Chad, officially The United State of Chad (Romanian: Statul Unit al Ciadului, French: États-Unis du Tchad) is a Landlocked Romanian and French-Speaking Sovereign State in Northern Africa, It borders Carthage to The North, Morroco and Ghana to The West, Nigeria to The South, Egypt to The Northeast and The East. Formerly a Region with Many Sovereign and Multiethnic Tribes, The Areas has been United and Colonized by France in The Mid-19th Century, Becoming the Only Northern African Nation to undergo European Colonization, It was a French Colony until 1922 when France gave The Colony to The Kingdom of Romania, It gained Independence after Romania was Annexed by Bulgaria in 1947, After the Last Romanian Monarch (King Michael I, Romanian: Mihai I) landed in N'Djamena and Renamed the City to New Bucharest.
History:
Around 4000 BC, The Climate of The Sahara and The Sahel started to Became Drier at an Exceedingly Fast Pace, This Climate Change caused Lakes and Rivers to Shrink rather Significantly and Caused Increasing Desertification, This, In Turn decreased The Amount of Land Conducive to Settlements and Caused Migrations of Farming Communities to The More Humid Climate of West Africa.
Between the 9th and 18th Centuries, There was a Series of Monarchies centered in The Sahel, The Wealth of The States came from Controlling the Trans-Saharan Trade Routes across The Desert, Especially the Slave Trade with Neighboring Nations. Their Power came from having Large Pack Animals like Camels and Horses that were Fast enough to Keep a Large Empire under Central Control and were also Useful in Battle. All of Those Empires were quite Decentralized with Member Cities having a Great Deal of Economy.
The Sahel States were Hindered from Expanding South into The Forest Zone of The North Akan State of Bonoman and Yoruba Peoples as Mounted Warriors were All, But Useless in The Forests and The Horses and Camels could not Survive the Heat and Diseases of The Region.
Colonial Period:
The Central Region of The Sahel fell to France in The Late 19th Century and was One of Its Four Colonies in The Continent, Together with Equatorial Africa, North Africa and Madagascar until 1922 when French Chad was Given to Romania.
Politics:
Chad has a Multi-Party System: One in Which the Number of Political Parties is sufficiently Large as to Make It almost Inevitable that in Order to Participate in The Exercise of Power Any Single Party must be Prepared to Negotiate with One or More Others with a View to Forming Electoral Alliances and/or Coalition Agreements.
The Monarch (King/Queen) is The Head of State, Currently Margareta I, The Monarch can Dissolve the Parliament, Appoint the New Prime Minister, Veto a Decision, Declare a War and Command the Chadian Royal Army.
The Prime Minister is The Head of Goverment, Currently Mahamat Deby, Who is also The Leader of The Patriotic Salvation Movement (Romanian: Mișcarea de Salvare Patriotică, French: Mouvement Patriotique du Salut) which is The Largest Party in The Chadian Parliament followed by The National Liberal Party and The Social Democratic Party. The Prime Minister can Appoint the New Members of The Parliament, Declare a War and Command the Army.
Political Parties:
Patriotic Salvation Movement
National Liberal Party
Social Democratic Party
Humanist Power Party
Alliance for The Union of The Chadians
USR Plus
Chadian Nationhood Party
List of Leaders of Chad:
Monarchs:
Michael I (1947-2017)
Margareta (2017-Present)
Prime Ministers:
Gheorge Gheorghiu-Dej (1947-1965)
Nicolae Ceausescu (1965-1989)
Elena Ceausescu (1989-1993)
Ion Illiescu (1993-2000)
Idriss Deby (2000-2014)
Klaus Iohannis (2014-2021)
Mahamat Deby (2021-Present)