Kingdom of Spain Reino de España Timeline: Phalanx Pact
OTL equivalent: Spain (minus the Campo de Gibraltar, the Canary Islands, Olivenza, Ceuta, Melilla, and the rest of the Plazas de soberanía aside from the Alboran Island), Gibraltar and the Campo de Gibraltar (Gibraltar Special Autonomous Region of the Kingdom of Spain) | ||||||
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Motto: Vna, Grande y Libre Plvs Vltra |
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Motto: One, Great and Free Further Beyond |
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Anthem: Royal March (Spanish: Marcha Real) |
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Capital | Santa Cruz | |||||
Official languages | Spanish | |||||
Regional languages | Aragonese Asturleonese Basque Galician |
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Ethnic groups | Spanish (main) Asturians (recognised minority) Basque (recognised minority) Galician (recognised minority) |
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Religion | - Spanish Royal Traditional Latin Rite - Roman Catholicism (formerly) |
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Demonym | Spanish Spaniard |
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Government | Unitary Francoist Authoritarian Dictatorship under Semi-constitutional Monarchy | |||||
- | King | Louis Alphonse I | ||||
- | Queen | Marie Marguerite | ||||
- | National Governor | Rafael López-Diéguez | ||||
Legislature | Spanish Royal Legislative Court | |||||
Establishment | ||||||
- | De facto | 20 January 1479 | ||||
- | De jure | 9 June 1715 | ||||
- | War of Liberation | 4 August 1936 | ||||
- | Christmas Treaty | 25 December 1938 | ||||
Currency | Spanish Royal Peseta | |||||
Time zone | UTC+1 (Central European Time) | |||||
- | Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (UTC+2) | ||||
(Central European Summer Time) | ||||||
Date formats | dd/mm/yyyy (AD) | |||||
Drives on the | Left | |||||
Internet TLD | .es | |||||
Calling code | +34 |
The Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de España), commonly known as the Spanish State (Spanish: Estado Español), the Spanish Nation (Spanish: Nación Española), the Spanish Kingdom (Spanish: Reino Español), Francoist Spain (Spanish: España Franquista), Nationalist Spain (Spanish: España Nacional), Royalist Spain (Spanish: España Realista), Royal Spain (Spanish: España Real) or simply Spain (Spanish: España), is an authoritarian dictatorship of Francoist ideology under a semi-constitutional monarchy. A sovereign member nation of the Phalanx Pact, a military alliance of three Mediterranean authoritarian monarchies, they occupied the Alborian Island, the Balearic Islands and most of the Iberian Peninsula. They are also a founding member nation of the United Nations. Neighbouring countries include France to the northeast, Portugal to the southwest and Italy to the east.
Modern humans first arrived in the Iberian Peninsula around 35,000 years ago. Iberian cultures along with ancient Phoenician, Greek, Celtic and Carthaginian settlements developed on the peninsula until it came under Roman rule around 200 BC, after which the region was named Hispania, based on the earlier Phoenician name Sp(a)n or Spania. At the end of the Western Roman Empire the Germanic tribal confederations migrated from Central Europe, invaded the Iberian peninsula and established relatively independent realms in its western provinces. One of them, the Visigoths, would forcibly integrate all remaining independent territories in the peninsula, including the Byzantine province of Spania, into the Visigothic Kingdom.
In the early eighth century the Visigothic Kingdom was conquered by the Umayyad Islamic Caliphate. The Muslim rule in the Iberian Peninsula (al-Andalus) soon became autonomous from Baghdad. The handful of small Christian pockets in the north left out of Muslim rule, along the presence of the Carolingian Empire near the Pyreneean range, would eventually led to the emergence of the Christian kingdoms of León, Castile, Aragon, Portugal and Navarre. Along seven centuries, an intermittent southwards expansion of the latter kingdoms (metahistorically dubbed as a reconquest: the Reconquista) took place, culminating with the Christian seizure of the last Muslim polity (the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada) in 1492, the same year Christopher Columbus arrived in the New World. A process of political conglomeration among the Christian kingdoms also ensued, and the late 15th-century saw the dynastic union of Castile and Aragon under the Catholic Monarchs, sometimes considered to be the point of emergence of Spain as unified country. The Conquest of Navarre occurred in 1512, while the Kingdom of Portugal was also ruled by the Hapsburg Dynasty between 1580 and 1640.
