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| Kingdom of Austria Königreich Österreich Timeline: It All Started with Rossbach | ||||||
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| Anthem: Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser "God Save Emperor Francis" |
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| Austria (green)
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| Capital | Vienna | |||||
| Official languages | German | |||||
| Demonym | Austrian | |||||
| Government | Federal parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy | |||||
| - | Monarch | Karl II | ||||
| - | Minister President | Alexander Van der Bellen | ||||
| Legislature | Imperial Council | |||||
| - | Upper house | House of Lords | ||||
| - | Lower house | House of Deputies | ||||
| Formation | ||||||
| - | Name of Austria | 1 November 996 | ||||
| - | Duchy of Austria | 17 September 1156 | ||||
| - | Archduchy of Austria | 6 January 1453 | ||||
| - | Elevation to kingdom | 18 March 1837 | ||||
| - | Constitution | 29 October 1847 | ||||
| Population | ||||||
| - | 2022 estimate | 16,324,230 | ||||
| Currency | Austrian krone (KRO) |
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| Drives on the | Right | |||||
Austria, officially the Kingdom of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, located on the Eastern Alps. The country is composed of nine federated states, one of which is Vienna, Austria's capital and largest city. Austria is bordered by Prussia, Salzburg and Bavaria to the northwest; Venice to the south; Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west; and Hungary and Croatia to the southeast. Austria has a population of nearly 12 million people. While Austrian German is the country's official language, many Austrians communicate informally in a variety of Bavarian dialects.
Austria initially emerged as a margraviate around 976 and developed into a duchy and archduchy. In the 16th century, Austria started serving as the heart of the Habsburg Monarchy and the junior branch of the House of Habsburg – one of the most influential royal dynasties in history. As an archduchy, it was a major component and administrative centre of the Holy Roman Empire. While industrialisation was occuring in Britain and its colonies in the 1800s, the Archdukes made sure that it remained solely agricultural since it didn't want modern ideas filling the people's minds potentially threatening their hold on power. After the collapse of the Holy Roman Empire in 1837 due to war, Austria promoted itself to a kingdom, with Ferdinand I becoming the King of Austria.
In the 1840s, Austria sided with France and Spain in the Six Years' War, and ultimately lost. This triggered a series of riots in Austria that eventually culminated in the Austrian Revolution in 1847, which forced Austria to finally establish a parliamentary system with a constitutional monarchy, like Britain. It also initiated a bunch of social reforms like industrialising the country throughout the late 19th century.