial Guinea, we send 1500 colonists to both Baka and Malabo in Equatorial Guinea bringing both Spanish populations to 9,500 each. We send 750 colonists to Luba, Rebola and Cogo. We also send 350 colonists to Palea, Mbini, Machinda, Corisco and Baney. We finally send 200 colonists to Bitica, Rio Campo and Riaba.The majority of our colonists are impoverished, working class families by promising them better lives at our colonies. We also implemented ahistorical military reforms and build infrastructure in the mainland.
 * Libya: The Kingdom works on pushing down any type of revolt agianst the king but yet protest are held. The rise of UAR gives Batthis hope of joing but yet Imams work on mixing with the protesters giving the idea of Arab Islamic Unity.
 * India: As military skirmishes continue in India and West Pakistan, we begin to ask for the government of Pakistan for a peaceful solution to the conflict., the government of India begins to expand its economy and infrastructure, while also deciding to better trade relations with the USSR. As a result, India decides to open for full cooperation with Brezhnev's government on economic matters, while relying on the States for more political matters. Meanwhile, after hearing news of Mandela's arrest Prime Minister Shastri decides to condemn South Africa and its "infrigement of political freedoms and economic freedoms of the people".  While all this occurs, the Institute of Fundamental Research continues the R&D into the creation of nuclear weapons in order to deter foreign aggression.
 * United States of America ("Coming Again to Save the Day."): 1965 opens a new era in America, and the struggle for Civil Rights continues to inflame passions throughout the nation while the situation in Vietnam begins to intensify. With both the domestic and foreign fronts facing increasing dislocation, the United States is increasingly realizing the transformative nature of the coming era and the immense challenges it will face, with that in mind, President Johnson will be forced to operate.In Vietnam, at the recommendations of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) and Pentagon officials, the President accepts the request for an additional 200,000 ground troops to be deployed over the course of the year to Vietnam. By the close of said year, it is expected that the increased force numbers on site will reach 750,000. In particular, increased attention is placed on the Mekong Delta region as well as Saigon, as an expansion of the prior Strategic Hamlet Initiative into defending a set region with large on site formations of American troops. With the increased force numbers required as well as maintain global force numbers, President Johnson is forced to expand the draft. An additional two million men between the ages of 18-24 are to be inducted into the service in a plan over the next two years. On the homefront, a near violent confrontation at Selma, Alabama is prevented by last minute intervention by several Federal and state officials using negotiation tactics. Along the situation remains a powderkeg, it remains largely bloodless for now and in that vein the Voting Rights Act of 1965 is passed. However, due to Southern obstructions, the enforcement mechanisms are largely toothless. Elsewhere, President Johnson expands his political capital on establishing Universal Health Care (UHC) by expanding the new Medicare plan to all Americans, which is to be funded a slightly increased payroll tax. However, this absorbs so much of the President’s focus that plans to pass the Immigration Reform Act of 1965 are dropped. Finally, further research and expansion into existing Anti-Ballistic Missile technology and systems is increased.
 * USSR dip: We would like the US to cease trade relations with the government of India until such time as they cease their war of aggression.
 * South Korea: President Park Chung-hee continues the policies of the first-five year plan, but asks the National Economic Board to formulate a second five-year plan, this time oriented to establishing Korean heavy industries (particularly the steel industry) and firms. Railway is built and roads are paved, light industrial facilities and oil refineries to process imported oil are built. The birth control policy is affirmed, citing that overpopulation plus lack of local resources will impede national progress. Envoys are sent to Japan to normalize relations, in exchange for economic aid. ( MOD RESPONSE )
 * Japan mod response: Japan normalises relations with South Korea in a new treaty and also provides $800 million in the form of economic cooperation.
 * Ethiopia: Emperor Haile Selassie, seeing the growing tensions between the UAR and Israel, asks for the madness to stop and think of peace. We ask the US for aid in growing our country's economy. The Organization for African Unity is further strengthened.
 * Kuwait: Kuwait co to prosper as a procterate under the british empire with oil drilling being very productive and helping with development. In other news fearful of the aggressive UAR movement we ask for closer ties with the USA.
 * Kuwait gained independence from the British in 1961. -General
 * Iran: White Revolution continues and followed by economic reforms Shah holds political reforms. These reforms should relieve the social tension which appears in the society as a result of urbanization. The elections to the Majlis showed victory of National Front Mohammad Mosaddegh wasnt approved by Shahinshah, Shapour Bakhtiar becomes Premier Minister of Iran. He aims at the transformation of Iran into a developed constitutional monarchy which political system will be modeled on the UK.
 * Brazil: Following the coup that in the previous year, President Castelo Branco continues to suppress political opposition particularly on the left, through the passage of anti-communist and censorship legislations. However many within the military and in the public sphere on the right look upon his monopolization of power with disdain as his actions could potentially lead to the return of power in the left. Efforts to industrialize continue as carried on from the populist era of the 40s and 50s. Branco's supporters continue to round up and kill members of the left in extraditial arrests.

1965.5
''' In Vietnam, the surge of US troops has a series of effects. The Viet Cong and NVA are driven from areas such as the Mekong Delta and the Saigon region, and as the US are not yet routed, they continue to operate in areas without US troops. Meanwhile, the Strategic Hamlet Program is a partial success. It is still unpopular with people who feel it is corrupt and forced upon them. However, due to the large numbers of US troops protecting it, the Viet Cong find it hard to penetrate the system. '''

''' With the massive and dramatic increase in drafts, a large increase in draft card burning and draft dodging is shown, along with a sudden rise in the number of protests. One protest of up to 40,000 people occurs in Washington, as well as a sit in at a draft board and a few acts of self-immolation. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 fails to be taken seriously by many southern legislators, and the civil rights movement responds with a large scale march through Mississippi due to blacks being refused the right to vote in local elections. The march from Vicksburg to Jackson ends in violence with police blocking their path and a fight breaking out with police, resulting in the death of a man. '''

''' As Franco's Spain attempts to tighten it's grip over their colonies, mass rebellion breaks out in Spanish Guinea and Spanish Sahara by the native population who feel their autonomy and way of life is being taken, and they are being removed as a group. The Moroccan government supplies the rebels in Spanish Sahara with weapons, covertly making their rebellion more troublesome, while across the world Spain is condemned. '''

''' In line with early skirmishing between the two sides, Pakistani troops masquerading as Kashmir locals cross the Line of Control. Informed by other locals, India is fully aware of Pakistan's attempted power play. '''

''' Tensions between Israel and the UAR contuine to rise as Israel is almost surrounded by them and the PLO contuine to launch attacks. Israel builds up it's troop numbers and launches cross border raids against the PLO. '''

''' Edward Heath becomes Leader of the Conservative Party of the UK. '''

''' Maldives receives its independence from the United Kingdom. '''

''' In a 126-0 vote by the Malaysian Parliament, Singapore is expelled from Malaysia and declared a sovereign republic. '''

''' Rhodesia declares independence from the United Kingdom but retains Elizabeth II as its monarch. The UK refuses to recognize Rhodesia's independence. '''


