Kingdom of Libya المملكة الليبية Timeline: Cherry, Plum, and Chrysanthemum
OTL equivalent: Libya | ||||||
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Motto: لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا ٱلله مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُوْلُ ٱلله (Arabic) ("There is no god but God; Muhammad is the messenger of God") |
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Anthem: Lībiyā, Lībiyā, Lībiyā |
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Location of Libya
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Capital | (spiritual) Bayda (temporal) Tripoli | |||||
Official languages | Arabic | |||||
Ethnic groups | Libyans; Tunisians; Berbers; Italians | |||||
Religion | Islam; Christianity | |||||
Demonym | Libyan | |||||
Government | Unitary state; Constitutional sacerdotal monarchy | |||||
- | Caliph | Ahmed II | ||||
- | King | Muhammad II | ||||
- | Prime Minister | Ahmed Maiteeq | ||||
Legislature | Parliament of Libya | |||||
Establishment | ||||||
- | Italo-Senussi Treaty of Mutual Understanding | June 14, 1924 | ||||
- | Libyan Independence Treaty | January 13, 1957 | ||||
Population | ||||||
- | estimate | 7,252,573 | ||||
Currency | Libyan dinar (LYD ) |
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Time zone | EET (UTC+2) | |||||
Internet TLD | .ly | |||||
Calling code | +218 |
Libya (Arabic: ليبيا Lībiyā), officially the Kingdom of Libya (Arabic: المملكة الليبية al-Mamlakah al-Lībiyyah), is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the United Arab Republic to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, the West African Federation to the southwest, Algeria to the west, and Tunisia to the northwest. The Latin name "Libya" is based on the name of the region west of the Nile (Λιβύη) used by the Ancient Greeks and Romans for all of North Africa, and was again adopted during the period of Italian protectorate beginning in 1911.
The kingdom is a unitary state made of three autonomous regions: Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica. Bayda, the capital of Libya, is also the seat for the Senussi Caliphate, one of supreme religious and political authorities among the Sunni Muslim community worldwide (the other one is the Hashemite Caliphate in Hejaz). The largest city, Tripoli, is located in western Libya and contains over one million of Libya's six million people. With an area of almost 1.8 million square kilometers (700,000 sq mi), Libya is the sixth largest country in Africa, and is the 18th largest country in the world. Libya also has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world.
History[]
Italian North Africa (1881–1943)[]
World War I (1915–1918)[]
Senussi resistances (1922–1924)[]

Ahmed Sharif I as-Senussi, the Senussi Caliph of Islam (1924–33)
After the founding of Republic of Turkey, Mustafa Kemal, the President of Turkey, was not dare to abolish the Caliphate immediately, as it still commanded a considerable degree of support from the Muslims worldwide. He approached Ahmed Sharif as-Senussi, the former leader of the Senussi Order, which was at Turkey at that time to assume the position of Caliph. On the condition that he resides outside Turkey, Ahmed declined the offer and affirmed his support for Ottoman caliph Abdulmecid II. However, Kemal pressured Ahmed that the only outcome of his rejection was the formal abolition of Caliphate.
After consulting his cousin, Mohammad Idris, Ahmed was convinced that accepting the caliphacy will be beneficial for the Cyrenaicans to resist the Italians. Abdulmecid abdicated on March 3, 1924 and Ahmed was declared new caliph. Ahmed then called the “holy war” against the Italians. The call was answered with widespread solidarity demonstrations and civil disobedience by the Muslims across North Africa and in India which have previously loyal to the Ottomans. France and the United Kingdom, which feared large anti-colonial rebellions, demanded Italy to stop aggressive military campaign in Libya, especially in suppressing the Senussis. Facing international protests, Italy stopped its colonial campaign and Ahmed returned to Cyrenaica in 1924.
Treaties of Protection (1924–1943)[]
World War II (1939–1943)[]
Allied occupation (1943–1947)[]
United Nations trusteeship (1947–1957)[]
References[]
Further readings[]
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