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− | The '''Council of Ministers''' ( |
+ | The '''Council of Ministers''' (カクリョ<small>ウ</small>カイギ, 閣僚會議 ''Kakuryō Kaigi'') is the highest administrative body of [[Japan (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Japan]]. The Council of Ministers was created following the establishment of Republic of Japan in 1919. The Council of Ministers is presided by the Prime Minister, who assisted by three Deputy Prime Ministers, and consisted by the Ministers of State. |
⚫ | |||
− | ==Nomination== |
||
− | [[File:State_Guest-House_Akasaka_Palace,_Main_Entrance-1.JPG|thumb|170px|Akasaka Palace, house of the Government of Japan]]The |
+ | [[File:State_Guest-House_Akasaka_Palace,_Main_Entrance-1.JPG|thumb|170px|Akasaka Palace, house of the Government of Japan]]The main function of Council of Ministers is to implement the general state policy. Every Ministers of State (コクムブギョ<small>ウ</small>, 國務奉行 ''Kokumu Bugyō'') are free to carry out their duties as long as in accordance with the general state policy. The Chairman of the Council of Ministers is simply referred as the Prime Minister (ソ<small>ウ</small>リ, 總理 ''Sōri''). |
+ | The Prime Minister is the first among equals among the Ministers of State and has the power to supervise over the national administration, to convene and preside the meetings of Council, and to report the progress of policy implementation before the [[Legislative Council of Japan (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Legislative Council]]. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of the Republic with the support from at least two-thirds majority in the National Congress. The Akasaka Palace serves as the official building of Japanese government in general and the seat of the Council in particular since 1920. |
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− | During a time when the new Council of Ministers has not been approved by Congress, the President of the Republic may form a temporary presidential Cabinet (カリ ギョ<small>ウ</small>セイカン [假行政官] ''Kari Gyōsei-kan'') which directly responsible to President and may include non-Congress members. |
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+ | The composition of Council is proposed by the Committee of Three (サンインカン, 三人官 ''San'ninkan''), which in turn appointed by the [[President of Japan (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|President of the Republic]] from among the [[National Congress of Japan (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|National Congress]] every the start of Congress terms. The Committee of Three consists of candidates of new Prime Minister and two Deputy Prime Ministers. If the proposed composition is failed to get a support from the two-thirds majority in the Congress, the President should form a temporary presidential cabinet until another new cabinet composition is accepted. The Council members must be from and among the member of National Congress. |
||
⚫ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ==Presidential cabinet== |
||
+ | |||
+ | During the time when the new Council of Ministers has not been approved by the Congress or in a emergency situation, the President may forms a temporary presidential cabinet (ギョ<small>ウ</small>セイイインカイ, 行政委員會 ''Gyōsei Iinkai''). The members of this presidential cabinet are referred as the Administrative Commissioners (ギョ<small>ウ</small>セイカン, 行政官 ''Gyōseikan'') instead of Ministers of State. The presidential cabinet is presided by the Speaker of [[State Council of Japan (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|State Council]] as the acting prime minister, which directly responsible to President and may includes non-Congress members. |
||
+ | An ordinary cabinet can be transformed as a presidential cabinet in the absence of Prime Minister's position, usually during the transition between two cabinets. In that case, any minister should be referred as "commissioner" in official documents even if the minister remains in or not resigns from his/her post. For example, the Minister of Foreign Affairs (ガイムブギョ<small>ウ, </small>外務奉行 ''Gaimu Bugyō'') will be called as the "Commissioner for Foreign Affairs" (ガイムギョ<small>ウ</small>セイカン, 外務行政官 ''Gaimu Gyōseikan'') instead, while his/her ministry will still be referred as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (ガイムブ, 外務部 ''Gaimu-bu''). |
||