 * South Africa: We start to produce the M60 Patton as the MK.I Olifant (instead of it being a centurion). We also start manufacturing M16 rifles as the Vektor R1 and the M14 as the R2. We also see that if we are the most powerful nation in Africa, that we should have more than just a army and economy. (Secret) We begin to work with the United States to construct a weapon for us Codenamed Shaka Zulu. This will be a first South African nuclear weapons test which we hope to detonate in 1970. We also deliver top quality assault rifles to our farmers in our country and Rhodesia. South Africa recognizes Rhodesian Independence. South African investors such as the Vektor arms corporation and mining businesses flood into Rhodesia. Real estate developers set up in Salisbury and Bulawayo to build up the cities. South Africa offers any US citizens unwilling to accept Civil Rights to move to South Africa. We promise land and self-protection fire arms to any who seek to come. Some radical Afrikaner politicians ever propose the offer of shipping KKK members to South Africa. We also start to experience several incidents that cause fear in the white population. Several terrorist attack on railroad tracks, power lines, and police stations have been attributed to ANC extremists associated with Umkhonto we Sizewe, the radical splinter group. We start a crackdown on this organization sending in soldiers into black majority area's. We also begin to back Portugal in its colonial war in its colony. (Mod Response): We would like to send 20,000 soldiers into both Angola and Mozambique to support our friend Portugal. With this we also start to see the possibility of a insurrection in Southwest Africa. Many seek to maintain the rule of White Power in Africa and settle the vast land. Our ambassador to the UN John Dugard assures to the council and the anti-apartheid East, that when South Africa was formed many Africans were still using sticks and stones in grass huts. Now they have automobiles and are part of a civilization. We would like to propose to the Americans the SARUS (South Africa-Rhodesia-United States) Pact that would encourage development, military cooperation, and scientific development between the United States, South Africa, and Rhodesia.
 * Portugal mod response: The Portuguese government welcome the South African support.
 * United States of America ("My President is Johnson, and my Ford is Blue."): Upon condition of Rhodesia agreeing to such a defensive measure, we formally agree to a defensive pact in order to maintain the viability of South Africa as a regional check on Communism. With regards to the economic development and scientific development, we seek to inquire as to what specifics South Africa wishes. Also, previously South Africa agreed to allow the construction of US military bases on her territory. Generously, you offered to allow us three bases, but we request only two: A joint base at Sodwana Bay, where we can also station US Army and Marine Corps personnel so that our two armies may conduct training together as well as to support South Africa's defense of the Portugese colonies, and a base at Saldanha Bay, from which the US Navy can project control into the South Atlantic, Cape of Good Hope, and the sea lanes to the South Pole.
 * South Africa: We shall give you the bases. And to specify the SARUS Plan was for military cooperation in Africa and the world, scientific development in medicine and rocketry, and the trade in products between our three countries.
 * Saudi Arabia: king Fasil OTL begins to modernize the nation, with banning Slavery and working on improving cities and allowing Women into the school system. The new Whabbi Imama Hassan Ali Talib is known as the moving Imam as he is known for moving and giving out speeches across Arabia.Along with opening relationship with the UAR. The Whabbi ideas are spread across Arabia, along with exporting it to Libya with the idea of a Arab Islamic Unity. We send Kuwait a peaceful deal and the idea of a joint war game. We send the US the idea of Oil trading as we become a Oil powerhouse. Anti batthist ideas are spread across Saudi Arabia giving the idea of Whabbi and the idea of Arab Islamic Unity these ideas are sent to the UAE and Yemeni tribes loyal to the king. We send arms to Anti Republic factions in N.Yemen and sending Saudi adviors under the cover of forgin fighters, Money is sent to Whabbi faction in S.Yemen and the Muslim Brotherhood In Egypt and Syria
 * United States of America ("Real Bosses Don't Talk, We Just Set Back and Listen"): Given the increased aggression in the region, we propose a series of arms shipments as well as a defensive pact to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The US has no desire to see Soviet backed elements gain control of the strategic and religiously important territories of the great House of Saud, and will do everything within its power to protect such.
 * Saudi Dip: we accept the deal
 * GDR: We better our roads and railways we also send 10 000 000 dollars and 1 000 millitary adivsors to North-Vietnam we also replace the statue on the brandenburg gate and set in place of it a wooden statue off off Ernst Thällman we also give our people more sugar and fruit because off the fruit deal with cuba we also change army uniforms by making all uniforms in dark green but we keep the helmets,boots,belts and insignes We also ask UAR if we can set up a Trabant factory and that we get for the trabant factory some oil
 * United States of America ("All we do is win."): The United States of America has, under the administrations of the last two Presidents, come to adopt a policy of rollback of Communism. Given the ongoing nature of the Cold War conflict in Europe, we have refrained from any attempts to enforce the doctrine there. Given this, we request the Democratic Republic of Germany refrain some such actions in Southeast Asia, on the basis of maintaining stable relations between the two power blocs. Mr Thallman, don't make us tear down that wall of yours.
 * GDR:If you didn't know thällman isn't our leader its a hero in east and west germany because he fought against the nazi's but he was killed and we also won't stop our actions in asia
 * True Korea: We request to join the Warsaw pact.
 * United Arab Republic:  The military greatly improves its tactical advantage with supply from the Soveit Union. The socialist policies to imrpove society and reduce poverty continue to be implemented in the nation. The Baathist parties of Syria and Iraq are fully integrated into the Arab Socialist Union party. The military continue to fight in North Yemen to unite the nation under the UAR. The navy is greatly improved, with the united navies of Syria, Lebanon, and Egypt in the Mediterranean Sea. Nationalist proganda, inspiring the glory of Arabic people, is spread to Libya, Sudan, and Yemen.  Nasser remains on good realtions with the Saudi Government, but does not openly support Wahhabism. Nasser seeks to gain political support from Iran and Turkey, as united under the circle of Islam.  A trabant factory is made in Egypt, and the federal government uses the Trabant as official transportation. Nonetheless, the state remains secular and Nasser pushes for referendum on freedom of religion.  Sensing aggression from the west, Nasser asks the Soviet Union to station Russian nuclear bases in the Middle East to protect major cities from possible capitalist attack.  Military continues to be built up on the three borders with Israel.


