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Dieu et mon droit ("God and my right") | |||||||
| Anthem | "I vow to Thee, My Country
" | ||||||
| Capital (and largest city) |
London | ||||||
| Other cities | Manchester, Glouchester, Oxford, Norfolk, Newcastle, Bath, Edinburgh | ||||||
| Language official |
English | ||||||
| others | Welsh, Manx, Cornish, Scots, Scottish, Gaelic, African native languages | ||||||
| Religion main |
Anglican (49.6 percent) | ||||||
| others | Catholic (13.9 percent), Native beliefs (33.6 percent) | ||||||
| Ethnic Groups main |
English (54.9 percent) | ||||||
| others | African ethnic groups (23 percent), South East Asian ethnic groups (19.6 percent), Welsh, (3.6 percent), Scottish (12 percent), Manx (0.8 percent), Cornish (0.9 percent) | ||||||
| Demonym | British | ||||||
| Government | Constitutional Monarchy | ||||||
| Legislature | Parliament | ||||||
| King | Edward IX | ||||||
| Royal house: | House of Manchester | ||||||
| Prime Minister | Edward Jenkins | ||||||
| Population | 500,000,000 people | ||||||
| GDP Total: |
$8,000,000,000 | ||||||
| per capita | $16,000 | ||||||
| Independence | from May 4, 1924 | ||||||
| Currency | Pound Sterling | ||||||
| Time Zone | British Summer Time | ||||||
| summer | May - September | ||||||
| Driving Side | the left | ||||||
| Calling Code | 9 | ||||||
| Internet TLD | .gb | ||||||
The Kingdom of Great Britain, officially Great Britain and simply referred to as Britain, is a constitutional monarchy located on the British isles just northwest of the coast of continental Europe. Founded in 1924 after the great cataclysm that was the Scandinavian War, it is one of the largest countries on the world, controlling a sizable colonial empire and wielding great power and influence from it.
History[]
See also: England
Prior to unifying the isle of Great Britain, the predecessor of the kingdom, the Kingdom of England, was the primary political polity on the island.
Point of Divergence (1364)[]
In 1189, Fredrick Barbarossa, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, invaded Italy, combating the Lombard Leauge once more. This resulted in the empire remaining a united and centralized force, defeating the Pope in the struggle of power known as the Investiture Controversy and creating a powerful European empire that its neighbor was forced to reckon with. Their sheer power attracted numerous rivals, however, only one nation would be able to compete: France.
In 1337, the Thiry Years War broke out between England and France. What started as a minor dispute however morphed into a joint-Anglo-Imperial venture into France, following the Holy Roman Empire's entry into the conflict. As said, France was the only country that could rival the empire, and as such the HRE saw the Thirty Years War as a way to eliminate France as a threat. The French were crushed by the mid-1370s and their kingdom was ceded to England, ushering an age of tranquility and prosperity in that kingdom.
The English Golden Age[]
The time period after the Thirty Years War as been referred by historians as the English Golden Age. The wealth generated from the conquest of France, in addition to the economic output of France, was diverted to England, ushering in an age of prosperity. The arts flourished, and the country transformed into an impoverished kingdom on the edges of the European continent to a highly sophisticated and wealthy kingdom and a cultural hub in Northern Europe. The English Golden Age had the side effect of introducing the Renaissance to England far before its neighbors. This further increased economic productivity and also helped spread the Renaissance to nearby countries.
After the end of the Thirty Years War, tens of thousands of Englishmen began migrating south into the newly conquered regions in France. Much of Normandy, Aquitaine, and Wallonia became populated by Englishmen.
French Independence[]
Despite the increased economic productivity of England as a result of their conquest of France, their hold on the deceased kingdom was always tenuous. France had a population of 17 million at the beginning of the 14th century, only being comparable to the Holy Roman Empire (hence why they successfully attempted to eliminate France as a threat). England at the same period merely had about five million people. Furthermore, the power that England had acquired from the conquest of France had been observed by all nations in Europe, especially by the HRE, who, though once content with English occupation of France, now became increasingly discontented with the current geopolitical order. Relations deteriorated, and eventually, plans were being drawn to force England to withdraw from France.
Joan of Arc shortly before her coronation.
