| President of the Confederate States | |
|---|---|
 Seal of the Confederate States | |
| Style | Her Excellency |
| Residence | Executive Mansion, Richmond, Virginia |
| Appointer | Electoral College |
| Term length | Six years |
| Constituting instrument | Constitution of the Confederate States |
| Formation | February 18, 1861 (provisional) February 22, 1862 (permanent) |
| First holder | Jefferson Davis |
The President of the Confederate States of America is the elected head of state and government of the Confederate States. The president also heads the executive branch of government and is commander-in-chief of the Army and Navy, and of the militia of the states when called into Confederate service.
Article II of the Confederate States Constitution vested the executive power of the Confederacy in the president. The power included the execution of law, alongside the responsibility of appointing executive, diplomatic, regulatory and judicial officers, and concluding treaties with foreign powers with the advice and consent of the senate. He is further empowered to grant reprieves and pardons, and convene and adjourn either or both houses of Congress under extraordinary circumstances.
The president is indirectly elected by the people through the Electoral College to single six-year term, and is one of only two nationally elected Confederate officers, the other being the Vice President. On February 18, 1861, Jefferson Davis became the inaugural president of the provisional government. On February 22, 1862, he became president of the permanent government.
Confederate States of America (1861–1941)[]
| No. | President | Took office | Left office | Party | Previous office | Vice President | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 
|
Jefferson Davis
(1808-1889) |
February 18, 1861 | February 22, 1868 | Dixiecrat | U.S. Senator from Mississippi (1857–1861) | Alexander Stephens |
| 2 | 
|
Alexander Stephens
(1812-1883) |
February 22, 1868 | February 22, 1874 | Dixiecrat | Confederate Vice President (1861-1868) | Judah P. Benjamin |
| 3 | 
|
Judah P. Benjamin
(1811-1884) |
February 22, 1874 | February 22, 1880 | Dixiecrat | Confederate Vice President (1868-1874) | John C. Breckinridge D
(1873-1875) |
| 4 | 
|
John Henninger Reagan
(1818-1905) |
February 22, 1880 | February 22, 1886 | Dixiecrat | Secretary of State of the Confederacy (1874-1880) | P. G. T. Beauregard |
| 5 | 
|
William Mahone
(1826-1895) |
February 22, 1886 | February 22, 1892 | Readjuster | CS Senator for Virginia (1880-1886) | James Longstreet |
| 6 | 
|
Wade Hampton III
(1838-1899) |
February 22, 1892 | February 22, 1898 | Dixiecrat | Senator From South Carolina (1880-1892) | Benjamin Tillman |
| 7 | 
|
David Gardiner Tyler
(1846-1927) |
February 22, 1898 | February 22, 1904 | Readjuster | Member of the C.S. House of Representatives (1892-1898) | Marion Butler |
| 8 | 
|
John Sharp Williams
(1854-1932) |
February 22, 1904 | February 22, 1910 | Dixiecrat | Speaker of the CS House of Representatives (1898-1904) | Julian Carr |
| 9 | 
|
Oscar Underwood
(1862-1929) |
February 22, 1910 | February 22, 1916 | Dixiecrat | Speaker of the CS House of Representatives (1904-1910) | Clark Howell |
| 10 | 
|
Woodrow Wilson
(1856-1924) |
February 22, 1916 | February 22, 1922 | Dixiecrat | Governor of Virginia (1908-1912) | Albert Burleson |
| 11 | 
|
Robert Latham Owen
(1856-1947) |
February 22, 1922 | February 22, 1928 | Dixiecrat | CS Senator for Sequoyah (1906-1922) | William McAdoo |
| 12 | 
|
B. Carroll Reece
(1889-1961) |
February 22, 1928 | February 22, 1934 | Readjuster | Member of the CS House of Representatives (1922-1928) | Guy D. Goff D
(1927-1933) |
| 13 | 
|
Huey Long
(1893-1935) |
February 22, 1934 | September 10, 1935D | Dixiecrat | Governor of Louisiana (1928-1932) | John N. Garner |
| 14 | 
|
John N. Garner
(1868-1967) |
September 10, 1935 | February 22, 1939 | Dixiecrat | Vice President of the Confederacy (1934-1935) | None |
| 15 | 
|
Carter Glass
(1858-1946) |
February 22, 1939 | April 22, 1941 | Dixiecrat | CS Senator for Virginia (1920-1939) | William Bankhead D
(1939-1940) |
Chairmen of the Confederation of American Socialist States (1941–1978)[]
| No. | President | Took office | Left office | Party | Previous office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 
|
Clifford Durr
(1899-1975) |
April 22, 1941 | April 22, 1947 | Popular Front | Alabama Lawyer |
| 2 | 
|
Earl Long
(1895-1960) |
April 22, 1947 | May 13, 1952 | Popular Front | Governor of Louisiana (1936-1947) |
| 3 | 
|
Charles Arthur Floyd
(1904-1963) |
May 13, 1952 | October 22, 1963D | Popular Front | Director of the Bureau of National Security (1948-1952) |
| 4 | 
|
Walter Reuther
(1907-1970) |
October 22, 1963 | May 9, 1970D | Popular Front | Secretary of the Popular Front (1952-1963) |
| 5 | 
|
Fidel Castro
(1926-2016) |
May 9, 1970 | April 26, 1978 | Popular Front | Governor of Cuba (1959-1970) |
Presidents of the Confederate States of America in Exile (1941–1978)[]
| No. | President | Took office | Left office | Party | Previous office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15 |
|
Carter Glass
(1858-1946) |
April 22, 1941 | February 19, 1945 | Dixiecrat | CS Senator for Virginia (1920-1939) |
| 16 | 
|
Harry F. Byrd
(1887-1966) |
February 19, 1945 | November 19, 1956 | Dixiecrat | CS Senator for Virginia (1933-1945) |
| 17 | 
|
Richard Russell Jr.
(1897-1971) |
November 19, 1956 | February 18, 1961 | Dixiecrat | CS Senator from Georgia (1933-1943) |
| 18 | 
|
Lyndon B. Johnson
(1908-1973) |
February 18, 1961 | February 17, 1969 | Dixiecrat | Governor of the Texan Government-in-Exile
(1949 - 1957) |
| 19 | 
|
George Wallace
(1919-1998) |
February 17, 1969 | February 17, 1975 | Dixiecrat | Chief Justice of the Alabama Supreme Court (1963-1969) |
| 20 | 
|
Jimmy Carter
(1924-2024) |
February 17, 1975 | April 26, 1978 | Dixiecrat | Governor of Georgia (1971-1975) |
Reestablished Confederate States of America (since 1978)[]
| No. | President | Took office | Left office | Party | Previous office | Vice President | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 |
|
Jimmy Carter
(1924-2024) |
April 26, 1978 | February 16, 1981 | Dixiecrat | Terry Sanford | |
| 21 | 
|
John Connally
(1917-1993) |
February 16, 1981 | February 16, 1987 | Dixiecrat | C.S. Secretary of the Treasury (1975-1981) | Cliff Finch |
| 22 | 
|
Howard Baker
(1925-2014) |
February 16, 1987 | February 15, 1993 | Readjuster | C.S. Senator for Tennessee (1973-1985) | G. William Whitehurst |
| 23 | 
|
Bill Clinton
(1946) |
February 15, 1993 | February 15, 1999 | Dixiecrat | Governor of Arkansas (1983-1992) | Al Gore |
| 24 | 
|
Al Gore
(1948) |
February 15, 1999 | February 21, 2005 | Dixiecrat | Confederate Vice President (1993-1999) | Fritz Hollings |
| 25 | 
|
Condoleezza Rice
(1954) |
February 21, 2005 | February 21, 2011 | Readjuster | President of the College of William and Mary (1994-2005) | Nikki Haley |
| 26 | 
|
Mike Huckabee
(1955) |
February 21, 2011 | February 20, 2017 | Booth | Governor of Arkansas (1996-2007) | Rick Perry |
| 27 | 
|
Marco Rubio
(1971) |
February 20, 2017 | February 20, 2023 | Readjuster | CS Senator for Cuba (2011-2017) | Lindsey Graham |
| 28 | 
|
Nikki Haley
(1972) |
February 20, 2023 | Present | Readjuster | Governor of South Carolina (2015-2017) | Ben Affleck |
Notes[]
- D Died in office.
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