| Ramesses X The Forgotten | |
|---|---|
| |
| Pharaoh of Egypt | |
| Reign | 22 March 1112 - 27 July 1102 |
| Predecessor | Ramesses IX |
| Successor | Ramesses XI |
| Born | May 16, 1150 Pi-Ramesses, Egypt |
| Died | July 27, 1102 (aged 48) |
| Spouse | Nubkhesbed II Anuketemheb I |
| Issue | Ramesses XI |
| Full name | |
| Horus Name: Kanakht Sekhaaenra Nebty Name: Userkhepesh Sekhemtawy Golden Horus Name: Userrenput Mitatenen Praenomen:Khepermaatra Setepenra Nomen: Ramesses Amunherkhepeshef Meriamun | |
| House | Seti-Ramesses-Itamun |
| Dynasty | Ramessid |
| Father | Ramesses X |
| Mother | Baketwernel II |
| Religion | Kemetism |
Khepermaatra Ramesses X (ruled 22 March 1112 - 27 July 1102 BC) was the ninth pharaoh of the 20th Dynasty of Ancient Egypt. His birth name was Amunhirkhepeshef. His prenomen or throne name, Khepermaatre, means "The Justice of Re Abides."
Reign[]
His accession day fell on 1 prt 27 (first month of the Winter season, day 27). His highest attested regnal year is year 3; the highest attested date in his reign is either "year 3, second month of the Inundation season, day 2" or possibly "year 3, month 4 (no day given)".
Little is known about Ramses X and his reign. Nothing is known about the reign of this king except the state of security unrest that befell the country, and the waves of theft of royal tombs that began during the reign of his predecessors. They increased during his reign to strike all the tombs of the Valley of the Kings without exception. All the information that has been obtained about his reign dates back to the first two years of his accession to the throne of Egypt and what is recorded in the Turin Papyrus numbers Turin Papyrus No. 1932|1932 and 1939, while information was found regarding the third year of his accession to the throne in the memoirs of one of the workers at Setmaatniut, in which he mentioned the inability of the workers to complete their tasks in the Valley of the Kings due to the constant threats from Libyan thieves. It mentions the absence of the workers of Setmaatniut from their work during the 6th, 9th, 11th, 12th, 18th, 21st and 24th days of the third month of the Peret (winter) season of the third year of the reign of Ramesses X for fear of the “desert wanderers” (the name by which the Libyans or Meshweshes were known ) who roamed Upper Egypt with complete freedom, which reflects the penetration of the Libyans into the region west of the Nile Delta in Lower Egypt during the reign of this pharaoh, who is considered the last of the pharaohs of Egypt to rule Nubia as mentioned in the inscriptions found in the city of Aniba.
Economic and Political Decline[]
Ramesses X's reign was marked by further economic decline, which had begun several generations earlier. The state struggled to maintain control over its territories, particularly in Nubia and the Levant, where Egyptian influence had significantly waned. The weakening of central authority is also evidenced by the increasing power of the High Priests of Amun in Thebes, who were becoming de facto rulers of Upper Egypt.
During Ramesses X's reign, there is evidence of continued tomb robberies, a symptom of the state's inability to protect its treasures and maintain order. The Turin Strike Papyrus, which documents one of the earliest recorded workers' strikes during the reign of Ramesses III, reflects the ongoing dissatisfaction among the labor force, a situation that likely persisted into Ramesses X's time.
Tomb[]
His KV18 tomb in the Valley of the Kings was left unfinished. It is uncertain if he was ever buried there, since no remains or fragments of funerary objects were discovered within it
Drawing from tomb KV18, over the entrance: pharaoh Ramesses X worships Khepri and a ram-headed god