| Plurinational Federation of Canadian Technates In other languages Plurnacia Federacio de Kanadaj Teknatoj (Esperanto) | ||||||
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| Motto: Scio estas potenco "Knowledge is power" |
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| Anthem: Ode to the Oracles |
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 Location of Canada (green)
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| Capital | Haldeman | |||||
| Largest city | Elysium | |||||
| Other cities | Quebec City, Montreal, Laval, Winnipeg, Utakineq | |||||
| Official languages | Esperanto, French, English | |||||
| Regional languages | Danish, Canadian Gaelic, Assiniboine, Russian | |||||
| Religion | State atheism | |||||
| Demonym | Canadian | |||||
| Government | Federal technocratic constitutional republic | |||||
| - | Executive Branch | Council of Magisters | ||||
| Legislature | High Council | |||||
| - | Upper house | Council of Deliberations | ||||
| - | Lower house | Constituent Assembly | ||||
| Establishment | ||||||
| - | Declaration of independence | 7 December 1837 | ||||
| - | Republic proclaimed | 5 June 1838 | ||||
| - | Technocracy proclaimed | 12 June 1930 | ||||
| - | Current constitution | 18 June 1990 | ||||
| Population | ||||||
| - | 2024 estimate | 43,392,102 | ||||
| Currency | Canadian franc (CAF) |
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| Drives on the | right | |||||
Canada (Esperanto: Kanado), officially the Plurinational Federation of Canadian Technates (Esperanto: Plurnacia Federacio de Kanadaj Teknatoj, French: Fédération Plurinationale des Technats Canadiens), is a country located in Columbia. It is bordered by Lavradoria, the United States and Iroquois to the south, the Russian overseas territory of Vifleyem Island to the southwest, and Vinland to the east. It has the world's longest coastline, and as a result is the second-largest country globally. The country boasts a diverse array of meteorological and geological regions. With a population of 43 million, it is densely populated, with half of that population living on the Canadian west coast in urban centers. Canada's capital city is Haldeman, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Elysium, Montreal, and Quebec City.
Indigenous peoples have lived in what is now known as Canada for millennia. Expeditions by Old Norse settlers from Vinland did not succeed in establishing a permanent foothold. Since the 16th century, English, Scottish, Danish, and French expeditions explored, and subsequently settled along the Atlantic coastline. Following a series of armed conflicts, France relinquished almost all of its Columbian colonies in 1763.
Despite English rule for nearly seven decades, loyalty never developed towards them on behalf of the majority English and French populations. As a result, the country declared independence from Henryland in 1837 with the backing of the United States, emerging as a republic. A series of political crises and border conflicts with the United States throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries led to Canada emerging as a totalitarian technocracy in the early 1930s, remaining as such up until Supreme Administrator Joshua N. Haldeman’s assassination in 1952.
While ethnic tensions still remain, Canada boasts a high nominal per capita income globally and it has an advanced economy that is among the largest ones in the world. This is primarily due to its self-sufficient Georgist economy developed during the 20th century. Recognized as a middle power, Canada is known for its strong support of the League to Enforce Peace, which is integral to its foreign relations policies focused on peacekeeping and providing aid to developing countries. Additionally, Canada is a member of various other international organizations and forums.
History[]
Precolonial history (pre-1525)[]
The first inhabitants of Columbia are generally believed to have migrated from Siberia via the Bering land bridge, arriving at least 14,000 years ago. Notable Paleo-Indian archeological sites, such as Old Crow Flats and Bluefish Caves, are among the oldest evidence of human habitation in Canada. Indigenous societies in this region exhibited characteristics such as permanent settlements, agriculture, complex societal hierarchies, and extensive trading networks. By the time European explorers arrived in the late 15th and early 16th centuries, some of these cultures had already collapsed and were only later discovered through archeological investigations. Present-day Indigenous peoples in Canada include the First Nations, Inuit, and Métis. Old Norse settlers arrived in Canada circa 1000, but due to the Little Ice Age, their settlements in modern Markland were abandoned, and many restricted themselves to modern Vinland.
Leif Erikson, a Norse adventurer who discovered modern Canada around 1000.
