m (spelling errors) Tag: Source edit |
|||
| Line 43: | Line 43: | ||
| footnotes = |
| footnotes = |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| − | '''John William McCormack''' was an |
+ | '''John William McCormack''' was an American politician from Boston, Massachussets who served as the 37th president of the United States from November 1963 to 1965,and previously as the 45th speaker of the House of Representatives. He assumed the presidency following the death of President Lyndon B. Johnson. |
| − | McCormack enjoyed a long house career(1928-1963,and |
+ | McCormack enjoyed a long house career (1928-1963, and advanced through the ranks until being elected as the 45th speaker of the house in 1962. He served in that position until 1963 when he became president of the United States following the death of President Lyndon B Johnson. |
| − | === |
+ | === Presidency (1963-1965) === |
| − | ==== |
+ | ====Succession==== |
| − | McCormack was quickly sworn in following the death of |
+ | McCormack was quickly sworn in following the death of President Johnson the same night. He was sworn in by Chief Justice Earl Warren, who had hurried back to Washington after receiving the news of the president's death. |
He was then transported to the white house where he made the first announcement of the late presidents death and his accesion to the presidency. |
He was then transported to the white house where he made the first announcement of the late presidents death and his accesion to the presidency. |
||
| − | In the days following the deaths of the both presidents, John W. McCormack made an |
+ | In the days following the deaths of the both presidents, John W. McCormack made an address to congress saying that "President Kennedy and President Johnson died fighting for this beautiful country we call America, I promise you here and now that I will find those responsible and make sure they are brought to justice" |
| − | On November 29,1963,just one week after the |
+ | On November 29,1963, just one week after the assassinations, McCormack established a panel headed by Chief Justice Earl Warren, known as the Warren commission, through executive order to investigate the assassinations and the surrounding conspiracies. The commission conducted extensive research and hearings and unanimously concluded that the two deaths were not linked to each other and that the death of President Johnson could have been prevented if correct security procedures had been followed. |
| + | |||
| ⚫ | McCormack retained most of the Kennedy cabinet including Attorney General Robert Kennedy. Robert Kennedy remained in office only a couple of months until he resigned to run for the US Senate. McCormack appointed former deputy director of the peace corps Bill Moyers as the next white house press secretary. |
||
| ⚫ | McCormack retained most of the Kennedy cabinet |
||
====Legislative initiatives==== |
====Legislative initiatives==== |
||
| − | The new president quickly decided that he needed to follow up on the late |
+ | The new president quickly decided that he needed to follow up on the late President Kennedy's primary legislative goal which was a tax cut. McCormack himself opposed a tax cut but nevertheless pursued it. He worked closely Harry F. Byrd of Virginia to negotiate a reduction in the budget below 150 billion in exchange for what overwhelmingly became senate approval of the 1964 revenue act. In late 1963, McCormack convinced both the house and senate to approve of his bill which after some minor adjustments in regards to presidential candidates, became the 1964 presidential security act. After his presidency, McCormack said that this was the act he was most proud of having been passed. |
====Civil Rights Act of 1964==== |
====Civil Rights Act of 1964==== |
||
| − | In |
+ | In June 1963, President Kennedy had submitted a civil rights bill to congress which was met with strong opposition. McCormack renewed the effort and asked Attorney General Robert Kennedy to spearhead the effort. As the former speaker of the house and a representative for many years, McCormack was well aware of the procedural tactic, which he himself had used in the house previously. McCormack was reminded of the time when former President Truman had attempted to submit a civil rights bill. In that instance, a rent control renewal bill was held up until the civil rights bill was withdrawn. He was nearly certain that his bill would suffer the same fate if he did not alter his strategy. By tackling the tax cut bill first, the former opposition strategy was eliminated. |
| + | |||
| ⚫ | In order to make the bill pass in House, it required getting it through the rules committee which had been holding it up in an attempt to kill it. McCormack decided on a campaign of using the discharge petition to force the bill onto the House floor. Due to this and a growing threat that they would be bypassed, the House rules committee approved the bill and moved it to the floor of the full House. Shortly after this, it passed the House by a vote of 290-110. |
||
| ⚫ | Due to the tax cut bill having been passed, the anti-civil rights senators were left with the filibuster as their only remaining tool. Overcoming the filibuster was no easy task, as it required getting the support of more than 20 republicans. However, McCormack was able to convince the republican Senate leader Everett Dirksen to support the bill that amassed the necessary republican votes to overcome the filibuster in March 1964. After 60 hours of debate,the bill passed the senate by a vote of 71-29. McCormack signed the fortified civil Rights act of 1964 into law on July 2. |
||
| ⚫ | In order to make the bill pass in House,it required getting it through the rules committee |
||
| ⚫ | Due to the tax cut bill having been passed,the anti |
||
====1964 presidental election==== |
====1964 presidental election==== |
||
| − | President McCormack decided to not seek election to a full term and instead endorsed the democratic |
+ | President McCormack decided to not seek election to a full term and instead endorsed the democratic front runner Robert F. Kennedy. |
==Section heading== |
==Section heading== |
||
Revision as of 21:31, 23 November 2020
| John W. McCormack | |
|---|---|
| |
| 37th President of the United States | |
| In office November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1965 | |
| Vice President | Vacant |
| Preceded by | Lyndon B. Johnson |
| Succeeded by | Robert F. Kennedy |
| 45th speaker of the United States House of Representatives | |
| In office January 10,1962 – November 22,1963 | |
| Preceded by | Sam Rayburn |
| Succeeded by | Mo Udall |
| House Majority Leader | |
| In office January 3, 1955 – January 10, 1962 | |
| Deputy | Carl Albert |
| Preceded by | Charles A. Halleck |
| Succeeded by | Mo Udall |
| Personal details | |
| Born | December 21, 1891 Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. |
| Nationality | American |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse(s) | Harriet Joyce |
| Occupation | Politician |
John William McCormack was an American politician from Boston, Massachussets who served as the 37th president of the United States from November 1963 to 1965,and previously as the 45th speaker of the House of Representatives. He assumed the presidency following the death of President Lyndon B. Johnson.
