Revolutions of 1865 (Failed Revolutions)

The Revolutions of 1865 were a series of  political upheavals throughout Europe and the Americas in 1865 affecting over 30 nations and 3 continents.

The revolutions were essentially bourgeois revolutions and democratic and liberal in nature, with the aim of removing the old monarchical structures and creating independent nation-states. The revolutions spread across Europe after an initial revolution began in Spain 6 years prior. Over 30 countries were affected, but with no significant coordination or cooperation among their respective revolutionaries. Some of the major contributing factors were widespread dissatisfaction with political leadership, demands for more participation in government and democracy, demands for freedom of the press, other demands made by the working class, the upsurge of nationalism, and the regrouping of established government forces.

The uprisings were led by a coalitions of reformers, the middle classes and workers, which did not hold together for long. Many of the revolutions were quickly suppressed; tens of thousands of people were killed, and many more were forced into exile. Significant reforms that were a result of the Revolutions included the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, the establishment of Constitutional Monarchies in Scandinavia and the Polish-Lithuanian Compromise of 1866 along with the birth of new nations in South America and Eastern Europe.

Europe

 * French Revolution of 1865
 * 1865 Irish Rebellion
 * Neapolitan Uprising
 * Norwegian War of Independence
 * Swedish Revolution
 * Second Russian Civil War
 * Lithuanian Crisis
 * Hungarian Revolution of 1865
 * Serbian Uprising

South America

 * Colombian Revolutions of 1865
 * Venezuelan Revolution
 * Amazonian Uprising
 * Ecuadorian Uprising
 * First Amazonian War
 * Andean Civil War
 * Second Argentine Revolutions
 * 1865 Chilean Revolution
 * Brazilian War of Independence

North America

 * 1865 Mexican Revolution
 * Dakota Uprising
 * Third American Revolution
 * New Amsterdam Uprising
 * Quebecian War