Council of Ministers of Japan (Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum)

The Council of Ministers (閣僚評議會 Kakuryō Riji-kai) is the highest administrative body of Japan. The Council of Ministers created by the adoption of Republican Constitution in 1931. It consists of the Prime Minister and the Ministers of State

Nomination

Akasaka Palace, house of the Government of Japan

The composition of Council are proposed by the Committee of Three (三人官 San'ninkan) who appointed by the President of the Republic from among the National Congress every the start of Congress terms. If the Congress rejects the proposal, President must keep forming another Committees of Three with different compositions until the Congress found its acceptable. The Council members must be from the Congress.

During a time when the new Council of Ministers has not been approved by Congress, the President of the Republic may form a temporary Cabinet (假行政官 Kari Gyōsei-kan) which directly responsible to President and may include a non-Congress member. If after five months the committee proposal keep failing for being accepted by the Congress, the Congress may appointed its "own" Committee of Three, consisted by Chairman of Congress, Speaker of Legislative Council and President of the Republic himself.

Functions and powers

The main function of Council of Ministers is to manage the implementation of general state policy. Every Ministers of State (國務相 Kokumushō) are free to carry out their duties as long as in accordance of general state policy. The Premier of the Republic (首相 Shushō) as the head of Council and the first among equals over another Ministers of State has the functions to supervise over the national administration, to convene and preside the meetings of Council, and to report the progression of national administration before the Legislative Council. The Akasaka Palace served as the official building of Japanese government in general and the seat of the Council in particular since 1920.

List of Prime Ministers of Japan

№	Name (Lifespan)	Picture	Term start	Term end	Political Party
1	Inukai Tsuyoshi 犬養 毅 (1855–1936)		February 19, 1920	April 12, 1923	Non-partisan
2	Yamamoto Gonnohyōe 山本 權兵衛 (1852–1933)	-	April 12, 1923	April 17, 1925	Constitutionalist Party
3	Hōtori Etsu 鳳鳥 越 (1885–1958) (first term)	-	April 17, 1925	June 9, 1933	Nationalist Party of Japan
4	Yoshinohe Toyoda 芳之兵 豊打 (1881–1938)	-	June 9, 1933	August 8, 1937	Nationalist Party of Japan
5	Hōtori Etsu 鳳鳥 越 (1885–1958) (second term)	-	August 8, 1937	August 8, 1946	Nationalist Party of Japan
6	Konoe Fumimaro 近衛 文麿 (1891–1964)		August 8, 1946	March 28, 1948	Nationalist Party of Japan
7	Inukai Takeru 犬養 健 (1896–1960)		March 28, 1948	January 22, 1950	Nationalist Party of Japan
8	Hōtori Etsu 鳳鳥 越 (1885–1958) (third term)	-	January 22, 1950	May 1, 1951	Nationalist Party of Japan
9	Mizunari Kazama 水成 風間 (1897–1974) (first term)	-	May 1, 1951	December 26, 1960	Nationalist Party of Japan
10	Asanuma Inejirō 浅沼 稲次郎 (1898–1971)		December 26, 1960	March 24, 1961	Nationalist Party of Japan
11	Mizunari Kazama 水成 風間 (1897-1974) (second term)	-	March 24, 1961	February 14, 1974	Nationalist Party of Japan
12	Ōhira Masayoshi 大平 正芳 (1910-1980)		March 24, 1974	June 12, 1980	Nationalist Party of Japan
13	Kuroda Kan'ichi 黒田 寛一 (1927-2006)		July 7, 1980	July 19, 1995	Nationalist Party of Japan