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The World in 1960 1st World
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First World powers | Second World powers
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The Cold War was the continuing state of conflict, tension and competition between pro-socialist and pro-capitalist countries, which were often called respectively First World and Second World and represented chiefly by the United States/Western Europe and the Soviet Union/Eastern Europe, that lasted roughly from the end of the Great War in 1918 until the fall of the Soviet Union in 1982, although the exact dates varied from region to region. Many historians consider that the Cold War truly began in the early 1920s, when the first socialist regimes rose.
Sided with the United States were most countries in Western Europe (including its colonies and dependencies), as well as Rhomania, Syria, China, Brazil, among other countries. Sided with the Soviet Union were the Confederation of American Socialist States, Danubia, the People's Republic of Japan, the People's Republic of Persia, North Vietnam, and Colombia. The remaining countries in the world remained neutral, being collectively called the "Third World", a term that later became synonymous with underdeveloped nations.
The last 32 years of the Cold War, the period approximately from 1950 to 1982, was known as the Space Race, in which different countries showcased their technological advancement in spacefaring, eventually leading to landings on the Moon, Mars, and several important astronomical discoveries.
The Cold War was followed by the Sino-American World Order, in which the Soviet Union's main opponents, China and the United States, became the sole superpowers in the world.
Causes and polarization[]
After the Great War, the nations that participated on it were devastated both physically and economically. Even neighboring countries that remained neutral through the entire conflict, such as Danubia, had their economies damaged because they largely depended on trade with the warring powers. As those countries struggled to rebuild themselves, a power vacuum was created in Western and Central Europe. A few years later, the newly formed Soviet Union took advantage over the situation to expand its influence over Eastern Europe and other neighboring regions. At the time, it controlled an extremely large territory and its leaders ruled with much power in their authoritarian government (which became even more repressive when Joseph Stalin rose to power in 1924). Generally speaking, the Soviets were arguably unmatched by any other nation and many considered them the world's sole superpower. Their sphere of influence led to the creation of the People's Republic of Persia in 1924, the radicalization of Austria-Hungary (as explained below) and later to the creation of North Vietnam, the Confederation of American Socialist States, and most of its client states in the 1940s.
Meanwhile, distant countries such as the United States, China, Korea, Brazil, and Egypt, the first three of which were the winning side at the Anglo-American War (1923–26), began to form an alliance that would match the Soviet Union and oppose its ideology. Those nations, united under capitalism, became known as the First World, while the Soviet sphere of influence was called the Second World. Fearing the threatening expansion of the Eastern bloc, Central and Western European nations aligned themselves with the First World by the late 1920s.
Danubia becomes socialist[]
Main Article: Socialist Danubia
In the earlier years of the Cold War, approximately from 1918 to 1925, Western and Central European powers were attempting at all costs to recover its damaged economies and reconstruct its cities. During this period, Danubia was getting closer to Germanic nations, and the creation of the Germanic League and the adoption of Teedish as the official language later in the 1940s proved an efficient way to unite the country's multiple ethnicities, which spoke several different languages. Towards the late 1940s, however, the Empire developed stronger ties with the Eastern bloc and started to flirt with socialist politics. Eventually, it became the world's first socialist monarchy, though it never became a full Marxist-Leninist one-party state like its allies and instead followed Marxism-Bernsteinism.
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