 * United States of America ("If you ain't talking Freedom, we ain't wanna talk"): The policy of the United States is to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons in areas that hold a great strategic importance to not only our nation, but the world at large. Given this, we heavily condemn this action on the part of the United Arab Republic, and beg President Nasser to refrain from such provocations by withdrawing this request. Otherwise, we will be forced to enact appropriate countermeasures with regional allies.
 * USSR: We regret we are unable to deploy nuclear bases to the Middle East although the USSR does advise that as a result of UAR moving military to the border with Israel a preemptive strike is imminent according to intelligence from Israel and so if the UAR should wish, several squadrons of MiG-21's and Su-17's can be moved to Damascuss in under 24 hours and piloted and maintained by Soviet personnel.
 * Iran: We suggest UAR to sign treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Demarcation and so finish border disputes and estabilish friendship between our nations.
 * UAR Dip: we will sign the treaty
 * Saudi: We ask Iran to remeberour Peace Deal https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_relations#1920s.E2.80.931970s:_during_Pahlavi_Dynasty
 * Iran: Shah accepts Saudi's Deal and looks forward to friendly cooperating between Iran and Saudi Arabia
 * The UAR pulls its troops back from the Israeli border in light of military intelligence
 * Spain: We continue with our program of repoblación in our colonies. As we are a nationalistic society, we are able to state sponsor Spaniards to colonize our African colonies. In Spanish Morocco, in Layonne 12000 Spaniards within the city and in Dakhla Spaniards total around 3500. Cape Bojador now has 2250 Spaniards while we send 50 Spaniards to El Aargurb, La Guerre and Guerguerat where Spaniards now total 73% of these towns. In Equatorial Guinea, Baka and Malabo in Equatorial Guinea now each has a total Spanish population of 11,500. For each colony there are 1500 colonists in Luba, Rebola and Cogo. We also have 600 colonists per colony in Palea, Mbini, Machinda, Corisco and Baney. We finally send 400 colonists per colony in Bitica, Rio Campo and Riaba. We finally begin new colonies by sending 300 colonists to Tica, Yengue, Mbonda, Utonde, Balondo, Bibaco, Etembue, Punta Yeke, Akalayong and Nsogoboi. This will mark the end of our push to colonize as the ready men/families pool has been exhausted although private immigration to the colonies continues to increase. We send around 1,000 troops per major colony in Western Sahara. We send 500 soldiers per colony in Equatorial Guinea. Seeing that colonization is facing native insurrection, we decide to implement a divide and conquer policy. We offer support to the tribes of Delim who are traditionally warriors and loyal to the Spaniards. We offer them positions in our government for them to join our army and their support in our war against guerilla warfare or the other tribes.(Mod Response Needed) Then we release a dominion called the Tekna Confederation which is comprised of Ifni and the lands north of Laayoune and we place their capital in Ifni. We use them to threaten Morocco as they have a valid reason to liberate their territories in Morocco. In the interior of Bioko to quell dissent and rebellion, we decide to place a Bubi king to control this part of the island to reduce dissent. We continue to build infrastructure in the mainland and build fortifications around our colonies to protect them..
 * United States Diplomacy ("The Soviets like to argue, so we sent Khrushchev to law school"): Under Franco, Spain has done much to halt the Communist tide in Europe and around the world. Given this, we would like to invite Spain into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to secure its safety, as well as offer developmental funds to repair lingering damage from your tragic civil war.
 * Spainish Diplomacy: We accept the American Offer
 * Mod response: While the Delim join with the government many of the other Saharan tribes see this as an insult and so are pushed more against the Spanish government with the irregular warfare stepping up.
 * Ethiopia: Emperor Haile Selassie, seeing the growing tensions between the UAR and Israel, asks for the madness to stop and think of peace. We ask the US for aid in growing our country's economy. The Organization for African Unity is further strengthened.
 * United States of America ("Lil Nixon and 2Reaganz"): The United States agrees to the pleas of the Eithiopian people, and have designated your nation as a center of USAID and Peace Corps activity in Africa. We will seek to, over the next two years, pump in tens of million in aids in order to increase the standard of living in nation.
 * Indonesia: 30 September, there is coup d'etat by the Communist Party --the coup is not attempted to the President--. Several generals are captured and killed. Luckily, the main target, General A.H. Nasution is survived from the coup. Jakarta is taken by the Communists rebels for three days. However, the Armed Forces, led by Suharto, is success to liberate Jakarta, and the leader of the communist rebels are captured. Since this incident, large-scale killings took place, which targeted the Communists and the Chinese ethnic. Our economy is dropped since this incident. Suharto gains power in Indonesia, and it seems President Sukarno will be resigned in the near future. with
 * USSR: Leonid Brezhnev and his senior advisers make the decision to cancel the Soyuz program outright due to it's costs and it is accepted that the US may reach the Moon first. Meanwhile in the economy as the reforms to the economy giving individuals more control and incentive causing agricultural production to increase small scale industry also continues to benefit. This increase in production shows many Soviet leaders that decentralisation can be useful. With small scale and non- essential industries becoming privatised a cinema is opened in Moscow with very cheap prices and small cast plays. The USSR seeing the surge of US troops into South Vietnam and worried for the integrity of their allies steps us support to North Vietnam in the form of several billion dollars worth equipment with giving the North Vietnam more AA weapons and additional aircraft ,with Soviet crews to man and fire them, to defend their airspace while as the NVA and Viet Cong are put under pressure more arms are supplied to them such as anti- tank weapons and a large amount of food is shipped to North Vietnam allowing them to raise larger armies and prepare for a large scale winter offensive with more troops and arms. Small groups of advisers are sent to sent train NVA and Viet Cong while hundreds of Soviet officers are enrolled at Vietnamese language courses. Other Warsaw Pact nations also actively help with the provision of supplies. Design is started for a MANPAD capable of taking out the latest US helicopters for fighting in South East Asia. Engineers are sent to help work on the Ho Chi Minh trail. The education system continues to be focused on with greater focus on opening new places at higher level education while at school level an increase on specialisation and vocational subjects for many while the more academic students are taught maths and science and the government increases the school day of higher performing children so they now have to learn for 7 hours. 150 Mig- 21's and and 80 Su-17 as well as a number of SAM launchers, several strategic air lifters and ground crews are moved to Soviet Armenia. We offer a $500 million dollar loan in Roubles to Afghanistan with a 0.02% yearly interest rate. (MOD response)
 * Afghanistan accepts. ~Wolvesmod
 * Kingdom of Libya: Huessin Maziq wins the 1965 General Election as a Pro-Government candidate due to tampering of ballot boxes by police officers. In order to deal Arab-Nationalistic tendencies, the government attempts to promote King Idris as an Libyan Nationalist, a hero to the Libyan People. Government programs such as the Five Year Plan are continued, promoting the tourism, petroleum and trade economic sectors (Dubai-Style Westernisation). The Government intervenes in anti-Jewish riots, by announcing the protection of Libyan Jewish communities under Royal Order of King Idris. However the kingdon refuses to recognise Israel or any of its entities rejecting Zionism as a whole. Prime Minister Huessin Maziq  requests a meeting with Gamal Al Nasser  to ease tensions and possibly enter good relations with the state. The Libyan National Petroleum Comapny (LNPC) is founded. Leases to major oil companies are granted with amendement the National Petroluem Act. Petroleum continues to be the biggest export. Prime Minister Maziq proposes a massive infrastructure and industralision deal with the UK, France, USA and Italy, for free acess into Libya's oil material. The Kingdom requests an alliance with Saudi Arabia.

1966.0
''' The Indo-Pakistani war of 1965 ends in a stalemate with India leading, as there is no revolt in the Kashmir, but the siutation remains the same. '''

''' In Vietnam the Viet Cong and NVA launch their winter offensive which fails to remove the Americans from their existing positions. Their Strategic Hamlet Program is still affecting, but the influx of supplies from the USSR and China leads to increased casualties on the American side, which mount after aggressive winter offensives in the Central Highlands, testing outnumbered American forces. '''

''' In America, continued protests over the right to vote and the civil rights movement strains the country more as the government fails to respond. Draft dodging and casualties increases, as well as more protests over US involvement in the war, with the two causes being linked by Martin Luther King Jr.. '''

''' The Australian dollar is introduced at a rate of 2 dollars to 1 British pound. '''

''' France withdraws from NATO. '''

''' Rhodesia start its campaign against the ZANU. '''

''' Revolts in Spain's colonies continue, with troops being forced out of the countryside and into towns where they are forced to hold up. The Tekna confederation enters a brief confrontation with Morroco, which ends with a Moroccan victory and subsequent uprising in the Tekna confederation, which in one week lead to Morocco taking it. '''

''' Guyana gains independence from the United Kingdom. '''


