Roman Empire (The Eternal City)

Roman Empire Imperium Romanum Timeline: The Eternal City OTL equivalent: wikipedia:Roman Empire
Flag Coat of Arms
Motto:  "Quod Aeterna Imperii " "The Eternal Empire"
Anthem:  "Canticum Romanorum"
Capital		Rome
Largest city		Constantinople
Other cities		Luteciam Parisiorum, Carthage, Londinium, Jerusalem, Alexandria, Axum, Nova Caesaria, Augusta Trajana, Adrianople, etc.
Official languages		Latin
Regional languages		Greek, Punic, Arabic, Germanic, Frankish, etc.
Religion		Union of Churches (Roman Catholic, Protestant, Islam, Arian, Coptic, Eastern Orthodox, etc.)
Demonym		Roman
Government		Caesaropapist federal state under a semi-elective semi-constitutional monarchy
-	Emperor	Marcus Julius Galerius Martinus Augustus Caesar Pius
Legislature		Congress
-	Upper house	Senate
-	Lower house	People's Assembly
Establishment
-	Foundation of Rome	753 BC
-	Roman Republic	509 BC
-	De facto empire established	41 BC
-	De jure empire proclaimed	190 AC
Area
-	Total	39 557 914 km2  15 273 395 sq mi
Population
-	2021 estimate	1 897 756 257
GDP (PPP)		estimate
-	Total	$89 trillion (1st)
-	Per capita	$46 897
GDP (nominal)		estimate
-	Total	$89 trillion (1st)
-	Per capita	$46 897
Currency		Denarius (DNR)
Internet TLD		.rom

The Roman Empire (Latin: Imperium Romanum) is the largest sovereign state in the world. It possesses territories on every continent. Its capital is Rome, with its largest city being Constantinople.

The city of Rome, heart and origin of the empire, was founded by brothers Romulus and Remus. The traditional date of its foundation is 753 BC. The former became the first King of Rome and named the city after himself (lat. Roma). The Kingdom of Rome was most likely an elective monarchy, but few texts still exist to tell much of its nature. The sixth king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus would be cast down in 509 BC and a Republic, headed by the senate would be declared. The Republic would last until 41 BC and through that time it would conquer vast lands around the Mediterranean sea, even dubbing it Mare Nostrum (Our {Roman} sea). In its last decades, the republic became corrupt and dozens of civil wars arose due to conflicts between the leaders, rivalries, corruption and inequality between the old aristocracy and the majority plebeian population, which had fewer rights than them. A popular nobleman, who favored the plebes - Gaius Julius Caesar would become a major figure in the last years of the Republic, whose actions, and specifically those of his adopted son and heir Octavian, would transform Rome into a de facto monarchy once again.

Despite countless setbacks over the years, Rome persisted and dealt with countless external and internal threats to its existence. While originally focusing on the lands around the Mediterranean sea, the Romans eventually expanded further east and south, conquering much of northern Africa, while also permanently dealing with their long-time rivals - Persia, from whom they took Mesopotamia and eventually settled on a stable and mostly unmoving border. During the unprecedented age of peace, known as the Second Golden Age (841-946), Rome developed a stronger and larger navy with the intent of sailing around Africa, thus colonizing much of the coastline and vassalizing native tribes. Roman sailors discovered Indonesia and Australia in 1148 and North and South Hesperia in 1459, beginning their slow but steady colonialization.

Initially struggling between being a de jure republic and a de facto autocratic monarchy, Emperor Marinus I wrote a new constitution, whereby officially recognizing the Roman Empire as a monarchy, while also further defining the role of the monarch and the rest of the government.