Ideas and Proposals (Cromwell the Great)


 * Ideas and proposals and development of Cromwell the Great

To do list

 * Colonial North America
 * Ireland (Settlement and problem) and Act of Union (legal incorporation of Ireland to the Commonwealth)
 * Lord Presidents of the Provinces of Ireland
 * Prince Rupert???
 * Charter companies.
 * British and French India

Symbols of Power
Ideas for symbols of office (commonwealth mace, civic crown, sash?, and what other republican regalia or symbols?)

The installation of the Lord Protector: A robe of purple velvet lined with ermine, a Sword of state and a Scepter, and the Bible, sitting in the "Coronation Chair" or "King Edward's Chair." (source)

Other names of countries, place, etc.a

 * Cromwell???

Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire or Ottoman State is a multinational, multilingual empire controlling most of Southeast Europe, parts of Central Europe, Western Asia, parts of Eastern Europe and the Caucasus, North Africa, and the Horn of Africa.

Of the Gunpowder Empires the Ottomans and Safavid are the only ones that have keep their independence from colonialism. The Mughal empire was conquered and partitioned among the British and French.

The Tanzimat, literally meaning reorganization of the Ottoman Empire, was a period of reformation that began in 18?? and ended with the First Constitutional Era in 18??.

Heads of State

 * Full title: Caliph of Islam, Amir al-Mu'minin, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Kayser-i Rûm and Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
 * Mahmud II (1785–...) 1808-...
 * Mahmud II (1785–...) 1808-...

Osmanlı Beyliği - The Ottoman State in Turkish new script عثمانلى دولتى‎ (Osmānlı Devleti in old Turkish Script) الدولةُ العثمانيةُ (Ad-Daulatu' l-ʿUṯmāniyya in Arabic) Օսմանյան Կայսրություն (Armenia: Osmanyan Kaysroutyoun)
 * Names of the Ottoman Empire

Administrative division of the Ottoman State
Before the Vilayet Law the main administrative unit was the eyalets and several various other subdivisions. With the Vilayet Law, inspired in the French department, a hierarchical order was introduced. main and top unit is the vilayet, headed by a vali, subdivided into sub-provinces (sanjak) under a mütesarrif, further into districts (kaza or liva) under a kaimakam, and into communes (nahiye) under a müdir. The vali was the representative of the Sultan in the vilayet and hence the supreme head of the administration.


 * Europe
 * Vilayet of Adrianople or Edirne
 * Vilayet of the Danube / Eastern Rumelia
 * Vilayet of Bosnia
 * Vilayet of Herzegovina
 * Vilayet of Salonica
 * Vilayet of Janina, Yanya or Ioannina
 * Vilayet of Monastir
 * Vilayet of Scutari
 * Mount Athos (part of the Sanjak of Salonica)
 * Anatolia
 * Vilayet of Constantinople
 * Vilayet of the Archipelago
 * Vilayet of Crete
 * Vilayet of Hudavendigar
 * Vilayet of Aidin
 * Vilayet of Ankara
 * Vilayet of Konya
 * Vilayet of Kastamonu
 * Vilayet of Trebizond
 * Vilayet of Sivas
 * Vilayet of Erzurum
 * Vilayet of Diyarbekir
 * Vilayet of Adana
 * Vilayet of Mamuret-ul-Aziz
 * Principality of Samos (autonomous)
 * East
 * Vilayet of Aleppo
 * Vilayet of Baghdad
 * Vilayet of Basra
 * Vilayet of the Hejaz
 * Emirate of Mecca (administered by Vilayet of the Hejaz)
 * Vilayet of Yemen
 * Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate (autonomous province)
 * Africa
 * Regency of Algiers (autonomous Ottoman vassal)
 * Flag of Tripoli 18th century.svg Vilayet of Tripolitania autonomous Ottoman vassal)
 * Vilayet of Egypt, later becoming Flag of Egypt (1844-1867).svg Khedivate of Egypt (autonomous Ottoman vassal)
 * Beylik of Tunis (autonomous Ottoman vassal)
 * Vilayet of Habesh

Iberia
The Iberian Federation (Federación Ibérica / Federação Ibérica) is a federal state located in the southwest corner of Europe. The peninsula was principally divided between the former states of Portugal and Spain, comprising their territory and colonies. Iberia as also important territorial holdings in Western Sahara, Morocco, Angola, Mozambique and Philippines.

