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புலிகளின் தாகம் தமிழீழ தாயகம்! ("The Tigers thirst for a Tamil Motherland!") | |||||||
| Anthem | "Eruthu Paar Kodi" | ||||||
| Capital (and largest city) |
Trincomalee | ||||||
| Other cities | Jaffna, Mannar, Vavuniya, Kilinochchi and others | ||||||
| Language official |
Tamil | ||||||
| others | Sinhala, English and others | ||||||
| Religion main |
Hinduism | ||||||
| others | Buddhism, Islam and Christianity | ||||||
| Ethnic Groups main |
Tamils | ||||||
| others | Sinhalese, Tamil Moors, Indian Tamils and others | ||||||
| Demonym | Eelam Tamils or Tamils | ||||||
| Government | Unitary one-party socialist republic | ||||||
| Legislature | People's Assembly | ||||||
| Supreme Leader | Velupillai Prabhakaran | ||||||
| President | Suppayya P. Thamilselvan | ||||||
| Prime Minister | Gopalaswamy Mahendraraja | ||||||
| Area | 18,880 km² | ||||||
| Population | 4,496,000 | ||||||
| Established | 5 May 1976 (As Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam) | ||||||
| Independence | from Sri Lanka | ||||||
| declared | 23 July 1983 | ||||||
| recognized | 30 November 1986 (Officially 29 July 1989) | ||||||
| Currency | Eelamite rupee | ||||||
| Organizations | League of Nations and Collective Security Treaty Organization | ||||||
The Socialist Republic of Tamil Eelam (தமிழீழ சோசலிச குடியரசு) is a nation that was created from the ashes of Doomsday, since July 1983 the Island of Sri Lanka was engulfed in a civil war between the central government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, a Tamil nationalistic and socialist militant organization, among other nationalistic groups, that aimed at creating a ethnocratic Tamil state, free from the Sinhalese domination. The republic declared independence in 1983 and it was recognised as a sovereign nation by Sri Lanka in 1986 with the Peace Agreements in Dhaka.
History[]
Pre-Doomsday[]
The northern and eastern areas of the island had Tamil populations for thousands of years, and in the year 1017, Rajendra Chola completed the conquest of Sri Lanka for the Chola empire, but the northern and eastern parts had been taken under the reign of his father, Rajaraja. After Chola power declined, multiple kingdoms would appear here, including the Jaffna kingdom which existed from 1215 to 1619 after it was subdued by the Portugese.
The island would then be occupied by the Dutch and the British for hundreds more years until independence in 1948. Under the British, Tamils would be given more administrative jobs as more Tamils spoke English than Sinhalese. Sinhalese nationalism and nationalists also created the Sinhala only act and other laws that marginalized the Tamil minority such as making Tamils need to score higher marks than Sinhalese to pass certain exams. The anti-Tamil sentiment boiled over into the burning of the Jaffna library which contained irreplaceable Tamil historical texts and the anti Tamil pogroms of 1956, 1958, 1977, 1981, and July 1983, the last one, commonly referred to as, "Black July", was caused by the Tamil Tigers(founded in 1976) ambushing and killing multiple Sri Lankan Army(SLA) soldiers, it is considered as the start of the Sri Lankan civil war.
Doomsday[]
Sri Lanka was not affected by the events of doomsday directly, though it would lead to the formation of Tamil Eelam as the Sri Lankan government fell into chaos as imports dried up.
Post-Doomsday[]
Sri Lankan Civil war(Eelam War 1)[]
The Sri Lankan civil war, also known as Eelam War, began in 1983 after a Tamil Tiger ambush on a 15 man SLA patrol, which triggered the Black July riots. Multiple ambushes would happen throughout northern and eastern Sri Lanka by various Tamil separatist organizations which would be unified by Vellupillai Prabhakaran, the leader of the Tamil Tigers.
The Siege of Jaffna(Eelam war 1)[]
The Tamil Tigers seized the city of Jaffna in 1985, though, SLA forces surrounded the city and it came under siege, the Tigers would exploit weaknesses in the SLA lines to break the siege.
Peace process and first ceasefire[]
The Sri Lankan government and the governments of Tamil Eelam were exhausted by 1986 with the problems such as food shortages caused by doomsday exacerbating this. The Tamil Tigers negotiated with the Sri Lankan government for ceasefire and recognition in the Dhaka peace talks of 1986 and the war ended with the Tamil Tigers in control over parts of northern and eastern Sri Lanka.
The Second Tamil war(Eelam war 2)[]
Sri Lankan President Ranasinghe Premadasa revoked Sri Lankan recognition of Tamil Eelam and invaded it in 1989 after building up the SLA.
The Second Siege of Jaffna(Eelam war 2)[]
SLA forces still held the fortress of Elephant Pass, which kept the city of Jaffna seperated from the rest of Tiger territory, so they launched another siege in 1989, and this time it looked like the tigers were going to be decimated as the SLA advanced on all fronts, the island was about to be reunified, but the Sri Lankan Government didn't expect the intervention from a nation across the Palk Straits, Tamil Nadu.
Tamil Nadu intervention(Eelam war 2)[]
During the 1989 siege of Jaffna, Tamil Nadu air force jets flew past and dropped supplies to the starving Tamil Tigers and bombed SLA positions. Then over 50,000 troops of the Tamil Nadu army would land on the shores of northern and eastern parts of the island and helped to push back the SLA as the Tamil Nadu Navy and air force supported the Tigers by sending supplies and bombing SLA positions and by 1990, The northern and eastern parts of Sri Lanka were in Tamil Tiger hands, Sri Lankan will broke after the siege of Elephant Pass.
