Henry IX and III

Henry was King of England and Ireland as Henry IX, King of France as Henri III, and King of Scotland as Henry I. He was the son of Queen Mary, who succeeded her father as Queen of Scotland in 1542 and succeeded her cousin Elizabeth as Queen of England in 1603. His father was Francis II of France, who died at the age of 29 in 1573. Henry was at the time only five years old, but his mother became his regent in France until he turned fifteen in 1583. When his mother died in 1607, he became King of England, Scotland and Ireland, as well as ruler of Wales. His lands rivalled those of Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor, who, half a century before, had succeeded to extensive lands and titles in Europe. However, the enmity between England and the other countries ruled by Henry ran deep, even though they were now in personal Union.