Egypt (1983: Doomsday)

Egypt has only recently resurfaced as a coherent nation. Some of this can be attributed to the intervention of Greece, however the Egyptians are stalwartly independent and assert their return was only hastened by Greek kindness.

History
Egypt has alway had a varied history, it was one of the first great civilisations around the Mediterranean Sea (before both the Greeks and Romans) having its civilization be invaded by both the Greeks (under Alexander) and the Romans (under Caesar and later Octavian) its culture began to slowly stagnate.

In more recent years the country was declared an Arab Republic, under first General Muhammad Naguib and then Muhammad Anwar El Sadat until his assasination in 1981. In January 1982 Muhammad Hosni Sayyid Mubarak, commonly called Hosni Mubarak, took control of the Republic and at the time of Doomsday was working in his office in Cairo.

Due to Egypt not being a member of NATO and the fact that in 1982 they were not in good relations with both the USA and the UK it was not a target for any soviet nuclear weapons and was classed as a low grade target by the USA and UK so recieved no impacts from those nations as well.

Post-Doomsday
One of the first main problems after Doomsday was the huge numbers of tourists trapped in Egypt due to the destruction of their home countries, these tourists made their way to Cairo to their respective embassies, however due to the situation many of the embassies and their staff where themselves in chaos.

By late September many hotels in Cairo began taking in the tourists trapped in Egypt, some hotels became enclaves of nations destroyed on Doomsday. Over the next few weeks reports begin filtering in to Egypt of what exactly happened on Doomsday. After the reports reach the trapped tourists many begin grouping together on the oppossing sides, on several occassions the Egyptian police force has to intervene as groups of tourist began attacking each other with home made weapons. A particulalry bad attack occurs on the 22nd of October when groups of Americans, Britains and Canadians attack the embassies of the USSR and the German Democratic Republic burning the buildings to the ground and killing many members of staff as they tried to flee.

On the 2nd November 1983 President Mubarak declares Cairo under marshall law, he calls the military into maintain law and order.

Coup d'etat
The Muslim Brotherhood, taking advantage of the chaos in Cairo, staged a coup in late November 1983 and backed by the military they quickly took control of the country. Former President Hosni Mubarak was captured in early December 1983, and was excecuted in the first week of January 1984. The Brotherhood imposed a harsh regime based on Islamist precepts. Over the next few years, political freedoms became nonexistent, women's rights were suppressed if not removed entirely, and the native Coptic Church withered under religious persecution

The Islamist yoke was finally broken in February 1987, when Egypt attempted to invade Israel across the Sinai peninsular. The Israelis, which were still dealing with the effects of Doomsday and were in no shape to fight, responded by nuking Cairo with a groundburst 250 kiloton device. The ground zero of the attack was Cairo to the east of the Nile however the attack on Cairo - which proved to be the last nuclear attack launched to present destroyed the Muslim Brotherhood in their established stronghold of the Grand Mosque, in the heart of Cairo. The resulting power vacuum saw many local warlords rising, and just as quickly, falling. It was nearly a year before the situation had stabilized.

Due to the nuclear explosion in Cairo being a groundbust detonation, massive quantities of radiation flowed down the Nile, this radiation severely contaminated the farmland and the groundwater and caused large numbers of radioactivity related fatalities among the population of the Lower Nile.

Survivors of the attacks congregated in the south, near the Aswan High Dam. The remaining military took control of the situation, organizing the citizens into corps of farmers, fishers, and laborers. With the decimation of Cairo in the nuclear bombing by Israel it was decided that a new capital should be built near where the Eonile had begun to flow into the New Quatta lake.

New Government
Since late 1987 survivors begin arriving around Lake Nasser, electricity was supplied by the hydroelectricity plant on the Aswan High Dam. Several large townships soon grew up. In order for these townships to function a council of elders was set up in 1990 these 12 men were consulted before any major decisions were made. This was the start of the re governing of the whole of Egypt.

In early 1994, survivors gathering at Lake Nasser near the ancient temple of Abu Simbel decide that the council of elders have become to small for the rapidly increasing population, after asking the elders and asking for a vote of all men in the townships over 16 years of age it was voted to return to the pre-Muslim Brotherhood style of governance.

On 12th August 1994 a general election is held to find the governing party. Three main parties fight the election:,
 * The Progressive National Unionist Party (left wing),
 * New Wafd Party (liberal),
 * National Democratic Party (right wing).

The New Wafd Party wins the election with 48% of the vote, The Pogressive National Unionsit Party wins 36% of the vote and the National Democratic Party wins 16%.

The leader of New Wafd Party Kamal Ganzouri, becomes the fifth President. His first term began on 21st November 1994, and as of September 2009 is serving his third term in office.

Once in Office President Ganzouri takes command of what is left of the Egyptian military. His first order is to take control of all land along the Nile from the Aswan Dam to the ruins of Cairo as well as any land being run by warlords.

He also orders the abandonment and evacuation of all settlements downstream of the ruins of Cairo as well as everything east of the River Nile due to lack of control of the area, he also orders the evacuation of all settlements within 20 miles west of the River. All surviving people are housed around Lake Nasser and the new Eonile River.