 * GDR:We send 50 000 off our proffesional soldiers under control off the the North vietmese to North Vietnam so that we can defend them from anny capitalist danger we also ask the soviet union if we can buy 200 000 AK 47's We also will now also train our proffesional army that isn't in Vietnam We also nations if they can offer us some uniforms Walter Ulbricht announces that the GDR will defend every communist country in one or annother way We ask for a trade deal between us and the UAR.We cut relations with indonesia for not accepting the communist coup d'etat
 * Mod: No you don't send 50,000 troops.
 * South Africa: We continue to experience terrorist attacks by ANC radicals. We are trying our best to stop the ANC and their cause for black rights. However with the start a Bush War in Rhodesia we can no longer stand by while our allies are thrown to communist wolves. For this we move 10,000 soldiers into Rhodesia to support the Government of Ian Smith. We also continue fighting in Portugal's colonies to prevent any severe Communist takeover. However one minister who speculates on Angola say's for a possible Ceasefire between Porto-South African forces with UNITA and the FNLA in order to strike against the MPLA in return that in the time of independence UNITA/FNLA would gain control over Angola. More liberal politicians in states such as Natal and the northern part of Cape of Good Hope have suggested infrastructure projects to "appease" the black community. In Angola our forces kill 2,000 guerillas in this part of the year. We also secretly continue work on Project: Shaka Zulu. We also kill several hundred ZANU soldiers this part of the year in Rhodesia. (Mod Response) We would like a arms deal with Israel to ship weapons and we also would be willing to send them any Jews in South Africa (since there are some) that wish to immigrate to the Holy land.
 * Israeli mod response: The Israelis concerned about the growing buildup of Arab forces agrees to buy arms from the South Africans and welcomes any Jews who wish to move.
 * South African dip: With a population of 70,000 Jews, it is predicted 1,000 shall move a month.
 * Cuba: The foreign minister is assainated. The blame is put on agents of Rhodesia. In revenge, then nation will not rest until the White-Supremacist crony capitalist government of Rhodesia is overthrown.The nation sends in 20,000 AK47s and 10,000 RPGs to arm ZANU insurgents, and 100 advisors are sent to train them. The recruites are taught how to capture enemy weapons and use them, ambush tactics, how to use the RPG to shoot down helicopters, urban warfare and ambushes. A Cuban-central radio network is set up to expand the ranks of the Zimbabwean freedom fighters. We request that diplomatic relations begin with the UAR. The trabant factory continues producing cars, and the nation has finally found cars to replace that of the Americans.
 * UAR dip: we accept diplomatic relations
 * United Arab Republic: The economy continues to be worked on with socialist programs, as well as massive oil and gas exports to Europe and America. Much work is put into improving the military with Soviet help. Surface-to-Air missile systems are added and trained to the artillery divisions of all states. The airforce is moderately modernized in some parts, but the Soviet planes are mostly stationed in Damascus for aerial maneuvers. The firepower of the regular militaries are all upgraded to Russian equipment, as well as mass-producing the tanks from Jordan based on the British model. The navy continues to be built up in the Mediterranean, but with less budget than the previous year. Troops are pulled back from the border with Israel to a nearby military bases, to avoid escalation of war at this time. Relations with the Saudi government keeps us in a strong position with OPEC. The treaty of demarcation is signed to ensure good relations with the Pahlavi Shah. The military continues to fight the North Yemen Civil War. From radio and movie production in Cairo, more Arab Nationalist propaganda is spread to Libya, Yemen, Palestine, and Sudan. Economic support is sent to the PLO.
 * Yugoslavia: Tito enters the year emphazing Brotherhood and Unity for the nation. The government begins to build better roads the transverse the nation, and also giving jobs to some of the unemployed. The armed forces is integrated more between the cultures of the nation, to get rid of the cultural boundaries. We also work towards getting rid of the outdated equipment by setting up a domestic arms sector. We set up rural schools for the child of farmers who currently have no access to education. We ask the USSR for increased trade between our two nations. 
 * USSR dip: We agree to increase trade relations.
 * Saudi Arabia: king Fasil OTL begins to modernize the nation, with banning Slavery and working on improving cities and allowing Women into the school system. The new Whabbi Imam Hassan Ali Talib is known as the moving Imam as he is known for moving and giving out speeches across Arabia.Along with opening relationship with the UAR. The Whabbi ideas are spread across Arabia, along with exporting it to Libya with the idea of a Arab Islamic Unity. We send Kuwait a request for a alliance. We send the US the idea of Oil trading as we become a Oil powerhouse. Anti-Baathist ideas are spread across Saudi Arabia giving the idea of Whabbi and the idea of Islamic Unity these ideas are sent to the UAE,Oman, and Sudan and Somalia sending 3,000 Imams across Arabia and 5,000 to Sudan,Libya and Yemeni tribes loyal to the king and improve this by opening mosques and working on improving Poor areas . We send arms to Anti-Republic factions in N.Yemen and Jordan,and send 500 Saudi advisors under the cover of foreign fighters, Money is sent to Whabbi faction in S.Yemen and the Muslim Brotherhood In Egypt and Syria. The Saudi Army begin to hold war games in Asir. Imams are sent to Moroccan rebels along with some arms, as Imams work on creating a united rebel faction.We also accept Libya request for a alliance, and ask Libya,Kuwait and Oman (MOD) if they would like join the United Emirates Pact. We also work on creating the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation sending Invites to all bording nations.
 * South Korea: President Park Chung-hee and the National Economic board polishes the second-five year plan (now referred to as the "Heavy-Chemical Industry Drive"), but extend it by two years so that it becomes a seven-year plan. Meanwhile, the constitution is changed so terms are six years along, with the maximum term being three terms. Easy credit is sent to chaebol firms so that chaebol firms dominate the export sector. Railway is built and roads are paved, light industrial facilities and oil refineries to process imported oil are built. Hanja is abolished from official use, but learning it is an optional choice (as part of Korean) in secondary and tertiary education.
 * Indonesia: We continue to stabilize the condition of our nation. We issued the document of ', giving Suharto authority to take whatever measures he "deemed necessary" to restore order to the chaotic situation during the mass killings. After Suharto is given authority, our political position is changed from pro-communism to anti-communism. We ask Malaysia to end the . We also would like to join again the United Nations after withdrawal on New Year's Day, 1965'''. Economy is still dropped, but we try to improve it. We start focusing to build infrastructure outside Java, schools are built in rural area. We also start to build roads in New Guinea. We plan to build a port in Jayapura, largest city in New Guinea.
 * Iran: White revolution in Iran is in full swing. As a result of the reforms in countryside urbanization accelerated. Staff resources were directed to beuilding basic industries. At the same time Shah makes attention to the weak development of the high technology industry. For the purpose of teaching people for these industries Shah assigns grants for training the best students abroad. Iran asks US, UK and USSR for help in development of high technology industries in Iran. 
 * USSR: Intervention in Vietnam fails to help the Viet Cong make a breakthrough as heavy American presence denies them easy targets. Many of the officers who were enrolled in Vietnamese language courses have now completed them and so now the Soviet presence in North Vietnam has reached 500 with aircrews and missile batteries being commanded by them. While engineers help work on the Ho Chi Minh trail allowing a flow of supplies into South Vietnam. More small arms are provided as well as greater numbers of radio's, trucks and motorbikes to allow greater coordination and mobility. More AA missiles are moved to help defend North Vietnam. We continue trying to develop a MANPAD to take out US helicopters which allow powerful mobility. In the economy as agricultural productions and small scale privately owned industry grows but the economy still remains behind and floundering agrees a central meeting of the economic leaders ends up with them agreeing they have to move to a greater consumer base and so the current Five Year plan is ended and the Eight Five year plan is started and in this military spending is cut back reducing the military to a standing force of 1.5 million men with the other personnel and equipment moved to reserve. This reduction in troops means an additional nine hundred thousand men are available to work in factories and many of them are routed to a new significant part of the Five Year Plan which involves increasing the production of consumer goods such as radios, televisions, automobiles and refrigerators. The plan calls for 1.5 million new jobs in consumer goods factories to be completed while for agricultural production to grow by increased mechanisation, moving all farming into private plots and using better agricultural techniques such as chemical fertilisers and more irrigation. Meanwhile in education the process of encouraging maths and science is continued with a growth of university attendance.
 * Iran: We ask USSR for cooperation in development of Iranian Atomic Project in particlural help in constructing atomic power plants and scientific research nuclear reactor in Tehran Nuclear Research Center.
 * USSR: We agree to support Iran in their endavours to create nuclear power plants.
 * Kingdom of Libya: As tensions rise, Prime Minister Huessin Maziq request a meeting with President Nasser of the UAR.  Government projects such as the  Five-year plan continue,  promoting  industralistion and the trading and tourism sectors of the economy (Dubai-Style Westernisation). The Governmemt begins to promote Libya as a Free-trading hub, port-cities such as Tripoli, Benghazi and Tobruk are promote free trade.  The Government continues in its intervention in the anti-Jewish riots, by placing all Jewish communities under the protection of  King Idris. The Libyan National Petroluem company opens its first drill under Government supervision in Zilten. Prime Minister Maziq proposes a massive infrastructure and industralision deal with the UK, France, USA and Italy, for free acess into Libya's oil material.  Petroleum continues to be the largest export. Money produced from this is used to fund growth projects in Tripolitania and Cyrenaica. In order to deal with Arab-Nationalistic tendencies being spread, King Idris is portrayed as a Libyan nationalist, this is mainly potrayed in urban areas of Tripolitania especially in communities in areas we're Arab-nationalism is extremely strong.  The Kingdom accepts Saudi Arabia's call to join the United Arab Emirates and declares its appr of an Organistion of Islamic Coperation
 * UAR Dip: President Nasser would gladly host the Prime Minister in Cairo for a formal meeting
 * Ethiopia: Emperor Haile Selassie, seeing the growing tensions between the UAR and Israel, asks for the madness to stop and think of peace. Our economy is developed with US help. The Organization for African Unity is further strengthened.

