Republic of Quebec République du Québec Timeline: Differently
OTL equivalent: Quebec, Labrador | ||||||
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Motto: Je me souviens "I remember" |
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Anthem: Gens du pays "People of the country" |
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Location of Quebec (green)
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Capital | Quebec City | |||||
Largest city | Montreal | |||||
Official languages | French | |||||
Other languages | English, Vinlandic, other indigenous languages | |||||
Ethnic groups (2020) | 85.2% White 6.7% Black 2.7% Mestizo (Latin American) 4.3% Mixed 1.1% Others |
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Religion | 83.6% Christian - 61.7% Catholic - 18.2% Protestant - 3.7% Orthodox/other 16.4% Other/none |
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Demonym(s) | Quebec(k)er (EN) Québécois(e) (FR) |
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Government | Unitary parliamentary republic | |||||
- | President | J. Michel Doyon | ||||
- | Prime Minister | Alissa White-Gluz | ||||
Legislature | Parliament | |||||
- | Upper house | Senate | ||||
- | Lower house | National Assembly | ||||
Independence from Canada | ||||||
- | Granted | 1 November 1926 | ||||
Area | ||||||
- | Total | 1,836,386 km2 709,033 sq mi |
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Population | ||||||
- | Estimate | 8,241,655 (93rd) | ||||
Currency | Piastre Québecoise (QCP) | |||||
Drives on the | right |
Quebec (French: Québec), officially Republic of Quebec (French: République du Québec), is a country in North America. It is bordered by Canada to the southwest and northeast, the United States to the south and bounded by the Hudson Bay on the west, the Ungava Bay on the north and the Gulf of Saint Lawrence on the south east. Formerly a Canadian province, Quebec achieved independence on 1 November 1926, with Canada's defeat in the Anglo-American War.
At 1.8 square kilometers, Quebec is the sixth-largest country in North America and the 21st-largest in the world. It has a population of 8.2 million, making it the sixth-most populous country in North America and the 93rd globally. Most of its inhabitants live in urban areas near the Saint Lawrence River between Montreal and Quebec City, the capital. Approximately half of Quebec residents live in the Greater Montreal Area, including the Island of Montreal. English-speaking communities and English-language institutions are concentrated in the west of the island of Montreal but are also significantly present in the Outaouais, Eastern Townships, and Gaspé regions. The Nord-du-Québec department, occupying the northern half of the country, is sparsely populated and inhabited primarily by Aboriginal peoples.
The climate around the major cities is four-seasons continental with cold and snowy winters combined with warm to hot humid summers, but farther north long winter seasons dominate and as a result the northern areas of the country are marked by tundra conditions. Even in central Quebec, at comparatively southerly latitudes, winters are severe in inland areas.
The country is a member of the Francophonie and the League of Nations. It is the only French-speaking country in continental North America.
While Quebec's substantial natural resources have long been the mainstay of its economy, sectors of the knowledge economy such as aerospace, information and communication technologies, biotechnology, and the pharmaceutical industry also play leading roles.
Politics[]
Government[]
The Republic of Quebec is a unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic. The Head of State is the President of Quebec (French: Président du Québec), who is directly elected by the people for 7 year terms. The head of government in Quebec is the Premier of Quebec (Premier Ministre du Québec), who leads the largest party in the bicameral Parliament of Quebec (Parlement du Québec), consisting of the Senate of Quebec (Sénat du Québec; formerly the Legislative Council, Conseil législatif du Québec) and the National Assembly of Quebec (French: Assemblée nationale du Québec, formerly the Legislative Assembly, Assemblée législative du Québec), and from which the Executive Council of Quebec (le Conseil exécutif du Québec, but informally and more commonly, the Cabinet of Quebec and in French: le Conseil des ministres) is appointed.
The Government of Quebec awards an order of merit called the National Order of Quebec (Ordre national du Québec). Inspired in part by the French Legion of Honour, it is conferred upon men and women born or living in Quebec (but non-Quebecers can be inducted as well) for outstanding achievements.
Administrative divisions[]
Quebec is divided into 18 administrative regions called Departments (Québécois Départements), named after the French Departments. Like their French counterparts, each department is administered by an elected body called a departmental council (conseil départemental [sing.], conseils départementaux [plur.]). Mauricie–Bois-Francs was split in 1997 to create Mauricie and Centre-du-Québec departments (note, the notion of Mauricie as a traditional region long predates this), and in January 2000, the Québec department was renamed Capitale-Nationale.
Code | Name | Capital | Population | Area m2 | Area sq mi |
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01 | Bas-Saint-Laurent | Rimouski | 197,385 | 22,237.07 | 8,585.78 |
02 | Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean | Saguenay | 276,368 | 98,712.71 | 38,113.19 |
03 | Capitale-Nationale | Quebec City | 729,997 | 18,797.45 | 7,257.74 |
04 | Mauricie | Trois-Rivières | 266,112 | 35,860.05 | 13,845.64 |
05 | Estrie | Sherbrooke | 319,004 | 10,212.00 | 3,942.88 |
06 | Montréal | Montreal | 1,942,044 | 499.26 | 192.77 |
07 | Outaouais | Gatineau | 382,604 | 30,808.69 | 11,895.30 |
08 | Abitibi-Témiscamingue | Rouyn-Noranda | 146,717 | 57,736.5 | 22,292.2 |
09 | Côte-Nord | Baie-Comeau | 92,518 | 247,655.33 | 95,620.26 |
10 | Nord-du-Québec | Chibougamau | 44,561 | 747,191.93 | 288,492.42 |
11 | Gaspésie–Îles-de-la-Madeleine | Gaspé | 90,311 | 20,318.86 | 7,845.16 |
12 | Chaudière-Appalaches | Montmagny | 420,082 | 15,083.25 | 5,823.68 |
13 | Laval | Laval | 422,993 | 247.23 | 95.46 |
14 | Lanaudière | Joliette | 494,796 | 12,423.38 | 4,796.69 |
15 | Laurentides | Saint-Jérôme | 589,400 | 20,779.19 | 8,022.89 |
16 | Montérégie | Longueuil | 1,507,070 | 11,132.34 | 4,298.22 |
17 | Krisuvik | 27,197 | 294,330 | 113,640 | |
18 | Centre-du-Québec | Drummondville | 242,399 | 6,930.05 | 2,675.71 |
Political Parties[]
Major[]
: Quebec Liberal Party (QLP; French: Parti libéral du Québec; PLQ)
: Conservative Party of Quebec (CPQ French: Parti conservateur du Québec; PCQ)
: New France Party (NFP French: Parti de la Nouvelle-France; FNF)
Minor[]
: Communist Party of Quebec (CPQ (Red) French: Parti Communiste du Québec; PCQ (Rouge))
: Quebecker Integralist Action (QIA French: Action Intégriste Québécoise; AIQ)
: Quebecker Anarchist Party (QAP French: Parti anarchiste québécois; PAQ)
: Free West Vinland Party (FWVP French: Parti Libre du West Vinland: FWV)
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