Brazilian general election, 2018 (President Alckmin)

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Brazil General Election, 2018
Octuber 7, 2018 Octuber 28, 2018
Nominee		Geraldo Alckmin	Fernando Haddad
Party		PSDB	PT
Home state		São Paulo	São Paulo
Running mate		Ana Mélia Lemos	Manuela d'Ávila
States carried		15+D.F	11
Popular vote		60,855,122	49,220,001
Presidential election results map.

The Brazilian presidential election, 2018 was held in 2018 with two rounds of balloting in conjunction with elections to the National Congress, state governorships. As no candidate in the presidential election received more than 50% of the vote in the first round on October 7, 2018, the second-round runoff was held on October 28, 2018.

The election occurred during a tumultuous time in Brazilian politics. Narrowly re-elected in 2014, President Dilma Rousseff of the centre-left Workers’ Party (PT), which has dominated Brazilian politics since 2002, was impeached in 2016.

Candidate and former governor of São Paulo, Geraldo Alckimin entered the race as the center-right candidate of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party. Neves, who previously served as a popular São Paulo governor, had already been a presidential candidate in 2006 by the PSDB. On his ticket, he had Ana Amélia Lemos from PP as his vice-candidate. Former President Lula da Silva, once considered one of the most popular politicians in the world, intended to run for president as the candidate of the PT with former Mayor of São Paulo Fernando Haddad as his running-mate. Polling taken during the campaign found Lula as the favorite in both the first and second rounds of the election However, Lula's 2017 conviction on corruption charges barred him from running. Haddad, who was largely unknown to Brazilian voters at the time, was chosen to run in his place, with Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB) deputy Manuela d’Avila of Rio Grande do Sul serving as his running mate.

Background

Dilma Rousseff celebrating re-election in 2014

The 2014 elections saw Workers' Party candidate Dilma Rousseff reelected as President in the second round with 51.6% of the vote, defeating Aécio Neves of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party who received 48.4% of the vote. Rousseff had first been elected in the 2010 elections, succeeding her political mentor, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, who was in office from 2003 until 2011.

However, on 3 December 2015, impeachment proceedings against Rousseff were officially accepted by the Chamber of Deputies. On 12 May 2016, the Federal Senate temporarily suspended Rousseff's powers and duties for up to six months or until the Senate reached a verdict: to remove her from office if found guilty or to acquit her from the crimes charged. Vice President Michel Temer, of the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party, assumed her powers and duties as Acting President of Brazil during the suspension. On 31 August 2016, the Senate voted 61–20 in favor of impeachment, finding Rousseff guilty of breaking budgetary laws and removing her from office. Critics of the impeachment saw it as a legislative coup d'état. Vice President Temer succeeded Rousseff as the 37th President of Brazil. His government implemented policies that contradicted the platform on which Rousseff's Workers Party had been elected, in one of the most controversial and politically-heated periods of modern Brazilian history.

Temer was barred from running for a full term in 2018. He had been convicted of campaign law violations in 2016, and was banned from holding any political office for eight years. He was likely ineligible for a full term in any case due to the manner in which constitutional provisions on term limits are worded. The constitution stipulates that if the Vice President becomes Acting President for any reason, it counts toward the limit of two consecutive terms. This applies even when the Vice President becomes Acting President whenever the President is abroad.

Candidates

#		Party/coalition	Presidential candidate		Political office(s)	Vice-Presidential candidate
	45	To unite Brazil PSDB, DEM, PP, PR, PRB, SD, PTB, PSD, PPS		Geraldo Alckmin (PSDB)	Governor of São Paulo (2001-2006; 2011 - 2018)		Ana Amélia Lemos (PP)
	13	The People Happy Again PT, PROS, PCdoB		Fernando Haddad (PT)	51st Mayor of São Paulo (2013–17)		Manuela d'Ávila (PCdoB)

Candidates failing to make runoff

#		Party/coalition	Presidential candidate		Political office(s)	Vice-Presidential candidate
	12	Sovereign Brazil PDT, AVANTE		Ciro Gomes (PDT)	Governor of Ceará (1991–94) and Federal Deputy for Ceará (2007–11)		Kátia Abreu (PDT)
	15	This is the Solution MDB, PHS		Henrique Meirelles (MDB)	Minister of Finance (2016–2018) and former President of the Central Bank of Brazil (2003–11)		Germano Rigotto (MDB)
	16	United Socialist Workers' Party (PSTU)		Vera Lúcia (PSTU)	Labor organizer		Hertz Dias (PSTU)
	17	Brazil Above Everything, God Above Everyone PSL, PRTB		Jair Bolsonaro (PSL)	Governor of São Paulo (2001–06, 2011–18)		Hamilton Mourão (PRTB)
	18	United to Transform Brazil REDE, PV		Marina Silva (REDE)	Senator for Acre (1995–2011)		Eduardo Jorge (PV)
	19	Real Change PODE, PSC, PTC, PRP		Alvaro Dias (PODE)	Senator for Paraná (1983–87, 1999–2018)		Paulo Rabello de Castro (PSC)
	27	Christian Democracy (DC)		José Maria Eymael (DC)	Federal Deputy for São Paulo (1986–95)		Helvio Costa (DC)
	30	New Party (NOVO)		João Amoêdo (NOVO)	President of NOVO (2015–17)		Christian Lohbauer (NOVO)
	50	Let's Go Without Fear of Changing Brazil PSOL, PCB		Guilherme Boulos (PSOL)	Professor at University of São Paulo, coordinator of the Homeless Workers' Movement activist, and writer.		Sônia Guajajara (PSOL)
	51	Patriota (PATRI)		Cabo Daciolo (PATRI)	Federal Deputy for Rio de Janeiro (2015–2019)		Suelene Balduino Nascimento (PATRI)
	54	Free Homeland Party (PPL)		João Vicente Goulart (PPL)	State Deputy of Rio Grande do Sul (1982–86)		Léo Alves (PPL)