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| German Reich Deutsches Reich Timeline: Differently | ||||||
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| Anthem: Deutschlandlied |
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 Location of Germany (green)
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| Capital (and largest city) | Berlin | |||||
| Official languages | German | |||||
| Religion | 82.6% Christianity -46.7% Protestant -33.5% Roman Catholic -2.4% other Christian 6.2% Vanatru 11.2% other/none |
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| Government | Federal parliamentary republic | |||||
| - | President | Friedrich Merz | ||||
| - | Chancellor | Andreas Schieder | ||||
| Legislature | Bundesrat Reichstag |
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| Establishment | ||||||
| - | German Empire | 17 January 1871 | ||||
| - | Establishment of republic | 19 July 1986 | ||||
| Area | ||||||
| - | Total | 472,649 km2 182,491 sq mi |
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| Population | ||||||
| - | Estimate | 85,149,051 (18th) | ||||
| Currency | Reichsmark (DRM) |
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| Drives on the | right | |||||
Germany (German: Deutschland), officially the German Reich (German: Deutsches Reich), is a country located in Central Europe. It borders Denmark to the north, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Wallonia and France to the west, Switzerland to the south, Danubia to the south and east and Poland to the east. Germany covers an area of 422,403 km² (163,091 sq mi), making it Europe's 4th- and the world's 58th-largest country. With 85 million inhabitants, it is the second-most populous country in Europe, and the 18th-most populous country in the world. Its capital and largest metropolis is Berlin, while Frankfurt serves as its financial capital. Other major cities include Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, and Stuttgart.
Various Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical antiquity. A region named Germania was documented before AD 100. In the 10th century, German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th century, northern German regions became the centre of the Protestant Reformation. During the Napoleonic Wars, Napoleon invaded the Holy Roman Empire and established the Confederation of the Rhine and several other puppet states in place of the old empire, although they would initially collapse after Napoleon's loss. However, the idea of German unity arose in the early 19th century, and eventually, most notably after a war between France and Prussia, the German Empire was proclaimed by Otto von Bismarck in 1871 in the Palace of Versailles. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, especially during German Emperor Wilhelm II's early reign, Germany sought mass territorial expansion, and limited its relations primarily to Italy and Rhomania, forming the Triple Alliance.
After a series of events that eventually led to Rhomania invading Bulgaria in 1914, Germany entered the war and the Great War began. Following the United States' entry into the war, eventually Germany agreed to a negotiated settlement in August 1918, allowing the empire to keep its client states in the east. Initially the German economy grew in the 1920s thanks in part to the Ukrainian grain industry, but eventually the Great Depression shattered the economy. Political instability and a financial crisis led to Wilhelm II appointing Alfred Hugenberg of the Fatherland Party, who established an authoritarian nationalist regime personally supported by the Emperor. The state formed a third party during the Cold War, aiming to expand influence in Africa and Asia and kick out any American and Soviet influence. The regime fell apart in the 1985 German Revolution, and the monarchy was dissolved in favour of a republic a year later.
Germany is a federation under a parliamentary republic, with the President being the ceremonial head of state, while the Chancellor leads the country's policymaking. The country's military, the Reichswehr, is the fifth-largest in the world. Germany is a member of the League of Nations, the European Union, PANTO, and many other organisations.
History[]
Early republic years (1986-1994)[]
Wolfgang Clement, German head of state from 1985 to 1997
After the results of the institutional referendum were revealed, which showed that a majority of Germans had voted in favour of a republican state, the provisional government officially proclaimed a republic on 19 July 1986. Wolfgang Clement, one of the leaders of the revolution, was officially promoted to Acting President, with the first elections since 1934 scheduled to be held on 10 December. Almost all monarchs within Germany abdicated, except William III of Württemberg and Friedrich Christian II of Saxony, due to many in their respective kingdoms maintaining high support for them due to them supporting the liberal revolution; the German government, led by Chancellor Hans-Jochen Vogel, ultimately allowed the two kingdoms to continue existing, and began focusing on dismantling and reorganising the other former kingdoms. The government continued the process of lifting restrictions on media and press, while the special Constitutional Committee drafted a new constitution in time for the December elections.
The three main parties in the acting coalition government - the Social Democratic Party (SPD), the Centre Party (DZP), and the German People's Party (DVP) - started their own campaigns for the upcoming December elections; for the first time in over fifty years, the first real debates took place between presidential and government candidates. On 10 December, the elections were held, alongside a referendum to allow voters to decide whether to approve the new constitution or not. The constitution was approved by over 61% of voters, while Clement secured a full term as president, and the Social Democratic Party secured a majority in both the Bundesrat and the Reichstag.
Politics[]
International sports[]
Olympic Games[]
Berlin was originally selected as host city for the 1916 Summer Olympics, which were later cancelled due to the Great War. This was the only cancelled edition of the Olympics to date.
In 1936, Garmisch-Partenkirchen (an Alpine ski town in southern Bavaria) hosted the Winter Olympics before Berlin hosted the Summer Olympics.
Association football (soccer)[]
Germany hosted the FIFA World Cups of 1975 (in which their team were champions) and 2015. Their team also won the 2005 tournament in Portugal and Spain.
Motorsports[]
Sebastian Vettel at the 2018 Chinese Grand Prix
Germany has had major successes in motorsports. Well known car brands like BMW and Mercedes are well known in motorsports. Porsche and Audi have won numerous Le Mans races in the past. Germany has produced three Formula One World champions with seven titles between them making Germany the third most winning nation in Formula One. Wolfgang von Trips is the only posthumous champion winning in 1961 while Michael Schumacher took the 2001 championship. Sebastian Vettel has the most titles with five and as of 2022 the last German F1 champion.
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