Great Dominion of all the Turks Tüm Türklerin Büyük Egemenliği 1933-1945 |
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| Motto: "Yaşasın Mavi Cennetin Gücü" ("Long Live the Great Power of the Blue Heaven") |
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| Capital | Ankara | |||||
| Official languages | Turkish | |||||
| Government | One-party authoritarian dictatorship | |||||
| - | Head of State | Atalay Doğançay | ||||
| Currency | Dinar | |||||
Fascist Turkey, also known as the Turkish Empire, Kullanıldı Turkey or İmparatorluk Turkey, and later the Great Dominion of all the Turks was the Turkish state between 1933 and 1945 ruled by Atalay Doğançay, who wanted to re-conquer the former territories of the Ottoman Empire, and unite all the Turkic peoples of the Caucasus, the Volga, Central Asia, Siberia and western China, to create the "Dominion of all the Turks", with the first having been the Ottoman Empire.
In 1933, Turkish ultranationalists led mainly by Atalay Doğançay proclaimed himself the Exalted Ruler of all the Turks, or Yüce of Turkey, and soon, the Kullanıldı Party (literally "Party of the Redeemed") usurped total control in Turkey, forming a totalitarian state.
In spite of being looked at as a neo-Ottoman and neo-Islamist state, this was not so. In spite of having employed neo-Ottomanists and Islamists in his service, Doğançay's motivations had little to do with extinguishing Russia or Russians off of the map, but was purely of ethnic lines. Having felt screwed by the Triple Entente victory of World War I, Doğançay felt that it was time for the Turks to rise up, and his idea did not only cover Turkey, but also other Turkic nations - whom he felt were under oppressive and illegal rule of foreign powers such as Russia, China and the United States. Doğançay expelled American, Russian, and Chinese diplomats from Turkey and began what he considered the "re-conquest".
Doğançay cut Turkey's ties with the Western allies, sided with the Axis and enacted rapid industrialization and wartime production policies in Turkey, similar to the Nazi Germans of our OTL, and employed the blitzkrieg tactics employed by the Germans. He had had attempted to align with the Tsar of Russia, but after Russia attacked Japan in 1937, Doğançay rebuffed his comments.
Background[]
A map of the Turkic-speaking peoples, which Atalay Dogancay based the borders of his Great Turkic Empire idea
Atalay Doğançay wanted to be an artist, however his non-supportive parents forebade him. Therefore, he ended up joining the Turkish military, but developed an avid hatred for the World War I allies. Originally, Doğançay developed neo-Ottomanist ideas, however later came to view the faults of the old Ottoman Empire as having contributed to its downfall.
Doğançay, on Russia and China's Turkic populations stated, "Most of the territories ruled by the oppressive Russian and Chinese states are neither Russian, or Chinese, but Turkic and Mongolic. They need to be liberated."
During the 1930s, Doğançay embarked on a massive military, especially naval buildup. Military generals disagreed on how to expand and re-conquer the lost territories of the Empire, one faction wanted to simply unite the Turkic groups of Eurasia, the other concerned with re-gaining lost Middle Eastern territories.
Like our OTL Hitler, Doğançay allowed leaders of each faction to carry forth with their own plans.
Ideology[]
Although often compared to Adolf Hitler's lebensraum, Atalay Doğançay's idea focused solely on reclaiming the territories historically inhabited by the Turkic peoples, whereas Hitler planned to eradicate "sub-human" races from the conquered territories. Doğançay had no plans to "exterminate" ethnic Russians, Slavs or anything of that matter, and even went as far as to admit that he found Hitler's plans for Slavs quite concerning. Therefore, the Arab territories of the former Ottoman Empire was not in Doğançay's plans.
Like the misconceptions comparisons to Adolf Hitler's lebensraum, while Doğançay began neo-Ottoman with Islamic ideology, the finishing ideology to what would motivate the Turkish Empire was not neo-Ottomanism or Islamism, though proponents of both were very active in the military and political elite of the Turkish Empire. Although Doğançay was a Muslim and considered Islam a heritage faith of the Turks, also respected Buddhism, Tengrism, Shamanism and Eastern Orthodoxy as having been religions that shaped Turkic history, and had no plans to subjagate non-Muslims under an Islamic theocracy. His generals or "Pashas" however, did estalish Islamic theocratic states in their conquered territories.
Military conquests[]
Eastern European Theater[]
Doğançay's motives for invading Eastern Europe was to reclaim Crimea, the Volga, which had historically been inhabited by the Tatars, as well as the Caucasus which was home to the Azeri people.
