| Charles Evans Hughes | |
|---|---|
| |
| 29th President of the United States | |
| In office March 4, 1921 – March 4, 1925 | |
| Vice President | Calvin Coolidge |
| Preceded by | Theodore Roosevelt |
| Succeeded by | Robert M. La Follette |
| 10th Chief Justice of the United States | |
| In office February 13, 1930 – June 30, 1941 | |
| Nominated by | Herbert Hoover |
| Preceded by | William Howard Taft |
| Succeeded by | Harlan F. Stone |
| 36th Governor of New York | |
| In office January 1, 1907 – October 6, 1910 | |
| Lieutenant | Lewis Stuyvesant Chanler Horace White |
| Preceded by | Frank W. Higgins |
| Succeeded by | Horace White |
| Personal details | |
| Born | April 11, 1862 Glens Falls, New York,  United States of America
|
| Died | August 27, 1948 (aged 86) Osterville, Massachusetts,  United States of America
|
| Political party | Republican Party |
| Spouse(s) | Antoinette Carter (m. 1885; d. 1945) |
| Children | 4 |
| Profession | Politician, Lawyer, Professor, Judge |
| Religion | Christianity (Baptists) |
Charles Evans Hughes, Sr. (April 11, 1862 – August 27, 1948) was an American statesman, lawyer and politician who served as the 29th President of the United States (1921–1925) and later the tenth Chief Justice of the United States (1930–1941). He is the one of only two person to have served in both of these offices (the other is William Howard Taft).
Hughes was elected by the House of Representatives as the President of the United States on February 1, 1921 after a hard-fought 1920 presidential election where there were no candidate that had a necessary majority of electoral votes. Hughes received 164 electoral votes, but lost the popular vote (34.44%) from Progressive candidate Robert M. La Follette. However, with the support from the Liberals at the House, Hughes was elected President, carrying 22 states on the House. Hughes was the second U.S. president who lost popular vote and elected to the presidency by a contingent election after John Quincy Adams (although Hughes did won plurality of electoral votes).
During his administration, the United States experienced a period of widespread prosperity following the end of World War I, called the Roaring Twenties. Hughes was a staunch supporter of Britain's New Liberalism, an important leader of the progressive movement of the 20th century, and represented the moderate wing of the Republican Party. Despite his progressivism, Hughes reverted many of Roosevelt's radical progressive policies, such as the General Healthcare Service and the Consolidated Federal Insurance.
Hughes initiated the Washington Naval Conference to limit the naval deployment among the Great Powers and avoid conflict in the Pacific in 1921. Similarly significant Kellogg–Briand Pact was also ratified in 1929. The treaty renounced the war as an instrument of national policy in their relations with one another." The treaty did not achieve its intended result, but it did provide the founding principle for international law after World War II.
Hughes stood again for re-election in 1924, but was defeated by La Follette, who was also re-nominated by the Progressive Party, both in electoral and popular votes. After his presidency, Hughes was appointed by President Herbert Hoover as the Chief Justice of the United States on February 3, 1930. Hughes replaced William Howard Taft, a fellow Republican who also formerly been U.S. President and who, in 1910, had appointed Hughes to his first tenure on the Supreme Court. Taft and Hughes are only two person to have served as the U.S. President and the Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.