English arrival in modern Canada took place in 1497, in the area that now constitutes a large Danish majority. The expedition under John Cabot initially set up a colony, but soon abandoned it to move southwards due to trade disputes with Vinland. Subsequently, Denmark-Norway landed several settlers in the region they named Markland, after the Old Norse term which was roughly correspondent to that region. The French began settlements along the Fjernkyst Bay and river. The Danish additionally settled the coastlines of the Erikson Bay, conflicting with English attempts to establish their own territory there.
During the Pilgrim Crusades, much of Canada's modern populated areas were controlled by the Iroquois. These settlements survived until around 1700, when upon order of the French colonial authorities, relations were severed, and the indigenous inhabitants were forcefully massacred and relocated southwards. The Métis, of mixed descent, emerged in the mid-17th century when First Nations people married European settlers, subsequently developing their own distinct identity. Estimates of the Indigenous population at the time of initial European settlement range from 200,000 to two million, with a commonly accepted figure of 500,000 provided by Canada's Commission on Aboriginal Peoples. European colonization had a devastating impact on the Indigenous population, which declined by forty to eighty percent. Several factors contributed to this decline, including the spread of European diseases such as influenza, measles, and smallpox, to which Indigenous peoples had no natural immunity. Additionally, conflicts over the fur trade, clashes with colonial authorities and settlers, and the loss of Indigenous lands to settlers led to the collapse of several Indigenous nations.
New France (1525-1763)[]
Acadia and Canada (New France) were inhabited by nomadic Algonquian peoples and sedentary Iroquoian peoples. These lands, rich in unexploited and valuable natural resources, attracted the attention of all Europe. By the 1540s, French trading companies had been established, and ships were contracted to return with furs. The interactions between the indigenous population and their European visitors during this period are largely unknown due to the scarcity of historical records. Other attempts to establish permanent settlements also met with failure. In 1558, a French trading post was set up on Sable Island, off the coast of Acadia, growing into an area of sheep imports. In 1570, a trading post was established at Tadoussac, but only five settlers survived the winter. In 1574, a settlement was founded at Île-Saint-Croix on Baie François (Bay of Fundy), which was relocated to Port-Royal in 1605. It was abandoned in 1607, re-established in 1610, and destroyed in 1613, after which the settlers moved to other nearby locations, forming settlements collectively known as Acadia, with the settlers referred to as Acadians.
French settlers arriving in Quebec, 1620.
In 1608, King Henry IV sponsored Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Mons, and Samuel de Champlain as founders of the city of Quebec with 28 men. This was the second permanent French settlement in the colony of Canada. Colonization was slow and arduous, with many settlers dying early due to harsh weather and diseases. By 1630, only 103 colonists lived in the settlement, but the population grew to 355 by 1640. Champlain quickly allied with the Algonquin and Montagnais peoples in the area, who were at war with the Iroquois. In 1609, Champlain and two French companions joined his Algonquin, Montagnais, and Huron allies in a journey south from the St. Lawrence Valley to Lake Champlain. There, he played a decisive role in a battle against the Iroquois, killing two Iroquois chiefs. However, Champlain would find himself reassigned to the Island of Thule, which eventually evolved into a territory which bore his name.
The English and Danes established additional territories which were not as successful. French settlers constituted the majority population, but lacked any serious development militarily, making them prone to invasion. England emerged dominant overseas, prompting the French to reinforce their settlements in the Fjernkyst Bay, but these did not prevent the northern half of New France from falling under dominion of England in 1763, during the First Great War. To the south, the territory of Louisiana remained in French hands, as England could not afford to occupy it, facing increasing debts and competition with the Dutch Republic. It was able to seize the Danish territories, however, by 1770.
English/Henrylandic Canada (1763-1836)[]
Following England's victory over France in the First Great War, most of the territory of New France was seized by the English Empire with the exception of the Louisiana Territory. The first few years of English rule in Canada proved controversial, as many French Canadians resented English taxation and English settlers moving into Francophone cities such as Montreal and Quebec. This revolted in a few failed revolts against English rule from 1763 to 1790. Despite being outnumbered by the ethnic French, England was able to maintain order in the colony through an extensive yet costly military occupation and support from the indigenous, Danish, and English Canadians who sought to protect their interests as ethnic minorities within the territory. Even after the Columbian Revolutionary War, the territories stayed English, due to widespread opposition to what was seen as an "imbalanced system" in the United States.
