| Roman Empire of Byzantium Ρωμαϊκή Αυτοκρατορία της Βυζάντιον (Greek) "Romaiki Autokratoria tis Byzantion" | ||||||
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| Motto: Πίστις, Δύναμις, Αἰωνιότης Pistis, Dynamis, Aioniotēs (English: "Faith, Power, Eternity") |
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| Anthem: Πορεία της Νίκης Poreia tis Nikis (English: "March of Victory") Royal anthem: Πολυχρόνιο του Βασιλέως Polychronion tou Basileos (English: "Polychronion of the Emperor") |
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| Capital (and largest city) | Constantinople | |||||
| Recognized Languages | Greek • Latin | |||||
| Recognized Languages | Armenian • Turkish • Kurdish | |||||
| Religion | Christianity | |||||
| Demonym | Byzantine • Roman | |||||
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy | |||||
| - | Monarchs | Paul II | ||||
| - | Prime Minister | Mihal Lazaridis | ||||
| Legislature | Senate | |||||
| Establishment | Formation | |||||
| - | Roman Empire | 16 January 27 BC | ||||
| - | Empire Split | 17 January 395 | ||||
| - | Reign of Justinian | 1 April 527 | ||||
| - | Reign of Basil II | 10 January 976 | ||||
| - | Komnenian restoration | 1 April 1081 | ||||
| - | Sack of Constantinople | 12 April 1204 | ||||
| - | First Restoration | 25 July 1261 AD | ||||
| - | Fall of Constantinople | 29 May 1453 | ||||
| - | Ionian Pentarchy | 20 July 1483 | ||||
| - | Unification of the roman pentarchy and Greece |
27 May 1832 | ||||
| - | Second Restoration | 24 June 1920 | ||||
| - | Current Constitution | 15 October 1933 | ||||
| Area | ||||||
| - | Total | 314,671 km2 121,495 sq mi |
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| Population | ||||||
| - | estimate | 55,103,000 | ||||
| GDP (PPP) | 2025 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $824.9 billion | ||||
| - | Per capita | $30,926 | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2025 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $643.4 billion | ||||
| - | Per capita | $11,674 | ||||
| Gini (2025) | 31.0 | |||||
| HDI (2025) | 0.899 | |||||
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
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| Time zone | UTC+3 (RBT) | |||||
| Drives on the | Right | |||||
| Internet TLD | .ee | |||||
| Calling code | +301 | |||||
Byzantium, officially the Roman Empire of Byzantium, also known as the Roman Empire, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Armenia and Turkey to the east; the Mediterranean Sea to the south; and the Aegean Sea, Greece, and Bulgaria to the west. Byzantium is home to over 55 million people; most are ethnic Greeks, while ethnic Turks are the largest ethnic minority. Byzantium has a eastern orthodox-majority population. Constantinople is the capital and largest city. Other major cities include Smyrna, Prusa, and Attaleia. First inhabited by modern humans during the Late Paleolithic, present-day Byzantium was home to various ancient peoples. The Hattians were assimilated by the Hittites and other Anatolian peoples.
