Random list of nations (realism somewhat)

This world can be abbreviated as "RLON (RS)"

North America

Flag	Nation	Capital	Head of State Head of Government	Government
	Tsardom of Alaska Царство Аляски	Kodiak	Tsar: Paul II Prime Minister: Oleg Kozhemyako	Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy
	Republic of Canada République du Canada	Ottawa	President: Valérie Plante Prime Minister: Francis Legault	Federal presidential constitutional republic
	Federation of America	Philadelphia	President: Amy Klobuchar Vice President: John Fetterman	Federal presidential republic
	Kingdom of Louisiana Royaume de Louisiane	New Orleans	Monarch: Jean IV Prime Minister: Jean Kennedy	Parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Republic of Texas República de Texas	Agoston	President: Ted Cruz Vice President: Greg Abbott	Federal presidential republic
	Mexican Republic República Mexicana	Mexico City	President: Marko Cortés Mendoza	Unitary presidential republic
	Dominion of Belize	Belmopan	Monarch: Francis II Governor: Hugo Dixon	Federal constitutional monarchy
	Republic of Guatemala República de Guatemala	Guatemala City	President: Bernardo Arévalo Vice President: Karin Herrera	Unitary presidential republic
	Republic of El Salvador República de El Salvador	San Salvador	President: Nayib Bukele Vice President: Félix Ulloa	Unitary presidential republic
	Republic of Honduras República de Honduras	Tegucigalpa	President: Xiomara Castro	Unitary presidential republic
	Republic of Nicaragua República de Nicaragua	Managua	President: Daniel Ortega Vice President: Rosario Murillo	Unitary presidential republic under an authoritarian dictatorship
	Republic of Costa Rica República de Costa Rica	San José	President: Rodrigo Chaves Robles	Unitary presidential republic
	Republic of Panama República de Panamá	Panama City	President: José Raúl Mulino Vice President: Vacant	Unitary presidential republic
	Jamaica Jumieka	Kingston	Monarch: Francis II Governor-General: Sir Patrick Allen Prime Minister: Andrew Holness	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Republic of Cuba República de Cuba	Havana	President: Miguel Díaz-Canel Vice President: Salvador Valdés Mesa	Unitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic
	Commonwealth of The Bahamas	Nassau	Monarch: Francis II Governor-General: Cynthia A. Pratt Prime Minister: Philip Davis	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Kingdom of Haiti Royaume d'Haïti	Port-au-Prince	Monarch: Marie II	Unitary semi-constitutional monarchy
	Republic of Puerto Rico República de Puerto Rico	San Juan	President: Pedro Pierluisi Vice President: Omar Marrero	Unitary presidential republic

South America

Flag	Nation	Capital	Head of State Head of Government	Government
	Republic of Colombia República de Colombia	Bogotá	President: Álvaro Uribe Vice President: Marta Lucía Ramírez	Federal presidential republic
	United States of Venezuela Estados Unidos de Venezuela	Caracas	President: Manuel Rosales Vice President: Pablo Pérez Álvarez	Federal presidential republic
	Republic of Guyana	Georgetown	President: Irfaan Ali Vice President and Prime Minister: Mark Phillips	Unitary parliamentary republic
	Republic of Suriname Republiek Suriname	Paramaribo	President: Chan Santokhi Vice President: Ronnie Brunswijk	Unitary assembly-independent republic
	French Guiana Guyane Française	Cayenne	Prefect: Antoine Poussier President of the Assembly: Gabriel Serville	Overseas department
	Kingdom of Brazil Reino do Brasil	Salvador	Monarch: Luiz II Prime Minister: Geraldo Alckmin	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Republic of Kingsburg Republiek Kingsburg	Williamtown	President: Willem Marie Prime Minister: Anna Mulder	Federal presidential republic
	Republic of Antarctique République de l'Antarctique	Huguenot City	President: Jean-Léonce Dupont Vice President: Patrick Gomor	Unitary presidential republic
	Republic of Paraguay República del Paraguay	Asunción	President: Santiago Peña Vice President: Pedro Alliana	Unitary presidential republic
	Peru–Bolivian Confederation Confederación Perú-Boliviana	Tacna	Supreme Protector: Dina Boluarte	Confederated presidential republic
	Kingdom of Chile Reino de Chile	Santiago	Monarch: Jean III President: Gabriel Boric	Unitary presidential constitutional monarchy
	Argentine Confederation Confederación Argentina	Cordoba	President: Mauricio Macri	Confederated presidential republic
	Dominion of Buenton	Saint Compton	Monarch: Francis II Governor-General: Keith Biles Prime Minister: Alex Killkoft	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy

