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Russia (Russian: Россия, romanized: Rossiya, [rɐˈsʲijə]), or the Russian Empire, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world by area, encompassing one-eighth of Earth's inhabitable landmass. Russia extends across eleven time zones and shares land boundaries with seven countries. It is Europe's most populous country, with a population of over 160 million people. The country's capital and largest city is Moscow. Saint Petersburg is Russia's cultural centre and second-largest city. Other major urban areas include Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod, and Kazan.
History[]
Flag of Russia
| Russian Empire Rossiyskaya Imperiya Timeline: Domus Iagiellonica
OTL equivalent: Russia | ||||||
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| Motto: S' nami Bog! ("God is with us!") |
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| Anthem: Bozhe Tsarya khrani! ("God Save the Tsar!") |
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| Capital | Moscow | |||||
| Official languages | Russian, other regional languages | |||||
| Demonym | Russian | |||||
| Government | Federal Constitutional Monarchy | |||||
| - | Tsar | Nicholas IV | ||||
| - | Prime Minister | Mikhail Mishustin | ||||
| Legislature | Duma | |||||
| Currency | Russian Ruble | |||||
| Time zone | UTC+2 to UTC+12 | |||||
| Internet TLD | .ru | |||||
The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War.
It also held colonies in North America (in California and Alaska) between 1799 and 1867. Covering an area of approximately 22,800,000 square kilometers (8,800,000 sq mi), it remains the third-largest empire in history, surpassed only by the British Empire and the Mongol Empire; it ruled over a population of 125.6 million people per the 1897 Russian census, the only census carried out during the entire imperial period. Owing to its geographic extent across three continents at its peak, it featured great ethnic, linguistic, religious, and economic diversity.
From the 10th to the 17th century, the land was ruled by a noble class known as the boyars, above whom was a tsar (later adapted as the "Emperor of all the Russias"). The groundwork leading up to the establishment of the Russian Empire was laid by Ivan III (1462–1505): he tripled the territory of the Russian state and laid its foundation, renovating the Moscow Kremlin and ending the dominance of the Golden Horde.
Coat of Arms
From 1721 until 1762, the Russian Empire was ruled by the House of Romanov; its matrilineal branch of patrilineal German descent, the House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov, ruled from 1762 until 1917. At the beginning of the 19th century, the territory of the Russian Empire extended from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Black Sea in the south, and from the Baltic Sea in the west to Alaska, Hawaii, and California in the east. By the end of the 19th century, it had expanded its control over most of Central Asia and parts of Northeast Asia. The Russian Empire entered the twentieth century in a perilous state. A devastating famine in 1891–92, killed millions across the empire leading to discontent among the population. Moreover, the Russian Empire was the last remaining absolute monarchy in Europe which played a role in the rapid radicalization of Russian politics.
During this time Communism was gaining popularity and acceptance among the Bolshevik and Menchevik factions as well as in the general population. In 1905 Russia experienced a revolution in which Tsar Nicholas II authorized the creation of a parliament, the Duma although he still retained absolute political power.
The aftermath of World War I saw a period of troubles, two revolutions swept the country in 1917. Tsar Nicholas II abdicated in February 17. The then created republican government was overthrown by a communist revolt in October.
A bloody civil war, which lasted until 1925, then occurred between the Reds (Bolsheviks) and the White (Loyalists), backed by the Entente Powers, wary to have a communist regime at their doorstep.
The monarchy was reestablished in 1926, but the country must modernize and adopt a modern constitution.
The Duma, worked on it for four years.
The Constitution of 1930, which stripped the Tsar of most its powers in favor of an elected government, was widely saluted by the global community.
The country, little shook by the Great Depression, started to recover.
Russia participated in World War II in the Allies side of the war. Although victorious, they didn’t participate in the partition of Germany in 1942.
The country is now a modern monarchy, developed and prosperous.
Rulers[]
- Nicholas II: 1894 – 1917
- Interim Governments: 1917-1926
- Michael II: 1926 – 1948
- Alexander IV: 1948 – 1970
- Nicholas III: 1970 – 2001
- Nicholas IV: 2001
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