The chamber of Legislative Council of Japan
The Legislative Council of Japan (ﾘｯﾎﾟｳｲﾝ; 立法院 Rippō-in), also colloquially known as the Sadametsukuri (ｻﾀﾞﾒﾂｸﾘ, literally "law-writer"), is the national legislature of Japan. According to the Constitution of Japan, the Legislative Council exercises daily legislative function of the nation and some of National Congress functions and powers when the Congress in recess. The Legislative Council members elected from among the Congress members itself every one years.
The Legislative Council is held a regular meeting at least once a month in the right wing of National Congress Building, Tokyo, the national capital of Japan.
Elections[]
The election for the Legislative Council is held every two years by the National Congress of Japan based on the principle of National Democracy. Every political group in Congress must elect their representatives to the Council following the proportional representation system. The political groups that gained more than three seats in the Congress can send at least 40% of the number of their seats to the Legislative Council.
According to the political convention in Japan, the election held by every political groups separately. Usually, the Nationalist Party uses two memberships system as the Party always has largest number of seats in the Congress. First, the “standing members”, are the Nationalist Congressmen who nominated directly by the Party and guaranteed to held the Legislative membership for whole four years. Second, the “rotating members”, are the other Congressmen who are not the "standing members" that rotated every one term of membership and determined by the random ballot held by the Party.
Meanwhile, another political groups simply use the random ballot system to rotate the Legislative membership among themselves. The Congressional leader of each political groups usually held the “standing membership” for their respective group. Every rotating members of Legislative Council not allowed to be re-elected again.
Functions and powers[]
According to the Constitution of Japan, the main functions of the Legislative Council are to formulate and to issue the state legislation, to formulate and to submit the bill of national budget to the Congress, and to receive the report from the Council of Ministers.
Additional powers of the Legislative Council are described in the 1946 Supplementary to the Constitution Regarding the Functions and Powers of the Legislative Council, the Council has the rights to appoint the members of National Court of Japan before being confirmed by Congress, to question the President of the Republic and other government officials and to monitor the duties of the Council of Ministers. If the Legislative Council find the Council of Ministers does not carry out its duties properly, the former can submit the proposal of motion of no confidence to the National Congress.