This is a list of nations and colonies
Countries[]
| Nation
|
Capital
|
Language(s)
|
Organization
|
Notes
|
| Bosnia-Herzegovina
|
Sarajevo
|
Serbo-croat, German
|
German Empire and Habsburg Dominions
|
Administered by Croatia
|
| Croatia
|
Zagreb
|
Serbo-croat, Hungarian, German
|
German Empire and Habsburg Dominions
|
|
| Finland
|
Helsinki
|
Finnish
|
Russian Empire and Commonwealth
|
|
| France
|
Paris
|
French, Bretton
|
French Colonial Empire
|
|
| Germany
|
Berlin
|
German
|
German Empire and Habsburg Dominions
|
|
| Greece
|
Athens
|
Greek
|
|
|
| Hungary
|
Budapest
|
Hungarian, German (other)
|
German Empire and Habsburg Dominions
|
In personal union with Germany
|
| Italy
|
Rome
|
Italian, recognized Italian languages
|
Italian Empire
|
|
| Netherlands
|
Amsterdam
|
Dutch, Frisan
|
United Netherlands Colonial Empire
|
|
| Norway
|
Oslo
|
Norwegian
|
?
|
In personal union with Sweden and Denmark
|
| Poland
|
Warsaw
|
Polish, Russian (?)
|
Russian Empire and Commonwealth
|
In personal union with Germany (same as the western part)
|
| Portugal
|
Lisbon
|
Portuguese
|
Portuguese Empire and Commonwealth
|
|
| Spain
|
Madrid
|
Spanish
|
Spanish Empire
|
|
| Sweden
|
Stockholm
|
Swedish
|
|
|
| Switzerland
|
Bern
|
German, French, Italian, Romansh
|
Swiss Empire
|
|
| United Kingdom
|
London
|
English, Welsh, Scottish Gaelic (two of recognized languages)
|
British Empire
|
Reference also includes Channel Isles and the Isle of Man
|
Protectorates[]
| Nation
|
Capital
|
Language(s)
|
Organization
|
Notes
|
| Albania |
Tirana |
Albanian |
Ottoman Empire |
|
| Bulgaria |
Sofia |
Bulgarian |
Russian Empire and Commonwealth,
Ottoman Empire ||
|
| Cyprus |
Nicosia |
Greek, Turkish, English (one other) |
British Empire |
|
| Malta |
Valletta |
Maltese, English (both official) |
British Empire |
|
| Montenegro |
Podgorica |
Montenegrin |
Ottoman Empire |
|
| Romania |
Bucharest |
Romanian, Hungarian |
Russian Empire and Commonwealth,
Ottoman Empire ||
|
| Serbia |
Belgrade (Belgrad) |
Serbian (Cyrillic/Latin) |
Ottoman Empire |
|
Colonies[]
| Colony
|
Capital
|
Language(s)
|
Organization
|
Notes
|
| Faroe Islands |
Tórshavn |
Danish, Faroese |
Danish Colonial Empire |
|
| Gibraltar |
Gibraltar town |
English |
British Empire |
|
| Iceland |
Reykjavik |
Danish, Icelandic (one other) |
Danish Colonial Empire |
|
| Svalbard |
Longyearbyen |
Norwegian |
? |
|
Asia[]
Countries[]
| Nation
|
Capital
|
Language(s)
|
Organization
|
Notes
|
| China |
Beijing |
Chinese Mandarin, Cantonese, English, Portuguese, Russian (other) |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Russia |
Moscow |
Russian |
Russian Empire and Commonwealth |
|
| Israel |
Jerusalem |
Hebrew, Russian (one minority language) |
Sovereign State of Israel |
Partially occupied by Russia (1798-1900)
|
Protectorates[]
| Nation
|
Capital
|
Language(s)
|
Organization
|
Notes
|
| Annam |
Hue |
Vietnamese, Chinese Mandarin |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Arabia |
Riyadh |
Arabic, English (one other language) |
British Empire |
|
| Brunei |
Bandar Seri Begawan |
Malay, Chinese Mandarin |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Cochin |
Saigon |
Vietnamese, Chinese Mandarin |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Kurdistan |
Van |
Kurdish |
? |
|
| Kuwait |
Kuwait City |
Arabic, English |
British Empire |
|
| Iraq |
Baghdad |
Arabic, English |
British Empire |
|
| Japan |
Tokyo |
Japanese |
Japanese Empire |
|
| Korea |
