| Chinese Civil War | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Belligerents | ||||||||
| UN: United States, United Kingdom of Great Britain, Scotland, and Northern Ireland, France, Republic of China, Republic of Taiwan, South Vietnam, Republic of Korea | People's Republic of China, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, North Vietnam, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics* | |||||||
| Commanders and leaders | ||||||||
| US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1939-1945),US President Harry S Truman (1945-1950), Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, Bai Chongxi, Chen Cheng, Li Zongren, Yan Xishan, He Yingqin, Wang Yaowu, Wei Lihuang, Fu Zuoyi, Liu Chih, Sun Li-jen, Du Yuming, Xue Yue, Zhang Xueliang, Feng Yuxiang (until 1930, King George VI, French President Vincent Auriol, South Korean President Syngman Rhee, Vietnamese Prime Minister Ngô Đình Diệm | Chairman Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Peng Dehuai, Lin Biao, Liu Bocheng, Zhou Enlai, Chen Yi, Deng Xiaoping, Nie Rongzhen, Su Yu, Chen Geng, Xu Xiangqian, Ye Fei, He Long, Ye Ting, Kim Il Sung, Ho Chih Minh | |||||||
| Strength | ||||||||
| ~2,280,558 | ~2,345,667 | |||||||
| Casualties and losses | ||||||||
| ~978,000 UN Estimate/~1,200,000 PRC Estimate | ~1,345,670 UN Estimate/~1,145,000 PRC Estimate | |||||||
| *The USSR supported only with exports of tanks and funding. | ||||||||
The Chinese Civil War was fought from 1 August 1927-1 May 1950. The war involved 11 countries and devastated China.
Background[]
The Chinese Civil War
UN Countries Involved/Reasons For Involvement[]
The United States[]
As the capitalist World Power, the United States had sworn a hardline against the Communists. When the war broke out in 1927, the US initially did nothing about it. In 1937, as the war escalated, president FDR had to do something about it. He sent in 500 US Sherman Tanks into China and had the Nationalist use them as well as fund the Nationaists, but later withdrew the funding due to the outbreak of the Second World War. After Allied victory in WWII, Harry S Truman went back to funding the Chinese Civil War as is continued.
United Kingdom of Great Britain, Scotland, and Northern Ireland[]
After the Second World War, King George VI had to rebuild England. In exchange for money from the US, the UK would send in forces into China to help with the Chinese Civil War.
French Fourth Republic
General mistrust in the communists by the French led to French support of the UN invasion of the PRC. The French sent in at least 32,000 troops into combat.
State of Vietnam (South Vietnam)[]
The ARVN joined the UN in retaliation to North Vietnamese support of the CCP in the Chinese Civil War.
Republic of China[]
The Republic of China was the main belligerent against the People's Republic China. Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek would not stand for communists being in China. In 1937, After the invasion of Shanghai, the Nationalists were losing the war, so the United States led a UN force to push back the PLA. With the entrance of the UN, the CCP (Chinese Communist Party) withdrew and proposed a truce. During the two week period of ceasefire, the CCP created the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国), in which the capital was Beijing. The UN and Nationalists held all territory south of Beijing and the Republic of China (中華民國) was established and its capital, Shanghai.
The Republic of Korea[]
South Korea joined as retaliation against the DPRK support of the CCP.
Republic of Taiwan[]
Taiwan was granted independence in 1937 to prevent a capture of Taiwan. The Taiwanese army later mobilized and attacked the PRC.
Communist Countries Involved[]
- People's Republic of China
- Democratic People's Republic of Korea
- North Vietnam
- Russia*