1966.5
''' Protests against the Vietnam War increase in both America and without, leading to some of America's allies isolating themselves from America and its internal problems. A race riot occurs in Lansing, Michigan. '''

''' In Vietnam, the US retake most of the Central Highlands with their new troop surge, and much of the countryside is taken back. There is, however, a constant supply of NVA and Viet Cong to replace them, with a steady flow of weapons and people, while the Strategic Hamlet Program suffers from flaw implementation. '''

''' In Spanish colonies, the towns hold out, but the Spanish forces have been driven from the countryside. '''

''' Clashes in the Sea of Galilee between UAR and Israeli troops end after a few hours. '''

''' The Cultural Revolution in China begins. '''

''' The South African border war starts with violence between SWAPO and PLAN. Hendrik Verwoerd is murdered. '''

''' The Aberfan disaster occurs in Wales. '''

''' The Indonesia-Malaysia conflict is ended peacefully. '''

''' Botswana, Barbados, and Lesotho gain independence from the United Kingdom. '''
 * Ethiopia: Emperor Haile Selassie, seeing the growing tensions between the UAR and Israel, asks for the madness to stop and think of peace. Our economy is developed with US help. The Organization for African Unity is further strengthened. We ask Saudi Arabia to support peace in Africa.
 * South Africa: A State of Emergency is declared quickly following the death of Prime Minister Verwoerd. His death is quickly attended by 200,000 people (mostly white). The assailant, Dimitri Tsafendas is quickly captured and sentenced to death by firing squad. With the outbreak of violence in Southwest Africa martial law is heavily enforced along with a curfew. A last stretch of 20,000 soldiers is sent to Namibia to retain control. We quickly begin combating the rebels with 50,000 men (30,000 are SWATF soldiers and SWAPOL police officerscombined ).  (Mod response) We would like it if Portugal could concentrate its forces in combat in both Angola and Namibia. With the outbreak in violence we have also offered many jobs to local Namibian bush fighters for high pay. We also deploy 300 Olifant tanks to Namibia. Many whites are ordered to stay indoors or are simpily shipped back to South Africa Proper. The influx of Cuban arms to Rhodesia and Namibia we place sanctions of Cuba.
 * Saudi Arabia: king Fasil OTL begins to modernize the nation, with banning Slavery and working on improving cities and allowing Women into the school system. The new Whabbi Imam Hassan Ali Talib is known as the moving Imam as he is known for moving and giving out speeches across Arabia.Along with opening relationship with the UAR. The Whabbi ideas are spread across Arabia, along with exporting it to Libya with the idea of a Arab Islamic Unity. We send Kuwait a request for a alliance. We send the US the idea of Oil trading as we become a Oil powerhouse. Anti-Baathist ideas are spread across Saudi Arabia giving the idea of Whabbi and the idea of Islamic Unity these ideas are sent to the UAE,Oman, and Sudan and Somalia sending 3,000 Imams across Arabia and 5,000 to Sudan,Libya and Yemeni tribes loyal to the king and improve the relationship with people by opening mosques and working on improving Poor areas and the slowly work on winning hearts and mind, most of the young followers are sent to collages and university to rival other factions in the university. We send arms to Anti-Republic factions in N.Yemen and Jordan,and send 500 Saudi advisors under the cover of foreign fighters, Money is sent to Whabbi faction in S.Yemen and the Muslim Brotherhood In Egypt and Syria. Imams are sent to Moroccan rebels along with some arms, as Imams work on creating a united rebel faction. Imam Hassan goes to Yemen and Jordan and train with Rebel faction uniting them under a group named "Ikhwan". Libya is allowed into the U.A.E Pact and is sent Saudi aid in case of any uprising. we begin to work on a nuclear program for peaceful use.
 * USSR: We finish development of our new MANPAD but it still in testing phases in the USSR before it can be deployed while we start designing and making the planned MiG-23 and hope for it to be operational in 1970 with tests in 1967. The Su-17 makes it's first flight but is still not ready for mass production while a new design for a long range bomber is started. As there are obvious problems with the T-64 a new design is started to improve upon it. As the forces are now smaller in size tougher requirements are made to become an officer in both tougher mental and physical tests to receive a combat commission. This is hoped to increased the quality of officers and to discourage corruption and make the job more appealing the payment for middle ranking officers which also means their families have more to spend on consumer goods. Support for North Vietnam continues with the provision of weapons and supplies to allow North Vietnam to raise large troop numbers which would otherwise strain them. The number of Soviet officers in North Vietnam increases as they help fight the air war and work on the Ho Chi Minh trail. Work on establishing factories for production of consumers goods is started in accordance with the five year plan. In agriculture more work on improving the existing productivity of farms is made as production of pesticides and chemical fertilisers is stepped up to allow more farmers to have access to them. There is an increase in the number of university students studying maths and science with the government now moving focus to getting people in rural regions better educations by establishing boarding schools for students from the age of 14 to 18 which last 6 months a year but are very intense in working 6 days a week and 8 hour days for 6 months with no break for those students who unable to access high quality education in rural areas. We continue to provide military hardware to the UAR.
 * United Arab Republic: More work is done to improve the artillary divisions with Surface-to-Air missle systems, particularly in the armies of Egypt. The Russian planes are mostly tested and trained in Damascus and other bases in Syria. New tank divisions based on British designs are supplied through Jordan and produced to the other armies in Egypt and Syria. The basic artillary in each of the infantry divisions are armed with latest modern technology from the Russians. Nasser imposes severe reprimands to those involved in the Galilee incident, and courtmarshels the perpetrators. The economy continues to grow, with many natural exports leading the industry, as well as growing tourism. the Republic continues to enter global economics with OPEC, and uses the income to build more modern structures in the major cities. Alliances with Iran and Saudi Arabia are kept, as well as good relations with Libya. Media from television and radio in Cairo continue to push Arab nationalist propeganda to Libya, Yemen, Sudan, and Palestine. The PLO continues to be funded.
 * United States of America ("We have Kanye"): With tangible results starting to come into play, the Johnson Administration is able to make some political pushback against domestic opponents of the Vietnam Conflict. Force totals in Vietnam have now reached 750,000, thanks to the results of expanded conscription totals. Still, with the Viet Cong remaining a viable force, plans are drawn up for Operation Gothic Serpent to be launched after the start of 1967. The plan calls for 100,000 troops to be deployed into Cambodia and Laos to directly assault the Ho Chi Minh trail, in order to disrupt the Viet Cong supply lines. As well, with increasing Warsaw Pact support for the NVA, Operation Huskar is launched and becomes the largest aerial bombing campaign since the Second World War. For the first time in the conflict, North Vietnamese airfields and infrastructure are targeted, while minefields are constructed outside of North Vietnamese ports. This significantly impedes the ability of the NVA to carry out war functions, due to it choking off Sino-Soviet logistical support efforts.
 * Domestically, the 1966 midterms see the Republicans and Conservative Democrats make strong gains, due to a response to Anti-War demonstrators and the unpopularity of the Johnson Presidency. With the Soviets scaling back their own space program, President Johnson and Congressional leaders elect to reduce the future prospects of the Apollo program to just achieving a moon landing and ending plans for further moon missions. This funding is pumped into the UHC system, as well as a new national daycare program that provides federally subsidized childcare for lower and middle income families.


 * As well, with the previously allocated funding, new improvements are being made into the NIKE defense missile system, increasing the abilities of the US to reduce the damage of a Soviet ICBM strike. New federal mandates also come into place requiring major businesses to have onsite Fallout shelters as well as introducing programs to help American citizens construct and maintain their own shelters. Pundits come to regard these moves as the US mirroring the defense programs the Soviets have in place to maintain as much of the population as possible in the event of a nuclear strike. Development on the B-70 bomber is also expedited, in order to maintain the advanced capabilities of the bomber portion of the Nuclear Triad. Research also begins into a new form of Main Battle Tank, to replace the existing M-60 which finds itself increasingly lacking in regards to existing and coming Eastern Bloc models.