Infighting, politically and socially, paralyzed any attempted reforms by the English government following the independence of the United States. While representation had been granted to the French Canadians in parliament, their elected legislators often vetoed attempts to allow for England to have shipping and docking rights in the territory's ports. Even after the Napoleonic conquest of England in 1805, the territories still remained part of the English monarchy, now situated in Henryland. This was largely due to the fact that while republican and revolutionary sentiment did exist in Canada, it heavily disliked Napoleon's style of governance, especially for its aggressive military strategies and reinstation of slavery. As a generally liberal state, Canada heavily opposed this, as well as the policy of isolationism and submissiveness deployed by Henryland to avoid disputes with France.
Revolution and the early republic (1837-1910)[]
William Lyon Mackenzie, a Canadian revolutionary who served as the first President of Canada (1837-1849).
Subsequently, Canadian revolutionaries increasingly felt entitled to launch their own war of independence against Henryland. The weak economy and ailing government, as well as the seat in Tudor Bay granting significant subsidies to the English colonial population, resulted in widespread social upheaval. The French Canadians and their Danish counterparts viewed the ongoing First Columbian War with interest, and, following an attack by the New Netherland militia in 1837, found an opportunity to declare independence from Henryland. Under the command of Cyrille-Hector-Octave Côté and William Lyon Mackenzie, a republic was declared, and the rebels aligned themselves with the United States to hastily establish a republic. Elsewhere, the Danish populations aligned with the revolt and scuttled or burned a large number of Henryland's vessels on the coast of Markland. The local government was overrun within weeks, overwhelmed by the sheer force deployed by the rebels and their Columbian allies.
Henryland surrendered later that year, effectively allowing the United Republic of Canada to have itself established and recognized as a sovereign state. However, to ensure that a safe buffer existed on the Grotemeren, the Canadian federal government announced its recognition and support to the Iroquois, creating tensions with the United States. Nonetheless, facing mounting domestic opposition at home, the United States complied. Following both the Second Columbian War and the independence of the Grand Confederation of Columbia, the Canadian government refused to recognize the sovereignty of the Confederacy. For this, they became the only former French colony that actively chafed against French imperialism and authority. The French Empire often retaliated with trade sanctions, which proved ineffective due to Canadian trade with various other Anglophone nations as well as the Russian Empire. While trade with the United States was common in the early years of the republic, President Alexander Mackenzie actively restricted trade with the United States in 1868 amid widespread fears that open trade with the United States would result in Columbian economic and political domination of Canada.
A Canadian tractor factory, 1901.
While the early republic was itself democratic, there also existed a number of disparities. The Danish-Canadians often held little representation in the National Assembly and were not actively considered as a serious minority. This culminated in the Marklandic Revolt in 1870, which was suppressed by Candian authorities shortly after it expanded into the nation's southeastern provinces and threatened its trade deposits. Nonetheless, it convinced the government to include Danish as among the nation's recognized minority languages, and an autonomous system of government was instituted for national provinces. As a result, the Danish were granted equal status to the English and French Canadians who otherwise dominated politics. To open the West and promote European immigration, the Canadian government supported the construction of three transcontinental railways, including the Canadian Pacific Railway, enacted the Dominion Lands Act to manage settlement, and formed the North-West Mounted Police to maintain authority over the area. Immigration to Canada primarily came from the unstable English Republic and France, though a small contingent of Kosuto Japanese and Chinese immigrants also moved to Canada to pursue the ongoing gold rush in Western Canada.
This era of westward expansion and nation-building led to the relocation of many Indigenous peoples of the Canadian Prairies to "Indian reserves," making room for ethnic European block settlements. It resulted in the decline of the Plains Bison in western Canada and the rise of European cattle ranches and wheat fields as the dominant land use. The Indigenous peoples experienced widespread famine and disease due to the loss of the bison and their traditional hunting grounds. The federal government provided emergency aid, but only if the Indigenous peoples relocated to the reserves. During this period, Canada also implemented the Indian Act, which expanded governmental control over the First Nations, affecting education, governance, and legal rights.
