| Anangu Nation Federation of Aboriginal Peoples Aṉangu Timeline: Differently | ||||||
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| Capital (and largest city) | Mparntwe | |||||
| Official languages | Ngaanyatjarra, Pitjantjatjara, Arrente | |||||
| Other languages | Lutriya, Antakarinja, Walpiri and various other Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal languages | |||||
| Ethnic groups | 96% Aboriginal 3% European 1% other/Mavri |
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| Religion | 95% Aboriginal Spirituality 4% Christianity 1% other/none |
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| Demonym(s) | Aṉangu | |||||
| Government | Federal parliamentary republic | |||||
| - | President | Francis Xavier Kurrupuwu | ||||
| - | Chief Elder | Larisa Lee | ||||
| Legislature | Parliament of Aboriginal Peoples | |||||
| Establishment | ||||||
| - | Treaty of Theodora | June 15th, 1889 | ||||
| Area | ||||||
| - | Total | 543,303 km2 209,770 sq mi |
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| Population | ||||||
| - | Estimate | 2010 census 2,335,000 2020 estimate 3,078,000 (147th) |
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| GDP (nominal) | estimate | |||||
| - | Total | 14,835,960,000 $ | ||||
| - | Per capita | 4,820 $ | ||||
| Currency | Aṉangu Arltye | |||||
| Drives on the | right | |||||
Aṉangu, officially the Aṉangu Nation and the Federation of Aboriginal Peoples, is a landlocked, arid, and sparsely populated Aboriginal nation in central Australia. It borders Las Bahías to the north, Mystras Australis to the south, Swania to the west, New Holland to the east, and the Melanesian state of Kingsland to the northeast. Its capital is Mparntwe.
With a surface area of 543,303 square kilometers, Aṉangu is Oceania's sixth-largest country, ranking 51st globally. Its population of 2,435,000 inhabitants makes it the second least populous country in Australia, the eighth populous country in Oceania, ranking only 110th among the world's 153 countries. With only 4.72 inhabitants per square kilometer (or 472 inhabitants per 100 square kilometers), it is one of the the least densely-populated country in the world.
The Aṉangu Nation was officially formed on June 15th, 1889 in a treaty between Mystras Australis, Spain, New Holland, Britain, and the Aboriginal tribes of Western Australia in order to properly establish borders between the settler nations and the central Australian Aboriginal nations.
Prior to the nation's formation, Aṉangu was the name used by members of several Aboriginal Australian groups to describe themselves. The original meaning of the word is "human being, person", "human body" in a number of eastern varieties of the Western Desert Languages (which are in the Pama–Nyungan group of languages), in particular Pitjantjatjara and Yankunytjatjara. Despite its name, there are many Aboriginal groups not part of the Aṉangu cultural bloc, leading to the secondary name Federation of Aboriginal Peoples being coined in 1978.
History[]
Pre-European arrival[]
Prior to the arrival of Byzantine explorer Eutropius Lascaris in 1601, Aboriginals had been living on the Australian continent isolated from the rest of the Eastern Hemisphere for about 50,000 years. Aboriginals are believed to have arrived to the Australian continent through the use of primitive boats.
Due to the Aboriginal tribes not developing a written language, not much has been documented about their history prior to European arrival except for oral stories passed down by generations.
Wars against European settlers[]
Upon the arrival of European settlers in the 1600s, conflict between the Aboriginal tribes of central Australia became almost constant. British mining settlements in East Swania displaced many Aboriginals in the region while the Aboriginals of south-central Australia suffered greatly at the conclusion of the Northern Australite War in 1828, which saw many tribes of the region massacred by Australite forces or forced up north.
The Aṉangu, outnumbered and with less modern technology, would often lose these wars with the settler nations, forcing many tribes into the central part of the Australian continent, which was not sought after by the European powers. The constant state of conflict with the European powers finally came to an end on June 15th, 1839 with the Treaty of Theodora between the tribes of Aṉangu and the European powers. This treaty would formally consolidate the Aṉangu and other regional tribes into a nation state and establish proper borders between the Aṉangu and the other Australian nations.
Aṉangu Nation[]
Struggle for Legitimacy (1839 - 1932)[]
Despite being formally recognized by the Australian nations in 1839, the borders of the Aṉangu nation were often disrespected and unenforced by the other Australian nations. Aṉangu's population, in proportion to the rest of Australia, was small and unable to enforce the large influx of squatters and miners coming from Swania, Mystras Australis, and New Holland. Companies such as the Swanian Newcrest Mining Corporation were also operating illegally on Aṉangu land. This created tension between the Aṉangu and the squatters, leading to violence within the country's borders.
