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| Capital (and largest city) |
Mitau | ||||||
| Other cities | Daugavpils Čahuanas Sīrrkunda | ||||||
| Language | Latvian | ||||||
| Demonym | Couronian | ||||||
| Government | Devolved unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy | ||||||
| Legislature | Parliament | ||||||
| Monarch | Ernst-Johann Biron | ||||||
| Prime Minister | Uldis Sesks | ||||||
| Area | 43,721 km² | ||||||
| Population | 5,546,546 | ||||||
| Established | Treaty of Vilnius 28 November 1561 Third Partition of Poland 28 March 1795 Treaty of Krakow 3 March 1811 Grand Duchy of Courland 5 August 1827 Charter for the Principality 30 April 1959 | ||||||
| Currency | Couronian thaler | ||||||
| Time Zone | UTC+3 (WET) | ||||||
| summer | UTC+2 (WEST) | ||||||
| Driving Side | left | ||||||
| Calling Code | +371 | ||||||
| Internet TLD | .co | ||||||
The Grand Duchy of Courland (Latvian: Kurzemes Lielhercogiste), commonly known simply as Courland is a sovereign state with more than half of its territory and population located in Europe. It also includes overseas territories of Gambija, in Africa, and Trinidad and Tobago in the Caribbean. Its capital and largest city is Mitau. Other major urban areas in the realm are Daugavpils, Čahuanas and Sīrrkunda.
Courland emerged first as a vassal state of Poland-Lithuania in 1561, then being annexed by the Russian Empire during the Third Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, in 1795. During this period, the Duchy would take part on colonizing portions of the Caribbean and West Africa. It would regain independence with the Treaty of Krakow, during the Napoleonic wars, also gaining the Trinidad island in the process. With the partition of Africa, Courland gained Gambija. It would be invaded in the other two World Wars, never being invaded since.
The realm is divided by its three constituent countries—Courland and Semigallia, Gambija, and Trinidad and Tobago—the last two with its own devolved parliaments. While they also control their regional policies, thus having a certain degree of autonomy, most of the foreign affairs and defence are controlled and dictated by mainland Courland.
History[]
Constituent countries[]
The realm of the Grand Duchy consists of three constituent countries: Courland and Semigallia, Gambija, and Trinidad and Tobago. The main difference between the Grand Duchy of Courland and Courland and Semigallia, is that the latter is a part of the realm, while the former is the sovereign state itself.
| Country | Population | Area | Population density |
|---|---|---|---|
 Courland and Semigallia
|
2,927,497 | 27,290 km² (10,537 sq mi) |
107/km² (278/sq mi) |
 Gambija
|
1,413,403 | 11,300 km² (4,363 sq mi) |
125/km² (324/sq mi) |
 Trinidad and Tobago
|
1,205,646 | 5,131 km² (1,981 sq mi) |
235/km² (609/sq mi) |
| Grand Duchy of Courland
|
5,546,546 | 43,721 km² (16,880 sq mi) |
127/km² (328/sq mi) |
Structure[]
Government[]
Legislature[]
Council of State[]
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