This period of Canadian politics also saw a two-party system emerge following the fracturing of the Unity Revolutionary Party in 1871 after dominating Canadian politics for 50 years. Two parties emerged in the aftermath of the URP's fracturing: the Conservatives, who were pro-protectionist and represented the interests of English Canadians, and the Federalists, who were pro-integration with the United States and represented the interests of French Canadians. This was the start of a greater emphasis on ethnic politics within Canadian history, as the united front that represented English, French, and Danish Canadians had fractured, and issues such as linguistic expression and provincial autonomy came to the forefront. The Federalists under Ambroise-Dydime Lépine won the first multiparty election in Canadian history, sweeping the 1871 federal election on an anti-corruption campaign that unseated incumbent President Alexander Mackenzie.
Ambroise-Dydime Lépine, President of Canada (1872-1880).
Ambroise-Dydime Lépine, who served as the President of Canada from 1872 to 1880, championed universal suffrage. Canada granted voting rights to minorities in 1879, and women in 1896. Industrialization continued, as did population growth due to economic reforms. The Northern Passage was successfully traversed in 1898, after centuries of failed attempts to do so. Likewise, the government abandoned the assimilation policies aimed towards the Danish populations to the east, allowing for the cessation of the decline of the Danish language in those regions. An attempt by the French Empire to incite a rebellion in their favor in 1909 ended in failure, as Canadian authorities ended what was referred to as the "East Street Conspiracy", arresting those involved. However, economic growth in the western provinces was stunted due to the certification of the borders of Russian Alaska, which the Canadian government recognized. A Georgist economy, modeled after the one seen in the United States, was instituted by 1911 after being championed by Federalist President Wilfrid Laurier. While Canadian politics seemed to be stabilizing going into the 1910s after decades of ethnic conflict and the promotion of coexistence among the tree linguistic groups of Canada by the federal government, the Canadian government and economy would be destabilized by the start of the Third Great War in 1913.
Political crisis and the downfall of the United Republic of Canada (1910-1930)[]
A Canadian war bond poster depicting three French women pulling a plow that had been constructed for horses, 1918.
Canada entered the Third Great War in 1913 following the Confederate assault on the United States, soon afterwards declaring war on France. Canadian forces aided in the defense of Holstein during the conflict's Northern Front, but rarely ever saw combat in France directly. President John Bracken focused on continuing a blockade of French ports globally, which benefited the Canadian economy due to resources being stolen or smuggled from these locations. The economy, despite high commercial prices, grew substantially due to employment in the wartime sector as well as the selling of war bonds. The Navy grew substantially during the war, enough to rival the capacity of both the United States and Scotland. Canada was a founding member of the League to Enforce Peace and assisted in the creation of international committees intended to prevent further conflict. However, these plans would face challenges by a defiant National Assembly, which viewed them as undermining Canadian sovereignty by tying them to the rest of the world.
In the immediate aftermath of the Third Great War, many Canadian veterans returned home shellshocked and the country found itself heavily indebted to Columbian banks which helped Canada finance their war effort and industrialization throughout the 1910s. Growing resentment towards Columbian influence over Canadian affairs and austerity championed by President Esioff-Léon Patenaude strengthened nationalist sentiment in Canada and severely undermined the two-party system present in Canada. More fringe, extreme parties such as Joshua N. Halderman's Technocratic Incorporated Party, the Communist Party of Canada, the Markland Separatist League, and the Canadian Union of Fascists began to pick up seats in Congress and gained momentum while the Conservatives and Federalists continued to decline in prominence. Years of economic stagnation and fiscal irresponsibility from the government in Montreal ultimately culminated in the Great Deflation.
Ernest Lapointe, the last democratically elected President of Canada (1928-1930).