Siege of Trincomalee port(Eelam war 2)[]
A small SLA garrison held out in the port of the city of Trincomalee during Eelam war 1, most of the city was under tiger control. The SLA attempted to use this port as a beachhead to retake the entire city and managed to take over half the city before the Tamil Nadu intervention. The Sri Lankan Navy initially managed to fend off the Tamil Navy from the island's eastern shores for the first few months and supply continued to flow, the port experienced constant human wave attacks by the Tigers. After some months, the Sea Tigers and Tamil Nadu Navy fended off the Sri Lankan Navy in late 1989 which left the port without supply. The port never fell, but was given to Tamil Eelam in exchange for safe passage of the garrison's soldiers after the war ended. The siege is often referred to as Sri Lankan Stalingrad due to it's brutal house to house fighting and high casualty amount.
Siege of Batticaloa(Eelam war 2)[]
The city of Batticaloa was surrounded on all sides after the winter offensive of the Tamil Tigers and Tamil Nadu forces in late 1989. The city was also cut off from supply as the Sri Lankan navy had been defeated on the eastern shores. The city then came under relentless human wave attacks by the Tigers and Tamil Nadu marines who also attempted to take the port facilities by landing using Sea Tiger and Tamil Nadu Navy boats. Brutal house to house fighting ensued ,and the city came under relentless bombardment from the Tamil Nadu airforce and Tamil Nadu Navy provided shore bombardment for the multiple landings attempting to take the port. Finally, in early 1990 the port was taken and the garrison surrendered a couple days before the Sri Lankan government signed the Treaty of Madurai.
Siege of Elephant Pass(Eelam war 2)[]
Elephant Pass, a town that is on the southern part of the Jaffna peninsula and a former fortress of the SLA, was besieged on all sides during Eelam war 2 from 1989-1990, and came under a non-stop assault by land, sea, and air, Tiger cadres used human wave tactics to advance, even armoured bulldozers were used by the tigers, and Tamil Nadu Air Force and Sky Tiger jets flew above, dropping their ordinance, attack boats belonging to the Sea Tigers and the Tamil Nadu Navy would launch naval landings on the coastal areas near the fortress, surrounding and cutting it off from supply. After one year of holding out, the defenders, starved and dying, finally surrendered, the fall of Elephant pass combined with food shortages broke Sri Lankan will to fight and the Sri Lankan government sued for peace. The battle is often referred to as Sri Lankan Verdun due to the many trenches and fortifications used.
Peace process and second ceasefire[]
The treaty of Madurai of 1990 led to the humiliation of Sri Lanka and the solidification of Tiger rule as Sri Lanka was forced to pay tribute to Tamil Eelam and Tamil Nadu and forced to cede territory.
Recent Years[]
The government of Tamil Eelam has provided military support to Tamil Nadu when in 2005 multiple neighbourhoods in Pondicherry rebelled. The remilitarisation of Sri Lanka also threatens Tamil Eelam, who have also begun mobilising for a possible Eelam war 3.
Government[]
The government of Tamil Eelam is a Unitary one party socialist republic led by the , "Supreme Leader", Vellupillai Prabhakaran, the founder of the Tamil Tigers and other high ranking Tiger leaders such as Suppaya P.Thamilselvan and Gopalaswamy Mahendraraja.
Military[]
The Military of Tamil Eelam consists of 4 branches, the Black Tigers(suicide bombers), Sea Tigers(navy), Ground forces and the Sky Tigers(air force).
Army[]
The Army of the Tamil Tigers consists of mostly soldiers trained in guerilla warfare and some pickup trucks and armoured bulldozers used during the siege of Elephant Pass.
[]
The Sea Tigers are mostly just patrol boats with a few larger comandeered Sri Lankan Navy vessels and those given as reperation after Eelam war 2. They help the Tigers in they many smuggling operations which fuel their economy.
Air force(Sky Tigers)[]
The Sky Tigers are the weakest of the branches and only have a few Czech light civilian aircraft as well as a few Migs donated by Tamil Nadu.
The Black Tigers(suicide bombers)[]
The Black Tigers were used extensively to target SLA installations in Eelam wars 1 and 2 and are the elite suicide bomber unit of the military.
Conscription laws and recent events[]
Every citizen above the age of 18 is meant to have at least 8 months of military training, and in times of war, at least one member from each family is recruited into active service. After the war, many tiger fighters returned to civilian life but the army is now remobilising in preparation for a possible Eelam war 3.
Economy[]
The economy of Tamil Eelam is reliant on Siberian and Tamil Nadu aid along with smuggling, though it has picked up pace in recent years.
The nation is not very industrialised and it mostly relies on agriculture and plantations, the small surplus of which are exported to trade partners such as Tamil Nadu.
International Relations[]
Tamil Eelam is in the League of Nations, Collective Security Treaty Orginisation(CSTO) and has a mutual defense treaty with Tamil Nadu, it's northern ally. It is heavily reliant on foreign aid. A small movement has started to reunify Tamil Eelam with Sri Lanka or Tamil Nadu inspired by the UIP.
Cricket[]
Cricket is the most popular sport in Tamil Eelam, they also participate in the Tamil Premier League with Tamil Nadu where each district has its own cricket team., they also have their own Eelam Premier league.
Rugby[]
Rugby is the second most popular sport in Tamil Eelam and multiple rugby championships have been held since 1995.
Film and Propaganda[]
The Tamil Tigers have a small film industry which is dedicated to making propoganda films.