Principia Moderni (Map Game)

Principia Moderni, or "The Beginning of the Modern" in Late Latin, is a map game beginning in the final days of the Middle Ages in Europe, and the early days of the Ming dynasty in China--1420 C. E...The House of Hohenzollern have become the Electorates of Brandenburg--though most of the power in the Holy Roman Empire still lies with the Habsburgs, Joan of Arc has defeated the English at Orleans, the city of Tenochtitlan is founded by the Aztecs, the Timurid Empire has united Central and West Asia, and the Yongle Emperor sends out Zheng He to voyage westwards. It is a turbulent era, in other words, an era of change, and an era in which power is cemented.

Rules

 * The main goal of these rules is to keep the game realistic, therefore every turn must be plausible; one cannot take over the world in 10 turns.
 * A turn is one day. Each turn is composed of one action, which can be militaristic, diplomatic, etc.
 * Exploration (or any sort of sea travel) takes one turn.
 * Any land which is conquered has inhabitants, and they must be dealt with.
 * Keep in mind the linguistic effects of conquering and colonizing.
 * Every person must do an action every year, but only one action.
 * Every five turns, a map is to be made. Each player should edit the map according to their nation's actions.
 * Every map must be saved as a .png on the current map template.
 * Negotiations will be on the Talk Page.
 * Each player will "call" a nation, one nation per player.
 * The creator of this game, Cosman246, has the power to grant and regulate technology for every nation, as well as regulate plausibility. They also have the right to create random events in any and every nation throughout the course of the game.
 * Actions like espionage are allowed and will be detailed later.
 * Alliances and dynastic unions are allowed, as is bargaining to achieve these.
 * If a nation is inactive (does not respond for five days), it is considered in civil disorder and thus fair game for conquering even if one was allied with it. However, resistance is stronger than if it was normally conquered.
 * There are supernational confederations (e.g. the Holy Roman Empire, the Kalmar Union), and they function like alliances. They can be broken (e.g. the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire) and they can be formed (e.g. the unification of Spain)
 * You can hire raiders/pirates and make them raid any nation's ship, but this greatly reduces that country's relationship with your nation.
 * The game ends in the present.
 * Profile pages for your country are recommended. See here for an example.
 * If you are new, you start the game in the turn you joined.

Turns
You are awarded turns for the following: •main nation: 1 turn •vassal states and colonies: 0.25 colonial turns •second nation in dynastic or personal union: 0.5 turns •no expansion in five years: 0.5 turns

Colonial turns may only be used within colonies and vassal states. Up to 0.5 may be rolled over from the user's main nation for that turn. They are worth: •0.15: new settlement •0.5: one pixel expansion •1: equivalent to normal half turn, or three pixel expansion

Normal turns are as follows:
 * 0: diplomacy not against a player nation
 * 0.5: small economic construction (such as a building), continuing statements (e.g. XXX continues to update its technology), a full turn can be spread out over two years, up to three pixel expansion
 * 1: military, expansion, exploration, major economic upheaval, new technology

Colonization Rules

 * Colonies are defined as any possessions separated from its contiguous home country by an ocean (Britain-Canada) or multiple seas (Italy-Ethiopia). This also includes places significantly distanced from a main home country (France-Lebanon).
 * No colonies until 1500.
 * No external colonies until your country is "boxed in." There is exception if a state has a special connection to a certain area.
 * Only 2 new colonies are allowed per 50 year period. The maximum number is seven at one time, two of which can be "large size."  Large colonies are larger than OTL Peru (1,285,216 km2).  No exceptions.
 * Colonies begin as a slice off a coast, and expand slowly over a period of 30-100 years to full size.
 * The maximum number of external colonies after World War II is 3, which can't be large.
 * Colonies are designated on the map with black borders, as opposed to the usual white.
 * For every two colonies you have, you may use a half turn in any one of the colonies.

Multiple Nations
It is possible to create multiple nations. However some rules must be observed.

Vassal States
You may have vassal states subordinate to your nation, but contiguous to your nation. They are ruled by your first nation's government, but are allowed to keep their own interests. You may have up to two vassal states, and they are in the category of colonies.

Dynastic or Personal Union
Dynastic or personal union is multiple countries ruled by a single dynasty or person, respectively. This can be accomplished by overthrowing the dynasty in another country. The other country must border your first country. The rules are the same as standard expansion, but it may be a better idea than invasion if the second nation is an ally or has a different religion. The second nation may have an extra half turn or full turn, with the first nation having a half turn.

Independence
Bordering nations may gain independence at any time. Colonies may gain independence beginning in 1776. Players may add a quarter turn per year and keep alliance with the first nation, or add a half turn and break alliances. After thirty years, the number of turns doubles for that nation.

Full Unity
A nation not in dynastic or personal union and without vassal states is in full unity. When not in full unity, the country is more susceptible to invasion, despite having fewer turns. Independent nations are in full unity after 15 turns.

Moderators (effective 1440)

 * There should be three to five moderators at all times.
 * Anyone may comment on a post believed to be implausible, but only moderators may roll them back.
 * Moderators are in charge of inducting new members, and controlling the maps.
 * Moderators should be active often to inspect moves for historical implausibility.
 * Moderators may cause natural events with a majority among them voting in favour. Moderators may cause events affecting all players or only players who have expanded implausibly.
 * Moderators may have specific roles if they wish.
 * If there is enough support, someone may be elected or impeached every 10 years.

Requirements

 * Not having expanded implausibly for fifteen turns, as determined by other moderators.
 * Played for at least ten moves.
 * Must use a user account for most of their edits.
 * Must be active at least 3 days a week.

Current Moderators

 * User:Cosman246 (creator, mod-in-chief)
 * User:Detectivekenny (mod-in-Chief, mapmaker)

Sign-up
Roguejedi 15:16, February 10, 2011 (UTC) (on every, and I mean every, single day)
 * You're promoted to assistant moderator, and can now do anything except roll back posts or make random events. You can become a moderator, but make your posts more detailed and based on OTL.

PitaKang 00:11, February 11, 2011 (UTC)
 * You're promoted to assistant moderator, and can now do anything except roll back posts or make random events. You can become a moderator, but make your posts more detailed and  researched.