The Aṉangu's inability to enforce its borders created a crisis of legitimacy for the new nation, with many fearing possible annexation by Swania or Mystras Australis following the outbreak of the Great War on the Australian continent. These fears of legitimacy would die down following the treaty between the Aṉangu and New Holland on June 5th, 1932, which established that the Aṉangu Nation's borders would be joint patrolled by the armies of both New Holland and Aṉangu in exchange for Aṉangu becoming New Holland's vassal state.
Later in 1932, Aṉangu formally joined the League of Nations with the support of New Holland.
Cold War, Soviet dependency, tensions with neighbors[]
During the Cold War era, the Aṉangu Nation, while never officially adopting Marxism-Leninism, aligned with the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact due to already existing tensions with the western governments present in Australia. The Soviet Union provided Soviet tanks and weaponry to the Aṉangu in order for the nation to better protect its borders from openly hostile powers such as the Australite Social Republic. During this time, the Aṉangu Nation would also be able to form an alliance with the newly-formed People's Republic of Las Bahías which was aligned with the Soviet Union. Though alignment with the Soviet Union proved to be successful in deterring hostile foes, it alienated other nations which had supported the Aṉangu Nation such as New Holland. As a result, the Aṉangu Nation was politically isolated after the fall of the Soviet Union in 1975.
A train en route to Mparntwe on the Theodora-Puerto del Sol line of the Pan-Australian Railroad.
Reconciliation and joining the Australian community[]
From 1980 onward, the Aṉangu Nation began pushing policies of economic liberalization and privatization in order to develop closer ties to the Australian Economic Community. The Aṉangu Nation began to reapproach New Holland, with Chief Elder Joseph Milbaral visiting Willemsburg in 1978, the first time a Chief Elder visited Willemsburg in nearly 30 years. On June 7th, 1980, Aṉangu would once again adopt the New Hollander guilder as the nation's official currency, moving away from the Soviet ruble.
Going into the 21st century, the Aṉangu Nation would be able to rejoin the Australian community, joining the Australian Economic Community in 2002 and assisting in fortifying the Aṉangu-Bahían border along with New Hollander troops during the Bahían Civil War. Despite experience economic growth and infrastructure development, it has come at the cost of the Aṉangu Nation taking on a lot of debt, with the Aṉangu Debt Crisis being a serious issue affecting the nation since the early 2010s. Due to the debt crisis, Aṉangu has experienced a stagnated GDP, only made worse following the 2017 Hantavirus Pandemic which interrupted the nation's tourist industry. Despite the debt crisis, investors have slowly begun to return to the Aṉangu Nation with GDP going up in the year 2020, the first time the GDP went up in 8 years.
Francis Xavier Kurrupuwu, current President of the Aṉangu Nation
Government and Politics[]
The Aṉangu Nation is a federal parliamentary republic. The Head of State is the President, who largely handles symbolic actions within the nation and is appointed by Parliament. The Head of Government is the Chief Elder, who handles running the government and is the highest-ranking member of the Parliament. The title of Chief Elder was adopted in 1900 and refers to how elders in several Aboriginal tribes held high status as authority figures.
The capital of the Aṉangu Nation is Mparntwe.
Uluru, the most popular tourist destination in the Aṉangu Nation
Economy[]
The Aṉangu Nation's economy is largely based on tourism, with the nation's national parks and natural rock formations bringing roughly 4,000,000 tourists yearly, more than the size of the nation's permanent population. One of the most popular of these destinations is Uluru, which has become an iconic landmark of the Aṉangu nation and is sacred to the Aṉangu people.
Demographics[]
General[]
Age pyramid of Aṉangu in 2023
In 2023 the median age was 18.2. 43.8% of the population was under 15, 52.7% was between 15 and 65 and 3.5% was over 65 years old. According to the 2015 Aṉangu Census, 96% of the Aṉangu Nation's population identified as Aboriginal, with 86% identifying specifically with the Aṉangu cultural bloc. 3% identified as white/European, with the majority being from New Holland and Swania. The remaining 1% identified as Mavri/mixed race.
About 95% of the population practiced Aboriginal spirituality, 4% Christianity and 1% were either irreligious or followed other religions.
People[]
Aboriginal walking on the streets of Mparntwe
The vast majority of Aṉangu population today is Aboriginal, today, they have kept their traditions, although they have received a fair a amount of European influence from the neighboring nations. For example their cuisine today has many similarities with the Bahian and Australite cuisine (for example the dish kaltyi-kaltyi infamous through the Australian lands). The influence can also be seen with music and dances (the Arrurnata instrument and Antjarra Altjira dance). They have also adapted a surname system from Europeans, most of the Aboriginal surnames today today are of Aboriginal language origin (Pitjantjatjara surname "Tjilpatjuta" translates to Wild Eagle) but some have adapted European ones.
See also[]
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