This 1983: Doomsday article is considered canon, but experts on particular regions are still welcome to make changes or additions as appropriate.
This is a great collaborative project for us working across the world to mark what the nations of our timeline will be doing to mark the 40th anniversary of the Nuclear Exchange that has brought about the end of the modern world. Everyone can contribute with anecdotes from across the globe. If you have any ideas propose them on the talk page or on the discord.Trainor90 (talk) 21:17, 9 August 2023 (UTC)
September 25th and 26th 2023 marked the 40th anniversary of the nuclear exchange that brought about the end of the modern age and beginning of the post-doomsday era of the world. Across the globe, the event was marked with events of remembrance. Scientists, Anthropologists, and other civil researches are still to fully determine the gravity of loss on that fateful day, but still they endeavour throughout many national and supranational organisations to collect data and stories from that event to safeguard the future of humanity and society on this earth.
The observances happened on two different days. Since the war broke out in the afternoon and evening of the 25th, U.S. time, the Americas have always recognised that as the date of Doomsday, and the countries of the Western Hemisphere marked the anniversary on Monday, 25 September 2023. In Europe, Asia, and Australia, meanwhile, the attacks began in the morning of the 26th; therefore the Eastern Hemisphere held its observances on Tuesday, 26 September.
International Responses[]
Europe[]
Armagh, Éire, Celtic Alliance - Churches observe a solemn day of remembrance
Observances of the anniversary of Doomsday were of a solemn and notably religious nature across the island of Ireland, as the Conference of Churches of the Celtic and Allied Nations has taken the lead in organising sombre interdenominational services in towns across both Éire and East Ulster. The largest gatherings took place in the evening, with the largest off all Armagh, considered the birthplace both of Christianity in Ireland and of the postwar ecumenical movement in the nations of the Celtic Alliance. The service began at the Anglican Cathedral of Saint Patrick with prayers and confessions led by four clergy of different denominations, culminating in the prayer for the day that was read throughout the Conference of Churches:
"Father of mercy, Prince of Peace, Spirit of Comfort: in this plentiful harvest time, we come to you with heavy hearts, remembering the billions killed unjustly forty years ago. We pray now that you have mercy on the people of the world. Forgive us when we give space to fear and hate toward our neighbours and toward those in distant nations. May your light allow us to see the Divine in all people and give us courage to face the darkness. Through our prayers and actions, help us to stand together with those who are suffering, so that light may banish all darkness, love will prevail over hate and good will triumph over evil."
Following the prayers, the clerics led a procession across the half-mile separating the Anglican cathedral from the larger Roman Catholic Cathedral of Saint Patrick, where the main service was held. Such processions along this route have become a staple of interfaith events in Armagh. The service in the Catholic cathedral opened with a recitation of the Declaration of Armagh, the 1986 statement of doctrine that has served as the basis for Christian unity in Ireland and its neighbours. Despite the solemn mood, the service featured a rather star-studded cast of prominent musicians and political leaders respectively providing music and readings. Radio and television broadcasts reached an audience of millions.
In Ireland, people in almost every locality have some direct connection to the Third World War thanks to the high number of refugees from Great Britain who have settled throughout the country. Remembrances of Doomsday furthermore have merged with memorials of the more than ten years of religious conflict that gripped the island in the following years.
Middlesbrough, Kingdom of Northumbria - Opening of the Elizabeth II Memorial Park and Gardens
In the Kingdom of Northumbria, an assemblage of dignitaries from across the British Isles gathered for the inauguration of the Elizabeth II Memorial Garden, opened by the late monarchs granddaughter, Queen Zara. The parklands and gardens were built on reclaimed land in albert park, which during the immediate years post doomsday, housed refugee camps and then allotments. The park house large artefacts from the surrounding ruins, including the now famous 'Tyne Tree' a tree that was found growing in the ruins of the former city of Newcastle, now the land is a national park. The tree's branches were adorned with messages from local school children, most offering respects, others advocating for peace. A vigil at the St. Barnabas Church began in the morning, a sermon by the Archbishops of Cleveland and Northumberland was followed by the ringing of bells across the kingdom, marking a minutes silence for those lost. The congregation would then follow a solemn march to the gates of the Elizabeth II Memorial Garden for speeches by dignitaries from the Commonwealth, Celtic Alliance and finally Queen Zara before the formal events would be brought to a close, and the memorial festival in the park would begin.
Queen Zara, ever stoic on this occasion, praised the dutiful commitment of her family to protect the realm as anointed by god. The Queen remarked that like her late mother and grandmother before her, she would uphold the honour of ruling on these islands and abroad, her commitment to the safety and prosperity of her people reflected eerily the announcements made by her mother Anne II who had pledged just as much upon her coronation to the Queen of Northumbria. The queen had many solemn moments during her speech, touching on the dutiful lives her predecessors had led until their untimely demise. She remarked on the loss of her brother, and how this total loss was one that the people of Northumbria had collectively felt on that day. Never in the lives of this country had a tragedy been so complete and so devastating. The people's loss was her loss, and the senseless acts of violence acted upon this world were ones that she hoped would never happen again. The Queen gave thanks to the countless civilians who protected and restored order to the kingdom in the chaotic years that followed the bombing, and made a poignant tribute to the late Mayor, Ray Mallon, who was the driving force in Middlesbrough for peace and stability in those first years. The speech ended with a ribbon cutting ceremony followed by a choir performance by people from parishes across the kingdom after which the festival commenced.
Charity was a major focus of the event as well. Food drives were organised all across the kingdom, representing the British tradition of helping out their compatriots in times of need ever since the outbreak of the First World War. The recipe for a so-called 'Doomsday Remembrance Royal Quiche' was also publicised in the Evening Gazette on the 25th of September, consisting of two parts: the pastry and the filling. The pastry was to be made with a combination of flour, diced cold butter, lard and milk. The filling was to made with heavy cream, Brussels sprouts, milk, stinging nettle, fresh tarragon, eggs, cheese and pepper.
Nation-states of former Spain - An Atom Divided, A People United
40 years had been passed since the fateful night that destroyed the Kingdom of Spain, in 1983.
Wars, famine, death and migrations had changed the demographics of former Spain, but still being remembered during this day.
In the cathedrals of the capitals of the successor states, a mass to remember the deceased has been held at 12:00 AM (according to the Castellón Mean Time), along a minute of silence after the mass.