Iberian Union / Unión Ibérica / União Ibérica Iberian Federation / Federación Ibérica / Federação Ibérica

The European Revolutionary Wars affect in Spain and Portugal.
 * Revolutions and Republic

The Iberian Union Pact signed between the republics of Spain and Portugal established the union, with a five year transitional federation, with a common government, a common citizenship, a bicameral legislative, economic and monetary union and a joint army and navy.
 * The Iberian Pact

The Iberian territorial division provided for the establishment of 18 autonomous regions (13 in former Spain and 5 in former Portugal) and three autonomous insular districts.

The colonies and overseas territories have their own laws and statues that detail their status and organization.

Administrative Division
Mainland Iberia is divided in autonomous regions, provinces, municipalities and autonomous cities. Insular territories are organized in autonomous insular districts.

All autonomous regions and insular districts have a parliamentary system based on a division of powers comprising: a unicameral Legislative Assembly whose members are elected by universal suffrage; a Council of Government (Junta or Consejo de Gobierno), with executive and administrative powers, headed by a prime minister, officially titled "Regional President", elected by the Legislative Assembly; and a Regional Court of Justice, hierarchically under the Supreme Court of Justice of Iberia.

The colonies and overseas territories have their own law that detail their status and organization being the most important, after the loss and independence of the American territories, the Philippines and Iberian Morocco. Of growing interest in colonial policy are Morocco and Western Sahara, both in dispute with France, and the African territories of Angola and Mozambique.

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 * Autonomous Regions
 * 1) Castilla-Leon (Madrid)
 * 2) Castilla la Vieja (Valladolid)
 * 3) Andalucía (Sevilla)
 * 4) Vascongadas (Bilbao)
 * 5) Aragón (Zaragoza)
 * 6) Navarra (Pamplona)
 * 7) Cataluña (Barcelona)
 * 8) Balearic Islands (Palma)
 * 9) Asturias (Oviedo)
 * 10) Galicia (La Coruña)
 * 11) Extremadura (Badajoz)
 * 12) Valencia (Valencia)
 * 13) Murcia (Murcia)
 * 14) Tras-os-Montes e Douro (Porto)
 * 15) Beira (Coimbra)
 * 16) Estremadura-Ribatejo (Lisboa)
 * 17) Alentejo (Évora)
 * 18) Algarve (Faro)
 * Autonomous Insular Districts
 * 1) Canary Islands (Las Palmas de Gran Canaria)
 * 2) Azores Islands (Ponta Delgada)
 * 3) Madeira Archipielago (Funchal)
 * North African Territories
 * 1) Melilla-> Iberian Morocco
 * 2) Ceuta-> Iberian Morocco
 * 3) Tangier-> Iberian Morocco
 * 4) Ifni
 * 5) Rif -> Iberian Morocco
 * 6) Iberian Morocco (Tetuán)
 * 7) Alawite Sultanate of Morocco (Capitals Rabat and Casablanca. Iberian Protectorate)
 * 8) Iberian Barbary Coast (Alger, later Mazalquivir) Partially ceded to France (territories of Alger and Bugia)
 * 9) Río de Oro -> Western Sahara
 * 10) Saguia el-Hamra -> Western Sahara
 * 11) Mauritania (disputed by France and Iberia)
 * 12) Western Sahara (El Aaiún)
 * Other African Territories
 * 1) Angola
 * 2) Cabo Verde
 * 3) Fernando Po
 * 4) Annobón
 * 5) São Tomé and Príncipe
 * 6) Guinea-Bissau
 * 7) Rio Muni / Equatorial Guinea
 * 8) Mozambique
 * 9) São Tomé e Príncipe
 * Asia
 * 1) State of India (Gao)
 * 2) Macao
 * 3) East Timor
 * East Indies
 * 1) Philippines (Manila)
 * 2) Mariana Islands
 * 3) Guam (Agaña)
 * 4) Palaos
 * 5) Caroline Islands

Haiti
Haiti (also Hayti or Ayiti) is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea. It was a former French colony.

The Constitution provides automatic Haitian citizenship to any black, Indian, or person of mixed race who resided in the nation for more than a year.


 * Institutions
 * President and Vice-president. The President is elected for life and the Vice-president is elected for a five year term limited to one successive reelection. The President names state secretaries. The President and Vice-president are elected by the Senate.
 * National Assembly composed of the Senate and House of Representatives. The Senate is named by the House of Representatives from a a list of candidates provided by the President and serve for a nine year term. The representatives are directly elected for five year term.
 * Court of Cassation and lower criminal and civil courts. All judges are appointed by the President.


