Changes: List of Kings of The Kingdoms of Austria & Bohemia (The Kalmar Union)

Revision as of 13:30, 16 February 2018

As per tradition the kingdoms of Austria and Bohemia are held in personal union. Bohemia's crown dates (officially) from 1212. Austria's a more recent 1898.

Austria

Austria was originally a march (margraviate) within Bavaria.

House of Babenberg
Leopold I		(976-994)
Henry I		(994-1018
Adalbert		(1018-1055)
Ernest		(1055-1075)
Leopold II		(1075-1095)
Leopold III		(1095-1136)
Leopold IV		(1137-1141)
Henry II		(1141-1156)

The 1156 Prviliegium Minus elevates the March to a Duchy, making it independent of Bavaria.

House of Babenberg
Henry II		(1156-1177)
Leopold V		(1177-1194)
Frederick I		(1195-1198)
Leopold VI		(1198-1230)
Frederick II		(1230-1246)

After Frederick's death Austria is disputed between various claimants, the longest lasting being Ottokar II of Bohemia (1251-1278). He is eventually defeated by Emperor Rudolph I who would divide his lands between his sons.

House of Hapsburg
Rudolph I		(1278-1282)
Albert I		(1282-1308)
Rudolph II		(1282-1283)
Rudolph III		(1282-1307)
Frederick I		(1308-1330)
Leopold I		(1308-1326)
Albert II		(1330-1358)
Otto I		(1330-1339)
Frederick II		(1339-1344)
Leopold II		(1339-1344)
Rudolph IV		(1358-1365)
Albert III		(1365-1379)

Albert's three sons divide the duchy (the title of Archduke was a 1359 fabrication which was only confirmed in 1513 when Austria was reunited). The death of his cousins without heirs allows Sigismund, duke of Inner Austria, to reunite the lands over the course of his rule.

House of Hapsburg
Sigismund		(1513-1524)
Maximilian I		(1524-1543)
Maximilian II		(1543-1569)
Albert IV		(1569-1580)
Frederick III Emperor Frederick VI		(1580-1606)
Charles I Emperor Charles VI		(1606-1631)
Rudolph II Emperor Rudolph II		(1631-1649)
Rudolph III Emperor Rudolph III		(1649-1687)
Charles II		(1687-1702)
Rupert Emperor Rupert		(1702-1748)
Maximilian III		(1748-1750)
Frederick III		(1750-1769)
Leopold III		(1769-1800)
Maximilian IV		(1800-1816)
Charles III		(1816-1842)
George Emperor George		(1842-1864)
Leopold IV		(1864-1896)
Charles IV		(1896-1898)

After much bartering in the Imperial Diet the title of King of Austria is finally bestowed on the Archdukes in 1898, though this came with the provision, occasionally contested, that they should not pursue an additional electorate for Austria.

House of Hapsburg
Charles I		(1898-1905)
Leopold I		(1905-1908)
Leopold II		(1908-1920)
Charles II Emperor Charles VIII		(1920-1955)
Leopold III		(1955-1987)
Leopold IV		(1987-2009)
Leopold V		(2009-)

Bohemia

The Kings of Bohemia are usually dated from 1212 when the title was confirmed by the Sicilian Bull, though an illustrious line of Dukes stretches back to the early 9th century. Previous dukes did claim the title of king however it was not a hereditary title.

House of Premyslid
Ottokar I		(1198-1230)
Wenceslaus I		(1230-1253)
Ottokar II		(1253-1278)
Wenceslaus II		(1278-1305)
Wenceslaus III		(1305-1306)

House of Meinhardiner
Henry I		(1306, 1307-1310)

House of Hapsburg
Rudolph I		(1306-1307)

John of Luxembourg marries Elizabeth, the last heir of Wenceslaus II.

House of Luxembourg
John I		(1310-1346)
Charles I	File:Charles I Luxem (The Kalmar Union).png	(1346-1374)
Wenceslaus IV Emperor Wenceslaus		(1374-1400)
Charles II Emperor Charles IV		(1400-1426)
Sigismund I Emperor Sigismund I		(1426-1437)
Matthew Emperor Matthew		(1437-1444)
John II		(1444-1478)
Sigismund II Emperor Sigismund II		(1478-1502)
John III Emperor John I		(1502-1536)
Wenceslaus V		(1536-1540)
Henry II of Prague Queen Joanna as regent		(1540-1550)

The death of Henry of Prague before he can reach his majority gives the Bohemian magnates, an opportunity to break with Luxembourg rule. Maximilian II of Austria is elected.

House of Hapsburg
Maximilian I		(1543-1569)
Albert I		(1569-1580)
Frederick I Emperor Frederick VI		(1580-1606)
Charles III Emperor Charles VI		(1606-1618)

During the Bohemian Revolt which began the Fifty Years War the Protestant Bohemian nobles rejected the Austrian archduke and with Schmalkaldic support elected William-George, Duke of Oldenburg King of Bohemia. His rule lasted only until the Catholic Empire marshals its forces and reconquers Bohemia.

House of Oldenburg
William George	File:William-George Old (The Kalmar Union).png	(1618-1621)
Catherine In Pretense	File:Catherine of Oldenburg (The Kalmar Union).png	(1629-1668)

The Treaty of Copenhagen returns Bohemia to Luxembourg rule, a sop to offset their loss of Brandenburg and a snub to Austria.

House of Luxembourg
Henry III	File:Henry X Luxem (The Kalmar Union).png	(1668-1669)
John IV Emperor John II	File:John IV Luxem (The Kalmar Union).png	(1669-1680)

While John IV is on his apparent deathbed (he recovers) the Prague Diet decides they will not accept the reactionary and widely despised Prince Charles of Utrecht as his successor. The nobles reach out to Austria. Archduke (and Emperor) Rudolph III is confirmed as king after the brief and indecisive War of Bohemian Succession.

House of Hapsburg
Rudolph II Emperor Rudolph III		(1680-1687)
Charles IV		(1687-1702)
Rupert Emperor Rupert		(1702-1748)
Maximilian II		(1748-1750)
Frederick III		(1750-1769)
Leopold I		(1769-1800)
Maximilian III		(1800-1816)
Charles V		(1816-1842)
George Emperor George		(1842-1864)
Leopold II		(1864-1896)
Charles VI		(1896-1898)
Leopold III		(1905-1908)
Leopold IV		(1908-1920)
Charles VII Emperor Charles VIII		(1920-1955)
Leopold V		(1955-1987)
Leopold VI		(1987-2009)
Leopold VII		(2009-)

@@ Line 147: / Line 147: @@
 |(1580-1606)
 |-
-|Charles I<br />
+|[[Charles I of Austria (The Kalmar Union)|Charles I]]<br />
 ''Emperor Charles VI''
+|[[File:William_Scrots_001.jpg|75px|border]]
-|
 |(1606-1631)
 |-
@@ Line 361: / Line 361: @@
 |(1580-1606)
 |-
-|Charles III<br />
+|[[Charles I of Austria (The Kalmar Union)|Charles III]]<br />
 ''Emperor Charles VI''
+|[[File:William_Scrots_001.jpg|75px|border]]
-|
 |(1606-1618)
 |}