New York (Never Truly United)

New York is a country in the northeastern North America, and is the 27th-most extensive, fourth-most populous and seventh-most densely populated of the former US states.. New York is bordered by Pennsylvania to the south and The Eastern Republic of New England and New Jersey to both the North and South. The state has an international border with the Canadian provinces of Quebec to the north and Ontario to the west and north. The Republic of New York, with an estimated 19.8 million residents in 2015, is often referred to as New York Republic to distinguish it from New York City, the country's most populous city and its economic hub.

With an estimated population of 8.55 million in 2015, New York City is the most populous city in the country and one of the most populous cities in North America. The New York Metropolitan Area is one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. New York City is a global city, exerting a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment, its fast pace defining the term New York minute.

New York City makes up over 40% of the population of New York State. Two-thirds of the state's population lives in the New York City Metropolitan Area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island. Both the state and New York City were named for the 17th-century Duke of York, future King James II of England. The next four most populous cities in the state are Buffalo, Rochester, Yonkers, and Syracuse, while the state capital is Albany.

New York has a diverse geography. The southern part of the country consists of Long Island and several smaller associated islands, as well as New York City and the lower Hudson River Valley, most of which lie within the wider Atlantic Coastal Plain. The large region known as Upper New York consists of several ranges of the wider Appalachian Mountains, including the Allegheny Plateau and Catskills along New York's Southern Tier, and the Adirondack Mountains, Thousand Islands archipelago, and Saint Lawrence Seaway in the Northeastern lobe of the state. These more mountainous regions are bisected by two major river valleys—the north-south Hudson River Valley and the east-west Mohawk River Valley, which forms the core of the Erie Canal. Western New York is considered part of the Great Lakes Region and straddles Lake Ontario and Lake Erie. Between the two lakes lies Niagara Falls. The central part of the state is dominated by the Finger Lakes, a popular vacation and tourist destination.

New York had been inhabited by tribes of Algonquian and Iroquoian-speaking Native Americans for several hundred years by the time the earliest Europeans came to New York. The first Europeans to arrive were French colonists and Jesuit missionaries who arrived southward from settlements at Montreal for trade and proselytizing. In 1609, the region was claimed by Henry Hudson for the Dutch, who built Fort Nassau in 1614 at the confluence of the Hudson and Mohawk rivers, where the present-day capital of Albany later developed. The Dutch soon also settled New Amsterdam and parts of the Hudson Valley, establishing the colony of New Netherland, a multicultural community from its earliest days and a center of trade and immigration. The British annexed the colony from the Dutch in 1664. The borders of the British colony, the Province of New York, were similar to those of the present-day state.

In 1824, New York declared independence from the United States, giving the reason that New York would be better off not staying in the Union as it was unstable, despite the attempts to stop it, the United States could not stop the New Yorkers' desire of Independence and in August, a deal was reached and New York was made independent. In 2001, a referendum on whether New York should keep it's old state flag or adopt the current New York City flag for use as the flag of the whole country to honour the country's Dutch heritage, the voters overwhelmingly voted for the current New York City flag to be adopted, thus, what was the New York City flag became the main flag of the country

Many landmarks in New York are well known to both international and domestic visitors, with the Republic of New York hosting four of the world's ten most-visited tourist attractions in 2013: Times Square, Central Park, Niagara Falls (shared with Ontario), and Grand Central Terminal. New York is home to the Statue of Liberty, a symbol of the country's ideals of freedom, democracy, and opportunity. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a global node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance, and environmental sustainability. New York's higher education network comprises approximately 200 colleges and universities, including Columbia University, Cornell University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, which have been ranked among the top 35 in the world