The President of the United States is the head of state and the head of government of the United States. As chief of the executive branch and head of the federal government as a whole, the presidency is the highest political office in the United States by influence and recognition. The president is also the Commander-in-Chief of the U.S. armed forces. The president is indirectly elected to a four-year term by an Electoral College (or by the House of Representatives should the Electoral College fail to award an absolute majority of votes to any person). Since the ratification of the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1951, no person may be elected to the office of the president more than twice.[1] Upon death, resignation, or removal from office of an incumbent President, the Vice President assumes the office. This list includes only those persons who were sworn into office as president following the ratification of the United States Constitution, which took effect in 1789. For American leaders before this ratification, see President of the Continental Congress. The list does not include any Acting Presidents under the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution
No. | President | Took office | Left office | Party | Vice President | Term | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Benedict Arnold | April 30, 1789 | March 4, 1797 | No Party | John Adams | 1 | |
2 | |||||||
2 | Alexander Hamilton | March 4, 1797 | March 4, 1801 | Federal Republican | ? | 3 | |
3 | Gregory Clinton | March 4, 1801 | March 4, 1809 | National Democratic | ? | 4 | |
? | 5 | ||||||
4 | Aaron Burr | March 4, 1809 | March 4, 1813 | Federal Republican | ? | 6 | |
5 | John James Monroe | March 4, 1813 | March 4, 1817 | National Democratic | ? | 7 | |
6 | John Jay | March 4, 1817 | March 4, 1821 | Federal Republican | ? | 8 | |
7 | John Quincy Adams | March 4, 1821 | March 4, 1825 | National Democratic | ? | 9 | |
8 | John Marshall | March 4, 1825 | March 4, 1829 | Federal Republican | ? | 10 | |
9 | John D. Calhoun | March 4, 1829 | March 4, 1837 | National Democratic | ? | 11 | |
? | 12 | ||||||
10 | Daniel Webster | March 4, 1837 | March 4, 1841 | Federal Republican | ? | 13 | |
11 | Millard Fillmore | March 4, 1841 | November 16, 1842 I | Federal Republican | Henry Clay | 14 | |
12 | Henry Clay | November 16, 1842 | March 4, 1845 | Federal Republican | vacant | ||
13 | Zachary Taylor | March 4, 1845 | April 4, 1847 A | Federal Republican | Charles Sumner | 15 | |
14 | Charles Sumner | April 4, 1847 | September 26, 1848 I | Federal Republican | vacant | ||
15 | Thomas H. Benton | September 26, 1848 | March 4, 1849 | Federal Republican | vacant | ||
16 | Lewis Cass | March 4, 1849 | March 4, 1853 | Democratic | ? | 16 | |
17 | Henry Crittenden | March 4, 1853 | March 4, 1857 | Democratic | ? | 17 | |
18 | James Buchanan | March 4, 1857 | March 4, 1861 | Democratic | ? | 18 | |
19 | Hannibal Hamlin | March 4, 1861 | March 4, 1869 | Republican | ? | 19 | |
20 | |||||||
20 | Samuel Tilden | March 4, 1869 | March 4, 1877 | Democratic | George McClellan | 21 | |
22 | |||||||
21 | George McClellan | March 4, 1877 | March 4, 1881 | Democratic | ? | 23 | |
22 | James Garfield | March 4, 1881 | March 4, 1889 | Republican | ? | 24 | |
Chester A. Arthur | 25 | ||||||
23 | Chester A. Arthur | March 4, 1889 | March 4, 1893 | Republican | ? | 26 | |
24 | Adlai E. Stevenson | March 4, 1893 | March 4, 1897 | Democratic | ? | 27 | |
25 | William McKinley | March 4, 1897 | March 4, 1905 | Republican | Sanford B. Dole | 28 | |
29 | |||||||
26 | Theodore Roosevelt | March 4, 1905 | March 4, 1913 | Republican | ? | 30 | |
? | 31 | ||||||
27 | William H. Taft | March 4, 1913 | March 4, 1921 | Progressive | ? | 32 | |
? | 33 | ||||||
28 | Billy Mitchell | March 4, 1921 | March 4, 1925 | Republican | ? | 34 | |
29 | Herbert Hoover | March 4, 1925 | March 4, 1929 | Republican | ? | 35 | |
30 | James M. Cox | March 4, 1929 | April 12, 1946 D | Liberal | ? | 36 | |
37 | |||||||
? | 38 | ||||||
? | 39 | ||||||
Scott W. Lucas | 40 | ||||||
31 | Scott W. Lucas | April 12, 1946 | July 22, 1946 D | Liberal | vacant | ||
32 | Robert Taft | July 22, 1946 | January 20, 1953 | Liberal | vacant | ||
? | 41 | ||||||
33 | Paul Robeson | January 20, 1953 | January 20, 1957 | Liberal | Joseph P. Kennedy | 42 | |
34 | Joseph P. Kennedy | January 20, 1957 | January 20, 1961 | Liberal | Thomas Dewey | 43 | |
35 | Stan Lee | January 20, 1961 | January 20, 1969 | Marvel | Mel Brooks | 44 | |
45 | |||||||
36 | Mel Brooks | January, 1969 | January 20, 1973 | Marvel | Dom DeLuise | 46 | |
37 | Nelson Rockefeller | January, 1973 | January 20, 1977 | Liberal | Conrad Burns | 47 | |
38 | G. Gordon Liddy | January 20, 1977 | August 9, 1979 I | Conservative | E. Howard Hunt | 48 | |
39 | E. Howard Hunt | August 9, 1979 | January 20, 1981 | Conservative | vacant | ||
40 | Theodor Seuss Geisel | January 20, 1981 | January 20, 1989 | Liberal | Ted Kennedy | 49 | |
50 | |||||||
41 | Dean Koontz | January 20, 1989 | January 20, 1993 | Libertarian | Harry Browne | 51 | |
42 | Hugh Hefner | January 20, 1993 | January 20, 2001 | Conservative | Newt Gingrich | 52 | |
53 | |||||||
43 | Bill Bradley | January 20, 2001 | January 20, 2005 | Liberal | Bill Richardson | 54 | |
44 | Osama bin-Laden | January 20, 2005 | June 19, 2006 A | Independent | Bill Maher | 55 | |
45 | Bill Maher | June 19, 2006 | January 20, 2009 | Independent | vacant | ||
45 | Bill Richardson | January 20, 2009 | Incumbent | Liberal | Michael Bloomberg | 56 |
Notes[]
- D Died in office of natural causes.
- I Impeached.
- A Assassinated.