The Great Deflation, beginning in 1927, harmed the Canadian economy, leaving it unable to finance itself. During this period of financial hardship, the Communist Party of Canada emerged as a frontrunning party in the leadup to the 1927 federal election, being able to capitalize on widespread poverty and economic insecurity. Fearing a communist takeover and the total destruction, the Federalists, Conservative, and Technocratic parties merged to form the "United Canada Party" dedicated to preserving the United Republic of Canada. On 12 December 1927, the United Canada Party was able to win a decisive victory over both the communist and fascist parties under Presidential candidate Ernest Lapointe and Vice Presidential candidate Joshua N. Haldeman. Lapointe and Halderman were inaugurated both as the President and the Vice President, respectively, on 5 January 1928.
While the United Canada Party had successfully preserved the republic in the immediate aftermath of the election, the Lapointe administration would be plagued by administration infighting, primarily along ethnic and ideological lines. Economic recovery efforts were complicated by the ethnic divide of Anglo and French Canadians within the Lapointe administration, with Francophone Canadians wanting relief programs to be centered around the Francophone provinces of eastern Canada while Anglophone members of the administration wanted a relief plan focused extensively on western Canada. Additionally, the United Canada Party consisting of Conservatives, Liberals, and Technocrats often led to ideological conflict within the administration and deadlock within the United Canada Party in Congress. Vice President Haldeman, growing resentful towards the political dysfunctionality of the republic, began plotting with members of the Technocratic Incorporated Party, academics, engineers, bureaucrats, and military figures to launch a coup against the republican government. The plotting of this coup eventually became known as the Academics' plot and took roughly 3 years to organize before finally being executed.
Haldeman regime and Canadian technocracy (1930-1990)[]
Rise of Haldeman and political reorganization[]
Joshua N. Haldeman, Supreme Administrator of Canada (1930-1952).
On June 12, 1930, the Academics' plot was executed and the Canadian Secret Service agents who were loyal to Haldeman assassinated Lapointe at his residency in Laval, thrusting Haldeman to the presidency. In his first speech as the President, Haldeman blamed the political and ethnic instability within Canada on "outside agitators" who sought to undermine Canada through its democratic systems. As a result, he announced the indefinite suspension of elections and the formation of a new system of "expert-based governance" to preserve Canada's sovereignty. While protests and popular uprisings occurred in both Lower Canada and Markland, the military remained loyal to Haldeman's government and it was used to suppress these rebellions and allow to consolidate power around Haldeman.
After these series of rebellions were crushed by late 1930, Haldeman announced the reorganization of the United Republic of Canada into the Technocratic State of Canada on December 12, 1930, with the capital being moved from Montreal to Sudbury. The first few months of the newly proclaimed technocracy were categorized by substantive government change, with Congress being dissolve in favor of a Council of Magisters, an advisory body consisting of members appointed by Haldeman himself. On 2 January 1931, Haldeman officially abolished the office of the President and proclaimed himself as the Supreme Administrator of Canada.
Cultural revolution and the Fourth Great War (1932-1946)[]
In 1932, Haldeman announced a new policy programme in an address to the Council of Magisters with the goal of being a new Canadian national identity based around subservience to the state, commitment towards building technocracy, and the transformation of Canada from a fragmented multiethnic republic into a homogenous totalitarian state. The first step that Haldeman took in achieving these goals was declaring Esperanto as the official language of Canada in order to bridge the ethnic division between English and French Canadians. Esperanto classes became mandatory curriculum in Canadian schools while the use of French and English was prohibited in Canadian government buildings.
In 1933, the Technocratic Youth Corp was established with the goal of rallying the youth and college students to support the cultural revolution and the transformation of Canada into a technocracy. The intimidation of dissidents, indoctrination of Canadian youth, the arrest of former politicians of the late republican era, the outlawing of organized religion and conversion of churches into colleges, and mandatory education until the age of 20 became defining features of the early Haldeman regime. Despite the consolidation of the youth under Halderman, underlying economic instability remained a problem going into the mid 1930s due to outstanding debt owed to the United States. This was resolved following the signing of the Pan-Columbian Defense Treaty in 1934. The treaty resulted in the United States forgiving all debt owed by the Canadian government in exchange for Canada entering a mutual defense pact with the United States, mandating that Canada should come to defend the United States if they were to be attacked by a foreign adversary.