− | The main function of Council of Ministers is to manage the implementation of general state policy. Every Ministers of State (コクムショ<small>ウ</small> [國務相] ''Kokumushō'') are free to carry out their duties as long as in accordance of general state policy. The Chairman of the Council of Ministers (カクリョウ クァイギ ギチョウ [閣僚會議議長] ''Kakuryō Kwaigi Gichō'') bearing a title of Premier (シュショ<small>ウ</small> [首相] ''Shushō'') is the first among equals among the Ministers of State and has the power to supervise over the national administration, to convene and preside the meetings of Council, and to report the progression of national administration before the [[Legislative Council of Japan (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Legislative Council]]. The Akasaka Palace served as the official building of Japanese government in general and the seat of the Council in particular since 1920. |
||
==List of Prime Ministers of Japan== |
==List of Prime Ministers of Japan== |
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! Political Party |
! Political Party |
||
|- |
|- |
||
− | | bgcolor=" |
+ | | bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''1''' |
− | | '''[[Inukai Tsuyoshi (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Inukai Tsuyoshi]]''' |
+ | | '''[[Inukai Tsuyoshi (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Inukai Tsuyoshi]]''' |
⚫ | |||
イヌカイ ツヨシ<br /><small>(1855–1936)</small> |
イヌカイ ツヨシ<br /><small>(1855–1936)</small> |
||
</center> |
</center> |
||
| [[File:Tsuyoshi Inukai facing left.jpg|100px]] |
| [[File:Tsuyoshi Inukai facing left.jpg|100px]] |
||
− | | February |
+ | | February 16, 1919 |
| April 12, 1923 |
| April 12, 1923 |
||
+ | | [[Nationalist Party of Japan (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Nationalist Party of Japan]] |
||
− | | Non-partisan |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| bgcolor="white" | '''2''' |
| bgcolor="white" | '''2''' |
||
− | | '''[[Suzuki Bunji (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Suzuki Bunji]]''' |
+ | | '''[[Suzuki Bunji (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Suzuki Bunji]]''' |
+ | <center> |
||
スズキ ブンジ<br /><small>(1885–1946)</small> |
スズキ ブンジ<br /><small>(1885–1946)</small> |
||
</center> |
</center> |
||
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|- |
|- |
||
| bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''3''' |
| bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''3''' |
||
− | | '''[[Nakano Seigo (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Nakano Seigo]]''' |
+ | | '''[[Nakano Seigo (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Nakano Seigo]]''' |
+ | <center> |
||
ナカノ セイゴ<small>ウ</small><br /><small>(1885–1958)</small><br /><small>(first term)</small> |
ナカノ セイゴ<small>ウ</small><br /><small>(1885–1958)</small><br /><small>(first term)</small> |
||
</center> |
</center> |
||
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| [[Nationalist Party of Japan (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Nationalist Party of Japan]] |
| [[Nationalist Party of Japan (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Nationalist Party of Japan]] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
− | | bgcolor=" |
+ | | bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''4''' |
− | | '''[[Suzuki Bunji (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Suzuki Bunji]]''' |
+ | | '''[[Suzuki Bunji (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Suzuki Bunji]]''' |
+ | <center> |
||
− | スズキ ブンジ<br /><small>(1885–1946)</small<br /><small>(second term)</small> |
+ | スズキ ブンジ<br /><small>(1885–1946)</small><br /><small>(second term)</small> |
</center> |
</center> |
||
| [[File:102747.jpg|100px]] |
| [[File:102747.jpg|100px]] |
||
| June 9, 1933 |
| June 9, 1933 |
||
| August 8, 1937 |
| August 8, 1937 |
||
+ | | [[Nationalist Party of Japan (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Nationalist Party of Japan]] |
||
− | | Non-partisan |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''5''' |
| bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''5''' |
||
− | | '''[[Nakano Seigo (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Nakano Seigo]]''' |
+ | | '''[[Nakano Seigo (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Nakano Seigo]]''' |
+ | <center> |
||
ナカノ セイゴ<small>ウ</small><br /><small>(1885–1958)</small><br /><small>(second term)</small> |
ナカノ セイゴ<small>ウ</small><br /><small>(1885–1958)</small><br /><small>(second term)</small> |
||
</center> |
</center> |
||
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|- |
|- |
||
| bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''6''' |
| bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''6''' |
||
− | | '''[[Konoe Fumimaro (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Konoe Fumimaro]]''' |