Europe

 * England-- Roguejedi
 * Scotland--
 * Wales--
 * France--
 * Burgundy-- SSS
 * Aragon--
 * Swiss Confederacy-- -Sunkist-
 * Navarre--
 * Portugal--
 * Castille-- Woogers
 * Ireland--
 * Genoa--Cloudslayer
 * Papal States--
 * Naples--
 * Venice-- Chicagoan
 * Teutonic Knights--
 * Hungary--
 * Wallachia--
 * Moldavia--
 * Poland-Lithuania--
 * Muscovy--
 * Novgorod--

Kalmar Union (Principa Moderni)

 * Norway-- Destroyanator
 * Sweden-- BoredMatt
 * Denmark-- Baconton

The Holy Roman Empire

 * Florence--
 * Bohemia--
 * Austria--
 * Brandenburg--

The Islamic World

 * Granada--
 * Ottoman Empire-- StarkBlack
 * Golden Horde--
 * Mamluk Sultanate--BlackSkyEmpire
 * Il-Khan--
 * Timurid Empire-- Thant
 * Mali--
 * Chagatai Khanate--
 * Oman--
 * Oirats Khanate--
 * Delhi Sultanate--

The Far East

 * Vijayanagar Empire--
 * China-- CrimsonAssassin
 * Japan-- Cosman246
 * Joseon-- PitaKang
 * Vietnam-- Yank
 * Hanthawaddy-- Detectivekenny

Americas

 * Aztecs-- Devil_Warrior
 * Maya-- Fedelede
 * Inca-- VENEZUELA

Austrailia

 * Kulin-- Herblover

1420

 * King Razadarit declares the introduction of a national currency in Hanthawaddy, and begins to reform the Mon economy into a money economy.
 * England declares war on Scotland for a trumped-up border infringment. English troops advance against the southern sottish areas, with many pichted battles being fought on each side. English troops advance to the outskirts of Edinburgh but are stopped by an intense Scottish counter-attack. The English king declares that he will "unite the British isles before I die and expand the power of England into the chronicles of history." Six new ships are produced, and they are all powerful ships of the line.
 * Err......weren't ships of the line developed around 1700?
 * I meant equvalent to ships of the line. a.k.a. powerful, slow ships that pack a large punch.
 * China retaliates against the Mongols. They declare war against eastern mongolia.
 * The Aztec Emperor Acampichtli forms a triple alliance between the 3 city-states Tenotichtlan, Texoco, and Tlacopan. A massive project is started to build a great temple to the three strongest good gods of the Aztec Pantheon in the three city-states: One to Huitzilapochtli in Tenotichtlan, One to Quezatlcoatl in Texoco and One to Tlaloc in Tlacopan.
 * Norway suggests that the three members of the Kalmar Union eliminate tariffs on trade between them. in addition, Norway launches a large force to invade Iceland, in order to capture the valuable fishing grounds. they are able to conquer much of the coast of iceland, and the remainder is blockaded. Norway begins an expansion of it's naval facilitiees, including the instalation of several water powered sawmills in the royal dockyards.
 * The union is full personal union last time I checked, and also tariffs and nationalized trade didn't exist.
 * Ok, sounds good then.
 * The Ottomans secure their borders, and plan to move in to attack Constantinople by next year. The Ottoman's began to build a massive navy, with over 200 ships.
 * Sweden invades Pskov and the lands of the Est to give them a stranglehold on Novgorodian trade. Troops secure Estonia and Pskov by the end of the year, while a second force captures all of Latvia north of the Daugava.
 * The Malmulk's offer the Ottomans an alliance in exchange for support in the invasion; the Mlmulk's also create a Christian puppet state in OTL Israel in order to prevent crusades against them and to also appease the Europeans. Also, the Malmulks prepare to invade II-Kahn with foot soldier's gathering around the isloated Mongol territory.
 * Venice expands its navy and sends out exploration.
 * Joseon offers an alliance to China. They dramatically improve their navy, and bulk up their army.

1421

 * The Temples in Tenotichtlan, Texoco, and Tlacopan are completed! With the people feeling very religous and spiritual Acamapictli decides to start an epedition to take back the mythological origin place of the Aztec, the land of Aztlan (which is in OTL Central Florida) hoping the religous fantasicm of the people will be enough to conquer all teh way to Aztlan. Meanwhile the cities of Texoco and Tlacopan decide to launch thier own invasions to subjugate the city-states that were the traditional enemies of the Aztecs- Chalca, Tepaneca, Matlatzinca, and Alcohua. Using new weapon-making techniques the Aztec of all city-states formed weapons out of the volcanic rock obsidian making the Aztecs' weapons far more accurate then thier enemies hoping that this will give them a signifigant advantage in the upcoming military campains.
 * England continues to advance against Scotland, now with troops on the outskirts of Perth. More new heavy ships are built and they destroy the almost nonexistant Scottish fleet instantly. England asks for an alliance with the KU, and continues to draft more troops for the cause of uniting the isles. Ireland grows wary of English aggresion but doesn't build up troops yet, hoping that England will contain its conquest to the eastern isle.
 * Joseon begins to plan to invade Japan, but they draft more soldiers. They make a tempting pay for soldiers, and many soldiers join the army.
 * Swedish troops advance southward, capturing Latvia and most of coastal Lithuania. The navy expands considerably in order to account for such a large increase in troop movements and to facilitate logistics in a primarily exeditionary campaign. The road networks throughout central Sweden are improved, with the main thoroughfare from Kalmar to Stockholm beginning to be macadamized using a new technique pioneered by a German immigrant.
 * Norway sends hundreds of Norwegians to found farming and fishing villages in Norway. they continue to expand their navy and shipyards, and make loans to shipbuilder to help them expand. the fishing industry benefits greatly from this, and soon fishermen are traveling far out into the atlantic in search of fish. Norway builds several strong oceangoing vessels to support it's traditional galley fleet, and arms them with 15 heavy cannons on each broadside.
 * The Mayan peoples are started to being united when the three nations of the Mayapán League unify their three cities and set their capital in Uxmal. Soon, most Yucatec cities on the south (that had only about a fifth of the total Mayan population of the time) are under the Confederation's control. It later expands it's influence towards Zapotec and Mixtec cities, which don't want to be annexed by the Aztecs. It also starts to improve it's technology so that it reaches an Aztec level.
 * The Malmulks invade II Khan and fight off fiercest resistance as they reach the gulf (Northern area up). They also begin to expand into Arabia, fighting off the numerous tribes in Northern Arabia.
 * King Razadarit orders four merchant ships constructed in Pegu and appoints explorer Nai Thiha to explore and trade with overseas people.
 * China digs deeper into Mongol Territory. They expand their navy.
 * The City of Cuzco conquers many tribes and near cities and renames the Incan Empire. They conquer all the modern department of Cuzco.
 * Venice invades the territory above it with its new strengthened army.

