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Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité (French) ("Liberty, Equality, Brotherhood") | ||||||||||||
| Anthem | "La Marseillaise" | |||||||||||
| Capital (and largest city) |
Paris | |||||||||||
| Language | French | |||||||||||
| Religion | Catholicism (disestablished 1905) | |||||||||||
| Demonym | French | |||||||||||
| Government | Parliamentary republic | |||||||||||
| Legislature | Parliament | |||||||||||
| President | Albert Lebrun | |||||||||||
| President of the Council of Ministers | Philippe Pétain | |||||||||||
| Population | 35,565,800 | |||||||||||
| Established | 4 September 1870 | |||||||||||
| Currency | French Franc | |||||||||||
The French Third Republic (French: La Troisième République, sometimes written as La IIIe République) was the republican government of France from 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed, to 1940, when the French Third Republic's defeat by Nazi Germany resulted in its replacement by the Vichy France government in the early stages of the Great European War.
The early days of the Third Republic were dominated by the Franco-Prussian War, which the Republic continued to wage after the fall of the Emperor. Harsh reparations exacted by the Prussians after the war resulted in the loss of Alsace-Lorraine, social upheaval, and the establishment of the Paris Commune. Early governments of the Third Republic considered re-establishing the monarchy; however, confusion as to the nature of that monarchy, and who among the various deposed royal families would be awarded the throne, caused those talks to stall. Thus, the Third Republic, which was originally intended to be a transitional government, instead became the permanent government of France.
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