 * Kingdom of Libya: Prime Minister Huessin Maziq proposes the formatiom of the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC) in order to separate the production and sale of oil to the tensing political structure of the world. Saudi Arabia and Kuwait are invited into this project.  Following Prime Ministers Maziq's visit to Cairo and meeting of President Nasser, the government welcomes the increase of relations with the UAR. Tripoli University proposes a student-exchange project with the UK and the USA. (MOD RESPONSE). A new Five-Year plan is introduced. Promoting tourism, free trade and the petroleum sectors of the economy in a Dubai-Style Westernisation and implementing Libya as a free-trade hub. Petroluem Continues to to be the largest export, revenue profitted by this goes into Government funding into major cities and Goverment projects. The Government to potray King Idris as a Libyan Nationalist in order to curb Arab-Nationalist tendencies especially in urban areas. King Idris orders the expulsion of all Arab-Nationalist leaders in the country. The protection of Libyan Jewish Communities is continued by King Idris, as tensions continue to rise.The Military ask for training exercises by British and American Generals, Cadet Training programs in military acedmies in the U.K, USA and Italy and a weapons sale in exchange for free access into Libya's Oil Revenue. (MOD RESPONSE). The Libyan National Petroleum Company continues its drilling in Zilten under government supervision and subsidation, contributing to a large proportion of jobs in the nation. Prime Minister Maziq proposes a massive infrastructure and industralision deal with the UK, France, USA and Italy, for free acess into Libya's oil material. (MOD RESPONSE). We propose diplomatic ties with the Soviet Union.
 * United States of America ("Straight Outta the Heartland"): The United States accents to the student exchange proposals (For both civilian and military schools), weapons sales, and investments into infrastructure in ordet to aid the development of the Kingdom. With regards to the proposed training exercises, we also agree and request such training missions be held in 1967 in a joint action by all three nations. Further on this point, the US requests to establish a joint base with Libya inside the nation, where future training missions can occur and Libyan personnel can be trained. With regards to the oil resources of the Kingdom, the US proposes US Oil companies be allowed to enter the nation and help in developing that, and that an agreed to profit sharing occur in that 40% of all proceeds garnered will be pumped back into the nation in order to further enhance development funds.
 * Kingdom of Libya Dip: The Kingdom fully agrees to these terms.
 * USSR dip: We do not wish to establish diplomatic ties with Libya due to it's close ties to capitalist nations.
 * Mod response: Britain agrees to student exchanges.
 * Mod response: The UK, France and Italy all agree to help provide infrastructure and industrialise in exchange for oil.

1967.0
''' In Vietnam the aggressive US actions lead to a resrugence in US power, The Ho Chi Minh trail suffers immensely although communist forces strike out at US forces as they become more involved in Laos and Cambodian Civil War. While the established Soviet built air defences fight the US airforce and there are some shootdowns the US airforce prove the victors and proceed to elimnate a large part of infrastrucutre and effectively North Vietnam is in a near state of siege as air and sea become blocked by the US while the rest of the country is hit. In South Vietnam without the Ho Chin Minh trail their supplies dwindle but their numbers still remain high and their power in the countryside. '''

''' In the US the 1966 Congressional elections leads to Republican gains but serious problems occur after mass refusal of blacks to be allowed to register in the southern states as voters leads to a race riot in Atlanta and Jackson where the National Guard have to be called in to suppress violence. While Dr. King and other civil rights leaders criticise the government for not intervening and protest peacefully. Opposition to the Vietnam war grows as conscription is higher, losses grow and the scale of war and suffering increases while there is no conclusive evidence of victory leads to higher rates of draft dodging. '''

''' In Libya, a violent pogrom breaks out against the tiny 7,000 Jewish population in Libya starts with street clashes between lynchers and soliders assigned to defend them. Many are unhappy with the massive western influences, expulsion of Arab leaders and the level of corruption and belief that oil money is being stolen from them. Rioting to force the King to changes his policies sparked by the urging of Radio Cairo in many of the major Libyan cities is suppressed by troops but this leads to anger by the people who return unhappy with the situation. '''

''' Tensions escalate between the USSR and China. '''

''' The first North Sea gas is obtained. '''

''' Warfare continues in South Africa and its borderlands, where its large military presence is increasingly the only law and order. '''

''' Muhammed Ali refuses to fight. '''

''' Tensions rise dangerously between Israel and the UAR as anti- Israeli sentiment grows to fanatical points in the UAR with many questioning why Nasser has not attacked. '''

''' Arab police in the Federation of South Arabia mutiny, killing a number of British troops. '''

''' Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts and Nevis, and Saint Lucia become associated states of the United Kingdom. '''


 * Spain: We continue with our program of repoblación in our colonies. In Spanish Morocco, in Layonne 15000 Spaniards within the city and in Dakhla Spaniards total around 5000. Cape Bojador now has 3000 Spaniards while El Aargurb, La Guerre and Guerguerat Spaniards total at 85% of these towns. In Equatorial Guinea, Baka and Malabo in Equatorial Guinea now each has a total Spanish population of 14,500. For each colony there are 2500 colonists in Luba, Rebola and Cogo. We also have 700 colonists per colony in Palea, Mbini, Machinda, Corisco and Baney. We send 500 colonists per colony in Bitica, Rio Campo and Riaba. We finally begin new colonies by sending 400 colonists to Tica, Yengue, Mbonda, Utonde, Balondo, Bibaco, Etembue, Punta Yeke, Akalayong and Nsogoboi. As we are confined to the cities on the coastland, we fund the Delim and the Tekna with weapons and armaments to fight the rebels(Mod Response Needed) . As the Delim are on our side their subsidiary tribe of Tirarin will follow. We frame this war as a ploy by the Reguibats to seize power. We promise Mauritania the interior of Western Sahara if they help us.(Mod Response Needed)  We continue to build infrastructure in the mainland and build fortifications around our colonies to protect them.
 * Mauritania declines to help.
 * Kuwait: With USA basing in the country the integrity of it's independence is assured. The idea of a confedration for cooperation with Saudi Arabia is accepted and joins the United Arab Emirates. Keeping most of it's soverignity it begins build-up in it's infrastructure, oil business and such. Liberalization programs begin with granting woman the right to education, and banning of slavery.
 * Saudi Arabia: king Fasil OTL begins to modernize the nation, with banning Slavery and working on improving cities and allowing Women into the school system. The new Whabbi Imam Hassan Ali Talib is known as the moving Imam as he is known for moving and giving out speeches across Arabia.Along with opening relationship with the UAR. The Whabbi ideas are spread across Arabia, along with exporting it to Libya with the idea of a Arab Islamic Unity. We send the US the idea of Oil trading as we become a Oil powerhouse. Anti-Baathist ideas are spread across Saudi Arabia giving the idea of Whabbi and the idea of Islamic Unity these ideas are sent to the UAE,Oman, and Sudan and Somalia by sending 3,000 Imams across Arabia and 5,000 to Sudan,Libya and Yemeni tribes loyal to the king and improve the relationship with people by opening mosques and working on improving Poor areas and the slowly work on winning hearts and mind, most of the young followers are sent to collages and university to rival other factions in the university. We send arms to Anti-Republic factions in N.Yemen and Jordan,and send 500 Saudi advisors under the cover of foreign fighters, Money is sent to Whabbi faction in S.Yemen and the Muslim Brotherhood In Egypt and Syria, these group are asked to protest for war with Israel in the UAR. Imams are sent to Moroccan rebels along with some arms, as Imams work on creating a united rebel faction. Imam Hassan goes to Yemen and Jordan and train with Rebel faction uniting them under a group named "Ikhwan". We begin to work on a nuclear program for peaceful use looking for the means of making Urimunim or Platoium looking into the black market. Islamist Leaders in Libya ride the wave of revolt in Libya taking in place of the now gone Arab leaders seats holding Anti-Israeli/Western Protest demanding any hostile action to Israel and the rise of green flags in supported areas, while a group of 2,000 Ikhwan go to angry areas of major cities giving out food,money, and spreading Whabbi ideas aiming for young men and military officers as they tell people to learn about there deen (religion) before going into war. the group Ikhwan is sent to Libya and Sudan to bomb Raido sations promoting Arab ideas. The Saudi begin to work on a missile program testing our missile ideas. The Saudis send 5,000 riot troops to Libya in case anything happen. Protest is held in Riyadh chanting Anti-Israeli songs as the Kingdom begin to amass troops by Jordan and as Jets begin to train in the Northern border by doing bombing run, we don't pass into UAR lines (This is a War Game). Radio Al Hawk is made and is spread into the Arab World spreading Whabbi ideas. We ask the US and the USSR for arms that we will buy. The Grand Mosuqe is worked on with the oil money to expand the Grand Mosque, We send Oman and the Protectorate and Fedration of South Arabia to join the U.A.E Pact (MOD RESPONCE)
 * Mod: Oman and South Arabia decline.
 * South Africa: We form the Nasionale Polisie vir Wit Veiigheid (National Police for White Safety), this police will help. A law passes for forced conscription into the Army. The war in Namibia drags on. We continue to experience sabotage attacks. However in a "meeting" for a possible end of Apartheid with top black leaders. However we had convinced them that we were serious. When we started talking and after a few minutes, the NPWV showed up and assassinated them. Our troops in Rhodesia and the Portuguese colonies continue to experience success in the field but the constant retaking of villages over and over again in 5 regions is taking a toll on our boys morale. A propaganda campaign begins to raise new recruits and bring up the morale of the soldiers. (Mod Response): We ask for any veterans of British veterans of Malaya to come and advise our tactics in the Bush Wars. (Secret) We also start to push through the Strategic Hamlet program and begin to relocate population to armed camps which will be supplied with government food in order to starve out the rebels, this tactic will be employed in the Portuguese Colonies, Rhodesia, and Nambia. 
 * UK dip: Veternas of Malaya are sent to advise the South Africans.
 * Cuba: A propaganda campaign in spread by Free Zimbabthat the Europeans might try a genocide. 100 more advisors are sent to Rhodesia, and we train the insurgents how to use anti aircraft weapons, effectively rendering SA air raids useless. The number of insurgents are recruited to 40,000, due to the propaganda campaign. Key cities a
 * Kingdom of Libya: A state of emergency is immediately declared by the government. Under immense pressure of the aggravated public, Prime Minister Huessin Maziq resigns and is replaced by Abdul Hamid Al Bakoush. Following the pogrom King Idris urges the jewish community to temporarily leave the country. All Radio Cairo stations broadcasting in the nation are shut down and links completely severed. The Government issues a crackdown on the leaders of the riots. However to appease the disgruntled population, an amendendent is implaced on the Libyan Petroluem Law, which increases he shares the public gets in the amount of revenue created and places more of the profit into government spending on education and healthcare. Despite many calls to abdicate, King Idris refuse to but in turn transfers more power into parliamentary control. The Libyan National Petroluemn Company is ordered to stop drilling in Zilten on a five month hiatus. The Five Year plan is continued. Promoting tourism, free trade, luxury and petroluemn sectors of the economy in a Dubai Style Westernisation. The Massive Infastructure and Industralistion project proposed begins, funded by the U.K, France and Italy. We offer an alliance request to the USA and the U.K
 * Saudi Dip: We send the King a request to st up schools to help calm down the pop and to keep the Battist ideas out of Libya