In Palma de Mallorca, Prime Minister Francina Armengol and the opposition leader Bahia Mahmud Awah observed the minute of silence after leaving the Catedral-Basílica de Santa María de Mallorca, being filmed by cameramen of RTVE, and then leaving a flower crown at the statue of Jaume I on the Plaza de España/Plaça d'Espanya, while then meeting with the LoN representative on the country for discussing the status of Cazorla.
Meanwhile, in the former Western Sahara, a remembrance prayer has been held on the Grand Mosque of Laayoune/El Aaiùn, commemorating the 40th anniversary of Doomsday, being followed by the numerous mosques on Andalusia and other areas of the Republic.
In Santiago de Compostela, the Praza do Obradoiro and the Cathedral of Santiago had been full, on the official mass to remember the deceased to Doomsday, being officiated by Monsignor Julián Barrio Barrio, the Metropolitan Archbishops of (Santiago de) Compostela, and with the presence of the Galician President Alberto Núñez Feijóo, being recorded and transmitted via radio and television by the CRTVG (Corporación Radio e Televisión de Galicia)
More to the east, Asturias held another mass on the Cathedral of Oviedo, and minutes after that, President Adrián Barbón talked on a speech about the commemoration of Doomsday at the Campo de San Francisco, after a minute of silence on the Doomsday monument built in 2013.
On the cities of Vitoria-Gasteiz and Biarritz, two religious ceremonies were held on the Catedral de Santa María at Vitoria and the Sainte-Eugénie church of Biarritz, on a mass for the victims of Doomsday. After the remembrance, the Lehendakari Román Sudupe Olaizola stood with the rest of the government in front of the Basque parliament (Eusko Legebiltzarra) building in Vitoria-Gasteiz, claiming that despite being 40 years after Doomsday, the victims of Bilbao and everywhere are still present on the mind and heart of everyone.
From their restored capital city of Huesca, the Iberian Federation celebrated the 40th anniversary of Doomsday with a ceremony dedicated to the destruction of Zaragoza and other cities and military bases of Spain. The president of the Confederation and the delegates of each nation stood on a minute of silence in front of the Cathedral of Saint Mary of Huesca, and after that, the army made a ceremonial salute at the Doomsday Memorial located on the former Diputación Provincial de Huesca building, now being the government offices of the Confederation.
On the capital of Aragon, there was held a commemorative mass at the Cathedral of Saint Mary of Tortosa for the 40th Doomsday Memorial Day, where the King (or Bishop) Román Casanova i Casanova addressed the nation on the mass, claiming that the rough times had passed, and that the country will still survive, even claiming of a future expansion to the rest of Tarragona and reach an agreement with the Iberian Confederation in the future.
The República Unida de Castilla y Leon organized the 40th anniversary of Doomsday with a mass and a speech held by the President Alfonso Fernández Mañueco on Valladolid. The cathedral was crowded for the mass, while in the outside, the political parties on the Cortes held a minute of silence on the Saldaña Castle.
Meanwhile, on the small country of Cazorla, an independent state located on former Andalusia and being an enclave inside the Republic of Spain, decided to commemorate the 40th anniversary of Doomsday with a small speech on the capital of Cazorla, the council of mayors that its hold in Cazorla every three months gathered on the Palacio de la Merced of Cazorla, where they offered a minute of silence to the deceased, and after that, the council of mayors decided to held a referendum about rejoining Spain on few years. A crowd of people stood outside the Palace, in the Francisco Martínez square.
Finishing with the 40th anniversary of Doomsday, the Kingdom of Extremadura celebrated a commemoration mass on the Cáceres Co-cathedral.
The King Cayetano Martí I Alba and the President of the Cortes Bermejo Hernández first took part of the mass held on the Concatedral de Santa María de Cáceres, praying for the deceased citizens of Extremadura and Spain who perished on Doomsday. At 12:00 PM, king Cayetano Martí, along the President of the Cortes, read a speech about the fateful anniversary, claiming how lucky was him to being safe and far for Madrid that day, being a survivor and telling the crowd on the Plaza Mayor of Cáceres that as a king, he wishes that Extremadura is full reunited and to live enough to see the nation stronger. After the king´s speech, Bermejo Hernández added that there were plans to create a combinated operation with troops of Portugal and the Republic of Spain to conquer the former province of Badajoz and defeat the raiders there.
Ajaccio, Corsica - Impromptu celebrations of independence
The street parties and bonfires that filled Ajaccio and other Corsican cities on Tuesday - when the rest of the world was in deepest mourning - can only strike an outsider as surreal. But on the former French island, the Third World War has long held an unusual place in the national consciousness. The nuclear weapons that destroyed most of France spared the island completely, and most people here give them the credit for their island's independence and transformation into one of the most prosperous and successful nations in Mediterranean Europe.
Authorities went out of their way to discourage overt displays of jubilation on the Doomsday anniversary, wanting badly to avoid offending Corsica's allies. They emphasized that the real fortieth anniversary of the country's independence will come six months from now, in March. But these admonitions seem only to have encouraged people to celebrate harder. Revelers dressed in patriotic garb blocked traffic completely in some parts of the city. Music, both traditional and modern, could be heard long into the night, which was lit up with bonfires and fireworks. Banners reading "Indipendenza" and "Viva Corsica" decorated houses and streets around the island. When reached for comment, an Atlantic Defense Community official only said, "it's all incredibly distasteful, but I suppose they can do what they want," before asking to remain anonymous.
Flensburg, North Germany - Display of donations to the Memorial Museum of Postmodern German Anthropology
The North Germans reflected poignantly on the loss of people both in the east and west of the former German nations. I Flensburg, a museum focussed on collecting artefacts and memories of those living pre and post doomsday was dedicated, to the surviving hope for humanity by North German Chancellor Olaf Scholz. The halls of the museum are lined with paraphernalia of the pre-war 80s East and West Germany, as well as items used by survivors in the post war. You can find a make up compact alongside a makeshift stove. The children's room is a poignant display of children's toys from both before and after Doomsday, including stories from local school children of their hopes and wishes in the new world. A notable contribution in the collection were the Last Buses Out of Bremen, two now inoperable buses that saved 110 refugees from the Bremen ruins. The drivers, Markus and Roland were present at the ceremony as well as other survivors out of Bremen who shared stories of their adventures post rescue and dedicated the buses, now adorned with messages of peace and hope, to those lost but more importantly, those who survived and persevered through the darkness to live for a brighter day.