Climate
By the late 1990's the climatic chaos caused by Doomsday had begun to settle down into a regular pattern, much to everyones surprise the climatic change has been advantagous to Egypt. Rainfall levels across the Sahara Desert had increased from an average of around 1 inch (25mm) to 4-5 inches (100-125mm) this has led to the desert to begin greening to form a dry savanna type environment known as Sahel.

The new Eonile
In 1992 a group of labourers widened and lowered the Sadat Canal from Lake Nasser, enabling the expansion of the Toshka Lakes (Arabic: توشكة‎)

In early 1994 the military, with the advice of the council of elders, decided to reduce the amount of water flowing from Lake Nasser into the lower Nile by roughly half (the other half used for generating electricity for the country), instead they diverted it to the west, this led to 150 million cubic feet of water per day flowing into the former barren desert beyound the Toshka Lakes where farmer corps worked to improve and farm the now slowly greening desert.

Refugees from Lower Egypt valley increased both the workforce of Egypt and the number of mouths to feed, and the military devoted most of their control to ensuring food for their citizens.

As the water continued to flow toward the desert, it created the a new river named the Eonile, this new river moved north, toward the Mediterranean Sea. In some places the Eonile backs up into large lakes and around them small communities begin to appear. Among them is the new Capital of New Cairo founded in 1999.

The Eonile first flowed into the Mediterranean Sea on the 22nd November 1999, it flowed through a man-made channel that exits into the sea to the east the Egyptian port of El Alamein.

In 2003 Egyptian hydrologists approached the governement with the idea of sending the annual Nile floods down the newly created Eonile, before this point the floods were sent down the old Lower Nile, after two years of planning the first Nile flood to reach the Mediterranean Sea since 1970 occurs in late July 2005 with a peak flow of over 350 million cubic feet of water per day and raises the surface level of the Eonile by 4 meters.

In 2009 scientists find that a new delta has begun to form at the point where the Eonile flows into the Mediterranean Sea.

By 2012 Egypt hopes to be growing enough food to start exporting to surrounding countries.

An unforseen side effect of intoducing large areas of open water in the Western Sahara Desert was discovered by scientists in 2007, it was found that rainfall in the area surrounding the new waterways and in particular to the west of the waterways had increased by up to 10% since 2001. By 2010 the average rainfall had increased to 6-7 inches (150-175mm).

Arrival of the Hellenes
In 2003 groups of Greeks approached the leadership based in the Kharga Oasis about developing the coast in return for assistance in developing the Egyptian infrastructure. In no position militarily to contest the overt colonization of the northern coast to form Kemet, the Kharga Oasis government accepted the proposal of the Greeks tentatively.

Fear among the general public brought a freeze to relations between the Greeks and Egyptians from 2003 to 2005, until negotiations and a show of good faith on the part of Greeks began to win back the good will of the Egyptian survivors.

As part of the ground-laying of the new Egyptian Capital on the shores of the new Qattara Lake (بحيره القطاره), the Greeks constructed a number of Old-Egypt styled monuments as a symbol of their friendship.

There have also been some contact made with a new Greek colony of Cyrenaica in the north of the former country of Libya.

Government of Egypt
The government of Egypt has reverted to its pre DD state of the Arab Republic of Egypt.

Currently the President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is also the elected Head of State of Egypt. Under the Constitution of Egypt, the President is also the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces and head of the Executive branch of the Egyptian government.

The first President of Egypt was Muhammad Naguib, one of the leaders of the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, who took office on 18 June 1953, the day on which Egypt was declared a republic.

The forth and former President Hosni Mubarak was excecuted by the Muslim Brotherhood shortly after the coup in late 1983.

The fifth and current President of Egypt is Kamal Ganzouri. His first term began on 21st November 1994, and as of September 2009 is serving his third term in office. There is no constitutional limit upon the number of terms that any one individual can serve as President. However due to his advancing age he is not expected to run again in four years time.

Western Expansion
In 2006 army expediations into the area formally ruled by Libya, find only small chaotic settlements after talking to the leaders of these small townships it becomes apparent that contact with the governement in Tripoli was lost shortly after Doomsday and after several years of raiding by former libyan military forces, a relative peace in the area began in late 1998. Once news of the country of Egypt to the east is discovered by these small townships they ask to become part Egypt.

Southwards Expansion
In 2009 the Egyptian military begin travelling south along the River Nile into the former country of Sudan, finding most of the western side of the country under the control of Sultanate of Darfur also finding the east and south of the country in the middle of a civil war they decide to set up several military bases in the north of Sudan along the River Nile to the joining of the River Nile and it's tributary the Atbara River. The military begin assisting any remaining locals in various farming techniques and begin building wells as part of a propaganda campaign. The area has provisionally named Greater Nubia province.

Growing Trade
With the establishment of New Cairo (القاهرة الجديدة) trade has increased with the Greeks statelets, and Greek-Egyptian partnerships are developing to make the desert flower around the Eonile and the few non-irradiated bits of the Nile.