Seoul |
Korean |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Malacca |
Malacca |
Malay, Chinese Mandarin |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Nepal |
Kathmandu |
Nepali |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Oman |
Muscat |
Arabic, English |
British Empire (influenced), Caliphate |
|
| Palestine |
Jerusalem |
Arabic, English, Hebrew |
British Empire |
|
| Philippines |
Manila |
Spanish, Chinese Mandarin |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Siam |
Bangkok |
Thai, Chinese Mandarin |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Syria |
Damascus |
Arabic, French |
French Colonial Empire |
|
| Tibet |
Lhasa |
Tibetan |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Tonkin |
Hanoi |
Vietnamese, Chinese Mandarin |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Turkey |
Ankara |
Turkish |
Ottoman Empire |
|
| Yemen |
Sana'a |
Arabic, English |
British Empire |
|
Dominions[]
| Dominion
|
Capital
|
Language(s)
|
Organization
|
Notes
|
| India |
New Delhi |
Hindi, English, recognized Indian languages |
British Empire |
|
Colonies[]
| Colony
|
Capital
|
Language(s)
|
Organization
|
Notes
|
| Chinese East Indies |
Annam |
Chinese Mandarin |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Dutch East Indies |
Jakarta |
Dutch, Bahasa Indonesia |
United Netherlands Colonial Empire |
|
North America[]
Countries[]
Dominions[]
Colonies[]
| Colony
|
Capital
|
Language(s)
|
Organization
|
Notes
|
| Dutch Antilles |
Willemstad |
Dutch |
United Netherlands Colonial Empire |
|
| French Antilles |
Basse-Terre |
French |
French Colonial Empire |
|
| Greenland |
Nuuk |
Danish (minority), Greenlandic |
Danish Colonial Empire |
|
South America[]
Countries[]
| Nation
|
Capital
|
Language(s)
|
Organization
|
Notes
|
| Argentina |
Buenos Aires |
Spanish |
League of Latin American States |
Associate member (full membership pending)
|
| Brazil |
Brazilia |
Portuguese |
Portuguese Empire and Commonwealth |
Separate kingdom within the PEC
|
| Chile |
Santiago |
Spanish |
League of Latin American States |
Associate member (full membership pending)
|
| Gran Colombia |
Bogota |
Spanish |
League of Latin American States |
|
| Peru |
Tacna |
Spanish |
League of Latin American States |
|
Colonies[]
| Colony
|
Capital
|
Language(s)
|
Organization
|
Notes
|
| British Pategonia |
|
English, Welsh |
British Empire |
|
| Chinese Pategonia |
|
Chinese Mandarin |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Dutch Guiana |
Paramaribo |
Dutch |
United Netherlands Colonial Empire |
|
| French Guiana |
Cayenne |
French |
French Colonial Empire |
|
Africa[]
Protectorates[]
| Nation
|
Capital
|
Language(s)
|
Organization
|
Notes
|
| Algeria |
Algeries |
Arabic, French |
French Colonial Empire |
In personal union with France
|
| Egypt |
Cairo |
Arabic |
British Empire |
In protectorate/dominion with Great Britain
|
| Ethiopia |
Addis Ababa |
Amharic |
Italian Empire |
|
| Madagascar |
Antananarivo |
Magalasy |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Nigeria |
Rabat |
Arabic, Spanish |
Spanish Colonial Empire |
|
| Tunisia |
Tunis |
Arabic, French |
French Colonial Empire |
|
| Zanj |
Zanzibar |
German, Arabic (other) |
Chinese Empire |
|
Dominions[]
| Dominion
|
Capital
|
Language(s)
|
Organisation
|
Notes
|
| French Equatorial Africa |
Brazzaville, three capitals |
French |
French Colonial Empire |
|
| French West Africa |
Dakar |
French |
French Colonial Empire |
|
| South Africa |
