Imperial State of Iran کشور شاهنشاهی ایران (Persian) Kešvar-e Šâhanšâhi-ye Irân | ||||||
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Motto: مرا داد فرمود و خود داور است Marâ dâd farmud o xod dâvar ast "Justice He bids me do, as He will judge me" |
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Anthem: ای ایران, Ey Irān" 'O Iran' Royal anthem: سرود شاهنشاهی ایران Sorud-e Šâhanšâhi-ye Irân "Imperial Anthem of Iran" |
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Capital (and largest city) | Tehran | |||||
Official languages | Persian | |||||
Religion | 74% Islam 25% Zoroastrianism 1% Others |
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Demonym | Iranian | |||||
Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy | |||||
- | Shah | Noor | ||||
- | Prime Minister | Shapour Mansur | ||||
Legislature | Parliament | |||||
- | Upper house | Senate | ||||
- | Lower house | National Consultative Assembly | ||||
Establishment | Formation | |||||
- | Median kingdom | c. 678 BC | ||||
- | Achaemenid Empire | 550 BC | ||||
- | Parthian Empire | 247 BC | ||||
- | Sasanian Empire | 224 AD | ||||
- | Iranian Intermezzo | 821 | ||||
- | Safavid Iran | 1501 | ||||
- | Afsharid Iran | 1736 | ||||
- | Constitutional Revolution | 12 December 1905 | ||||
- | Pahlavi Iran | 15 December 1925 | ||||
- | Iranian Revolution | 11 February 1979 | ||||
- | Pahlavi Restoration | 12 September 2024 | ||||
Area | ||||||
- | Total | 1,616,052 km2 623,961 sq mi |
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Population | ||||||
- | estimate | 101,920,312 | ||||
GDP (PPP) | 2048 estimate | |||||
- | Total | $5 trillion | ||||
- | Per capita | $49,050 | ||||
GDP (nominal) | 2048 estimate | |||||
- | Total | $3 trillion | ||||
- | Per capita | $29,440 | ||||
Gini (2048) | 32 | |||||
HDI (2051) | 0.846 | |||||
Currency | Iranian rial (ریال) (IRR ) |
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Time zone | UTC+3:30 (IRST) | |||||
Drives on the | Right | |||||
Internet TLD | .ir ایران. |
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Calling code | +98 |
Iran (Persian: ایران, romanized: Irân), officially known as the Imperial State of Iran (کشور شاهنشاهی ایران, romanized: Keshvar-e Shāhanshāhi-ye Irān), historically known as Persia and also known as the Shahdom of Iran and Pahlavi Iran is a country in Western Asia and borders the kingdoms of Assyria and Mesopotamia to the west, Armenia and Azerbaijan and the Turkestan Republic to the north and the Union of Pakistan and Afghanistan to the east. Iran is the only Shia Muslim-majority country, has some of the highest gender and LGBT equality in the world and is the world's last surviving Shahdom.
Being one of the cradles of human civilization, Iran has been inhabited since the Lower Paleolithic. The first Iranian state was unified by Deioces in the 7th century BC. The empire was founded in the 3rd century BC and reached its territorial peak in the 6th century BC, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, one of the largest in ancient history. Alexander the Great conquered the empire in the 4th century BC. An Iranian rebellion established the Parthian Empire in the 3rd century BC and liberated the country, which was succeeded by the Sassanian Empire in the 3rd century AD. Ancient Iran witnessed some of the earliest developments in writing, agriculture, urbanization, religion, and central government. Muslims conquered the region in the 7th century AD, leading to the Islamization of Iran. Flourishing literature, philosophy, mathematics, medicine, astronomy, and art became important elements of Iranian civilization during the Islamic Golden Age. A series of Iranian Muslim dynasties ended Arab rule, revived the Persian language, and ruled the country until the Seleucid and Mongol conquests of the 11th to 14th centuries.
In the 16th century, the native Safavids reestablished a unified Iranian state with Twelver Shiism as the official religion. During the 18th century Afsharid Empire, Iran was a leading world power, although by the 19th century it had lost significant territory through conflicts with the Russian Empire. The early 20th century saw the Persian Constitutional Revolution and the establishment of the Pahlavi dynasty. Following a coup in 1925, Shah Reza Pahlavi came to power and initiated the "White Revolution", modernizing Iran socially, economically, politically, and technologically and turning it into one of the most developed, secular, and egalitarian countries on the planet.
The Imperial State of Iran is a highly developed and diversified economy, based on services, mining, oil industries, and financial businesses.
History[]
Pahlevi Dinasty[]

Reza Shah Pahlavi, 1st Shah of the Pahlavi Dynasty.
World War II[]
Cold War and White Revolution[]

Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, 2nd Shah of the Dynasty and promoter of the total modernization of Iran.
Modern Iran[]

Pahlavi II, 3rd Shah of the Dynasty and leader of the democratization of the empire.
Government and Politics[]

Noor, 4th Shah of Iran, the first woman to hold the position of Iranian ruler in centuries.