Full name
|
Emblems
|
Capital
|
Government
|
Leadership
|
Flag
|
Arms/Seal
|
Head of state
|
Head of government
|
Kingdom of Croatia
Kraljevina Hrvatska
|
|
|
Zagreb
|
Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
|
King King Aimone II
|
Prime Minister
Andrej Plenković
|
Tsardom of Bulgaria
Tsarstvo Bŭlgarsko
|
|
|
Sofia
|
Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
|
Tsar
Simeon II
|
Prime Minister
Nikolina Angelkova
|
Republic of Romandy
Republik da Romandia
|
|
|
Turitg
|
Federal presidential republic
|
President
Viola Amherd
|
Vice President
Ignazio Cassis
|
Republic of Ireland
Poblacht na hÉireann
|
|
|
Dublin
|
Unitary parliamentary republic
|
President
Michael D. Higgins
|
Taoiseach
Simon Harris
|
Kingdom of France
Royaume de France
|
|
|
Paris
|
Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
|
King
Jean IV
|
Prime Minister
Emmanuel Macron
|
Federal Republic of Germany
Bundesrepublik Deutschland
|
|
|
Berlin
|
Federal parliamentary republic
|
President
Friedrich Merz
|
Chancellor
Armin Laschet
|
United Kingdom of England and Scotland
|
|
|
London
|
Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
|
King
Charles III
|
Prime Minister
Liz Kendall
|
Republic of Finland
Suomen tasavalta
|
|
|
Helsinki
|
Unitary parliamentary republic
|
President
Sauli Niinistö
|
Prime Minister
Sanna Marin
|
Kingdom of Portugal
Reino de Portugal
|
|
|
Lisbon
|
Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
|
King
Pio I
|
Prime Minister
Luís Montenegro
|
Kingdom of The Netherlands
Koninkrijk der Nederlanden
|
|
|
Amsterdam
|
Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
|
King
Willem-Alexander
|
Prime Minister
Mark Rutte
|
United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway
Förenade Konungarikena Sverige och Norge
De forenede Kongeriger Norge og Sverige
|
|
|
Stockholm
|
Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
|
King of Sweden
Carl XVI Gustaf
King of Norway
Harald V
|
Prime Minister
Ulf Kristersson
|
Russian Federation
Российская Федерация
|
|
|
Moscow
|
Federal semi-presidential republic
|
President
Andrey Turchak
|
Prime Minister
Vasily Yakemenko
|
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg
|
|
|
Luxembourg
|
Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
|
Grand Duke
Henri
|
Prime Minister
Luc Frieden
|
Kingdom of Denmark
Kongeriget Danmark
|
|
|
Copenhagen
|
Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
|
King of Denmark Frederik X
|
Prime Minister
Mette Frederiksen
|
Kingdom of Italy
Regno D'Italia
|
|
|
Rome
|
Unitary constitutional monarchy
|
King
King Emanuele Filiberto V
|
Prime Minister
Elly Schlein
|
Second Spanish Republic
Segunda República Española
|
|
|
Madrid
|
Unitary semi-presidential republic
|
President
José Manuel Tofiño
|
Prime Minister
Pedro Sánchez
|
Republic of Austria
Republik Österreich
|
|
|
Vienna
|
Federal semi-presidential republic
|
President
Alexander Van der Bellen
|
Chancellor
Karl Nehammer
|
Ukrainian People's Republic
Українська Народня Республіка
|
|
|
Kyiv
|
Unitary semi-presidential republic
|
President
Volodymyr Zelenskyy
|
Prime Minister
Yulia Ovchynnykova
|
Byzantine Empire
Βυζαντινή Αυτοκρατορία
|
|
|
Constantinople
|
Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
|
King
Pavlos II
|
Prime Minister
Zoe Rapti
|
Principality of Monaco
Principauté de Monaco
|
|
|
Monaco
|
Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy
|
Monarch
Albert II
|
Minister of State
Didier Guillaume
|
Republic of Estonia
Eesti Vabariik
|
|
|
Tallinn
|
Unitary parliamentary republic
|
President
Alar Karis
|
Prime Minister
Kristen Michal
|
Republic of Courland
Kurzemes Republika
|
|
|
Riga
|
Unitary presidential republic
|
President
Edgars Rinkēvičs
|
Prime Minister
Evika Siliņa
|
Republic of Livonia
Livonijas Republika
|
|
|
Valmeira
|
Unitary presidential republic
|
President
Dāvis Mārtiņš Daugavietis
|
Vice President
Anatolijs Mackevičs
|
Kingdom of Romania
Regatul României
|
|
|
Bucharest
|
Constitutional monarchy
|
Queen
Margareta I
|
Prime Minister
Klaus Iohannis
|
Kingdom of Serbia
Краљевина Србија
|
|
|
Belgrade
|
Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
|
King Alexander II
|
Prime Minister Dubravka Đedović
|
Principality of Andorra
Principat d'Andorra
|
|
|
Andorra la Vella
|
Unitary parliamentary diarchic constitutional co-principality
|
Co-Princes Joan Enric Vives i Sicília
Emmanuel Macron
|
Prime Minister Xavier Espot Zamora
|
Republic of Ragusa
Republica de Ragusa
|
|
|
Ragusa
|
Unitary Presidential Republic
|
President Mato Franković
|
Rector Furio Radin
|
Republic of Slovenia
Republika Slovenija
|
|
|
Ljubljana
|
Unitary parliamentary republic
|
President Nataša Pirc Musar
|
Prime Minister Robert Golob
|