Fortunately for the Germans, the French themselves were discontented with English rule, seeking independence once more. In 1429, a peasant girl named Jeanne d'Arc sparked a revolt against the English role. The Holy Romans backed this revolt, with the English being forced to withdraw from France in 1436 and with Jeanne being crowned queen (which raised numerous eyebrows as she was of peasant blood, but as she was backed by the juggernaut of Europe and most European countries were busy with their own affairs, little resistance to her rule came).
War of the Roses[]
The loss of France effectively neutered England's status as a great European power. The impoverished kingdom slowly slipped into isolation... and internal strife and upheaval.
The kingdom had little time to recover before entering the Wars of the Roses (1438–1487), a series of civil wars over possession of the throne between the ruling House of Northumbria (whose heraldic symbol was the red rose) and the House of Lancaster (whose symbol was the white rose), each led by different branches of the descendants of Margret I. The end of these wars saw the Northumbrian retain their position on the English throne under Thomas II. Thomas never married and so the throne passed to James of Baden, establishing the House of Baden in England.
Early Modern England[]
During James' 56 year long reign, England began to experience rapid change: discoveries in the west by Bartholomew Columbus,
Edward VI was succeeded by his grandson, Adam. His reign was uneventful for the most part. He persisted in 1375 from cholera, and with no children, a succession crisis ensued. Eventually, Mary, from the House of Rochester was selected to be queen. Her reign saw the conclusion of the Eighty Years War and the continued growth of the empire. She died in 1691, being succeeded by William III. William III was a great general, proving to be the decisive factor in the Apollonian victory at Stadtallendorf in 1705 in the War of the Iberian Succession.
England emerged out of the conflict triumphant, supplanting its main rivals of Scotland and the Netherlands in the military and colonial might, much to their dismay. The kingdom would continue to compete with its the Netherlands and the Scottish for almost two centuries. This rivalry was manifested in wide scale, continental, if not global conflicts such as the Twenty Years War or the Saxon War. Although England more or less defeated their rivals, the toll of constant conflict would have major ramifications on the country.
Industrial Era England[]
The Industrial Revolution began in England in 1760, with the first factories appearing in London, transforming the country, and the world as we know it. Economic output exploded and the empire entered an age of prosperity. This, combined with the further territorial expansion of the empire (particularly from the declining Dutch, who were annexed by the Germans), led to the Pax Anglica, a century of (relative) tranquility and prosperity.
The Mob of 1821.
In the Revolutions of 1821, Queen Mary II was taken captive by an angry, republican mob who demanded the abolition of the monarchy. After a brief civil war, the monarchy was reinstated, however, Mary was fired to cede much of her power to Parliament, who by then were mainly industrialists benefiting hugely from the boom in the industry.
The Kingdom of Great Britain (1923 - present)[]
England continued to meddle in continental politics, culminating in its entry into the Scandinavian War in the 1910s. Allied with Iberia, Byzantium, and Germany, the English engaged the French, and Muscovites in battle. After 13 years of fighting and millions of English lives lost, the war ended with a rather inconclusive victory for England and her allies.
In the Treaty of Azov, England acquired Scotland, thereby unifying the isle of Great Britain. With this, the Kingdom of Great Britain was formed, incorporating Scotland and its colonial domains into the English realm.
The British fought once more in the Great War, allying with Germany and Byzantium against Iberia, France, and Muscovy. The conflict devastated the continent, including England. Tens of millions of people perished in the fighting and all for what many saw as an inconclusive result.
While Europe was absolutely decimated by the Scandinavian and Great Wars, their overseas colonies (at least in Columbia and Janzland) flourished. Their economy was seeing substantial growth and the two conflict had created a national identity among the members of these colonial possessions. Soon, they began to desire independence. Decolonization had begun. The British fought numerous bloody conflicts in the Columbias, attempting to maintain their colonial possessions. The atrocities that came out of these conflicts furthered separatist sentiment and eventually, the British government began to cave in. By the 1990s, nearly all of the empire's colonial possessions had been granted independence.
The major exception was Mexica, which practically funded the British Empire. Not wanting to lose a huge source of income, the British fought fiercely to retain Mexica, despite international pressure. Eventually, though, Mexica, too, would be granted independence in 1997.
India, which had been an integral part of the empire as well was granted independence in 2014.
Demographics and Culture[]
Political Structure[]
Geography[]
Geopolitics[]
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