1422

 * The Swedes complete their conquest of the Balts and the Teutonic Knights. The army is dissolved and sent back to their farms, while several thousand German mercenaries are brought in to consolidate their position using funds stolen from the Treasury at Riga.
 * The Aztecs have captured the city-states opposing itbringing the warriors to the Triple-Alliance for sacrifice. Tenotichtlan makes steady conquest and expansion towards Aztlan. The Aztec Emperor sends out messengers to the neighboring Mayans to establish diplomatic terms between the two.
 * The Mayans establish diplomatic relationships with the Aztecs. They also continue annexing the Mixtec and Zapotec territories. Finally, they start worrying more about the sea due to their new relationships, and start to try building larger ships than simple boats.
 * China continues to take more Mongolian Territory. China's navy is considerably expanded.
 * England continues its war against Scotland. The Scttish are puttng up large amounts of resistance, but England has contained them to the Scottish highlands. One of two more years and Sctland will be completely under English control. England builds more new new ships and again offers alliances to Sweden, Norway, and Finland. English explorers start to venture out farther to the sea in search of new land
 * The Malmulk's conqur the rest of II Kahn and also erdicate tribe in OTL Northern Arabia.
 * Joseon considerably bulks up it's navy.
 * Japan considerably bulks up its navy and army as well. Japan creates a defense blockade, and conscripts people into its navy.
 * Norway founds several fishing villages in Greenland. in addition, Norway continues to build villages in Iceland, and to expand their navy. Finally, the Norwegians continue to expand their shipyards.
 * Minhkaung of Ava dies. Razadarit laments over the loss but sends his army north to invade Ava and end the Forty Years War.  He also sets out plans for a learning institution to be constructed in Pegu by 1445.

1423

 * Binnya Ran takes control of the throne of Hanthawaddy after his father Razadarit and Crown Prince Binnya Dhammaraza perish in an elephant hunting accident. Hanthawaddy's failed invasion of Ava is recalled, although it took control of the city of Prome. Nai Thiha leaves on his first voyage to Bengal to transport 500 Burmese weavers to Bengalla (Dhaka).
 * Norway continues its colonization of Iceland, and continues to beef up it's navy. a large naval force lands Norwegian troops in the Low countries and in several small german principalities on the North Sea. Norwegian troops use their control of the oceans to great effect, ad soon control all of the coastal areas between Denmark and France. they solidify their position there, allow reinforcements to be brought in, and prepare to push inland.
 * Hate to break it to you, but from what I can see, you've owned Iceland since 1380.
 * There's a difference between owning and colonizing.
 * Okay
 * China takes the rest of eastern Mongolia. They begin to take central Mongolia.
 * Sweden continues to consolidate their Baltic territory. The fleet is expanded, turning the Baltic into a Swedish lake for all intensive purposes.
 * The Malmulks begin to intergrate the newly acquired into Malmulk rule and they also expand even more into Arabia, fighting off the numerous tribes.
 * Korea improves their navy. Theirs is now one of the strongest in the region.
 * The Mayans continue trying to improve their army and navy, while conquering more Zapotec states. The Mayans offer support for the Aztecs in conquering Aztlan.a
 * Japan improves its navy. It is now the strongest in the region

1424

 * Binnya Ran declares the golden age of Hanthawaddy has begun. Hanthawaddy continues to trade with Malaya, Ceylon, Siam, and Bengal.
 * Korea invades Taiwan.
 * Nprway continues its invasion of the Low Countries and northwest Germany. they control the entire coast, as well as a large portion of the Rhine river. Norway also continues its colonization of Iceland.
 * You cant exand that fast. The opponents are much more powerful
 * I'd have to agree. It's the Holy Roman Empire against you. Spread out a little more.
 * Castille invades Aragon.
 * China continues to take Central Mongolia. Their navy is also improved, becoming one of the most highly skilled in the world
 * England attacks Ireland, having finished up England. They advance in the northern region and they blockade the country. England continues to build its navy and army, and it also continues its road network linking the isles togetr. Sea defences are made along the coast of southern England, and more defences are expected to be made in the following years
 * Sweden continues to consolidate their territory in the Baltic, and put down a rebellion among the Germans in Riga. The fleet expands again, while the Finns, Lapps, and Karelians are integrated into the levy system. The Duke of Uppsala adds two thousand Lapp cavalry to his personal retinue.
 * The Malmulks consolidate there power and prepare to expand from Egypt southward.
 * The nomadic Timurid hordes come to a grinding halt and erupt into great civil disarray. The rival factions within the Empire revolt against Timur's rule after a short lull of inactivity. Timur's armies rise out against the rebels, solidifying a more larger centralized rule with parcels of land handed out to his greatest soldiers in a very feudal form of organization. However, the rebel armies are strong as well and though many battles are won by the Timurids, their forces face some losses as well. Timur's advisors and viziers begin thinking of a more permanent organization to the Empire, something that would live longer and stand greater than the legendary Mongol Empire itself, and begin devising a much more permanent form of organization behind the conqueror's back.

1425

 * Nai Thiha of Hanthawaddy visits the Swahili city-states of Zanzibar, Malindi, and Mombasa. By the end of the year, he has rounded the Cape of Good Hope.
 * The Mayans continue improving their navy. They also finish absorbing the Zapotec and Mixtec cities.
 * England has almost completed the invasion of Ireland, with only afew areas in the western area still holding out. ships explore ever farther in teh search for something else. Many people want to be free of the kings and lords rules. They want to stat a new life and live it to the fullest. England makes secret plans to invade Brittany to establish valueable trading posts in the Atlantic ocean. The English navy is built up even more, with more and more ships being made each year.
 * Castille finishes the annexation of Aragon, and begins assimilating its remaining military forces, moving them to the foothills of the Pyrenees. Work begins on a road system, connecting major towns and villages with Toledo.
 * The Malmulk's begin to prepare for the annexation of the small Turkish states in order to establish a border with the Ottoman Empire.
 * Central Mongolia is taken by China. China prepares to take the golden horde.
 * You aren't anywhere near the Golden Horde. Do you mean the Chagatai or Oirat Horde?
 * He's good. Central Mongolia borders the Golden Horde.
 * This is the most current map I could find, from 1389. The Horde was supposedly restricted to the area between the Dnepr and Caspian by 1423.
 * I guess you're right. He would have to take the successor khanates one by one.
 * Korea takes all of Taiwan.
 * The Malmulks invade the small turkish states (20-27) and quickly regroup there armies afterwards; they propose an alliance with China against the Golden Horde in order to stretch out there resources and overwhelm them.
 * The Aztecs finish thier conquest of OTL Baja California and Florida. The Aztecs send messengers to the Mayans thanking for thier help in retaking Aztlan and with a border treaty creating a set border between the Aztecs and Mayan at Zapotecas and the corresponding horizontal line. The treay will also offer the Mayans a temple to Kukulucan that Aztec workers will build in Uxmal. In addition. The Aztecs take prisoners from the war back to Tenoctichtlan for mass ascrifice to Huitzilapochtli, however the Aztec Emperor pardoned those who had naval experience and conscripted them into a new Aztec imperial navy.
 * Sweden begins a large-scale expansion and revitalization of their road network in order to help consolidate their holdings in the Baltic and in Finland. The fleet expands again, though at a slower rate.
 * The Timurid hordes continue to quarrel and war with one another. Timur's loyal armies sweep through Persia, engaging in spectactular battles with the local Persian dynasties. Through the sheer aggresiveness and audacity that brought the Timurid Empire to it's height, the Amir triumphs in Persia. Under insistent persuasion by his advisors, Timur reluctanctly appoints a circle of governors and magistrates over Persia and it's surrounding territories. These magistrates begin regulating government affairs and infrastructure while the Amir is conquering the remaining rebel hordes. By the end of the year, only a small number of armies that make up the Empire are disloyal to the Amir, and by the next year it is hoped that the rebellion will be crushed and that the Empire will move towards thoughts of more external conquest.
 * Japan sends traders over to the port of Kolkata, eventually colonizing it. It also builds up its navy, negotiating a treaty with Korea.
 * Colonization isn't allowed until 1500. Exploration takes one turn.  Also, Kolkata doesn't exist yet.  And also (hehe) Bengal is my Hanthawaddy's ally so yeah, be careful.

