European Revolutionary Wars (Cromwell the Great)

The European Revolutionary Wars were a series of sweeping military conflicts resulting from the French Revolution in a fluctuating array of European powers formed into various coalitions. They pitted the French First Republic against British Commonwealth, Austria and several other monarchies. Initially confined to Europe, the fighting gradually assumed a global dimension. It is Usually divided in two phases.

In the first phase, after a constant warfare and aggressive diplomacy, France had conquered a wide array of territories, from the Italian Peninsula and the Low Countries in Europe to the Louisiana Territory in North America. French success in these conflicts ensured the spread of revolutionary principles over much of Europe. This first phase ended with the Treaty of Amiens, a short truce. This period was also marked by the independence of Haiti and de-establishment of the Holy Roman Empire and the formation of the Confederation of the Rhine around French allies in Germany.

The second phase, stemmed from the unresolved disputes associated with the first phase and its resultant conflict. Under the leadership of the British Commonwealth and allies several of the territories taken by France were recovered and Germany became the major theater of War.

Severe economic hardship and news of battlefield reverses had led to war-weariness and growing unrest among France's citizenry lead to the diplomatic negotiation of Peace. Also the rising costs of war and pressure on industry and manpower and a perceived stalemate in Europe moved Britain and its allies to end the war. -