Hungary (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)

Hungary (Hungarian: Magyarország), formally known as the Kingdom of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyar Királyság), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine, and Romania to the east, Yugoslavia to the south and Austria to the west. The country's capital, and largest city, is Budapest.

A great power until the end of World War I, Hungary subsequently lost about 70 percent of its territory, one third of its ethnic Hungarian population, and all its sea ports under the Treaty of Trianon. From 1920 to 1946 Hungary was ruled by a regency under Regent Miklós Horthy. Horthy officially represented the Hungarian monarchy of Charles IV, Apostolic King of Hungary. Attempts by Charles IV to return to the throne were prevented by threats of war from neighbouring countries and by the lack of support from Horthy.

The Kingdom of Hungary under Horthy was an Axis Power during most of World War II. In 1944, Hungary was occupied by the Third Reich, and Horthy was deposed. The Arrow Cross Party's leader Ferenc Szálasi established a new Nazi-backed government, effectively turning Hungary into a German puppet state until the regency restored back after the World War II.