Republic of Japan Armed Forces (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)

The Republic of Japan Defense Forces (明湄民國防衛軍 Myōmi Minkoku Bōei-gun), is the armed forces of Japan, consists: Established in 1946 as the part of Japanese military re-structurization, the Japanese Defense Forces is one of the largest standing armed forces in the world.
 * Republic of Japan Army (明湄民國陸軍 Myōmi Minkoku Rikugun)
 * Republic of Japan Navy (明湄民國海軍 Myōmi Minkoku Kaigun)
 * Republic of Japan Air Force (明湄民國空軍 Myōmi Minkoku Kūgun)
 * Japanese Volunteer Corps (明湄民國義勇隊 Myōmi Minkoku Giyūtai)
 * Japanese Volunteer Ground Corps (義勇陸隊 Giyu Rikutai)
 * Japanese Volunteer Maritime Corps (義勇海隊 Giyu Kaitai)
 * Japanese Volunteer Air Corps (義勇空隊 Giyu Kūtai)

Personnel and organization
The Republic of Japan Defense Forces numbered 1,621,079 in 2011 and reserves numbered 7,149,752. Conscription remains universal for qualified males reaching age 25. In reality, the RJDF only has 570,000 active personnel, while another 1,1 millions personnel and 7 million reserves serves under the name of "Japanese Volunteer Corps".

The result has been a unique military system. All personnel who serves under Volunteer Corps are technically civilians: those in uniform are classified as special civil servants and are subordinate to the ordinary civil servants who run the Ministry of Civil Defense and to the civilian party cadres who run the Military Bureau of Nationalist Party. All Volunteer Corps a

nd Home Guards personnel are adjudicated under normal procedures by civil courts in appropriate jurisdictions.

Under the principle of dual commands, the Republic Defense Forces formally under the President of the Republic of Japan and the Military Bureau of Japanese Nationalist Party. The President of the Republic is the nominal commander-in-chief of Japanese Defense Forces (or as stated in the Constitution, "the political commander of the National Navy, the National Army, and the National Air Force")..

In the state-level, military authority practically runs from the President to the Chief of Staff of the Joint Staff Council, consisting of the Republic Army (JRA), the Republic Navy (JRN), and the Republic Air Force (JRAF). The Chief of Staff is a 4-star General or Admiral, is the highest-ranking military officer in the Defense Forces and the Operational Authority over the Japanese Defense Forces, with directions from the President of the Republic.

In the party-level, the Nationalist Party copied Soviet methods to control over the Japanese Defense Forces.

First, starting from a certain rank, only a Party member could be a military commander, and was thus subject to Party discipline.

Second, the appointment of Joint Staff Council depending on the Military Bureau of Japanese Nationalist Party. The Militburo, after consultation with other National Front parties, proposes the names of the Joint Staff Council members, so that these people after going through the legal processes can be elected by the National Congress to the Joint Staff Council.

Third, the party placed a network of political commissars throughout the armed forces to influence the activities of the military. The political commissars are the civilian party officials to give them some experience with the military. The political commissar was head of a party cell within the military; however, military membership in the party has been restricted to the lower ranks since the 1960s. Today, the political commissar is largely responsible for administrative tasks such as public relations and counseling, especially in Japanese Volunteer Corps.

In 2011 over 3% of all defense forces personnel and over 80% of all officers in the RJDF are the members of Nationalist Party.

History
The first unified all-Japan military was the troops of Nobunaga Oda that founded on April 24, 1586 or 20th day after Seimei of Uzuki, Haru of 2246 on traditional Japanese calendar. This founding date regarded as the Military Day in Japan since 1881.

Oda Nobunaga's troops consisted of 3,000 soldiers from the ranks of peasant and artisan. Oda's troops revolted against the court of King Jōkai (上皆王) and the forces of Ming loyalist on August 27, 1586. After Oda's troops success to occupy all part of Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu on December 14, 1590, Japan renounced its protectorate status from Ming Dynasty. Prince Kuraishiki-no-miya Kanezuki enthroned as Emperor Go-Mizunoo and Oda Nobunaga appointed as the imperial commander

In 1592, Commander Oda organized a 160,000 army and navy for the conquest of China's Ming Dynasty by way of Korea, after the latter's refusal to allow Japanese forces to march through. Japan completed the occupation of a Korean peninsula in three months.

However, a Chinese army was sent to a Korean peninsula at the behest of the Korean king. Eventually, the supply lines of the Japanese army became overstretched until it became impossible for the Japanese army to maintain the occupation of a Korean peninsula. Due the failure of Japanese invasion, Oda committed suicide in his residences and the Council of State of Japan ordered the forces to retreat from the peninsula.

Under the command of Harushiki Atsuzuma, the imperial commander of Japan between 1622 to 1631, the Japanese military was reorganized from a land-based armies to a maritime-based fleets. In his famous Speech on Suruga Bay, Commander Harushiki Atsuzuma addressed the troops of the real condition of Japanese islands. He stated that the maritime nation such as Japan need a strong navy, instead an army, to retain its own empire. The only way to defend Japan from Chinese occupation, as Harushiki believed, is with the defense of Sea of Japan by the Japanese Navy.

On the behalf of Emperor Saka, Harushiki announced the foundation of Imperial Japanese Fleets that widely regarded as the predecessor of modern Japanese Navy. Harushiki's announcement, famously known as the Proclamation for All Soldiers of Japanese Land Under the Heaven (Japanese: 對於下天明湄地皆兵公告 Tsuiyo Katen Myōmiji Kaihei Kōkō), was called the soldiers to "abandon their horses, their swords, and their spears" and also to "desert their fortress and their clans" in the formation of Imperial Fleets.