1426

 * Nai Thiha returns to Pegu, beginning a series of trade routes between Mombasa, Malindi, Zanzibar, and Pegu. A large quantity of gold is obtained in this way, from Zimbabwe. Hanthawaddy continues to upgrade its economy.
 * The mayans agree to the Aztec offer and start helping the building of a new great temple. They also start exploring the Caribbean Sea, reaching as far as Cuba.
 * venice begins to reorganize its government with a series of civil wars and a new power taking over. Venice expands its navy.
 * THe Malmulks continue to reorginize and intergrate Malmulk society on conqured regions. They expand there navy and army as well.
 * Castile's forces enter the southwest of France, annexing several Gaulish tribal areas.
 * China begins to lead an assault on the Golden Horde. They highly discourage other nations attacking the Horde, as the Horde is too strong for most armies. China will give the word when an attack on the Horde by other nations seems safe.
 * The Aztec Army expands to the east and west in Mexico. Aztec workers work diligently on the Temple.The Aztec Navy moves to blockade the Aztec's Native American enemies. The Aztecs annex all cities within the surrounding area of Tenotichtlan (seeing as how the cities were surroundedit is plausible). Aztec scientists begin research of more advanced weaponry.
 * Korea offers an alliance to Japan. They also build up their navy.
 * Japan accepts the alliance

1427

 * Hanthawaddy increases rice production by sending agricultural experts throughout the kingdom to instruct in efficient habits, and introduce technology. Nai Thiha prepares for his second voyage, in which he plans to visit Arabia.
 * Korea begins to send explorers to OTL Kamchatka. However, the first journey is a disaster and the entire party is killed, due to the rough waters. Korea begins to develop better ships for more exploration trips.
 * Castile prepares an expedition across the Strait of Gibraltar to scout for valuable resources. It also begins constructing fortifications along the Garonne.
 * The Malmulk Sultanate begins to prosper as the price of producing goods and other objects are greatly reduced; new improved dirt/sand roads are completed and transportation storages begin to operate must efficently and quickly. A new bank system helps re-pay damage done in the recent invasions and more local Guard units are created in order to help keep the peace. Small"Faith" committees are created for other religons in order to reduce religous violence. The Malmulks set up trading centers across the Medditerrain and request that Castile allow trading centers be set up on there coasts in exchange for reduced tarriffs on goods coming from the Malmulks.
 * Castile opens Barcelona and Valencia for trade between the nation and the Malmulk Sultanate, in the hopes that trade will enrich both nations' economies.


 * Japan ventures to the small states in OTL East India, becoming traders there.
 * China takes more Horde Territory. Meanwhile, they begin exploring Kamchatka and Indonesia.
 * Exploration and expansion are each one turn.
 * England finally finishes conquering Ireland, and now the British isles aer under complete English control. The English King declares a national holiday in remembrance of this great day. The English treat the conquered people's well, considering them a kind of brother in this long fight. England decideds to not invade Brittany for a few years. People in England begin to envision a colony of England in a new world, spreading England's greatness far and wide. England offers alliances to Castille and all the various KU nations
 * Venice strengthens its top cities greatly and begins to raise its living standards
 * The Aztec send out settlers and a band of Jaguars to the important City-state of Talco (the very tip of OTL Texas) Troops from the great campains in Baja California and Florida return to Tenotichtlan with sacrifices.

1428

 * Hanthawaddy introduces bills of lading and receipts into the economy of Hanthawaddy, written on palm leaves. In addition, the Peguans seek to diversify their economy by mining precious metals, along with fine ceramics. Hanthawaddy becomes the number one rice exporter in the region by a large margin, spreading its rice farming technology to Ceylon.
 * The Ottomans began to invade Persia.
 * Joseon asks China for an alliance. They also send several exploration trips to Kamchatka and India. They offer an alliance to Hanthawaddy. Their exploration trips are successfull, and detailed maps of India and Kamchatka will be made within 3 years.
 * King Binnya Ran sends Mon officials to Ryugyeong as a diplomatic mission.


 * Japan uses its general knowledge of India to set up a trading post in OTL Bihar-Jharkhand area, calling it Tenjiku no Minato, soon shortened to Tenjikuminato.
 * The Malmulk Sultenate begins to set up trading posts across the coast of Northern Africa and they offer the Ottoman Empire and Venice trading alliances and rights to build trading hubs on there land in exchange for the ability to do the same. Muslim preachers are sent to OTL Sicly and Naples to spread the religon of Islam and its influence on other nations. Silks, incense, and other valuble material can be smelled in the busy streets and housing of Cario; valuble treasures and slaves being sold on the market, and newly aquired food from Castile finally arrives to the joy of the people as many continue there lives. THey offer a trading alliance with the Ming Dynasty in order to obtain the valuble silk and tea that is so rare in Europe/Africa.
 * The Ottomans agree to the Mamluk's offer for an economical alliance.
 * Castile expands its reach further into southern France.
 * England again asks Castille for an alliance, telling Castille that both nations would prosper greatly because of an alliance. England improves their interior and makes a revolutionary law. They begin to tax the upper classes more than the lower classes, in an effort to increase popular support. This is a revolutionary idea, with the high classes usually being almost tax exempt. The high classses are in an uproar, but there is not enougth of them to cause major trouble.
 * After much deliberation, the offer for alliance with the English is accepted by Castile.


 * The Aztec settlers continue on thier way, meanwhile the Aztec emperor dies (of natural causes) and his son, Itzcoatl, takes the throne. Itzcoatl makes a speech in Tenotichtlan claiming that the god Huitzilapochtli came to him in a dream. Fromthere Itzcoatl creates a regime in the Empir which is part-religous part militarialistc as Itzcoatle believes he serves the War God Huitzilapochtli.
 * Norway continues to consolidate its holdings in the Low countries and north Germany. they also expand their riverine forces on the Rhine river.

