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Anthem | "National Anthem of the Islamic Republic of Iran" | ||||||
Capital (and largest city) |
Tehran | ||||||
Other cities | Isfahan, Mashhad | ||||||
Language official |
Persian (Farsi) | ||||||
others | Arabic, Azeri, Kurdish, Turkmen | ||||||
Religion | Shia Islam | ||||||
Demonym | Iranian | ||||||
Government | Unitary Islamic republic | ||||||
Legislature | Islamic Consultative Assembly | ||||||
Supreme Leader | Ali Khamenei | ||||||
President | Mahmoud Ahmadinejad | ||||||
Area | 1,648,195 km² | ||||||
Population | 75,149,669 | ||||||
Established | October 24, 1979 | ||||||
Currency | Rial (IRR )
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Time Zone | IRST (UTC+3:30) | ||||||
summer | IRDT (UTC+4:30) | ||||||
Calling Code | 98 | ||||||
Internet TLD | .ir, ایران. |
Iran (Persian: ایران, Irān), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران, Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi-ye Irān) and historically known as Persia, is a Western Asian nation. Iran is bordered by Armenia and the Soviet Union to the north, Mesopotamia and Turkey to the west, Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east, and a maritime border with Oman and the United Arab Emirates to the south.
Historically, the relations between Persia and Russia have been friendly. However, the rise of Communism in Russia eventually led to Persia's alliance with Germany up to World War II, and the United States throughout the Cold War. Despite a troubled beginning, the relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Soviet Union have become normalized, if not tensionless. With the rise of terrorism in the early 2000s, as well as attacks upon the USSR, the relations between Moscow and Tehran have begun to grow distant.