 * Yugoslavia: Veterans of the Partisan war of World War two are send to South Africa and North Vietnam to help the guerrilla forces there. Tito pushes the government to make a singular race on the next census which would be 'Yugoslav' in order to unify the nation more. More roads are built around the nation especially in rural and mountainous areas. We ask the USSR if we may domestically produce the T-64, Mig-19, and AKM.
 * USSR: We not wish to give out the latest in Soviet technology but we are willing to sell all this equipment at good prices.
 * Ethiopia: Emperor Haile Selassie, seeing the growing tensions between the UAR and Israel, asks for the madness to stop and think of peace. Our economy is developed with US help. The Organization for African Unity is further strengthened. We ask Saudi Arabia to support peace in Africa.
 * USSR: We finish development of our new MANPAD but it still in testing phases in the USSR before it can be deployed while we start designing and making the planned MiG-23 and hope for it to be operational in 1970 with tests in 1967. The Su-17 makes it's first flight but is still not ready for mass production while a new design for a long range bomber is started. As there are obvious problems with the T-64 a new design is started to improve upon it. As the forces are now smaller in size tougher requirements are made to become an officer in both tougher mental and physical tests to receive a combat commission. This is hoped to increased the quality of officers and to discourage corruption and make the job more appealing the payment for middle ranking officers which also means their families have more to spend on consumer goods. Support for North Vietnam decreases as tensions raise with China and air and sea become difficult to access North Vietnam and so passage is restricted small amounts of overland supplies. As North Vietnam becomes difficult to operate in, in the pursuit of advancing communism weapons and a few dozen advisors are sent to groups fighting the South Africans and the Spanish in Africa. With the USSR attempting to be a leader in decolonisation and freedom. Billions of dollars worth of weapons are shipped into Africa mainly in the form of small arms where they are smuggled into the country for a variety of methods such as by sea or through neutral/ supporting countries such as Tanzania and Morocco. In an attempt to allow an increase in the amount of supplies being moved the USSR creates a series of front companies to ship items to Africa with many of these shipments containing weapons and advisers and the secret cargo being offloaded at neutral nations and then being smuggled in. Tanzania, Afghanistan and Morocco are all offered $250 million in loans (MOD response). Work on establishing factories for production of consumers goods is started in accordance with the five year plan. In agriculture more work on improving the existing productivity of farms is made as production of pesticides and chemical fertilisers is stepped up to allow more farmers to have access to them. There is an increase in the number of university students studying maths and science with the government now moving focus to getting people in rural regions better educations by establishing boarding schools for students from the age of 14 to 18 which last 6 months a year but are very intense in working 6 days a week and 8 hour days for 6 months with no break for those students who unable to access high quality education in rural areas. We continue to provide military hardware to the UAR. As the US ramps up it's nuclear program we start designing a new class of ballistic missile submarines.
 * United Arab Republic:  Political and economic influence of the UAR continues to grow internationally. Peaceful agreements are kept with the governments of Saudi Arabia, Iran, Libya, and Sudan. Growing media eminating from Cairo continues to spread nationalist propoganda to these places as well. Raw resources of oil and gas are exported abroad to Western Europe and the Americas. Massive exercises take place to prepare military hardware in Egypt, Syria, and Jordan, implementing the hardware newly-added to the army and airforce and training soldiers in their operation.  SECRET: A surprise attack is being prepared against Israel for October 14 using these exercises as a cover. No one outside of the miltiary high command is made aware of this.  The navy is also prepared, mainly in the Red Sea. Nasser creates a ministry of education to reform the school system and exchange students with universities in Europe.


 * South Korea: The National Economic board and President Park Chung-hee pushes the "Heavy-Chemical Industry Drive", the second-seven year economic plan. The plan prioritizes several key heavy industries, as Korea moves away from textiles and apparel; steel, petrochemicals, automobiles, machine tools, shipbuilding, and electronics. Two steel plants undergo construction, one in Pohang, and another in Seoul. These steel plants are to be finished in two years. Meanwhile, a shipbuilding factory is constructed in Busan, though with steel being imported from Japan. Oil refineries are built in Ulsan to process imported oils. Protectionist measures are tightened, to further cement the control of chaebol over the economy. These conglomerates also receive interest-free credit and loans, to facilitate growth. As a result of the constitutional change that changed term length to six years, a few minor student revolts occur, but these revolts are crushed with dissidents being slammed as communists. National railway is nationalized, and railway connecting South Korean major cities are built, along with other communications.

1967.5
''' The Arab offensive starts off well with the Arabs taking the Israelis more or less by surprise although due to the large excercises the Israelis were more ready and a 3 pronged attack stretches Israel's forces as the attack is on Yom Kippur mobilisation takes longer. An early airstrike fails to defeat the Israeli air force but this establishes that both sides can fight in the air. '''

''' In the Sinai and Gaza Strip the Egyptian forces fail to break through while Syrian and Iraqi forces drive Israeli forces back and start bombarding Northern Israel while in the West Bank and Jordan border, Jordan's forces strike to link up with Gaza while they start bombarding the Israeli coastal cities. Israel respons rapidly seeing the Jordan's attempt to cut their forces as the largest threat and so halts Jordan's push to the med and drives into the West Bank to keep the shelling away but as Syrian and Egyptian offensives heighten they are forced to split their forces and the advance into the West Bank slows down although by November it is in their hands. '''

''' Israel has trouble maintaining itself at this point due to it's high amount of called up reserves and a Arab swing through Lebanon and the Israeli forces have to fall back to maintain a line while the difficulty of holding the whole of the Negev desert leads Israel to retreat out of it as well. Contuined Arab offensives are stonewalled due to the shortened line and Israeli air force begining to win. Israel is now in a box with the coast to it's west and the dead sea, sea of Galilee and the Jordan river to it's east while Arab forces hold the Negev desert and northern Israel. Israel requests US help while the other Arab states such as Saudi Arabia and Libya have their people wanting war. '''

''' In Vietnam, American forces continue to make progress as they block the Ho Chi Minh trail to some extent and halt most Warsaw Pact supplies entering although China still continues to support. While the flow of weapons and the response of the Americans is good the amount of people joining the Viet Cong and NVA continues to increase. '''