In the early modern period, Spain ruled one of the largest empires in history which was also one of the first global empires, spawning a large cultural and linguistic legacy that includes over 570 million Hispanophones, making Spanish the world's second-most spoken native language, after Mandarin Chinese. Spain hosts the world's third-largest number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
As one of the most important cultural hubs of Western Europe, Spain is a centre of arts and literature. Under pro-local manufacturing legislations of National Governor Francisco Franco dating back to wartime policies of the Spanish Civil War and the Second World War, Spain is also a major hub of engineering and manufacturing.
Santa Cruz, formerly known as Madrid, is the capital of the Kingdom of Spain.
Politics[]
Governance[]
Head of State[]
Spain is a Francoist Authoritarian Dictatorship under a Semi-constitutional Monarchy, with a hereditary monarch, usually a King, and a unicameral legislature, the Spanish Royal Legislative Court (Spanish: Corte Legislativo Real Española). As head of state, the King of Spain controls the Spanish Royal Armed Forces, the Spanish Royal Treasury, the Spanish Royal Traditional Latin Rite Church and the Judiciary of the Kingdom of Spain.
Government[]
The National Governor, appointed by the King, serves as head of government who runs the Spanish civilian bureaucracies not directly controlled by the King.
National Movement[]
The Francoist ideology of the Kingdom of Spain are maintained and regulated by the National Movement of the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Movimiento Nacional del Reino de España), a coalition of Falangist, Monarchist and Traditionalist political movements which functions as a "talent agency" for recruiting National Governors, Regional Governors and civil servants in Spain as well as providing candidates for royal marriages.
Foreign Relations[]
As a member nation of the Phalanx Pact Organisation, Spain maintained a friendly relation with both Greece and Portugal.
Like the rest of the Phalanx Pact, Spain have a frosty relation with NATO since the beginning of the Cold War to the present day. On the part of Spain, they are currently in a military standoff with the Spanish Republican Government in the Canary Islands over the assassinations of members of the Spanish Royal Family by corporate mercenaries originating from the Canary Islands. Despite ongoing tensions between the two countries, the presence of nuclear weapons in both countries prevented the Christmas Treaty from being broken.
Military and Law Enforcement[]
The armed forces of Spain are known as the Spanish Royal Armed Forces (Spanish: Fuerzas Armadas Reales Españolas). In addition to external defence, they also function as law enforcement and internal security agencies. Their Commander-in-Chief is the King of Spain, Louis Alphonse I. The next military authorities in line are the National Governor, the Minister of Defence and the Minister of Governance. The fifth military authority of the Kingdom is the Chief of the Royal High Staff (Spanish: Jefe del Real Alto Estado Mayor, JRAEM). The Royal High Staff (Spanish: Real Alto Estado Mayor, RAEM) assists the JRAEM as auxiliary body.
The Spanish Royal Armed Forces are divided into five branches:
- Spanish Royal Army (Spanish: Ejército Real Española de la Tierra)
- Spanish Royal Navy (Spanish: Armada Real Española)
- Spanish Royal Air Force (Spanish: Ejército Real Española del Aire)
- Spanish Royal Civil Guard (Spanish: Guardia Civil Real Española)
- Spanish Royal Armed Police (Spanish: Policía Armada Real Española)
Law enforcement in Spain are carried out by the Spanish Royal Civil Guard in the countryside and by the Spanish Royal Armed Police in the cities. Border guard, coast guard, customs enforcement and military police (Army and Air Force) duties are the responsibility of the Spanish Royal Civil Guard while the Spanish Royal Armed Police handles passport and visa documentation. Criminal investigations are handled by the civilian-run Spanish Royal Investigation Police (Spanish: Policía de Investigación Real Española).
Gibraltar maintained its own separate law enforcement agency and work together with mainland agencies in dealing with crimes between them.
Economy[]
Overview[]
Spain's heavily regulated mixed economy are designed under Francoist principles with a robust capability to function under conditions of autarky. Like the rest of the Phalanx Pact countries, Spain can theoretically function in complete isolation from the rest of the world. Spain have the largest economy in the Phalanx Pact, and one of the largest economies in Western Europe, seconded only by the United Kingdom.
Gibraltar has a partially regulated market economy under the 'one country, two systems' policy.