Europe

Flag	Nation	Capital	Head of State Head of Government	Government
	Iceland Ísland	Reykjavík	President: Halla Tómasdóttir Prime Minister: Bjarni Benediktsson	Unitary parliamentary republic
	Republic of Ireland Poblacht na hÉireann	Dublin	President: Michael D. Higgins Taoiseach: Simon Harris	Unitary parliamentary republic
	United Kingdom of Great Britain	London	Monarch: Francis II Prime Minister: Theresa May	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Kingdom of Portugal Reino de Portugal	Lisbon	Monarch: Duarte II Prime Minister: Luís Montenegro	Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy
	Spanish Republic República Española	Madrid	President: Alberto Núñez Feijóo Prime Minister: Cuca Gamarra	Federal semi-presidential republic
	Principality of Andorra Principat d'Andorra	Andorra la Vella	Co-Princes: Joan-Enric Vives, Jean IV Representative: Patrick Strzoda	Unitary parliamentary diarchic constitutional co-principality
	Kingdom of France Royaume de France	Paris	Monarch: Jean IV Prime Minister: François Baroin	Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Kingdom of Luxembourg-Wallonia Royaume de Luxembourg-Wallonie	Luxembourg City	Monarch: Henri Prime Minister: Luc Frieden	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Kingdom of Piedmont Regno del Piemonte Royaume du Piémont	Turin	Monarch: Napoleon VII Prime Minister: Alberto Cirio	Unitary Bonapartist semi-constitutional monarchy
	Helvetic Republic Helvetische Republik République Helvétique Repubblica Elvetica	Bern	President: Viola Amherd Prime Minister: Viktor Rossi	Directorial republic
	Principality of Liechtenstein Fürstentum Liechtenstein	Vaduz	Prince: Hans-Adam II	Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy
	Republic of Venice Republica de Venezia Repubblica di Venezia	Venice	President: Luigi Brugnaro Prime Minister: Michaela Biancofiore	Unitary parliamentary republic
	State of the Church Status Ecclesiae Stato della Chiesa	Vatican City	Pope: Francis Secretary of State: Pietro Parolin President: Fernando Alzaga	Unitary theocratic Catholic elective absolute monarchy
	Kingdom of the Two Sicilies Regno delle Due Sicilie	Naples	Monarch: Pedro Prime Minister: Renato Schifani	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Republic of Sardinia Repubblica di Sardegna	Cagliari	President: Massimo Zedda Prime Minister: Federico Pizzarotti	Federal parliamentary republic
	Kingdom of the Netherlands Koninkrijk der Nederlanden	Amsterdam	Monarch: Willem-Alexander Prime Minister: Dick Schoof	Devolved unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Democratic Republic of Germany Demokratische Republik Deutschland	Berlin	President: Friedrich Merz Minister-President: Wolfgang Schmidt	Socialist republic
	Republic of Austria Republik Österreich	Vienna	President: Alexander Van der Bellen Chancellor: Karl Nehammer	Federal parliamentary republic
	Kingdom of Illyria Königreich Illyrien Ilirsko kraljestvo Regno d'Illiria Kraljevina Ilirija	Ljubljana	Monarch: Leopold II Prime Minister: Nataša Pirc Musar	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Republic of Croatia Republike Hrvatske	Split	President: Ivo Sanader Prime Minister: Gordan Jandroković	Unitary parliamentary republic
	People's Republic of Hungary Magyar Népköztársaság	Budapest	Chairman: Lajos Korózs	Unitary Marxist-Leninist one-party socialist republic
	Federal Republic of Czechoslovakia Federativní Republika československá Spolková republika Československá	Prague	President: Petr Pavel Prime Minister: Robert Fico	Federal parliamentary republic
	Republic of Poland Rzeczpospolita Polska	Warsaw	President: Andrzej Duda Prime Minister: Donald Tusk	Unitary semi-presidential republic
	Socialist Federal Republic of Serbia Социјалистичке Федеративне Републике Србије	Belgrade	President: Saša Janković	Federal Marxist–Leninist one-party parliamentary socialist republic
	Kingdom of Romania Regatul României	Bucharest	Monarch: Margareta Prime Minister: Ludovic Orban	Parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Republic of Albania Republika e Shqipërisë	Tirana	President: Bajram Begaj Prime Minister: Edi Rama	Unitary parliamentary republic
	Republic of Bulgaria Република България	Sofia	President: Rumen Radev Vice President: Iliana Iotova Prime Minister: Dimitar Glavchev	Unitary parliamentary republic
	Kingdom of Greece Βασίλειο της Ελλάδος	Athens	Monarch: Pavlos I Prime Minister: Kyriakos Mitsotakis	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Kingdom of Constantinople Βασίλειο της Κωνσταντινούπολης	New Rome	Monarch: Bartholomew I	Unitary constitutional monarchy
	Duchy of Lithuania Lietuvos Kunigaikštystė Księstwo Litewskie	Vilnius	Duke: Casimir VI	Unitary constitutional monarchy
	Republic of Latvia Latvijas Republika	Riga	President: Edgars Rinkēvičs Prime Minister: Evika Siliņa	Unitary parliamentary republic
	Republic of Estonia Eesti Vabariik	Tallinn	President: Alar Karis Prime Minister: Kristen Michal	Unitary parliamentary republic
	Republic of Belarus Рэспубліка Беларусь Республика Беларусь	Minsk	President: Zianon Pazniak Vice President: Siarhei Navumchyk	Unitary presidential republic
	Republic of Ukraine Республіка Україна	Kyiv	President: Volodymyr Zelenskyy Prime Minister: Denys Shmyhal	Unitary parliamentary republic
	Kingdom of Denmark Kongeriget Danmark	Copenhagen	Monarch: Frederik X Prime Minister: Mette Frederiksen	Devolved unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Kingdom of Norway Kongeriket Norge	Oslo	Monarch: Harald V Prime Minister: Jonas Gahr Støre	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Kingdom of Sweden Konungariket Sverige	Stockholm	Monarch: Carl XVI Gustaf Prime Minister: Ulf Kristersson	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Republic of Finland Suomen tasavalta Republiken Finland	Helsinki	President: Alexander Stubb Prime Minister: Petteri Orpo	Unitary parliamentary republic

