Barbary Crusade (Merveilles des Morte)

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Barbary Crusade
Part of Crusades in Northern Africa
Muslim and Crusader forces at the Battle of Gergis
Date May 1424 - March 1435 Location Ifriqiya Result Pact of Tunis Victory Treaty of Tunis Tripolitania collapses End of crusades in the Middle Ages
Belligerents
Hafsid Caliphate Béjaïa Emirate Wattasid Kingdom Kingdom of Tlemcen Nasr Sultanate Mali Empire Banu Sulaym Various Bedoin tribes	Kingdom of Tripolitania Order of Bari Empire of Hispania Latin Empire Papal States Kingdom of France (until 1425) Kingdom of Arles (since 1430) Holy Roman Empire (since 1431) Kingdom of Scotland (since 1431) Swiss Confederacy (since 1432) Kingdom of Iceland (since 1433) Cyprus (since 1434)
Commanders and leaders
Caliph Abu al-Aziz II General Malik Al-Najm Sultan Adnaan al-Aziz Sultan Mehmet II Sultan Abu General Berrada Sultan Abu Abdallah II Sultan Abu Abbas Ahmad I Sultan Abu Muslim Sultan Mahmud ibn Muslim Emperor Musa II Emperor Mohammed II	King Sigismund † Headmaster Philippe King Francis III Commander Dante de Catania Commander Juan de Roses Emperor Marcus Pope Martin V Pope Victor V King William I King William VI Emperor Sigismund Emperor John King Edward III Count Ulrich VII King Ólaf IV
Strength
14,000 7,000 8,000 4,000 11,000 3,000 3,000 Bedoins Total: 50,000	10,000 25,000 2,000 19,000 9,000 16,500 10,000 2,000 6,000 40,000 Total: 130,500
Casualties and losses
Total: 30,000	Total: 70,000

The Barbary Crusade (Italian: Crociata di Barbary; Spanish: Cruzada de Berbería), known in the Muslim world as the Libyan Jihad (Arabic: الجهاد لوبيا "al-Jihād Lībiyā"), and commonly referenced as The Great African Crusade was a religious conflict in the early 15th century between the crusader kingdom of Tripolitania and the Berber Hafsid Caliphate. Although the conflict initially began as an attack on Berber piracy near the coast of the Béjaïa Emirate by Tripolitania, tensions escalated with the landing of Crusaders near Béjaïa and the Hafsid dynasty declaring Jihad against Tripolitania.  

Seen as the successor to the Libyan Crusade, the Barbary Crusade wouldn't exist as an official crusade until 1432 when Pope Victor V called all Christian nations into crusade to help Tripolitania after the Berber armies came close to it's capital, Tripoli. Within that same year, nearly 30,000 total crusader forces stood at Tripoli, being the one of the largest active armies ever built in African history up to that point, as well as causing the ruination the local economy Tripoli and much of the kingdom itself. The most famous battle from the war, the Last Stand at Sabratah, would take place later in that same year, as the large crusader army encircled roughly 19,000 Berber forces, led by by General Malik Al-Najm, at Sabratah, one of the three ancient Roman Tripoli cities.

Footnotes