''' In America itself another race riot in Baltimore this time occurs showing the level of anger amongst blacks and the civil rights movement strengthens. As casualties continue to remain high and conscription is unpopular, there is growing opposition to the Vietnam war with more draft dodging and protests. '''

''' In the Spanish colonies there continues to be violence although to some degree it calms down but fighting between collaborators with the Spanish regieme and resistance remains high with many being against the Delim for their decisions while the Tekna confederation is invaded by Morocco. '''

''' The battle of the crater occurs in South Yemen and increased violence leads to a British withdrawl and South Yemen becoming indepdent. '''

''' In Southern Africa the guerrillas have support of the USSR and Cuba which helps their struggle and seeing a lot of the people taken into camps which become like ghettos very quickly leading to violence within them although in the countryside the removal of people allows easier operations but against a better equipped force. '''

''' Che Guerra is captured and executed. '''

''' There is a truce in the DRC conflict. '''
 * United Arab Republic: A full-scale invasion of Israel commences on every front. In Cairo, the Ministry of State draws up a pretense for the invasion, based on the grievences of Israel's actions against the Arabs of Palestine, and their imperalist colonization of the Palestinian region. In the north, the unexpected sweeping victories of the 7th, 9th and 5th Syrian divisions puts them ahead of schedule, and the regional command in Damascus changes strategy to fortify their position of northern Israel as the 1st and 3rd Syrian divisions reinforces them. The airplanes and Russian medium-range artillary are sent to bombard fortifications in preparation of taking Haifa. In Gaza, Surface-to-Air missle systems are deployed heavily to take out the Israeli planes at low altitude, to prevent them from attaining air superiority. As soon as the sky is cleared with artillary, the 2nd and 3rd Egyptian armies to swing west up Beersheba and begin storming Israeli fortifications using the Sa'iqa (lighting) troops to lead. The main targets of thes bombardments are the fortifications protecting the path from the West Bank to Tel Aviv. At the same time, the Jordanian army of mainly tank and infantry divisions expand in a fan maneuver to cut off Tel Aviv. The Mediterranean fleets mostly pull back to defend the coast in case of Israeli counter-attack, while the Red Sea navy pushes in to capture Aqaba to further drain Israeli defenses. Economy improves.
 * United States of America ("Back to back World War Champs"): The United States is aghast at the treachery of this unprovoked Arab assault upon the democratic state of Israel. Given this, the United States hereby demands the immediate withdrawal of Arab forces from Israel soil otherwise the United States will be forced to consider an appropriate force response in order to contain this Arab aggression the likes of which the world has not seen since the 1940s. To this end, the US Navy will be deploying two Carrier Battle Groups into the Eastern Mediterranean, as well as readying the 101st and 82nd Airborne for combat deployment in support of the Israeli Defense Force. In the meantime, we begin immediate shipments of critical war supplies into Israel to support the IDF, as well as providing intelligence intercepts.
 * United Arab Republic: The Ministry of State reports that the Republic will not agree to ceasefire until the military objectives are achieved. Moreover, we repremand any threat on our sovereign territory as an act of imperialism against the lives of the liberated Arab people.
 * United Arab Republic (to the USSR): The Arab ambassador in Moscow secretly asks the Premier to delay proposed resolutions by the US in the United Nations until the miltary objectives are achieved.
 * OOC: You control Aqaba and Ber' Sheva.
 * USSR: We veto any motions relating to the conflict in the security council while we ready our own units to support the UAR if US forces intervene stating this is an internal conflict. We suggest neutral discussions be conducted to establish a peace at the Zurich conference (Rise of the Arabs)
 * South Africa: Violence in the camps is stopped with the training of trusted blacks as guards. Curfews are announced in area's as Rhodesia and Mozambique. (Secret mod response) We wish for the non-communist rebel groups of UNITA and the FNLA to come forward with the SAPR Coalition and fight with us. Our reasoning will be granting a UNITA/FNLA government once Angola gains total independence. Springbok Radio sets up in different regions to provide our soldiers with entertainment. A mixture of Afrikaner Folk with Anglo Rock is played provided the men with entertainment. We also suspect that rebel training camps are being made outside the war torn area's. We begin cross border raids into Tanganyika and Zambia (I didn't mention Malawi because Malawi apparently supported Portugal in the Portuguese Colonial War). We find several heavily armed camps which claim the lives of many men, vehicles, and equipment. Using the Rhodesian tactic of "Fireforce" we send in several helicopter born regiments into the north bank of the Zambezi. We attack these armed camps experiencing a few casualties but overall success. We burn these camps and lay mines around them to prevent further setup. We also begin to recruit small numbers of black regiment. We find eager recruits from the warrior tribe of the former Zulu's in Natal. Many of these regiments will be deployed in Southwest Africa. We would like to purchase 300 Walker Bulldog light tanks and the Blueprints to them from the USA.
 * Saudi Arabia: king Fasil OTL begins to modernize the nation, with banning Slavery and working on improving cities and allowing Women into the school system. The new Whabbi Imam Hassan Ali Talib is known as the moving Imam as he is known for moving and giving out speeches across Arabia.Along with opening relationship with the UAR. The Whabbi ideas are spread across Arabia, along with exporting it to Libya with the idea of a Arab Islamic Unity. We send the US the idea of Oil trading as we become a Oil powerhouse. Anti-Baathist ideas are spread across Saudi Arabia giving the idea of Whabbi and the idea of Islamic Unity these ideas are sent to the UAE,Oman, and Sudan and Somalia by sending 3,000 Imams across Arabia and 5,000 to Sudan,Libya and Yemeni tribes loyal to the king and improve the relationship with people by opening mosques and working on improving Poor areas and the slowly work on winning hearts and mind, most of the young followers are sent to collages and university to rival other factions in the university. We send arms to Anti-Republic factions in N.Yemen and Jordan,and send 500 Saudi advisors under the cover of foreign fighters, Money is sent to Whabbi faction in S.Yemen and the Muslim Brotherhood In Egypt and Syria, these group are asked to protest for war with Israel in the UAR. Imams are sent to Moroccan rebels along with some arms, as Imams work on creating a united rebel faction. Imam Hassan goes to Yemen and Jordan and train with Rebel faction uniting them under a group named "Ikhwan". We begin to work on a nuclear program for peaceful use looking for the means of making Urimunim or Platoium looking into the black market. Islamist Leaders in Libya ride the wave of revolt in Libya taking in place of the now gone Arab leaders seats holding Anti-Israeli/Western Protest demanding any hostile action to Israel and the rise of green flags in supported areas, while a group of 2,000 Ikhwan go to angry areas of major cities giving out food,money, and spreading Whabbi ideas aiming for young men and military officers as they tell people to learn about there deen (religion) before going into war. the group Ikhwan is sent to Libya and Sudan to bomb Raido sations promoting Arab ideas. The Saudi begin to work on a missile program testing our missile ideas. The Saudis send 5,000 riot troops to Libya in case anything happen.  Radio Al Hawk is made and is spread into the Arab World spreading Whabbi ideas.  The Grand Mosuqe is worked on with the oil money to expand the Grand Mosque.The Saudi Airforce is sent to attack into Israeli military targets as 5,000 troops are put on ready asking the UAR to let them in. The state spread proganda that the UAR will use anything to bring down Saudi state so we tell people to keep a clear head and be ready this info is also sent around the Arab World 
 * ​United States of America ("Team America"): In light of Saudi Arabia's support for the UAR's actions, we hereby withdrawal any and all support to the House of Saud.
 * DR Congo: The first five year plan is announced. Staunch anti communism is adopted as the state ideology. Industries are utilized to their fullest extent. Industrialization has begun. We request that diplomatic relations with SA begin as we are both staunch anti communist (player response). AK47 rifles are locally produced as the Zaire Rifle. Joseph Mobutu intends to finish off ZANU, and wants to fund UNITA to an extent. Meanwhile, westernization begins. Modern skyscrapers are built in Leopoldville, and the army stands at about 50,000 standing soldiers and 100,000 reserves. The housing project begins. 5000 houses will be built beginning this year, and as our industrial capacity grows, the number will double each year. Basic services and healthcare are beginning to be provided.
 * South African Dip: We begin reluctantly begin diplomatic relations with Congo.