Organising body | International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) |
---|---|
Events | 2 (men: 1; women: 1) |
Games |
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Current champions | Men's competition: Women's competition: |
Most successful team(s) | Men's competition: Women's competition: |
Ice hockey tournaments have been staged at the Olympic Games since 1920. The men's tournament was introduced at the 1920 Summer Olympics and was transferred permanently to the Winter Olympic Games program in 1924, in France. The women's tournament was first held at the 1998 Winter Olympics.
The Olympic Games were originally intended for amateur athletes. However, the advent of the state-sponsored "full-time amateur athlete" of the Eastern Bloc countries further eroded the ideology of the pure amateur, as it put the self-financed amateurs of the Western countries at a disadvantage. The Soviet Union entered teams of athletes who were all nominally students, soldiers, or working in a profession, but many of whom were in reality paid by the state to train on a full-time basis. In 1986, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) voted to allow professional athletes to compete in the Olympic Games starting in 1988.
From 1924 to 1988, the tournament started with a round-robin series of games and ended with the medal round. Medals were awarded based on points accumulated during that round. In 1992, the playoffs were introduced for the first time since 1920. In 1998, the format of the tournament was adjusted to accommodate fourteen teams. tournament format was changed again in 2006; with twelve teams divided into two groups of six. In 2010 the format was changed again, with twelve teams divided into three groups. The games of the tournament follow the rules of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF), which differ slightly from the rules used in the NHL.
In the men's tournament, Canada was the most successful team of the first three decades, winning six of seven gold medals. Czechoslovakia, Sweden and the United States were also competitive during this period and won multiple medals. Between 1920 and 1968, the Olympic hockey tournament was also counted as the Ice Hockey World Championship for that year. The Soviet Union first participated in 1956 and overtook Canada as the dominant international team, winning nine gold medals, the latest in 2018. The United States won gold medals in 1960 and in 1980, which included their "Miracle on Ice" upset of the Soviet Union. Canada went 50 years without a gold medal, before winning one in 2002, and following it with back-to-back wins in 2010 and 2014. Other nations to win gold include Great Britain in 1936, Czechoslovakia in 1976 and 1998, and Sweden in 1994 and 2006. Other medal-winning nations include Switzerland, Germany, Finland and Norway.
In July 1992, the IOC voted to approve women's hockey as an Olympic event; it was first held at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano. The Nagano Organizing Committee was hesitant to include the event because of the additional costs of staging the tournament, but an agreement was reached that limited the field to six teams, and ensured that no additional facilities would be built. The Canadian and American teams have dominated the event, typically losing only to each other. The United States won the first tournament in 1998 and the most recent in 2018. Canada has won all of the other tournaments (2002–2014).
Medal winners[]
Men[]
Women[]
Year | Host | Gold medal game | Bronze medal game | Teams | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
medalists |
Score | medalists |
medalists |
Score | 4th place finishers | ||||||
1998 | Nagano |
United States (1) |
4 – 1 | Canada (1) |
Finland (1) |
4 – 1 | China |
6 | |||
2002 | Salt Lake City |
Canada (1) |
3 – 2 | United States (1) |
Sweden (1) |
2 – 1 | Finland |
8 | |||
2006 | Turin |
Canada (2) |
4 – 1 | Sweden (1) |
United States (1) |
4 – 0 | Norway |
8 | |||
2010 | Vancouver |
Canada (3) |
3 – 0 | United States (2) |
Finland (2) |
3 – 2 OT | Sweden |
8 | |||
2014 | Sochi |
Canada (4) |
3 – 2 OT | United States (3) |
Norway (1) |
4 – 3 | Sweden |
8 | |||
2018 | Pyeongchang |
United States (2) |
3 – 2 GWS | Canada (2) |
Finland (3) |
3 – 2 | Soviet Union |
8 | |||
2022 | Tromsø |
10 |
Medal table[]
Men[]
Country | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Medals |
---|---|---|---|---|
10 | 3 | 4 | 17 | |
7 | 4 | 2 | 13 | |
2 | 3 | 6 | 11 | |
2 | 7 | 1 | 10 | |
2 | 3 | 2 | 7 | |
1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
0 | 2 | 3 | 5 | |
Template:Country data Germany Germany Template:Country data Germany West Germany |
0 0 0 |
1 0 1 |
1 1 2 |
2 1 3 |
0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Women[]
Country | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Medals |
---|---|---|---|---|
4 | 2 | 0 | 6 | |
2 | 3 | 1 | 6 | |
0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
See also[]
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