ᠳᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭ᠋ᠣᠯ (Dayar Mongol) (Mongolian) ("Great Mongolia") | |||||
| Anthem | "ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠶ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠥᠰ (Darxañ Manai Tusgağar Uls)" | ||||
| Capital (and largest city) |
Urga 
| ||||
| Other cities | Erdenet, Darkhan, Hohhot | ||||
| Language | Mongolian | ||||
| Religion | Buddhism | ||||
| Demonym | Mongol | ||||
| Government | Unitary Constitutional Monarchy | ||||
| Khagan | HRM Bogd Khaan | ||||
| Independence | from China | ||||
| declared | 29 December 1911 | ||||
| Currency | Mongolian tögrög | ||||
| Organizations | Great East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere | ||||
Mongolia (Mongol: ᠮᠣᠩᠭ᠋ᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ Mongol Uls, literally Mongol State) is a sovereign country in Eastern Asia. A landlocked country, it is bordered by Manchuria to its east, Russia to its north, Turkestan to its west, and China to its south. Mongolia is a land of vast plains, once the heartland of a nomadic empire spread across the whole world; today the country is still a monarchy, but much smaller than the empires of the Khans of the ancient past.
In its current incarnation, Mongolia was estabilished in 1911, when Bogd Khan was placed on the throne. Later on, the country stopped being a Chinese regional state and achieved full independence, before asking for and obtaining formerly Russian territories (the Buryat lands) during the Russian Civil War: the Mongol-Chinese treaty of 1939 also granted the region of Inner Mongolia, prievously under Chinese control, to the Mongol State. This was in line with the Japanese plan to cut the Chinese Empire down to a less potentially dangerous size. The same year, Mongolia became a part of the Great East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere.
The country is quite large, and its landscape is varied, with the Gobi desert to the south, and cold and mountainous regions to the north; much of the country, however, consists of vast, grass-covered plains. Mongolian is the language spoken by virtually all of the population: Buryat, one of its dialects, is widely used in the northern regions of the country. Buddhism is the state religion, as well as the religion of, again, virtually all of the population.