National Democracy (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)

National Democracy (Japanese: 國民本主義 Kokuminpon-shugi) is the form of government based on the principles of Social Nationalism that conceived by Nagayama Yoshida, the leader of Japanese Nationalist Party. The concept of National Democracy is first proposed by Nagayama on his speech before the Second Session of First National Congress of Japan in 1919. The Constitution of the Republic of Japan on 1921 is the first national constitution that employs this system of government.

According to the principle of National Democracy, all power of one state belongs to the hierarchy of congresses that elected by the population with a national-level Supreme Congress on the top. National Democracy has a similarity with the Communist concepts of soviet republic and democratic centralism. The only difference between two concepts is the congresses within National Democracy does not limited for a specific class, instead all classes within one nation are allowed to participate in the democratic process.

Under the National Democratic system of government, the state organs are divided into three branches (executive, legislature, and judiciary). However, all of three branches, including the head of state, are responsible to the nation-level Supreme Congress. As the supreme representation of the people, this Supreme Congress has all governing powers even above any existing laws, including the national constitution. All decisions taken by the executive, legislature, or judiciary may nullified by the Supreme Congress by simple majority. Therefore, the three branches of the government are not considered as a solid separation of state power. Instead, they are viewed as working political bodies that performing the functions of the Supreme Congress during its recess session.

While the decisions of the Supreme Congress are not required to be ratified by any significant body or person, the power and the functions of the Supreme Congress may checked by the people's congresses at the levels below and the representatives of the Supreme Congress may recalled back to its constituency. One national representative may impeached by the lower level congress by simple majority if the former is considered misusing his/her powers or due to other circumstances.