Africa

Flag	Nation	Capital	Head of State Head of Government	Government
	Kingdom of Morocco المملكة المغربية	Rabat	Monarch: Mohammed VI Prime Minister: Aziz Akhannouch	Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy
	Republic of Algeria الجمهورية الجزائرية République d'Algérie	Algiers	President: Youcef Aouchiche Prime Minister: Louisa Hanoune	Unitary semi-presidential republic
	Republic of Tunisia الجمهورية التونسية République de Tunisie	Tunis	President: Kais Saied	Unitary presidential republic
	Federation of Azawad-Mauritania اتحاد أزواد - موريتانيا	Nouakchott	President: Mohamed Ould Ghazouani Vice President: Bilal Ag Alcherif	Federal presidential republic
	Emirate of Fezzan إمارة فزان	Tripoli	Emir: Mohammed El Senussi	Islamic absolute monarchy
	Republic of Agadez جمهورية أغاديز République d'Agadez	Agadez	President: Rhissa Feltou	Unitary presidential republic
	Sokoto Republic Jamhuriyar Sokoto جمهورية سوكوتو République de Sokoto	Niamey	President: Ali Lamine Zeine Vice President: Salifou Modi	Unitary presidential republic
	Kingdom of Egypt المملكة المصرية	Cairo	Monarch: Fuad II Prime Minister: Mostafa Madbouly	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Federation of Chad اتحاد تشاد Fédération du Tchad	N'Djamena	President: Succès Masra Prime Minister: Saleh Kebzabo	Federal semi-presidential republic
	People's Republic of Sudan جمهورية السودان الشعبية	Khartoum	General Secretary: Abdel Fattah al-Burhan	Unitary Islamic socialist one-party republic
	Republic of South Sudan	Juba	President: Salva Kiir Mayardit	Federal presidential republic
	Republic of Mali جمهورية مالي République du Mali	Bamako	President: Assimi Goïta Prime Minister: Moctar Ouane	Unitary presidential republic under a military junta
	Republic of Upper Volta République de Haute Volta	Ouagadougou	President: Blaise Compaoré Prime Minister: Luc-Adolphe Tiao	Unitary parliamentary republic
	Republic of Dahomey République du Dahomey	Porto-Novo	President: Patrice Talon Prime Minister: Mariam Chabi Talata	Unitary presidential republic
	Republic of Ghana	Accra	President: Nana Akufo-Addo Vice President: Mahamudu Bawumia	Unitary presidential republic
	Republic of Côte d'Ivoire République de Côte d'Ivoire Kɔdiwari Jamana	Yamoussoukro	President: Alassane Ouattara Vice President: Tiémoko Meyliet Koné Prime Minister: Robert Beugré Mambé	Unitary presidential republic
	Republic of Maryland	Georgerovia	President: Sie-A-Nyene Yuoh Vice President: George Weah	Unitary presidential republic
	Republic of Sierra Leone	Freetown	President: Julius Maada Bio Vice President: Mohamed Juldeh Jalloh	Unitary presidential republic
	Federal Republic of Nigeria	Abuja	President: Bola Tinubu Vice President: Kashim Shettima	Federal presidential republic
	Ethiopian Empire የኢትዮጵያ ኢምፓየር Boqortooyada Itoobiya	Addis Ababa	Emperor: Zera Yacob Prime Minister: Abiy Ahmed	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Republic of Guinea République de Guinée	Conakry	President: Mamady Doumbouya Prime Minister: Bah Oury	Unitary presidential republic under a military junta
	Senegambia Confederation Confédération de Sénégambie	Dakar	President: Bassirou Diomaye Faye Vice President: Adama Barrow	Confederated presidential republic
	Republic of Guinea-Bissau República da Guiné-Bissau	Bissau	President: Umaro Sissoco Embaló Prime Minister: Rui Duarte de Barros	Unitary semi-presidential republic