McCormack enjoyed a long house career (1928-1963, and advanced through the ranks until being elected as the 45th speaker of the house in 1962. He served in that position until 1963 when he became president of the United States following the death of President Lyndon B Johnson.
Presidency (1963-1965)
Succession
McCormack was quickly sworn in following the death of President Johnson the same night. He was sworn in by Chief Justice Earl Warren, who had hurried back to Washington after receiving the news of the president's death. He was then transported to the white house where he made the first announcement of the late presidents death and his accesion to the presidency.
In the days following the deaths of the both presidents, John W. McCormack made an address to congress saying that "President Kennedy and President Johnson died fighting for this beautiful country we call America, I promise you here and now that I will find those responsible and make sure they are brought to justice"
On November 29,1963, just one week after the assassinations, McCormack established a panel headed by Chief Justice Earl Warren, known as the Warren commission, through executive order to investigate the assassinations and the surrounding conspiracies. The commission conducted extensive research and hearings and unanimously concluded that the two deaths were not linked to each other and that the death of President Johnson could have been prevented if correct security procedures had been followed.
McCormack retained most of the Kennedy cabinet including Attorney General Robert Kennedy. Robert Kennedy remained in office only a couple of months until he resigned to run for the US Senate. McCormack appointed former deputy director of the peace corps Bill Moyers as the next white house press secretary.
Legislative initiatives
The new president quickly decided that he needed to follow up on the late President Kennedy's primary legislative goal which was a tax cut. McCormack himself opposed a tax cut but nevertheless pursued it. He worked closely Harry F. Byrd of Virginia to negotiate a reduction in the budget below 150 billion in exchange for what overwhelmingly became senate approval of the 1964 revenue act. In late 1963, McCormack convinced both the house and senate to approve of his bill which after some minor adjustments in regards to presidential candidates, became the 1964 presidential security act. After his presidency, McCormack said that this was the act he was most proud of having been passed.
Civil Rights Act of 1964
In June 1963, President Kennedy had submitted a civil rights bill to congress which was met with strong opposition. McCormack renewed the effort and asked Attorney General Robert Kennedy to spearhead the effort. As the former speaker of the house and a representative for many years, McCormack was well aware of the procedural tactic, which he himself had used in the house previously. McCormack was reminded of the time when former President Truman had attempted to submit a civil rights bill. In that instance, a rent control renewal bill was held up until the civil rights bill was withdrawn. He was nearly certain that his bill would suffer the same fate if he did not alter his strategy. By tackling the tax cut bill first, the former opposition strategy was eliminated.
In order to make the bill pass in House, it required getting it through the rules committee which had been holding it up in an attempt to kill it. McCormack decided on a campaign of using the discharge petition to force the bill onto the House floor. Due to this and a growing threat that they would be bypassed, the House rules committee approved the bill and moved it to the floor of the full House. Shortly after this, it passed the House by a vote of 290-110.
Due to the tax cut bill having been passed, the anti-civil rights senators were left with the filibuster as their only remaining tool. Overcoming the filibuster was no easy task, as it required getting the support of more than 20 republicans. However, McCormack was able to convince the republican Senate leader Everett Dirksen to support the bill that amassed the necessary republican votes to overcome the filibuster in March 1964. After 60 hours of debate,the bill passed the senate by a vote of 71-29. McCormack signed the fortified civil Rights act of 1964 into law on July 2.
1964 presidental election
President McCormack decided to not seek election to a full term and instead endorsed the democratic front runner Robert F. Kennedy.
Section heading
Write the first section of your page here.
Section heading
Write the second section of your page here.