Principality of Catalonia (Spain 1945, a coup d'État for democracy)

The Principality of Catalonia (in Catalan: Principat de Catalunya and in Aranese Occitan Principat de Catalonha) it is one of the three Home Nations of Spain, being the other Castile and the Basqueland), and, with a population of 7.5 millions, it is the second most heavily populous Home Nation of the country. The name of the nation may be either in the Arab composition of Kat-al-Talunya ( land of castles) or either from the name which was given to the territory by the Goths (Gothland/Gothaland) literally meaning Gothic land or the Goth's land), and nowadays there is an agreement between the scholars that the name is based on both the meanings who were given by earlier inhabitants of the land.

Its greater autonomy within Spain makes that the country has the following institutions of self-government.

- Parlament de Catalunya, the parliament of the nation, which consists of 136 seats chosen every four years except if the elections are anticipated, it has authority over all the internal matters affecting Catalonia except of the ones directly depending of the Conselleríes (Ministries), which are the Police and the Sometent ( a territorial defense force)

- Guardia Nacional de Catalunya: Police Service of Catalonia, in charge of all the security matters of Catalonia, it has a militarized structure.

- Sometent: Territorial defense force of Catalonia, it is in charge of the military defence of the territory and its armed force, except in international missions, it is in charge of declaring the state of war in Catalonia, previous consultation with the King of Spain, the emergency help in natural catastrophes or terrorist attacks, it is in charge of defending the country may the central government make any decision which goes against the Catalan State constitution and/or the Spanish one.

- Education System= from 3 to 16 years old, slightly modeled in the British one and specially the Finnish one, it is compulsory since 3 years old, unlike the rest of Spain, which starts to be compulsory at 6 years old. Every course is automatically passed, and there are no marks, till the fourth grade of secondary education, in which global exams are made at the British style, they are no grade repetitions due to the fact of special help being offered to the ones having special difficulties, the education is in Catalan or Occitan (last one only in Val d'Aran, and Spanish is taught from six to ten year old.