	Republic of Ambazonia República de Ambazonia	Bamenda	President: Adolfo Lele Lafrique Vice President: Bernardo Acualia	Federal presidential republic
	Republic of Cameroon République du Cameroun	Yaoundé	President: Paul Biya Prime Minister: Joseph Ngute	Unitary dominant-party presidential republic under a dictatorship
	Ubangi-Shari Republic République d'Oubangui-Chari	Bangui	President: Faustin-Archange Touadéra Prime Minister: Félix Moloua	Unitary presidential republic
	Republic of Equatora República del Ecuador	Libreville	President: Brarroz Oligui Vice President: José Baya	Unitary presidential republic
	Mbini Republic República de Mbini	Malabo	President: Teodoro Mbasogo	Unitary dominant-party presidential republic under a totalitarian dictatorship
	Republic of Kenya Jamhuri ya Kenya	Nairobi	President: Barack Obama Deputy President: Cecily Mutitu Mbarire	Unitary presidential republic
	Republic of Uganda Jamhuri ya Uganda	Kampala	President: Yoweri Museveni Vice President: Jessica Alupo Prime Minister: Robinah Nabbanja	Unitary presidential republic under a dominant-party authoritarian state
	People's Republic of the Kongo República Popular do Kongo Repubilika ya Kongo ya Bantu	M'banza-Kongo	President: Justin Koumba	Unitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic
	Democratic Republic of Kasai República Democrática do Cassai Repubilika ya Demokrasi ya Kasai	Tshikapa	President: Yoane-Poire Bemba Prime Minister: Bolengetenge Balea	Unitary semi-presidential republic
	Republic of Swahilia Jamhuri ya Kiswahili	Isiro	President: Delly Likunde	Unitary presidential republic
	Republic of Angola República de Angola	Luanda	President: Ngola Kabangu	Unitary presidential republic
	Republic of Rhodesia and Nyasaland República da Rodésia e Niassalândia	Manueltown	President: Emmirson Mnangagwa Vice President: Constantino Chiwenga	Unitary presidential republic
	Republic of Tanganyika Jamhuri ya Tanganyika	Dar es Salaam	President: Samia Suluhu Hassan Prime Minister: Philip Mpango	Unitary dominant-party system presidential republic
	Republic of Katanga República de Katanga	Lubumbashi	President: Katumbi Umido Vice President: José Kabila	Federal presidential republic
	Republic of Botswana Lefatshe la Botswana	Gaborone	President: Duma Boko	Unitary parliamentary republic with an executive presidency
	Transvaal Republic	Johannesburg	President: Panyaza Lesufi Deputy President: Nomantu Nkomo-Ralehoko	Unitary parliamentary republic with an executive presidency
	Kingdom of Eswatini Umbuso weSwatini	Mbabane, Lobamba	iNgwenyama: Mswati III	Unitary absolute monarchy
	Kingdom of Lesotho Naha ea Lesotho	Maseru	Monarch: Letsie III Prime Minister: Sam Matekane	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarch
	Republic of the Cape Republiek van die Kaap Republiek van de Kaap	Kaapstad	President: Alan Winde	Unitary parliamentary republic with an executive presidency
	Republic of Damara Republiek van Damara Republiek Damara	Windhoek	President: Nangolo Mbumba Vice President: Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah	Unitary semi-presidential republic
	Republic of Madagascar République de Madagascar Repoblikan'i Madagasikara	Antananarivo	President: Andry Rajoelina Prime Minister: Christian Ntsay	Unitary semi-presidential republic

