List of Nations (Triangles and Crosses)

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World Map with Flags (Triangles and Crosses)

List of nations of the Triangles and Crosses timeline.

Nations[]

Europe[]

Flag	Nation	Capital	Government	Head of state	Head of government
Western Europe
	Principality of Andorra Andorra	Andorra la Vella	Unitary semi-parliamentary monarchy	Queen Magdalena II	Bishop-Minister Joan-Enric Vives i Sicília
	Aragonese Commonwealth Aragon	Barcelona	Federal parliamentary constitutional republic	President Carles Puigdemont	Prime Minister Enric Morera
	Republic of the Basque Country Basque Country	Gasteiz	Unitary presidential constitutional republic	President Andoni Ortuzar
	Kingdom of Burgundy Burgundy	Nancy	Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy	King Charles IX	Prime Minister Mark Rutte
	Republic of Castile and Leon Castile and Leon	Madrid	Federal presidential constitutional republic	President Pablo Casado
	Kingdom of France France	Paris	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy	Queen Magdalena II	Prime Minister Emmanuel Macron
	Kingdom of Great Britain Great Britain	London	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy	King Ferdinand II	Prime Minister Sadiq Khan
	Republic of Iceland Iceland	Reykjavík	Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic	President Guðni Jóhannesson	Prime Minister Katrín Jakobsdóttir
	Kingdom of Ireland Ireland	Dublin	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy	King Ferdinand II	Taoiseach Micheál Martin
	Principality of Monaco Monaco	Monaco	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy	Prince Albert II	Minister of State Pierre Dartout
	Grand Duchy of Savoy Savoy	Chamberi	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	United Republics of Portugal, Galicia and the Algarve United Republics	Aveiro	Federal semi-presidential constitutional republic	President Emílio Tourinho Peres	Prime Minister António Costa
Central Europe
	United Kingdom of Austria and Slovenia Danubia	Vienna	Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy	King Charles II	Chancellor
	Kingdom of Denmark Denmark	Copenhagen	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	People's Republic of Germany Germany	Berlin	Unitary Marxist-Spartacist one-party socialist republic	President Gesine Lötzsch	Chancellor Bernd Riexinger
	Italian Federation Italy	Rome	Federal parliamentary constitutional republic	Doge Giuseppe Conte	Prime Minister Antonio Tajani
	Republic of Malta Malta	Valletta	Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic	President George Vella	Prime Minister Robert Abela
	Sovereign State of the Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Malta Malta	Salticovia	Unitary elective absolute monarchy	Grand Commander Marco Luzzago (acting)
	Kingdom of Norway Norway	Oslo	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Kingdom of Sweden Sweden	Stockholm	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy	King Christoph	Prime Minister Erna Solberg
	Commonwealth of Switzerland Switzerland	Zürich	Federal parliamentary constitutional republic	President Simonetta Sommaruga	Chancellor Walter Thurnherr
	Vatican State City Vatican City	Vatican City	Unitary Catholic theocratic elective absolute monarchy	Pope Paschoal III
Eastern Europe
	United Baltic States Baltic States	Riga	Federal parliamentary constitutional republic	President Egils Levits	Prime Minister Jüri Ratas