By 1940, Canadian technocracy had resulted in the formation of a state-enforced racial hierarchy. The concentration of power in the hands of academics also doubled as racial consolidation of the Canadian state, disproportionately disenfranchising indigenous Canadians, Danish Canadians, and other non-Anglo-French minorities within the country due to the overrepresentation of both English and French Canadians in academia. This system of racial apartheid, coupled with totalitarianism and Haldeman's private admiration for Oswald Mosley led to many political analysts categorizing Haldeman's technocracy as being a proto-fascist state. However, close ties to the United States and the Council of Magisters' reluctance towards fascism led Canada declaring war against the Alliance of Free and Democratic Nations in December 1940 following the Sovereign States of Columbia's attack on the United States.
Canadian soldiers during the Fourth Great War.
On December 7, 1940, both Canada and the Iroquois Nation joined the United States in their war against the Grand Confederation. In his speech to the Council of Magisters on December 7, 1940, Haldeman framed the ongoing war as a conflict between "Franco-Confederate Catholic barbarism and the survival of Georgist technocratic civilization." Over 300,000 Canadians fought in the Columbian front of the Fourth Great War, fighting alongside Columbian forces at Drexel Hill, Nashville, and Richmond. 98,000 Canadian soldiers lost their lives during the conflict, making the ultimate sacrifice to preserve Canadian sovereignty from a Grand Confederation that sought to conquer the entire Columbian continent.
In the immediate aftermath of the Great War, Canada emerged as the most stable economy on the continent, avoiding devastation at the hands of the Confederates like the United States and Mexica had experienced. The Treaty of Novo-Arkhangelsk also proved very favorable to Canada, with Russia selling 90% of the former colony of Alaska to Canada for cheap, giving the Canadian government access to the Pacific coast and giving Canada the world's largest coastline. Nearly doubling its landmass, Canada entered the Cold War as a rising international power.
Early Cold War and the assassination of Haldeman (1946-1952)[]
Going into the Cold War, Canada strategically aligned with the Global Treaty Organization (GTO) in order to bolster economic ties with the United States and Russia. Being undevastated by the Fourth Great War, the Canadian economy boomed primarily due to Canadian state-owned construction firms financing the rebuilding of both the United States and France. Using debt-trap diplomacy, Canada was able to exert influence over both France and Castile throughout the Cold War. During this period, construction grew to be the largest flagship industry in Canada. Using the country's surplus income and revenues, Haldeman began the planning of a "megacity" to be built in the newly acquired territory of Canadian Alaska. The location of this planned mega-city was chosen to be on Kaien Island. Outside of serving as a testament to Canadian technocracy, Haldeman hoped that the construction of Elysium would result in westward migration into the newly occupied Alaskan territories, displacing the ethnic Russian plurality in the region with a loyal Anglo-French constituency. By 1948, Elysium's city center was completed, and settlers began moving to Kaien Island.
While Haldeman has consolidated support among the Anglo-French Canadians, his continued suppression of both Russian and Danish Canadians led to low-level insurgencies resuming in Markland and Alaska during the early 1950s. During his visit to the newly constructed city of Elysium on June 16, 1952, Marcus Hjort, a Danish-Canadian nationalist, would assassinate Haldeman during a speech to the Technocratic Incorporated Chapter of Elysium. The death of Haldeman would plunge Canada into a political crisis as there was no clear named successor to replace him. Within the Council of Magisters, the two
Contemporary Canada (1990-present)[]
Government and politics[]
System of government[]
Canada operates as a federation with a government that is representative, democratic, and republican, based on a presidential system as outlined in the 1841 constitution. This constitution delineates three tiers of government: the federal Union, state governments, and municipal governments. The current president is Leagsaidh Idlout, and the current vice president is Yves-François Blanchet.
The federal legislature, known as the bicameral Congress of the Union, consists of the Senate of the Republic and the National Assembly. The Congress is responsible for creating federal laws, declaring war, levying taxes, approving the national budget and international treaties, and confirming diplomatic appointments. Members of the federal Congress and state legislatures are elected through a parallel voting system that incorporates both plurality and proportional representation. The National Assembly is made up of 500 members, with 300 elected by plurality vote in single-member districts (the federal electoral districts) and 200 by proportional representation using closed party lists across five electoral constituencies. The Senate is composed of 128 senators: 64 are elected by plurality vote in pairs for each state and Quebec City, 32 are first minority or first-runner-up (one for each state and Quebec City), and 32 are chosen by proportional representation from national closed party lists.