Middle East

Flag	Nation	Capital	Head of State Head of Government	Government
	Republic of Türkiye Türkiye Cumhuriyeti	Ankara	President: Abdullah Gül Prime Minister: Temel Karamollaoğlu	Unitary parliamentary republic
	People's Republic of Kurdistan Komara Gel a Kurdistanê Kürdistan Halk Cumhuriyeti جمهوری خلق کردستان	Wan	Leader: Abdullah Öcalan	Democratic confederal socialism
	Republic of Armenia Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն	Yerevan	President: Vahagn Khachaturyan Prime Minister: Nikol Pashinyan	Unitary parliamentary republic
	Kingdom of Assyria Padîşahiya Aşûr پادشاهی آشور	Assur	Monarch: Awa III Prime Minister: Aprem Natniel	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Republic of Georgia საქართველოს რესპუბლიკა	Tbilisi	Chairman: Mikheil Saakashvili	Unitary parliamentary republic with an executive presidency
	Azerbaijani Republic Azərbaycan Respublikası	Baku	President: Jamil Hasanli Prime Minister: Razi Nurullayev	Unitary semi-presidential republic under a hereditary dictatorship
	Imperial State of Iran کشور شاهنشاهی ایران	Tehran	Shah: Reza Pahlavi II Prime Minister: Masoud Pezeshkian	Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy
	Kingdom of Iraq المملكة العراقية الهاشمية	Baghdad	Monarch: Ghazi II Prime Minister: Haider al-Abadi	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Republic of Syria الجمهورية السورية République de Syrie	Damascus	President: Mohammed Al-Walid Prime Minister: Ali Jun Lepore	Unitary parliamentary republic
	Republic of Lebanon الجمهورية اللبنانية	Beirut	President: Vacant Prime Minister: Najib Mikati	Unitary parliamentary republic that includes confessionalism
	State of Palestine دولة فلسطين	Ramallah	President: Mahmoud Abbas Prime Minister: Mohammad Mustafa	Unitary provisional semi-presidential republic
No official flag	Disputed Territory of Jerusalem منطقة القدس المتنازع عليها השטח השנוי במחלוקת של ירושלים	Jerusalem	Governor: Herzi Halevi	Organized territory
	State of Israel מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל	Tel Aviv (disputed)	President: Isaac Herzog Prime Minister: Benjamin Netanyahu	Unitary parliamentary republic
	Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية	Amman	Monarch: Abdullah II Prime Minister: Jafar Hassan	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Kingdom of Saudi Arabia المملكة العربية السعودية	Riyadh	Monarch: Salman Crown Prince: Mohammed bin Salman	Unitary Islamic absolute monarchy
	Kingdom of Bahrain مَمْلَكَةُ الْبَحْرَيْن	Manama	Monarch: Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa Crown Prince: Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa	Unitary Islamic parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy
	State of Qatar دولة قطر	Doha	Emir: Tamim bin Hamad	Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy
	Sultanate of Muscat and Oman سلطنة مسقط وعمان	Muscat	Sultan: Haitham bin Tariq	Unitary Islamic absolute monarchy
	People's Republic of Southern Yemen جمهورية اليمن الجنوبي الشعبية	Aden	General Secretary: Aidarus al-Zoubaidi	Unitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic
	Yemen Arab Republic الجمهورية العربية اليمنية	Sanaa	President: Rashad al-Alimi Prime Minister: Sultan al-Barakani	Unitary Islamic republic

Central Asia

Flag	Nation	Capital	Head of State Head of Government	Government
	People's Republic of Kazakhstan Қазақстан Халық Республикасы Народная Республика Казахстан	Karagandy	First Secretary: Nursultan Nazarbayev	Unitary Marxist-Leninist one-party republic
	Republic of Khiva جمهوری خیوه	Khiva	President: Shavkat Mirziyoyev Prime Minister: Abdulla Aripov	Unitary semi-presidential republic
	Khanate of Kokand خانات کوکند	Kokand	Khan: Abdal Kaufmann III	Khanate
	Republic of Fergana جمهوری فرغانه Республика Фергана	Osh	President: Sadyr Japarov	Unitary presidential republic
	Republic of Afghanistan د افغانستان جمهوریت	Kabul	President: Amrullah Saleh Vice President: Sarwar Danish	Unitary presidential Islamic republic