1429

 * As the conquest of the French lands continues, the flag of the Corona de Castilla flies over Lyon, Toulouse, and Bordeaux. Castile's forces approach the southern outskirts of Paris, with the goal of unifying France with Castile.
 * From trade through Tenjikuminato, Japan translates ancient Sanskrit and Arabic scientific and mathematical texts. A new interest in science sparks Japan as universities are formed. Physicists discover the Earth revolves around the sun, and are making definitions of mass and velocity as Japan advances science
 * The Malmulks continue to advance as education becomes a large need for it to prosper in the future; therefore, more schools and univerisities for education are created. A new law makes education very strict, in order for the "next generation" to learn life early on and to blossom from it.
 * Hanthawaddy sends Nai Thiha as far as the OTL Torres Strait. Small Buddhist Mon communities are set up in Sumatra, Java, Bali, Papua, and Arnhem Land. Pegu becomes one of the most prosperous ports in Southeast Asia, rivaling OTL Guangzhou.
 * England starts trading largely with Castille and both nations become richer. An English explorer gains a grant to explore Africa more thouroghly, wanting to make maps much more accurate. is voyage will take 4-5 years and has great support in England. This explorer causes amny others to want to explore other lands, and they start planning for their own voyages. English high-wealth people stage a revolt midway through November, but without mass suport from the lower classes, the revolt fails. The lower-wealth people support the governemnt, and projects like universities and roads progress much faster than they normally would.
 * China continues to take Golden Horde Territory. It accepts Japan's offer to an alliance.
 * Norway continues to build up its navy, and to solidify its hold on the low countries.
 * Dai Viet discreetly imports small amounts of Chinese "firearms" and cannon, along with the recipe for gunpowder. They study the weapons, and begin developing the infastructure necessary to manufacture their own.
 * Itzcoatl begins a plan to take full control away from all regimes that would oppose him to secure his emperorship through the Empire.

1430

 * Mon authorities begin work on the Loit Hnaw, a collection of writings on traditional Chinese, Mon, and Indian herbal medicines. A hospital is constructed in Pegu. A messenger system is initiated to connect all parts of the kingdom, connected by various huts.
 * Hospitals are constructed in Kyoto, and as coffee spreads through trade from the Islamic world through Tenjikuminato, coffeehouses are built. Physicists study electricity and magnetism, seemingly unrelated until a brilliant scientist notes the effect of lightning on his compass. An education system forms.
 * Dai Viet founds a workshop for the manufacture of firearms. Mines and foundries are built to create the raw materials for the guns. This is the start of the forming of industry in Dai Viet. The nation's economy begins to pick up, and literacy levels skyrocket.
 * Silks from Asia finally begin to be imported, pleasing the people and perfect for decorations and outfits. The Malmulks begin to finish off the remaining Arabian tribes.
 * China continues the assault on the Horde. Meanwhile, they request that guns are not traded to outsiders.
 * Joseon again asks Japan and CHina for an alliance. They also send an exploration mission into Kamchatka, and maps are made. Troops are prepared for colonization.
 * China accepts Japan's offer for an alliance.
 * Paris is finally captured by Castile, completing the conquest of France.

1431

 * As Hanthawaddy loses its vassal state of Arakan, to Narameikhla, it launches an invasion of the major rice-producing region around Mrauk U, and on a second front from the south. The Rakhine Kingdom is confined to the area around Sandoway.
 * Japan accepts the alliances of China and Joseon. They start setting up serious studies of electricity and magnetism, as Tenjikuminato is expanded northwards
 * Keep to a trading post for now. Your colony technically shouldn't exist until 1500. For now you can basically colonize east Russia or the Pacific Islands. 
 * Ok, I suppose
 * The Malmulks finally eradicate all the tribes from Arabia and declare victory; meanwhile attempts to expand into Africa begin to form.
 * Dai Viet builds more firearm workshops, and is able to produce a sizeable amount of guns annually. They begin to arm their soldiers with these guns and begin extensively training them on their use. They craft plans to invade the Champa state to the southeast, and the rapidly disintergating Khmer Empire to the west. The Dai Viet manufacturing techniques branch out to other products and the Dai Viet standard of living show incredible improvement.
 * The Mayans expand southward, towards OTL Nicaragua. They also continue improving their navy.
 * Construction of an expanded road network throughout France begins. A cultural and scientific center is established in Barcelona, with the goal of attracting minds from throughout western Europe to attain scientific discovery.
 * The Danes set up a tiny colony in Labrador. The Danes begin experiments of putting metaal armor on ships in small amounts.
 * Sorry, but no colonies till 1500. Read the rules.
 * You can send exploration first.
 * China eradicates the remaining Golden Horde territories. The Chinese government calms everybody down in their new territories. They begin upgrading their already powerful navy.
 * With Itzcoatl's regime fully in control Itzcoatl sends troops to the North to ctontinue the conquest and to get sacrificies to Huitzilapochtli. The settlers have reached Talco (Very tip of OTL Texas) and start a colony there (message said that I get my colony now.)
 * Thats fine, the Aztecs are/where near OTL Texas. America was not discovered until the 1500's. The Danes will have to wait until then to have a colony.
 * England invaseds Brittany suddenly and without warning, landing thousands of troops over a few days on the coasts. Soon most of the coasts and areas of the Northern tip are held, with Brittany troops valiantly fighting for survival but eventually being overwelmed by the sheer force of numbers. England sees many other countries inproving scientificly, and they decide to build a large university and labratory to learn about science and discover new technologies.
 * Joseon sets up a trade post on Kamchatka, close to OTL Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. They also bulk up their army and navy.
 * Vladivostok isn't on Kamchtka. I would say Vladivostok is close enough to Korea that it doesn't have to be considered a colony. Do you mean Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky?
 * Yes, I thought for a moment Vladivostok is in Kamchatka.