Vyborg, Karelia - Unity, reconciliation, and honoring a hero
Former chief of defence and Marshal of Finland Jaakko Valtanen met with surviving Finnish and Soviet veterans of the Winter War, Continuation War, and World War III in the former contested city of Viipuri/Vyborg. For the now 98-year-old marshal, it was a gesture of reconciliation with both the Soviet Union and the Republic of Karelia. Soviet veterans and Finnish veterans marched shoulder to shoulder, laying a wreath at the location of the former Viipuri cathedral.
In Finland, Marshal Valtanen was toasted throughout the country, where 26 September is a time of celebration as well as mourning as the birthday of the Nordic Union. Valtanen is a living symbol of both events and of the transition from war to peace, having done much to lead Finland through the postwar years and contributed to the foundation of the Union.
Fiumicino, Italian Federation - Ostia, Sicily- Inauguration of the Isle of Peace and the global peace's monument
On the shores of the river Tiber a new monument dedicated not only to the victims of the Atomic War of 1983, but also to all Italian victims that came after this war, that perished during the Sicilian dictatorship, that fought hard and died in order to restoring democratic rule and give back the liberty that our ancestors give to the sons and any future generation back in 1945 has been unveiled in the former ecological park of Isle of Tor Boacciana, with also a park, resting and fishing area and as well as a monument dedicated to the Italia Turrita, holding on the left hand a book and on the right a olive branch.
The new mausoleum and altar to the peace was designed by a join team of architects from both nations and inspired from the Redipuglia sacrarium for the building structure and the altar and the bracers themselves are inspired from the Ara Pacis built by Augustus in the 9th BC for celebrating its victory in Gaul and Spain. The ceremony of inauguration was attended by citizens of both countries and their respective presidents, plus a couple of foreign diplomats and the LoN envoy, already in the morning there was a large crowd present on both banks of the river and thanks to the newly constructed bridges on both sides of the island for crossing of vehicles and peoples, at 12 a minute of silence was observed and then the benediction of the monument and the mausoleum by the Archbishops of Viterbo and Civitavecchia respectively.
The island and by extensions the two bordering towns of Ostia and Fiumicino where declared as open cities and without the need of a border crossing or impediment for both citizens to enjoy such a place, as it is meant not only as a place of respecting and mourning, but also of gatherings, reunions, happy moments and the hope of the creation of a new peaceful future for the whole world.
Amid the many public memorial events in Greece and Rhodope, a small, quiet, yet deeply poignant gathering has drawn the most attention. The coastal town of Kavala is close to the modern-day Greek-Rhodopian border. It was the scene of some of the most brutal fighting in the Bulgarian invasion of northeastern Greece, an almost-forgotten campaign of World War III. Veterans of both armies gathered there; at the request of the veterans' committee that organized the event, no current national leaders from Greece or Rhodope attended, only soldiers and locals who were witnesses to the fighting or who live with its effects. Reporters and photographers conveyed the gathering to a much wider audience. A speech by one former Bulgarian corporal was widely replayed. He said: "We did not hate you. We did not know why we were here. We only wanted to survive, just like you... I am glad that you are here with us today" - before breaking off and returning to his seat with the help of a Greek and a Bulgarian companion.
The Kavala battlefield already had a small memorial built at local initiative. Today it was rededicated with monuments to the Greek and Bulgarian dead. Mass graves are now marked and hallowed. Greece and Rhodope, the chief successor to the People's Republic of Bulgaria, have cooperated closely in recent years despite their past conflict.
As the 40th anniversary of Doomsday approached, the Emperor of the faction of Co-op City, deeply shaken, said to his followers one morning he had a vision from the Force in his sleep that prophecized that the important event must be properly celebrated in order for the great mission he was tasked by the universe to at last be accomplished : being the next prophet after George Lucas and James Church, the one to reunify the factions around him and finally present to the world what the real and only path is, laid by the one and only Force. Meanwhile, other factions were in for quieter, more typical celebrations to the event that gave birth to them as a society. Upon learning of the plans of the Co-op emperor however, there was initially division amongst the members about how to handle such preposterous claim, and an outright rejection by the Imperial State of New York faction whomst leader declared that it would be "absurd, dangerous, irresponsable nonsense" given the ridicule it would garner and, further more, that it was finally time to move on and "grow up from nerdy archaic stuff, that, sure, came from the right place, but is way past outdu if we want to ever be taken seriously". After a long ominous warning from the Co-op City Emperor about how not obeying the commanding wisdom laid to bare mortals by the Force amongst the universe whomst they strayed away from will leave the Force to finds its way through you to be heard regardless, even by destruction as it was the case 40 years ago and on Alderaan, the meeting between factions ended with many members of other factions joining the charismatic prophet that had a strange psychological power of bewitching people to gather around him and his every will following his sudden "revelation". After the group managed to get in touch with a journalist from Outer Lands searching for a scoop, the news spread like wildfire in the regional vicinity, many finding out about or regaining interest for the quirky group of wasteland scavangers united by a faith toward a science-fiction movie franchise from before Doomsday and in Star Wars, with many people arguing if they were serious or not or if they should join their celebration for various reasons. Despite the serious warnings from various governments not to attend the event for their safety, some people from the neighbouring states (including journalists, tourists and even amateur radio broadcasters), gathered with the members of the "Galactic Empire" in a sort of semi-joking semi-serious frenzy, coming with their old merchandise and other Star-Wars related items from before Doomsday as well as some post-DD DIY or knockoffs, with a semi-religious fervor that was more and more contagious. By then, the "Prophet Emperor", as he was nicknamed by then, had united with his or gained the approval of all factions except for the small die-hard members of the "secular" Imperial State of New York faction, who refused to attend, still finding it "a gross and offensive joke of a joke".
