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The Italian Republican Calendar (Italian: Calendario Repubblicano Italiano), also commonly called the Italian Calendar, was a calendar created by Luigi Vico, an enlightenment era philosopher and author, in 1728, and later adopted partially by the Triumvirate Government (1734 - 1746) of the Italian League. Vico, an early advocate of Deism, designed the calendar in part to remove all religious and royalist influences from the calendar, however, the version later adopted by the government did not completely follow all of these changes. The use of the calendar also coincided with decimalisation across the nation, with changes to Italian currency, measurements, and other standards.
Luigi Vico selected the Interregnum of 1728, year of the first successful Republican movement in the Italian League, as the first year of the calendar. As such the calendar was officially adopted in Year VI (1734).
Months[]
Gennaro (January)
Liberto (February)
Marzo (March)
Consoledata (April)
Maidata (May)
Messidor (June)
Thermidor (July)
Agosto (August)
Carlodata (September) - Known as Fructidor before 1746.
Vendemmia (October)
Nebbemmia (November)
Brinemmia (December)
Timeline[]
1 Gennaro I - First official day of the calendar, corresponding to 1 January 1728, the first day of the Interregnum sparked by the republican rebellion.
5 Maidata I - Niccolò Lomonaco publishes La Repubblica, a treatise on republicanism and liberty.
19 Thermidor I - The Council of San Marino, between representatives of the provisional Trent-based government and the Liberals, passes the first republican reforms within the Italian League.
10 Fructidor I - Vincenzo Mazzini is elected consul of the Italian League.
29 Agosto IV - Niccolò Nasci publishes The Consul, becoming the definitive work on proper administration of the state, and the basis of Nascianism.
30 Agosto IV - Vincenzo Mazzini is elected to a second term as consul, beginning the following year.
2 Consoledata V - Giulio Beccaria, a jurist and philosopher, publishes On Crimes and Punishments, as a direct reply to the "Reign of Terror" instigated by the Vincenzo Mazzini consulship, condemning torture and the death penalty.
13 Liberto VI - Giovanni Facta, a vocal proponent of the Liberal faction within the League is appointed Minister of the Navy by Mazzini, and stationed in Venice, as a means of removing him from the capital.
18 Thermidor VI - The Great Coup, also known as the Thermidorian Reaction, is launched, imprisoning Mazzini.
20 Thermidor VI - The Council of Five is created as a provisional government tasked with transitioning the nation into a new system of government, to take affect the following year.
1 Agosto VI - The Constitution of the Year VI is approved, officially creating three consul positions within the government.
15 Agosto VI - Carlo Bonaparte, Matteo Forlani, and Giovanni Facta are elected as the nation's three consuls, beginning the Triumvirate Era the following year.
29 Agosto VI - the Sultanate of Cyprus launches an attack against the city of Venice, beginning the Italian-Cypriot War.
5 Marzo VIII - The Treaty of Damietta between the Italian League and the Sultanate of Cyprus.
9 Gennaro XII - The Kingdom of Sicily launches an attack on the Italian League under the command of Marshall Alessandro Colli-Marchi and Francesco Orsini, Duke of Calabria, beginning the Second Sicilian-Italian War.
30 Agosto XII - The Battle of Foggia results in a decisive victory for the Italian army, with Sicilian general Alessandro Colli-Marchi being killed in the battle.
5 Consoledata XIII - The city of Naples falls to Carlo Bonaparte's forces, after Prince-General Charles V and most of the city's garrison fled by sea to Palermo the night before.
4 Brinemmia XIV - The Treaty of Naples is signed between the Italian League and the Kingdom of Sicily.
19 Vendemmia XVII - The Constitution of the Year XVII is ratified, appointing Carlo Bonaparte to the position of "First Consul for Life".
2 Messidor XVIII - The Constitution of the Year XVIII is ratified, transforming the nation's elective consul office into the position of a hereditary monarch, with Carlo Bonaparte being crowned Carlo I.