1432

 * Rakhine forces push back on Hanthawaddy's invasion and manage to reclaim the city of Mrauk U, although a Mon fort still remains. In order to deal with the rising demand for materials, King Binnya Ran orders a rice tax to pay for weapons. Three cast iron manufactories are built: one in Dagon and two in Pegu.
 * The Danish colony fails misribley, but the Danes vow to return.
 * Swedes finally finish their ambitious expansion of road networks and consolidation of territories. They begin to move against the Finns and Karelians.
 * Kulin Tribe build their huts along a the shore in Austrailia, they start to collect sticks and smooth them to make Woomeras. The first ceremony of Dreamtime begins, and a cheif is chosen.
 * Sanskrit is a popular subject in Japan, as it allows people to extract knowledge from traded texts. Meanwhile, many general formulas of mechanics are formulated, up until OTL Newton's laws.
 * Dai Viet invades the Champa state to the southeast. The Champa troops are taken completely by surprise by Dai Viet musketmen. They take heavy casualties and start a rapid retreat. This starts a rapid series of defeats that has the nation completely occupied by the end of the year. The Dai Viet start drawing up plans for an outpost in the OTL Phillipines
 * The Muslims begin to explore the outerreaches of the Atlantic Ocean. (I do plan on them finding OTL Carribean but it will take 5 turns later from my point of view, also I dont plan on any colonies besides a few cluster of trading posts until 1500.)
 * China sets up a colony in Kamkatchka. Meanwhile, they continue to upgrade their navy.
 * You haven't sent exploration, you can't have two turns and you need to wait until 1434.
 * Castile founds a national university system to spread knowledge and cultivate young minds.
 * Joseon finds the Philipenese through Taiwan, and begin exploring it.
 * The Mayans start conquering the Mayan-speaking city-states in Nicaragua and Costa Rica.

1433

 * Dai Viet finishes the conquering of the Champa nation. The former Cham citizens begin to feel the benefits of Viet citizenship, and overwelmingly have decided to not revolt. The now-experienced Dai Viet soldiers begin the process of conquering the divided and feuding remnants of the former Khmer Empire. Once again they swiftly defeat their opponents through a combination of firearms and the Khmer's own divisions.
 * Genoa begins to expand north, and plans to take Milano by the end of the year. A new fleet is also being built to protect coastal assest. In Genova (city), a new piazzo is being built and will hold a fountain with a statue of the reagent king.
 * Mon troops storm the city of Mrauk U and Sandoway simultaneously, leading to an all-out war between Arakan and Hanthawaddy. The war continues to rage as both Arakan and Pegu use iron weapons heavily. The city of Dagon is raided by Arakan and mostly destroyed.
 * Japan invades Hokkaido and Sakhalin.
 * China continues to explore the Pacific Ocean.
 * Joseon conquers OTL Vladivostok, and begin expanding into OTL Russia. They also bulk up their army and navy.
 * Sweden continues to advance against the Finns. The navy is heavily expanded, while the road network follows the path of the conquering army.
 * The Mayans continue improving their navy, and continue exploring the Antilles. They discover the Dominican Republic and reach as far as OTL Barahona. They also continue annexing Central American cities.
 * The Malmulks send an expidition force across Egypt to remap the surrounding area. The Malmulk fleet continues to explore the Antlantic.
 * Castile invades Portugal.

1434

 * Hanthawaddy secures all of Rakhine, with Bengal assistance in taking over Chittagong. The remaining Arakan forces are active in small groups, or have fled to Ava. Binnya Ran proclaims victory.
 * Dai Viet soldiers finish conquering the divided Khmer citystates. They spend some time consolidating their new territories. Dai Viet begins building roads and other infastructure for their new empire.
 * The Malmulks begin to construct early and crude forms of firearms, in other news the fleet continues its Antlantic voyage, and the Malmulks begin to expand across Africa (not quickly)
 * Genoa begins to build trade posts along the shoreline of the African and Asian Mediterranean, thus adding new imports into Genoa. More money is being put into bulking their Naval and Ground Forces. Some people inside the trade posts have heard rumors of land to the East.
 * Castile's invasion of Portugal continues; they prepare plans to field a navy.
 * Japan creates a system to easily signal long distance areas of news. They also develop primitive rifles.
 * I believe you are referring to the arquebus
 * China expands its navy and continues to explore the Pacific.
 * England finishes its conquest of Brittany and some areas of northern France. England continues to offer alliances to Sweden, Norway, adn Finland, hoping that they will accept the alliances. England improves its navy again, and builds miltiple ports in Brittany, valuable trading locations with other countries. England begins to work on a system that will provide scholors with a national labritory and funds to carry out scientific work. Meanwhile, English ships continue to travel farther in search of land.
 * Genoa invades Corsica. The invasion plan is to push the Corsicans south, and stop them from leaving. Genoese leaders expect the Corsicans soon demise.
 * Joseon begins to develop the arquebus, in order to counter the Japanese threat to of arquebus. Also, the new king begins a new reformation program, starting with rooting out corrupt officials and ending with bulking up their army and navy.

1435

 * Dai Viet develops their own model of arquebus in order to stay in the "arms race". They also experiment with a heavier model of arquebus mounted on the back of a horse-drawn vehicle. They also begin the construction of a fleet, as they look for new lands to expand to. Several harbors are built to facilitate this fleet. The island of Sumatra is the first planned area of expansion.
 * Chemistry develops in Japan with the organization of elements
 * Implausible. Elements were only organized in the 1800's.
 * OK, Japan explores to the East, finding the Pacific Northwest. They create a trading post--Higashiminato
 * The Mayans continue developing their navy, and starts to develop it's art and science. It also discovers that the wheel can be used for practical purposes.
 * As Hanthawaddy deals with its newly acquired territory, Nai Thiha travels on his third voyage, directly south, landing at OTL present-day Perth, continuing onto Tasmania (which he calls Chuadung), and New Zealand (which he calls Klengngoa), before reaching cold temperatures that compel his expedition to turn back, against his vice captain's insisting on seeing a large continent. On the returning journey, Thiha visits the aboriginal Kulin tribe, offering diplomatic alliance and trade. Towards the end of the year, the Kingdom of Ava, severely weakened by the Forty Years' War yet fearful of the economic imbalance caused by the Mon dominance of all Burmese ports, launches an invasion of Prome.
 * Joseon sends a colonization party to Kamchatka, consisting of 5 ships, and several hundred men, women, and children. They also send soldiers to garrison the new colony. They begin using the Chinese 3 line fire method, where 2 lines would reload while one would fire. This is very effective and the edge of the Kamchatkan Peninsula is soon made into a small port.
 * The Malmulk Antlantic fleet discovers OTL Caribbeans and small trading posts are set up; back in Africa, talks between the Mali and Malmulks begin opening up with the main topic being the merging of the two. (the negotations are slow unfourtantly due to the amount of time it takes for messages to be rought between both capitals.
 * The ottomans invade the Timurid land's near the Black Sea. The Timurids kill thousands of Ottoman soldiers, but Ottoman cannon and handgun's drive off the Timurids.
 * Genoa finishes taking control of Corsica. In Ajaccio, the Genoese and Corsicans sign a treaty making Corsica a territory. Genoa gets all Corsican taxes, protects Corsica, and owns all of Corsica's public land. The changing of the flags ceremony is held.
 * The Swiss Confederacy, created by the Federal Charter of 1291 have begun to extend to other areas around them, most notable is the area of Bern.
 * The new Drassanes Shipyards open in Barcelona, boasting advanced shipbuilding capabilities. The new Armada Castilla is inaugurated with the merging of existing French, Portuguese, and Castillan fleets. An exploration mission is sent to the Canary Islands. Advances in Portugal by Castillan forces are halted by heavy resistance.