	Republic of Belarus Belarus	Minsk	Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic
	Grand Duchy of Courland Courland	Kuldiga	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy	Grand Duke Ernst-Johann Biron	Prime Minister Uldis Sesks
	Crimean Republic Crimea	Bahchasaray	Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic
	Czechoslovak Republic Czechoslovakia	Prague	Confederal semi-presidential republic; People's democracy	President Vojtěch Filip	Prime Minister Jozef Hrdlička
	Don Republic	Atamansk	Unitary parliamentary republic under a military junta	Ataman Nikolai Doluda
	Finnish State Finland	Helsinki	Unitary presidential republic under a personalist hereditary dictatorship	Protector Antero Kailajärvi
	Hungarian People's Republic Hungary	Budapest	Unitary parliamentary republic; People's democracy	President Gyula Thürmer	Premier József Tóbiás
	Republic of Kalmykia Kalmykia	Elista	Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic	President Aleksey Orlov
	Republic of Lithuania Lithuania	Vilnius	Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic
	Republic of Poland Poland	Warsaw	Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic
	Socialist Republic of Romania Romania	Bucharest	Unitary Marxist-Spartacist one-party socialist republic	General-secretary Marcel Ciolacu	Premier Mihai Tudose
	State of Ruthenia Ruthenia	Lviv	Unitary parliamentary directorial republic
	Russian Democratic Federative Republic Russia	Moscow	Federal semi-presidential constitutional republic	President Igor Ashurbeyli	Premier Pavel Grudinin
	People's Republic of Ukraine Ukraine	Kyiv	Unitary Marxist-Spartacist one-party socialist republic	President Petro Symonenko	Premier Adam Martyniuk
Southern Europe
	People's Socialist Republic of Albania Albania	Tirana	Unitary Hoxhaist one-party socialist republic	General Secretary Qemal Cicollari	Prime Minister Edi Rama
	Republic of Armenia Armenia	Yerevan	Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic	President Armen Sarkissian	Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan
	Republic of Azerbaijan Azerbaijan	Baku	Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic	President Ilham Aliyev	Prime Minister Ali Asadov
	People's Republic of Bulgaria Bulgaria	Sofia	Unitary Marxist-Spartacist socialist republic	President Dilma Rusev	Prime Minister Boyko Borisov
	Republic of Georgia Georgia	Tbilisi	Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic	President Salome Zurabishvili	Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili
	Kingdom of Greece East Greece	Constantinople	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy	King Constantine II	Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis
	Hellenic People's Republic West Greece	Athens	Unitary Marxist-Spartacist one-party socialist republic	General-secretary Dimitris Koutsoumpas	Premier Alexis Tsipras
	Federation of the North Caucasus North Caucasus	Sunzha-Ghala	Federal parliamentary constitutional republic	President Ramzan Kadyrov	Head of the Council Ramazan Abdulatipov
	Sublime Ottoman State Turkey	Ankara	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy	Sultan Harun I
	People's Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia	Belgrade	Federal semi-presidential republic; People's democracy	President Zoran Milanović	Premier Slavoj Žižek