On the 26th of September at sunset, despite risks of radiation poisoning, the ceremony for the anniversary of Doomsday had started, with members of the United Imperial Empire of New York City dressed in makeshift ceremonial armors of Storm Troopers, ensuring security with weapons either fake and styled after Star Wars or real assault rifles, some wearing instead cloaks of Siths. With the "army" of the emperor forming a security corridor for the emperor to pass with two "guards" dressed in red Imperial Guards costumes to accompany him. The crowd went wild as the leader exited the "palace" of Mamaroneck Harbor, with its faction emperor telling the crowd he recognized temporarily for today the Co-op City one as the one and only true emperor, bringer of the Force, to which the crowd erupted in joy. The "prophet emperor", from the rooftop, then adressed the crowd which listened to his every word about how the Star Wars they know is actually real and was simply transmitted to the mind of the first prophet, George Lucas, for it was the prophecy laid by the Force to be accomplished and thus the way for humanity to follow and become one day the very "far far away galaxy" they witnessed with their own eyes. "On the day of reckoning, the day 40 years ago where the kings of this world refused to consider the holy message of the one true Force, continued to believe in fake gods and act based on fake principles and thus blocked the natural flow of the Force through us and our actions, the Force, like a jammed river of the universe's water of the stars we're made of, acted accordingly to flow again. The Force had spoken". The emperor then gave to the crowd a summary of the Imperial Empire of New York City's history, all the way from James Church, and went on about how this should be a day of celebration, a day of redemption for the masses of the Earth away from the wrongs of the past and in through the star-traveling future laid to the world by the Force through cinema, novels and now, speeches. The radiation was, he stated, just another message from the Force, that united millions of people to it, tasking the others to follow its way. As the emperor ended the speech to enter the street, the hypnotized crowd jubiled in applauses, crying, with a losing sense of rationality and an increasing sense of behavior as a following mass as the Emperor went on the street protected by his guards and army to the cheers of the crowd trying to touch him and have him bless their items to the confused surprised look of journalists and radio hosts trying to cover the event, telling viewers of the mass hysteria that seems to take effect on these broken people in the crowd. As music from Star Wars movies tapes and vinyls started to play loudly on streets of ruins covered in Imperial symbols and banners, the procession than went on to the original Co-op City in a mass hommage to the "second prophet", James Church, before the emperor stopped the crowd and stated he wanted to go alone with his two imperial guards further into the radioactive wasteland to where, he believed, the original theatre was when 40 years ago the Force had started to speak and be heard by Church, stating the Force was too strong for those who weren't chosen ones like him from that point on. After tearful goodbyes with the crowd calling him to stay, he departed onward the street to a faraway still visible pile of ruins from where they were and entered it, presumably meditating there for around 17 minutes before coming out, visibly fragile, with the help of his guards to come back to the crowd, telling them in a different voice in what was described by radio hosts as being "possessed" that the Force itself is now speaking and telling them that there was no Dark Side or Light Side of the Force, but whatever complementary side was needed to have the Force flow through, and that now is the time to go on and celebrate to be closer to it, followed by a "May the Force be with you" before collapsing to the ground as the sun fully hid away and the crowd entered into a catharsis. The Emperor was quickly escorted by conationals out to safety in a room of the palace, with visible signs of radiation poisoning, where he gave his title to his "apprentice" and passed away late into the night as people either left or celebrated around a bonfire near the palace in the style of the ending of Return of the Jedi, celebrating the message of the Emperor and the spontaneous sense of community around it from people within and outside the residents of the Empire before going home themselves, some describing it all to journalists as "an incredible eye-opening experience".
The event quickly spread afterward around North America and the world, snippets of the radio broadcasts being transmitted in news outlets around the world talking about the events and the correspondents at the event being hassled for more detail by newspapers around the world, with many opinions and a strange fascination being born for this bizarre group and event, some calling it "offensive", others "creative" or "mind blowing". Some individuals around the world even stated to suddenly have "felt" a connection with the late emperor and the Force as they listened to rebroadcasts. A psychologist at the University of Dublin explained the event using the profile of those attending : local older people that were often children or teenagers during Doomsday and thus linked the kid-friendly property of Star Wars to better safer times in their lives, helped by the fact it is taking place in New York City, the most idealized place in the former United States in fiction and one fairy tale these broken people are holding on to, especially when they were former locals. Feelings then transmitted as an idealized past to connect with toward their own kids growing up with them. One final point for all ages being the usual thrill of the danger in transgressing a forbidden zone for the mainstream and the deeply human desire for belonging and transcendental unity with others freed from the cold reminder of rationality and reality. All and all, factors that the so-called "emperor" exploited perfectly to his advantage, most likely himself a believer due to brain damage from prolonged exposition to radiation, past trauma and sudden access to social validation like other doomsday cults leaders the likes of Jim Jones and his "Peoples Temple". One radio commentator later said that it was "probably the most unique way for expressing the grieving people have toward Doomsday and the world that was and the search for healing still going on to this day I had ever seen in my life. Reckless? Absolutely! Legendary? Absolutely true too."
Keweenaw Launch Center, Superior - Flight of the Symphony
In conjunction with scientists from the Republic of New York working under the auspices of the United Communities' Restoration Committee, the Republic of Superior Space Agency plans on launching its first satellite - the Symphony - from its novel launch site at Keweenaw Launch Center, formerly the Keweenaw Rocket Range utilized before Doomsday. The satellite is a novel work of collaboration between nearly one dozen members of the United Communities from Cornell researchers and IBM's computer engineers in the Republic of New York to military scientists and rocket donations from Kentucky and Virginia, and surviving notes from the Michigan Technological University who worked hand-in-hand with NASA on previous launches. In fact, the name "Symphony" was chosen due to the sympathetic collaboration of these various parties, some of them even having fought petty conflicts in the years darkest since Doomsday. Newly manufactured computer hardware which re-purposes available several 1970s-era schematics has been able breakthrough research to bypass previous limitations to multitask a wide array of features simultaneously -- namely weather data collection, and measuring of gamma ray bursts, and most importantly be able to take precise measurements of radiation from a fixed point -- an absolute game changer for the UC Restoration Committee, advocacy groups and the world at large. Although several dozen satellites have been launched by Socialist Siberia, the South American Confederation and others from the Guiana Space Centre, this marks the first launch from North American nations.
The launch will occur as a publicly broadcasted event across syndicated networks in the United Communities, with many expected to fill into the bars, streets and community viewing rooms to tune in on what few television stations will be covering the event. Pundits queasy about the logistics of the upcoming launch have been reassured by the last successful test launch in January of a test rocket, utilizing an undetonated pre-war nuclear missile. The launch will be controlled from Superior Space Command, the repurposed site of the Calumet Air Force Station on the Keweenaw Peninsula.
Wyoming sponsored a statewide program in collaboration with local museums and PBS member stations to teach people about Wyoming's role in the formation of the reconstituted United States. Many events were organized in order to teach people about the events of Doomsday, and how what was once the least populated state in the country became the center of a new Union. Various stands and trucks gathered around the main streets of the city, while various lecturers either told stories of the Cowboy State's troubles during the post atomic era, or warned people about the dangers of nuclear weapons.