The executive branch is headed by the President of Canada, who is the head of state and government, as well as the commander-in-chief of the Canadian military forces. The President appoints the Cabinet and other officers, is responsible for executing and enforcing the law, and has the power to veto bills. The highest body of the judicial branch is the Supreme Court of Justice, the National Supreme Court, which consists of eleven judges appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. The Supreme Court of Justice interprets laws and adjudicates cases of federal jurisdiction. Other judicial institutions include the Federal Electoral Tribunal, collegiate, unitary, and district courts, and the Council of the Federal Judiciary.
Administrative divisions[]
The nine technates of Canada.
Canada is a federal union consisting of nine administrative technates.
| Technate | Capital | Population | Official language |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lower Canada | Quebec | French | |
| Upper Canada | Gatineau | French | |
| Manitoba | Winnipeg | English | |
| Markland | Dronningmølle | Danish | |
| Assiniboia | Swift Current | English | |
| La Ronge | La Ronge City | French | |
| Nunavut | Iqaluit | Inuktitut | |
| Alaska | Novo-Arkhangelsk | Russian | |
| Elysium | Elysium | Esperanto |
Military[]
Economy[]
Under a Georgist economic system, the Canadian economy is characterized by the implementation of a single tax on land values, eliminating most other forms of taxation. This system is based on the economic philosophy of Henry George, who advocated for public revenue to be raised primarily from land rents. The aim is to capture the economic value derived from land, which is considered a common resource, for public use while minimizing taxes on labor and capital. Canada follows a Land Value Tax (LVT), targeting the unimproved value of land rather than the value of buildings or improvements. This shift aims to encourage the efficient use of land and reduce speculation. Based on current data, Canada’s total land value is estimated to be around CAD 250 billion, due to a 5% land value tax. Under a Georgist framework, the CAD 250 billion generated from LVT replaces various other taxes, including income taxes, corporate taxes, and sales taxes.
The introduction of an LVT has a profound impact on the real estate market. By taxing the unimproved value of land, the incentive for land speculation is low, leading to more affordable housing prices and better utilization of urban spaces. Removing taxes on labor and capital is anticipated to spur economic growth. By shifting the tax burden to land values, individuals and businesses retain more of their earnings, leading to increased investment and consumption. A Georgist system also promises various social and environmental benefits. By discouraging land hoarding and speculation, urban sprawl is largely low, leading to more sustainable city planning and development. The efficient use of land preserves natural habitats and reduce carbon footprints associated with long commutes and inefficient land use. Moreover, the reduction in housing costs alleviates issues related to housing affordability and homelessness.
Demographics[]
Ethnic groups and language[]
French Canadians are the plurality ethnic group in Canada, forming around 42% of the population. They are largely concentrated in eastern Canada, forming ethnic majorities in the technates of Upper Canada and Lower Canada. Due to Montreal being the historic capital city of Canada, French has also acted as the de-facto working language of the Canadian government and bureaucracy prior to the introduction of Esperanto in the 1930s. As of the 2020 census, over 70% of Canadians are fluent in French, with 46% speaking it as their first language. The Prairie French, a community of French Canadians that settled in the prairies of La Ronge in the 19th century, are a sub-ethnicity of the French Canadians with their own distinct dialect of French.
English Canadians or Anglo-Canadians are the second-largest ethnic group in Canada, forming around 39% of the Canadian population. They are primarily concentrated in the Canadian heartland in the provinces of Manitoba and Assiniboia. Around 40% of Canadians are fluent in English and it acts as the lingua franca in the Canadian heartland. Scottish Canadians, while ethnically distinct from Anglo-Canadians, also primarily speak English due to the decline of Canadian Gaelic in the early 20th century and the assimilation of Scottish Canadians into English Canadian society.
Religion[]
Education[]
Gender and sexuality[]
Culture[]
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