Balkan Theater[]
Contrary to expectations, especially among Yugoslav and Russian military elite, Bulgaria was the only Balkan nation on Doğançay's list, since Bulgaria was originally the home of the Bulgars, a Turkic group. However, with Bulgaria joining the Axis, the Turks were forced to cancel these plans, as Bulgaria and Turkey would be allies, something which the Yuce felt had achieve his goals without firing a single shot.
Nonetheless, the Bulgarian entry into the Axis forced the Yuce to conentrate mosto f his plans on the Black Sea, Crimea and southern Russia, which showed its benefits. Other than military cooperation, Turkey remained for hte most part, minimally involved in Bulgarian politics.
Eurasian Theater[]
The Eurasian Theater was perhaps Turkey's largest chance for success. The Yuce sent secret Turkish delegates into the Caucasus, to encourage the inhabitants to rebel against Russia. Most Caucasian Islamist groups willfully saw Turkey as a source of liberation, and thus, waged the Caucasian Rebellion, which made it easy for Turkish forces to invade the Caucasus and hit Russia where it hurt them most. The Battle of the Caucasus, although ending up in a Russian victory, for the early wars saw Turkish and rebel success, as it vanquished almost half of the South Russia Front, not by battles, but my entire Caucasian Armies defecting to the Turkish side, encircling entire Russian Army pockets loyal to Moscow. The Armenian Genocide was repeated, not even the joint Armenian-Georgian military forces could defeat the Turkish-Caucasian militaries. Thus, both the Armenian and Georgian Governments went in Exile, via the Black Sea into safe parts of southern Russia until they made it to the city of Tsarytsin, which was away from the horrors of fighting. Both of these governments would later dissolve, and make way for the re-joining of Armenia and Georgia as Grand Principalities of the Russian Empire.
However, the Turks and their Caucasian rebels ultimately failed to take the city of Baku, oil-rich and essential to Russia's oil industry. In 1943, Procurator-General Vladimir P. Rennenkampf ordered reinforcements via the Caspian Sea from Central Asia, where the 5th, 6th , 8th and 9th Central Asian Armies, assisted by Cossack battalions were transported via the Caspian Sea Fleet and vanquished the exhausted Turkish and rebel forces.
The Viyalet of the Caucasus (Turkish: Kafkasya Viyalet). The Eurasian Battle was one of the deadliest episodes in the Eastern Front. The 3rd Ukrainian Front and 4th and 5th South Russia Fronts would later return and liberate the Caucasus.
Central Asia[]
Although the Turks never reached Central Asia, as Turkey did not have the means, but Doğançay had attempted to insight rebellions in Central Asia, by producing leaflets, in Russian reminding the Central Asians of their "oppression". However, Central Asia had been prospering under the modernization of the 1930s, felt no need to rebel against the Tsar, and historically often joined the Russian Empire in the Russo-Turkish Wars. In addition, the Central Asians had for the most part, little interest in Doğançay's Empire. Although Central Asian volunteers did serve in the Turkish forces.
Downfall[]
After the Russians liberated the Caucasus, southern Russia, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria and eastern Greece, General Rennenkampf ordered for a push into Constantinople. He attempted to sign an agreement with the Turks, with new lines of demarcation, instead of having to face the wrath of a full-on Allied invasion. The Yuce however, refused.
Therefore, the fierce Siege of Constantinople commenced. However, unlike Berlin, the battle was fought solely with infantry, and neither side wanted to destroy Constantinople's historical sites, as both Orthodox Christians and Muslims regarded the Hagia Sophia as one of their landmarks. From the west, the Allied coalition consisted of Russia, Greece, Bulgaria and the recently-reunified Yugoslavia, while in the west, a coalition consisting of Russia, Armenia and Georgia invaded from the Caucasus, from the newly-formed 1st Caucasian Front. From the south, British forces poured in from Syria, allowing a Russian contingent due to the significance of Antioch on Eastern Christianity. A success, Constantinople was again, a Greek city, and the Hagia Sophia re-converted into an Eastern Orthodox cathedral. The official withdrawal was marked when the Russian-led Allied forces occupied the Topkapı Palace and renamed it the Seraglio Palace.
The Siege of Ankara involved Allies from all sides.
Like most territories of our OTE Cold War, post-war Turkey was divided into zones of influence. Much of eastern Anatolia was given to Greece, and considered part of the Russian zone of influence. Eastern Turkey too, was put under Russian influence while the rest of Turkey was given to the mercy of the Western allies. Like OTE Berlin, Ankara was divided into NATO and Warsaw Pact sectors. The city of Antioch was given to British Syrian control.