America[]

Flag	Nation	Capital	Government	Head of state		Head of government
North America
	Republic of California California	Monterey	Unitary presidential constitutional republic	President Eloise Reyes
	Federation of Columbia Columbia	Williamsburg	Federal semi-parliamentary constitutional monarchy	King Ferdinand II	Governor-General Bill Clinton	Prime Minister Joseph Manchin
	United States of Central America Central America	Rivas	Federal directorial constitutional republic	Federal Directorate Nayib Bukele Xiomara Castro Nito Briceño Eduardo Ramírez Alejandro Giammattei Daniel Ortega Rodrigo Chaves
	People's Republic of Haiti Haiti	Port-au-Prince	Unitary Marxist-Spartacist one-party socialist republic	President Jean-Charles Moïse		Prime Minister Leonel Fernández
	Louisianan Republic Louisiana	Riviere	Unitary presidential constitutional republic	President Henri Pierrot II
	Maya State	Chan Santa Cruz	Unitary directorial constitutional republic
	Kingdom of Mexico Mexico	Mexico City	Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy	King Carlos IV		Prime Minister Andrés Manuel Lopez Obrador
	Kingdom of Newfoundland Newfoundland	Diamantina	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy	King Joseph		Chancellor Geraldo Nadler
	Republic of Yucatan Yucatan	Mérida	Unitary presidential constitutional republic
	Trinidad and Tobago	Chahuanas	Constituent country of the Grand Duchy of Courland Unitary constitutional parliamentary monarchy
	United States of Vesperia Vesperia	Jefferson	Federal presidential constitutional republic
South America
	Confederation of the Andine People Andine Confederation	Arequipa	Confederal semi-parliamentary constitutional directory; People's democracy	President Vicente Zeballos		Council Evo Morales (Bolivia) Alfredo Barnechea (Contisuyo) Daniel Urresti (Peru) Rubén Costas (Santa Cruz)
	United Provinces of Argentina Argentina	San Martín	Federal presidential constitutional republic	President Alberto Fernández
	Federation of Brazilian States Brazil	Trindade	Federal constitutional semi-presidential republic	President Joaquim Barbosa		Consul André Figueiredo
	Republic of Chile Chile	Santiago	Unitary presidential constitutional republic	President Sebastián Piñera
	United States of Granada Granada	Bogotá	Federal parliamentary constitutional republic	President Gustavo Petro		Prime Minister Rafael Correa
	Meridional Republic of Patagonia Patagonia	Rawson	Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy	King Ferdinand II	Governor-General Lillian Kusanović	Prime Minister Richard Buryaile