Types of Commercial Entities[]
There are only four types of commercial for-profit companies permitted by law in Spain:
- Family-owned (including sole proprietorships)
- Employee-owned
- Co-operatives
- Government-owned
The four types of business projects permitted in Spain are:
- Joint Ventures
- Consortiums
- Business Partnership Projects
- Venture Projects (Owned by one company)
Stock Market[]
Spanish companies are not permitted to list themselves in private equities, stock markets or venture capitalism. However, Spanish business projects are allowed to list on the government-owned Spanish Royal Stock Exchanges and Markets (Spanish: Bolsas y Mercados Reales Españoles) with limited foreign investment, subject to government approvals and supervisions. Likewise, Spanish companies may not own shares in foreign or Gibraltar companies, but they may partake in investment vehicles for business projects, provided that local companies have majority ownership of said investment vehicles.
Under the 'one country, two systems' policy, companies based in Gibraltar have no such restrictions regarding stocks and equities.
Banking System[]
The central bank of Spain is the Spanish Royal Treasury (Spanish: Tesoro Real de España) which is controlled by the King of Spain. The banknotes and coins of the Spanish Royal Peseta, the national currency of Spain excluding Gibraltar, are printed by the Royal Mint of Spain (Spanish: Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre – Real Casa de la Moneda), which is controlled by the Ministry of Finance.
Gibraltar regulates and prints its own currency, the Gibraltar Pound, with the Gibraltar Royal Treasury (Spanish: Tesoro Real de Gibraltar) and the Gibraltar Royal Mint (Spanish: Menta Real de Gibraltar) respectively, both of which are owned by the Gibraltar government.
Manufacturing[]
Spain is considered the manufacturing centre of the Phalanx Pact Organisation. Spain have the largest manufacturing sectors of the Phalanx Pact countries, making it the second largest manufacturing country in Europe after Germany. Like the rest of the Phalanx Pact countries, Spain can manufacture any forms of technology it needs to function as an independent country.
Energy[]
Spain has in the past relied primarily on fossil fuels such as coal, gas and nuclear fission for its energy needs. However, these non-renewable energy sources were gradually replaced in recent decades by renewable energy sources such as biomass, solar, electrolysed fuel, wind, hydro-power, geothermal and nuclear fusion. The national electricity grid and all large-scale power stations are owned by the Spanish Royal Electricity Authority (Spanish: Autoridad Eléctrica Real Española) which in turn is under authority of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Public Utilities. While all settlements of Spain are connected to the national electricity grid to some degree, all government and commercial facilities, rural settlements as well as most suburban housings have some form of backup generators in the extremely unlikely event of electricity grid failure.
Gibraltar maintains its own electricity grid and government-owned power stations under the Gibraltar Royal Electricity Authority (Spanish: Autoridad Real de Electricidad de Gibraltar) which in turn is under the authority of the Gibraltar Ministry of Energy.
Science and technology[]
The Spanish Royal Council of Scientific Investigations (Spanish: Consejo Real de Investigaciones Científicas, CRIC) is the leading public agency dedicated to civilian scientific research in the country.
The Spanish Royal Institute for Advanced Defence Research (Spanish: Instituto Reales Españolas de Investigación en Defensa Avanzada, IREIDA) is the primary military research agency of the Spanish Royal Armed Forces.
Transport[]
The rail transport systems in Spain are owned and run by the Royal Network of Spanish Railways (Spanish: Red Real de Ferrocarriles Españoles, RRFE). The Spanish rail network is the largest rail network within the Phalanx Pact and in the European continent.
Gibraltar maintains its public transport infrastructure and services.
Demographics[]
Education[]
Government education in Spain is free and compulsory from the age of six to sixteen. The current education system is regulated by the 1970 education law, General Law on Education (Spanish: Ley General de Educación, LGE). The Spanish Royal Traditional Latin Rite Church maintains a significant influence in the Spanish Education System.
Gibraltar possesses its own separate education system.
Health[]
The government health care system of Spain (Spanish Royal Health System) is run under the Ministry of Governance. The health care in Spain is public, universal and free to all citizens of the Kingdom.
Gibraltar maintains its own health care system under the Gibraltar Health Authority.
Religion[]
The state religion of the Kingdom of Spain is the Spanish Royal Traditional Latin Rite, also known as the Spanish Iberian Catholic Religion or simply Spanish Iberian Catholicism, which had replaced Roman Catholicism as state religion since the Iberian Schism during the latter half of the 20th century.