| Council of Ministers of Russian Federation | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Predecessor | Senate of Tsardom of Russia |
| Formation | 1905 |
| Type | Federal Government |
| Legal status | Active |
| Purpose/focus | To orchestrate the economy of Russian Federation, responsible for national security together with National Security Council. |
| Chairman of the Council of Ministers | Mikhail Kasyanov |
| First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers | (2nd highest-ranked member of Presidium)
|
| Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers | (by rank)
|
Cabinet of Russia, or known by its formal name, the Council of Ministers of Russian Federation, is the administrative or executive body of the Russian Federation. It has its legal basis on the 1956 Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal constitutional law "On the Government of the Russian Federation". The Apparatus of the CMRF is a governmental body which administrates the activities of the Government.
According to the 1956 constitution (4th amendment), the Chairman of the Council of Ministers is the head of government, but was appointed by Tsar (which in fact, only in formality). The Chapter 6 of the constitution says, that member of the Russian Council of Ministers consists of the Chairman of the Council of Ministers, First Deputies, Deputy Chairmen and federal ministers (also include governors of Poland, Eastern Region, Central Asia Region, Finland and Caucasia)
History[]
In 1905, the new Constitution of Russia had proclaimed that Russia was officially a constitutional monarchy with democratic elements, in which based on British constitutional monarchy. Therefore, they had to form a new governmental body that replaced the old Council of Ministers. Although it carried the name "Council of Ministers", it was actually a new, more effective type of cabinet, which was elected by State Duma.
The first Prime Minister was Boris Chicherin, a member of the Liberal Party and head of Liberal-Labor Party coalition. Although he's formally PM, but the power was concentrated for Kerensky and Lenin, Ministers of Industry and Agriculture, respectively.
There was one incident of the cabinet when Leonid Brezhnev, Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers denounced Kosygin for corruption, bribery and theft. But Kosygin asked Minister of Interior Andropov to gave accusation against Brezhnev. Brezhnev would be outraged and left the cabinet. This proved that the unity of the government that Kosygin promised was failed.
The Presidium of the Council of Ministers was reintroduced in 1980 to supervising and coordinating activities of government ministries, commissions, and committees and other institutions that reported directly to the Council of Ministers. In fact it was formed to reduce the conflict between parties in the coalition after numerous failures during the coalition of Socialists-Nationals-Conservatives, in which the three parties keep continue to argue publicly numerous time.
The latest change was the election of Mikhail Kasyanov, an experienced economist and the formation of pragmatists-technocratic cabinet. The cabinet also included some members of the opposition as a part changing to National Unity government during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Current composition[]
| Position | Name | Political party | Presidium? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chairman of the Council of Ministers | Mikhail Kasyanov | Liberal Party | Yes |
| First Deputy Chairmen of the Council of Ministers | Alexei Kudrin | Liberal Party | Yes |
| Andrei Belousov | Independent | Yes | |
| Deputy Chairmen of the Council of Ministers | Donald Tusk | Democratic Party | Yes |
| Vladimir Putin | Conservative Party | No | |
| Yuri Trutnev | Conservative Party | No | |
| Anton Siluanov | Independent | No | |
| Mikhail Prokhorov | No | ||
| Chairman of National Security Council | Valery Gerasimov | Independent | Yes |
| Minister of Agriculture | Dmitry Patrushev | Conservative Party | No |
| Minister of Industry | Ihor Petrashko | Independent | No |
| Minister of Economy and Economic Development | Anton Siluanov | No | |
| Minister of National Security | Valery Gerasimov | Yes | |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Nikol Pashinyan | Liberal Party | Yes |
| Minister of Culture | Vladimir Medinsky | Independent | No |
| Minister of Health | Mikhail Murashko | Independent | No |
| Minister of Labour and Social Protection | Anton Kotyakov | Independent | No |
| Minister of Natural Resources and Protection | Dmitry Kobylkin | Independent | No |
| Minister of Youth | Sergey Kravtsov | Conservative Party | No |