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| Commonwealth of the Philippines Mancomunidad de Filipinas (Spanish) Timeline: Yellowstone: 1936
Komonwelt ng Pilipinas (Filipino) Philippines OTL equivalent: Commonwealth of the Philippines | |||||
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| Anthem: The Philippine Hymn |
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 Map of the Philippines
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| Capital | Manila | ||||
| Languages | Spanish, English, Filipino | ||||
| Demonym | Filipino | ||||
| Government | Republic | ||||
| - | President | Manuel L. Quezon | |||
| - | Vice President | Sergio Osmeña | |||
| Area | |||||
| - | Total | 300,000 km2 115,831 sq mi |
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| Population | |||||
| - | 1939 estimate | 16,000,303 | |||
| Currency | Peso | ||||
The Commonwealth of the Philippines (Tagalog: Komonwelt ng Pilipinas) was the administrative body that governed the Philippines from 1935 to the beginning of Japanese occupation and eventual annexation following the Pacific War. It replaced the Insular Government, a United States territorial government, and was established by the Tydings–McDuffie Act. The Commonwealth was designed as a transitional administration in preparation for the country's full achievement of independence. During its more than a decade of existence, the Commonwealth had a strong executive and a Supreme Court. Its legislature, dominated by the Nacionalista Party, was at first unicameral, but later bicameral. In 1937, the government selected Tagalog–the language of Manila and its surrounding provinces–as the basis of the national language, although it would be many years before its usage became general.
Following the Yellowstone Eruption of 1936 the Philippines were largely cut off from the rest of the United States. The Philippines would later make contact with the other American remnants of the Pacific region, becoming one of the founding nations of the American Pacific-Asiatic Zone, alongside such nations as the Republic of Hawaii and the Republic of Alaska. This alliance would prove to be critical to the Philippines early survival, helping to transport refugees, supplies, and humanitarian aid between neighboring nations using the former US Pacific Fleet. In 1938 the Empire of Japan invaded the Commonwealth of the Philippines as part of the Philippines Campaign, and successfully occupied the nation after several months of fighting against local soldiers and stationed garrisons of American remnant forces as part of the American Pacific-Asiatic Zone.
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