PBS also broadcasted a documentary about Wyoming during Doomsday, Cowboys and Atom Bombs. Featuring interviews from several survivors, the show achieved decent ratings for it's timeslot. PBS stations also broadcasted live events from around their local markets, as well as tributes to various victims of the attacks in the state.
A ceremony was attended by representatives of the NAU and Mexico today at the former Hoover Dam power plant. The site takes its first steps into the new ‘Colorado Hydrological Works’ project in which dam infrastructure that was damaged neglected in the interim years since the nuclear exchange will be torn down and replaced with new hydrology projects in the watershed. This will be a long running project, beginning today with the ceremonial Native blessing on the site workers. In time there are hopes to develop new irrigation systems in the Mojave to provide crops for the region for years to come.
The United Communities would work with the International Health Organization and the WCRB to release a report on the demographics of the former United States. An excerpt, deemed of crucial importance to the public, was displayed as follows:
"40 years after the bombs, the population of the former United States and its territories stands at 77 million, according to the amalgamation of various census records issued within the last 5 years. This stands to reason that the population of the former United States is 33% of its pre-war population of 230.4 million in 1983. This puts the population at slightly above that of the 1900 Census. 3 of the former US states - Vermont, Montana, and Utah, have seen net increases in population to their pre-Doomsday figures, owing to the shifts in centers of population post-War, in a surprising revelation to demographers. This in part was owing to the general stability of these states, being bastions for refugees and later expansion as powerful states in the geopolitical arena. In the case of Utah, also known as Desert, the population increase has also been in part to the birth rate of the Mormon majority, the highest on the North American continent. Based on previous projections, the total population figure for the former United States has risen from a possible low point of 46-50 million within the decade following the bombs, when fallout-related deaths, miscarriages, massive migrations and general decline in life expectancy precluded population recovery. "
The American diaspora, defined as follows - those who can trace themselves genetically to an American forebear before the bomb, comprise 22-25 million depending on how Puerto Rico and other cases are counted, such as cases suspect of dishonesty (as well as the children of Permanent Residents and Green Card holders, who often find themselves in Diaspora circles nonetheless). The largest population of the American diaspora lives in Mexico, at roughly 11 million American-Mexicans. There are roughly 2 million Americans in both the South American Generation and the ANZC each, comprising both aging emigrants (many of which were stranded or fled by sea on whatever barge was capable) as well as their children, many of which are also the child of a national of their current country of residents. This report was unable to obtain precise data, but roughly 1 out of 2 of these diaspora no longer speak "Standard American English", with the Austramerican or Caribbean dialects beginning to take precedence, as well as Spanish, Korean, Portuguese and other tongues.
In total, there are roughly 99-102 million people on the planet who can trace their family tree to one or more American parents or grandparents before Doomsday. This comprises 43% of the pre-Doomsday American population. This enlarged figure puts the combined pool of Americans at roughly that of the 1913 US population. It is estimated that combined, is roughly 20% higher of that of 30 years ago, in part owing to the slowly rising life expectancy in North America as well as owing to the diasporas higher fertility rate. However, demographers noted that this figure is likely to temporarily contract within the next 5 years, as the "Baby Boomer" generation continues to succumb to various health conditions, including those brought on by the bombs.
Although the study is still ongoing, two camps of thought have suggested figures of a "return" to pre-Doomsday population levels. With both camps agreeing that the continental former United States alone will probably pass 100 million by 2043, the two schools of thought then diverge, with the optimistic camp going for return to the pre-Doomsday population of 230 million one century after the bombs in 2083, also assuming future immigration, whereas the "gloom" camp and larger of the two estimating that the former United States will not reach 230 million again until no later than 2133, assuming a low demand for American economic output and continued life expectancy issues with radiation exposure, cancer, civil conflict pertaining to "unification wars" and other factors. Both camps agree that the center of population for the Torrington-based reformed United States would be in the interior along the Missouri River, with the "Torrington-Fort Collins Greeley-Laramie-Scottsbluff" Urbanized Area likely to pass the 5 million mark by 2083.
Although not a central part of the study, both camps concurred that future projections showed former Canada would grow from a current population of 12 million to its recovery-point of 25.3 million much earlier, by roughly 2070 if current trends continue, with postulated future incoming migration being net higher for Canadian states than for their American counterparts. "
Mesoamerica[]
Guadalajara, Mexico- Ecological Research is underway on the North American Continent
Mexico has begun new research into the long term effects of radioactive exposure on the natural world. The pioneering research will take scientists of the University of Guadalajara to examine multiple ruins on the North American continent, researching biospheric changes, soil sampling, and animal populations and patterns in these ‘human dead zones’ Oceanographer are keen to research coastal systems near ruins and river species of fish and mammals. This will connect us further with our natural world and help us to appreciate the effects of the senseless bombings on those who could not protest to such destruction. The groundbreaking research will have the teams explore various city ruins selected by their contemporaries in NAU education institutions.
San Cristóbal de las Casas, Free Chiapas - Rally to end capitalism, imperialism and authoritarianism
The revolutionary state of Chiapas Libre organized a mass rally before the main congressional hall in its mountainous capital. The remote villages of the zapatista state were quite isolated from the effects of Doomsday, so there is little outpouring of grief here. Instead, the communities have used the anniversary of the nuclear war as an illustration of the evils that they are rebelling against, identified as "capitalism, imperialism, authoritarianism, greed, and hate." Placards condemning these could be seen around the city and among the gathered crowds.
Nearby, the city unveiled a new mural, an example of the politicizing folk-painting tradition widespread in the zapatista communities. Half of it depicts the evils of the world before the revolution, showing World War III adversaries Reagan and Andropov against a backdrop of bombers, missiles and mushroom clouds - together with Mexican landowners and politicians from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), which ruled Mexico for decades. The other half depicts zapatista fighters, laborers and families ushering in the new world.
The event was marked by joy as well as defiance and featured celebrations of Chiapas' independence and vivid displays of indigenous costume, music and dance.
Several hundred young people in Panama began their classes this week far from home. They are part of an exchange program between eastern and western Panama called Intercambio Istmeño. It's been organized by a civic group of the same name that has been working for months to persuade local schools to send a few students to attend a week of classes on the other side of the divided country.
