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| Republic of the United States of Brazil República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil Timeline: Victory to the Rising Sun
OTL equivalent: Brazil | ||||||
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| Motto: Ordem e Progresso "Order and Progress" |
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| Anthem: Brazilian National Anthem |
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 Brazil (green)
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| Capital | Brasília | |||||
| Largest city | São Paulo | |||||
| Official languages | Portuguese | |||||
| Regional languages | 21 languages | |||||
| Demonym | Brazilian | |||||
| Government | Federal presidential republic | |||||
| - | President | Aécio Neves | ||||
| - | Vice President | Eduardo Leite | ||||
| Legislature | National Congress | |||||
| - | Upper house | Federal Senate | ||||
| - | Lower house | Chamber of Deputies | ||||
| Independence from Portugal | ||||||
| - | Declared | 7 September 1822 | ||||
| - | Recognized | 29 August 1825 | ||||
| - | Republic | 15 November 1889 | ||||
| - | Current constitution | 18 September 1946 | ||||
| Currency | Cruzeiro | |||||
| Date formats | dd/mm/yyyy (CE) | |||||
| Drives on the | right | |||||
| Calling code | +55 | |||||
Brazil, officially the Republic of the United States of Brazil or simply United States of Brazil, is the largest and easternmost country in South America and in Latin America. Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area and the seventh most populous. Its capital is Brasília, and its most populous city is São Paulo. The federation is composed of the union of the 26 states and the Federal District. It is the only country in the Americas to have Portuguese as an official language. Brazil is one of the most multicultural and ethnically diverse nations, due to over a century of mass immigration from around the world.
Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a coastline of 7,491 kilometers (4,655 mi). It borders all other countries and territories in South America except Ecuador and Chile and covers roughly half of the continent's land area. Its Amazon basin includes a vast tropical forest, home to diverse wildlife, a variety of ecological systems, and extensive natural resources spanning numerous protected habitats. This unique environmental heritage positions Brazil at number one of 17 megadiverse countries. The country's natural richness is also the subject of significant global interest, as environmental degradation (through processes like deforestation) has direct impacts on global issues like climate change and biodiversity loss.
The territory which would become known as Brazil was inhabited by numerous tribal nations prior to the landing of explorer Pedro Álvares Cabral in 1500. Then, the land was claimed for the Portuguese Empire. Brazil remained a Portuguese colony until 1808, when the capital of the empire was transferred from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro. In 1815, the colony was elevated to the rank of kingdom upon the formation of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves. Independence was achieved in 1822 with the creation of the Empire of Brazil, a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system. The ratification of the first constitution in 1824 led to the formation of a bicameral legislature, now called the National Congress. Slavery was abolished in 1888. The country became a presidential republic in 1889 following a military coup d'état, which later established a oligarchic but unstable First Brazilian Republic in 1894, later superseded by the authoritarian regime of the Second and Third Republic under the leadership of Getúlio Vargas until his deposition in 1945. Brazil's current constitution, formulated in 1946, defines it as a democratic federal republic.
Brazil is a regional and middle power that is an emerging power and a major non-NATO ally of the United States. Categorised as a developing country with a high Human Development Index, Brazil is considered an advanced emerging economy, having the ninth largest GDP in the world by nominal, and _____ by PPP measures—the largest in Latin America. Considered as an upper-middle income economy by the World Bank and a newly industrialized country, Brazil has the largest share of global wealth in South America and is one of the world's major breadbaskets, being the largest producer of coffee for the last 150 years. Brazil is a founding member of the United Nations, the G20, BRICS, G4, Mercosul, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the Community of Portuguese Language Countries. Brazil is also an observer state of the Arab League.
History[]
For a chronological guide, see Timeline of Brazilian history.
Pre-colonial era[]
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Portuguese colonization[]
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Contemporary era[]
Main articles: History of Brazil since 1945
Following the Allied victory in 1945 and the end of the World War II in Europe, [UNDER PROGRESS]
Government and politics[]
The form of government is a democratic federative republic, with a presidential system. The president is both head of state and head of government of the Union and is elected for a four-year term, with the possibility of re-election for a second successive term. The current president is Aécio Neves. The President appoints the Ministers of State, who assist in government.
Legislative houses in each political entity are the main source of law in Brazil. The National Congress is the Federation's bicameral legislature, consisting of the Chamber of Deputies and the Federal Senate. Judiciary authorities exercise jurisdictional duties almost exclusively. [More to come...] and Freedom House classified it as a free country at Freedom in the World report.
For most of its democratic history, Brazil has had a multi-party system, with proportional representation. Voting is compulsory for the literate between 18 and 70 years old and optional for illiterates and those between 16 and 18 or beyond 70. The country has around __ registered political parties. _____ political parties are represented in Congress. It is common for politicians to switch parties, and thus the proportion of congressional seats held by particular parties changes regularly.
Law[]
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Culture[]
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