1436

 * Genoa finishes rebulking it's military forces after the invasion of Corsica. They open trade to Florence and Milan, and close trade to Turin. They also begin to build large a large cannonade at Ajjacio Harbor, along with a wall that will encompas the city. Outposts are being built around Corsican countryside to keep hold on Corsica.
 * The Dai Viet fleet sets sail on a massive trading expedition. The Dai Viet King officially changed Dai Viet's name to the Empire of Vietnam. The Vietnamese send offers of an alliance to Hanthawaddy, China, Joseon and Japan.
 * Accepted- Joseon
 * Hanthawaddy accepts the alliance, and requests help in the ongoing Burmese War.


 * Nai Thiha returns from his journey, leading to widespread rumours of a mysterious southern continent in Hanthawaddy. However, these rumours are overshadowed by the ongoing war with Ava, with which Lanna and Shan have allied. Binnya Kyan, powerful member of the Wareru Royal House, siezes control of nearby Bengal, marking dynastic union of Bengal and Hanthawaddy and the beginning of Buddhist rule in Bengal. Bengal joins the war against Ava at the end of the year.
 * Negotiations of the merging of the Malmulk and Mali Empire's continues; it seems that the Mali Empire will agree as well as the Malmulks (Mali: Will probaly join due to the surrounding enemies. Malmulks: Due to the trading goods they could aquire). The Agreement will go into place by 1438.
 * Due to intensive trading, Japanese culture is exported to the small states around Tenjikuminato.
 * The Mayans continue sending ships to explore the areas of the Antilles. It also continues expanding southward. However, Mayan armies stop in the Darien forest, which the Mayan generals call "too evil to be a true forest".
 * China begins exploring Tibet.
 * Castile establishes the Libre Escuela Real, which has a campus in every major city in the kingdom, to educate children in a variety of disciplines.
 * Joseon expands more into Russia.
 * To clarify, you know that's part of Ming China right?
 * How? None of your posts ever said you did.

1437

 * Hanthawaddy launches a large-scale invasion of Ava. Surprised and severely weakened, Ava is unable to withstand the attack. Shan and Lanna both continue fighting, making this the largest war in Southeast Asia in centuries.
 * Castile finishes the Portugese campaign, with victorious forces marching to Gibraltar.
 * China demands that all Josean activity in Russia cease or there will be war. Meanwhile, the Kamchatka colony is expanded.
 * OTL Ming China had difficulty defending against the Mongols much less conquering them. If China is to be in a position to wage war, you should probably focus on your Kamchatka colony. Tibet is an organized state which would make colonization implausible.


 * The Vietnamese Emperor begins a construction of a series of universities, and imports texts from all over East Asia. The Vietnames are determined to have the best universities in the region. The Vietnamese fleet makes stops at Hanthawaddy and the Indian states on its way to the Middle East and Europe.
 * Due to lack of funding, Hanthawaddy requests Nai Thiha accompany the expedition.


 * Genoa sends a massive amount of trade ships along with a naval escort to explore the lands to the far east. They find India and stop there to resupply. A few ships return to tell the city that there is land to the east, and the expidition continues.
 * No one knows about the southern tip of Africa yet. Explore first or send by land.
 * The Mayans start trading with the Cuban and Antillian indigenous tribes and start settling colonial posts in a part of Cuba.

1438

 * The Vietnamese start the first cohesive campaign of urban development in the nation's history. The streets of the main cities are paved in cobblestones and widened. Since the Vietnamese Emperor Lê Thái Tông made a trip to Japan the architecture has shown a steadlity increasing Japanese influence. The Vietnamese palace at Hanoi has been renovated in Japanese style. The Vietnamese trading expedition has reached Arabia.
 * Castile launches a trade mission to the east, hoping to foster trade with far away nations. The convoy departs southward towards Africa.
 * Hanthawaddy continues war against the remnants of the Kingdom of Ava who built a stronghold high in the Shan mountains, as well as the Shan and Lanna states. The country develops large, guided slingshots with projectiles which can be filled with gunpowder, lit, and fired at the enemy.
 * The Malmulks continue to map the surrounding area.
 * Japan creates a trading post on the Western coast of India (OTL Indus River Valley)
 * China expands northward in East Asia.
 * England, having built up for many years, attacks the last remnent of France east of Castille's lands. The invasion is swifty and is expected to be over in a few years. English explorers find, in Egypt, a perfect place to build a canal that could easily contact the eastern nations. They claim the area (area around OTL Suez canal) and plan to start digging next year.
 * The Mayans continue improving their navy, and are able to cross the Darien forest by sea, as well as pass the end of the Antilles. A map is made of this "Virgin Land" (OTL northern South America). However, the Mayans don't settle anything, as they think that the Virgin Land is controlled by the "evil forces of the Darién". The fleet that crossed the Atlantic also considers the Atlantic Ocean cursed, and call it "K'as K'ab'Naab'" (literally the "Cursed Sea").
 * Joseon expands more into Russia, looking for more mineral resources. They also tell the Chinese they will not bow to Chinese demands and will continue on into Russia.

1439

 * Hanthawaddy requests support in the Burmese War from nearby China, Japan, and Joseon. Trade disagreements with the Kingdom of Kotte resulted in Kotte joining the Avan side. Chutiya, meanwhile, allies with Hanthawaddy. Hanthawaddy expands its economy throughout the newly conquered and former areas.
 * Japan will support Hanthawaddy
 * Japan explores the wonderful world of SCIENCE! by inventing an early printing press.
 * England begins building the "Suez canal" in Egypt. The canal is estimated to take 10-15 years to complete. Trade after the canal is completed will increase greatly with Asian nations. England builds a small port on one side of teh canal, and will build another on the other side once it is complete
 * Korea grows outraged at the Japanese claims to the Press, and demand an apology.. They also begin developing a prmitive version of the Turtle Ship. They also take Hanthawaddy's side in the war and begin deploying troops to the region.
 * Vietnam pledges to help Hanthawaddy in the Burmese War. They send a force of their most elite soldiers to fight for Hanthawaddy
 * Castile's trade mission reaches OTL Cape Horn. The Armada Castilla launches an offensive on the Marinids.
 * Cape Horn as in Chile? You mean the Cape of Good Hope?