The exchange is taking place on the fortieth anniversary of World War III because that event is the reason Panama is divided. It was the only country in Latin America to be attacked directly by the Soviet Union - Cuba also suffered attacks, by the United States - and as a result that day is considered a national catastrophe in Panama more so than in most of its neighbors. The country was broken apart and never reunited. Today, it is essentially divided in two: a South American-aligned east and a federation of small communities in the west. That divide is what Intercambio Istmeño hopes to overcome with its student exchange program this week.
It's hard not to see the program as an implicit criticism of Panamanian authorities, who after forty years remain locked in territorial disputes and competing claims. Without blaming either side, one teacher participating in the program told reporters, "This is a creative idea for beginning to mend the division of our country - and our leaders could learn something from it." The students have spent the weekend traveling, most by boat, but in at least one case by mule train through Panama's wild Cordillera Central. They will spend the week attending classes in schools across Panama - from city centers to remote rural areas and indigenous comarcas - and staying with local families. Intercambio Istmeño says that the organization hopes to make these exchanges a regular occurrence, and that the anniversary was a good day to begin because of its significance to Panama.
Cuba - The New Havana Malecón opens to the public.
For much of the world, Doomsday is a somber occasion. Each country remembers those lost to World War III differently. Since 1993, the people of Cuba have remembered the dead through the Rejuvenecimiento celebrations. A collective celebration of life for the millions who perished on or after Doomsday, the Rejuvenecimiento is expected to begin at 7:00 PM with President Mariela Castro delivering a speech at the Palacio del Valle in Cienfuegos. Events will continue throughout the week. A number of guest speakers and performers are expected to attend, including German synth-pop band Modern Talking and Juan Juan Almeida, son of former Cuban president and singer-songwriter Juan Almeida Bosque. The Rejuvenecimiento, which takes cues from other Latin American celebrations of the dead, involves parades, macabre decorations, and lively music.
However, perhaps the most important bookmark this Rejuvenecimiento celebrates is the lifting of the no-man's-land which has surrounded Havana for the past forty years. On Doomsday, Havana was struck by two nuclear warheads. Fidel Castro ordered the city be completely abandoned due to the decades-long threat of background radiation. During the 2013 Rejuvenecimiento, then-president Tomás Diez Acosta announced his intent to reconstruct Havana. The process of rendering Havana habitable was long and expensive. What ruins remained after decades of neglect were destroyed in a controlled burn and pulverized, before being pushed into the sea. Havana will be starting again with a relatively clean slate. However, certain mainstays are being restored, if not due to their iconic nature then certainly due to their necessity.
The Malecón, a seawall once spanning the coast of metropolitan Havana, was among the first to be rebuilt. Prior to Doomsday, this mainstay of Havana was lined with hotels and restaurants. Now, 5,000 lucky Cubans have been allowed to walk the Malecón first. While much less obviously exists along the Malecón, a number of state-owned hotels and businesses in Old Havana are expected to open the same day. This is not the first time the Cuban government has undertaken an ambitious civil engineering project. Savannah, Georgia has nearly entered its second decade of Cuban operations and continues to exist as one of the most important coastal cities along the former American eastern seaboard.
Of course, the celebrations come with a number of sobering reminders of the rough decades following Doomsday and how Cuba is still rebuilding. Mariela Castro has released a statement reminding those in Cuba and abroad about the dangers of capitalism and the unregulated free market, warning how it was due to the paranoia and greed of the capitalist world that so many died.
The triple-island nation of Saint Kitts-Nevis-Montserrat had what has been described as the unluckiest day of independence on Earth: just six days before the outbreak of nuclear war that destroyed half the world, including its former colonizer, Great Britain. And like other small islands of the Caribbean, Saint Kitts suffered greatly in the famine and economic collapse that followed Doomsday, so the anniversary of its independence has always come together with the anniversary of one of the islands' greatest periods of suffering. This gives a particular kind of rhythm to the nation's annual calendar of national days. September 16 is the Day of Heroes, a time to honour local people for service to the community, celebrated on the birthday of the Kittitian political and labour leader Robert Llewellyn Bradshaw, who died not long before independence was achieved. September 19 is the Day of Independence. And September 25 is the Day of Remembrance, a time to honour those who died during the famine, those who emigrated during that chaotic time and whose families lost track of them, and all who have been lost during the previous year.
For the 40th anniversary of both independence and Doomsday, Saint Kitts planned a month of concerts, celebrations and community events. Coming near the end of the month, the 25th was a time to look back and reflect on the nation's four decades of struggles and progress. People wrote names of lost loved ones on strips of fabric, incorporating them into large floral displays in streets, parks and public spaces. As has become customary, many Kittitians gathered in the evening with families and neighbours to have a meal that resembles that held after a funeral.
South America[]
Holy See, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil- A Vigil held by the His Holiness, Pope Anthony I, to mark the 40th Anniversary
Catholics gathered in the Holy See to partake in a vigil and sermon with His Holiness to mark the 40th anniversary of the nuclear exchange which destroyed the former Vatican City and killed the higher officials of the Catholic faith. Cardinals from across the globe had gather for a private audience with the Pope to affirm their dedication to the faith and the work of the church to support their congregation in the new post doomsday world. This was followed by a public sermon and vigil for Catholics in Brazil in which the Pope rededicated the Catholic Church to being an arbiter of peace, love and charity the world over.
The solemn observance of Yom Kuppur took on additional meaning this year, as (in the Western Hemisphere) it coincided precisely with the 40th anniversary of Doomsday, the nuclear conflagration that killed billions worldwide and was particularly devastating to the world's Jewish population. Argentina, home to some 200,000 Jewish people, has one of the largest of the world's surviving communities and is the headquarters of the World Jewish Congress. As the faithful gathered in synagogues around the country, the WJC issued statements calling on people of all faiths to join together in repentance and forgiveness.
What should have been a solemn day of remembrance and respect was unfortunately cast aside today at the headquarters for the South American Confederation. SAC President was rushed by Venezuelan protests during the laying of a wreath at the 25th September Memorial. Security were able to usher the President and his entourage to safety before things could escalate. The scheduled speech on the steps of the headquarters were moved inside following the upset of the morning. The protests are the latest in escalating tension between the SAC and their member Venezuela after the Brazilian and Argentine delegations to the SAC tried to issue sanctions to Venezuela on trading of oil to nations outside of the SAC trade framework. Leaders in the region have rebuked the protestors as ‘disrespectful in the highest degree’ and ‘zero tolerance for bullies in our organisation will not be tolerated.’
