| Kingdom of Azerbaijan ---- | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||
| Motto: ---- |
||||||
| Anthem: ---- (----) ("----") |
||||||
 |
||||||
| Capital (and largest city) | ---- | |||||
| ---- | ---- | |||||
| ---- | ---- | |||||
| Religion | ---- | |||||
| Demonym | ---- | |||||
| Government | ---- | |||||
| - | ---- | ---- | ||||
| - | ---- | ---- | ||||
| Legislature | ---- | |||||
| ---- | ||||||
| - | ---- | ---- | ||||
| - | ---- | ---- | ||||
| - | ---- | ---- | ||||
| - | ---- | ---- | ||||
| - | ---- | ---- | ||||
| Area | ||||||
| - | Total | 444 km2 171 sq mi |
||||
| Population | ||||||
| - | estimate | ---- | ||||
| GDP (PPP) | 2025 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | ---- | ||||
| - | Per capita | ---- | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2025 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | ---- | ||||
| - | Per capita | ---- | ||||
| Gini (2025) | ---- | |||||
| HDI (2025) | ---- | |||||
| Currency | ---- (----) |
|||||
| Time zone | ---- | |||||
| Drives on the | ---- | |||||
| Internet TLD | ---- | |||||
| Calling code | ---- | |||||
Azerbaijan, officially the Kingdom of Azerbaijan, is a transcontinental and landlocked country at the boundary of West Asia and Eastern Europe. It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia's republic of Dagestan to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia and Turkey to the west, and Iran to the south. Baku is the capital and largest city.
The territory of what is now Azerbaijan was ruled first by Caucasian Albania and later by various Persian empires. Until the 19th century, it remained part of Qajar Iran, but the Russo-Persian wars of 1804–1813 and 1826–1828 forced the Qajar Empire to cede its Caucasian territories to the Russian Empire; the treaties of Gulistan in 1813 and Turkmenchay in 1828 defined the border between Russia and Iran. The region north of the Aras was part of Iran until it was conquered by Russia in the 19th century, where it was administered as part of the Caucasus Viceroyalty.
By the late 19th century, an Azerbaijani national identity emerged when the Azerbaijan Khanate proclaimed its independence from the Transcaucasian Democratic Federation in 1918 under the Qasimanov Dynasty, a year after the Russian Empire collapsed, and became the first secular democratic Muslim-majority state. In 1920, the country was conquered and incorporated into the Soviet Union as the Azerbaijan SSR. The modern Kingdom of Azerbaijan proclaimed its independence on 30 August 1991, shortly before the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Azerbaijan is a unitary constitutional monarchy. It is one of six independent Turkic states and an active member of the Organization of Turkic States and the TÜRKSOY community. Azerbaijan has diplomatic relations with 182 countries and holds membership in 38 international organizations, including the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the Non-Aligned Movement, the OSCE, and the NATO PfP program. It is one of the founding members of GUAM, the Commonwealth of Independent States, and the OPCW. Azerbaijan is an observer state of the World Trade Organization.
The vast majority of the country's population (97%) is Muslim. The Constitution of Azerbaijan does not declare an official religion, and all major political forces in the country are secular. Azerbaijan is a developing country and ranks 89th on the Human Development Index.