Africa[]

Flag	Nation	Capital	Government	Head of state	Head of government
Northern Africa
	Commonwealth of the Canary Islands Canary Islands	Las Palmas	Confederal presidential constitutional republic	President Ángel Víctor Torres
	Emirate of Darfur Darfur	Al-Fashir	Unitary Islamic absolute monarchy	Emir Siddig as-Sadiq
	United Kingdom of Egypt, Palestine and Cyrenaica Egypt	Cairo	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy	King Fuad II	Prime Minister Galal Haridy
	Emirate of Mascara Mascara	Mascara	Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy	Emir X	Premier Djamel Ould Abbes
	Free City of Melilla Melilla	Melilla	Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic	Mayor-President Eduardo de Castro
	Kingdom of Morocco Morocco	Rabat	Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy	President Hamidou Laanigri
	People's Republic of Sudan Sudan	Khartoum	Unitary Islamic socialist one-party republic	President Abdel Fattah al-Burhan	Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok
	Republic of Tripolitania Tripolitania	Tripoli	Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic
	Republic of Tunisia Tunisia	Tunis	Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic	President Kais Saied	Prime Minister Elyes Fakhfakh
Western Africa
	State of Ashanti Ashanti	Kumasi	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Republic of Benin Benin	Edo	Unitary presidential constitutional republic	President Adams Oshiomhole
	Republic of Cabo Verde Cabo Verde	Praia	Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic	President Jorge Carlos Fonseca	Premier Ulisses Correia e Silva
	Republic of Cameroon Cameroon	Jaunde	Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic	President Paul Biya	Prime Minister Joseph Ngute
	Republic of Dahomey Dahomey	Porto-Novo	Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic	President Nana Akufo-Addo	Premier Patrício Talão
	Gambija	Sirrkunda	Constituent country of the Grand Duchy of Courland Unitary constitutional parliamentary monarchy
	Republic of Guinea Guinea	Conakree	Unitary presidential constitutional republic	President Alpha Condeh
	Republic of Guinea-Bissau Guinea-Bissau	Bissau	Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic	President Umaro Sissoco	Premier Nuno Gomes
	Republic of Guinea-Mesurado Guinea-Mesurado	Freistadt	Unitary presidential constitutional republic	President Georg Uijach
	Republic of Ivory Coast Ivory Coast	Yamoussoukro Abidjan	Unitary presidential constitutional republic	President Alassane Ouattara
	State of Sokoto Sokoto	Sokoto City	Unitary Islamic absolute monarchy	Sultan Sa'adu Abubakar
	West African Federation West Africa	Dakar	Federal Sankarist semi-presidential socialist republic	President Thomas Sankara	Premier Choguel Maïga
Eastern Africa
	East African Federation East Africa	Kisumu	Confederal semi-presidential diarchic constitutional republic	President Auma Obama
	Ethiopian-Somali Monarchy Ethiopia-Somalia	Addis Ababa Mogadishu	Federal parliamentary constitutional dual monarchy	Emperor Zera Selassie
	Kingdom of Madagascar Madagascar	Antananarivo	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy	Queen Ramasindrazana	President Christian Ntsay
	Republic of Mauritius Mauritius	Port Louis	Unitary parliamentary republic	President Prithvirajsing Roopun	Prime Minister Pravind Jugnauth
	People's Republic of Mozambique Mozambique	Maputo	Unitary semi-presidential republic; People's democracy	President Filipe Nyusi	Premier Carlos Agostinho
	Republic of Seychelles Seychelles	Victoria	Unitary presidential republic	President Wavel Ramkalawan
	Republic of Tanzania Tanzania	Dodoma	Unitary dominant-party presidential republic
Central Africa
	Republic of Angola Angola	Luanda	Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic
	Republic of Benguela Benguela	Benguela City	Unitary presidential constitutional republic
	Republic of Maufa Bonde la Maufa	Kindu	Unitary dominant-party presidential republic
	Republic of Chad Chad	N'Djamena	Unitary dominant-party presidential republic	President Idriss Déby
	Republic of Gabon Gabon	Baraca	Unitary presidential constitutional republic	President Ali Bongo Ondimba
	Kingdom of Kongo Kongo	M'Banza Kongo	Federal constitutional parliamentary monarchy	Mwenekongo Pedro IX	Premier Silvestre Ilunga
	United Republic of the Gulf of Guinea Gulf Republic	Cidade da Paz	Unitary presidential constitutional republic
	Republic of the White Nile White Nile	Juba	Federal presidential constitutional republic	President Salva Kiir Mayardit
	Democratic Republic of Zaire Zaire	Kisangani	Federal presidential constitutional republic	President Fausten Touadere
	People's Republic of Zambezia Zambezia	Harare	Unitary Marxist–Spartacist one-party socialist republic	General Secretary Edgar Lungu	Premier Edite Nawakwi
Southern Africa
	Republic of Botswana Botswana	Gaborone	Unitary dominant-party parliamentary republic with an executive presidency
	Cape Republic	Cape Town	Unitary presidential constitutional republic
	Kingdom of Eswatini Eswatini	Mbabane Lobamba	Unitary parliamentary absolute diarchy	Ngwenyama Mswati III	Prime Minister Ambrose Dlamini
	Kingdom of Lesotho Lesotho	Maseru	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy	Marena Letsie III	Prime Minister Moeketsi Majoro
	Republic of Namibia Namibia	Windhoek	Unitary dominant-party semi-presidential republic
	South African Republic South Africa	Mangaung	Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic	President Cyril Ramaphosa	Prime Consul David Mabuza
	Kingdom of Zululand Zululand	Ulundi	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy

