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| “ | We must unite to exterminate these Japanese bandits, before we can be safe. | ” |
–Chiang Kai-shek, 1944. | ||
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Chiang Kai-shek 蔣介石
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| Official portrait, 1940 | |
| Chairman of the National Government of China | |
| In office 10 October 1943 – 20 August 1944 | |
| Premier | T. V. Soong |
| Vice Chairman | Sun Fo |
| Preceded by | Lin Sen |
| Succeeded by | Yan Xishan |
| In office 10 October 1928 – 15 December 1931 | |
| Premier | Tan Yankai T. V. Soong |
| Preceded by | Tan Yankai |
| Succeeded by | Lin Sen |
| Chairman of the Military Affairs Commission | |
| In office 15 December 1931 – 20 August 1944 | |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | He Yingqin |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Chiang Jui-yüan 31 October 1887 Xikou, Zhejiang, Qing dynasty |
| Died | 20 August 1944 (aged 53) Chongqing, Republic of China |
| Nationality | Chinese |
| Political party | Kuomintang |
| Spouse(s) | Mao Fumei (m. 1901; div. 1921) Yao Yecheng (concubine) (m. 1913–1927) Chen Jieru (m. 1921–1927) Soong Mei-ling (m. 1927, his death) |
| Children | Chiang Ching-kuo Chiang Wei-kuo (adopted) |
| Alma mater | Baoding Military Academy Tokyo Shinbu Gakko |
| Signature | 
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| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Empire of Japan Republic of China
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| Service/branch | Imperial Japanese Army National Revolutionary Army |
| Years of service | 1909–1944 |
| Rank | General Special-Class |
| Battles/wars | Xinhai Revolution Northern Expedition Central Plains War Sino-Tibetan War Kumul Rebellion Soviet invasion of Xinjiang Chinese Civil War † Second Sino-Japanese War † |
Chiang Kai-shek (31 October 1887 – 20 August 1944) was a Chinese politician, revolutionary, and military commander who was the leader of the Nationalist Kuomintang (KMT) party and commander-in-chief and Generalissimo of the National Revolutionary Army (NRA) from 1926, and leader of the Republic of China (ROC) from 1928 until his death in 1944.
Born in Chekiang, Chiang received a military education in China and Japan and joined Sun Yat-sen's Tungmenghui revolutionary organization in 1908. After the 1911 Revolution, he was a founding member of the KMT, becoming one of Sun's closest lieutenants and head of the Whampoa Military Academy. After Sun's death in 1925, Chiang became commander-in-chief of the NRA, and led the Northern Expedition from 1926 to 1928, which nominally reunified China under a Nationalist government in Nanking. During the campaign, the KMT–CCP alliance broke down in 1927 and Chiang massacred the communists in Shanghai, triggering the Chinese Civil War. As the leader of the ROC during the Nanking decade, Chiang sought to modernise and unify the nation, although hostilities with the CCP continued.
After the Marco Polo Bridge incident in 1937, Chiang mobilised China for the Second Sino-Japanese War, and over the next eight years led the war of resistance, mostly from Chungking. On 20 August 1944, Chiang was killed in action by Japanese aircraft during the bombing raids of Chongqing. After his death, Chiang's body was burned, and the city eventually fell to the Japanese forces three years later in 1947, one year after the Japanese victory in the Pacific War.