Sub Indian Continent

Flag	Nation	Capital	Head of State Head of Government	Government
	Islamic Republic of Pakistan اسلامی جمہوریہ پاکستان	Islamabad	President: Asif Ali Zardari Prime Minister: Shehbaz Sharif	Federal parliamentary Islamic republic
	Republic of India भारत की स्वतंत्रता	New Delhi	President: Droupadi Murmu Vice President: Jagdeep Dhankhar	Federal parliamentary republic

Southeast Asia

Flag	Nation	Capital	Head of State Head of Government	Government
	Union of Burma ပြည်ထောင်စုမြန်မာနိုင်ငံ	Yangon	President: Soe Win Prime Minister: Soe Win	Unitary one-party socialist republic under a totalitarian military dictatorship
	Kingdom of Thailand ราชอาณาจักรไทย	Bangkok	Monarch: King Rama X Prime Minister: Paetongtarn Shinawatra	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Kingdom of Laos ພຣະຣາຊອານາຈັກຣ໌ລາວ Royaume du Laos	Luang Prabang	Monarch: Soulivong Savang Prime Minister: Saleumxay Kommasith	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Kingdom of Cambodia ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា	Phnom Penh	Monarch: Norodom Sihamoni Prime Minister: Hun Manet	Unitary dominant-party parliamentary constitutional elective monarchy
	Republic of Vietnam Việt Nam Cộng hòa République du Viêt Nam	Saigon	President: Nguyễn Văn Nên Prime Minister: Lê Trường Lưu	Unitary dominant-party presidential republic
	Democratic Republic of Vietnam Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa	Hanoi	General Secretary: Tô Lâm	Unitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic
	Federation of Malaya Persekutuan Tanah Melayu	Kuala Lumpur	Monarch: Francis II High Commissioner: Ben Macpherson Prime Minister: Anwar Ibrahim	Federation as British protectorate
	Republic of Sarawak	Kuching	President: Wan Junaidi Tuanku Jaafar Vice President: Abang Abdul Rahman Johari	Unitary presidential republic
	Sultanate of Brunei Kesultanan Brunei	Bandar Seri Begawan	Sultan: Hassanal Bolkiah Crown Prince: Al-Muhtadee Billah	Unitary Islamic absolute monarchy
	Sultanate of Sulu Kesultanan Sulu	Palawan	Sultan: Muedzul Lail Tan Kiram	Unitary Islamic absolute monarchy
	Republic of Indonesia Republik Indonesia	Jakarta	President: Prabowo Subianto Vice President: Gibran Rakabuming Raka	Unitary presidential republic

East Asia

Flag	Nation	Capital	Head of State Head of Government	Government
	Democratic Republic of Japan 日本民主共和国	Tokyo	Chairman: Kazuo Shii	Unitary one-party socialist republic
	People's Republic of Korea 조선인민공화국	Seoul	Presdient: Hwang Kyo-ahn Prime Minister: Han Dong-hoon	Unitary presidential republic
	Qing Empire of Manchuria 滿洲大清帝國	Changchun	Emperor: Jin Yuzhang Prime Minister: Li Lecheng	Unitary parliamentary monarchy
	Republic of Mongolia Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Улс	Ulaanbaatar	President: Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh Prime Minister: Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene	Unitary semi-presidential republic
	Republic of China 中華民國	Beijing	President: Lai Ching‑te Vice President: Hsiao Bi-khim	Federal presidential republic

North Asia

Flag	Nation	Capital	Head of State Head of Government	Government
	Russian Republic Российская Республика	Moscow	President: Leonid Slutsky Prime Minister: Dmitry Medvedev	Federal parliamentary republic
	Republic of Tuva Тыва Республика Республика Тыва	Kyzyl	President: Vladislav Khovalyg	Unitary parliamentary republic with an executive presidency

Australia

Flag	Nation	Capital	Head of State Head of Government	Government
	Independent State of Papua New Guinea	Port Moresby	Monarch: Francis II Governor-General: Bob Dadae Prime Minister: James Marape	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	Commonwealth of Australia	Canberra	Monarch: Francis II Governor-General: Sam Mostyn Prime Minister: Anthony Albanese	Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy
	New Zealand Aotearoa	Wellington	Monarch: Francis II Governor-General: Cindy Kiro Prime Minister: Christopher Luxon	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy