| Empire of Greater Manchukuo Dà Mǎnzhōu Dìguó Timeline: Sons of Leszczynski
大滿洲帝國 OTL equivalent: Chinese provinces of Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning | ||||||
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| Anthem: "鞏金甌" (Cup of Solid Gold) |
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| Capital | Changchun | |||||
| Largest city | Harbin | |||||
| Other cities | Mukden, Dalian, Jilin | |||||
| Official languages | Japanese, Chinese | |||||
| Religion | State Shinto,Manchu folk religion, Buddhism, Orthodox Christianity | |||||
| Demonym(s) | Manchu, Manchurian | |||||
| Government | Federal Parliamentary Monarchy | |||||
| - | Empress | Aisin Gioro Husheng | ||||
| - | Prime Minister | James Soong | ||||
| Legislature | Legislative Council | |||||
| Currency | Manchukuo Yuan | |||||
The Empire of Greater Manchukuo is a nation that is located Northwest of Korea, West of Japan, Southeast of Russia and west of China. It is the sovereign nation of the Manchu people and the last bastion of old Imperial China under the rule of the Qing Dynasty.
History[]
Background[]
The Qing dynasty, which replaced the Shun and Ming dynasties in China, was founded by Manchus from Manchuria (modern Northeast China). The Manchu emperors separated their homeland in Jilin and Heilongjiang from the Han Liaoning province with the Willow Palisade. This ethnic division continued until the Qing dynasty encouraged the massive immigration of Han in the 19th century during Chuang Guandong to prevent the Russians from seizing the area from the Qing. After conquering the Ming, the Qing identified their state as "China" (中國, Zhongguo; "Central Realm") and referred to it as "Dulimbai Gurun" in Manchu. The Qing equated the lands of the Qing state (including present day Manchuria, Xinjiang, Mongolia, Tibet and other areas) as "China" in both the Chinese and Manchu languages, defining China as a multi-ethnic state, rejecting the idea that China only meant Han areas, and proclaiming that both Han and non-Han peoples were part of "China". The Qing state used "China" to refer to the Qing in official documents, international treaties, and foreign affairs; the "Chinese language" (Dulimbai gurun i bithe) referred to Chinese, Manchu, and Mongol languages; and the term "Chinese people" (中國人 Zhongguo ren; Manchu: Dulimbai gurun i niyalma) referred to all Han, Manchu and Mongol subjects of the Qing. The lands in Manchuria were explicitly stated by the Qing to belong to "China" (Zhongguo, Dulimbai gurun) in Qing edicts and in the Treaty of Nerchinsk.
During the Qing dynasty, the area of Manchuria was known as the "three eastern provinces" (三東省; Sān dōng shěng): in 1683 Jilin and Heilongjiang were separated even though it was not until 1907 that they were turned into actual provinces. The area of Manchuria was then converted into three provinces by the late Qing government in 1907. From that time the "Three Northeast Provinces" (traditional Chinese: 東北三省; simplified Chinese: 东北三省; pinyin: Dōngběi Sānshěng) was officially used by the Qing government in China to refer to this region, and the post of Viceroy of Three Northeast Provinces was established to take charge of these provinces.
As the power of the court in Beijing weakened, many outlying areas either broke free (such as Kashgar) or fell under the control of Imperialist powers. In the 19th century, Imperial Russia was most interested in the northern lands of the Qing Empire. In 1858, Russia gained control over a huge tract of land called Outer Manchuria thanks to the Supplementary Treaty of Beijing that ended the Second Opium War. But Russia was not satisfied and, as the Qing Dynasty continued to weaken, it made further efforts to take control of the rest of Manchuria. Inner Manchuria came under strong Russian influence in the 1890s with the building of the Chinese Eastern Railway through Harbin to Vladivostok.
Japan had won against China in the Sino-Japanese war and Germany allowed Japan to gain the region of Manchuria and Korea as a way for them both to weaken Russia in order for Germany to maintain its interests in Eastern Europe and for Japan to maintain its colonial interests in Asia and make it impossible for Russia to get warm water without having to pay Germany or Japan money in order to get warm water. Japan had depleted the resources of Manchuria and annexed Manchuria itself with Taiwan as colonies of Japan. Korea because of this remained independent but as a Japanese puppet state.
The Revolution of 1912 had resulted in the Qing Dynasty being ousted by Republicans who installed a Republic ruled by the Kuomintang as the ruling party. However their rule was very unstable and the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists ousted the republican regime with ease and they established a new Imperial Dynasty ruled by the Duke of Yansheng as Emperor of China. This resulted in the Manchu elites fleeing to the Japanese Colony of Manchuko which Japan gave it independence as a Japanese Puppet State/
Manchukuo as a Japanese puppet state and a member of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere had joined Japan, Iran and Germany in their invasion of the communist Russia threat which resulted in Russia having to fight a three way war that it lost. Manchukuo had also backed Monarchist America against the US under Walt Disney's dictatorship and Canada in their efforts to help the Soviet Union destroy Germany and allies and get their territories back. Manchukuo and its allies won the fight against the Triple Alliance and eradicated the Soviet threat which gave Manchukuo an era of peace and stability.
Puyi the Great of Manchukuo had ruled the nation until his death in the 60s and his brother Pujie had taken the throne, Pujie tried to make his eldest daughter Aisin-Gioro Huisheng the wife of his rival claimant Aisin Jueluo Yuyan and adopt Yuyan and his sons (the potential stepchildren of his eldest daughter as his heirs). However Aisin Gioro Huisheng had refused to marry someone who was the same age as her uncle and she instead married Goh Kun, a Korean Politician and the marriage was childless. This resulted in Pujie making Husheng the official heir apparent of Manchukuo. Pujie's rule over Manchukuo was mostly reforming Manchukuo in order to make them not dependent on Japan anymore and make it possible for Manchukuo to export products made from Manchukuo's natural resources to other Asian countries and help them recover from having to give their resources to Japan during the interwar and World War II eras.
Politics[]
Executive Branch[]
Manchukuo is a constitutional monarchy ruled by an Emperor/Empress who rules as the ceremonial ruler of Manchukuo and the enforcer of Manchukuo's traditions which are a combination of Manchu and Imperial Chinese traditions. The Monarch is also the head of the religious and educational institutions of Manchukuo and nobody can create laws regarding religion and education without the approval of the Emperor or Empress, those who do not seek permission to do so will be subject to losing their positions in government and they would not be allowed to return to the government. The monarch also has the power to appoint the Prime Minister who is to create a cabinet that represents the interests of the nation internationally.