- For the Soviet Rump-state in Siberia, see the Soviet Union.
Democratic Federative Republic of Russia Демократическая Федеративная Республика Россия (Russian) Timeline: German Heritage | ||||||
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Motto: “Россия, вперёд!, Rossiya, vperyod!” (Russian) "Forward, Russia!" |
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Anthem: “Patrioticheskaya Pesnya” |
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Capital (and largest city) | Moscow | |||||
Official languages | See Languages of Russia | |||||
Religion | Secular State (de jure) Russian Orthodox (de facto) |
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Demonym | Russian | |||||
Government | Federal Parliamentary Republic | |||||
- | President | Grigory Yavlinsky (UDPR) | ||||
- | Prime Minister | Dmitry Medvedev (A New Russia) | ||||
- | Speaker of the Federation Council | (-) | ||||
- | Speaker of the State Duma | - (-) | ||||
Legislature | Federal Assembly (Russia) | |||||
- | Upper house | Federation Council | ||||
- | Lower house | State Duma | ||||
Formation | ||||||
- | Tsardom proclaimed | 16 January 1547 | ||||
- | Empire proclaimed | 22 October 1721 | ||||
- | First Republic proclaimed | 14 September 1917 | ||||
- | Soviet Rule established | 7 November 1917 | ||||
- | Second Republic established | 1947 | ||||
Population | ||||||
- | 2020 estimate | ▲ 110,424,800 | ||||
Currency | Ruble (RUB ) |
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Date formats | dd.mm.yyyy | |||||
Drives on the | right | |||||
Internet TLD | .ru |
Russia, officially the Democratic Federative Republic of Russia (Russian: Демократическая Федеративная Республика Россия), is a federal republic in Eastern Europe. Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine to the West, Georgia and Azerbaijan to the South, and the Soviet Union to the east.
Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR) became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR/Soviet Union), the world's first constitutionally socialist state. In August 1941, the USSR invaded Ukraine and Finland, bringing war to Europe and starting World War II. In 1946, after successive Allied victories, the Soviets surrendered, ending the war on the Eastern Front and reducing the Soviet Union to a rump state east of the Urals. In the western, European part of Russia, a democratic republic was established, supported by a re-established Constitutional Democratic Party, led by Vasily Maklakov. Maklakov’s government (1947-1952) de-collectivised agriculture, and liberalised the economy.
In 195_, the National Solidarist Movement came to power under Viktor M. Baydalakov, who established a proto-fascist and corporatist state, now classified as a type of Russo-Fascism. In 1973, the reformist __ started the path of political and economic liberalisation, culminating in the peaceful end of the Russo-fascist regime in 1975, after the elections.
The political system of Russia is governed as a federal parliamentary republic. The legislature, the Federal Assembly, consists of a lower house, the State Duma, an upper house, the Federal Council, and an elected President, who serves as the largely ceremonial head of state, but with some important powers and duties. The head of government is the Prime Minister, who is elected by the State Duma and appointed by the President; the Prime Minister in turn appoints other government ministers. Dmitry Medvedev of the populist A New Russia Party has been the prime minister since 2013.
Since liberalisation and re-democratisation, Russia has developed into one of the strongest economies in the world. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are one of the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. Its military has also been ranked as the one of the world's most powerful. Russia hosts the a large number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites, at 18, and is among the world's most popular tourist destinations.
History[]

Pictured: The armistice is signed on 11 November 1946 in Arkhangelsk by Marshall of the Soviet Union Georgy Zhukov, in representation of the Red Army High Command, by the Soviet deputy foreign minister Andrey Vyshinsky (to the left of Zhukov), and by the General of the Army Vasily Sokolovsky (to the right).
By late-1946, the war on the Eastern Front had reached a critical stage for the Soviet Union - the Allies had re-taken Eastern Europe and the North Caucasus and had won successive victories in the Battle of Moscow and the Battle of Stalingrad. More and more Russians were calling for an end to the war, and the Russian Liberation Army was gaining strength day after day. On the 11th of November, an armistice was signed at Arkhangelsk between the Soviets, Germans and Americans, finally ending the war after 4 years of gruelling pseudo-trench warfare.
The committee selected Vasily Maklakov to become the first prime minister of Russia due to his respected nature as a peacemaker in the White Emigre movement - figures such as Kerensky were still opposed by various factions of the White Movement. Maklakov presided over the vast task of rebuilding Russia after the war - much of the borderlands were destroyed after years of war, and the majority of West Russia’s industry had been transferred over the Ural mountain range. In 1948, Maklakov made the Decree on Land, which officially started the de-collectivisation of Russian agriculture. Many of the farms were sold at low prices back to the farmers, who were given more freedom to grow whatever kind of goods they desired. Though the process of decollectivisation was mainly backed by the more conservative ideology of the government, it also had the effect of stabilising the new republic - many farmers, who gained a better quality of life due to Maklakov’s reforms, became enthusiastic supporters of the new order.
Politics[]
- A New Russia - Russian Nationalism, Populism, Third Position
- United Democratic Party - Liberalism, Social Democratic
- Movement for a Greater Russia - Monarchism, Ultranationalism, Right-wing Populism
- Russia - Our Home - Left-wing Nationalism, Democratic Socialism
President of Russia[]
№ | President | Party | Term | Notes | |
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1 | ![]() |
Ivan Ilyin (1883–1954) |
Kadets | 7 September 1947 - December 21, 1954 |
Ilyin became the first president of Russia and instituted the image of the president being the “guardian” and protector of Russia. He also helped reintroduce the conservative, White Russian view of Russian culture, society and nationalism. |
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