1440

 * The Duchy of Burgundy secedes for the Kingdom of Castille, beacause of the Castillian government having difficulties controlling this virtually-independent territory. The House of Valois is deposed and Charles Varteaux proclaims himself King Charles I.
 * The Malmulks begin to assist the English by sending labor and sharing maps of the surrounding area; the goverment simply announces that it is strenghening there relationship with a foreign nation. Meanwhile, millitary forces begin to quickly advance through the Makurian states and Aloda; the invasion of Ethopia is canclled and instead a coup de etat begins to be planned out. The Malmulk-Mali agreement is scheduled to take place next year.
 * Hanthawaddy, with much foreign aid, takes full control of Ava. Kotte blocks its ports to supporters of Hanthawaddy, leading to further antagonism. The Burmese War continues to rage on.
 * England begins to dig the canal, with mminor progress done this year. They assure the malmuks that the canal will greatly benifit trade in the Malmuks and will cause them to grow wealthy. England solidifies its claim of a thin strip of land that they plan to dig the canal on. A large group of people travel to the other end of the soon-to-be canal and establish Sueza, a town soon to be bustling with trade. England offers an alliance to Burgandy
 * The Japanese send troops to help Hanthawaddy. Meanwhile, they hear talk of the Suez Canal, and plots hatch to trade with England and export Japanese culture to the Westerners.
 * China begins exploring siberia and eastern Europe. They ask to trade with the Portugese.
 * Joseon sends more troops to Hanthawaddy, and win great victories. Meanwhile, they begin exploring Alaska, and find seals and other stuff there, and more exploration voyages are planned.

1441

 * In a desperate attempt to guard against Hanthawaddy, Lanna and Shan invade Prome, effectively dividing the kingdom in two. Hanthawaddy responds with force. In the provinces of Pegu, and Martaban, the war has ceased due to constant occupation by Vietnamese, Korean, and Japanese forces. In those provinces, Hanthawaddy upgrades its economy greatly through production of iron weapons sold to troops of those nations. They do a technological exchange, leading to the development of a simple musket as a combination of Hanthawaddy's slingshot and the East Asian arquebus.
 * Joseon formally invades Lanna and Shan, effectively creating another front in the war for those forces. They also send another exploration party to Alaska, but it is a failure, with half the party dying on the way there.
 * The influence of the Japanese colony Tenjikuminato grows, and Japan is informally ruling of the Bihar-Jharkhand area. The influence of its colony in western India grows as well, giving Japan informal control of the Indus River Valley.
 * The Vietnamese invade the nations of Sumatra. Strategy and infighting caused by Vietnamese spies are more of a factor in the war than firearms. The Vietnamese declare that the new Islamic Vietnamese citizens are free to practice their religion, but not convert new followers. The Vietnamese start the construction of new schools to teach Vietnamese culture and language to their new citizens.
 * Burgundy sends exploration parties to Savoy, to the south. Charles I starts establishing relations with Castille and England
 * Castile's trade and exploration mission to the east reaches Mamluk lands in OTL Arabian Peninsula, and rests and resupplies before continuing eastward.

1442

 * A bout of plague hits Western Europe and the Arabian countries, especially Castille.
 * Don't target random players. Target multiple players at once, and when you do, carefully research it. It would be much more fun for everyone. Also, give Castille a little leeway because they joined late.
 * Joseon begins to send more exploration missions to Kamchatka.
 * Hanthawaddy and its allies proclaim victory in the Burmese War in the Battle of Lashio, after several years of fighting. Lanna and Shan are both annexed by Hanthawaddy. The remaining royal families are exiled to Delhi. Despite Mon victory, small skirmishes between Sinhalese and Mon people in Kotte still exist. Bengal establishes trade with Tenjikuminato.
 * England quickly closes off their ports, using their position as an island nation to their advantage. Brittany suffers greatly, however, with no effective way to close of the borders, Doctors are sent to Brittany and do whatever they can (not very much) to help the sick and dying. Meanwhile, construction on the canal continues. With help from the Malmuks, the canal proceeds faster than planned.
 * Tens of thousands of Castillans die, as scholars attempt to find a cure for the Great Plague, as it has become known.
 * The Aztecs re-appear after a long period of technological improvement. They continue Northward expansion. Meanwhile the Aztecs adopt the wheel from Mayan allies and using thier navy to rapidly take small island in the Gulf of Mexico.
 * In Japan, mathematicians are searching for a device that would easen their lives, coming up with the design for a Pascaline.
 * The Ottoman Empire establishes a colony in Goa, India.
 * (You have not explored the area yet)
 * Manpower continues to be brought to the canal to help with the work. The Malmulks also follow England by also closing there ports. Reasearch for a crue begins and city walls are closed.
 * I don't think you can yet.....
 * Yeah. What you can do is close city walls and research for herbal/folk remedies.
 * China expands in Kamchatka.
 * After a few years of tolerating the Ayutthaya' Ambassador's disgusting lack of tact, the enraged Vietnamese declares war on the Ayutthaya Kingdom. Like the earlier Vietnamese invasion of Sumatra, it is a complete rout by virtue of the experience of the Vietnamese soldiers. The Ayutthaya Kingdom is conquered, and the Vietnamese get a more solid connection with their territory in Sumatra.

1443

 * Hanthawaddy works on consolidating power. A treaty is signed with Kotte, completely ending all conflict, which allows Hanthawaddy to maintain control of the area around OTL Kumpurupiddi, as an economic port. The area is renamed Hporubitoi, a corruption of the Sinhalese name. Mon Settlers in former Ayuthaya grow antipathic against their new rulers.
 * Vietnamese merchants operating in the Mamluk Kingdom encounter their English counterparts of the first time. With the help of a Mamluk merchant who was fluent in Vietnamese, the two parties come to an agreement. The Vietnamese are to send another fleet with laborers to help the English and the Mamluks construct the canal, and a group of Englishmen (including two Catholic priests) are to be sent to Vietnam to familiarize the Vietnamese Emperor with English culture. The deal is sent to the English King for his review. The Vietnamese Emperor recognizes Mon rule over parts of the former Ayuthaya Kingdom. Mon resistance to Vietnamese rule ceases.
 * Joseon begins to send trade missions to as far as the Arabian Peninsula. They also sign a treaty with Kotte, and stop fighting. They reinforce their gains, and pledge to help Hanthawaddy in the future at any time.
 * The Japanese send trade missions west, to England (via the Mamluks), and wish to establish a port for trade there.
 * The King of England sends the party of people to Vietnam, encouraging increased familiarity between nations. work on the canal continues, but will take many more years to complete. for now, a ship can drop of goods in the Red Sea, transport them via camel to an English port on the other side of the Penninsula, and from there on.
 * China expands more in Kamchatka.
 * The Burgundian Army attacks Savoy. The provinces of Bresse and the city of Geneva are under siege.

1444

 * Hanthawaddy and Bengal clean up after the war. They refurbish their economies through the production of trade depots at various points in the kingdoms.