En unión y libertad ("In Unity and Freedom") | |||||||
| Anthem | "Himno Nacional Argentino" | ||||||
| Capital | San Martín | ||||||
| Largest city | Buenos Aires | ||||||
| Other cities | Córdoba Rosario Salta | ||||||
| Language | Castilian | ||||||
| Religion | Secular state | ||||||
| Demonym | Argentine | ||||||
| Government | Federal presidential constitutional republic | ||||||
| President | Alberto Fernandez | ||||||
| Area | 1,796,636 km² | ||||||
| Population | 38,902,616 | ||||||
| Established | Constitution of 1853 1 May 1853 | ||||||
| Independence | from Spanish Empire | ||||||
| declared | 9 July 1816 | ||||||
| Currency | Argentinian peso | ||||||
| Time Zone | UTC-3 | ||||||
| Driving Side | Right | ||||||
| Internet TLD | .ar | ||||||
| Organizations | Society of Nations, Pan American League, OIAS, Hispanidad | ||||||
The United Provinces of Argentina (Spanish: Provincias Unidas de Argentina), is a country localized in the southern part of South America. It shares borders with the Andine Confederation to the north, Brazil to the northeast, the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast, Patagonia to the south and Chile to the west. The capital is San Martín, while the most populous city is Buenos Aires.
Formed under the United Provinces of Río de la Plata, it was succeeded by the Argentine Confederation, in practice being led by Juan Manuel de Rosas. Rosas was overthrown after the Unitarian victory in the civil war. During the 1870s, Argentina and Chile formed an alliance against the United Kingdom and the Andine Confederation at the War of the Deserts, which after losing, renounced their claim in the Patagonian region. The defeat prompted the rise of Solano López to power in Argentina, leading the country in the Missions War against Brazil between 1888 and 1892. Argentina's current territory settled in 1935 after the Chaco War where Argentina held the Province of Pilcomayo against the Andine Confederation.
The contemporary history of Argentina is considered to have started in 1946, with the election of radical President José Tamborini. During the Cold War, it mostly had a pro-Western allegiance, apart from socialist governments. After an era of alternation between the UCR and the Federal Party, between the late 1970s and the early 1990s, the country stood in a conservative era. The early 2000s saw the rise of socialists, radicals and neoliberals into Congress. The 2010s saw the rise of an economic and political crisis in Argentina.
Argentina is a regional power and an emergent great power in international affairs. It is also a developing country that ranks 46th in the Human Development Index. It maintains the second-largest economy in South America, and is a member of G20. Argentina is also a founding member of the Society of Nations, World Bank, World Trade Organization and the Pan-American League.
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