+ | | '''[[Konoe Fumimaro (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Konoe Fumimaro]]''' |
+ | <center> |
||
コノエ フミマロ<br /><small>(1891–1964)</small> |
コノエ フミマロ<br /><small>(1891–1964)</small> |
||
</center> |
</center> |
||
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|- |
|- |
||
| bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''7''' |
| bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''7''' |
||
− | | '''[[Inukai Takeru (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Inukai Takeru]]''' |
+ | | '''[[Inukai Takeru (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Inukai Takeru]]''' |
+ | <center> |
||
イヌカイ タケル<br /><small>(1896–1960)</small> |
イヌカイ タケル<br /><small>(1896–1960)</small> |
||
</center> |
</center> |
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|- |
|- |
||
| bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''8''' |
| bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''8''' |
||
− | | '''[[Nakano Seigo (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Nakano Seigo]]''' |
+ | | '''[[Nakano Seigo (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Nakano Seigo]]''' |
+ | <center> |
||
ナカノ セイゴ<small>ウ</small><br /><small>(1885–1958)</small><br /><small>(third term)</small> |
ナカノ セイゴ<small>ウ</small><br /><small>(1885–1958)</small><br /><small>(third term)</small> |
||
</center> |
</center> |
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|- |
|- |
||
| bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''9''' |
| bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''9''' |
||
− | | '''[[Nosaka Sanzo (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Nosaka Sanzō]]''' |
+ | | '''[[Nosaka Sanzo (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Nosaka Sanzō]]''' |
+ | <center> |
||
ノサカ サンゾ<small>ウ</small><br /><small>(1892–1993)</small> |
ノサカ サンゾ<small>ウ</small><br /><small>(1892–1993)</small> |
||
</center> |
</center> |
||
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|- |
|- |
||
| bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''10''' |
| bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''10''' |
||
− | | '''[[Asanuma Inejiro (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Asanuma Inejirō]]''' |
+ | | '''[[Asanuma Inejiro (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Asanuma Inejirō]]''' |
+ | <center> |
||
アサヌマ イネジロ<small>ウ</small><br /><small>(1898–1971)</small> |
アサヌマ イネジロ<small>ウ</small><br /><small>(1898–1971)</small> |
||
</center> |
</center> |
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|- |
|- |
||
| bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''11''' |
| bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''11''' |
||
− | | '''[[Nosaka Sanzo (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Nosaka Sanzō]]''' |
+ | | '''[[Nosaka Sanzo (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Nosaka Sanzō]]''' |
+ | <center> |
||
ノサカ サンゾ<small>ウ</small><br /><small>(1892–1993)</small><br /><small>(second term)</small> |
ノサカ サンゾ<small>ウ</small><br /><small>(1892–1993)</small><br /><small>(second term)</small> |
||
</center> |
</center> |
||
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|- |
|- |
||
| bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''12''' |
| bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''12''' |
||
− | | '''[[Ohira Masayoshi (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Ōhira Masayoshi]]''' |
+ | | '''[[Ohira Masayoshi (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Ōhira Masayoshi]]''' |
+ | <center> |
||
オ<small>ウ</small>ヒラ マサヨシ<br /><small>(1910-1980)</small><br /> |
オ<small>ウ</small>ヒラ マサヨシ<br /><small>(1910-1980)</small><br /> |
||
</center> |
</center> |
||
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| March 24, 1974 |
| March 24, 1974 |
||
| June 12, 1980 |
| June 12, 1980 |
||
− | | Nationalist Party of Japan |
||
− | |- |
||
− | | bgcolor="#1F75FE" | '''13''' |
||
− | | '''[[Kuroda Kan'ichi (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)|Kuroda Kan'ichi]]'''<br /><center> |
||
− | クロダ カニイチ<br /><small>(1927-2006)</small><br /> |
||
⚫ | |||
− | | [[File:Img006 600.jpg|100px]] |
||
− | | July 7, 1980 |
||
− | | July 7, 1995 |
||
| Nationalist Party of Japan |
| Nationalist Party of Japan |
||
|} |
|} |
Latest revision as of 01:14, 4 August 2020
The Council of Ministers (カクリョウカイギ, 閣僚會議 Kakuryō Kaigi) is the highest administrative body of Japan. The Council of Ministers was created following the establishment of Republic of Japan in 1919. The Council of Ministers is presided by the Prime Minister, who assisted by three Deputy Prime Ministers, and consisted by the Ministers of State.