Cape Town (legislative), Pretoria (administrative), Bloemfontein (judicial) |
English |
British Empire |
|
Colonies[]
| Colony
|
|
Capital
|
Language(s)
|
Organization
|
Notes
|
| Angola
|
|
Luanda |
Portuguese |
Portuguese Empire and Commonwealth |
|
| Belgian Congo
|
|
Kinshasa |
French |
United Netherlands Colonial Empire |
|
| British East Africa
|
|
Nairobi |
English, Swahili |
British Empire |
|
| British Somaliland
|
|
Hargeisa |
English |
British Empire |
|
| Cabinda
|
|
Cabinda |
Portuguese |
Portuguese Empire and Commonwealth |
|
| Cameroon
|
|
Yaoundé |
French |
French Colonial Empire |
|
| Cape Verde
|
|
Praia |
Portuguese |
Portuguese Empire and Commonwealth |
|
| Chinese East Africa
|
|
New Bern |
Chinese Mandarin |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Chinese Guinea
|
|
? |
Chinese Mandarin |
Chinese Empire |
Partially occupied by Chinese Empire
|
| Chinese Somaliland
|
|
Modagishu |
Chinese Mandarin |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Chinese Togoland
|
|
Lomé |
Chinese Mandarin |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Chinese West Africa
|
|
Benguela |
Chinese Mandarin |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Eritrea
|
|
Asmara |
Italian, Arabic, Amharic |
British Empire, Italian Empire |
|
| Gambia
|
|
Banjul |
English |
British Empire |
|
| Gold Coast
|
|
Accra |
English |
British Empire |
|
| French Somaliland
|
|
Djibouti |
Arabic, French |
French Colonial Empire |
|
| Libya
|
|
Tripoli |
Arabic, English |
British Empire |
|
| Mozambique
|
|
Nampula |
Portuguese |
Portuguese Empire and Commonwealth |
|
| Nigeria
|
|
Abuja |
English |
British Empire |
|
| Portuguese Guinea
|
|
Bissau |
Portuguese |
Portuguese Empire and Commonwealth |
|
| Rhodesia
|
|
Salisbury |
English |
British Empire |
|
| São Tomé and Príncipe
|
|
São Tomé |
Portuguese |
Portuguese Empire and Commonwealth |
|
| Sierra Leone
|
|
Freetown |
English |
British Empire |
|
| Spanish Guinea
|
|
|
Malabo |
Spanish |
Spanish Colonial Empire
|
| Sudan
|
|
Khartoum |
Arabic, English |
British Empire |
Anglo-Egyptian condominium
|
Australasia and Pacific[]
Protectorates[]
| Nation
|
Capital
|
Language(s)
|
Organization
|
Notes
|
| Hawai'i |
Honolulu |
Hawai'ian, Chinese Mandarin |
Chinese Empire |
|
Dominions[]
| Dominion
|
Capital
|
Language(s)
|
Organization
|
Notes
|
| Australasia |
Canberra |
English |
British Empire |
|
Colonies[]
| Colony
|
Capital
|
Language(s)
|
Organization
|
Notes
|
| Chinese Polynesia |
Bairiki |
Chinese Mandarin |
Chinese Empire |
|
| Fiji |
Suva |
Chinese Mandarin, Bau Fijian |
Chinese Empire |
|
| French Polynesia |
Papeete |
French |
French Colonial Empire |
|
Antarctica[]
Colonies[]
| Colony
|
Capital
|
Language(s)
|
Organization
|
Notes
|
| British Antarctic Territories |
Faraday |
English |
British Empire |
Condominium between the UK, UPA, Australasia and India; Sparsely inhabited
|
| Chinese Antarctic Territory |
N/a |
Chinese Mandarin |
Chinese Colonial Empire |
Sparsely inhabited
|
| French Southern and Antarctic Territories |
N/a |
French |
French Colonial Empire |
Sparsely inhabited
|
| Norwegian Antarctic Territory |
N/a |
Norwegian |
Norwegian Colonial Empire |
Sparsely inhabited
|
| Portuguese Antarctic Territory |
N/a |
Portuguese |
Portuguese Empire and Commonwealth |
Condominium between Portugal and Brazil; Sparsely inhabited
|
| Russian Antarctic Territory |
N/a |
Russian |
Russian Empire and Commonwealth |
Sparsely inhabited
|