Asia[]
Genbaku Dome, Hiroshima, Japan- Memorial at the Site of the First Nuclear Bombing - A poignant ceremony was observed at the Genbaku Dome in the Hiroshima Peace Park. The Emperor’s fmaily and Japanese leadership joined with the mayor of Hiroshima City to mark the anniversary of the 27th September Nuclear Exchange. Flowers were laid at the new memorial shrine in the park for those lost in the bombings on the Japanese islands followed by speeches from Japanese dignitaries. It was not lost on the mayor that the nation of Japan was the only country hit with nuclear bombs during two separate wars, and the plea for peace carried all the more gravity from the emperor, who commented on the gentle and fragile nature of peace in the world. Similar events were held at shrines across the nation for those families who lost loved ones in the attacks to mourn and honour the deceased.
South China Sea - The first steps to a new trade bloc on the South China Sea.
The President of the Chinese republic of Taiwan has laid the groundworks for a burgeoning trade relationship in the south china sea. This is a major departure from previous foreign policies in which the Taiwanese government in Tainan, were claiming domain over the entirety of the mainland. Instead invites have been issued to the leadership from Yunnan, Macau, Guanxi and Hainan. Today in the presidential residence, the first three nations, Hainan, Taiwan and Macau have signed an agreement to lower trade barriers between the three. The date was not lost on those in attendance who had a moments silence and reflection, and touched on the occasion in their speeches following the ratification of the agreement. The south china sea has been a hyper centre of manufacturing and tech development in the past 5 years, this trade bloc will be a powerful player on the global stage.
The President of the Union of India issued a stiff note of sorrow for "the tragedies caused [forty] years ago due to Doomsday" and stated that "on behalf of the people of India, I wish to issue my condolences to the harm caused to the innocent people of Socialist Siberia." Firework shows were held in various cities across the country to commemorate the attacks, even though the Union was not hit by any nuclear weapons on Doomsday.
Krasnoyarsk, Soviet Siberia- A new memorial honoring the loss of natural life in the former Soviet Union is unveiled.
The Soviet Premier today has unveiled a new monument in the Krasnoyarsk Stolby National Park which immortalises the loss of natural beauty during the 25th - 26th nuclear exchange. The premier commented on ‘all the animals and beautiful innocent creatures taken from us shall finally have a place to honour them’ The monument simply known as ‘zhivotnyye’ is a series of stone carved animals from large figures of bears and Yakutian horses, to smaller squirrels, birds and insects. The monument has been planted with regional flora in the hopes it will grow into a beautiful monument to the natural world.
President Abdul Karim Brahui predided over a solemn memorial in Zaranj, the small city on the Iranian border that serves as capital of the Balochistan republic in what once was Afghanistan. Around the world, the American missile strikes on Afghanistan and subsequent guerrilla war are perhaps the most forgotten theater of World War III. The country permanently broke apart. The Baloch republic in the southwest corner has been among the most stable pockets of the country despite ongoing tension with its other large neighbor, Pakistan. Soldiers and auxiliary militia paraded into the central city for an early-morning ceremony. Standing beside Mr Brahui were relatives of Balochi killed 40 years ago, both in the bombings and in the war for independence. Also in attendance were militia officers whom Pakistan has accused of insurrection and terrorism across the border. The president spoke words of grief for those lost and praise for the resilience of the Baloch people. The grand mufti of Balochistan offered prayers just before the assembled troops gave a three-volley gun salute.
Delegates in the League of Nations' Hall of Peace met early in the morning of 25 September to mark the event and note the progress of the League's ongoing goodwill and humanitarian efforts surrounding the anniversary. The assembly then adjourned to participate in Cape Town's large civic observance on the Grand Parade square.
In the Parade, citizens of Cape Town gathered for an emotional outpouring of grief over not only the worldwide victims of nuclear attacks, but also the destructive wars that raged in South Africa in the subsequent decades. The civil war of the mid-1980s permanently broke apart the South African republic; while even closer to home, the Cape Civil War of 2003-6 left much of Cape Town in ruins.
Speakers and performers throughout the day mourned the dead of all three wars, while in his address President Ebrahim Rasool linked them together, calling them phases of a single destructive global conflict. The ceremony's location was significant: besides being the city's main public square, the Grand Parade and its adjacent seventeenth-century fort were the scenes of intense urban fighting during the war; much of the adjacent Foreshore district was damaged beyond repair, leaving room for the construction of the current League of Nations complex.
Windhoek, Namibia - Namibia releases study and unveils monument to the blast of 1986
The Republic of Namibia made public for the first time a study of the country's 1986 atomic blast site. The atomic bomb was dropped by apartheid South Africa at the height of Namibia's war for independence in a largely unsuccessful attempt to intimidate the rebels. Namibia conducted a survey of the site, in the middle of the Kalahari near the border with Botswana, shortly after retaking the capital a year later, but the report has remained secret. The worldwide observances of the 40th anniversary of Doomsday provided the occasion for releasing it to educate the world on Namibia's role in the global nuclear catastrophe. At the same time, the government unveiled a small monument in central Windhoek dedicated to the scouts, engineers and scientists who completed the study - most of whom were afflicted in later years by health problems related to radiation and none of whom survive today. A ring of columns display their names and the ideals for which they sacrificed, and at the center is an eternal flame of mourning.
Mugaba Palace, Mbarara, Ankole - Royal message of consolation and peace
The Omugabe of Ankole Kahaya III gave a radio message to mark the anniversary of the nuclear war, an event that plunged much of Africa into two decades of famine and civil war. The young king reflected on his own upbringing in the wartorn and impoverished south of Uganda, raised on stories of those who had died. He described Doomsday as "Europe's final act of aggression against Africa" and called on survivors to resolve conflicts peacefully in the "spirit of obuntu". The king gave the address first in his native Nkole and then in a somewhat halting Swahili for rebroadcast throughout the East African Community of nations.
Great African Stadium, Lagos, Nigeria - A celebration of African life, strength and solidarity.
The 40th anniversary ceremonies were held at the new Great African Stadium, completed earlier this year for the 2024 summer Olympic games. Attendees included dignitaries from all West African Union nations, League of nations delegates and leadership from all over the African continent. The event was opened by the Nigerian President and chair of the West African Union. Both men championed the strength of the African spirit since the collapse of world order 40 years ago and gave credence to the strength of the African voice on a world stage in modern times. Following a minutes silence for those lost in the UN talks in New York that fateful evening, the event would include a concert with some of Africa's greatest stars performing. This is the first major event at the new Great African stadium since completion and the organisers were keen to stress test the venue for the upcoming olympic games.