Functions and powers
The main function of Council of Ministers is to implement the general state policy. Every Ministers of State (コクムブギョウ, 國務奉行 Kokumu Bugyō) are free to carry out their duties as long as in accordance with the general state policy. The Chairman of the Council of Ministers is simply referred as the Prime Minister (ソウリ, 總理 Sōri).
The Prime Minister is the first among equals among the Ministers of State and has the power to supervise over the national administration, to convene and preside the meetings of Council, and to report the progress of policy implementation before the Legislative Council. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of the Republic with the support from at least two-thirds majority in the National Congress. The Akasaka Palace serves as the official building of Japanese government in general and the seat of the Council in particular since 1920.
The composition of Council is proposed by the Committee of Three (サンインカン, 三人官 San'ninkan), which in turn appointed by the President of the Republic from among the National Congress every the start of Congress terms. The Committee of Three consists of candidates of new Prime Minister and two Deputy Prime Ministers. If the proposed composition is failed to get a support from the two-thirds majority in the Congress, the President should form a temporary presidential cabinet until another new cabinet composition is accepted. The Council members must be from and among the member of National Congress.
Presidential cabinet
During the time when the new Council of Ministers has not been approved by the Congress or in a emergency situation, the President may forms a temporary presidential cabinet (ギョウセイイインカイ, 行政委員會 Gyōsei Iinkai). The members of this presidential cabinet are referred as the Administrative Commissioners (ギョウセイカン, 行政官 Gyōseikan) instead of Ministers of State. The presidential cabinet is presided by the Speaker of State Council as the acting prime minister, which directly responsible to President and may includes non-Congress members.
An ordinary cabinet can be transformed as a presidential cabinet in the absence of Prime Minister's position, usually during the transition between two cabinets. In that case, any minister should be referred as "commissioner" in official documents even if the minister remains in or not resigns from his/her post. For example, the Minister of Foreign Affairs (ガイムブギョウ, 外務奉行 Gaimu Bugyō) will be called as the "Commissioner for Foreign Affairs" (ガイムギョウセイカン, 外務行政官 Gaimu Gyōseikan) instead, while his/her ministry will still be referred as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (ガイムブ, 外務部 Gaimu-bu).
List of Prime Ministers of Japan
№ | Name (Lifespan) |
Picture | Term start | Term end | Political Party |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Inukai Tsuyoshi
イヌカイ ツヨシ |
February 16, 1919 | April 12, 1923 | Nationalist Party of Japan | |
2 | Suzuki Bunji
スズキ ブンジ |
April 12, 1923 | April 17, 1925 | Non-partisan | |
3 | Nakano Seigo
ナカノ セイゴウ |
April 17, 1925 | June 9, 1933 | Nationalist Party of Japan | |
4 | Suzuki Bunji
スズキ ブンジ |
June 9, 1933 | August 8, 1937 | Nationalist Party of Japan | |
5 | Nakano Seigo
ナカノ セイゴウ |
August 8, 1937 | August 8, 1946 | Nationalist Party of Japan | |
6 | Konoe Fumimaro
コノエ フミマロ |
August 8, 1946 | March 28, 1948 | Nationalist Party of Japan | |
7 | Inukai Takeru
イヌカイ タケル |
March 28, 1948 | January 22, 1950 | Nationalist Party of Japan | |
8 | Nakano Seigo
ナカノ セイゴウ |
January 22, 1950 | May 1, 1951 | Nationalist Party of Japan | |
9 | Nosaka Sanzō
ノサカ サンゾウ |
May 1, 1951 | December 26, 1960 | Nationalist Party of Japan | |
10 | Asanuma Inejirō
アサヌマ イネジロウ |
December 26, 1960 | March 24, 1961 | Nationalist Party of Japan | |
11 | Nosaka Sanzō
ノサカ サンゾウ |
March 24, 1961 | February 14, 1974 | Nationalist Party of Japan | |
12 | Ōhira Masayoshi
オウヒラ マサヨシ |
March 24, 1974 | June 12, 1980 | Nationalist Party of Japan |