Asia[]

Flag	Nation	Capital	Government	Head of state	Head of government
Middle East
	Republic of Afghanistan Afghanistan	Kabul	Unitary Islamic presidential republic
	Arab People's Republic Arabia	Riyad	Unitary Islamic socialist one-party republic; People's democracy	General Secretary Yasin Said Numan	Premier Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas
	Federation of the Gulf States Gulf States	Hormuz	Federal parliamentary constitutional republic	President
	Democratic Republic of Iran Iran	Tehran	Federal semi-presidential constitutional republic	President Mohammad Mousavi Khoeiniha	Prime Minister Mehdi Karroubi
	Kingdom of Iraq Iraq	Baghdad	Unitary Islamic parliamentary monarchy	King Jafar I
	Free City of Jerusalem Jerusalem	Jerusalem	International mandate under conjoint sovereignty of the Society of Nations and Egypt	High Commissioner Michelle Bachelet	Minister-President Ahmad Tibi
	Republic of Kazakhstan Kazakhstan	Astana	Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic
	People's State of Kurdistan Kurdistan	Erbil	Unitary Islamic socialist one-party republic	General Secretary Cemîl Bayik	Premier Hülya Oran
	Lebanese Republic Lebanon	Beirut	Unitary semi-presidential confessionalist constitutional republic	President Hülya Oran	Prime Minister Hassan Diab
	Syrian Republic Syria	Damascus	Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic	President Bashar al-Assad	Prime Minister Imad Khamis
	Union of the Turkestani Socialist Republics Turkestan	Ashgabat	Unitary Turdakunist one-party socialist republic
Southeastern Asia
	Kingdom of Bhutan Bhutan	Thimphu	Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy	Druk Gyalpo Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck	Prime Minister Lotay Tshering
	Kingdom of Cambodia Cambodia	Phnom Penh	Unitary parliamentary elective constitutional monarchy	King Norodom Sihamoni	Prime Minister Hun Sen
	Republic of Ceylon Ceylon	Colombo Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte	Unitary semi-presidential republic
	Heavenly State of China China	Tianjing	Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy	King Hong Fuyao	Premier Wang Yang
	People's Republic of India India	Netajabad	Federal Marxist-Spartacist one-party socialist republic	General Secretary Sitaram Yechury	Premier Binoy Viswam
	Federation of Japan Japan	Tokyo	Federal parliamentary constitutional republic	President Fukushiro Nukaga	Prime Minister Yūichirō Tamaki
	Korean People's Republic Korea	Seoul	Unitary parliamentary socialist republic	President Sim Sang-jung	Prime Minister Koo Kyo-hyun
	Lao People's Democratic Republic Laos	Vientiane	Unitary Marxist–Spartacist one-party socialist republic	General Secretary Bounnhang Vorachith	Prime Minister Thongloun Sisoulith
	Federation of Malaya Malaya	Kuala Lumpur	Federal parliamentary elective constitutional monarchy	Yang di-Pertuan Agong Abdullah al-Haj	Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin
	Republic of Manchuria Manchuria	Cangcon	Unitary presidential constitutional republic	President
	Republic of Maldives Maldives	Viyazoru	Unitary presidential constitutional republic	President Abraam Solih
	Mongolian People's Republic Mongolia	Ulaanbaatar	Unitary Marxist–Spartacist one-party socialist republic	General Secretary Miyeegombyn Enkhbold	Premier Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh
	Socialist Republic of the Union of Myanmar Myanmar	Naypyidaw	Federal Marxist-Spartacist one-party socialist republic	General Secretary U Than Tin	Premier U Thein Tun
	Republic of Singapore Singapore	Singapore	Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic	President Halimah Yacob	Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong
	Kingdom of Thailand Thailand	Bangkok	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy	King Maha Vajiralongkorn	Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha
	Socialist Republic of Vietnam Vietnam	Hanoi	Unitary Marxist–Spartacist one-party socialist republic	General Secretary Nguyễn Phú Trọng	Prime Minister Nguyễn Xuân Phúc

Oceania[]

Flag	Nation	Capital	Government	Head of state		Head of government
Inner Oceania
	Kingdom of Bali Bali	Denpasar	Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy
	Democratic Republic of Insulindia Insulindia	Calabares	Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic	President Francisco Guterres		Consul José Maria Vasconcelos
	Kingdom of Laperousia Laperousia	Nouagie	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy	Queen Magdalena II	High Commissioner	Prime Minister
	Republic of Maharlika Maharlika	Aguinaldo City	Unitary presidential constitutional republic	President Koko Pimentel
	Commonwealth of New Zealand New Zealand	Wellington	Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic	President Patsy Reddy		Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern
	Republic of North Kalimantan North Kalimantan	Brunei Town	Unitary Marxist–Spartacist one-party socialist republic	General Secretary		Premier
	Republic of Nusantara Nusantara	Jakarta	Federal presidential constitutional republic	President Joko Widodo
	Independent State of Papua Papua	Jayapura	Unitary presidential constitutional republic	President
	Republic of Tasmania Tasmania	Burlow	Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic
	Federation of Ulimaroa Ulimaroa	Canberra	Federal semi-presidential constitutional republic	President David Hurley		Prime Minister Anthony Albanese
Outer Oceania
	Commonwealth of the Mariana Islands Mariana Islands	Saipan	Unitary presidential constitutional republic	President Ralph Torres
	Federated States of Micronesia Micronesia	Palikir	Federal parliamentary constitutional republic	President David Panuelo
	Republic of Nauru Nauru	Yaren	Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic	President Lionel Aingimea
	Republic of the Solomon Islands Solomon Islands	Honiara	Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic	President David Vunagi		Prime Minister Manasseh Sogavare
	Collectivity of Polynesia Polynesia	Pape'ete	Confederal semi-presidential constitutional republic	President David Ige		Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama

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