 * President

Haiti distributed into Departments, and these subdivided into districts (arrondissements) and communes. The Governor, named by the President, is political chief of the department
 * Administrative division

Departments:
 * Sud /Sid (Les Cayes)
 * Ouest /Lwès (Port-au-Prince)
 * Artibonite /Latibonit (Les Gonaïves)
 * Nord /Nò (Cap-Haïtien)
 * Ozama (Santo Domingo)
 * Cibao (Santiago de los Caballeros also called Sant-Yago)
 * Seybo (Azua)

The major crops are sugar, indigo, coffee and cocoa.
 * Economy

State primary and secondary schools follow the French approach and organization to education. Primary education is compulsory. There are two universities: University of Santo Domingo (founded in 1538 closed in 1823 reopened in 1839) and Université d'Haïti (founded 1841).
 * Education

Greek States
States established during and after the Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire. The Greeks were assisted by France and Russia, while the Ottomans were aided by the other Great Powers as matter of keeping its territorial integrity.

The initial revolts that led to the Greek War of Independence were organized by the Filiki Eteria. This secret society was founded with the aim of liberating Greece from Ottoman yoke. The Filiki Eteria planned to launch revolts in the Peloponnese, the Danubian Principalities, and in Constantinople and its surrounding areas. in the first stages of the uprisings various areas elected their own regional governing councils.

The most important of these revolts, the Peloponnese, became the present Hellenic Republic.

Hellenic Republic
Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, historically also known as Hellas, is a country on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula of Europe.

The revolts in the Peloponnese, organized by the Filiki Eteria started the Greek War of Independence and were the only successful territories liberated from the Ottoman State. Delegates of the regional council meet in Nafplio and assembled in the first National Assembly. Its members declared the independence, established Nafplio as the provisory capital of the provisory government with Athens being declared the official capital until its liberation.

Greece features vast number of islands (approximately 1400, of which 227 are inhabited), including Cyprus (9251 sq km), Crete (8336 sq km), the Dodecanese (2714 sq km), the Cyclades (2572 sq km), and the Ionian Islands (2307 sq km) among others.

Administratively, since its first provisional government, the Hellenic Republic is divided in prefectures and municipalities.

Ionian Islands
"La Repubblica delle Sette Isole Unite è una, ed Aristocratica." The Septinsular Republic was republic of the Ionian Islands (or Heptanese). It was a protectorate of the Ottoman Empire under the protection of Russia, France and Britannia.

As all things associated to Greece and the Ottoman State it was a compromise, like the Crete between the Great Powers (Russia, France and Britannia) that attempted to cancel any possible advantage of any of the three powers. Weed out Russian influence in the Balkans and Aegean Sea, stop the French wave of republicanism and hold the strategic interests of Britannia. Its stated purpose was to reconcile the interests of Greek patriots and Ottoman territorial integrity. It keep the Ionian Islands as fictional territory of the Ottoman but largely independent under the protection of the Three Powers.

As the consensus of this age once it was broken or any alliance of the Great Powers of the Congress System gained the upper hand it fell thru.

Not integrated to the Greek Republic until the Treaty of Istanbul, following the referendum that overwhelmingly vote in favor of the union.

The seven major Ionian islands constituting the Republic, from north to south, were:
 * Corfu
 * Paxi (Paxos)
 * Lefkada (Leucada/Santa Maura)
 * Cefalonia
 * Ithaca
 * Zakynthos (Zante)
 * Kythira (Cythera/Cerigo)

These islands were administratively organized in three departments: Corfu (Corfu and Paxi), Ithaca (Ithaca, Kefalonia and Lefkada,) and Aegean Sea (Zakynthos and Kythira)

Cretan State
The Cretan State was established in 18XX, following the intervention by the Great Powers (Britain, France, Italy and Russia) on the island of Crete.

Greek War of Independence in Crete was mildly successful but the Great Powers left the island out of the Hellenic Republic.

In 18XX, an insurrection in Crete led the Ottoman Empire to declare war on Hellenic Republic, which led Britain, France, Italy and Russia to intervene on the grounds that the Ottoman Empire could no longer maintain control. It was the prelude of the island's final annexation to the Hellenic Republic, which occurred de facto in 19XX and de jure in 19XX.

Greek states
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