| Brazilian–Dutch War | |||||||||
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 Capitulation of Stabroek. |
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| Belligerents | |||||||||
  BrazilArawak Kalina Palikur Wayampi Supported by:  United Kingdom Venezuela
|  Netherlands
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| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
| José Fructuoso Rivera (President, 1829-1835) Antônio Paes de Barros (President, 1835-1838) Bernardo Lobo de Sousa Joaquim Marques Lisboa
| William I Baron Evert Ludolph van Heeckeren
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| Strength | |||||||||
| 40,000 Brazilians 7 ships | 20,000 Dutch 9 ships |
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| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| 19,000 soldiers and civilians | 8,000 soldiers and civilians | ||||||||
| 27,000 dead | |||||||||
The Brazilian–Dutch War was a conflict fought between Brazil and indigenous allies and the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. The war began in 26 February 1833 when the Netherlands declared war, formally ending with the Treaty of Belém, which the Netherlands relinquished its claims in the Guyana region, which was annexed by Brazil. The war is considered detrimental to both sides, sometimes even considered a Pyrrhic victory for Brazil, since the effects of the war joined by an economic crisis and social unsatisfaction led to the Sabinada Revolution in Brazil, while the Netherlands would lose Wallonia (the French-speaking regions in the country), thus dissolving the United Kingdom.
Throughout the 1820s the tensions between Brazil and the Netherlands over the Guyana region were already rising. The major casus belli was the interception followed by a capture of a Dutch vessel in Brazilian waters. Brazil also received weaponry, supplies, and financial support from the United Kingdom while it also received a diplomatic support of the recently-formed Venezuela.
As slavery was abolished in Brazil at federal level in 1816, while the Netherlands maintained an slave territory in South America. The following years prior to the war, various slaves escaped to the Brazilian borders, and even the Brazilian government sponsored underground routes, sometimes all around South America. The first clash between Dutch settlers and Brazilians happened in 1827, with the Clash of Settlers, in which the tensions between Brazil and the Netherlands started to rise.
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