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¡Patria o Muerte, Venceremos! ("Homeland or Death, we shall overcome!") | |||||||
| Anthem | "La Bayamesa" | ||||||
| Capital | La Habana | ||||||
| Other cities | Camagüey, Santiago de Cuba | ||||||
| Language | Spanish | ||||||
| Government | Unitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic | ||||||
| President | Miguel Díaz-Canel | ||||||
| First Secretary | Raúl Castro | ||||||
| Area | 110,861 km² | ||||||
| Currency | Cuban peso | ||||||
| Internet TLD | .cu | ||||||
Cuba, formally the Republic of Cuba, is an island nation in the northern Caribbean. Cuba is the most populous country in the Caribbean. The country has a relatively high average per capita income (PPP), ranking 58th in the world in 2013, with relatively high levels of development in health and education in comparison to other countries in the region. The average age of a person is 79 years old and there are almost no illiterate people.
The territory that is now Cuba was inhabited by the Ciboney Taíno people from the 4th millennium BC until Spanish colonisation in the 15th century. From the 15th century, it was a colony of Spain until the Spanish–American War of 1898, when Cuba was occupied by the United States and gained nominal independence as a de facto United States protectorate in 1902. As a fragile republic, in 1940 Cuba attempted to strengthen its democratic system, but mounting political radicalization and social strife culminated in a coup and subsequent dictatorship under Fulgencio Batista in 1952. Open corruption and oppression under Batista's rule led to his ousting in January 1959 by the 26th of July Movement, which afterwards established communist rule under the leadership of Fidel Castro. Since 1965, the state has been governed by the Communist Party of Cuba. The country was a point of contention during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, and a nuclear war nearly broke out during the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962.
Culturally, Cuba is considered part of Latin America. It is a multi-ethnic country whose people, culture and customs derive from diverse origins.
Cuba was under an embargo by the United States until recently in 2014, when the US lifted the embargo on CUba as the counry moves towards a more marketed economy.
Cuba is a sovereign state and a founding member of the United Nations, the G77, the Non-Aligned Movement, the African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States, ALBA and Organization of American States.