President Anan of the Arab Republic of Egypt officially sent his condolences to all the innocent lives lost due to Doomsday. Egypt was quick to organise light shows to commemorate the attacks with the flagship Museum for Doomsday Remembrance being announced in February 2022 and opened on 25th September, 2023. The President personally donated 750,000 A fr. to the League of Nations fundraiser.
The Museum for Doomsday Remembrance (Arabic: المتحفيوم القيامةذاكرة ; Romanised Arabic: al-Matḥaf yawm alqiama dhakira), the largest Doomsday themed museum in Africa, also opened to the public for the anniversary. First announced in February 2022, the museum houses over 30,000 items, with a representative amount on display. Among its masterpieces include diaries of witnesses of the Tourist Trap, memoirs of the victims of the October Attacks, and a stone mural titled 'The Floor is Our Bed' by muralist Armen Agop. The mural depicts the scene of a group of tourists huddled together in an embassy. At its centre is a mother with her daughter comforting her while falling asleep on the floor. The mural was described by reviewers as 'realistic and could somehow capture the feeling of hopelessness in those troubled times'.
Oceania[]
FRANCE
Jervis Bay, ANZC - Military observances and new international peace memorial
The 40th Doomsday observance in Australia-New Zealand's capital territory began with an early-morning memorial by military personnel around the Cenotaph in the city's Anzac Park. Such events are normally reserved for Anzac Day in April, but the 40th anniversary of the nuclear attacks on Australia called for the involvement of the Commonwealth Armed Forces. The event lacked the celebratory elements of the annual holiday and centred entirely on the military personnel lost to the nuclear attacks and subsequent naval war.
The main civic observance began just before midday in Peace Park. A new memorial opened to the public, filling empty space near the main Doomsday monument that dates to the founding of the city. It features the start of what is planned to be a growing collection of smaller monuments dedicated to Doomsday victims in countries outside the Commonwealth, including the United States and the Soviet Union. Members of the diplomatic corps dedicated the new site together with Commonwealth leaders. Governor-General Helen Winkelmann emphasized that the international friendship and collective mourning represented by the new memorials would be necessary to prevent a fourth world war, sentiments echoed by other local and foreign speakers. The head of state also touted the Commonwealth's commitment to a nuclear-free future.
New Zealand - - Schools launch effort to educate a new generation on World War III history
As the world observes the fortieth anniversary of the nuclear world war, New Zealand children mostly don't get it - so say a coalition of educators who have tried to make sure that this year, schools take steps to teach the facts of the event that changed the world forever.
"What's happening now is our pupils' parents have no memory of the war or the world before it," says Jen Margaret, a history teacher and one of the leading organizers of the effort. "For a generation, the schools didn't have to teach very much about Doomsday or World War III because we could rely on our families to tell their children about it. Those days are past, and we're left with this incredible ignorance and apathy, even among university students. So many teachers now complain to me that their pupils don't care about this history, or that they don't know the difference between the three world wars. I always respond, have you given them a reason to care? What are we doing to teach young people about what our country and planet experienced?"
The Ministry of Education has responded, having approved a nationwide minute of silence at 1:00 in the afternoon, the approximate time in New Zealand when the first nuclear missiles began to detonate, including in the country's CANZ partner, Australia. Many schools are choosing to go further, teaching lessons from an optional curriculum published by the ministry. Many are also inviting elder members of the community - war veterans, American and Australian refugees, and ordinary New Zealanders - to come share their experiences and describe their lives before and after that most tragic day.
"New Zealand certainly lost some people in the war, and we rightly honour their memories," continues Margaret, "but for most Kiwis, Doomsday was mainly experienced through its economic impact. Everyone had to make do with less, but Maori and Pasifika communities were affected much more severely; and that's another aspect of our story that we must not forget."
Pearl Harbour Memorial Park, Oahu, Hawaii - A gathering of Hawaiian, US and ANZC Naval personal to designate a new memorial site at Pearl Harbor
Pearl Harbor Memorial Park, Oahu, Hawaii - The day was marked with a ceremony upon the ruins of the former Pearl Harbor Naval Base, now the Pearl Harbor Memorial Park. In attendance were naval personnel from the Kingdom of Hawaii’s Royal Navy, The Commonwealth Navy of the ANZC and the US Navy. The new memorial site has been designated a national monument by His Highness, King Andrew Piʻikoi Kawānanakoa, and is dedicated to the naval personnel lost across the pacific in the September 26th 1983 nuclear exchange. Speeches were given by the son of George HW Bush’s son George Jr on behalf of the ANZC delegation and the King. Hawaiian King Andrew Piʻikoi Kawānanakoa noted the bond struck in fire between the Australians, Americans and Hawaiians that fateful day and pledged his country to honour this site, their friendship and their future relationship for as long as Hawaii stands. The site would also host memorials for the civilians caught in the crosshairs of the nuclear exchange in the Hawaiian islands and abroad. The delegation would travel to Hilo at the close of the ceremony for a private gathering at the royal residence.
The Committee for Remembrance for the Sept. 26/27 Nuclear Exchange helps nations with establishing permanent memorials for those lost in the bombings.
Delegates appointed by the League of Nations (LoN) were sent on a goodwill trip to every country hit by nuclear weapons.
A fundraiser was announced by the LoN to procure donations to fund operations regarding the restoration of affected areas and the integration of them into their respective states. The fundraiser aimed to collect 15 million A fr. but shattered records after collecting a staggering 34 million A fr., which was rumored to have caused chaos in the LoN offices according to an anonymous insider.
League of Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (LoNESCO)
LoNESCO published a new edition, including a new volume and three complete new translations, of the Anthology of Postwar Literature, a comprehensive collection of poetry, prose, and drama from nations affected by the world war. The edition was first available in some countries months earlier, but the anniversary marked the official launch.
Recordings of oral histories were distributed to LoNESCO offices around the world, with instructions to produce new translations of the transcripts and continue to gather additional interviews.
A final set of criteria was released for the designation of ruined areas as world heritage sites.
World Jewish Congress
The WJC, headquarted in Buenos Aires, Argentina, published articles and pamphlets in many languages about the co-incidence of Yom Kippur and the Doomsday anniversary. The literature includes information about the damage that the nuclear war wrought on the Jewish community worldwide, as well as interfaith prayers to encourage non-Jews to join their neighbors in a day of repentance and forgiveness for the sinful actions of the world, including national hatred and warfare.